【经济学(双语)】【PrinciplesofEconomics】
经济学原理英文版第九版课程设计
Principles of Economics, 9th Edition: Course Design Course OverviewThe Principles of Economics course is designed to introduce students to the fundamental concepts of economics. Students will learn about microeconomics, which studies the behavior of individual economic actors such as consumers and firms, and macroeconomics, which focuses on the aggregate behavior of the entire economy. The course is based on the 9th edition of Principles of Economics, written by N. Gregory Mankiw.The course is divided into 14 modules, with each module covering a different topic. The first part of the course covers microeconomics, while the second part focuses on macroeconomics. The modules are designed to build upon each other, so that students can develop a clear understanding of the concepts and theories that underpin economic behavior.Learning ObjectivesAt the end of this course, students will be able to:1.Expln the basic concepts of economics and how they relate toreal-world situations2.Analyze the behavior of individual economic actors such asconsumers, firms, and markets3.Understand the factors that influence the level of economicactivity and growth in the economy4.Evaluate fiscal and monetary policy and their effects on theeconomyCourse ContentModule 1: Ten Principles of EconomicsThis module introduces students to the ten basic principles of economics, such as how people make decisions and how markets work.Module 2: Thinking Like an EconomistThis module teaches students how to think like an economist, including how to make assumptions, use graphs, and analyze data.Module 3: Interdependence and the Gns from TradeThis module explores the concepts of interdependence and trade, and how countries can benefit from specialization and trade.Module 4: The Market Forces of Supply and DemandThis module explns the basic principles of supply and demand and how they interact in markets.Module 5: Elasticity and Its ApplicationThis module delves deeper into the concept of elasticity and how it affects the behavior of buyers and sellers in markets.Module 6: Supply, Demand, and Government PoliciesThis module looks at how governments can influence markets through policies such as price controls and taxes.Module 7: Consumers, Producers, and the Efficiency of MarketsThis module examines the concept of market efficiency and how it can be measured.Module 8: Application: The Costs of TaxationThis module applies the concepts of supply and demand to taxation, analyzing the effects of taxes on the behavior of buyers and sellers.Module 9: International TradeThis module explores the benefits and costs of international trade and analyzes the factors that influence trade patterns between countries.Module 10: ExternalitiesThis module introduces the concept of externalities and how they can affect market outcomes.Module 11: Public Goods and Common ResourcesThis module examines public goods and common resources, analyzingthe role of government in addressing the problems associated with their provision.Module 12: The Design of the Tax SystemThis module discusses the principles of tax design and how they can be applied to create an efficient and fr tax system.Module 13: The Costs of ProductionThis module explores the factors that determine the costs of production and how firms make decisions about production.Module 14: Firms in Competitive MarketsThis module looks at the behavior of firms in competitive marketsand analyzes the factors that influence their decisions about pricingand output.Course RequirementsStudents are expected to attend all lectures and complete all assignments on time. Assignments will include readings from the textbook, problem sets, and written assignments. Grades will be based on class participation, assignments, and exams.ConclusionThe Principles of Economics course provides students with a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental concepts and theoriesthat underpin economic behavior. Students will learn about micro and macroeconomics, market forces, taxation, international trade, and more. Through this course, students will be able to apply economic principles to real-world situations and make informed decisions about economic issues.。
经济学原理PrinciplesofEconomics复旦大学经济学院冯剑亮
• 解释：产品生产过程中投入的各种要素之间存在着 组合比例问题，即固定投入有一个容量问题。
16
生产三阶段(生产要素的合理投入区域)
• 生产三阶段的划分
Q TPmax
第Ⅰ阶段：0～APmax
第Ⅱ阶段：APmax～TPmax
第Ⅲ阶段：TPmax ～
• 生产要素的合理投入区域 O
AP
第Ⅱ阶段，即经济区域 MP 第Ⅰ、Ⅲ阶段为不经济区域MAPPmmaaxx
S
R
TPL
N
M
L1 L2
L3
L
Ⅰ
ⅡⅢ
N’ R’
S’ APL
O
L1 L2
L3 MPL L 17
生产三阶段(生产要素的合理投入区域)
• 生产要素的合理投入区域
– Ⅰ：MPL↑↓但＞0，且MPL＞APL APL↑：Q/L↑L/Q↓可变投入劳动效率提高 TPL↑：Q↑K/Q↓固定投入资本效率提高 ∴增加可变投入可提高所有投入的效率，因此和固定投入相 比，可变投入太少，很不经济。
3
第四章 生产理论
• 第一节 生产过程与生产函数 • 第二节 短期生产函数与生产决策 • 第三节 长期生产函数与生产决策 • 第四节 规模报酬
4
主题内容
第一节 生产过程与生产函数 • 第二节 短期生产函数与生产决策 • 第三节 长期生产函数与生产决策 • 第四节 规模报酬
5
生产与生产函数
• 生产是对各种生产要素进行组合以制成产品的行为 ，在生产中要投入各种生产要素以生产出产品，所 以生产也就是把投入(input)转化为产出(output)的过 程。因此生产过程一头通过要素需求与要素市场相 连，另一头通过产品供给与产品市场相连。
经济学原理 英文
经济学原理英文Economics is the study of how individuals, businesses, and governments allocate resources to satisfy their needs and wants. It is a social science that seeks to understand the behavior of individuals and institutions in making decisions about the allocation of scarce resources. The principles of economics are essential for understanding the world around us and making informed decisions in our personal and professional lives.One of the fundamental principles of economics is the concept of scarcity. Resources such as land, labor, and capital are limited, while the wants and needs of individuals and society are unlimited. This creates a situation where choices must be made about how to allocate resources to satisfy these unlimited wants and needs. As a result, individuals and societies must make trade-offs and prioritize their needs based on the scarcity of resources.Another key principle of economics is the idea ofopportunity cost. When individuals or societies make choices about how to allocate resources, they are also making choices about what they are giving up. The opportunity cost of a decision is the value of the next best alternative that is foregone as a result of choosing one option over another. Understanding opportunity cost is crucial for making efficient decisions about resource allocation.In addition to scarcity and opportunity cost, economics also involves the study of supply and demand. The law of demand states that as the price of a good or service increases, the quantity demanded decreases, and vice versa. On the other hand, the law of supply states that as the price of a good or service increases, the quantity supplied also increases, and vice versa. The interaction of supply and demand in the market determines the equilibrium price and quantity of a good or service.Furthermore, economics examines the role of incentives in shaping individual and institutional behavior. Incentives are factors that motivate individuals to act ina certain way, and they play a crucial role in economic decision-making. For example, when the government offerstax incentives for businesses to invest in renewable energy, it encourages them to engage in environmentally friendly practices.Moreover, economics encompasses the study of market structures, including perfect competition, monopoly, oligopoly, and monopolistic competition. Each market structure has its own unique characteristics andimplications for resource allocation and efficiency. Understanding these market structures is essential for analyzing the behavior of firms and the impact of market competition on consumer welfare.In conclusion, the principles of economics provide a framework for understanding how individuals, businesses,and governments make decisions about the allocation of scarce resources. By studying economics, we can gaininsights into the behavior of economic agents, the functioning of markets, and the impact of policy decisions on the economy. Ultimately, economics is a powerful toolfor making informed decisions and addressing the complex challenges facing our society.。
Theprinciplesofeconomics.经济学的原理(英译中)
Theprinciplesofeconomics.经济学的原理(英译中)The word economy es from the Greek word for “one who manages a household.” at first, this origin might seem peculiar.经济这个字眼来自希腊语中“家庭的管理者”，一开始，这个起源似乎看上去有些特殊。
But, in fact, households and economies have much in mon.但是，实际上，家庭和经济有许多的共同之处。
A household faces many decisions.一个家庭面临很多的决定。
It must decide which members of the household do which tasks and what each member gets in return:它必须要决定家庭成员要完成任务，并且将每个家庭中的成员都安排在内。
Who cooks dinner?谁烧正餐？Who does the laundry?谁做洗衣服？Who gets the extra dessert at dinner?谁可以得到额外的餐后甜点？Who gets to choose what TV show to watch?谁可以选择电视节目来看？In short, the household must allocate its scarce resources among its various members, taking into account each member’s abilitie s, efforts, and desires.总之，家庭必须把其缺乏的资源分配给其中的各种成员，并把每个成员能力，努力和愿望考虑进去，--Like a household, a society faces many decisions.和家庭一样，社会也面临很多的决定。
Theprinciplesofeconomics.经济学的原理(英译中)
Theprinciplesofeconomics.经济学的原理(英译中)The word economy es from the Greek word for “one who manages a household.” at first, this origin might seem peculiar.经济这个字眼来自希腊语中“家庭的管理者”，一开始，这个起源似乎看上去有些特殊。
But, in fact, households and economies have much in mon.但是，实际上，家庭和经济有许多的共同之处。
A household faces many decisions.一个家庭面临很多的决定。
It must decide which members of the household do which tasks and what each member gets in return:它必须要决定家庭成员要完成任务，并且将每个家庭中的成员都安排在内。
Who cooks dinner?谁烧正餐？Who does the laundry?谁做洗衣服？Who gets the extra dessert at dinner?谁可以得到额外的餐后甜点？Who gets to choose what TV show to watch?谁可以选择电视节目来看？In short, the household must allocate its scarce resources among its various members, taking into account each member’s abilitie s, efforts, and desires.总之，家庭必须把其缺乏的资源分配给其中的各种成员，并把每个成员能力，努力和愿望考虑进去，--Like a household, a society faces many decisions.和家庭一样，社会也面临很多的决定。
经济学原理PrinciplesofEconomics复旦大学经济学院冯剑亮
引子
• 经济增长的特征事实
– 静态来看，世界各国的经济发展水平存在巨大 且持久的差距
– 动态来看 ，各国的经济发展水平呈现“俱乐 部”收敛
➢ 同一“俱乐部”的国家之间存在收敛
➢ 不同“俱乐部”的国家之间经济发展水平并没有 显著收敛，最穷与最富国家之间的差距甚至仍在 扩大
– 世界总体的经济增长率为正，存在长期的经济 增长的趋势，但近25年来经济增长率有所放缓
• 第一节 经济增长的概念 • 第二节 经济增长的源泉 第三节 经济增长理论 • 第四节 技术进步与经济增长的核算
Байду номын сангаас19
经济增长理论的演变
• 经济增长是宏观经济学关注的两大主题之一，无数 经济学家曾致力于探寻经济增长背后的动力。
• 1776年出版的《国富论》中，亚当·斯密（Adam Smith）就注意到使得一个国家的潜在产出水平提 高的基本要素包括由于劳动力的分工、资本的积累 以及技术的进步所导致的效率提高。
• 经济增长理论的三个发展阶段
– 20世纪40年代以“哈罗德—多马模型”（ Harrod-Domar model）为代表的古典增长理论
– 20 世纪60年代以“索洛模型”（Solow model） 为代表的新古典增长理论
– 20世纪80 年代末兴起并发展至今的各种“内 生增长理论”（endogenous growth theory）
• 但现实经济中，任何经济变量（包括资本、劳动力 和技术进步）在时间维度中都是可变的，不变只是 相对的，任何经济活动都是动态的活动。因此这一 章我们引入时间维度，考察和分析经济的增长现象。 对于经济增长过程的分析，探寻经济增长的源泉， 预测各国总产出水平在长期中的运行情况和基本趋 势，是宏观经济学需要研究的一项重要内容。
Chap_01导言(经济学原理,曼昆,中英文双语)
1. People face tradeoffs. 人们面临权衡取舍
“There is no such thing as a free lunch!” 天下没有免费的午餐
经济学——研究社会如何管理自己的稀
缺资源的学科。
Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc.
Economists study. . . 经济学家研究…
How
people make decisions.
LA Laker basketball star Kobe Bryant chose to skip college and go straight from high school to the pros where he has earned millions of dollars.
1. People face tradeoffs. Efficiency v. Equity
Efficiency
means society gets the most that it can from its scarce resources. Equity means the benefits of those resources are distributed fairly among the members of society.
Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright © 2001 by Harcourt, Inc.
经典经济学入门教材英文讲义1(Principles of Economic)
Utility Theory
• Utility is the degree of a preference an individual assigns to a state. If situa tion A is preferred to B, we say that A offers a higher utility than B.
Monotonicity examples
• Suppose values of y and x must be pos itive. In all of the following, y is a monotonic transformation of x:
–y –y –y –y = = = = 2x x+4 x^2 ln(x)
Monotonicity
• g(x) is a monotonic transformation of f(x) if, for all x1 and x2, f(x1) <, =, > f(x2) if and only if g(x1) <, =, > g (x2)
• In other words, monotonic transformat ions are order preserving. • Utility functions are equivalent to m onotonic transformations of themselve s
Branches of Economics
• Microeconomics is the study of how ho useholds and firms make decisions and how they interact in specific markets .
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LO36 项目管理能力。熟悉项目范围、项目时间、项目成本、项目质量、项目人员、 项目沟通、项目风险、项目采购、项目集成管理等。
指标点
LO361 熟悉项目范围、项目时间、项目成本、项目质量、项目人员 LO362 掌握项目策划、项目风险、项目采购 LO363 掌握项目集成管理
LO37 商务策划能力。能用已有的思维成果和创新的方法进行策划。熟悉营销策划原
编号 能力
毕业要求和指标点
LO11 理解他人的观点，尊重他人的观点，能在不同场合用书面或口头形式进行有效
沟通。
表达
LO1
沟通
LO111 倾听他人意见、尊重他人观点、分析他人需求。
指标点
LO112 应用书面或口头形式，阐释自己的观点，有效沟通。
LO21 学生能根据环境需要确定自己的学习目标，并主动地通过搜集信息、分析信
●
尽责 LO4
L0412 诚实守信：为人诚实，信守承诺，尽职尽责。
●
抗压
LO413 爱岗敬业：了解与专业相关的法律法规，充分认识本专业就业岗位
指标点
在社会经济中的作用和地位，在学习和社会实践中遵守职业规范，具备职
业道德操守。
LO414 身心健康，能承受学习和生活中的压力。
LO51 同群体保持良好的合作关系，做集体中的积极成员；善于从创新思维，利用自 己的知识与实践来提出新设想。
1.3.10 Society Faces a Short-run Tradeoff Between Inflation and Unemployment 能力要求：
知道: What is Economy 理解: What is Economics 分析: Market-based / Command-based economy 综合: Ten Principles of Economics 教学重点： Ten Principles of Economics Definition of economy and economics
信息 LO6
LO611 能够根据需要进行专业文献检索。
应用
LO612 能够使用适合的工具来搜集信息，并对信息加以分析、鉴别、判断
指标点
与整合。
LO613 熟练使用计算机，掌握常用办公软件。
LO71 愿意服务他人、服务企业、服务社会；为人热忱，富于爱心，懂得感恩（“感 恩、回报、爱心”为我校校训内容之一）。
2.5 Ten Propositions about Which Most Economists Agree
能力要求：
知道: Economic Models
理解: The Circular-Flow Diagram
分析: The Production Possibilities Frontier
综合: Microeconomics and Macroeconomics
1.3.3 Rational People Think at the Margin
1.3.4 People Respond to Incentives
1.3.5 Trade Can Make Everyone Better Off
1.3.6 Markets Are Usually a Good Way to Organize Economic Activity
专业能力写到毕业要求层级（二级编码），通用能力写到指标点层级（三级编码），如果是 应用型本科试点专业全部写到指标点层级（三级编码）。在“课程目标（细化的预期学习成 果）”这列要写清楚指标点（或者毕业要求）在本门课程里面的具体表现，撰写时以适当的行为 动词引导。
序号 1 2 3 4 5
课程预期 学习成果
第 2 单元 像经济学家一样思考
理论课时 4
教学内容：
2.1 Economic Models
2.2 The Circular-Flow Diagram
2.3 The Production Possibilities Frontier
2.4 Microeconomics and Macroeconomics
协同 LO5
创新
L0511 在集体活动中能主动担任自己的角色，与其他成员密切合作，共同 完成任务。
指标点 L0512 有质疑精神，能有逻辑的分析与批判。
L0513 能用创新的方法或者多种方法解决复杂问题或真实问题。
L0514 了解行业前沿知识技术。
●
LO61 具备一定的信息素养，善于收集信息，并能在工作中应用信息技术解决问题。
理与步骤、策划创意与文案、营销策划整体设计及运用等。 LO371 熟悉营销策划原理与步骤
指标点 LO372 策划创意与文案 LO373 营销策划整体设计及运用
LO41 遵守纪律、守信守责；适应环境变化，具有耐挫折、抗压力的能力。（“责 任”为我校校训内容之一）
L0411 遵纪守法：遵守校纪校规，具备法律意识。
L0311 熟悉调查方案的策划，调查问卷的设计
指标点 L0312 掌握常用的资料分析与预测方法
●
L0313 熟悉调查报告的写作
LO32 市场开拓能力。熟悉 SWOT 分析、波士顿矩阵、STP 分析、4P 组合、营销组织 与控制等，并能有效应用。
指标点
LO321 掌握 SWOT 分析、波士顿矩阵 LO322 掌握营销战略的 STP 分析 LO323 掌握营销策略的 4P 组合 LO324 掌握营销组织与控制
参考书目 【国际经济学：理论与政策，第 8 版，Paul R. Krugman，Maurice Obstfeld
著，
清华大学出版社，2011】
【国际经济学.第 8 版(美），Dominick
Salvatore 著，清华大学出版社，
2004】
【国际经济学，李坤望编，高等教育出版社，2005 年版】
先修课程：【大学英语 2020006（6）】
课程目标 （细化的预期学习成果）
LO212
能搜集、获取达到目标所需要的学习资源，实 施学习计划、反思学习计划、持续改进，达到 学习目标。
L0312 掌握常用的资料分析与预测方法
LO411 LO412 LO514 LO712
LO713
遵纪守法：遵守校纪校规，具备法律意识。 诚实守信：为人诚实，信守承诺，尽职尽责。 了解行业前沿知识技术。 助人为乐：富于爱心，懂得感恩，具备助人为 乐的品质。 奉献社会：具有服务企业、服务社会的意愿和 行为能力。
1.3.7 Governments Can Sometimes Improve Mdard of Living Depends on a Country’s Production
1.3.9 Prices Rise When the Government Prints Too Much Money
二、课程简介（必填项）
课程主要从供给与需求、企业行为与产业组织、长期经济增长与短期经济波动、就业与经济 增长、国民收入与私人投资、货币制度与通货膨胀、以及宏观经济政策等角度深入浅出地讲述 了经济学的基本原理。以最浅显易懂的方式阐释了经济学最基本的思想，强调经济学原理的应 用和政策分析。既纳入了新近发生的事件和经济动态，也反映了宏观经济思想基于新近研究的 演化。课程涉及金融系统的机会和危险，对金融危机进行解剖，介绍政策制定者对危机做出的 反应，并探讨了如何预防危机，同时让学生们初步掌握关于货币职能、货币量控制及货币量衡 量的关系。系统分析利益集团在经济活动中的地位和作用，从而理解价值规律或经济规律，使 学生们对资源的优化配置与优化再生有一个科学的认知，基本掌握经济规律与经济本质的概 念。
LO81 具有基本的外语表达沟通能力与跨文化理解能力，有国际竞争与合作的意识。
国际 LO8
视野
LO811 具备外语表达沟通能力，达到本专业的要求。
指标点 LO812 理解其他国家历史文化，有跨文化交流能力。
LO813 有国际竞争与合作意识。
备注：LO=learning outcomes（学习成果）
五、课程目标/课程预期学习成果（必填项）（预期学习成果要可测量/能够 证明）
三、选课建议（必填项）
本课程适合沃恩班（中美合作）、工商管理、国际贸易等一切与商科有关的专业学生学习或 者选修。适合 2-3 年级的学生学习。由于课程是全英语授课，因此对于英语水平要求比较高。 学习本课程的学生应该完成大学英语的学习，具备一定的英语阅读能力和对话能力。
四、课程与专业毕业要求的关联性（必填项）
指标点
LO341 掌握人力资源工作规划 LO342 掌握招聘与配置、培训与开发 LO343 掌握绩效管理、薪酬与福利
LO35 财务管理能力。清楚资金的筹集、投资、运营、分配和财务计划与决策、财务 预算与控制、财务分析与考核等。
指标点
LO351 清楚资金的筹集、投资、运营、分配 LO352 掌握财务计划与决策、财务预算与控制 LO353 掌握财务分析与考核等。
息、讨论、实践、质疑、创造等方法来实现学习目标。
自主 LO2
学习
LO211 能根据需要自己确定学习目标，并设计学习计划。
指标点 L0212 能搜集、获取达到目标所需要的学习资源，实施学习计划、反思学
●
习计划、持续改进，达到学习目标。
LO31 调查预测能力。熟悉调查方案的策划，调查问卷的设计，掌握常用的资料分析 与预测方法，熟悉调查报告的写作。
教学重点：
Microeconomics and Macroeconomics The Circular-Flow Diagram The Production
Possibilities Frontier
第 3 单元 相互依存性与贸易的好处 教学内容：
3.1 Interdependence and the Gains from Trade 3.2 Production Possibilities 3.3 Specialization and Trade 3.4 The Principle of Comparative Advantage 3.5 Opportunity Cost and Comparative Advantage 能力要求： 知道: Interdependence and the Gains from Trade 理解: Production Possibilities 分析: Specialization and Trade 综合: Opportunity Cost and Comparative Advantage 教学重点： Production Possibilities Opportunity Cost Specialization