人教版英语八年级下册知识点总结
初二英语下册知识点归纳人教版

初二英语下册知识点归纳人教版一、Unit 1 What's the matter?1. 重点短语。
- have a cold 感冒。
- have a stomachache 胃痛;腹痛。
- have a sore back 背痛。
- lie down 躺下。
- take one's temperature 量体温。
- have a fever 发烧。
- take breaks (take a break) 休息。
- get off 下车。
- to one's surprise 使……惊讶的是;出乎……意料。
- right away 立即;马上。
- get into 陷入;参与。
- be used to 习惯于……;适应于……- take risks (take a risk) 冒险。
- run out (of) 用尽;耗尽。
- cut off 切除。
- get out of 离开;从……出来。
- be in control of 掌管;管理。
2. 重点句型。
- What's the matter? = What's wrong? = What's the trouble? 怎么了?- Should I put some medicine on it? 我应该在它(伤口)上敷些药吗?- You should lie down and rest. 你应该躺下休息。
- He hurt himself in P.E. class. 他在体育课上伤到了自己。
- Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested in mountain climbing. 阿伦·罗尔斯顿是一个对登山感兴趣的美国人。
3. 语法。
- 情态动词should的用法:should表示“应该”,用来提出建议或劝告,后接动词原形。
例如:You should see a dentist. 否定形式为shouldn't,例如:You shouldn't go to school late.二、Unit 2 I'll help to clean up the city parks.1. 重点短语。
人教版八年级英语下册复习知识点

人教版八年级英语下册复习知识点八年级英语下册复习知识1Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame?arriveat到达(小地方)arrivein到达(大地方)reach到达getto到达IarrivedinBeijinglastnight.=IreachedBeijinglastnight.=IgottoBeijinglastnight.如果宾语是副词here,there,home,要把at/in/to省略。
arrivehere/there/homegethere/there/homeinfrontof…在…的前面(某一范围外的前面)inthefrontof…在…的前面(某一范围内的前面)Therearesomebigtreesinfrontoftheclassroombuilding.在教室的前面有一些大树。
Ilikesittinginthefrontofthetaxi.我喜欢坐在出租车的前排位置。
takeoff(1)起飞Whendidtheplanetakeoffyesterday?飞机什么时候起飞?(2)脱下(衣帽等)Hetookoffhiscoatassoonashewentintotheroom.他一进房间就脱掉了外套。
(3)取消Theywilltakeoffthe5amtrain.他们取消了早上5点的火车。
getout(of)…从……离开/出去/下来Acarstoppedandagirlgotoutofit.但从汽车/火车/船/飞机/马匹上下来,用getoff…follow跟随Ifollowedhimuphehill.我跟着他上了山.沿着……前进Followthisroaduntilyougettothepostoffice.顺着这条路一直到邮局.(3)听懂,理解Couldyouspeakmoreslowly?Ican’tfollowyou.你能说慢点吗?我听不(4)followsb.todosth.跟着某人做某事Pleasefollowmetoreadthestory.请跟我读这个。
人教版八年级英语下册知识点总结

人教版八年级英语下册知识点总结Unit1What’sthematter【重点单词】matter[mt]v.重要,要紧,有关系What’sthematter怎么了?出什么事了?sore[s:(r)]adj.疼痛的,酸痛的haveacold感冒stomach['stmk]n.胃,腹部stomachache['stmkek]n.胃痛,腹痛haveastomachache胃痛foot(复数feet)[fu:t]n.脚neck[nek]n.颈,脖子throat[θrt]n.喉咙fever['fi:v]n.发烧,发热lie[la]v.躺,平躺liedown躺下rest[rest]n.剩余部分,其余;放松,休息cough[kf]n.&v.咳嗽X-ray['eksre]n.X光,X射线toothache[tu:θek]n.牙痛takeone'stemperature量体温headache[hedek]n.头痛haveafever发烧break[brek]n.&v.休息,暂停;打破takebreaks(takeabreak)休息hurt[h:t]v.伤害,损害,使受伤passenger['psnd]n.乘客,旅客off[f]adv.prep.离开(某处);从…去掉getoff下车toone'ssurprise使…惊讶,出乎…意料onto[nt]prep.向,朝trouble[trbl]n.麻烦,烦扰,问题hit[hit]n.&v.碰撞,打,打击rightaway立即,马上getinto陷入,参与herself[h:self]pron.她自己,她本身(she的反身代词)bandage['bndd]n.&v.绷带;用绷带包扎sick[sk]adj.患病的,不适的knee[ni:]n.膝盖nosebleed[nzbli:d]n.鼻出血breathe[bri:e]v.呼吸sunburned[snb:nd]adj.晒伤的ourselves[ɑ:selvz]pron.我们自己(we的反身代词)climber[klam(r)]n.登山者beusedto习惯于…适应于…risk[rsk]n.&v.风险,危险;冒险takerisks(takearisk)冒险accident[ksidnt]n.意外事件;事故situation[sitjuein]n.状况,形式,情况kg=kilogram[klgrm]n.公斤,千克rock[rk]n.岩石runout(of)用尽,耗尽knife[naif]n.刀,餐刀cutoff切除blood[bld]n.血mean[mi:n]v.意味着,意思是,意欲getoutof离开,从…出来importance[mp:tns]n.重要性decision[d'sn]n.决心,决定,抉择control[kn'trl]v.控制,支配,操纵beincontrolof掌管,管理spirit['sprt]n.勇气,意志death[deθ]n.死亡giveup放弃nurse[n:s]n.护士【重点短语】1.haveafever发烧2.haveacough咳嗽3.haveatoothache牙疼4.talktoomuch说得太多5.drinkenoughwater喝足够的水6.haveacold受凉;感冒7.haveastomachache胃疼8.haveasoreback背疼9.haveasorethroat喉咙痛10.takerisks冒险11.hotteawithhoney加蜂蜜的热茶12.seeadentist看牙医13.getanX-ray拍X光片14.takeone’stemperature量体温15.putsomemedicineonsth.在……上面敷药16.giveup放弃17.soundlike听起来像18.allweekend整个周末19.inthesameway以同样的方式20.gotoadoctor看医生21.goalong沿着……走22.onthesideoftheroad在马路边23.shoutforhelp大声呼救24.withoutthinkingtwice没有多想25.getoff下车26.haveaheartproblem有心脏病27.toone’ssurprise另某人惊讶的是28.thanksto多亏了;由于29.intime及时30.makeadecision做出决定31.getintotrouble造成麻烦32.rightaway立刻;马上33.becauseof由于34.getoutof离开;从……出来35.keepondoingsth.继续或坚持做某事36.putabandageonsth.用绷带包扎37.falldown摔倒38.feelsick感到恶心39.haveanosebleed流鼻血40.cuthisknee割伤他的膝盖41.putherheadback把她的头向后仰42.haveproblemsbreathing呼吸困难43.mountainclimbing登山运动44.beusedtodoingsth.习惯做某事45.runout(of)用完;用尽46.sothat以便47.so...that...如此……以至于...…48.beincontrolof掌管;管理49.inadifficultsituation在闲境中【重点句型】1.What'sthematterwithyou=What'thetroublewithyou=What'swrongwithyou你怎么了?2.Whatshouldshedo她该怎么办呢?3.ShouldItakemytemperature我应该量一下体温吗?4.Youshouldliedownandrest.你应该躺下休息一会儿。
人教版八年级英语下册各知识点归纳总结(最新最全)

人教版八年级英语下册各知识点归纳总结Unti1 what’s the matter?短语归纳1.too much 太多2.lie down 躺下3.get an X-ray 做个X光检查4.take one ’s temperature 量体温5.put some medicine on ......在....上敷药6.have a fever 发烧7.take breaks /take a break 休息 8.without thinking twice 没多想9.get off 下车 10.take sb to the hospital 送某人去医院11.wait for等待 12.to one’s surprise 使.......惊讶的13.thanks to多亏于;由于 14.in time及时15.think about 考虑 16.have a heart problem患有心脏病用法归纳1.need to do sth .需要去做某事2.see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事3.ask sb sth 询问某人某事4.expect sb to do sth 期望某人做某事5.agree to do sth 同意做某事6.help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事7.want to do sth 想要做某事 8.tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事9.have problems(in) doing sth 做某事有困难 e sth to do sth用某物去做某事语法点1.询问某人的健康问题及遇到麻烦的表达方法2.情态动词should的用法3.不定代词的用法精细解读1. What’s the matter (with you)? 怎么了?出什么事了?What’s the trouble/ the problem / wrong with sb./ sth.?2. I had a cold.我感冒了。
人教版八年级英语下册各单元知识点总结完整版

Unit 1 What’s the matter?一、重点短语1. have a fever 发烧2. have a cough 咳嗽3. have a toothache 牙疼4. talk too much 说得太多5. drink enough water 喝足够的水6. have a cold 受凉;感冒7. have a stomachache 胃疼8. have a sore back 背疼9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛10. lie down and rest躺下来休息11. hot tea with honey加蜂蜜的热茶12. see a dentist看牙医13. get an X-ray拍X光片14. take one’ s temperature量体温15. put some medicine on sth在……上面敷药16. feel very hot 感到很热17. sound like 听起来像18. all weekend 整个周末19. in the same way以同样的方式20. go to a doctor 看医生21. go along 沿着……走22. on the side of the road 在马路边23. shout for help 大声呼救24. without thinking twice 没有多想25. get off 下车26. have a heart problem 有心脏病27. to one’ s surprise 使……惊讶的28. thanks to 多亏了;由于29. in time及时30. save a life 挽救生命31. get into trouble 造成麻烦32. right away 立刻;马上33. because of 由于34. get out of 离开35. hurt oneself 受伤36. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎37. fall down 摔倒38. feel sick 感到恶心39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血40. cut his knee割伤他的膝盖41. put her head back 把她的头向后仰42.have problems breathing呼吸困难43. mountain climbing登山运动44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事45. run out (of) 用完;用尽46. so that 以便47. so…that 如此……以至于……48. be in control of 掌管;管理49. in a difficult situation 在逆境屮50. keep on doing sth.坚持做某事51. make a decision做出决定52. take risks 冒险53. give up 放弃二、知识点解析1. What’s the matter? 怎么了?若是询问“某人怎么了?”要用“What’s the matter with sb.?”拓展:What’s the matter with sb.? 的同义句:What’s wrong with sb.? / What’s the trouble with sb.?2.疾病类短语:have a +疾病. e.g. :have a fever 发烧have a cold 感冒have a cough 咳嗽.have a +身体部位-ache. e.g.: have a headache 头痛have a toothache 牙痛.have a sore+身体部位. e.g.: have a sore throat咽喉痛have a sore back背痛例题:Mom, I____________.I’m sorry to hear that, dear. We must go to see the dentist right away.A. have a headacheB. have a stomachacheC. have a toothacheD. have a fever3. lie down 躺下V. 躺,平躺。
期末Units1-10单元知识点总结 人教版八年级英语下册

Unit 1 What’s the matter?一、词形变化1.stomach 名词胃;腹部——stomachache 名词胃痛2.lie 躺lie—lay—lain lying; 说谎lie—lied—lied3.hurt 动词(使)疼痛;受伤hurt—hurt—hurt4.hit 动词击;打hit—hit—hit5.反身代词(oneself):myself 我自己—ourselves 我们自己himself 他自己—herself 她自己—themselves 他们自己yourself 你自己—yourselves 你们自己enjoy oneself 玩得开心hurt oneself 伤害自己by oneself 独自6.climb 动词登;爬——climber 名词登山者7.knife 名词小刀——复数:knives8.mean 动词意思是;打算mean—meant—meant9.important 形容词重要的—importance 名词重要性10.decide 动词决定——decision 名词11.die 动词死——death 名词死亡——dead形容词死亡的die—died—died dying二、短语归纳1.lie down 躺下to one’s (my/his/her...) surprise 令某人惊讶的是2.take one’s (my/your/his/her..) temperature 量体温3.take a break = take breaks 休息take a risk = take risks冒险4.run out 物做主语:The money ran out. 钱用光了。
run out of 人做主语:I ran out of money. 我用光了钱。
5.make a decision = make decisions 做决定6.be in control of 掌管He is in control of the company. 他掌管公司。
人教版英语八年级下册知识点

Unit 1 What’s the matter?一、重点短语1. have a fever 发烧2. have a cough 咳嗽3. have a toothache 牙疼4. have a sore back 背疼5. have a sore throat 喉咙痛6.have a cold 受凉;感冒7. have a nosebleed 流鼻血8.have a heart problem 有心脏病9.have a stomachache 胃疼10.have problems breathing 呼吸困难11. talk too much 说得太多12. drink enough water 喝足够的水13. lie down and rest 躺下来休息14. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶15. see a dentist 看牙医16. get an X-ray 拍X 光片17. take one’s temperature 量体温18. feel very hot 感到很热19. go along 沿着……走20. go to a doctor 看医生21. get off/on 下车/上车22. get into trouble 造成麻烦23. get into/out of 进入/从……出来24. be in control (of) 掌管;管理25.be out of control(of)失控26. thanks to 多亏了27. on the side of the road 在马路边28. shout for help 大声呼救29. put some medicine on sth. 在…上面敷药30. all weekend 整个周末31.put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎32. hurt oneself 受伤33. to one’s surprise 使....... 惊讶的34.fall down 摔倒35. without thinking twice 没有多想36. save a life 挽救生命37. put her head back 把她的头向后仰38. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖39. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事40. used to do过去常常41. in the same way 以同样的方式42. sound like 听起来像43. make a decision 做出决定44. because of 由于45. mountain climbing 登山运动46. feel sick 感到恶心47. in a difficult situation 在困境中48. take risks 冒险49. keep on doing sth. 继续做某事50. give up (doing) sth. 放弃51. run out (of) 用完;用尽52. in time 及时on time准时53. right away/at once 立刻54. so that 以便二、重点语法1.What’s th e matter(with sb)?怎么了?询问麻烦事或身体状况=What’s the trouble (with sb)?=What’s the problem (with sb)?=What’s up?=What’s your trouble/problem?2.1.) have a+名词,表示某种病have a cough咳嗽2.)sore也可表疾病have a sore back/throat背疼/喉咙痛3. need有两种词性,实义动词和情态动词实义动词:1. need sth 2. need (sb) to do 3. don’t need.....情态动词:1. need+原型2. Need I ....? 肯Yes,you must. 否No, you needn’t.4.see sb do sth看见某人做某事(强调全过程)see sb doing sth看见某人正在做某事(强调正在发生)5.expect sth期待某物agree with sb同意某人expect(sb) to do 期待做某事agree to do同意做某事expect+that从句期待agree+that从句6.have trouble/problems in doing sth 做某事有困难7.trouble用法:1).be in trouble处于困境2).get(sb) into trouble(使某人)陷入困境8.词组辨析:used to do过去常常be used to doing习惯于做9.so...that+从句如此...以至于so that为了,目的是引导目的状语从句(当主句主语与从句主语一致时可用in order to)Eg: He works hard so that he can succeed=He works hard in order to succeed.10.What’s the meaning of...?=What does...mean?....的意思是什么?11.反身代词:myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselvesteach oneself,enjoy oneself,dress oneself,introduce oneself,help oneself12.躺:lie-lay-lain-lying 说谎:lie-lied-lied-lying下蛋:lay-laid-laid-laying(规则的撒谎,不规则的躺,躺过就下蛋)Unit 2 I ’ll help to clean up the city parks.一、重点短语1. Clean-Up Day 清洁日2. an old people’s home 养老院3. help out with sth. 帮助解决困难4. used to do sth.过去常常做某事5. care for 关心;照顾6. the look of joy 快乐的表情7. at the age of 在......岁时8. clean up 打扫(或清除)干净9. cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振奋10. give out 分发;散发11. come up with 想出;提出12. make a plan 制订计划13. make some notices 做些公告牌14. try out 试用;试行15. work for 为…工作;为…. 效力16. put up 建造;举起;张贴17. hand out 分发;散发;发给18. call up 打电话;召集19. put off 推迟;延迟20. for example 比如;例如21. raise money 筹钱;募捐22. take after 与......相像;像23. give away 赠送;捐赠24. fix up 修理;修补;解决25. be similar to 与……相似26. set up 建立;设立27. disabled people 残疾人28. make a difference 影响;有作用29. be able to 能够30. after-school reading program课外阅读项目31.a feeling of satisfaction满足感32.several hours若干小时33.volunteer to do自愿做34.sick kids生病的孩子35.homeless people无家可归的人36.be busy with sth忙于37.disabled people残疾人38.a trained dog一只受过训的狗39.book lover爱书者40.think up想出二、重点语法1. notice sb do sth注意到某人做过某事,notice sb doing sth注意到某人正在做某事3.satisfaction用法:1.)satisfy v. satisfy sb 使某人满意2.)satisfied/satisfying adj. be satisfied with对...满意3.)satisfaction n. to one’s satisfaction令某人满意4.owner用法:1.)the owner of...的主人the owner of the shop 2.)one’s own+名词my own shop5. sick adj. 定语,表语sickness n.ill adj. 表语illness n. He is ill.=He is sick. Here is a sick dog.5.raise 及物动词rise 不及物动词The sun rises. Raise your hands.6.take after像(品质,外貌)look like像(外貌)7.imagine+动名词/名词/代词imagine sb doing8.have trouble/problems/difficulty in doing做某事有困难He has trouble in learning English.9.形容词+ness变名词:kind-kindness,ill-illness,sick- sickness, sad-sadness,happy-happiness,busy-business,fair-fairness10.句型辨析:It is clever/smart/kind/nice/friendly of sb to 某人做某事是...的It is +adj+for sb to do 做某事对某人来说是...的11.change one’s mind改变主意change green into yellow由绿变黄12.be interested in=have an interest in 对...感兴趣Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?一、重点短语1.go out for dinner 出去吃饭2. stay out late 在外面待到很晚3. go to the movies 看电影4. take sb. for a walk 带某人去散步5.all day/evening 整曰/夜6.do housework 做家务7. get a ride 搭车8. work on 从事9. finish doing sth. 完成做某事10. clean and tidy 干净整洁11. do the dishes 洗餐具12. take out the rubbish 倒垃圾13. fold the clothes 叠衣服14. sweep the floor 扫地15. make the bed 整理床铺16. as a result结果17. help out 帮忙18. get good grades取得好成绩19. throw down 扔下20.as soon as=the minute 一...就...21. come over 过来22.shout back 大声回应23.walk away 走开24.all the time 一直;总是25.share the housework 分担家务26. a comfortable home 一个舒适的家27.in surprise 惊讶地28. get something to drink 拿点喝的东西29.hang out 闲逛30. watch one show 观看一个节目31. pass sb. sth. 把某物传给某人32. lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人33. get sth. wet 使某物弄湿34. hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事35. do chores 做杂务36. help sb. (to ) do /with sth 帮助某人干某事37.bring a tent带顶帐篷来38. buy some snacks买些小吃39. go to the store去商店40. invite sb. to a party邀请某人参加聚会41. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事42. enough stress足够的压力43.a waste of time浪费时间44. in order to为了45. provide sb with sth=provide sth for sb46. mind doing sth. 介意做某事47. depend on依赖;依靠48. look after/take care of 照顾;照看49. develop children’s independence发展孩子的独立性50. do one’s part in (doing ) sth.做某人分内的事51. come home from school/ work放学/下班回家二、重点语法1.Could you please(not) do sth ?用于提出请求,希望得到对方肯定回答,语气较委婉。
人教版八年级下册各单元英语语法解析知识重点总结

新目标英语八年级(下)重点短语及句型总Unit 1 Will people have robots?1. fewer people 更少的人(fewer 修饰名词复数,表示否定)2. less free time 更少的空闲时间(less 修饰不可数名词,表示否定)3. in ten years 10年后(in 的时间短语用于将来时,提问用How soon)4. fall in love with … 爱上……例:When I met Mr. Xu for the first time, I fell inlove with him at once.当我第一次见到许老师,我立刻爱上他。
5. live alone 单独居住6. feel lonely 感到孤独(比较:live alone/ go alone 等)The girl walked alone along the street, but shedidn't feel lonely.那女孩独自沿着街道走,但她并不感到孤独。
7. keep/ feed a pet pig 养一头宠物猪8. fly to the moon 飞上月球9. hundreds of + 复数数百/几百(概数,类似还有thousands of;millions of)10. the same as 和……相同11. A be different from B A与B不同(= There is a difference/ Thgere aredifferences between A and B)12. wake up 醒来(wake sb. up 表示“唤醒某人”)13. get bored 变得厌倦(get/ become 是连系动词,后跟形容词如tired/angry/ excited 等)14. go skating 去滑冰(类似还有go hiking/ fishing /skating/ bike riding 等)15. lots of/ a lot of 许多(修饰可数名词、不可数名词都可以)16. at the weekends 在周末17. study at home on computers 在家通过电脑学习18. agree with sb. 同意某人(的意见)19. I don't agree. = I disagree. 我不同意。
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八年级英语下册语法知识复习1.should 情态动词,应该,应当,用于询问,提出建议,或表达职责和义务。
如:What should I do? You should have a talk with your parents。
could 也可以提出建议,比较委婉.如:You could write him a letter。
could还用于礼貌地请求,如:Could you please clean your room?否定句式:Could you please not do sth?其他常用情态动词:must必须,have to必须,不得不,may可能,可以,can能,会,可能,可以need需要。
情态动词+动词原形作谓语。
2.非谓语动词形式(一)动词不定式结构:to+动词原形或不带to。
否定:not+to do或not do句法功能:1)主语:常用it作形式主语,不定式为真正的主语:It is +形容词+for sb。
to do sth。
It is important to keep fit。
=To keep fit is important.2)宾语:(1)直接宾语:想,喜欢,希望:want, like, love,would like, hope, expect; 决定同意拒绝开始学习:decide, agree,refuse,begin, start, learn, 需要计划帮助提供:need,plan,help,offer+ to do(划线的动词还可以接doing)如:I’ll help to clean up the city parks。
(宾语)疑问词(what, who, which, where, when ,how,)+to do 作宾语I don’t know what to say。
我不知道说什么。
(2)宾补:tell,ask,want,wish,allow,invite,help,encourage,teach等+ sb。
to do (hope 不能接sb. to do)She asked me to say sorry. 她让我道歉.不带to的不定式作宾补:使役动词make/let/have sb。
do(3)用it作形式宾语:I think\find、、、+it+adj.+to do sth 如:I find it hard to learn English。
3)定语:放名词或代词后,如:a good way to do, the best time to do,a place to do,something to drink/eat。
4) 状语: 无固定搭配,常在完整句子后表目的。
如:You could visit the sick kids to cheer them up。
你可以看望生病的孩子来使他们高兴起来.5)表语:用在系动词后。
My dream is to become a scientist。
(二)、动名词doing1)。
只接doing不接to do的动词:finish,enjoy, keep,practice,mind, consider,put off,give up, feel like,be busy,have problems/difficulty/trouble/fun , can’t stop +doing2). 接to do与接doing意不同:stop/continue to do停下来/接着去做另一事stop/continuedoing停止/继续做某事, remember/ forget to do记得/忘记去做某事,remember/forgetdoing记得/忘记做了某事try to do努力去做某事try doing 尝试做某事3).接do与doing 意不同:感官动词see, hear,watch,notice + sb. do看见/听见/观看/注意到某人做了某事。
see,hear, watch, notice +sb。
doing 看见/听见/观看/注意到某人正在做某事。
4). 表示户外活动:go shopping, go skating 去溜冰,go fishing, go boating, go camping,go hiking,go bike riding, go swimming。
4). 动名词作主语时,谓语看作单数。
如:Listening to music makes me happy。
5)。
在介词后动词要加ing, 即介词+doing。
如:Thanks for helping me。
3。
发出请求和请求允许的句型Could you (please)+动词原形+、、、?请你、、、、好吗?(发出请求)肯定回答:Yes,I can. \ Yes,sure.\ No problem. 否定回答:Sorry,I can’t。
I’m afraid I can’t。
Could I +动词原形+、、、? 我可以、、、吗?(请求允许)肯定回答:Yes,you can. Yes, please。
否定回答:Sorry, you can’t。
I’m afraid you can’t. 以could开头的表示礼貌地发出请求或请求允许的疑问句,简略回答不能用could\couldn’t,要用can\can’t4.过去进行时:表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内进行或发生的动作。
1),结构:肯定句=主语+was/were+doing+其它否定句=主语+was/were+not+doing+其它一般疑问句=Was/Were+主语+doing+其它2),时间状语:last night, at this time of yesterday等;或者与when,while,as引导的过去时间状语连用3),when 当、、、的时候,引导的时间状语从句可用一般过去时或过去进行时;可以和非延续性动词连用(begin to rain非延续性),表示点时间;也可以和延续性动词连用,表示段时间.I was waiting for the bus when it began to rain heavily。
当开始下大雨的时候,我正在等公交车。
When I was waiting for the bus,it began to rain heavily.当我正在等公交车时,开始下大雨了。
while 当..。
时,引导的从句只能用进行时态,和延续性动词连用,表示段时间。
当复合句的主句和从句都用过去进行时,连词只能用while不能用when。
如:My mother was cooking dinner while my father was reading a newspaper.可归纳为以下主从时态结构:过去进行时+when+一般过去时一般过去时+when/while+过去进行时过去进行时+while+过去进行时4)主从句判断方法:连词引导的是从句,另一个就是主句.主从位置不限定前后,若从句在前,中间用逗号隔开。
主句从句各有自己的主谓结构。
5。
连词与状语从句:1)until 直到。
用于肯定句,与延续性动词连用;not 、、、until ,直到、、才,否定句中,引导时间状语从句。
如:I studied until midnight. = I didn't stop studying until midnight。
2)so that 以便、为了,引导目的状语从句,且从句常含有情态动词(can,could,should 等)You should talk to him so that you can say you’re sorry。
3)so+形容词+that从句,如此、、、以至于,引导结果状语从句。
当主句和从句的主语一致,且从句是肯定句时,so …that与enough to可转换;当从句时否定句时,so… that与too to可转换He is so strong that he can carry the box。
= He is strong enough to carry the box. 他那么壮,能搬动这个箱子。
He is so weak that he can’t carry the box. =He is too weak to carry the box。
他那么弱,搬不动这个箱子.such+(a/an)+形容词+名词+that从句, 如:This is such an interesting book that I can’t put it down。
4)as soon as一、、、就、、、引导时间状语从句。
谈论将来的事,时态要“主将从现”。
如:I will call you as soon as I get home。
我一到家就给你打电话.谈论过去的事,主从都用过去时。
5)unless连词,除非,如果不=if not . 时态符合“主将从现”You will be late unless you hurry up。
= If you don’t hurry up,you will be late。
你将迟到,除非你快点。
6)although=though=even though,尽管,即使,虽然.引导让步状语从句,与but 不能连用. 7)whether… or… 不管、、、还是, 引导让步状语从句。
6. 数词知识:1)1000以上的基数词的读法,从右开始数,每隔三位数加一个逗号:第一个逗号thousand(千),第二个million(百万),第三个billion(十亿)nine million,six hundred thousand注意:hundred后通常加and,十位数和个位数之间加连字符—,小数点读作point,小数点后的数一一读。
2)确数:基数词+hundred\thousand\million 。
百/千/百万(前有数字后无s与of)如:four thousand概数:hundreds\thousands\millions +of 数以百计/。
(前无数字后加s与of)3)分数的表达方式:分子\分母=基数词\序数词(当分子大于1,分母加s)three quarters=three fourths 四分之三7.形容词、副词的等级:原级:只描述一个人或事物,原级前可用very,quite,so, really等修饰。
as+adj或adv。
原级+as:和、、、一样,否定结构:not as\as+adj或adv。
原级+as: 不如8. 现在完成时(一):表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。