2018年上海虹口区高三一模试题(附答案)
上海市虹口区达标名校2018年高考一月大联考数学试卷含解析
上海市虹口区达标名校2018年高考一月大联考数学试卷一、选择题：本题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1．设,a b 为非零向量，则“a b a b +=+”是“a 与b 共线”的（ ） A ．充分而不必要条件 B ．必要而不充分条件 C ．充要条件D ．既不充分也不必要条件2．若实数x ，y 满足条件25024001x y x y x y +-≤⎧⎪+-≤⎪⎨≥⎪⎪≥⎩，目标函数2z x y =-，则z 的最大值为( )A ．52B ．1C ．2D ．03．从抛物线24y x =上一点P (P 点在x 轴上方)引抛物线准线的垂线，垂足为M ，且||5PM =，设抛物线的焦点为F ，则直线MF 的斜率为（ ） A ．2-B ．2C ．43-D ．434．若实数,x y 满足不等式组2,36,0,x y x y x y +≥⎧⎪-≤⎨⎪-≥⎩则3x y +的最小值等于（ ）A ．4B ．5C ．6D ．75．一辆邮车从A 地往B 地运送邮件，沿途共有n 地，依次记为1A ，2A ，…n A （1A 为A 地，n A 为B 地）．从1A 地出发时，装上发往后面1n -地的邮件各1件，到达后面各地后卸下前面各地发往该地的邮件，同时装上该地发往后面各地的邮件各1件，记该邮车到达1A ，2A ，…n A 各地装卸完毕后剩余的邮件数记为(1,2,,)k a k n =…．则k a 的表达式为（ ）．A ．(1)k n k -+B ．(1)k n k --C ．()n n k -D ．()k n k -6．已知双曲线22221(0,0)x y a b a b-=>>的离心率为e ，抛物线22(0)y px p =>的焦点坐标为(1,0)，若e p =，则双曲线C 的渐近线方程为（）A ．y =B ．y=±C ．2y x =±D ．2y x =±7．已知函数()cos (0)f x x x ωωω=->，()y f x =的图象与直线2y =的两个相邻交点的距离等于π，则()f x 的一条对称轴是（ ）A ．12x π=-B ．12x π=C ．3x π=-D ．3x π=8．设a ，b 都是不等于1的正数，则“22a b log log ＜”是“222a b ＞＞”的（ ） A ．充要条件 B ．充分不必要条件 C ．必要不充分条件D ．既不充分也不必要条件9．已知复数(1)(3)(z i i i =+-为虚数单位） ，则z 的虚部为（ ） A ．2B ．2iC ．4D ．4i10．已知定点,A B 都在平面α内，定点,,P PB C αα∉⊥是α内异于,A B 的动点，且PC AC ⊥，那么动点C 在平面α内的轨迹是（ ） A ．圆，但要去掉两个点 B ．椭圆，但要去掉两个点 C ．双曲线，但要去掉两个点 D ．抛物线，但要去掉两个点11．已知函数()2ln 2xx f x ex a x=-+-（其中e 为自然对数的底数）有两个零点，则实数a 的取值范围是（ ）A ．21,e e⎛⎤-∞+ ⎥⎝⎦B ．21,e e ⎛⎫-∞+⎪⎝⎭ C ．21,e e⎡⎫-+∞⎪⎢⎣⎭D ．21,e e⎛⎫-+∞ ⎪⎝⎭12．函数()sin()(0)4f x A x πωω=+>的图象与x 轴交点的横坐标构成一个公差为3π的等差数列，要得到函数()cos g x A x ω=的图象，只需将()f x 的图象（ ）A ．向左平移12π个单位 B ．向右平移4π个单位 C ．向左平移4π个单位 D ．向右平移34π个单位 二、填空题：本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分。
2018届虹口区高三英语一模试卷及答案
虹口区2018学年度第一学期高三年级英语学科期终教学质量监控测试卷2018.1考生注意:1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷<第1—9页）和第Ⅱ卷<第10页），全卷共10页。
第I卷第1-16小题、第41-77小题采用多项选择题形式，答题必须涂写在答题纸相应位置，写在试卷上无效。
第I卷第17-40小题、第78-81小题的答案和第II卷的答案必须写在答题纸相应位置，写在试卷上无效。
TexyhMII9t3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
TexyhMII9t第 I 卷 (共103分>I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections： In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. TexyhMII9t1. A. Car seller. B. Police officer. C. Detective. D. Reporter.TexyhMII9t2. A. He was busy eating. B. John was meeting the new guests.TexyhMII9tC. John was too busy to talk to anyone.D. He didn’t notice who John was talking to.TexyhMII9t3. A. Informative. B. Difficult. C. Funny.D. Dull.TexyhMII9t4. A. Send leaflets. B. Do some gardening. C. Go sightseeing. D. Visit a lawyer.TexyhMII9t5. A. The lady’s room is a bit far.B. She has to sign her name before using the lady’s room.TexyhMII9tC. She is unable to use the lady’s room right now.D. He will lead her to the lady’s room.6. A. They shouldn’t change the plan. B. It is necessary to change the plan.TexyhMII9tC. She doesn’t believe the weather forecast.D. She doesn’t think the game will last long.TexyhMII9t7. A. There are not enough gardens. B. Parking areas are full before 10:00.TexyhMII9tC. Parking areas are closed after 10:00.D. All classes begin at 10:00. TexyhMII9t8. A. He lost his way. B. He worked very carefully.TexyhMII9tC. He received a traffic ticket.D. He drove in heavy traffic.TexyhMII9t9. A. Her doorbell doesn’t need repair. B. She didn’t expect him to come so early.TexyhMII9tC. The man has just arrived on time.D. It is not the right time for her.TexyhMII9t10. A. He’s unable to finish his homework. B. He can’t give the woman his computer.TexyhMII9tC. He’s to remove the virus.D. He’s infected with some disease.TexyhMII9tSection BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you haveheard.TexyhMII9tQuestions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. TexyhMII9t11. A. A motorist’s speeding. B. Her running into a stop sign.TexyhMII9tC. Her lack of driving experience.D. A motorist’s failure to concentrate.TexyhMII9t12. A. Nervous and unsure of herself. B. Calm and confident of herself.TexyhMII9tC. Courageous and forceful.D. Depressed and reluctant.TexyhMII9t13. A. More strict training of women drivers.B. Restrictions on cell phone use while driving.C. Improved traffic conditions in cities.D. Less traffic on street.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.TexyhMII9t14. A. Possible feedback of the test. B. The test questions and answer choices.TexyhMII9tC. The instructions of conducting tests.D. The score of each item of questions.TexyhMII9t15. A. Higher. B. Lower. C. Equal. D. Random.TexyhMII9t16. A. The main limits of computerized test.B. The way to control the difficulty of eachquestion.TexyhMII9tC. The whole process of having computerized test.D. The advantages and disadvantages of computerizedtest.TexyhMII9tSection CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.TexyhMII9tBlanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.TexyhMII9tComplete the form. Write ONE WORD for eachBlanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.TexyhMII9tComplete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for eachII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in theblanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in eachblank with the proper form of the given word; for the otherblanks, use one word that best fits each blank.TexyhMII9t(A>To be a successful speaker is no easy thing. It is essential for you to know why you are speaking and 25 you wish to accomplish by your speech. The four most common purposes of speech are to inform, to convince, to move to action, and to entertain. Do you, like a teacher or an expert in a field, wish to illustrate your ideas in detailt o p e o p l e u n f a m i l i a r w i t h y o u r s u b j e c t T e x y h M I I9t26 they can understand your ideas clearly and thoroughly? Or, like a debater, wish to convince the judges or the audience? Or, like a fund collector for a naturalist foundation, wish to get money? Or, like a comedian or after-dinner speaker, wish to entertain? The language and tone you use 27 be proper for your purpose, for your audience, and for the occasion. A speech to the graduating class will have quite different language, tone and manner fromi n f o r m a t i o n T e x y h M I I9t28 (deliver> to a group of your friends.Furthermore, 29 talented the speaker is, a talk w i t h o u t e n o u g h p r e p a r a t i o n i s u s u a l l y T e x y h M I I9t30 failure. To speak without preparing is to shootwithout taking aim. Decide what your aim or objective is;then state it in a complete topic sentence. Make sure thatyour subject 31 (be> definite and not too broad. zhucanqiTexyhMII9t(B>DC Hilton was one of the first Americans to find outthat there was money to be made in the middle of the night.47 years ago he bought a small restaurant on US highway 69,in Oklahoma. His main customers were truck drivers and traveling salesmen who drank coffee and ate cheeseburgers when they stopped 32 (break> their journey.TexyhMII9t It was they 33 first tried to persuade Hilton to remain open all night. 34 (think> about it for a while,he suddenly made up his mind. He took the door key and threw it across the road. He hasn’t closed the door eversince.TexyhMII9tOver the years his simple burger café has been expanded35 a 24-hour roadside empire, with a 100-seat restaurant,a petrol station, a mini shopping market, a car park for mobile homes and all-night self-help laundry. TexyhMII9t Hilton was a pioneer in a 24-hour working trend, 36 has now caught on around the world. Today not onlyrestaurants but also banks, supermarkets, mail-order firms, travel agencies and many other businesses are beginning tobe open all night. But is this really a goodthing?TexyhMII9tSo far, a lot of research 37 (do> in America on the effect of 24-hour working, and there is growing concern about the long-term dangers of a society that doesn’t sleep. Americans are said to be sleeping 20% less than 38 did 100 years ago, and 55% claim to suffer at least occasionally from over-tiredness. Several of the 39 (bad> man-made disasters happened in the last few hours before dawn, when e v e n t h e m o s t e x p e r i e n c e d n i g h t-w o r k e r h a sd i f f i c u l t y Te x y h M I I9t40 (stay> awake.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using thewords in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note thatThere is a tendency to think of each of the arts as a separate area of activity. Many artists, however, would prove that there has always been a warm relationship between the 41 areas of human activity. For example, in the late nineteenth century the connections between music andpainting were 42 close. zhucanqi Artists were invited to design clothes and settings for operas and ballets, but sometimes it was the musicians who were inspired by the work of 43 painters. Of the musical compositions that were considered as responses to the visual arts, perhaps the most famous is Mussorgsky’s Pictures at an Exhibition.TexyhMII9t Mussorgsky 44 the piece in 1874 after the death, at the age of 39, of the artist Victor Hartmann. Though their friendship had not been a particularly long-lasting one, Mussorgsky was shocked by Hartmann’s 45 death. The following year the critic, Vladimir Stasov, who decided to hold an exhibition of Hartmann’s work, suggested that Mussorgsky try to 46 his grief by writing something in 47 of Hartmann.TexyhMII9tThe exhibition served as Mussorgsky’s inspiration. The ten pieces that make up Pictures at an Exhibition are 48as symbols rather than representations of the paintings inthe exhibition. Between each is a promenade <舞曲中的行进）, as the composer walks from one painting to another. Themusic is sometimes witty and playful, sometimes almost alarming and frightening. Through a range of surprising49 , Mussorgsky manages to 50 the spirit of the artist and his work.TexyhMII9tIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage thereare four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits thecontext.TexyhMII9tThe term home schooling means educating children at home or in places other than a normal setting such as a public or private school. These days, homeschooling in America is51 .TexyhMII9tTeaching methods at homeschooling 52 . Some parentsf o l l o w a s t r i c t t i m e t a b l e a n d T e x y h M I I9t53 a traditional school environment. Other parentsfollow an extreme form of homeschooling in which they do not give grades or tests and allow their children to study wherever they want. More parents, however, follow the middle 54 to provide a balance between freedom anddiscipline.TexyhMII9tWhy do parents choose homeschooling? Some believe that children in public schools experience too much “peer pressure”, or social pressure from friends. They say it mayh a v e a T e x y h M I I9t55 effect on the child’s studies. Other parents are dissatisfied with the quality of education in the public school. About half the parents who teach at home are 56 motivated and use lessons by mail or Internet from church schools. Whatever the 57 may be, it is evident that more and more children are being taken out of normal schoolsevery year. 58 , many questions have emerged, encouraging the debate over home schooling against publicschooling.TexyhMII9tWhat then is the future of education? Although children often learn well at home, weak regulations in most states mean that officials rarely challenge or 59 parents who say they are home-schooling. As the 60 continues, so do the questions about what home schoolers are studying at home. How can parents ensure that their children are prepared academically for college? How are home schoolers 61 to make sure they are getting the same educational standards that school students must have? Recent studies in the United States have shown that homeschooled children tend to be slightly better in subjects like English and art, but theya r e ob v i o u s l y l e s s T e x y h M I I9t62 math and science. Finally, there are questions regarding the children’s emotional development. Are theytoo 63 their fellow students? Are they 64 the opportunity to get the social benefits of being in a large classroom of students? As with any debatable issue, the answers to these questions are never 65 . TexyhMII9t51. A. disappearing B. reducing C. contributing D. risingTexyhMII9t52. A. vary B. last C. exist D. work53. A. imitate B. alter C. promote D. neglectTexyhMII9t54. A. instructions B. path C. technique D. standardTexyhMII9t55. A. positive B.practical C. negative D. remarkableTexyhMII9t56. A. economically B. religiously C. physically D. psychologicallyTexyhMII9t57. A. effects B. suggestions C. reasons D. pressuresTexyhMII9t58. A. As a result B. On the whole C. By the way D. In additionTexyhMII9t59. A. encourage B. interrupt C.contact D. monitor TexyhMII9t60. A. appreciation B. opposition C. expectation D. debateTexyhMII9t61. A. assessed B. chosen C. compared D. classifiedTexyhMII9t62. A. satisfied with B. involved in C.skilled at D. sure ofTexyhMII9t63. A. ignorant of B. isolated from C. connected with D. worried aboutTexyhMII9t64. A. creating B. grasping C. awaiting D. losingTexyhMII9t65. A. acceptable B. informative C. one-sided D. practicalTexyhMII9tSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passageis followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.TexyhMII9t(A>“It seems likely that a caged elephant would miss the wilderness it was born into.” a six-year studyrevealed.TexyhMII9tBritish and Canadian scientists studied 4,500 elephantsin European zoos and compared them with elephants living in the wild. They found that wild elephants are healthier, live longer and reproduce more than those elephants inzoos.TexyhMII9tWhen it comes to living in a zoo, “many species do well but elephants don’t,” said Georgia Mason, one of the researchers of the study. Many animals live longer in zoos than they do in the wild. This isn’t surprising when you consider that zoo animals are not threatened by predators(掠食者>, always have plenty to eat, P.F. Productions and have professionals on hand to care for them.TexyhMII9t When it comes to elephants, however, the situation is different. The world’s largest land animals live muchlonger in the wild than they do in zoos.TexyhMII9tFemale African elephants born in zoos live on average for 17 years, while those in the wild make it to 56. “So far,”says Mason, “We’ve got 300 African elephants in zoos in Europe, and not one’s yet reached 50.”TexyhMII9tAsian elephants are the more endangered of the two elephant species. They live for about 19 years in captivity (圈养> compared to 42 years in the wild. A few wild Asian elephants have even made it into their 70s. In Kenya, 30 to50 percent of wild elephants reach 50 years ofage.TexyhMII9tFatness and stress are likely causes for the giant land animals’ early death in captivity, Mason said.TexyhMII9t The researchers say that zoos do not offer enough spacefor animals that can travel as far as 48 kilometers a day. Too little exercise and too much food means captiveelephants put on extra weight. The weight gain can lead to heart disease and other health problems.TexyhMII9tBeing “caged” is bad for health, not only for elephants, but also for humans. Be careful not to become a “caged elephant”!TexyhMII9t66. Many animals live longer in zoos owing to the following reasons EXCEPT that ________. A. they are far awayfrom the danger of being eaten.TexyhMII9tB. they can be in a better mood there.C. they needn’t worry about their food at all.D. they are taken good care of.67. Which of the following may probably result in the early death of elephants in zoos?TexyhMII9tA. Stress and lack of delicious food.B. Loneliness and little space for activities.TexyhMII9tC. Lack of delicious food and enough exercise.D. Being stressed and over weight.TexyhMII9t68. What can be concluded from the passage?A. Zoos are not suitable for animals to live in.B. None of the animals live well in zoos due to lack of exercise.TexyhMII9tC. Compared with the elephants in zoos, wild elephants are healthier.TexyhMII9tD. Asian elephants can live longer than African elephants in zoos.TexyhMII9t69. What is the passage mainly about?A. The living conditions of animals in the world are worsening.TexyhMII9tB. Elephants can live a longer time in the wild than in zoos.TexyhMII9tC. All of us should take actions to protect wild elephants.TexyhMII9tD. The places where wild elephants live are being damaged seriously.TexyhMII9t(B>TimetableMembership CardTexyhMII9tU.S. Families with a Laptop (Percentage>20406080100White Black Asian Spanish MenuFriends Membership Card THE HAMILTON PLAYHOUSE0 0 1 3 6 7 8 9Valid until 23 May 2018Name: Miss E. M. DriscollBox Office: 10865 305305 THE HAMILTON PLAYHOUSEWhen booking always ask for your Friends Discount.Give your membership P.F. Productions number when booking.Please bring your card with you when collecting tickets.Your membership card is valid until the date shown on the front.This card is your proof of membership — please keep it safe at all times.70. Which of the following is true of the membershipcard?TexyhMII9tA. Its number is 10865 305305.B. Itgets the owner a discount when used.TexyhMII9tC. It is valid through the year of 2018.D.It belongs to Mr. E. M. Driscoll.TexyhMII9t71. If one wants to attend a business lunch in London at12:00, the latest train that he should take at Oxford leaves at ________.TexyhMII9tA. 09:48B. 10:35C. 11:15D. 11:4572. If you would like to have some vegetable beef, what maybe your choice?TexyhMII9tA. French Slam®.B.Chicken Fried Steak.C. Sandwich with Salad or Soup.D. TheSuper Bird®.TexyhMII9t73. The chart shows that from 2008 to 2018,________.TexyhMII9tA. the percentage of the Spanish families with a laptoprose 60 pointsTexyhMII9tB. the percentage of the White families with a laptopremained unchangedTexyhMII9tC. the number of the Black families with a laptop was onthe decreaseTexyhMII9tD. the number of the Asian families with a laptop showedthe sharpest increaseTexyhMII9t(C>Women’s minds work differently from men’s. Psychologists view the subject either as a matter of failure or a joke. Now the biologists have moved into this field, and some of them have found that there are real differences between the brains of men and women. But being different, they point out hurriedly, is not the same as being better or worse.TexyhMII9tThere is, however, a definite structural variation between the male and female brain. The difference is in a part of the brain that is used in the most complex intellectual processes—the link between the two halves of the brain.TexyhMII9tThe two halves are linked by a trunkline (主干线> of between 200 and 300 million nerves, the corpus callosum. Scientists have found quite recently that the corpuscallosum in women is always larger and probably richer in nerve fibres (纤维> than it is in men. This is the first time that a structural difference has been found between the brains of women and men and it must have some significance. The question is “What?”, and if this difference exists, are there others? Research shows that present-day womenthink differently and behave differently from men. Are some of these differences biological and inborn, a result of evolution? We tend to think that is the influence of society that produces these differences. But could we bewrong?TexyhMII9tResearch showed that these two halves of the brain had different functions, and that the corpus callosum enabled them to work together. The better the connections, the more harmoniously the two halves work. Usually, women have the better connections.TexyhMII9tBut it isn’t all that easy to explain the actual differences between the skills of men and women on this basis. In schools throughout the world girls tend to be better than boys at “language subjects” and boys better at math. If these differences correspond (相符合> with the differences in the trunkline, there is an unchangeable distinction between the sexes.TexyhMII9tWe shan’t know for a while, partly because we don’t know of the exact relationship between abilities in school subjects and the functioning of the two halves of the brain. And we cannot understand how the two halves interact through the corpus callosum. But one thing is certain: nothing in our world is still—even scientific thought.TexyhMII9t74. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Biologists are doing research where psychologists have given up.TexyhMII9tB. Brain differences point to advantage of one sex over the other.TexyhMII9tC. The structural difference in the brain between the sexes has long been known.TexyhMII9tD. The brain difference is the only difference between the sexes.TexyhMII9t75. According to the passage, it is commonly believed thatbrain differences are caused by ________factors.TexyhMII9tA. biologicalB. psychologicalC. physicalD. socialTexyhMII9t76. The expression of “these differences” refers to those in ________.TexyhMII9tA. skills of men and womenB. school subjectsC. the brain structure of men and womenD. learning habitsTexyhMII9t77. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To discuss the various factors that cause brain differences.TexyhMII9tB. To explain the link between sex and brainstructure.TexyhMII9tC. To suggest new areas in brain research.D. To indicate the many differences between thesexes.TexyhMII9tSection CDirections: Read the following passage and then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.TexyhMII9tYou are what you eat and fats are a main food forAsia’s fast-food generation. Dr. Chwang, director of the Department of Food Nutrition, says children are consuming more meat and soft drinks. That is a thorough departure from the traditional diet of vegetables and rice and little meat. “They like big pieces of fried meat with a soft drink. So although they may eat the same volume of food, their calorie intake (卡路里摄入量> has increased. Now about 40 to 45percent of their calories come from fat,” saysChwang.TexyhMII9tAlthough on the whole Asians tend towards thinness, Asians’ hospitality<好客）is the first and foremost reason for the fatness of today’s generation, according to Chwang. “Asian people love food,” she says. “Eating and drinking are important social and family functions.” In the past, however, big meals were only hosted on special occasions as people were more careful with money. In today’s climate of wealth and remarkable consumption, 10-course meals are no longer reserved for significant occasions.TexyhMII9t Needless to say, that children are being spoilt by their parents is another cause of children’s overweight. More than anyone else, children are on the receiving end of their parents’ improved circumstances. “In the past, people had four or more children —now, they have one or two, so they tend to spoil them,” says Chwang. “The easiest way is to give them ‘quality food’. Parents think feeding them well is showing their love. They feel bad when their children look thin.”TexyhMII9tWhen describing the physical condition of most overweight Asian children, Chwang says: “There is a clear relationship between fatness and indoor play children spend too much time on. Children get fat because they don’t move, and eventually, they don’t want to move because they’re fat. Thanks to technology, a growing army of children prefer video games to old outdoor sports. “What do children do when watching TV or sitting in front of the computer playing video games? They eat chocolate and drink Coke,” P.F. Productions says Chwang.TexyhMII9t(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.>TexyhMII9t78. Despite the same volume of food, children take in more calories due to ________.TexyhMII9t79. Thanks to ________, big meals nowadays are no longerenjoyed on special occasions.TexyhMII9t80. Why do some parents feel bad when their children look thin?TexyhMII9t81. According to Dr. Chwang, what are the three factors causing Asian children’s overweight today?TexyhMII9t第II卷 <共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.TexyhMII9t1．今年国庆节我和妈妈参观了新建的植物园。
2018年上海市虹口区高考物理一模试卷(含详解)
2018年上海市虹口区高考物理一模试卷一、选择题：共40分，第1～8题，每小题3分，第9～12题每小题3分，每小题只有一个正确答案，1．（3分）下列物理量，属于矢量的是（）A．电势B．磁感应强度C．磁通量D．电流强度2．（3分）下列现象中属于静电利用的是（）A．油罐车上有铁链拖到地面B．飞机轮胎用导电橡胶制作C．屋顶安装避雷针D．汽车表面喷涂油漆3．（3分）在匀强磁场中A、B两点分别引入长度相等的长直导线，导线与磁场方向垂直，如图所示，图中a、b两条图线分别表示在磁场中A、B两点导线所受磁场力F和通过导线的电流关系，关于A、B两点的磁感应强度大小B A、B B，下列说法正确的是（）A．B A=B B B．B A＞B B C．B A＜B B D．无法比较4．（3分）不同质量的两个物体由同一地点以相同的动能竖直向上抛出，不计空气阻力，则这两个物体（）A．所能达到的最大高度和最大重力势能都相同B．所能达到的最大高度和最大重力势能均不同C．所能达到的最大高度不同，但最大重力势能相同D．所能达到的最大高度相同，但最大重力势能不同5．（3分）如图所示，下列速度﹣时间图象中，表示两个做自由落体运动的物体落地的是（t0表示落地时刻），（）A．B．C．D．6．（3分）一辆汽车正在水平公路上转弯，沿曲线由M向N行驶，速度逐渐增大。
下列四个图中画出的汽车所受合力F的方向可能正确的是（）A．B．C．D．7．（3分）将地球视为理想球体，且只考虑自转，不考虑其绕太阳的运动，则（）A．南回归线与北回归线上各点的线速度都相等B．赤道上各点的向心加速度等于重力加速度C．地球表面和内部各点的向心加速度方向均指向地心D．在地球的某一条半径上，各点的线速度均与它到地心的距离成正比8．（3分）如图所示，在绳下端挂一物体，用力F作用于O点；使悬线偏离竖直方向的夹角为α，且保持物体平衡，设F与水平方向的夹角为β，在保持α不变的情况下，要使拉力F的值最小，则β应等于（）A．αB．C．0D．2α9．（4分）已知磁敏电阻在没有磁场时电阻很小，在有磁场时电阻很大，并且磁场越强阻值越大，为了探测有无磁场，利用磁敏电阻作为传感器设计了如图所示电路，电源电动势E和内阻r不变，在没有磁场时，条件变阻器R使电灯发光，当探测装置从无磁场区进入强磁场区（设电灯L不会烧坏），则（）A．电灯L变亮B．电流表示数增大C．变阻器R的功率增大D．磁敏电阻两端的电压减小10．（4分）如图所示，在有界匀强磁场中水平放置相互平行的金属导轨，导轨电阻不计，导轨上金属杆ab与导线接触良好，磁感线垂直导轨平面向上（俯视图），导轨与处于磁场外的大线圈M相接，欲使置于M内的小闭合线圈N 产生顺时针方向的感应电流，下列做法可行的是（）A．ab匀速向右运动B．ab加速向右运动C．ab加速向左运动D．ab匀速向左运动11．（4分）一个质量为M'的箱子放在水平地面上，箱内用一段固定长度的轻质细线栓一质量为m的小球，线的另一端拴在箱子的顶板上，现把细线和球拉到左侧与竖直方向成θ角处静止释放，如图所示，在小球摆动的过程中箱子始终保持静止，则以下判断正确的是（）A．在小球摆动的过程中，线的张力呈周期性变化，但箱子对地面的作用力始终保持不变B．小球摆到右侧最高点时，地面受到的压力为（M+m）g，箱子受到地面向左的静摩擦C．小球摆到最低点时，地面受到的压力为（M+m）g，箱子不受地面的摩擦力D．小球摆到最低点时，绳对箱顶的拉力大于mg，箱子对地面的压力大于（M+m）g12．（4分）一质点做简谐振动，振幅为A，周期为T，O为平衡位置，B、C为两侧最大位移处，从经过位置P（P与O、B、C三点均不重合）时开始计时，则下列说法正确的是（）A．经过时，质点的平均速度必小于B．经过时，质点的路程不可能大于A，但可能小于AC．经过时，质点的瞬时速度不可能与经过时相等D．经过时，质点的瞬时速度与经过P点时速度方向可能相同也可能相反二、填空题13．（3分）国际单位制中力学的基本物理量是长度、时间和；用国际单位制基本单位表示磁感应强度的单位，1T=．14．（3分）如图所示，两金属棒ab、cd放在磁场中，并组成闭合电路，当ab 棒向左运动时，cd棒受到向下的磁场力，则可知磁极I是极，理由是．15．（3分）如图为点电荷Q产生的电场，图中虚线为等势线，若将两个带正电检验电荷和q1、q2分别从A、B两点移动到无穷远处的过程中，外力克服电场力做功均为W=6×0﹣6J，其中q1=2×0﹣6C，则A点电势φA=V，q2的电荷量（选填“等于”、“小于”或“大于”）q1的电荷量．16．（3分）如图所示电路，M、N是一对平行金属板，将N板接地。
虹口区2018学年度第一学期教学质量监控测试高三数学试卷及答案
（第11题图）虹口区2018学年度第一学期教学质量监控测试高三数学试卷及答案 2018年12月考生注意：1.本试卷共4页，21道试题，满分150分，考试时间120分钟.2.本考试分设试卷和答题纸. 作答必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，在试卷上作答一律不得分.一、填空题（本大题满分54分）本大题共12题，第1-6题，每空填对得4分;第7-12题，每空填对得5分. 请直接将结果填写在答题纸相应题号的空格内.1.计算153lim ________.54n nnnn +→+∞-=+ 2. 不等式21xx >-的解集为_________. 3．设全集{}{}3,2,1,0,1,2log (1),U R A B x y x ==--==-若，则()UA B =ð_______．4. 设常数,a R ∈若函数()()3log f x x a =+的反函数的图像经过点()2,1，则a =_______.5. 若一个球的表面积为4,π 则它的体积为________.6. 函数8()f x x x=+[)(2,8)x ∈的值域为________. 7．二项式62x ⎫⎪⎭的展开式的常数项为________．8. 双曲线22143x y -=的焦点到其渐近线的距离为_________.9. 若复数z =sin 1cos i iθθ-（i 为虚数单位），则z 的模的最大值为_________. 10.已知7个实数1,2,4,,,,a b c d -依次构成等比数列，若从这7个数中任取2个，则它们的和为正数的概率为__________.11.如图，已知半圆O 的直径4,AB = OAC ∆是 等边三角形，若点P 是边AC （包含端点,A C ）上的 动点，点Q 在弧BC 上，且满足,OQ OP ⊥ 则OP BQ ⋅uur uu u r的最小值为__________.12.若直线y k x =与曲线2log (2)21x y x +=--恰有两个公共点，则实数k 的取值范围为________.（第17题图）二、选择题（本大题共4题，满分20分）每题有且只有一个正确答案，考生应在答题纸的相应题号上，将所选答案的代号涂黑，选对得 5分，否则一律零分. 13.已知,x R ∈则“1233x -<”是“1x <”的 （ ）（A ）充分非必要条件 （B ）必要非充分条件 （C ）充要条件 （D ）既非充分又非必要条件14．关于三个不同平面,,αβγ与直线l ，下列命题中的假命题是 ( ) （A ）若,αβ⊥则α内一定存在直线平行于β（B ）若αβ与不垂直，则α内一定不存在直线垂直于β （C ）若,,l αγβγαβ⊥⊥⋂=， 则l γ⊥ （D ）若,αβ⊥则α内所有直线垂直于β15．已知函数21,1,()1,(),11,1,1,x f x a x x g x x x x -≤-⎧⎪=-+=-<<⎨⎪≥⎩若函数()()y f x g x =-恰有两个零点，则实数a 的取值范围为 （ ）（A ）(0,)+∞ （B ）(,0)(0,1)-∞⋃ （C ）1(,)(1,)2-∞-⋃+∞ （D ）(,0)(0,2)-∞⋃16．已知点E 是抛物线2:2(0)C y p x p =>的对称轴与准线的交点，点F 为抛物线C 的 焦点，点P 在抛物线C 上.在EFP ∆中，若sin sin EFP FEP μ∠=⋅∠，则μ的最大值为（）（A（B（C（D 三、解答题（本大题共5题，满分76分）解答下列各题必须在答题纸的规定区域内写出必要的步骤.17．(本题满分14分) 本题共2小题，第1小题6分，第2小题8分. 在如图所示的圆锥中，底面直径与母线长均为4， 点C 是底面直径AB 所对弧的中点，点D 是母线PA 的中点.（1）求该圆锥的侧面积与体积；（2）求异面直线AB 与CD 所成角的大小.（第19题图）18．（本题满分14分）本题共2小题，第1小题6分，第2小题8分． 已知函数16()1(0,1)x f x a a a a+=->≠+是定义在R 上的奇函数. (1)求实数a 的值及函数()f x 的值域；(2)若不等式 ()[]331,2x t f x x ⋅≥-∈在上恒成立，求实数t 的取值范围.19．(本题满分14分) 本题共2小题，每小题7分.某城市的棚户区改造建筑用地平面示意图如图所示，经过调研、规划确定，棚改规划用地区域近似为圆面，该圆的内接四边形ABCD 区域是原棚户区建筑用地，测量可知边界2()3(),1().AB AD k m BC k m CD k m ====，(1) 求AC 的长及原棚户区建筑用地ABCD 的面积； （2）因地理条件限制，边界,AD DC 不能变更，而 边界,AB BC 可以调整，为了增加棚户区建筑用地的面 积，请在弧 ABC 上设计一点,P 使得棚户区改造后的 新建筑用地（四边形APCD ）的面积最大，并求出这 个面积最大值.20．（本题满分16分）本题共3小题，第1小题5分，第2小题5分，第3小题6分. 设椭圆22:1,2x y Γ+=点F 为其右焦点， 过点F 的直线与椭圆Γ相交于点,.P Q (1) 当点P 在椭圆Γ上运动时，求线段FP 的中点M 的轨迹方程；(2) 如图1，点R 的坐标为（2，0），若点S 是点P 关于x 轴的对称点，求证：点,,Q S R 共线；(3) 如图2，点T 是直线:2l x =上的任意一点，设直线,,PT FT QT 的斜率分别为,PT k,,FT QT k k 求证：,,PT FT QT k k k 成等差数列；（第20题图1）（第20题图2）（第17题图）21.(本题满分18分) 本题共3小题，第1小题4分，第2小题6分，第3小题8分. 对于()n n N *∈个实数构成的集合{}12,,,n E e e e =,记12E n S e e e =+++.已知由n 个正整数构成的集合{}12,,,n A a a a =12(,3)n a a a n <<<≥满足:对于任意不大于A S 的正整数,m 均存在集合A 的一个子集，使得该子集的所有元素之和等于.m （1）试求12,a a 的值； （2）求证：“12,,,n a a a 成等差数列”的充要条件是“1(1)2A S n n =+”；（3）若2018A S =， 求证：n 的最小值为11；并求n 取最小值时，n a 的最大值.虹口区2018学年度第一学期期终教学质量监控测试 高三数学 参考答案和评分标准 2018年12月一、填空题（本大题满分54分）本大题共12题，第1-6题，每空填对得4分;第7-12题，每空填对得5分. 请直接将结果填写在答题纸相应题号的空格内. 1．5 2．()1,2 3.{}1,2 4．8 5．43π6. )9⎡⎣ 7. 60 8 10．47 11．2 12.(]{},01-∞⋃二、选择题（本大题共4题，每题5分，满分20分）13. A 14. D 15. B 16. C 三、解答题（本大题共5题，满分76分）17．(本题满分14分) 本题共2个小题，第1小题6分，第2小题8分.解：（1）由已知，得圆锥的底面半径为2OA =，高为OP = …… 2分 故该圆锥的侧面积为248S OA PA πππ=⋅⋅=⨯⨯=. …… 4分该圆锥的体积21()3V OA OP π=⋅⋅⋅=. …… 6分 （2）以直线,,OC OB OP 分别为,,x y z 轴,建立空间直角坐标系，则相关点的坐标为(0,2,0)A -，(0,2,0),B(2,0,0),(0,0,(0,C P D -于是(0,4,0),(2,AB CD ==-- ……10分故cos ,42AB CD AB CD AB CD⋅<>===⋅⋅因此异面直线AB 与CD 所成角的大小为arccos 4…… 14分 18．（本题满分14分）本题共2小题，第1小题6分，第2小题8分．解：（1）由()f x 是R 上的奇函数，知(0)0,f =610, 3.a a a-==+解得 此时31(),31x x f x -=+故对于任意的3131,()()0,3131x x x x x R f x f x ----∈+-=+=++有即()f x 是R 上的奇函数；因此实数a 的值为3. …… 4分令31(),31x x f x y -==+则130,1x yy+=>-解得11,y -<<即函数()f x 的值域为()1,1.-…6分（2）解法1：由（1）知31(),31x x f x -=+于是不等式 ()33xt f x ⋅≥-可化为2(3)(2)3(3)0.x xt t -+⋅+-≤ …… 8分 令[][]33,9(1,2)x u x =∈∈因，则不等式2(2)(3)0u t u t -+⋅+-≤在[]3,9u ∈上恒成立.设2()(2)(3),g u u t u t =-+⋅+- 则()0g u ≤在[]3,9u ∈上恒成立， …… 10分等价于(3)0.(9)0g g ≤⎧⎨≤⎩即0(3)93(2)(3)015.15(9)819(2)(3)022t g t t t g t t t ≥⎧=-++-≤⎧⎪⇔⇔≥⎨⎨=-++-≤≥⎩⎪⎩因此，实数t 的取值范围为15,.2⎡⎫+∞⎪⎢⎣⎭…… 14分 （2）解法2：由（1）知31(),31x x f x -=+当[]1,2x ∈时，()0.f x >于是不等式()33xt f x ⋅≥-可化为()233(33)(31)(31)44(31).313131x x x xx x x x t f x --+--≥===----- …… 10分令[][]312,8(1,2)x v x -=∈∈因，则由函数[]4()2,8v v vϕ=-在上递增知，max 15()(8).2v ϕϕ==故由max ()t v ϕ≥恒成立知，实数t 的取值范围为15,.2⎡⎫+∞⎪⎢⎣⎭ (14)（第19题图）分19．(本题满分14分) 本题共2小题，每小题7分. 解：（1）设,AC x =则由余弦定理，得2222222321cos ,cos .223221x x B D +-+-==⋅⋅⋅⋅由四边形ABCD 是圆内接四边形，得180,B D ∠+∠=︒ 故cos cos 0,BD +=从而2222222232107,223221x x x AC +-+-+=⇔==⋅⋅⋅⋅即……3分从而1cos =60=120.2B B D =⇒∠︒∠︒，……5分故 11=+23sin 6021sin12022ABC ADC ABCD S S S ∆∆=⋅⋅⋅︒+⋅⋅⋅︒=四边形答：AC）,原棚户区建筑用地ABCD 的面积为2)k m . (7)分（2）解法1：由条件及“同弧所对的圆周角相等”得60P B ∠=∠=︒.要使棚户区改造后的新建筑用地APCD 的面积更大，必须使APC ∆的面积最大，即点P 到AC 的距离最大，从而点P 在弦AC 的垂直平分线上，即.PA PC = (10)分于是APC ∆为等边三角形，2()AC = (12)分因此，棚户区改造后的新建筑用地APCDADC S ∆+==即当APC ∆为等边三角形时，新建筑用地APCD 2).k m ……14分（2）解法2：由条件及“同弧所对的圆周角相等”得60P B ∠=∠=︒. 设1,(,0),sin .2APC PA u PC v u v S uv P ∆==>=⋅∠=则 ……9分在APC ∆中，由余弦定理，有222227=2cos),APC AC u v uv P u v uv uv∆=+-⋅∠=+-≥==故APCS∆≤当且仅当u v==. (12)分因此，棚户区改造后的新建筑用地APCDADCS∆+==即当APC∆为等边三角形时，新建筑用地APCD2).k m (14)分20．（本题满分16分）本题共3小题，第1小题5分，第2小题5分，第3小题6分.（第20题图1）（第20题图2）解：（1）易知(1,0),F设11(,),(,),M x y P x y则由M为线段FP的中点，得11111212.022xx x xy y yy+⎧=⎪=-⎧⎪⇒⎨⎨+=⎩⎪=⎪⎩……2分于是，由点11(,)P x y在椭圆22:12xyΓ+=上，得22(21)(2)12xy-+=，即点M的轨迹方程为22(21)82x y-+=. ……5分证：（2）当过点F的直线与x轴重合时，点P与S重合，点,Q S分别为椭圆在x轴的两个顶点，显然点,,Q S R共线.当过点F的直线与x轴不重合时，设其方程为11221,(,),(,),x m y P x y Q x y=+且则11(,),S x y-由221,1,2x m yxy=+⎧⎪⎨+=⎪⎩得22(2)210m y my++-=，显然0.∆>所以 12122221,,22my y y y m m +=-=-++ 于是 22221111(2,)(1,),(2,)(1,),RQ x y my y RS x y my y =-=-=--=--故 22112211,,2121RQ RS y y y y k k x my x my --====---- (8)分所以21121221122()0,11(1)(1)RQ RS y y my y y y k k my my my my -+-=+==----即RQ RS k k =，因此点,,Q S R 共线. ……10分证：（3）由T 是直线:2l x =上的点，可设其坐标为(2,).t当过点F 的直线与x轴重合时，有(P Q 从而+2,,21PT QT FT tk k t k t ====-故 2.PT QT FS k k k += (12)分当过点F 的直线与x 轴不重合时，其方程为11221,(,),(,),x m y P x y Q x y =+且有11221122,,,212121PT QT FT y t y t y t y t tk k k t x my x my ----======----- 由(2)知12122221,,22my y y y m m +=-=-++ 于是 121221121221212121222222222()(1)()(1)2(1)()211(1)(1)()122(1)24(1)222222(1)122PT QT FTy t y t y t my y t my my y t m y y tk k my my my my m y y m y y m m t m tt m m m t k m m m m m ----+---++++=+==-----+++-+++++====+-++++即2,PT QT FS k k k +=综合上述，得,,PT FT QT k k k 成等差数列. ……16分21. (本题满分18分) 本题共3小题，第1小题4分，第2小题6分，第3小题8分. 解：（1）由条件，知A 1S ,1.A ≤∈必有又12n a a a <<<均为正整数，故1=1.a ……2分由条件，知A 2S ,≤故由A S 的定义及12n a a a <<<均为正整数，2,A ∈必有于是2=2.a……4分证：（2）必要性 由“123,,,,na aa a 成等差数列”及12=1,=2a a 得=(1,2,,).i a i i n =此时{}1,2,3,,1,A n n =-，满足题设条件；从而12112(1).2A n S a a a n n n =+++=+++=+ ……7分 充分性 由条件知12n a a a <<<，且它们均为正整数，可得(1,2,,)i a i i n ≥=，故 112(1)2A S n n n ≥+++=+当且仅当(1,2,,)i a i i n ==时，上式等号成立.于是当1(1)2A S n n =+时,=(1,2,,)i a i i n =，从而123,,,,n a a a a 成等差数列.因此 “123,,,,n a a a a 成等差数列”的充要条件是“1(1)2A S n n =+”. ……10分 证：(3)由于n 元集合A 的非空子集的个数为21,n-故当10n =时,10211023,-=此时A 的非空子集的元素之和最多表示出1023个不同的正整数,m 不符合要求. ……12分而用11个元素的集合{}1,2,4,8,1632641282565121024M =，，，，，，的非空子集的元素之和可以表示2047个正整数：1,232046,2047.,,,因此当2018A S =时，n 的最小值为11. ……14分 当2018A S =，n 取最小值11时，设101210,S a a a =+++由题设得10112018,S a +=并且10111.S a +≥事实上，若10111,S a +<则101111112019201821,2S a a a =+<-⇒>由11,a N *∈故111010.a ≥此时101008,S ≤从而1009m =时，其无法用A 的非空子集的元素之和表示，与题意矛盾！于是由10112018,S a +=与10111,S a +≥可得 101111112019201821,2S a a a =+≥-⇒≤故由11,a N *∈得111009.a ≤ ……16分当11=1009a 时，用{}1,2,4,8,163264128256,498,1009A =，，，，的非空子集的元素之和可以表示出1,2,3，…，2017,2018中的每一个数.因此，当2018A S =时，n 的最小值为11，n a 的最大值为1009. ……18分。
届上海市虹口区高三数学模拟试卷及答案
届上海市虹口区高三数学模拟试卷及答案2018届上海市虹口区高三数学模拟试卷及答案高考备考数学，多做高考数学模拟试卷是必须的，只有多做高考数学模拟试卷才能在高考中取得理想的，以下是店铺为你整理的2018届上海市虹口区高三数学模拟试卷，希望能帮到你。
2018届上海市虹口区高三数学模拟试卷题目一、填空题(1～6题每小题4分，7～12题每小题5分，本大题满分54分)1、集合，，则 .2、复数所对应的点在复平面内位于第象限.3、已知首项为1公差为2的等差数列，其前项和为，则 .4、若方程组无解，则实数 .5、若的二项展开式中，含项的系数为，则实数 .6、已知双曲线 ,它的渐近线方程是 ,则的值为 .7、在中，三边长分别为，，，则 ___________.8、在平面直角坐标系中，已知点，对于任意不全为零的实数、，直线，若点到直线的距离为，则的取值范围是 .9、函数，如果方程有四个不同的实数解、、、，则 .10、三条侧棱两两垂直的正三棱锥，其俯视图如图所示，主视图的边界是底边长为2的等腰三角形，则主视图的面积等于 .11、在直角中，，，，是内一点，且，若，则的最大值 .12、无穷数列的前项和为，若对任意的正整数都有，则的可能取值最多有个.二、选择题(每小题5分，满分20分)13、已知，，都是实数，则“ ，，成等比数列”是“ 的( )充分不必要条件必要不充分条件充要条件既不充分也不必要条件14、、是空间两条直线，是平面，以下结论正确的是( ).如果∥ ，∥ ，则一定有∥ . 如果，，则一定有 .如果，，则一定有∥ . 如果，∥ ，则一定有 .15、已知函数，、、，且，，，则的值( )一定等于零. 一定大于零. 一定小于零. 正负都有可能.16、已知点与点在直线的两侧，给出以下结论：① ;②当时，有最小值，无最大值;③ ;④当且时，的取值范围是 .正确的个数是( )1 2 3 4三、解答题(本大题满分76分)17、(本题满分14分.第(1)小题7分，第(2)小题7分.)如图是直三棱柱，底面是等腰直角三角形，且，直三棱柱的高等于4，线段的中点为，线段的'中点为，线段的中点为 .(1)求异面直线、所成角的大小;(2)求三棱锥的体积.18、(本题满分14分.第(1)小题7分，第(2)小题7分.)已知定义在上的函数是奇函数，且当时， .(1)求在区间上的解析式;(2)当实数为何值时，的方程在有解.19、(本题满分14分.第(1)小题6分，第(2)小题8分.)已知数列是首项等于且公比不为1的等比数列，是它的前项和，满足 .(1)求数列的通项公式;(2)设且，求数列的前项和的最值.20、(本题满分16分.第(1)小题3分，第(2)小题5分，第(3)小题8分.)已知椭圆，定义椭圆上的点的“伴随点”为 .(1)求椭圆上的点的“伴随点” 的轨迹方程;(2)如果椭圆上的点的“伴随点”为，对于椭圆上的任意点及它的“伴随点” ，求的取值范围;(3)当，时，直线交椭圆于，两点，若点，的“伴随点”分别是，，且以为直径的圆经过坐标原点，求的面积.21、(本题满分18分.第(1)小题3分，第(2)小题6分，第(3)小题9分.)对于定义域为的函数，部分与的对应关系如下表：1 2 3 4 50 22 00 2(1)求 ;(2)数列满足，且对任意，点都在函数的图像上，求 ;(3)若，其中，，，，求此函数的解析式，并求 ( ).2018届上海市虹口区高三数学模拟试卷答案一、填空题(1～6题每小题4分，7～12题每小题5分，本大题满分54分)1、 ;2、四;3、 ;4、 ;5、1;6、2 ;7、 ; 8、 ; 9、4; 10、 ; 11、 ; 12、91;二、选择题(每小题5分，满分20分)13、 ; 14、 ; 15、 ; 16、 ;三、解答题(本大题满分76分)17、(14分)解:(1)以A为坐标原点，、、分别为轴和轴建立直角坐标系.依题意有 (2，2，4)， (0，0，0)， (2，2，0)， (0，4，2)所以.……………………3分设异面直线、所成角为角，所以，所以异面直线、所成角的大小为…………7分(2) 线段的中点为，线段的中点为，由，高，得，，………………3分由为线段的中点，且 , ,由面 , ，得面 ,三棱锥的体积为体积单位.……………………7分18、(14分)解：(1)设，则，是奇函数，则有…………4分………………7分(2)设，令，则，而 .，得，从而，在的取值范围是.…………………………11分又设，则，由此函数是奇函数得，，从而.………………13分综上所述，的值域为，所以的取值范围是.…………14分19、(14分)解：(1) ，，.……2分整理得，解得或 (舍去).………………4分.………………6分(2) .………………8分1)当时，有数列是以为公差的等差数列，此数列是首项为负的递增的等差数列.由，得 .所以 . 的没有最大值.………11分2)当时，有，数列是以为公差的等差数列，此数列是首项为正的递减的等差数列.，得， . 的没有最小值.…………14分20、(16分)解：(1)解.设 ( )由题意则，又，从而得……………………3分(2)由，得 .又，得.…………5分点在椭圆上，，，且，，由于，的取值范围是……8分(3) 设 ,则 ;1)当直线的斜率存在时,设方程为 , 由得 ; 有① ……10分由以为直径的圆经过坐标原点O可得: ;整理得: ②将①式代入②式得: ,………………………… 12分又点到直线的距离所以……………………14分2) 当直线的斜率不存在时,设方程为联立椭圆方程得;代入得，解得,从而, 综上: 的面积是定值, ……………………16分21、(18分)解：(1) ……………………3分(2),周期为4 , 所以= .……………………9分(3)由题意得由又而…………11分从而有…………………………13分此函数的最小正周期为6,…………14分1)当时..……………………16分2)当时..………………18分【2018届上海市虹口区高三数学模拟试卷及答案】。
上海市虹口区2018年高三(一模)化学试题及答案
A. 铁作正极 B. 该装置可以减缓铁的腐蚀 C. 铁上发生的电极反应：Fe-3e-=Fe3+ D. 碳上发生的电极反应：O2+ 4e-+2H2O=4OH13. 下列鉴别浓硫酸和稀硫酸的操作与结论有误的是（ ）
操作
结论
A 分别加入金属铝片
产生刺激性气味者为浓硫酸
B 分别加入到盛水的试管中
剧烈放热者为浓硫酸
2. 下列关于 和 的说法正确的是（ ）
A. 所有性质都相同 B. 电子数不同
C. 属于同素异形体 D. 质子数相同
3. 下列过程属于人工固氮的是（ ）
A. 工业合成氨 B. 闪电时，氮气转化为 NO
C. 用 NH3 和 CO2 合成尿素 D. 用硫酸吸收氨气得到硫酸铵 4. 下列各组物质中，由极性键构成的极性分子是（ ）
系是（ ）
A. c(Na+ )> c(CHCOO -) B. c(Na+ )= c(CHCOO -)
C. c(Na+ )< c(CHCOO -) D. 不能确定
17. 室温下，一定量 Cl2 恰好被含有 0.2mol NaOH 的烧碱溶液吸收： Cl2+NaOH =NaClO +NaCl+ H2O。反应后 溶液 pH=11，下列说法正确的是（ ）（NA 表示阿佛加德罗常数） A. Cl2 的体积为 2.24L B. 混合溶液中含有 0.1NA 个 ClOC. 溶液中 c(OH -) =10 -11mol/L D. 该过程中电子转移数目为 0.1NA 18. 在密闭容器中，一定条件下，进行如下反应： 2SO2 (g) +O 2(g) 2SO3 (g)+Q；达到平衡后，为提高 该反应的速率且平衡向右移动，采取的正确措施是（ ）
2018年虹口区高三一模英语 阅读B篇解析
(B)You may read the questions first.Indian Heroes and Great ChieftainsThe book mainly presents us with the American Indian leaders of the past. It features many profiles and biographies including Sitting Bull, Red Cloud, Little Crow and Lozen Quanah etc. written by author Charles Eastman, and I’m sure you will be interested in it.Name: Sitting BullBirth: 1831Death: 12-15-1890He was a great hero and is respected by many American Indians. In a1997 documentary (纪录片) — The Great Tribes, he was known as aholy man, a composer of songs and an artist. Under him, the Siouxand Cheyenne Nations unified. He was advised to go on a Europeantour in 1887, but he turned it down to defend these two nations frombeing separated again. He led his people during years of resistance toUnited States government policies and was killed by Indian agencypolice on the Standing Rock Indian Reservation.Name: Crazy HorseBirth: 1842Death: 9-5-1877Crazy Horse was a legendary warrior(勇士) and a gentle leader aswell as a brave man who stood for the highest ideal of the Sioux,celebrated for his battle skills as well as his efforts to preserve NativeAmerican traditions and way of life. Resisting efforts to force theSioux on to reservations, he fought alongside Sitting Bull and othersin the American-Indian Wars. Charles Eastman described him in hisbook Indian Heroes as “a man of deeds and not of words”.Name: Red CloudBirth: 1822Death: 12-10-1909He was against the movement of the white settlers into the Black Hills.In 1868, he refused to sign a treaty (条约), which stated that the BlackHills didn’t belong to people. The treaty also stated that these areascouldn’t be entered without the government’s permission. According toEastman’s book Indian H eroes, he was said to have fought against thetreaty, forcing the government to give in and pull out of the area.Name: Lozen QuanahBirth: late 1840sDeath: 1890Known as the youngest sister of Red Cloud, she devoted herself to thepeople. She was described in Peter Aleshire’s Warrior Woman as a heroine good at riding horses and using a bow and arrow to drive attackers away. This skill was considered to be “one of the most honored skills among the Indians”.60. Which of the following is NOT true about Crazy Horse?A. He was friendly to his soldier.B. He showed great courage.C. He was a great talker.D. He was respected.61. From the passage we can infer that __________.A. Sitting Bull disliked travelingB. Indian Heroes was a book on Indian historyC. in the 1880s Indian soldiers were mainly armed with bows and arrowsD. in the 1850s Indian women were not allowed to ride horses62. The main purpose of the passage is to __________.A. show Indians’ lives to readersB. describe great Indian heroes and heroinesC. show the history of the IndiansD. comment on a history book60. 参考答案：C考点：细节题解析：题目问的是：描述Crazy Horse这个人时，以下选项哪一个是错误的？那我们定位到Name: Crazy Horse这段。
上海市虹口区2018届高三一模考试物理试题 (答案+解析)
上海市虹口区2018届高三一模考试一、选择题1.下列物理量中，属于矢量的是（）A. 电势B. 磁感应强度C. 磁通量D. 电流强度【答案】B【解析】【详解】矢量既有大小，又有方向，磁感应强度是矢量，故B正确；标量只有大小没有方向，电势、磁通量和电流强度都是标量，故ACD错误。
所以B正确，ACD错误。
2.下列现象中属于静电利用的是A. 油罐车上有铁链拖到地面B. 飞机轮胎用导电橡胶制作C. 屋顶安装避雷针D. 汽车表面喷涂油漆【答案】D【解析】油罐车在运输过程中产生静电，若不及时导走，当人碰到会被击伤，通过连接地线导走是静电的防止，故A错误；飞机在地面上滑行时，轮胎与地面摩擦而带上静电，飞机轮胎用导电橡胶制作是为了防止静电的危害，故B错误；下雨天，云层带电打雷，往往在屋顶安装避雷针，是导走静电，防止触电，故C错误；汽车表面喷涂油漆属于静电的应用，故D正确；故选D.【点睛】物体带电的本质是电荷的转移，出现多余的电荷从而带电，所以静电的产生有利有弊．3.在匀强磁场中A、B两点分别引入长度相等的长直导线，导线与磁场方向垂直，如图所示，图中a、b两条图线分别表示在磁场中A、B两点导线所受磁场力F和通过导线的电流关系，关于A、BA. B. C. D. 无法比较【答案】B【解析】BL，由于长度相等，故斜率越大，表示磁感应强度越大，故A点的磁感应强度大于B点的磁感应强度；故ACD错误，B正确；故选B. 4.不同质量的两个物体由同一地点以相同的动能竖直向上抛出，不计空气阻力，则这两个物体A. 所能达到的最大高度和最大重力势能都相同B. 所能达到的最大高度和最大重力势能均不同C. 所能达到的最大高度不同，但最大重力势能相同D. 所能达到的最大高度相同，但最大重力势能不同【答案】C【解析】mh ABD错误，C 正确，故选C.【点睛】物体竖直向上抛出，不计空气阻力，物体的机械能守恒，到达最大高度时动能为0，根据机械能守恒定律判断重力势能的大小关系即可．5.如图所示，下列速度－时间图像中，表示两个做自由落体运动的物体同时落地的是（t0表示落地时刻）（）A. B.C. D.【答案】D【解析】自由落体运动的初速度为0，速度随时间均匀增大，图线甲有初速度，不是自由落体运动，故A错误；自由落体运动的加速度相同，都为g，所以图线斜率相等，图象应平行，故B 错误；图线甲有初速度，不是自由落体运动，故C错误；自由落体运动的初速度为0，速度随时间均匀增大，加速度相同，所以图线的斜率相等，图象平行，同时落地，即在同一时刻落地，故D正确；故选D.6.一辆汽车正在水平公路上转弯，沿曲线由M向N行驶，速度逐渐增大。
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2018年虹口区高三一模语文试题一、积累运用（10分）1.按要求填空。
（5分）（1）__________________________，师不必贤于弟子。
（韩愈《师说》）（2）鸟雀呼晴，________________________________ 。
（周邦彦《____________》）（3）李商隐的《夜雨寄北》中“何当共剪西窗烛，却话巴山夜雨时”以想象表达憧憬，抒发思念之情，曲折深婉，余味无穷。
杜甫《月夜》中运用了同样手法的一联是“_________________________________ ，_____________________________。
”2.按要求选择。
（5分）（1）下列各句中，所引诗词符合语境的一项是（）(2分）A.“不畏浮云遮望眼，自缘身在最高层”，只要我们掌握了正确的思维方法，认识达到了一定的高度，便能透过现象看到本质，就不会被假象迷惑。
B.“问渠那得清如许，为有源头活水来。
”长江之所以波澜壮阔是因为不拒绝细流，学习也是如此，广泛汲取知识才能丰富自己。
C.在奋斗过程中，我们必定会经受许多挫折和失败，只要我们坚信“行到水穷处,坐看云起时”，树立信心，鼓足勇气，一定会有成功的一天。
D.爷爷生日寿宴上，小明激情洋溢地说：“‘花甲喜循环，风霜变老颜’，感谢大家百忙之中来参加我爷爷的古稀寿宴，让我们一起祝福爷爷生日快乐！”（2）填入下面语段空白处的语句，最恰当的一项是（）（3分）盛唐的书法，不再只是坚持“楷”的端正，不再只是坚持“楷”的法度,_________。
颜真卿的《祭侄文稿》是领略唐代书法“尚意”美学的最好作品。
A.书写者也开始追求内在情绪真实的表现，追求书法随情感而流动的变化B.也开始追求书法随情感而流动的变化，追求书写者内在情绪真实的表现C.书写者也开始追求书法随情感而流动的变化，追求内在情绪真实的表现D.开始追求书写者内在情绪真实的表现，追求书法随情感而流动的变化二、阅读70分(―)阅读下文，完成第3—7题。
（15分）和谐天人：对自然的亲近———感悟我们身边的传统节日○1今天，我们为什么还要过传统节日？在今天的历史条件下，我们怎样过传统节日？○2为了让我们的话题变得轻松，先来个“说文解字”吧！要说文，先得解字：“节日”这词从哪里来，是怎么组合成的？“节”字的原义是什么？节日的节字，原本指竹子长叶、分叉的那个地方。
竹节的节是本义，节日的节，则已经是引伸。
了解这一点，我们就能明白：原来，我们祖先是用竹子来比喻我们的过日子，平常的日子就像竹筒，滑溜溜的，一晃就过去了，节日就是竹节部分，我们不愿让所有日子都这么“滑”掉，我们要抓住一些特殊的日子好好过，精心过，不一样地过。
○3那么，哪些日子被我们的祖先派定作为我们日常生活这根“竹子”上的“节”呢？○4派定哪些日子作为节日，东西方很不一样，西方的节日每每总是同历史上的人事相关，无论是圣诞节、万圣节还是情人节；中国却不是这样。
似乎西方的节日是人和人商量定的，中国的节日却是。
○5中国的岁时节日，源头大致有三：其一是按季节气候排定，即二十四节气，比如清明、冬至；二是以月之朔望为节，故某月的初一、十五为节日者颇多，尤其是满月的元宵节和中秋节，为人们所喜爱和重视；三是月和日奇数复叠者，这就是：正月初一新年、三月初三上巳、五月初五端午、七月初七七夕、九月初九重阳。
这些是“大节”，另外还有一些“小节”，比如“二月二龙抬头”，二月十二“百花节”，六月六“晒衣节”，可过可不过，所以叫“不拘小节”。
七月十五中元节后来成为佛教节日，另当别论。
○6一年四季十二个月，季季有节日，月月有节日。
节日均衡分布四季，行事充分体现中国人对自然的亲近、对生命的关怀和对人情的呼唤。
中国人顺应自然，但又不被动依赖，又能有所作为，相信谋事在人，成事在天，所谓“能动地适应”。
我们按照自然节律生活、劳动、恋爱、生育，春种夏锄，秋收冬藏。
传统节日的设置顾及日月星辰、四季更替、地球和人类之间的关系。
中国传统节日是先民们时间意识自觉的产物，是中国人“天人合一”世界观的具体体现。
○7这里所谓的“天”泛指大自然。
从节日的派定看，中国人是多么重视天、重视天象、重视天意！一月一“元旦”，一年中第一个冉冉升起的旭日；三月三上巳，蛇开始活跃了，让我们亲近春水；五月五端午，毒虫百脚需要好好对付，才能平安度夏；七月七是星星的节日，中秋是月亮的节日，九月九，登山去，斑斓的秋山是一年中的最美。
原来，中国的节日尽是太阳的、月亮的、星星的、山的、水的、春的夏的秋的冬的节日。
元霄节看起来比较关“人事”一些，它是灯节，足够闹腾，但究其实质，“闹元霄”就是“闹春耕”，是个关乎大地、关乎农耕、关乎丰收的节日，同样与自然关系密切。
○8我国的岁时节日还非常强调“节物”，比如，梅花是新年的节物，桃花是三月三（后与清明合并）的节物，石榴花是端午的节物，桂花属于中秋，菊花属于重阳。
中国古代诗人的节日诗篇，无一不对节物作出描写、加以歌颂。
○9另一种“节物”则体现在人们的食桌上。
新年的饺子（北方麦作文化）年糕（南方稻作文化）、元霄的汤圆、清明的青团、端午的粽子、七夕的巧果、中秋的月饼、九月九的重阳糕，包括腊月初八的腊八粥，凡此等等，都与日常食桌相关。
10“节物”每每是当令之物，当令的花卉，当令的食品，其实是大自然母亲为她的孩子○们奉献的一道道盛宴——给眼睛的，给嘴巴的，给身心两面的。
所以，节物又有个更感性的名字叫：节日媚物。
11过去，我们与大自然是多么接近，我们对大自然是那么的敬重。
我们惊讶起来的时候，○叫的不是“天呐”就是“妈呀！”（现在叫“哇塞”），将天和母亲等同起来。
我们管天叫“老天爷”、“天公”，准备出去旅游时遇到好天气叫“天公作美”，般配的情侣叫“天生一对”，最恶毒的骂是“天杀的”，最聪明的叫“天才”。
老子说：“人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。
”我们从大自然那里曾经学到了多少东西！○12如今，全人类的一个关键词是“环境保护”。
“环保”不只是谁排污谁受罚的问题，还有更加基本、更加重要的事要做，比如：保护我们健康的传统文化，恢复和发扬我们的传统中向大自然学习、与大自然和睦相处的种种心态与生活方式。
3、第○2段中，作者“说文解字”的用意是（2分）4、根据上下文，第○4段横线处应填写的内容是（2分）5、下列说法符合文意的一项是（）（3分）A.中国的岁时节日，既有一些值得重视的“大节”，也有一些可过可不过的“小节”。
B.一年四季十二个月，季季有节日，月月有节日，体现了中国人对节日由衷的喜爱。
C.中国传统节日是先民们自我意识自觉的产物，是中国人“天人合一”世界观的具体体现。
D.从节日的派定看，中国人非常重视天、重视天象、重视天意，而不关心“人事”。
6、请说说你对“节日媚物”这个现象的理解。
（4分）○1②7、本文洋溢着节日的欢快气氛，请结合内容分析其语言特色。
（4分）（二）阅读下文，完成第8—11题。
（15分）载将烟雨过西湖陈富强○1在湖畔，找一处有石桌、石椅的廊檐下坐了，与茶楼掌柜的招呼了，便会有着中式小衫的茶艺小姐款步而来。
曲径上枯叶花瓣撒了一地，枝繁叶茂的樟树在风中从容地摇曳，长发细腰的茶艺小姐托着茶盘柳样地穿过回廊，飘到眼前，疑是廊下的镂空格窗里走下来一个宋朝的女子。
她将盖碗茶朝桌上搁了，掀了盖，拎起茶壶，壶嘴对准茶碗，手腕往前一倾，就有水流如注，茶叶已在碗里跳起来，舞起来，绿色的叶儿如袍，在水中缓缓地舒展。
○2端起茶碗，茶香缕缕，左手端碗，右手持盖，轻啜一口，满口含香，这是西湖水泡的龙井茶，只有在湖畔，在柳丝狂舞，绿草萋迷的迥廊里，才找得到的可以静心静脑的好地方。
好茶好水好景色，再把心掏出来浸入湖中，若有雨，山也迷朦水也迷朦，湖边阵阵绿雾，人也朦胧，梦一样的飘渺。
这一刻，心在水里自由地游荡。
○3说下雨，就真的下了。
春天的西湖总是这样的恼煞人，我却笑看雨中的游人双手捂头，叫着，骂着，往浓荫下跑，朝屋檐下躲。
也有浪漫的，相携着一路走来，雨水冲洗着脸上的笑容，却怎么也冲不掉一脸的灿烂。
再去看湖面，撒满了涟漪、漩涡，数也数不清，圆圆的，好像女子脸上的酒涡，抹也抹不去，是不是有美女无数在湖中笑？惹恼了岸上的女子，不然，她的眉怎么就弯了起来？○4当年苏东坡酒后上了望湖楼，下着雨，醉醺醺地，就留下了百读不厌的诗篇。
诗中有“白雨跳珠乱入船。
望湖楼下水如天。
”雨如珍珠，蹦跳着跃进了小船，划船的船娘笑得弯下了腰。
苏东坡挥毫的时侯，两旁笔墨侍候的必定是美丽的女子，宋朝的女子望穿秋水，看不看得见湖里的草鱼快乐地游来游去？○5雨从檐上往下流，织成的帘子把我与湖面隔在了两边，我的心在湖里，我的双眼盯着雨帘，于是，我看到了雨帘是竖琴上的弦，宋朝女子的纤手在一千年前拨动了琴弦，我的耳边响起清越的丝竹，这是飘过了千年的音乐，依然好听，琴声里的柳枝绿了，桃花红了，女子的幔幕香车上路了。
一路行去，如蝶翩翩，杨柳叶子，李花瓣儿落满了车顶，帘儿掀起，露出一张如画姿容，远看若生花白玉，近视如含笑芙蓉，整个儿沉鱼落雁，怎么看也看不够的红粉佳人。
看呆了的行人忽见美人开颜一笑，吟出一诗，“燕引莺招柳夹途，章台直接到西湖。
春花秋月如相访，家住西泠妾姓苏。
”原来是色貌绝伦的钱塘苏小小。
○6香车行至白堤，忽见一英俊少年骑青骢马从断桥方向缓缓而来，山光水色之间，一个郎才，一个女貌，为后人留下了一见钟情，不恋富贵觅真情，有情人终成眷属的民间传奇。
○7西泠桥畔人流不息，如此山水陪伴一位妓家女子，何故？我想这与苏小小对个体生命高度重视的思想不无关系。
○8雨丝依旧若琴弦，是谁在小小墓前歌吟？“幽兰露，如啼眼。
无物结同心，烟花不堪剪。
草如茵，松如盖。
风为裳，水为佩。
油壁车，夕相待。
冷翠烛，劳光彩。
西陵下，风吹雨。
”是李贺。
这样凄艳的诗词，我还能在古典的书籍中找到很多，此刻，我独坐湖畔听雨，从前的故事穿云破雾，在我眼前的湖面上溅起数不清的水花，这些古典的花朵，在竖琴的奏鸣中缓缓开放。
○9茶凉了，我转过头去，沏茶的女子双手托腮，伏在柜台上望着湖上的水花……10雨越下越大了，湖面上已看不见圆圆的涟漪，从廊檐垂下的雨线变成急速的水柱，冲○在地上发出“哗哗”的声音。
天色惭惭黯淡下来，堤上的灯渐次亮起，在雨中，一盏，又一盏，一直伸向浓荫的深处。
雨声在我的耳边响成一片，急管繁弦，架子鼓般，弥漫了整个湖区。
茶馆已经打烊，撑伞的女子已经回家，只有红灯笼亮了，在风中慢慢地摇曳。
我坐在石桌旁，已经没有了盖碗茶，西泠桥畔的凉亭和墓碑在雨中无言而歌，歌唱的是西湖的雨。
千年的往事成为一座亭子，一块墓碑。
成为一座美丽的桥。
成为手中一杯渐凉的茶，一阵风中的雨。
○11夜静雨止，我离开回廊，循着一地灯光踏上回家的路。
夜色遮住了一切，只有灯光，在岸上，在水中。