汽车专业英语1
汽车专业英语unit1
UNIT 1 AUTOMOTIVE BASICS 背景知识：本节主要介绍汽车的基本组件。
Four major categories: engine, body, chassis and electrical equipment.Engine:acts as the power unit. There are two types of engine: gasoline (also called a spark-ignition engine) and diesel (also called a compression-ignition engine).Body: I t provides a protective covering for the engine, passengers, and cargo.Chassis: support engine and any other assembly parts. It includes power train, running gear, and steering and brake system.Power train（传动系）：― conve ys the drive to the wheels. Include: clutch、gear box （变速器）、universal joint、propeller shaft（传动轴）、drive axle（驱动桥）。
Running gear（行驶系）：― support the vehicle and ensure it stable running. Include: frame（车架）、axle housing（桥壳）、suspension（悬架）、wheel（车轮）。
Steering（转向系）：― controls the direction of the movement. Include: steering wheel, column（转向管柱）,steering gears（转向器）, linkages（转向传动机构）.Brake（制动系）：― slows down the vehicle. Include: brake pedal, master cylinder, brake lines（油管），brake cylinder（制动缸）and brakes（制动器）。
汽车专业英语_1_automotive_basics
Light vehicle vans can be based on common
sedan designs or redesigns so that maximum
cargo space is available.
轻型货车一般是
前置发动机可以纵向布置，能够驱动前轮或后轮。 后置发动机布置在后轮后侧，发动机即可纵向布置 又可横向布置，一般只能驱动后轮。
Internal combustion engine: 内燃机、外燃机 Cylinder: 汽缸 圆柱体 Gasoline//diesel：汽油 柴油 Ignition：点燃 ignite Shaft // Crankshaft: 轴 曲轴 Transmission
general goods transport.
用于运输货物的商用车车身必须满足具体要求，例
如运输液体的油罐车、运输泥土或散装谷物的自卸
车、运输一般货物的平板车或货车。
no sides or roof
Buses and coaches are usually 4-wheel rigid vehicles, but a large number of wheels and axles can be used. Sometimes articulated buses are used to increase capacity. Buses and coaches can be single-deck or doubledeck. Buses are commonly used in cities as commuter transports while coaches are more luxurious used for long distances.
汽车专业英语unit 1 Automobile Culture
Warming up
Discuss in groups. 1.Do you know any other structures about the engine? 2.What kinds of engines do you know?
Listening and Speaking
Listen again and answer the questions. 1. Who built the first car in the world? 2. When was the first car built in the world ? 3.What are the four largest auto manufacturers in the world?
Contents
1
Warming up
2
Listening and Speaking
3
Relaxing
4
Words and expressions
Warming up
Listen and match.
car
bus
concept vehicle
off-road vehicle
Listening and Speaking
Listen to the dialogue and repeat.
Xiao Ming: Excuse me, do you know who built the first car in the world and when? Li Hua: Karl Benz from German built the first car in 1886. XiaoMing: That means it is already one hundred years since the first automobile was invented in the world . Li Hua: That’s right. Xiao Ming: The auto industry has really developed very fast, hasn’t it? Li Hua: Yes, I think so .Now, General Motors, Toyota, Nissan and Ford are generally considered to be the four largest auto manufacturers in the world.
汽车专业英语1
Unit 1The Basic Structure of an AutomobileToday’s average automobile contains more than 15,000 separate parts that they must work together. These parts can be grouped into four major categories: engine, body, chassis and electrical equipments. The layout of modern automobile is shown as Fig.1.1.Fig.1.1 Layout of a Modern Automobile✩EngineThe engine supplies the power for the vehicle. Most automotive engines are located at the front of the vehicle and drive the wheels through a power train made up of gears, shafts, and other mechanical and hydraulic components. Most automotive vehicles are powered by a four-stroke-cycle internal combustion engine. The in-line four-cylinder engine and V-type six-cylinder engine are the most widely used, with V-8 engines are also common. Some passenger cars and trucks have diesel engines.✩BodyThe automobile body is the assembly of sheet-metal, plastic or composite material panels together with windows, doors, seats, upholstery and other parts.In older vehicle designs, the frame is a separate rigid structure; newer passenger-car designs have the frame and body structure combined into an integral unit.汽车专业英语✩SuspensionThe suspension supports the weight of the vehicle, absorbs road shocks, transmits brake-reaction forces, helps maintain traction between the tires and the road. The springs may be coil, leaf, torsion bar, or air. Most automotive vehicles have coil springs at the front and either coil or leaf springs at the rear.✩SteeringThe steering system enables the driver to turn the front wheels left or right to control the direction of vehicle travel. Steering systems are classified as either manual steering or power steering, with power assist provided hydraulically or by an electric motor.✩BrakeA brake is a device that uses a controlled force to reduce the speed or to stop a moving vehicle, or to hold the vehicle stationary.✩TransmissionThe transmission is the device in the power train that provides different forward gear ratios between the engine and drive wheels, as well as neutral and reverse. The two types of transmission are manual transmission, which the driver shifts by hand, and automatic transmission, which shifts automatically.In power train, the final drive is the speed-reduction gear set that drives the differential. The differential is the gear assembly between axle shafts that permits one wheel to rotate at a speed different from that of the other (if necessary), while transmitting torque from the final-drive ring gear to the axle shafts.✩Electrical EquipmentMost automotive engines have electronic fuel injection instead of a carburetor. A computer-controlled engine managing system automatically manages various emissions devices and engine operation, including the fuel injection and spark timing.NEW WORDS AND PHRASESautomobile[ ♦☜❍☜♌♓●] n. 汽车average [ ✌☜❒♓♎✞] adj. 平均的，普通的，一般的categories[ ✌♦✋♈☜❒♋✋] n. 种类，类别engine [ ♏⏹♎✞♓⏹] n. 发动机body[ ♌♎♓] n. 汽车车身2Unit 1 The Basic Structure of an Automobilechassis[ ☞✌♦♓] n. 底盘layout[ ●♏♓♋◆♦] n. 布局，安排power [ ☐♋◆☜] n. 动力, 功率automotive [ ♦☜❍☜◆♦♓] adj. 有关汽车的; 机动(车)的vehicle [ ♓♓●] n. 交通工具, 车辆power train 传动系gear [♈♓☜] n. 齿轮，传动装置; vt. 齿轮传动；vi.换挡shaft [☞♐♦] n. 轴mechanical[❍♓✌⏹♓●] adj. 机械学的; 力学的hydraulic[♒♋♓♎❒●♓] adj. 液力的，液压的combustion [ ☜❍♌✈♦♦☞☜⏹] n. 燃烧stroke[♦♦❒☜◆] n. 冲程cylinder [ ♦♓●♓⏹♎☜] n. 汽缸passenger [ ☐✌♦♓⏹♎✞☜] n. 乘客truck[♦❒✈] n. 卡车, 载重汽车diesel[ ♎♓☜●] n. 柴油composite[ ❍☐☜♓♦ ♋♓adj. 复合的，合成的♦]material[❍☜♦✋☜❒✋☜●] n. 材料panel[ ☐✌⏹●] n. 仪表板；控制板；面板upholstery[✈☐♒☜◆●♦♦☜❒♓] n. 车身衬里，内饰frame[♐❒♏♓❍] n. 车架rigid[ ❒♓♎✞♓♎] adj. 刚硬的integral[ ♓⏹♦♓♈❒☜●] adj. 完整的, 整体的suspension[♦☜♦☐♏⏹☞☜⏹] n. 悬挂transmit[♦❒✌⏹❍♓♦] vt. 传送brake-reaction force 制动作用力maintain[❍♏⏹♦♏♓⏹] vt. 保持traction[ ♦❒✌☞☜⏹] n. 驱动力tire[ ♦♋♓☜] n. 轮胎spring[♦☐❒♓☠] n. 弹簧coil[ ♓●] n. 线圈，螺旋(弹簧)leaf[●♓♐] n. 叶片torsion[ ♦☞☜⏹] n. 扭转rear[❒♓☜] n. 后部steering[ ♦♦♓☜❒♓☠] n. 转向装置manual[ ❍✌⏹◆☜●] adj. 手动操作的；n. 手册transmission[♦❒✌⏹❍♓☞☜⏹] n. 传动装置, 变速器3汽车专业英语ratio[ ❒♏♓☞♓☜◆] n. 比；传动比neutral[ ⏹◆♦❒☜●] adj. 空挡的reverse[❒♓☜♦] adj. 相反的, 反向的automatic[ ♦☜❍✌♦♓] adj. 自动的automatically [ ♦☜❍✌♦✋●✋] adv. 自动地final drive 主减速器speed-reduction 减速装置differential[ ♎♓♐☜❒♏⏹☞☜●] n. 差速器axle[ ✌♦●] n. 轴，车桥torque[♦] n. 力矩electronic fuel injection 电子燃油喷射carburetor [ ♌☜❒♏♦☜☎❒✆] n. 化油器spark[♦☐] n. 火花timing[ ♦♋♓❍♓☠] n. (点火、喷油等)正时emission[♓❍♓☞☜⏹] n. 排放NOTES TO THE TEXT1. Most automotive engines are located at the front of the vehicle and drive the rear wheels through a power train made up of gears, shafts, and other mechanical and hydraulic components.大多数汽车发动机位于汽车的前部，通过传动系驱动车轮，动力传动系是由齿轮、轴和其他的机械与液压元件组成的。
汽车专业英语1了解汽车
面向“十三五”职业教育国家规划教材 汽车专业英语
Part Ⅲ Reading Passage Two Structure of the Automobile An automobile is composed of four sections: the engine, chassis, body, and electrical system.
Part ⅠWarming up The Development of the Car
本茨于1886年1月29日向 德国专利局申请发明汽车专 利申请，11月被批准，专利证 书编号为DRP37435 ，因此1886年 1月29日被公认为是世界汽车 诞生日。
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面向“十三五”职业教育国家规划教材 汽车专业英语
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面向“十三五”职业教育国家规划教材 汽车专业英语
Part ⅠWarming up The Development of the Car
Ford Model T (The first vehicle produced by assembly line)
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面向“十三五”职业教育国家规划教材 汽车专业英语
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面向“十三五”职业教育国家规划教材 汽车专业英语
Part Ⅲ Reading Passage One BMW Logo History
In fact the emblem developed from the round Rapp Motorenwerke Company logo, from which the BMW company grew, combined with the white and blue colors of the flag of Bavaria to produce the BMW logo. However, the origin of the logo is in dispute.
汽车专业英语1
Interior roominess makes them the most comfortable cars for long trips.
interior [in'tiəriə] a. 内部的
They’re still readily available in the new car marketplace. Full-size cars may be well over 5000 mm long and are the roomiest vehicles.
trade-off [trei dɔ:f] n. 交易，交换
Parking maneuverability and fuel economy are superior to the full-size models, while maintenance access, roominess and long-trip comfort are better than those of the compacts and subcompacts. Intermediates have room for five adults and a large trunk (boot).
crash-protection [kræʃprə'tekʃən] n. 防撞击装置
Original cost is somewhat higher than that for the subcompacts. Fuel economy is comparable and maintenance access easier.
Figure 1-5 Ford: Focus
Figure 1-6 Toyota: Corolla
汽车专业英语Unit 1
engine
body
Chassis The chassis is an assembly of those systems that are the major operating part of a vehicle. The chassis includes the transmission, suspension, steering, and brake systems.
steering system
Automobile
chassis body
suspension system
braking system
Engine The engine acts as the power unit. The internal combustion engine is most common: this obtains its power by burning a liquid fuel inside the engine cylinder. There are two types of engine :gasoline(also called a spark-ignition engine) and diesel(also called a compression-ignition engine).Both engines are called heat engines; the burning fuel generates heat which causes the gas inside the cylinder to increase its pressure and supply power to rotate a shaft connected to the transmission.
汽车专业英语第一章
• 掌握汽车主要部件的英文名称 • 掌握各类汽车的英文名称 • 掌握常用术语 • 了解翻译的标准 • 信、达、雅
• Engine • Electrical equipment • Body • Chassis • 底盘
• How many kinds of automobile you can say in English?
Wagon 四轮马车, 货车
Van 大篷车，运货车
CHAPTER 1 AUTOMOBILE BASICS
• What’s the main parts of an automobile?
• (1) Today‘s average car contains more than 15,000 separate, individual parts that must work together. These parts can be grouped into four major categories: engine, body, chassis and electrical equipment 。
• 内燃机是最常见的，其动力来自气缸里液 体燃料的燃烧。发动机有汽油机和柴油机 两种，都称为热机。燃料燃烧产生热量， 气缸内气体压力升高，从而提供动力，带 动连接传动系的轴旋转。
1.3 Chassis
• New words
• 1.3.3 Suspension System
• The purpose of the complete suspension system is to isolate the vehicle body from road shocks and vibrations, which will otherwise be transferred to the passengers and load. It must also keep the tires in contact with the road regardless of road surface.
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This is due partly to the often cramped quarters in which engine parts are installed.
cramped [kræmpt] a. 狭窄的，拥挤的
trade-off [trei dɔ:f] n. 交易，交换
Parking maneuverability and fuel economy are superior to the full-size models, while maintenance access, roominess and long-trip comfort are better than those of the compacts and subcompacts. Intermediates have room for five adults and a large trunk (boot). roominess ['ru:minis] n. 宽敞，广阔 trunk [trʌŋk] n. （汽车后部）行李箱 boot [bu:t] n. [英]汽车行李箱
Examples of intermediate cars: Figure 1-9 Toyota: Camery; Figure 1-10 FAW: Besturn; Figure 1-11 Volkswagen: Magotan and Figure 1-12 Passat.
Figure 1-9 Toyota: Camery
汽车专业英语
UNIT 1 Introduction to Cars
Passage A
Kinds of Cars
Cars of today have developed into many different body styles befitting their varied uses.
maneuvering [mə'nu:vəriŋ] n. 操纵
However, due to their shorter wheelbase (distance from center of front wheel to center of rear wheel) and their lighter weight, subcompacts give a somewhat firmer ride, which some people prefer.
be superior to 比更优越，优于，胜过 maintenance access 维修空间
Engines are more powerful than compact cars and 6-cylinder engines are more common than in smaller cars.
Subcompacts
Cars of this size often have the lowest original cost and deliver the best fuel economy.
original cost 原始成本，原价，原值
Subcompacts generally provide the best handling and easiest maneuvering and parking.
Car sizes vary from region to region; in Europe, large family cars are rarely over 4700 mm long, while in North America they may be well over 4800 mm.
Despite their impressive gas mileage figures, however, subcompact overall maintenance cost can sometimes run higher than their larger counterparts.
counterpart ['kauntəpɑ:t] n. 相似之物
Figure1-1 Ford: Fiesta
Figure1-2 Nissan: Micra
Figure 1-3 Volkswagen: Gol
Figure 1-4 Chery: QQ
Compacts
These models are a little larger than subcompacts. They give additional room in the front and rear seats as well as added crash-protection for passengers.
financial [fai'nænʃəl] a. 金融的，财政的
The most common of these styles — the family automobiles — come in many forms and are available in four basic sizes: subcompact, compact, intermediate, and full-size.
subcompact ['sʌb'kɔmpækt] n. 超小型汽车 compact ['kɔmpækt] a. 紧凑的，紧密的n. 紧凑型汽车 intermediate [intə'mi:diət] a. 中级的，中间的n. 中型汽车 full-size ['ful'saiz] a. 全长的n. 大型汽车
Figure 1-6 Toyota: Corolla
Figure 1-7 Volkswagen: Sagitar
Figure 1-8 Volkswagen: Bora
Intermediates
Also called mid-sized cars, intermediates provide what many consider to be the best trade-off between economy and comfort.
wheelbase ['wi:lbeis] n. 前后轮之车轮轴距离，轴距
Subcompacts have three, four or five doors and are designed to seat four passengers comfortably.
Current subcompact hatchbacks are approximately 3900 mm long.
befit [bi'fit] v. 适合，适宜，合式 varied ['vɛərid] a. 各种各样的
Some of these styles are listed below: Three-door hatchback sedan, four-door sedan, five-door hatchback sedan, two-door hardtop, four-door hardtop, station wagon, pickup, van and off-road sport cars.
Repairing parts cost more, too, particularly for the imported cars.
Examples of subcompact cars: Figure 1-1 Ford: Fiesta; Figure 1-2 Nissan: Micra; Figure 1-3 Volkswagen: Gol; Figure 1-4 Chery: QQ.
hatchback ['hætʃ'bæk] n. 有仓门式后背的汽车，掀背车，揭背 式 sedan [si'dæn] n. （美）轿车 hardtop [hB:dtCp] n. 有金属顶盖的汽车 pickup ['pikʌp] n. 皮卡，小卡车 station wagon 小旅行车，旅行轿车
The best style for you depends on the use to which you’ll put the car, where you live, the amount of driving you do, your financial resources, and your personal tastes.
comparable ['kɔmpərəbl] a. 可比较的，比得上的
Their somewhat roomier nature and better ride often make compacts the choice of the economy-minded driver.
choice [tʃɔis] a. 上等的，精选的n. 选择
crash-protection [kræʃprə'tekʃən] n. 防撞击装置
Original cost is somewhat higher than that for the subcompacts. Fuel economy is comparable and maintenance access easier.
readily ['redili] ad. 迅速地，轻易地
In addition, many people find themselves crowded inside a subcompact, especially sometimes in the minuscule back seats.
minuscule [mi'nʌskju:l] a. 微小的，小写字的
Examples of compact cars: Figure 1-5 Ford: Focus; Figure 1-6 Toyota: Corolla; Figure 1-7 Volkswagen: Sagetta; Figure 1-8 Volkswagen: Bora.