2014年catti二级笔译综合能力试题及答案解析(三)
英语二级笔译2014年真题+答案解析
2014年11月CATTI二级笔译实务真题英译汉passage1WATERLOO, Belgium—The region around this Belgian city is busily preparing to commemorate the 200th anniversary in 2015 of one of the major battles in European military history. But weaving a path through the preparations is proving almost as tricky as making one’s way across the battlefield was back then, when the Duke of Wellington, as commander of an international alliance of forces, crushed Napoleon.比利时滑铁卢——2015年，这座比利时小镇热闹非凡，人们正在紧锣密鼓地筹备滑铁卢战役200周年的纪念活动。
滑铁卢战役是欧洲军事史上重大战役之一。
在筹备现场迂回行进，其难度决不亚于在滑铁卢战场上奋勇前进。
当时，联军统帅威灵顿公爵击败了拿破仑。
1. “The region around this Belgian city/ is busily preparing to commemorate the 200th anniversary in 2015 /of one of the major battles in European military history.”这句话很长，需要划分。
我们看到时间一般可以最先翻译，所以2015年可以先翻出来，“这座比利时小镇热闹非凡”是译者添加了一些形容词。
也可以像韩刚老师翻译的：“比利时滑铁卢的周边地区正在为2015年滑铁卢战役200周年纪念活动进行紧锣密鼓的筹备”但是感觉这句话稍微有一点长。
2004-2014.CATTI笔译实务三级标准答案
2004-2014.CATTI笔译实务三级参考答案2004.5如果你从未见过一座发电厂，你可能很难想象发电设备是多么复杂，锅炉能产生多么巨大的热量，而炉子每天又是需要烧多少煤。
举例说，我们的一座发电厂——摩根顿发电厂——的各台锅炉一天中就能把二千四百万加仑的水化为蒸汽。
这座电厂的炉子一天之内就消耗九千九百吨煤。
波多马克电力公司(PEPCO)用煤量如此巨大，以致我们专门购置了两列八十节车皮的火车以加速输送煤的过程。
仅仅一座摩根顿电厂就能每天生产二千五百万千瓦小时的电。
电是靠使大型磁铁在发电机内的线圈里面转动而产生的。
磁铁转速愈高，产生的电压就愈高。
电流从波多马克电力公司的发电机出来时，其电压在13,800伏至24,000伏之间。
下一道程序是使电流通过一个变压器，把电压提升，并使电继续向前进。
一根导线就象一根小口径的水管。
把电压升高就象给水加压一样，这样一来就会使这个系统中能量的运动加快。
由于飞机制造工业需要越来越多的铝板，已设计了新的设备把制造铝板的工序自动化。
这套设备包括一个巨型的热处理炉，一架可以起吊热的金属板而不至于损坏它们的吊车和一套能控制整个工艺流程的计算机系统。
五年前，欧洲的飞机制造工业每年只需要8,000吨铝板。
去年这个数字增加到21,800吨。
到2004年它将达到30,000吨。
每架民航飞机就含有180吨铝板。
因此正在对这套设备进行改建，以便提高产品的质量和产量。
铝与其他金属一起被制成合金，铸成锭子，并且把锭子的表面光洁化。
预热之后，锭子在一架可以容纳3.75米宽的平板的轧机中进行轧制。
这套新设备可使这个工序提高效率，并能改进产品的质量。
举例说，铝板加热的温度，铝板通过轧机的速度，以及用水对它进行冷却的速度等等，都由计算机控制。
由于工序全部自动化和使用计算机控制，这套新设备能够处理两倍于被它代替的旧设备的产量。
On the Cultivation of the ImaginationI address these words in favor of the cultivation of the imagination.In what sense, then, do I use th6 word "imagination"? The meaning of "imagination" is "the power of forming ideal pictures"; "the power of representing absent things to ourselves and to others."That is the sense in which I shall use the word "imagination" in the course of my address.Now follow out this thought and I think I can make my meaning clear. Absent things! Take history. History deals with the things of the past. They are absent in a sense, from your minds -- that is to say you cannot see them; but the study of history qualifies you and strengthens your capacity for understanding things that are not present to you, and thus I wish to recommend history to you as a most desirable course of study.2004.5修正版按照法律规定，在英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士，家长一定要使自己的孩子在5岁至16岁期间在学校或其它地方接受全日制教育，在北爱尔兰则为4岁至16岁。
catti 2014真题
当前，全球能源版图出现重大变化，页岩气等非常规油气异 军突起，美国和西半球成为能源重要供应地。 A:Now,the global energy territory changes a lot,and with the appearance of uncommon gas which includes shale gas the United States and the western hemisphere have become the important places of energy supply. B:Major changes are taking place in the global energy landscape. With the emergence and rapid growth of nonconventional sources of oil and gas such as shale gas, the United States and the western hemisphere have become major energy producers.
同时，各国应改善能源结构，加强先进能源技术的研发和推 广，大力发展清洁和可再生能源，在相关领域积极开展国际 合作。 A:Meanwhile,countries should improve the structure of energy, enhance the research and extension of advanced energy technology,develop clean and renewable energy,and cooperate in the relevant fields.
国际社会应树立互利合作、多元发展、协同保障的新能源安全观， 共同稳定能源等大宗商品价格、防止过度投机和炒作，保障各国特 别是发展中国家能源需求，维护能源市场正常秩序。 A:The international society should set up a new energy security concept of mutually cooperation,diverse development and synergia guarantee.And it should stabilize the prices of energy and prevent excessive speculation and hype to guarantee the energy supply of all countries particularly developing countries and to maintain normal order of energy market. B:The international community should foster a new energy security outlook featuring mutually beneficial cooperation, diversified development and coordinated supply. Joint efforts should be made to stabilize the prices of energy and other commodities and prevent excessive speculation and market hype, so as to meet the energy demands of all countries, particularly the developing countries, and maintain order in the energy market.
2014年catti二级笔译实务考试试题(三)
catti二级笔译实务考试试题(三)一、English-Chinese Translation （本大题3小题．每题30.0分，共90.0分。
Translate the following passage（s） into Chinese ）第1题The Dreadlock DeadlockIn the fall of 1993 Christopher Polk transferred from FedEx's hub in Indianapolis to take over a delivery route in Flatbush District, Brooklyn, N.Y. But moving to the country's largest community of Caribbean and African immigrants only precipitated a far more profound journey. "I was becoming culturally aware of the history of the black people," says Polk, now 31, "and that gave me these spiritual questions." His answer came providentially, by way of a music video featuring Lord Jamai, who raps about the Rastafarian belief in the sanctity of dreadlocks —the cords of permanently interlocked strands first worn by African chiefs perhaps 6,000 years ago.Now a practicing Rastafarian, Polk sports thick garlands that gently cascade onto his shoulders. "Your hair is your covenant," he says. "Once you grow your locks, it puts you on a path."Unfortunately, that path was a collision course with Federal Express's grooming policy, which requires men to confine their dos to "a reasonable style". After years of deliberation, Polk's bosses gave him a choice: shear his locks or be transferred to a lower-paid job with no customer contact. He refused both options and was terminated in June 2000.His tale is not unique. Although Rastafarians number about 5,000 nationally, today dreadlocks, twists or braids are at the height of fashion, nearly as common as Afros were 30 years ago. If Afros symbolized militancy, dreads signal a more spiritual self-declaration, a figurative locking with African ancestors. As Stanford professor Kennell Jackson, who teaches a course called "African Coiffures and Their New World Legacies" puts it, "There's a divinity to these locks."Divine or not, some employers consider them unacceptably outré. Six other New York-area FedEx employees have lost their jobs because of dreadlocks. They have sued, alleging religious discrimination; the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission and New York's attorney general have also charged FedEx with violating religious protections in the Civil Rights Act.The dreadlock deadlock may be easing. FedEx altered its policy slightly a few weeks ago: in the future, observant employees who seek a waiver may wear their locks tucked under uniform hats, says a company spokeswoman. The concession isn't enough to settle the lawsuits yet. The EEOC also wants reinstatement for the fired drivers, says trial attorney Michael Ranis. He's optimistic. Some new styles, he knows, grow more appealing over time.【正确答案】：“骇人”长发绺的僵局1993年秋季，联邦快递职员克里斯托夫·波尔科由印地安诺波利斯市的公司总部调职到纽约市的布鲁克林，负责弗拉特布什区的一个投递线路。
2014年11月二级笔译CATTI真题英译汉出处 2014.11.09
2014年11月二级笔译CATTI真题英译汉出处出自纽约时报WATERLOO, Belgium — The region around this Belgian city is busily preparing to commemorate the 200th anniv ersary in 2015 of one of the major battles in European military history. But weav ing a path through the preparations is prov ing almost as tricky as making one‟s way across the battlef ield was back then, when the Duke of Wellington, as commander of an international alliance of f or ces, crushed Napoleon.A rambling though dilapidated f armstead called Hougoumont, which was crucial to the battle‟s outcome, is being painstakingly restored as an educational center. Nearby, an underground v isitor center is under construction, and roads and monuments throughout the rolling f armland where once the sides f ought are being ref urbished. More than 6,000 military buffs are expected to re-enact indiv idual skirmishes.While the battle ended two centuries ago, howev er, hard f eelings hav e endured. Memories are long here, and not ev ery one here shares Britain‟s enthusiasm for celebrating Napoleon‟s def eat.Ev ery y ear, in districts of Wallonia, the French-speaking part of Belgium, there are f etes to honor Napoleon, according to Count Georges Jacobs de Hagen, a prominent Belgian industrialist and chairman of a committee responsible f or restoring Hougoumont. “Napoleon, f or these people, was v ery popular,” Mr. Jacobs, 73, said ov er coffee. “That is why, still today, there are some e nemies of the project.”Belgium, of course, did not exist in 1815. Its Dutch-speaking regions were part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, while the French-speaking portion had been incorporated into the French Empire. Among French speakers, Mr. Jacobs said, Napoleon had a “huge inf luence —the administration, the Code Napoléon,” or ref orm of the legal system. While Dutch-speaking Belgians f ought under Wellington, French speakers f ought with Napoleon.That distaste on the part of modern-day French speakers crystallized in resistance to a British proposal that, as part of the restoration of Hougoumont, a memorial be raised to the British soldiers who died def ending its narrow North Gate at a critical moment on June 18, 1815, when Wellington carried the day. “Ev ery discussion in the committee was f illed with high sensitiv ity,” Mr. Jacobs recalled. “I said, …This is a condition f or the help of the British,‟ so the North Gate won the battle, and we got the monument.”If Belgium was reluctant to get inv olv ed, France was at f irst totally uninterested. “They told us, …We don‟t want to take par t in this British triumphalism,‟ ” said Countess Nathalie du Parc Locmaria, a writer and publicist who is president of a committee representing f our townships that own the land where the battle raged. As in the case of the North Gate memorial, howev er, persistence paid off.Prince Charles Napoleon, 62, a French politician and direct descendant of Jerome Napoleon —Bonaparte‟s brother, who also f ought at Waterloo —agreed to join a ceremony on the f irst of four day s of ev ents, to shake hands with the eighth Duke of Wellington, the 98-y ear-old head of his f amily, and Prince Blücher v on Wahlstatt, a direct descendant of the f ield marshal who commanded Prussian f orces in the battle. The French ambassador to Belgium was won ov er as an honorary member of the organizing committee.Now the North Gate is but a wire mesh enclosure in a rambling brick and stone wall, though its wooden doors —the f amed “chestnut barrier” —will be reconstructed exactly as they were when French and British troops f ought f uriously for control, which meant also control of the f arm buildings. Ev entually, after bloody, hand-to-hand combat, the British troops managed to shut the doors, ultimately breaking Napoleon‟s adv ance and ensuring Wellington‟s victory. Next to them, the controv ersial British memorial, a dark marbl e copy of the gate, will arise.The word triumphal, or v ariations thereof, comes up frequently in discussions here, but the Britons inv olv ed v igorously deny hav ing entertained a single triumphalist thought.“In no way will this be Anglocentric or triumphalist in any way,” said Michael Mitchell, an aircraft consultant who v olunteers as secretary of the organizing committee. “We nev er talk about a celebration, but a commemoration,” said Mr. Mitchell, the son of a Britis h f ather and Belgian mother whose ancestor Col. Hugh Mitchell f ought on Wellington‟s right f lank. “Many brav e men died,” he said. “All the belligerents play ed an incredibly impressiv e role.”If the temptation to triumphalism did exist on the British side, it would be odd, since most of the soldiers who f ough t under Wellingtonwere not British. Though he commanded 25,000 English, Scottish and Irish regulars, his f orce also consisted of 26,000 Germans and 17,000 Dutch, while Field Marshal Blücher mustered 50,000 Prussian troops.For Germany, the ev ents are welcome. Next year, commemorations will mark the 100th anniv ersary of the outbreak of World War I, but unlike that war the Napoleonic wars are not something the Germans may f eel they hav e to apologize f or. Margaret Pollmeier, a spokeswoman f or the German Embassy in Brussels, said in an e-mail that “in any ev ent, the embassy plans to participate in the commemoration on June 18, 2015.” Since 2011, the German ambassador has been an honorary member of the Hougoumont committee; his military attaché hopes to restore some or all of f our memorials to German units on the battlef ield.Ov er the centuries, the Wellington f amily has taken a keen interest in the battlef ield. The present duke, said Mr. Mitchell, “in f ine f amily tradition, takes, I won‟t say a proprietary, but a close ey e on the battlef ields.” Sev eral times, most recently in 1973, the duke interv ened successf ully when the local authorities planned to extend a superhighway across the battlef ields.In 2000, a group of Belgian taxpay ers brought suit, demanding that the gov ernment rescind an agreement dating back to just after the battle under which the Duke of Wellington was giv en the rights to 2,600 acres around the battlef ield. The lands were bringing in about $160,000 annually f or the Wellington f amily, and the taxpay ers argued it was time to end the arrangement. The case stagnated until 2009, when the f inance minister, Didier Rey nders, told Parliament that the gov ernment had no intention of backing out of its commitment, which was anchored in the 1839 Treaty of London guaranteeing the independence of Belgium.Of course, if the Wellingtons continue to benef it f rom the lands, so do the communities around Waterloo. In good y ears about 300,000 people v isit the battlef ield, though recently the number has f allen as word of the restoration work got out. Clearly, the organizers hope that the f arm‟s rev iv al and the new v isitor center will raise the numbers, perhaps as high as 500,000 a y ear. In discussions, organizers f requently mention Gettysburg, which attracts more than two million people a y ear.But the economy is only part of the picture. “Our concern is the experience of the v isitor,” Ms. Du Parc said. “What is the m essage? What is the legacy, what purpose does it serv e?” She contrasted the Napoleonic wars with World W ar I, which was f ollowed only two decades later by an ev en greater war.Mr. Jacobs agreed. “Still today, y ou f ind Belgians on both sides,” he said, “but thanks to the British this f oolish Napoleoni c experience was brought to an end. It changed the history of Europe.”“It brought a hundred y ears of peace,” he said.第二篇Bay er cares about the bees.Or at least that‟s what they tell y ou at the company‟s Bee Care Center on its sprawling campus here between Düsseldorf and Cologne. Outside the cozy two-story building that houses the center is a whimsical y ellow sculpture of a bee. Inside, the same image is f ashioned into paper clips, or printed on napkins and mugs.“Bay er is strictly committed to bee health,” said Gillian Mansf ield, an official specializing in strategic messaging at the c ompany‟s Bay er CropScience div ision. She was sitting at the center‟s s emicircular coff ee bar, which has a f ormidable espresso maker and, if y ou ask, homegrown Bay er honey. On the surrounding walls, bee f un facts are written in English, like “A bee can f ly at roughly 16 miles an hour” or, it takes “nectar f rom some two million f lowers in order to produce a pound of honey.” Next y ear, Bay er will open another Bee Care Center in Raleigh, N.C., and has not ruled out more in other parts of the world.There is, of course, a slight cav eat to all this buzzy good will.Bay er is one of the major producers of a ty pe of pesticide that the European Union has linked to the large-scale die-off s of honey bee populations in North America and Western Europe. They are known as neonicotinoids, a relativ ely new nicotine-deriv ed class of pesticide. The pesticide was banned this y ear f or use on many f lowering crops in Europe that attract honey bees.Bay er and two competitors, Sy ngenta and BASF, hav e disagreed v ocif erously with the ban, and are f ighting in the European courts to ov erturn it —leading o ne adv ocacy group, Corporate Europe Observ atory, to call the three companies “the bee killers.”The Env ironmental Protection Agency has said its “scientif ic conclusions are similar to those expressed” by European regulato rs, but has not seen enough grounds to put into effect its own ban. An internal E.P.A. document leaked in 2010 said the “major risk concern” ofone of the pesticides, Bay er‟s clothianidin, which is used to coat cotton and mustard seeds, “is to nontarget insects (that i s, honey bees),” calling it “highly toxic.” A coalition of beekeepers and env ironmental groups is suing the agency to press f or a ban.Not ev ery one believ es Bay er cares about bees.Hans Muilerman, a chemicals expert at Pesticide Action Network Europe, an env ironmental group, ac cused Bay er of doing “almost any thing that helps their products remaining on the market. Massiv e lobby ing, hiring P.R. f irms to f rame and spin, inv iting commissioners to show their plants and their sustainability.”“Since they learned people care about bees, they are happy to start the ty pe of actions y ou mention, …bee care centers‟ and such,” he said.There is a bad guy lurking at the Bee Care Center —a killer of bees, if y ou will. It‟s just not a pesticide.Bay er‟s culprit in the my sterious mass deaths o f bees can be f ound around the corner f rom the coffee bar. Looming next to another sculpture of a bee is a sculpture of a parasite known as a v arroa mite, which resembles a gargantuan cooked crab with spiky hair.The v arroa, sometimes called the v ampire mite, appears to be chasing the bee next to it, which already has a smaller mite stuck to it. And in case the message was not clear, images of the mites, which are actually quite small, f lash on a screen at the center.While others point at pesticides, Bay er has f unded research that blames mites f or the bee die-off. And the center combines resources f rom two of the company‟s div isions, Bay er CropScience and Bay er Animal Health, to f urther study the mite menace.“The v arroa is the biggest threat we hav e” said Manuel Tritschler, 28, a third-generation beekeeper who works f or Bay er. “It‟s v ery easy see to them, the mites, on the bees,” he said, holding a test tube with dead mites suspended in liquid. “They suck the bee bl ood, f rom the adults and f rom the larv ae, and in this way they transport a lot of diff erent pathogens, v irus, bacteria, fungus to the bees,” he said. Conv eniently, Bay er markets products to kill the mites too — one is called CheckMite —and Mr. Tritschler‟s work at the center included helping desi gn a “gate” to affix to hiv es that coats bees with such chemical compounds.There is no disputing that v arroa mites are a problem, but Mr. Muilerman said they could not be seen as the only threat.The v arroa mite “cannot explain the massiv e die-off on its own,” he said. “We think the bee die-off is a result of exposure to multiple stressors.”While some bees die in the winter, unusually large-scale die-offs were f irst noticed in 2006 and hav e been called “colony collapse disorder” by scientists. In 2007, a United States gov ernment panel said in that first y ear‟s winter, “as much as 50 percent of all colonies were reportedly lost, demonstrating sy mptoms inconsistent with mite damage, or any other known causes of death.”Western Europe also experienced steep declines and banned neonicotinoids in settings mostly likely to contaminate bees after the European Food Saf ety Authority raised concerns. The ban will be rev iewed af ter two y ears.While honey bees are susceptible to many threats, like beetles and bacterial diseases, a growing body of research has focused on neonicotinoids. In October, a study in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences examined how Bay er‟s clothianidin “adv ersely affects the insect immune response and promotes replication of a v iral pathogen in honey bees bearing cov ert inf ections.”Ms. Mansf ield, the Bay er official, did not broadly dispute such studies. “But they are, at the end of the day, laboratory res ults,” she said. “They are carried out in the laboratory quite of ten at doses that are not replicable or appropriate f or use in the f ield, in v ery laboratory controlled conditions.”Back at the center — which has its own T witter f eed — there is the bee, and there is the mite.Mr. Tritschler, who learned beekeeping f rom his f ather and grandf ather, took a reporter through an apiary that houses nine colonies of Bay er bees, hibernating last month in wooden boxes, some 10,000 to 15,000 a colony. He pulled out one of the head-to-toe body suits associated with beekeepers, but he does not wear one. His unif orm was dark jeans and a turtleneck sweater.Twenty v arroa mites, he said, can turn into 1,200 in a matter of months. “Only one mite is necessary to kill more or less a whole colony,” he added.Standing nearby, Utz Klages, a corporate spokesman, said “we hav e all the experts here.”红色为真题部分有少量删改。
catti二级笔译综合能力试题精选及答案解析
catti二级笔译综合能力试题精选及答案解析一、Vocabulary Selection（本大题1小题．每题1.0分，共1.0分。
In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are four words or phrases respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only one right answer. ）第1题The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of the body of a runner, ________ to the body.A the stress it is greaterB greater is the stressC greater stress isD the greater the stress【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】固定用法。
the+比较级，the+比较级。
二、Vocabulary Replacement（本大题11小题．每题1.0分，共11.0分。
This part consists of 15 sentences in which one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence, there are four choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. You are to select the ONE choice that can replace the underlined word without causing any grammatical error or changing the principal meaning of the sentence. There is only one right answer. ）第1题The thief was apprehended, but his accomplice had disappeared.A people who saw himB the person who helped himC guns and knivesD stolen goods模考吧网提供最优质的模拟试题，最全的历年真题，最精准的预测押题！【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】名词辨析。
2005-2014年CATTI英语二级《笔译实务》真题全集
2005年11月英语二级《笔译实务》试题Section 1: English-Chinese Translation（英译汉）Part A Compulsory Translation（必译题）Hans Christian Andersen was Denmark's most famous native son. Yet even after his fairy tales won him fame and fortune, he feared he would be forgotten. He need not have worried. This weekend, Denmark began eight months of celebrations to coincide with the bicentenary of his birth, and Denmark is eager that the world take note as it sets out to define the pigeon-holed writer in its own way.The festivities began in Copenhagen on Saturday, Andersen's actual birthday, with a lively show of music, dance, lights and comedy inspired by his fairy tales before a crowd of 40,000people -- including Queen Margre the II and her family -- at the Parken National Stadium. The opening, called Once Upon a Time, will be followed by a slew of concerts, musicals, ballets, exhibitions, parades and education programs costing over US$40 million.So more than in recent memory, Danes -- and, they hope, foreigners -- will be reliving the humor, pain and lessons to be found in evergreen stories like The Little Mermaid, The Emperor's New Clothes, The Ugly Duckling, The Little Match-Seller, The Steadfast Tin Soldier, The Shadow, The Princess and the Pea and others of Andersen's 150 or so fairy tales.In organizing this extravaganza, of course, Denmark is also celebrating itself. After all, Andersen is still this country's most famous native son. Trumpeting his name and achievements not only draws attention to Denmark's contribution to world culture, but could also woo more foreign tourists to visit his birthplace in the town of Odense and to be photographed beside the famous bronze statue of the Little Mermaid in Copenhagen's harbor.And Denmark has even more in mind. Local guardians of the Andersen legacy evidently feel his stories have lost ground in recent years to the likes of J.R.R. Tolkien's Lord of the Rings and J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter. Andersen's fairy tales may remain central to the Danish identity, serving as homespun guides to the vagaries of human behavior, but what about the rest of the world? "What we really need is a rebirth of Andersen," noted Lars Seeberg, secretary general of the Hans Christian Andersen 2005 Foundation. "Two centuries after his birth, he still fails to be universally acknowledged as the world-class author he no doubt was.Part B Optional Translation（二选一题）Topic 1（选题一）Independent Information and Analysis from the USAThe Gap between Rich and Poor Widened in U.S. Capital Washington D.C. ranks first among the40 cities with the widest gap between the poor and the rich, according to a recent report released by the D.C. Fiscal Policy Institute on July 22nd. The top 20 percent of household in D.C. have an average yearly income of $186,830, 31 times that of the bottom 20 percent, which earns only $6,126 per year. The income gap is also big in Atlanta and Miami, but the difference is not as pronounced.The report also indicates that the widening gap occurred mainly during the 1990s. Over the last decade, the average income of the top 20 percent of households has grown 36 percent, while the average income of the bottom 20 percent has only risen 3 percent."I believe the concentration of the middle- to high-income families in the D.C. area will continue, therefore, the income gap between rich and poor will be hard to bridge," David Garrison told the Washington Observer. Garrison is a senior researcher with the Brookings Institution, specializing in the study of the social and economic policies in the greater Washington D.C. area.The report attributed the persistent income gap in Washington to the area's special job opportunities, which attract high-income households. Especially since the federal government is based in Washington D.C., Government agencies and other government related businesses such as lobbying firms and government contractors constantly offer high-paying jobs, which contribute to the trend of increasing high-income households in the D.C. area. For example, a single young professional working in a law firm in D.C. can earn as much as $100,000 in his or her first year out of law school."In addition, high-quality housing available in Washington D.C. is one of the main reason swhy high-income families choose to live here, while middle and low-income families, if they can afford it, choose to move out of Washington D.C. to the Virginia and Maryland suburbs so that their kids can go to better schools," stated Garrison."As rich families continue to move into D.C. and middle and low-income families are moving out, the poorest families are left with nowhere to move, or cannot afford to move. This creates the situation we face now: a huge income gap between the rich and poor."The Washington D.C. area to which Garrison refers is the District of Columbia city itself, not including the greater Washington metro area. "The greater Washington metro area has a large population of about 5 million, but the low-income households are often concentrated in D.C. proper," Garrison explained. Tony Blalock, the spokesperson for Mayor Anthony Williams, said resignedly, "No matter what we seem to do to bring investment into the District, a certain population is not able to access the unique employment opportunities there. The gap between the rich and poor is the product of complex forces, and won't be fixed overnight."Garrison believes that the D.C. government should attract high-income families. By doing so, the District's tax base can grow, which in turn can help improve D.C.'s infrastructure. "But in the meantime, the District government should also take into consideration the rights of the poor, set up good schools for them, and provide sound social welfare. All these measures can alleviate the dire situation caused by income disparity. "Garrison, however, is not optimistic about the possibility of closing the gap between the rich and poor. He is particularly doubtful that current economic progress will be able to help out the poor. "Bush's tax-cut plan did bring about this wave of economic recovery, and the working professionals and rich did benefit from it. It is unfair to say that the plan did not help the poor at all… it just didn't benefit them as much as it did the rich, " Garrison said. "The working class in America, those who do the simplest work, get paid the least, and dutifully pay their taxes, has not benefited from Bush's tax-cut plan much." Garrison concludes, "A lot of cities in America did not enjoy the positive impact of the economic recovery. Washington D.C., on the other hand, has always been sheltered by the federal government. The wide gap between rich and poor in the District, therefore, deserves more in-depth study and exploration."Topic 2（选题二）Sometimes you can know too much. The aim of screening healthy people for cancer is to discover tum ours when they are small and treatable. It sounds laudable and often it is. But it sometimes leads to unnecessary treatment. The body has a battery of mechanisms for stopping small tum ours from becoming large ones. Treating those that would have been suppressed anyway does no good and can often be harmful.Take lung cancer. A report in this week's Journal of the American Medical Association, by Peter Bach of the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Centre in New York and his colleagues, suggests that, despite much fanfare around theuse of computed tomography (CT) to detect tum ours in the lungs well before they cause symptoms, the test may not reduce the risk of dying from the disease at all—indeed, it may make things worse.The story begins last year, when Claudia Henschke of Cornell University and her colleagues made headlines with a report that patients whose lung cancer had been diagnosed early by CT screening had excellent long-term survival prospects. Her research suggested that 88% of patients could expect to be alive ten years after their diagnosis. Dr Bach found similar results ina separate study. In his case, 94% of patients diagnosed with early-stage lung cancer were alive four years later.Survival data alone, though, fail to answer a basic question: “com pared with what?” People are bound to live longer after their diagnosis if that diagnosis is made earlier. Early diagnosis is of little value unless it results in a better prognosis.Dr Bach, therefore, interrogated his data more thoroughly. He used statistical models based on results from studies of lung cancer that did not involve CT screening, to try to predict what would have happened to the individuals in his own study if they had not been part of that study. The results were not encouraging.Screening did, indeed, detect more tum ours. Over the course of five years, 144 cases of lung cancer were picked up in a population of 3,200, compared with a predicted number of 44.Despite these early diagnoses, though, there was no reduction in the number of people who went on to develop advanced cancer, nor a significant drop in the number who died of the disease (38, compared with a prediction of 39). Considering that early diagnosis prompted at enfold increase in surgery aimed at removing the cancer (the predicted number of surgical interventions was 11; the actual number was 109), and that such surgery is unsafe—5% of patients die and another 20-40% suffer serious complications—the whole process seems to make things worse.Section 2: Chinese-English Translation（汉译英）Part A25年来，中国坚定不移地推进改革开放，社会主义市场经济体制初步建立，开放型经济已经形成，社会生产力和综合国力不断增强，各项社会事业全面发展，人民生活总体上实现了由温饱到小康的历史性跨越。
2014年catti二级口译综合能力试题精选(三)
catti二级口译综合能力试题精选(三)一、Part Ⅰ（A）（共10小题,共20.0分）Listen to the following passage and then decide whether the statements below are true or false. After hearing a short passage, tick the circle of "True" on the answer sheet if you think the statement is true, or tick the circle for "False" if it is false. There are 10 statements in this part of the test, with 1 point each. You will hear the passage only once. At the end of the recording, you will have 2 minutes to finish this part.第1题Millions of books and an Internet-based campus network are available for the University staff and students.【正确答案】：√【本题分数】：2.0分【答案解析】[听力原文]To support research and scholarship, the University has a library of two million books. A high-speed campus network connects thousands ofinter-working computers and servers used by staff and students with each other and with the Internet.[分析] 语义的理解和判断。
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catti二级笔译综合能力试题及答案解析(三)
一、Vocabulary Selection（本大题14小题．每题1.0分，共14.0分。
In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are four words or phrases respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only one right answer. ）
第1题
The explanation given by the manager yesterday was not at all ________ to us.
A satisfy
B satisfied
C satisfactory
D satisfying
【正确答案】：C
【本题分数】：1.0分
【答案解析】
同义辨析。
satisfactory令人满意的：The result of the match was highly satisfactory．比赛结果非常令人满意。
satisfy使满足：I offered him $1,000 to keep quiet，but that did not satisfy him and he wanted even more．我给了他一千美元让他保持沉默，但他并不满足，他还要更多的钱。
satisfied满意的，满足的：I'm not fully satisfied with the standard of your work．我对你的工作水准不太满意。
satisfying令人满意的，使人满意的：It's an immensely satisfying job．这是一个非常令人满意的工作。
第2题
No one appreciated his work during his lifetime, but________it is clear that he was a great artist.
A in the aftermath
B by the time
C in retrospect
D in this eventuality
【正确答案】：C
【本题分数】：1.0分
【答案解析】
习语辨析。
in retrospect回顾，回顾往事：review one's work of the past years in retrospect回顾个人以往几年的工作。
aftermath(不幸事件造成的)后果，余波：the danger of disease in the aftermath地震后引发疫病的危险。
by the time到……的时候。
Eventuality可能发生的事或结果，不测事件：We must be prepared for all eventualities．我们必须做好应付各种情况的准备。
第3题
Americans who consider themselves ________in the traditional sense do not usually hesitate to heap criticism in domestic matters over what they believe is oppressive or wasteful.
A pedestrian
B penchant
C patriotic
D patriarch
【正确答案】：C
【本题分数】：1.0分
【答案解析】
形近识别。
patriotic爱国的；pedestrian行人；penchant爱好，嗜好；patriarch 极受尊重的年老男子。
第4题
This silk has gone right ________ and we have not sold a single piece of it for weeks.
A out of fad
B out of pattern
C out of custom
D out of fashion
【正确答案】：D
【本题分数】：1.0分
【答案解析】。