2020届金山区高三英语二模试卷
金山区2019学年第二学期质量监控高三英语试卷（考试时间120分钟，总分140分）2020年5月I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. In a hospital. B. In a school.C. In a kindergarten.D. In a tourist office.2. A. Improving her cooking skills. B. Tasting the food made by Tom.C. Having a picnic.D. Showcasing her talents to Tom.3. A. Supportive. B. Hesitant.C. Indifferent.D. Disapproving.4. A. In January. B. Until winter vacation.C. During Christmas season.D. Right now.5. A. The foundation of the theatre. B. A change to the theatre.C. The removal of the seats.D. The figure of the audience.6. A. It can help to find the patients easily.B. It can record patients’ conditions.C. It gives patients medical advice.D. It makes records available to doctors and nurses.7. A. He doesn’t want to draw.B. He prefers to make the labor division himself.C. He is good at drawing.D. He is happy because he doesn’t have to draw.8. A. The key to the woman’s success.B. The changes on the market.C. The management of the woman’s company.D. The feeling of being a manager.9. A. To paint the doors. B. To paint the ceiling.C. To continue his job.D. To take the job home.10. A. Because she is accustomed to the food there.B. Because the food is better there than at the school dining hall.C. Because it is a quiet place.D. Because they can’t go to the school dining hall.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. Factors determining intelligence. B. A story of identical twins.C. The importance of intelligence.D. How to get a higher IQ.12.A. Because only one could enter college.B. Because they were abandoned by their parents.C. Because their parents died when they were only babies.D. Because the psychologists did an experiment researching human intelligence.13.A. John got a better education than his identical brother, Peter.B. Children growing up in wealthy families are smarter.C. Environment is important to the development of one’s intelligence.D. An isolated community has more educational opportunities.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A. Unwrapping a new album.B. Having a newly-bought car.C. Entering a newly-purchased house.D. Having access to an online account.15. A. It is nice to share the account on Amazon.B. The sharing economy makes full use of cars.C. Consumers consider ownership more important than access.D. The sharing economy makes clear relationship between consumers and products.16. A. The sharing economy develops car manufacturing.B. It is good for environment to increase the usage of goods.C. The sharing economy reshapes the market and benefits people.D. In the sharing economy, companies bridge the gap between people and resources.Questions17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Products. B. Locations.C. Coffee making techniques.D. Staff quality.18. A. She made a questionnaire. B. She talked with customers.C. She wrote a handbook for the employees.D. She applied for a job at Starbucks.19. A. Customers are especially concerned about the service of a cafe.B. The more expensive the coffee beans and milk, the better the coffee is.C. Customers want more varieties of coffee.D. Customers rely on the brand image when they are making choices.20. A. Because the manual will be the latest version.B. Because it will tell customers detailed product information.C. Because it includes important policies and procedures.D. Because employees enjoy reading it.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.A ban on distracted walkingYou can’t walk down the street without passing so-called “smartphone zombies(僵尸).” They are too absorbed in their screen (21) _________ (watch) where they are going. Almost four in ten people admit having suffered a technology-related small accident (22) _________ they pay more attention to their electronic device than to the pavement.Now the city of Honolulu, Hawaii, has decided it’s time to take immediate action and make it illegal to cross the road while using a mobile phone. Those (23) ________ (catch) using phones, tablets or other electronic devices at crossing points could face a fine of up to $100.Honolulu is the first major U.S. city to ban (24) __________ is called “distracted walking.” It comes after a study found there (25)___________(be) more than 11,000 injuries in the United States resulting from phone-related distraction while walking in the past few years.To explain the decision, mayor Kirk Caldwell said, “We hold the unfortunate honor of being a major city (26) ___________more pedestrians are hit in crosswalks than almost any other city in the country.”Under the fine systems, (27) _________ breaks this law for the first time will get a fine of $15 to $35. People breaking the law for a second or third time will get a $99 fine.The law, which is called the Distracted Walking Law, does permit an exception. Pedestrians (28) ___________ use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.If you still want to text while walking, you could avoid (29) _________ (fine) in Honolulu by using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant. Or you could just wait (30) __________ you are again, safely, off the street.Section BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Giving kids allowances in the smartphone ageAllowances are a constant. No matter how much technology interferes with the parent-child relationship, kids still want money and parents still want to impart (赋予) a basic work ethic. But putting stickers on chore (日常事务) charts and dropping coins in piggy banks don’t cut it with the smartphone generation.Parents in search of more 31 ways to teach children the value of money are turning to allowance-tracking apps, where kids can see their 32 rise and fall in real time.Bonnie Koon, a mother of three in Crawfordville, Fla., used to post a calendar on her refrigerator 33 her kids chores, to the embarrassment of her 16-year-old twins. After seeing a Facebook ad for the app Greenlight, she 34 it.Greenlight links to parents’ bank accounts so that the payout can be seamless. Parents can encourage saving by paying interest on the money that isn’t spent 35 —interest out of the parents’ own pockets, of course.It’s the first taste of 36 freedom for many kids, and it’s set in a relatively safe environment. Parents can determine spending limits and choose the retailers（零售商）where a child can make 37 . Ifa child attempts to buy something at an unapproved store or to spend more than the limit, the transaction (交易) is38 and parents get a notification. And if a kid loses the card, parents can immediately cancel it from theapp.One of Ms. Koon’s twins, Brenna, works part time at a restaurant. She’s putting half of her pay check into a car-insurance savings fund she set up in the app, with the goal of saving $450 by July. With each 39 , the app gives Brenna a progress update.Some parents might worry that relying on apps to get kids to do chores only encourages them to be on their phones more. But parents who have chosen this approach argue that they are meeting their kids where they are and that it takes the 40 nagging(唠叨) out of the equation. The real-time look at their accounts makes the concepts of saving and spending more tangible than reviewing a bank statement.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you like to take a walk in the woods in the United States or you prefer to decorate a tree at Christmas, you should know that climate change is making both of those activities a lot more 41 .Looking at two 42 and economically important species——the Douglas fir and the Ponderosa pine ——scientists found that fires and drought 43 by climate change make new growth difficult, especially in low-elevation forests, according to a study published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.Some forests in four regions in California, Colorado, the Northern Rockies and the southwestern part of the United States have crossed “a(n) 44 climate tipping (转折) point for post-fire tree generation,” the study says.Climate conditions over the past 20 years have 45 changes that would have taken decades or even centuries to 46 across broad regions of the country. This is leading to the sudden 47 of trees and making these lands increasingly unsuitable for tree regeneration.“Climate change is 48 our forests now, not just in some distant future. Maybe in areas where there are really 49 seed sources, there could be some trees, but it is becoming really hard to get these trees back due to climate change,”said study co-author Kim Davis.The problem probably won’t get any better, as climate change is making intense wildfires much more 50 . Western foresters say there used to be a fire season. But devastating and 51 fires have become a reality all year long. In 2018, fire cost California more than $9.05 billion, according to the USA insurance commissioner, the deadliest and most destructive wildfire season in the 52 history.A higher number of fires and low seed availability means a high probability that these trees in these regions won’t come back, Davis said. This study 53 on the driest and hottest areas of the Western forests, but researchers will next try to focus on how much will be impacted.54 , there are some things people can do to ease some of this problem. Forest management plans that reduce high-severity burns can help. Increasingly, forest managers are considering allowing some fires to burn under more moderate conditions, Davis said. Forest 55 can also replant trees after fire, at least in the areas where climate conditions will allow.41. A. convenient B. difficult C. encouraging D. frustrating42. A. ecologically B. apparently C. physically D. financially43. A. destroyed B. worsened C. extended D. established44. A. necessary B. enormous C. critical D. invisible45. A. accelerated B. delayed C. eliminated D. strengthened46. A. transform B. spread C. preserve D. escape47. A. extinction B. decline C. tragedy D. increase48. A. sustaining B. abandoning C. facilitating D. endangering49. A. sufficient B. limited C. moderate D. approximate50. A. occasional B. common C. essential D. temporary51. A. astonishing B. hopeless C. costly D. irreversible52. A. world B. state C. human D. forest53. A. concentrated B. depended C. insisted D. commented54. A. As a result B. For example C. In fact D. What’s more55. A. savers B. managers C. researchers D. advocatesSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)EU members’ states have agreed to ban a toxic substance widely found in clothing because it poses an “acceptable risk” to the environment. Countries voted in favor of extending existing restrictions on nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPE) to imports of clothing and other textile products.The measure is intended to protect species in water. Use of NPE in textile manufacture in Europe was banned over 10 years ago but the substance is still released into the water environment through imported textiles being washed.NPE degrades in the environment into substances including nonylphenol (NP), which accumulates in the bodies of fish and disturbs their hormones, harming fertility, growth and sexual development.NPE is used in textile manufacture as a cleaning and dyeing agent. The EU decision notes that several studies have found NPE to be present in textile items.A 2011 study by Greenpeace found NPE in two-thirds of clothes tested, including items sold by big-name brands such as Adidas, H&M, Lacoste, and Ralph Lauren. The NGO (Non-Governmental Organizations) argued that although concentrations of NPE found in the clothes were low, the chemical’s existence in the environment posed a risk.The new ban on textiles containing NPE in concentrations equal to or greater than 0.01% will enter into force five years after it is adopted by the European Commission, which is likely to happen in September.In comments submitted to ECHA (European Chemicals Agency), clothing and textile firms have warned that obeying the restriction will be difficult because NPE is ubiquitous in the supply chain and has numerous uses.The new restriction will not apply to second-hand goods or recycled textiles because it is assumed that these will already have been washed several times so they contain negligible (微不足道的) amounts of NPE.EU countries must eliminate pollution of water bodies by NP as it is a priority substance under the Water Framework Directive. A 2013 study by the UK environment agency warned that emissions from textiles could prevent progress towards this objective. It found 29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPE, which was released during the first two washes by the consumer.56.The 2011 study by Greenpeace found ____________________.A.29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPEB. NPE had limited effects on aquatic speciesC. NPE was widely present in textile productsD. clothes of good quality had no concentrations of NPE57. What’s the possible meaning of the underlined part “is ubiquitous” in Paragraph 7?A. is legally protectedB. is not easy to be foundC. seems to be everywhereD. is uncommon58. What can we learn from the text?A. The original ban on use of NPE was very effective.B. Recycled textiles contain less NPE.C. The new ban on imports of textiles has come into force.D. The UK environment agency is optimistic about the new ban.59. Which section of the website does the text come from?A. Lifestyle.B. Technology.C. Business.D. Environment.(B)LettersComments on the March Issue40 Smart Ways to Saveat the SupermarketYour caution not to fall for fake sales reminded me of when I was a stock boy at my neighborhood grocery in the 1950s. One time, we got a delivery of off-band vegetables. I priced them at ten cents a can. I don’t think we sold more than six cans—until I put up a sign that said “Special: Nine for $1.” I set them out Thursday evening, and by noon on Saturday they were gone.Edward Deckerd,Perryville, MissouriTrapped Inside a GlacierReading about John All’s experience on Mount Himlung was very inspiring to me. A man with 15 broken bones and bleeding internally being able to climb up a 70-foot wall of ice and survive for 18 hours at 20,000 feet is something that I would have thought to be impossible. I am 16 years old and a lifelong reader. Out of all the great content in Reader’s Digest, stories like his are the ones I enjoy the most.Sam Kieffer,Richardson, TexasBill’s Last, Best GiftTracy Grant’s article resonated(与......产生共鸣) deeply with me. Twelve years ago, my husband, Don, was diagnosed with terminal brain cancer. As his caregiver, I, too, learned to appreciate the people and things around me and not to sweat the small stuff, and in the long run, I became a much better person. Don also gave me his last, best gift of love and peace.Antia Lawrence,San Diego, CaliforniaDishes Professional Chefs Cookin the MicrowaveMicrowaving live lobsters is inhumane and cruel. Because lobsters feel pain, Switzerland has recently outlawed the practice of boiling them live. A similar law was passed in Italy, where it is now illegal to put lobsters on ice before cooking them. I hope you provide an update to your story promoting humane practices instead of cruel and violent ones.Janet Toole,Phoenixville, Pennsylvania60.How did Antia Lawrence react to her husband’s diagnosis?A.She felt very painful.B.She gained some life lessons.C.She paid more attention to her own health.D.She showed deep sympathy for her husband.61.According to Sam Kieffer’s letter, what can be learn about John All?A.He is an expert in mountaineering.B.He wrote the article entitled Trapped Inside a Glacier.C.Not all people could survive in the same situation as he did.D.His story is the best one that Sam Kieffer has ever read in Reader’s Digest.62.Who is likely to disagree with what is said in the commented article?A.Edward Deckerd.B. Antia Lawrence.C. Sam Kieffer.D. Janet Toole(C)What makes us love some things and hate others? We know that sometimes even the tiniest change can result in a huge difference in how we perceive something, so is there any rhyme or reason to our tastes and preferences? Here are three factors which play a role.1.Conforming to expectationsIn London a few years ago, two talented rappers called Silibil N’ Brains took to the stage to perform at a music industry show for unsigned bands. They were an instant hit. Their outrageous West Coast-American style, brilliant rap lyrics and couldn’t-care-less attitude had the music industry’s talent spotters falling over themselves to sign the pair. In a short space of time, Silibil N’ Brains had a deal with a top management company, a contract with a major record label and an advance of $70, 000 —and they hadn’t even made a record. Before long, they were on tour with Eminem and out partying with Madonna. They were living the dream.But two years ago the same two rappers were laughed off stage by the same talent spotters for singing the same songs. So what was the difference? Amazingly, it was their accent. You see, Silibil N’ Brains weren’t, in fact, from West Coast U.S.A. at all. They were from Dundee in Scotland. During the first audition they had used their Scottish accents when rapping and it hadn’t gone down well. “They just laughed at us,” recalled Brains. “We were heartbroken. We went back to Scotland with our tail between our legs.” The lesson for them was that to succeed, you have to conform to expectations and at that time everyone expected rappers to be American.2.The benefit of hindsightSome people are simply ahead of their time. It’s common knowledge that Vincent van Gogh sold only one painting in his lifetime —the other 900 or so were unknown and unloved until after his death. Monet’s paintings, at least in his early career, was considered incomplete and ugly by critics at the time, while Vermeer, the painter of Girl With a Pearl Earring, even had to use his mother-in-law as a guarantor when he borrowed money —so unable was he to sell any of his work! Now that public taste has caught up with these artists, more or less anything they touched has an astronomical price tag attached to it. Perhaps the reason is that it just takes a while to get used to something —after all, not all beauty is obvious at first sight.3.A reassuring price tagIn a world where the range of products on offer can be completely bewildering, we often look to price as anindication of quality. We may think we prefer the expensive wine to the cheap one, but we may simply be influenced by the price tag. Even professionals can make the mistake. A researcher from the University of Bordeaux in France took an average bottle of red wine and poured it into two empty bottles, one with an expensive label and the other with a cheap one. Then he invited 57 wine “experts” to taste the wine. Forty of them recommended the wine from the expensive bottle, describing it as “agreeable”, “complex”, “balanced” and “rounded,” while the same wine from the cheap bottle was described as “weak” and “flat”, with only 12 of the experts recommending it. The study made the researcher unpopular with the French wine tasters, but he did prove that price has a significant impact on taste.63. Which of the following statements about Silibil N’ Brains is true?A. Talent spotters fell in love with them at first sight.B. They are from the West Coast of America.C. Their success was attributed to behaving and sounding like American rappers.D. They were friends with famous stars like Madonna even before they succeeded.64. The underlined phrase “with our tail between our legs” indicates that __________________.A. their first audition proved a failureB. they felt proud of their performanceC. they learned a valuable lessonD. being humble might contribute to their future success65. We can infer from the second factor that __________________________.A. some artists are better known when they are alive than when they are deadB. public taste usually falls behind famous artistsC. beauty at first sight lasts much longerD. Monet’s paintings are priceless because of their incompleteness66. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. A price tag always fails to indicate the quality of a product.B. A price tag is less likely to confuse customers than the packaging.C. Low price will make the wine unpopular with tasters.D. A price tag will cloud a person’s judgement of something.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentenceA. Between August and April, they sought food in low elevations (海拔) on China’s Qinling Mountains.B. Scientists think the research shows that pandas are very clever.C. Pandas eat bamboo all day long except when they are sleeping or playing.D. The gene for their “umami taste receptors” became inactive.E. They fed on them until they went back down the mountain and started eating Bashania fargesii leaves again.F. Scientists have conducted many studies on pandas’ eating habits.Are Bamboo-Eating Pandas Really Herbivores?On the outside, giant pandas look like herbivores (食草动物). They spendnearly all of their waking hours eating bamboo. But on the inside, they’re builtlike carnivores (食肉动物). About half of the calories they eat come from protein, according to a new study.The ancestor of giant pandas were omnivorous(杂食的). They ate both animals and plants, and had the digestive system and gut bacteria to metabolize (使发生新陈代谢) them. They had “umami taste receptors,” to appreciate the flavors of meat.However, about 2.4 million years ago, things began to change. 67 Their jaw and teeth evolved to help them crush bamboo, and their wrist bone became capable of grasping the stalks(秆) of their favorite plant. Scientists think pandas switched to eating bamboo partly because they didn’t have to fight with other animals to get it. Bamboo is high in fiber but has a low concentration of nutrients, so pandas have to eat 20 to 40 pounds of the plant every day just to get by.David Raubenheimer, a nutritional ecologist at the University of Sydney, and his colleagues put GPS trackers on two giant pandas and followed their movements throughout the year. They discovered that the pandas followed the protein. 68 At the start of the cycle, they ate Bashania fargesii leaves until they got the chance to feast on young shoots, which contained more protein.The more the shoots grew, the more their protein was diluted (冲淡) by fiber. That caused the pandas to move to higher ground, where Fargesia qinlingensis grew. First, they ate the shoots, but these, too, went from being protein-rich to fiber-rich as they grew. The pandas responded by switching to the leaves. 69 The researchers found that about half of the calories the pandas ate were in the form of protein.70 “They can know exactly where to go, and when to go, so they can get the most of the nutrients that their ecosystem can provide,” said Silvia Pineda-Munoz, who was not involved in the study.The work also shows that classifying an animal as herbivore or carnivore is more complex than one might assume. “It’s not whether you’re eating plants but what part of the plants you’re eating,” said Pineda-Munoz.IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71.Herbal MedicineHerbal medicine, which has been used for medicinal purposes, is the use of plants to treat diseases. Many herbalists use the entire plant, from the flowers, stems, leaves, and roots, in the form of everything from teas to pills. These plants contain natural, chemical things that can treat the body for a variety of diseases，such as allergies, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, migraine, chronic fatigue, and cancer, among others.Nowadays an increasing number of people prefer to adopt these plants to treat their diseases because, compared with chemical medicine, herbal medicine has its own advantages. Herbal medicine and remedies are more effective than chemical medicine for certain diseases. The chemical medicine given by a chemist could have certain negative side effects. However, many of the herbal medicine and remedies do not have negative side effects. If any, they are softer than chemical medicine. Obesity is the cause of many of the health problems. Herbal medicine can help weight loss more effectively and improve overall health.However, the cure using herbal medicine and supplements would take some time, and therefore people are supposed to possess enough patience. Worse still, herbal medicine contains a variety of ingredients and people have to be sure that their body agrees with the ingredients and that it is not allergic (过敏).A point worth mentioning here is that herbal remedies and medicine for certain illnesses may have negativeside effects. These side effects may not be shown at once, but would take months or even years. In the early stages, if the herbal medicine is not agreeing with you, it is wise to stop using it.When used correctly and directed by doctors, herbs can help treat a variety of diseases. But keep in mind that the herbal medicine industry is not regulated, so herbal products are often misleading and may contain additives that are not listed on the label. Some herbs may cause allergic reactions or interact with other drugs, and some are poisonous if used improperly or at high doses. Taking herbs on your own increases your risk.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.一闻到这种蛋糕的味道我就总会想起童年。
2020届高三二模英语试题（含答案）
2020届⾼三⼆模英语试题（含答案）⾼三英语试卷（2020.05）(满分140分，考试时间120分钟)I Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A Supermarket. B. Tailors shop. C. Department store. D. Convenience store.2. A. 200 pound. B. 600 pounds. C. 300 pounds. D. 700 pounds.3. A. Call the ticket office later. B. Order the tickets onlineC. Not to buy the ticket on the Internet.D. Order the tickets when it's not busy.4.A. Borrowing money from a business company. B Lending some money to a student.C. Asking for some financial aid. D Reading students’ application.5. A. The bed is to blame for his not falling asleep. B. He can fall asleep if he stops drinking.C. He can drink more to fall asleep easily.D. Drinking is good for sleeping.6. A. He is satisfied with the content. B. He feels sorry for it.C. He thinks it is valueless.D. He thinks it is valuable.7. A Professor Smith spoke Greek when he explained the maths problem.B. The woman still didn’t understand the maths problem.C. Unfortunately, she didn’t hear Professor Smiths explanation.D. Professor Smith didn't explain the problem clearly.8. A. Collect papers for the man. B. Do the typing once again.C. Check the paper for typing errors.D. Read the whole newspaper.9.A. Proceed in his own way. B. Stick to the original plan.C. Negotiate with his colleague.D. Try to change his colleagues mind.10. A. His project proved to be unsuccessful. B. He was unable to get sufficient money.C. Lack of land prevented his success.D. He was successful with his project.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s)and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s)and the passage(s). The conversation(s)and the passage (s) will beread twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following talk.11. A. To guide and help children's play. B. To give children an opportunity to play.C. To make children excited. D To keep children company.12. A. It determines the standard a child can reach.B. It is the happiest period during one's life.C. It is the most important time to shape one’s character.D. It is the best time for children to learn new thing.13. A. The relationship between play and learning.B. The way to help children develop both physically and mentally.C. The importance of children’s play.D. Different stages of children’s development.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It tends to wander towards unpleasant experiences.B. It wanders for almost half of their waking time.C. It has trouble concentrating after a brain injuryD. It tends to be affected by their negative feelings.15. A. To find how happiness relates to daydreaming.B. To observe how one’s mind affects one’s behavior.C. To see why daydreaming impacts what one is doing.D. To study the relation between health and daydreaming.16. A. Participants with clear goals in mind outperformed those without clear goals.B. The difference in performance between the two groups was insignificant.C. Non-daydreamers were more confused on their tasks than daydreamers.D. Daydreamers did better than non-daydreamers in task performance.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Their average lifespan was less than 50 years.B. It was very common for them to have 12 children.C. They retired from work much earlier than today.D. They were quite optimistic about their future.18. A. Get ready for ecological changes.B. Adapt to the new environment.C. Learn to use new technology.D. Explore ways to stay young.19. A. When all women go out to work.B. When family planning is enforced.C. When a world government is set up.D. When all people become wealthier.20. A. Eliminate poverty and injustice.B. Migrate to other planets.C. Control the environment.D. Find inexhaustible resources.Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks. use one word that best fits each blank.Plants Scream in the Face of StressFor the first time, researchers appear to have evidence that like animals, those plants deprived of water or(21)__________(force)to endure bodily harm can let out their pain. The study. (22)_________ has yet to be published in a scientific Journal, adds another dimension to scientists(23)________ (grow)understanding of how plants detect and interact with their surroundings.In recent years, it has become very clear that plants are more sensitive than researchers (24)_________ (think). They respond when touched by insects and turn toward sources of light. “Plants are not just robotic stimulus-response devices,”said Frantisek Baluska of the University of Bonn in Germany. “They’re living organisms which have their own problems.”Actually making their suffering hearable, however, is another matter entirely.(25)________(test) that possibility, a team led by Itzhak Khait, a plant scientist at Tel Aviv University in Israel, placed microphones capable of detecting ultrasonic frequencies(超声波频率) four inches from tomato and tobacco plants. The researcher then either stopped watering them or cut their stems.Measuring in the range of 20 to 150 kilohertz (千赫) the researchers found that even happy healthy plants madethe occasional noise. But when cut, tobacco plants emitted (26)_________average of 15 sounds within an hour of being cut,(27)_________tomato plants produced 25 sounds.(28)_______researchers aren’t yet sure how plants produce these sounds, Khait and his colleagues proposed one possibility in their paper (29)____________as water travels through the plants' tubes, air bubbles will form and explode, producing small vibrations.All this “screaming” caused by stress wasn’t in a range detectable by human ears. But organisms that can hear ultrasonic frequencies like mice, bats or perhaps other plants (30)________possibly hear the plants cries from as far away as 15 feet. Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Italians find “Moments of Joy in this Moment of Anxiety”It started with the national anthem. Then came the piano chords, trumpet blasts, violin serenades(⼩夜曲) and even theclanging of pots and pans--all of it (31)_________from people’s homes, out of windows and from balconies, and resounding across rooftops.Finally, on Saturday afternoon, a nationwide (32)__________of applause broke out for the doctors on the medical front lines fighting the spread of Europe’s worst coronavirus outbreak.Italians remain (33)_________under house arrest as the nation, the European front in the global fight against the coronavirus, has ordered extraordinary restrictions on their movement to prevent infection.But the music and noise erupting over the streets, from people (34)_________in their homes, reflects the spirit, resilience and humor of a nation facing its worst national emergency since the Second World War.To the extent that this is a virus that tries people' s souls, it has also demonstrated the (35)__________of those national characters.In China, patriotic truck drivers risked infection to bring(36)_________needed food to the people of Wuhan, the epicenter of the outbreak. In Iran, videos show doctors in full combat dress and masks dancing to keep (37)_______up. And in Italy, the gestures of gratitude and music ring out above the country’s empty streets, while social media feeds fill with(38)___________, sentimental and humorous web videos.Images of nurses collapsed from exhaustion or their faces bruised(使受瘀伤) from tightly(39)________maskshave also spread across the web in recent days. Parents posted pictures of unicorns and rainbows drawn by young children with the title “It will all be OK.”“We’re Italians, and loving singing is part of our culture,” said Giorgio Albertini, 51, an archaeology professor who clapped from his apartment balcony in the university district of Milan, calling it a way “to feel a community, and to have the(40)_________grief.”Ⅲ Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Making choices is hard. That would be why researcher Moran Cerf has (41)_________it from his life. As a rule, he always chooses the second menu item at a restaurant.This is (42)___________by his research in neuroeconomics(神经经济学)( a somewhat new, divisive field) at Northwestern University. As Business Insider describes, Cerf has extended his ideas which draw on some controversial ideas in psychology, including ego depletion out into a piece of advice that, to (43)_________happiness, people should "build a life that requires (44)________decisions by surrounding themselves with people who possess traits they prefer.On an instinctive level, Cerf’s idea (45)_____________: Many choices people make are the product of social pressures and the inputs of (46)___________people around them. One example Cerf furnishes is that, (47)________consistently ordering the second menu item. he never picks where to eat. Rather, he (48)________his decision to his dining partner which friend he plans to eat with, probably one he trusts and always lets them pick.While it's (49)__________what, if any, scientific principles underlie those pieces of advice, there is no shortage of research showing that choices can sometimes feel more(50)_______than liberating. An example from Quanta poits (假设): If you have a clear love of Snickers(⼠⼒架), choosing that over an Almond Joy(杏仁巧克⼒) or a Milky Way(⽜奶巧克⼒) should bea(51)________. And, as an experiment conducted by neuroscientist Paul Glimcher at NYU shows, most of the time it is, (52)_________you introduce more choices. When the participants were offered three candy bars (Snickers, Milky Way, and Almond Joy) they had no problem picking their favorite, but when they were given the option of one among 20, including Snickers, they would sometimes drift away from their (53)_____. When the choices were taken away in later trials. the participants would wonder what caused them to make such a bad decision.As Quanta details, according to a model called" 'divisive normalization(分裂归⼀化), which has gained some popularity, the way the brain encodes choices has a lot to do with how it values all its options. So, if you have twothings that are clearly (54)___________, brain areas involved in decision-making fire in a pattern that makes the decision clear. When the choices are comparable. the brain does its best to focus on the distinctions between the two, but more choices (55)_________ that ability out.41. A. relieved B. released C. eliminated D. liberated42. A. influenced B. inherited C. implemented D. informed43. A. maximize B. balance C. cherish D. seek44. A safer B. fewer C. better D. sounder45. A. stands out B comes into force C makes sense D. play a part46. A. distinguished B. trusted C. authorized D. honored47. A. in addition to B. instead of C. in spite of D. regardless of48. A. conveys B. relates C. submits D. limitsA. evidentB. unclearC. criticalD. inevitable50. A. confusing B. Inspiring C. worrying D. appealing51. A. stressor B. no-brainer C. challenge D. headache52. A. after B. before C. when D. until53. A. preference B. struggle C. status D. directionA. impressiveB. insignificantC. uniqueD. distinct55. A. crowd B. figure C. sort D. putSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)One spring day, once the flowers have begun to open, a bee will hover (盘旋)and zip through your yard and dive-bomb your picnic table. While you're thinking about avoiding an attack, that bee is focused on something else entirely: me.A honeybee has about six weeks to live. Today, like most days, her task is to fly as many as three miles from home. stick her long. straw like tongue into a hundred or so flowers. When the bee has had her fill. she’ll fly home. There the bee will deposit what she has got into the mouth of one of her co-workers, who will relay it to another, and so on for about 20 minutes, until the mixture is ready to be placed into the comb. Then she and her 50.000 or so mates will hover in the dark all night every night, flapping their wings to create hot, breezy conditions to remove the waterfrom the mixture. Several sunrises later, they will seal me off in a golden cell of beeswax. In her lifetime, our bee may visit 4,000 flowers, and yet will produce only one-twelfth a tea spoon of me.The average American consumes nearly a pound and a half of me every year, in tea, on toast, and beyond. If I do say so myself, I am a timeless treasure. Literally I never go bad.Unfortunately, my good health is not guaranteed. The problem lies in the growth of industrial agriculture and the use of pest control chemicals, as well as changes in weather patterns, all of which reduce the number of flowers bees have to visit. I’d appreciate your letting your own garden grow just a little wild. My future depends on all of us fostering spring and summers wild flowers, thus helping the bees, who give so much to you, to me without ever asking for anything in return.56. What does “me” refer to in the passage?A. The flower.B. The bee.C. Water. D Honey.57. What is the 2nd paragraph mainly about?A. Bees’ special talent.B. Bees’ hard work.C. Bees’ living environment.D. Bees’ social behavior.58. Which one of the following is true according to the passage?A. A bee will always prioritize attacking picnic lovers.B. Before “me” is sealed off in beeswax, the drying process can take a few nights.C. The lifework of a bee satisfies the average demand of an American consumer annually.D. Bees are more likely to visit those deliberately pest-controlled gardens59. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To appeal for help for honeybees.B. To talk about the history of a treasure.C. To put forward techniques for gardeners.D. To argue against the control of chemicals.(B)Get Your Unlimited Card at Cineworld CinemasEnjoy Unlimited FilmsWatch all the films you want at any Cineworld for just one monthly price.Being an Unlimited card holder gives you access to all the 2D films you canhandle for one monthly price. Watch what you want, when you want as manytimes as you want. Plus, save money when watching films in 3D and others.After you've been with us for more than I year we'll upgrade you to a Premium Card and you' ll get into 3D films completely free too! Start enjoying today by using a temporary pass while you wait for your card to arrive in the post.Save On Snacks And DrinksGet 10% off all in-cinema food and drink. Plus get 10% off atCineworld Starbucks licensed stores. First year card holders get 10%o off,whilst Premium card holders get 25% off Cineworld's in-cinema food anddrinks including, all drinks, popcorn, nachos, hotdogs, ice cream, pick nmix and much more. Plus all card holders get 10% discounts at Cineworld Starbucks licensed stores. All you need to do is show your card at the counter and your discount will be applied.Recommend A FriendUnlimited members can get free months of membership when theyrecommend Unlimited to their friends!Recommend Unlimited to your friends and well give you free monthsof membership to say thank you. For every friend that signs up using yourunique Recommend a Friend code you will both receive one month’s free membership once they have been an active Unlimited member for 90 days. The free month will be automatically added to the end of your current subscription. You can earn a maximum of 12 Free Months with your Recommend a Friend code, so recommend Unlimited to 12 friends and you could get a full year of free Unlimited cinema!60. The cinema names its membership card “Unlimited” because__________.A. one can have the benefits for good upon joining the membership.B. Cineworld members can enjoy as many 2D and 3D films as they like for free.C. it frees a member from any regular payment to the movie tickets at Cineworld.D. card holders can share limitless discounts and offers with friends and relatives.61. Which of the statement is TRUE according to the passage?A. The benefits above are not available until the card is delivered.B. Premium card holders can have 25%o off at a licensed Starbucks.C. Whoever persuades 6 friends into Unlimited can enjoy a half year of free membership.D. A second year of investment is worthwhile if you are a cinema goer.62. This passage is probably written to____________.A. secure the loyalty of potential customers.B. introduce the latest movies and discounts.C promote the popularity of Cineworld cinemas.D. give away movie cards to readers for free.(C)A rare hole has opened up in the ozone layer above the Arctic, in what scientists say is the result of unusually low temperatures in the atmosphere above the north pole.The hole, which has been tracked from space and the ground over the past few days, has reached record dimensions, but is not expected to pose any danger to humans unless it moves further south. If it extends further south overpopulated areas, such as southern Greenland, people would be at increased risk of sunburn. However, on current trends the hole is expected to disappear altogether in a few weeks.Low temperatures in the northern polar regions led to an unusual stable polar vortex(极地漩涡) and the presence of ozone-destroying chemicals such as chlorine(氯)in the atmosphere-from human activities caused the hole to form.“The hole is principally a geophysical curiosity.” said Vincent-Henri Peuch, director of the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service. “We monitored unusual dynamic(动态的)conditions, which drive the process of chemical depletion of ozone. Those dynamics allowed for lower temperatures and a more stable vortex than usual over the Arctic, which then triggered the formation of polar stratospheric(平流层的)clouds and the catalytic(催化的) destruction of ozone.”The hole is not related to the Covid-19 shutdowns that have dramatically cut air pollution and reduced greenhouse gas emissions. It is also too early to say whether the unusually stable Arctic polar vortex conditions are linked with the climate crisis, or part of normal stratospheric weather variability.Peuch said there were no direct implications for the climate crisis. Temperatures in the region are already increasing, slowing the depletion of ozone, and the hole will start to recover as polar air mixes with ozone rich air from lower latitudes. The last time similar conditions were observed was in spring 2011.While a hole over the Arctic is a rare event, the much larger hole in the ozone layer over the Antarctic has been a major cause for concern for more than four decades. The production of ozone depleting chemicals has been dramatically reduced, under the1987 Montreal Protocol(蒙特利尔协议), but some sources appear still to be functioning in 2018unauthorized emissions were detected from some areas.New sources of ozone depleting chemicals were not a factor in the hole observed in the Arctic, said Peuch. “However, this is a reminder that one should not take the Montreal Protocol measures for granted and that observations from the ground and from satellites are central to avoid a situation where the ozone destroying chemical level in the stratosphere could increase again.”63. What is the possible meaning of the underlined word “depletion”?A. replacement.B. consumption.C. increase.D. production.64. According to the passage, scientists are concerned about the hole because____________.A. it is expected to be a threat to the mankind.B. the new hole is caused by air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.C. it may encourage further scientific research and environmental awareness.D. it wars us of an oncoming climate crisis.65. What can be learned from the last two paragraphs?A. The hole over the Arctic shares the same causes as the one over the Antarctic.B. Human activities are highly responsible for producing ozone-destroying chemicals.C. The Montreal Protocol has successfully prevented new emissions.D. Some new illegal emissions are to blame for the hole over the Arctic.66. The best title for the passage is probably_________.A. Record-size Hole Opens in Ozone Layer above the Arctic.B Actions Urgently Needed for a New Hole in Ozone Layer.C Environmental Disaster and International Cooperation.D. How a Hole in Ozone Affects our Life on Earth.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.People like to post their selfies(⾃拍照)on social media. To know more about it, scientists at Syracuse University in New Yorkrecently did a research and came up with some surprising findings.People who post selfies and use editing software to make themselves look better show behaviors connected to narcissism, the researchers said. (67)_________Makana Chock, a professor from Syracuse University. said because social media is mostly used by people to share unimportant information about their lives, it is a good place for people to “work towards satisfying their own vanity.” Those “likes” under their Facebook selfies make them feel good.(68)_________Some people feel “peer pressure” to post selfies and some follow the popular belief that if there is no picture of an event or experience. it did not really happen. “Anyway, it shouldn’t be seen as negative. People get sense of satisfaction especially when they get likes. And it does no harm,” Chock said.Other findings from the study include: There are no major differences on how often men and women post selfies and how often they use editing software. (69)_______Chock said posting selfies on social media is not all that different from what people have done for many years. On trips and special events, our parents and grandparents used cameras instead of phones to take photos. They would bring back photos to show friends and family. You had no choice but to look at them. You probably commented about how nice everyone in the photos looked, especially children and the person showing the photos. They were happy to hear your comments.(70)__________On social media, however, people can decide not to look at photos even if they click “like”.TV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage, Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.It's natural to feel the need to control something when everything around you feels out of control, and you feel helpless. When a friend of mine first heard about the coronavirus outbreak. she got down on her hand. and knees and cleaned her kitchen floor. She told me, “My floor wasn’t even dirty, but doing something constructive made me feel in control and that I was holding on to my power, despite the desperate circumstances.”Your most powerful weapon against uncertainty is your perspective because nobody and no situation can take that from you unless you give it away. Your perspective can victimize or empower you. When you look for the upside in a downside situation and figure out what you can control and what you can't, it's easier to accept whatever is beyond your control.⾼三英语调研测试（试卷参考答案）I Listening ComprehensionSection A1-5 BDBCB6-10 CBCCDSection B11-13 AAC14-16 BAD17-20 ACDCII. Grammar and V ocabularySection A21. forced22 which23. growing 24. thought25. To test27. while28. Although/While/Thou29. that30 could/canSection B31-40 IBACG FDEKJIII Reading ComprehensionSection A41-55 CDABC BADBA BDADASection B56-59 DBBA60-62CDA63-66 BCBASection C67-70 CBFDTV. Summary WritingFor reference:Strengthening or retrieving a sense of control is a natural demand. First, good perspective is of the greatest help, for evaluating the situation properly brings a clearer picture. Second, kind behaviors during tough times can secure you a sense of control as well. Third, actions and thoughts of positivity also help as they may create hope and optimism.It's essential to feel you can control something in a crisis or emergency. Positive perspective is the most important, since it will ensure you confidence and power to pull through the difficult situation. Then doing small good deeds can free you from worry temporarily by helping others. Lastly. take some positive action to arouse the hope within you.V. Translation72. Never before have we been so eager/keen to go to school as we are now.73. Why not do something you love but don’t have time to do since you can only stay at home?74. In Europe many coffee houses which serve as ideal places for social interaction have to close their stores to respond to the public health crisis.75. It turns out that when our country is facing difficulties, every Chinese, whether at home or abroad is willing to make contributions to their motherland.。
2020届上海市金山区高三英语二模试题及答案word
2020上海金山高三英语二模I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a hospital. B. In a school.C. In a kindergarten.D. In a tourist office.2. A. Improving her cooking skills. B. Tasting the food made by Tom.C. Having a picnic.D. Showcasing her talents to Tom.3. A. Supportive.B. Hesitant.C. Indifferent.D. Disapproving.4. A. In January.B. Until winter vacation.C. During Christmas season.D. Right now.5. A. The foundation of the theatre. B. A change to the theatre.1/ 37C. The removal of the seats.D. The figure of the audience.6. A. It can help to find the patients easilyB. It can record patients' conditions.C. It gives patients medical advice.D. It makes records available to doctors and nurses.7. A. He doesn't want to draw.B. He prefers to make the labor division himself.C. He is good at drawing.D. He is happy because he doesn't have to draw.8. A. The key to the woman's success.B. The changes on the market.C. The management of the woman's company.D. The feeling of being a manager.9. A. To paint the doors. B. To paint the ceiling.C. To continue his job.D. To take the job home2/ 3710. A. Because she is accustomed to the food there.B. Because the food is better there than at the school dining hall.C. Because it is a quiet place.D. Because they can't go to the school dining hall.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several passages and longer conversations, after each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversations will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Factors determining intelligence.B. A story of identical twins.C. The importance of intelligence.D. How to get a higher IQ.12. A. Because only one could enter college.B. Because they were abandoned by their parents.C. Because their parents died when they were only babies.D. Because the psychologists did an experiment researching human intelligence.13. A. John got a better education than his identical brother. Peter.B. Children growing up in wealthy families are smarter.3/ 37C. Environment is important to the development of one's intelligence.D. An isolated community has more educational opportunities.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Unwrapping a new album.B. Having a newly-bought car.C. Entering a newly-purchased house.D. Having access to an online account.15. A. It is nice to share the account on Amazon.B. The sharing economy makes full use of cars.C. Consumers consider ownership more important than access.D. The sharing economy makes clear relationship between consumers and products.16. A. The sharing economy develops car manufacturing.B. It is good for environment to increase the usage of goods.C. The sharing economy reshapes the market and benefits people.D. In the sharing economy, companies bridge the gap between people and resources.Questions 17 and 18 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Products.B. Locations.4/ 37C. Coffee making techniques.D. Staff quality.18. A. She made a questionnaire.B. She talked with customers.C. She wrote a handbook for the employeesD. She applied for a job at Starbucks.19. A. Customers are especially concerned about the service of a cafe.B. The more expensive the coffee beans and milk, the better the coffee is.C. Customers want more varieties of coffee.D. Customers rely on the brand image when they are making choices.20. A. Because the manual will be the latest version.B. Because it will tell customers detailed product information.C. Because it includes important policies and procedures.D. Because employees enjoy reading it.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A ban on distracted walking5/ 37You can’t walk down the street without passing so-called “smart-phone zombies（僵尸）.” They are too absorbed in their screen (21) _________ (watch) where they are going. Almost four in ten people admit having suffered a technology-related small accident (22) _________ they pay more attention to their electronic device than to the pavement.Now the city of Honolulu, Hawaii, has decided it’s time to take immediate action and make it illegal to cross the road while using a mobile phone. Those (23) _________ (catch) using phones, tablets or other electronic devices at crossing points could face a fine of up to $ 100.Honolulu is the first major U. S. city to ban (24) _________ is called “distracted walking.” It comes after a study found there (25) _________ (be) more than 11,000 injuries in the United States resulting from phone-related distraction while walking in the past few years.To explain the decision, mayor Kirk Caldwell said, “We hold the unfortunate honor of being a major city (26) _________ more pedestrians are hit in crosswalks than almost any other city in the country.”Under the fine systems. (27) _________ breaks this law for the first time will get a fine of $15 to $35. People breaking the law for a second or third time will get a $99 fine.The law, which is called the Distracted Walking Law, does permit an exception. Pedestrians (28) _________ use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.If you still want to text while walking, you could avoid (29) _________ (fine) in Honolulu by using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant. Or you could just wait (30) _________ you are again, safely, off the street.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.6/ 37Giving kids allowances in the smart-phoneAllowances are a constant. No matter how much technology interferes with the parent-childrelationship, kids still want money and parents still want to impart（赋予）a basic work ethic. But putting stickers on chore（日常事务）charts and dropping coins in piggy banks don’t cut it with the smart-phone generation.Parents in search of more _____31_____ ways to teach children the value of money are turning to allowance-tracking apps, where kids can see their ______32______ rise and fall in real time.Bonnie Koon, a mother of three in Crawfordville, Fla., used to post a calendar on her refrigerator _____33______ her kids chores, to the embarrassment of her 16-year-old twins. After seeing a Facebook ad for the app Green-light, she ____34_____ it.Green-light links to parents’ bank accounts so that the payout can be seamless. Parents can encourage saving by paying interest on the money that isn’t spent ____35____ -- interest out of the parents’ own pockets, of course.It’s the first taste of ____36____ freedom for many kids, and it’s set in a relatively safe environment. Parents can determine spending limits and choose the retailers（零售商）where a child can make _____37_____. If a child attempts to buy something at an unapproved store or to spend more than the limit, the transaction（交易）is _____38_____ and parents get a notification. And if a kid loses the card, parents can immediately cancel it from the app.One of Ms. Koon’s twins. Brenna, works part time at a restaurant. She’s putting half of her pay check into a car-insurance savings fund she set up in the app, whit the goal of saving $450 by July. With each _____39______, the app gives Brenna a progress update.Some parents might worry that relying on apps to get kids to do chores only encourages themto be on their phones more. But parents who have chosen this approach argue that they are meeting7/ 37their kids where they are and that it takes the _____40_____ nagging（唠叨）out of the equation. The real-time look at their accounts makes the concepts of saving and spending more tangible than reviewing a bank statement.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you like to take a walk in the woods in the United States or you prefer to decorate a tree at Christmas, you should know that climate change is making both of those activities a lot more ____41____.Looking at two ____42____ and economically important species -- the Douglas fir and the Ponderosa pine -- scientists found that fires and drought _____43_____ by climate change make new growth difficult, especially in low-elevation forests, according to a study published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.Some forests in four regions in California, Colorado, the Northern Rockies and the southwestern part of the United States have crossed “a(n) ____44____ climate tipping（转折）point for post-fire tree generation,” the study says.Climate conditions over the past 20 years have _____45_____ changes that would have taken decades or even centuries to ____46____ across broad regions of the country. This is leading to the sudden _____47_____ of trees and making these lands increasingly unsuitable for tree regeneration.“Climate changes is _____48_____ our forests now, not just in some distant future. Maybe in areas where there are really _____49_____ seed sources, there could be some trees, but it is becoming really hard to get these trees back due to climate change,” said study co-author Kim Davis.8/ 37The problem probably won’t get any better, as climate change is making intense wildfires much more _____50_____. Western foresters say there used to be a fire season. But devastating and ____51____ fires have become a reality all year long. In 2018, fire cost California more than $9.05 billion, according to the USA insurance commissioner, the deadliest and most destructive wildfires season in the ______52______ history.A higher number of fires and low seed availability means a high probability that these trees in these regions won’t come back, Davis said. This study _____53______ on the driest and hottest areas of the Western forests, but researchers will next try to focus on how much will be impacted._____54____, there are some things people can do to ease some of this problem. Forest management plans that reduce high-severity burns can help. Increasingly, forest managers are considering allowing some fires to burn under more moderate conditions, Davis said, Forest _____55_____.41. A. convenient B. difficult C. encouraging D. frustrating42. A. ecologically B. apparently C. physically D. financially43. A. destroyed B. worsened C. extended D. established44. A. necessary B. enormous C. critical D. invisible45. A. accelerated B. delayed C. eliminated D. strengthened46. A. transform B. spread C. preserve D. escape47. A. extinction B. decline C. tragedy D. increase48. A. sustaining B. abandoning C. facilitating D. endangering49. A. sufficient B. limited C. moderate D. approximate50. occasional B. common C. essential D. temporary51. A. astonishing B. hopeless C. costly D. irreversible9/ 3752. A. world B. state C. human D. forest53. A. concentrated B. depended C. insisted D. commented54. A. As a result B. For example C. In fact D. What’s more55. A. savers B. managers C. researchers D. advocatesSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)EU members’ states have agreed to ban a toxic substance widely found in clothing because it poses an “acceptable risk” to the environment. Countries voted in favor of extending existing restrictions on nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPE) to imports to clothing and other textile products.The measure is intended to protect species in water. Use of NPE in textile manufature in Europe was banned over 10 years ago but the substance is still released into the water environment through imported textiles being washed.NPE degrades in the environment into substances including nonylphenol (NP), which accumulates in the bodies of fish and disturbs their hormones, harming fertility, growth and sexual development.NPE is used in textile manufacture as a cleaning and dyeing agent. The EU decision notes that several studies have found NPE to be present in textile items.A 2011 study by Greenpeace found NPE in two-thirds of clothes tested, including items sold10/ 37by big-name brads such as Adidas, H&M, Lacoste, and Ralph Lauren. The NGO (Non-Governmental Organizations) argued that although concentrations of NPE found in the clothes were low, the chemical’s existence in the environment posed a risk.The new ban on textiles containing NPE in concentrations equal to or greater than 0.01% will enter into force five years after it is adopted by the European Commission, which is likely to happen in September.In comments submitted to ECHA (European Chemicals Agency), clothing and textile firms have warned that obeying the restriction will be difficult because NPE ubiquitous in the supply chain and has numerous uses.The new restriction will not apply to second-hand goods or recycled textiles because it is assumed that these will already have been washed several times so they contain negligible（微不足道的）amounts of NPE.EU countries must eliminate pollution of water bodies by NP as it is a priority substance under the Water Framework Directive. A 2013 study by the UK environment agency warned that emissions from textiles could prevent progress towards this objective. It found 29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPE, which was released during the first two washes by the consumer.56. The 2011 study by Greenpeace found _________.A. 29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPEB. NPE had limited effects on aquatic speciesC. NPE was widely present in textile productsD. clothes of good quality had no concentrations of NPE57. What’s the possible meaning of the underlined part “is ubiquitous” is Paragraph 7?A. is legally protectedB. is not easy to be found11/ 37C. seems to be every whereD. is uncommon58. What can we learn from the text?A. The original ban on use of NPE was very effective.B. Recycled textile contain less NPE.C. The new ban on imports of textile has come into force.D. The UK environment agency is optimistic about the new ban.59. Which section of the website does the text come from?A. lifestyleB. technology.C. Business.D. Environment.(B)LettersComments on the March Issue12/ 3760. How did Antia Lawrence react to her husband’s diagnosis?A. She felt very painful.B. She gained some life lessons.C. She paid more attention to her own health.D. She showed deep sympathy for her husband.61. According to Sam Kieffer’s letter, what can be learn about John All?A. He is an expert in mountaineeringB. He wrote the article entitled Trapped Inside a Glacier.C. Not all people could survive in the same situation as he did.D. His story is the best one that Sam Kieffer has ever read in Reader’s Digest.13/ 3762. Who is likely to disagree with what is said in the commented article?A. Edward Deckerd.B. Antia Lawrence.C. Sam Kieffer.D. Janet Toole(C)What makes us love some things and hate others? We know that sometimes even the tiniest change can result in a huge difference in how we perceive something, so is there any rhyme or reason to our tastes and preferences? Here are three factors which play a role.1. Conforming to expectationIn London a few years ago, two talented rappers called Silibil N’ Brains took to the stage to perform at a music industry show for unsigned bands. They were an instant hit. Their outrageous West Coast - American style, brilliant rap lyrics and couldn’t - care - less attitude had the music industry’s talent spotters falling over themselves to sign the pair. In a short space of time, Silibil N’ Brains had a deal with a top management company, a contract with a major record label and an advance of $70,000 -- and they hadn’t even made a record. Before long, they were on tour with Eminem and out partying with Madonna. They were living the dream.But two years ago the same two rappers were laughed off stage by the same talent spotters for singing the same sons. So what was the difference? Amazingly, it was their accent. You see, Silibil N’ Brains weren’t, in fact, from West Coast U. S. A. at all. They were from Dundee in Scotland. During the first audition they had used their Scottish accents when rapping and it had not gone down well. “They just laughed at us,” recalled Brains. “We were heartbroken. We went back to Scotland with our tail between our legs”. The lesson for them was that to succeed, you have to conform to expectations and at that time everyone expected rappers to be American.2. The benefit of hindsightSome people are simply ahead of their time. It’s common knowledge that Vincent van Gogh sold only one painting in his lifetime -- the other 900 or so were unknown and unloved until after14/ 37his death. Monet’s paintings. at least in his early career, was considered incomplete and ugly by critics at the time, while Vermeer, the painter of Girl With a Pearl Earring, even had to use his mother-in-law as a guarantor when he borrowed money -- so unable was he to sell any of his work! Now that public taste has caught up with these artists, more or less anything they touched has an astronomical price tag attached to it. Perhaps the reason is that it just takes a while to get used to something -- after all, not all beauty is obvious at first sight.3. A reassuring price tagIn a world where the range of products on offer can be completely bewildering, we often look to price as an indication of quality. We may think we prefer the expensive wine to the cheap one, but we may simply be influenced by the price tag. Even professionals can make the mistake. A researcher from the University of Bordeaux in France took an average bottle of red wine and poured it into two empty bottles, on with an expensive label and the other with a cheap one. Then he invited 57 wine “experts” to taste the wine. Forty of them recommended the wine from the expensive bottle, describing it as “agreeable”, “complex”, “balanced” and “rounded.” while the same wine from the expensive bottle, describing it as “agreeable”, “complex”, “balanced” and “rounded,” while the same wine from the cheap bottle was described as “weak” and “flat”, with only 12 of the experts recommending it. The study made the researcher unpopular with the French wine tasters, but he did prove that price has a significant impact on taste.63. Which of the following statements about Silibil N’ Brains is true?A. Talent spotters fell in love with them at first sight.B. They are from the West Coast of AmericaC. Their success was attributed to behaving and sounding like American rappers.D. They were friends with famous stars like Madonna even before they succeeded.64. The underlined phrases “with our tail between our legs” indicates that _________.A. their first audition proved a failureB. they felt proud of their performance15/ 37C. they learned a valuable lessonD. being humble might contribute to their future success65. We an infer from the second factor that ________.A. some artists are better known when they are alive than when they are deadB. public taste usually falls behind famous artistsC. beauty at first sight lasts much longerD. Monet’s paintings are priceless because of their incompleteness66. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. A price tag always fails to indicate the quality of a product.B. A price tag is less likely to confuse customers than the packaging.C. Low price will make the wine unpopular with tastersD. A price tag will cloud a person’s judgement of something.Section CDirections: Read the following. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.16/ 37Are Bamboo-Eating Pandas Really Herbivores?On the outside, giant pandas look like herbivores（食草动物）. They spend nearly all of their waking hours eating bamboo. But on the inside, they’re built like carnivores（食肉动物）. About half of the calories they eat come from protein, according to a new study.The ancestor of giant pandas were omnivorous（杂食的）. They are both animals and plants, and had the digestive system and gut bacteria to metabolize（使发生新陈代谢）them. They had “umami taste receptors,” to appreciate the flavors of meat.However, about 2.4 million years ago, things began to change. _____67_____ Their jaw and teeth evolved to help them crush bamboo, and their wrist bone became capable of grasping the stalks （杆）of their favorite plant. Scientists think pandas switched to eating bamboo partly because they didn’t have to fight with other animals to get it. Bamboo is high in fiber but has a low concentration of nutrients, so pandas have to eat 20 to 40 pounds of the plant every day just to get by.David Raubenheimer, a nutritional ecologist at the University of Sydney, and his colleagues17/ 37put GPS trackers on two giant pandas and followed their movement throughout the year. They discovered that the pandas followed the protein. _______68______ At the start of the cycle, they ate Bashania fargesii leaves until they got the chance to feast on young shoots, which contained more protein.The more the shoots grew, the more their protein was diluted（冲淡）by fiber. That caused the pandas to move to higher ground, where Fargesia qinlingensis grew. First, they ate the shoots, but these, too, went from being protein - rich to fiber-rich as they grew. The panda responded by switching to the leaves. ______69______ The researchers found that about half of the calories the pandas ate were in the form of protein._______70_______ “They can know exactly where to go, and when to go, so they can get the most of the nutrients that their ecosystem can provide,” said Silvia Pineda - Munoz, who was not involved in the study.The work also shows that classifying an animals as herbivore or carnivore is more complex than one might sassume. “It’s not whether you’re eating plants but what of the plants you’re eating,” said Pineda - Munoz.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71. Herbal MedicineHerbal medicine, which has been used for medicinal purposes, is the use of plants to treat diseases. Many herbalists use the entire plant, from the flowers, stems, leaves, and roots, in the form of everything from teas to pills. These plants contain natural, chemical things that can treat the body for a variety of diseases, such as allergies, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, migraine, chronic fatigue, and cancer, among others.18/ 37Nowadays an increasing number of people prefer to adopt these plants to treat their diseases because, compared with chemical medicine, herbal medicine has its own advantages. Herbal medicine and remedies are more effective than chemical medicine for certain diseases. The chemical medicine given by a chemist could have certain negative side effects. However, many of the herbal medicine and remedies to not have negative side effects. If any, they are softer than chemical medicine. Obesity is the cause of many of the health problems. Herbal medicine can help weight loss more effectively and improve overall health.However, the cure using herbal medicine and supplements would take some time, and therefore people are supposed to possess enough patience. Worse still, herbal medicine contains a variety of ingredients and people have to be sure that their body agrees with the ingredients and that it is not allergic（过敏）.A point worth mentioning here is that herbal remedies and medicine for certain illnesses may have negative side effects. These side effects may not be shown at once, but would take months or even years. In the early stages, if the herbal medicine is not agreeing with you, it is wise to stop using it.When used correctly and directed by doctors, herbs can help treat a variety of disease. But keep in mind that the herbal medicine industry is not regulated, so herbal products are often misleading and may contain additives that are not listed on the label. Some herbs may cause allergic reactions or interact with other drugs, and some are poisonous if used improperly or at high doses. Taking herbs on your own increases your risk.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 一闻到这种蛋糕的味道我就总会想起童年。
上海市金山区高三英语二模英语试题
2020届上海市金山区高三英语二模英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、用单词的适当形式完成短文Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A ban on distracted walkingYou can’t walk down the street without passing so-called ''smart-phone zombies(僵尸). '' They are too absorbed in their screen 1．(watch) where they are going. Almost four in ten people admit having suffered a technology-related small accident 2．they pay more attention to their electronic device than to the pavement.Now the city of Honolulu, Hawaii, has decided it’s time to take immediate action and make it illegal to cross the road while using a mobile phone. Those 3．(catch) using phones, tablets or other electronic devices at crossing points could face a fine of up to $ 100.Honolulu is the first major U. S. city to ban 4．is called ''distracted walking. '' It comes after a study that found there 5．(be) more than 11,000 injuries in the United States resulting from phone-related distraction while walking in the past few years.To explain the decision, mayor Kirk Caldwell said, ''We hold the unfortunate honor of being a major city 6．more pedestrians are hit in crosswalks than almost any other city in the country. ''Under the fine systems. 7．breaks this law for the first time will get a fine of $15 to $35. People breaking the law for a second or third time will get a $99 fine.The law, which is called the Distracted Walking Law, does permit an exception. Pedestrians 8．use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.If you still want to text while walking, you could avoid 9．(fine) in Honolulu by using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant. Or you could just wait 10．you are again, safely, off the street.二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be usedonly once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Giving kids allowances in the smart-phoneAllowances are a constant. No matter how much technology interferes with theparent-child relationship, kids still want money and parents still want to impart(赋予)a basic work ethic. But putting stickers on chore(日常事务)charts and dropping coins in piggy banks don't cut it with the smart-phone generation.Parents in search of more 11．ways to teach children the value of money are turning to allowance-tracking apps, where kids can see their 12．rise and fall in real time.Bonnie Koon, a mother of three in Crawfordville, Fla., used to post a calendar on her refrigerator 13．her kids chores, to the embarrassment of her 16-year-old twins. After seeing a Facebook ad for the app Green-light, she 14．it.Green-light links to parents' bank accounts so that the payout can be seamless. Parents can encourage saving by paying interest on the money that isn’t spent 15．-- interest out of the parents' own pockets, of course.It's the first taste of 16．freedom for many kids, and it's set in a relatively safe environment. Parents can determine spending limits and choose the retailers(零售商)where a child can make 17．. If a child attempts to buy something at an unapproved store or to spend more than the limit, the transaction(交易)is 18．and parents get a notification. And if a kid loses the card, parents can immediately cancel it from the app.One of Ms. Koon's twins. Brenna, works part time at a restaurant. She's putting half of her pay check into a car-insurance savings fund she set up in the app, whit the goal of saving $450 by July. With each 19．, the app gives Brenna a progress update.Some parents might worry that relying on apps to get kids to do chores only encourages them to be on their phones more. But parents who have chosen this approach argue that they are meeting their kids where they are and that it takes the 20．nagging(唠叨)out of the equation. The real-time look at their accounts makes the concepts of saving and spending more tangible than reviewing a bank statement.三、完形填空If you like to take a walk in the woods in the United States or you prefer to decorate a tree at Christmas, you should know that climate change is making both of those activities a lot more 21 .Looking at two 22 and economically important species - the Douglas fir and the Ponderosa pine -scientists found that fires and drought 23 by climate change make new growth difficult, especially in low-elevation forests, according to a study published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.Some forests in four regions in California, Colorado, the Northern Rockies and the southwestern part of the United States have crossed ''a(n) 24 climate tipping(转折)point for post-fire tree generation, '' the study says.Climate conditions over the past 20 years have 25 changes that would have taken decades or even centuries to 26 across broad regions of the country. This is leading to the sudden 27 of trees and making these lands increasingly unsuitable for tree regeneration.''Climate changes is 28 our forests now, not just in some distant future. Maybe in areas where there are really 29 seed sources, there could be some trees, but it is becoming really hard to get these trees back due to climate change, '' said study co-author Kim Davis.The problem probably won't get any better, as climate change is making intense wildfires much more 30 . Western foresters say there used to be a fire season. But devastating and 31 fires have become a reality all year long. In 2018, fire cost California more than $9.05 billion, according to the USA insurance commissioner, the deadliest and most destructive wildfires season in the 32 history.A higher number of fires and low seed availability means a high probability that these trees in these regions won't come back, Davis said. This study 33 on the driest and hottest areas of the Western forests, but researchers will next try to focus on how much will be impacted.34 , there are some things people can do to ease some of this problem. Forest management plans that reduce high-severity burns can help. Increasingly, forest managers are considering allowing some fires to burn under more moderate conditions, Davis said, Forest 35 .21．A．convenient B．difficult C．encouraging D．frustrating22．A．ecologically B．apparently C．physically D．financially 23．A．destroyed B．worsened C．extended D．established 24．A．necessary B．enormous C．critical D．invisible 25．A．accelerated B．delayed C．eliminated D．strengthened 26．A．transform B．spread C．preserve D．escape 27．A．extinction B．decline C．tragedy D．increase 28．A．sustaining B．abandoning C．facilitating D．endangering 29．A．sufficient B．limited C．moderate D．approximate 30．A．occasional B．common C．essential D．temporary 31．A．astonishing B．hopeless C．costly D．irreversible 32．A．world B．state C．human D．forest 33．A．concentrated B．depended C．insisted D．commented 34．A．As a result B．For example C．In fact D．What’s more 35．A．savers B．managers C．researchers D．advocates四、阅读选择EU members' states have agreed to ban a toxic substance widely found in clothing because it poses an ''acceptable risk'' to the environment. Countries voted in favor of extending existing restrictions on nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPE) to imports to clothing and other textile products.The measure is intended to protect species in water. Use of NPE in textile manufacture in Europe was banned over 10 years ago but the substance is still released into the water environment through imported textiles being washed.NPE degrades in the environment into substances including nonylphenol (NP), which accumulates in the bodies of fish and disturbs their hormones, harming fertility, growth and sexual development.NPE is used in textile manufacture as a cleaning and dyeing agent. The EU decision notes that several studies have found NPE to be present in textile items.A 2011 study by Greenpeace found NPE in two-thirds of clothes tested, including items sold by big-name brads such as Adidas, H&M, Lacoste, and Ralph Lauren. The NGO(Non-Governmental Organizations) argued that although concentrations of NPE found in the clothes were low, the chemical’s existence in the environment posed a risk.The new ban on textiles containing NPE in concentrations equal to or greater than 0.01% will enter into force five years after it is adopted by the European Commission, which is likely to happen in September.In comments submitted to ECHA (European Chemicals Agency), clothing and textile firms have warned that obeying the restriction will be difficult because NPE ubiquitous in the supply chain and has numerous uses.The new restriction will not apply to second-hand goods or recycled textiles because it is assumed that these will already have been washed several times so they contain negligible(微不足道的)amounts of NPE.EU countries must eliminate pollution of water bodies by NP as it is a priority substance under the Water Framework Directive. A 2013 study by the UK environment agency warned that emissions from textiles could prevent progress towards this objective. It found 29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPE, which was released during the first two washes by the consumer.36．The 2011 study by Greenpeace found _________.A．29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPEB．NPE had limited effects on aquatic speciesC．NPE was widely present in textile productsD．clothes of good quality had no concentrations of NPE37．What's the possible meaning of the underlined part ''ubiquitous'' in Paragraph 7?A．is legally protected B．is not easy to be foundC．seems to be every where D．is uncommon38．What can we learn from the text?A．The original ban on use of NPE was very effective.B．Recycled textile contain less NPE.C．The new ban on imports of textile has come into force.D．The UK environment agency is optimistic about the new ban.39．Which section of the website does the text come from?A．lifestyle B．technology.C．Business. D．Environment.LettersComments on the March Issue40．How did Antia Lawrence react to her husband’s dia gnosis?A．She felt very painful. B．She gained some life lessons. C．She paid more attention to her own health. D．She showed deep sympathy for herhusband.41．According to Sam Kieffer’s letter, what can be learn about John All?A．He is an expert in mountaineeringB．He wrote the article entitled Trapped Inside a Glacier.C．Not all people could survive in the same situation as he did.D．His story is the best one that Sam Kieffer has ever read in Reader’s Digest.42．Who is likely to disagree with what is said in the commented article?A．Edward Deckerd. B．Antia Lawrence.C．Sam Kieffer. D．Janet TooleWhat makes us love some things and hate others? We know that sometimes even the tiniest change can result in a huge difference in how we perceive something, so is there any rhyme or reason to our tastes and preferences? Here are three factors which play a role.1. Conforming to expectationIn London a few years ago, two talented rappers called Silibil N' Brains took to the stage to perform at a music industry show for unsigned bands. They were an instant hit. Their outrageous West Coast - American style, brilliant rap lyrics and couldn't - care - less attitude had the music industry's talent spotters falling over themselves to sign the pair. In a short space of time, Silibil N’ Brains had a deal with a top management company, a contract with a major record label and an advance of $70,000 -- and they hadn’t even made a record. Before long, they were on tour with Eminem and out partying with Madonna. They were living the dream.But two years ago the same two rappers were laughed off stage by the same talent spotters for singing the same sons. So what was the difference? Amazingly, it was their accent. You see, Silibil N' Brains weren't, in fact, from West Coast U. S. A．at all. They were from Dundee in Scotland. During the first audition they had used their Scottish accents when rapping and it had not gone down well. ''They just laughed at us, '' recalled Brains. ''We were heartbroken. We went back to Scotland with our tail between our legs''. The lesson for them was that to succeed, you have to conform to expectations and at that time everyone expected rappers to be American.2. The benefit of hindsightSome people are simply ahead of their time. It's common knowledge that Vincent van Gogh sold only one painting in his lifetime -the other 900 or so were unknown and unloveduntil after his death. Monet’s paintings. at least in his early career, was considered incomplete and ugly by critics at the time, while Vermeer, the painter of Girl With a Pearl Earring, even had to use his mother-in-law as a guarantor when he borrowed money -- so unable was he to sell any of his work! Now that public taste has caught up with these artists, more or less anything they touched has an astronomical price tag attached to it. Perhaps the reason is that it just takesa while to get used to something - after all, not all beauty is obvious at first sight.3. A reassuring price tagIn a world where the range of products on offer can be completely bewildering, we often look to price as an indication of quality. We may think we prefer the expensive wine to the cheap one, but we may simply be influenced by the price tag. Even professionals can make the mistake. A researcher from the University of Bordeaux in France took an average bottle of red wine and poured it into two empty bottles, on with an expensive label and the other with a cheap one. Then he invited 57 wine ''experts'' to taste the wine. Forty of them recommended the wine from the expensive bottle, describing it as ''agreeable'', ''complex'', ''balanced'' and''rounded''. while the same wine from the expensive bottle, describing it as ''agreeable'',''complex'', ''balanced'' and ''rounded'', while the same wine from the cheap bottle was described as ''weak'' and ''flat'', with only 12 of the experts recommending it. The study made the researcher unpopular with the French wine tasters, but he did prove that price has a significant impact on taste.43．Which of the following statements ab out Silibil N’ Brains is true?A．Talent spotters fell in love with them at first sight.B．They are from the West Coast of AmericaC．Their success was attributed to behaving and sounding like American rappers.D．They were friends with famous stars like Madonna even before they succeeded. 44．The underlined phrases ''with our tail between our legs'' indicates that _________. A．their first audition proved a failureB．they felt proud of their performanceC．they learned a valuable lessonD．being humble might contribute to their future success45．We can infer from the second factor that ________.A．some artists are better known when they are alive than when they are deadB．public taste usually falls behind famous artistsC．beauty at first sight lasts much longerD．Monet's paintings are priceless because of their incompleteness46．What can we learn from the last paragraph?A．A price tag always fails to indicate the quality of a product.B．A price tag is less likely to confuse customers than the packaging.C．Low price will make the wine unpopular with tastersD．A price tag will cloud a person’s judgement of something.五、六选四Directions: Read the following. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Are Bamboo-Eating Pandas Really Herbivores?On the outside, giant pandas look like herbivores(食草动物). They spend nearly all of their waking hours eating bamboo. But on the inside, they're built like carnivores(食肉动物). About half of the calories they eat come from protein, according to a new study.The ancestor of giant pandas were omnivorous(杂食的). They are both animals and plants, and had the digestive system and gut bacteria to metabolize(使发生新陈代谢)them. They had ''umami taste receptors'', to appreciate the flavors of meat.However, about 2.4 million years ago, things began to change. 47．Their jaw and teeth evolved to help them crush bamboo, and their wrist bone became capable of grasping the stalks(杆)of their favorite plant. Scientists think pandas switched to eating bamboo partly because they didn't have to fight with other animals to get it. Bamboo is high in fiber but has a low concentration of nutrients, so pandas have to eat 20 to 40 pounds of the plant every day just to get by.David Raubenheimer, a nutritional ecologist at the University of Sydney, and his colleagues put GPS trackers on two giant pandas and followed their movement throughout the year. They discovered that the pandas followed the protein. 48．At the start of the cycle, they ate Bashania fargesii leaves until they got the chance to feast on young shoots, which contained more protein.The more the shoots grew, the more their protein was diluted(冲淡)by fiber. That caused the pandas to move to higher ground, where Fargesia qinlingensis grew. First, they ate the shoots, but these, too, went from being protein - rich to fiber-rich as they grew. The pandaresponded by switching to the leaves. 49．The researchers found that about half of the calories the pandas ate were in the form of protein.50．''They can know exactly where to go, and when to go, so they can get the most of the nutrients that their ecosystem can provide, '' said Silvia Pineda - Munoz, who was not involved in the study.The work also shows that classifying an animals as herbivore or carnivore is more complex than one might sassume. ''It's not whether you’re eating plants but what of the plants you’re eating, '' said Pineda - Munoz.A．Between August and April, they sought food in low elevations(海拔)on China's Qinling Mountains.B．Scientists think the research show that pandas are very clever.C．Pandas eat bamboo all day long except when they are sleeping or playing.D．The gene for their ''umami taste receptors'' became inactive.E.They fed on them until they went back down the mountain and started eating Bashania fargesii leaves again.F.Scientists have conducted many studies on pandas' eating habits.六、概要写作51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Herbal MedicineHerbal medicine, which has been used for medicinal purposes, is the use of plants to treat diseases. Many herbalists use the entire plant, from the flowers, stems, leaves, and roots, in the form of everything from teas to pills. These plants contain natural, chemical things that can treat the body for a variety of diseases, such as allergies, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, migraine, chronic fatigue, and cancer, among others.Nowadays an increasing number of people prefer to adopt these plants to treat their diseases because, compared with chemical medicine, herbal medicine has its own advantages. Herbal medicine and remedies are more effective than chemical medicine for certain diseases. The chemical medicine given by a chemist could have certain negative side effects. However, many of the herbal medicine and remedies to not have negative side effects. If any, they are softer than chemical medicine. Obesity is the cause of many of the health problems. Herbalmedicine can help weight loss more effectively and improve overall health.However, the cure using herbal medicine and supplements would take some time, and therefore people are supposed to possess enough patience. Worse still, herbal medicine contains a variety of ingredients and people have to be sure that their body agrees with the ingredients and that it is not allergic.A point worth mentioning here is that herbal remedies and medicine for certain illnesses may have negative side effects. These side effects may not be shown at once, but would take months or even years. In the early stages, if the herbal medicine is not agreeing with you, it is wise to stop using it.When used correctly and directed by doctors, herbs can help treat a variety of disease. But keep in mind that the herbal medicine industry is not regulated, so herbal products are often misleading and may contain additives that are not listed on the label. Some herbs may cause allergic reactions or interact with other drugs, and some are poisonous if used improperly or at high doses. Taking herbs on your own increases your risk.七、汉译英Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.52．一闻到这种蛋糕的味道我就总会想起童年。
2020届金山区高考英语二模(完整版)
金山区2019学年第二学期质量监控高三英语试卷（考试时间120分钟，总分140分）2020年5月I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. In a hospital. B. In a school.C. In a kindergarten.D. In a tourist office.2. A. Improving her cooking skills. B. Tasting the food made by Tom.C. Having a picnic.D. Showcasing her talents to Tom.3. A. Supportive. B. Hesitant.C. Indifferent.D. Disapproving.4. A. In January. B. Until winter vacation.C. During Christmas season.D. Right now.5. A. The foundation of the theatre. B. A change to the theatre.C. The removal of the seats.D. The figure of the audience.6. A. It can help to find the patients easily.B. It can record patients’ conditions.C. It gives patients medical advice.D. It makes records available to doctors and nurses.7. A. He doesn’t want to draw.B. He prefers to make the labor division himself.C. He is good at drawing.D. He is happy because he doesn’t have to draw.8. A. The key to the woman’s success.B. The changes on the market.C. The management of the woman’s company.D. The feeling of being a manager.9. A. To paint the doors. B. To paint the ceiling.C. To continue his job.D. To take the job home.10. A. Because she is accustomed to the food there.B. Because the food is better there than at the school dining hall.C. Because it is a quiet place.D. Because they can’t go to the school dining hall.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. Factors determining intelligence. B. A story of identical twins.C. The importance of intelligence.D. How to get a higher IQ.12.A. Because only one could enter college.B. Because they were abandoned by their parents.C. Because their parents died when they were only babies.D. Because the psychologists did an experiment researching human intelligence.13.A. John got a better education than his identical brother, Peter.B. Children growing up in wealthy families are smarter.C. Environment is important to the development of one’s intelligence.D. An isolated community has more educational opportunities.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A. Unwrapping a new album.B. Having a newly-bought car.C. Entering a newly-purchased house.D. Having access to an online account.15. A. It is nice to share the account on Amazon.B. The sharing economy makes full use of cars.C. Consumers consider ownership more important than access.D. The sharing economy makes clear relationship between consumers and products.16. A. The sharing economy develops car manufacturing.B. It is good for environment to increase the usage of goods.C. The sharing economy reshapes the market and benefits people.D. In the sharing economy, companies bridge the gap between people and resources.Questions17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Products. B. Locations.C. Coffee making techniques.D. Staff quality.18. A. She made a questionnaire. B. She talked with customers.C. She wrote a handbook for the employees.D. She applied for a job at Starbucks.19. A. Customers are especially concerned about the service of a cafe.B. The more expensive the coffee beans and milk, the better the coffee is.C. Customers want more varieties of coffee.D. Customers rely on the brand image when they are making choices.20. A. Because the manual will be the latest version.B. Because it will tell customers detailed product information.C. Because it includes important policies and procedures.D. Because employees enjoy reading it.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.A ban on distracted walkingYou can’t walk down the street without passing so-called “smartphone zombies (僵尸).” They are too absorbed in their screen (21) _________ (watch) where they are going. Almost four in ten people admit having suffered a technology-related small accident (22) _________ they pay more attention to their electronic device than to the pavement.Now the city of Honolulu, Hawaii, has decided it’s time to take immediate action and make it illegal to cross the road while using a mobile phone. Those (23) ________ (catch) using phones, tablets or other electronic devices at crossing points could face a fine of up to $100.Honolulu is the first major U.S. city to ban (24) __________ is called “distracted walking.” It comes after a study found there (25)___________(be) more than 11,000 injuries in the United States resulting from phone-related distraction while walking in the past few years.To explain the decision, mayor Kirk Caldwell said, “We hold the unfortunate honor of being a major city (26) ___________more pedestrians are hit in crosswalks than almost any other city in the country.”Under the fine systems, (27) _________ breaks this law for the first time will get a fine of $15 to $35. People breaking the law for a second or third time will get a $99 fine.The law, which is called the Distracted Walking Law, does permit an exception. Pedestrians (28) ___________ use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.If you still want to text while walking, you could avoid (29) _________ (fine) in Honolulu by using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant. Or you could just wait (30) __________ you are again, safely, off the street.Section BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Giving kids allowances in the smartphone ageAllowances are a constant. No matter how much technology interferes with the parent-child relationship, kids still want money and parents still want to impart (赋予) a basic work ethic. But putting stickers on chore (日常事务) charts and dropping coins in piggy banks don’t cut it with the smartphone generation.Parents in search of more 31 ways to teach children the value of money are turning to allowance-tracking apps, where kids can see their 32 rise and fall in real time.Bonnie Koon, a mother of three in Crawfordville, Fla., used to post a calendar on her refrigerator 33 her kids chores, to the embarrassment of her 16-year-old twins. After seeing a Facebook ad for the app Greenlight, she 34 it.Greenlight links to parents’ bank accounts so that the payout can be seamless. Parents can encourage saving by paying interest on the money that isn’t spent 35 —interest out of the parents’ own pockets, of course.It’s the first taste of 36 freedom for many kids, and it’s set in a relatively safe environment. Parents can determine spending limits and choose the retailers（零售商）where a child can make 37 . If a child attempts to buy something at an unapproved store or to spend more than the limit, the transaction (交易) is 38 and parents get a notification. And if a kid loses the card, parents can immediately cancel it from the app.One of Ms. Koon’s twins, Brenna, works part time at a restaurant. She’s putting half of her pay check into a car-insurance savings fund she set up in the app, with the goal of saving $450 by July. With each 39 , the app gives Brenna a progress update.Some parents might worry that relying on apps to get kids to do chores only encourages them to be on their phones more. But parents who have chosen this approach argue that they are meeting their kids where they are and that it takes the 40 nagging (唠叨) out of the equation. The real-time look at their accounts makes the concepts of saving and spending more tangible than reviewing a bank statement.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you like to take a walk in the woods in the United States or you prefer to decorate a tree at Christmas, you should know that climate change is making both of those activities a lot more 41 .Looking at two 42 and economically important species——the Douglas fir and the Ponderosa pine ——scientists found that fires and drought 43 by climate change make new growth difficult, especially in low-elevation forests, according to a study published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.Some forests in four regions in California, Colorado, the Northern Rockies and the southwestern part of the United States have crossed “a(n) 44 climate tipping (转折) point for post-fire tree generation,” the study says.Climate conditions over the past 20 years have 45 changes that would have taken decades or even centuries to 46 across broad regions of the country. This is leading to the sudden 47 of trees and making these lands increasingly unsuitable for tree regeneration.“Climate change is 48 our forests now, not just in some distant future. Maybe in areas where there are really 49 seed sources, there could be some trees, but it is becoming really hard to get these trees back due to climate change,”said study co-author Kim Davis.The problem probably won’t get any better, as climate change is making intense wildfires much more 50 . Western foresters say there used to be a fire season. But devastating and 51 fires have become a reality all year long. In 2018, fire cost California more than $9.05 billion, according to the USA insurance commissioner, the deadliest and most destructive wildfire season in the 52 history.A higher number of fires and low seed availability means a high probability that these trees in these regions won’t come back, Davis said. This study 53 on the driest and hottest areas of the Western forests, but researchers will next try to focus on how much will be impacted.54 , there are some things people can do to ease some of this problem. Forest management plans that reduce high-severity burns can help. Increasingly, forest managers are considering allowing some fires to burn under more moderate conditions, Davis said. Forest 55can also replant trees after fire, at least in the areas where climate conditions will allow.41. A. convenient B. difficult C. encouraging D. frustrating42. A. ecologically B. apparently C. physically D. financially43. A. destroyed B. worsened C. extended D. established44. A. necessary B. enormous C. critical D. invisible45. A. accelerated B. delayed C. eliminated D. strengthened46. A. transform B. spread C. preserve D. escape47. A. extinction B. decline C. tragedy D. increase48. A. sustaining B. abandoning C. facilitating D. endangering49. A. sufficient B. limited C. moderate D. approximate50. A. occasional B. common C. essential D. temporary51. A. astonishing B. hopeless C. costly D. irreversible52. A. world B. state C. human D. forest53. A. concentrated B. depended C. insisted D. commented54. A. As a result B. For example C. In fact D. What’s more55. A. savers B. managers C. researchers D. advocatesSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)EU members’ states have agreed to ban a toxic substance widely found in clothing because it poses an “acceptable risk” to the environment. Countries voted in favor of extending existing restrictions on nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPE) to imports of clothing and other textile products.The measure is intended to protect species in water. Use of NPE in textile manufacture in Europe was banned over 10 years ago but the substance is still released into the water environment through imported textiles being washed.NPE degrades in the environment into substances including nonylphenol (NP), which accumulates in the bodies of fish and disturbs their hormones, harming fertility, growth and sexual development.NPE is used in textile manufacture as a cleaning and dyeing agent. The EU decision notes that several studies have found NPE to be present in textile items.A 2011 study by Greenpeace found NPE in two-thirds of clothes tested, including items sold by big-name brands such as Adidas, H&M, Lacoste, and Ralph Lauren. The NGO (Non-Governmental Organizations) argued that although concentrations of NPE found in the clothes were low, the chemical’s existence in the environment posed a risk.The new ban on textiles containing NPE in concentrations equal to or greater than 0.01% will enter into force five years after it is adopted by the European Commission, which is likely to happen in September.In comments submitted to ECHA (European Chemicals Agency), clothing and textile firms have warned that obeying the restriction will be difficult because NPE is ubiquitous in the supply chain and has numerous uses.The new restriction will not apply to second-hand goods or recycled textiles because it is assumed that these will already have been washed several times so they contain negligible (微不足道的) amounts of NPE.EU countries must eliminate pollution of water bodies by NP as it is a priority substance under the Water Framework Directive. A 2013 study by the UK environment agency warned that emissions from textiles could prevent progress towards this objective. It found 29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPE, which was released during the first two washes by the consumer.56.The 2011 study by Greenpeace found ____________________.A.29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPEB. NPE had limited effects on aquatic speciesC. NPE was widely present in textile productsD. clothes of good quality had no concentrations of NPE57. What’s the possible meaning of the underlined part “is ubiquitous” in Paragraph 7?A. is legally protectedB. is not easy to be foundC. seems to be everywhereD. is uncommon58. What can we learn from the text?A. The original ban on use of NPE was very effective.B. Recycled textiles contain less NPE.C. The new ban on imports of textiles has come into force.D. The UK environment agency is optimistic about the new ban.59. Which section of the website does the text come from?A. Lifestyle.B. Technology.C. Business.D. Environment.(B)LettersComments on the March Issue40 Smart Ways to Saveat the SupermarketYour caution not to fall for fake sales reminded me of when I was a stock boy at my neighborhood grocery in the 1950s. One time, we got a delivery of off-band vegetables. I priced them at ten cents a can. I don’t think we sold more than six cans—until I put up a sign that said “Special: Nine for $1.” I set them out Thursday evening, and by noon on Saturday they were gone.Edward Deckerd,Perryville, MissouriTrapped Inside a GlacierReading about John All’s experience on Mount Himlung was very inspiring to me. A man with 15 broken bones and bleeding internally being able to climb up a 70-foot wall of ice and survive for 18 hours at 20,000 feet is something that I would have thought to be impossible. I am 16 years old and a lifelong reader. Out of all the great content in Reader’s Digest, stories like his are the ones I enjoy the most.Sam Kieffer,Richardson, TexasBill’s Last, Best GiftTracy Grant’s article resonated(与......产生共鸣) deeply with me. Twelve years ago, my husband, Don, was diagnosed with terminal brain cancer. As his caregiver, I, too, learned to appreciate the people and things around me and not to sweat the small stuff, and in the long run, I became a much better person. Don also gave me his last, best gift of love and peace.Antia Lawrence,San Diego, CaliforniaDishes Professional Chefs Cookin the MicrowaveMicrowaving live lobsters is inhumane and cruel. Because lobsters feel pain, Switzerland has recently outlawed the practice of boiling them live. A similar law was passed in Italy, where it is now illegal to put lobsters on ice before cooking them. I hope you provide an update to your story promoting humane practices instead of cruel and violent ones.Janet Toole,Phoenixville, Pennsylvania60.How did Antia Lawrence react to her husband’s diagnosis?A.She felt very painful.B.She gained some life lessons.C.She paid more attention to her own health.D.She showed deep sympathy for her husband.61.According to Sam Kieffer’s letter, what can be learn about John All?A.He is an expert in mountaineering.B.He wrote the article entitled Trapped Inside a Glacier.C.Not all people could survive in the same situation as he did.D.His story is the best one that Sam Kieffer has ever read in Reader’s Digest.62.Who is likely to disagree with what is said in the commented article?A.Edward Deckerd.B. Antia Lawrence.C. Sam Kieffer.D. Janet Toole(C)What makes us love some things and hate others? We know that sometimes even the tiniest change can result in a huge difference in how we perceive something, so is there any rhyme or reason to our tastes and preferences? Here are three factors which play a role.1.Conforming to expectationsIn London a few years ago, two talented rappers called Silibil N’ Brains took to the stage to perform at a music industry show for unsigned bands. They were an instant hit. Their outrageous West Coast-American style, brilliant rap lyrics and couldn’t-care-less attitude had the music industry’s talent spotters falling over themselves to sign the pair. In a short space of time, Silibil N’ Brains had a deal with a top management company, a contract with a major record label and an advance of $70, 000 —and they hadn’t even made a record. Before long, they were on tour with Eminem and out partying with Madonna. They were living the dream.But two years ago the same two rappers were laughed off stage by the same talent spotters for singing the same songs. So what was the difference? Amazingly, it was their accent. You see, Silibil N’ Brains weren’t, in fact, from West Coast U.S.A. at all. They were from Dundee in Scotland. During the first audition they had used their Scottish accents when rapping and it hadn’t gone down well. “They just laughed at us,” recalled Brains. “We were heartbroken. We went back to Scotland with our tail between our legs.” The lesson for them was that to succeed, you have to conform to expectations and at that time everyone expected rappers to be American.2.The benefit of hindsightSome people are simply ahead of their time. It’s common knowledge that Vincent van Gogh sold only one painting in his lifetime —the other 900 or so were unknown and unloved until after his death. Monet’s paintings, at least in his early career, was considered incomplete and ugly by critics at the time, while Vermeer, the painter of Girl With a Pearl Earring, even had to use his mother-in-law as a guarantor when he borrowed money —so unable was he to sell any of hiswork! Now that public taste has caught up with these artists, more or less anything they touched has an astronomical price tag attached to it. Perhaps the reason is that it just takes a while to get used to something —after all, not all beauty is obvious at first sight.3.A reassuring price tagIn a world where the range of products on offer can be completely bewildering, we often look to price as an indication of quality. We may think we prefer the expensive wine to the cheap one, but we may simply be influenced by the price tag. Even professionals can make the mistake. A researcher from the University of Bordeaux in France took an average bottle of red wine and poured it into two empty bottles, one with an expensive label and the other with a cheap one. Then he invited 57 wine “experts” to taste the wine. Forty of them recommended the wine from the expensive bottle, describing it as “agreeable”, “complex”, “balanced” and “rounded,” while the same wine from the cheap bottle was described as “weak” and “flat”, with only 12 of the experts recommending it. The study made the researcher unpopular with the French wine tasters, but he did prove that price has a significant impact on taste.63. Which of the following statements about Silibil N’ Brains is true?A. Talent spotters fell in love with them at first sight.B. They are from the West Coast of America.C. Their success was attributed to behaving and sounding like American rappers.D. They were friends with famous stars like Madonna even before they succeeded.64. The underlined phrase “with our tail between our legs” indicates that __________________.A. their first audition proved a failureB. they felt proud of their performanceC. they learned a valuable lessonD. being humble might contribute to their future success65. We can infer from the second factor that __________________________.A. some artists are better known when they are alive than when they are deadB. public taste usually falls behind famous artistsC. beauty at first sight lasts much longerD. Monet’s paintings are priceless because of their incompleteness66. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. A price tag always fails to indicate the quality of a product.B. A price tag is less likely to confuse customers than the packaging.C. Low price will make the wine unpopular with tasters.D. A price tag will cloud a person’s judgement of something.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. Between August and April, they sought food in low elevations (海拔) on China’s Qinling Mountains.B. Scientists think the research shows that pandas are very clever.C. Pandas eat bamboo all day long except when they are sleeping or playing.D. The gene for their “umami taste receptors” became inactive.E. They fed on them until they went back down the mountain and started eating Bashania fargesii leaves again.F. Scientists have conducted many studies on pandas’ eating habits.Are Bamboo-Eating Pandas Really Herbivores?On the outside, giant pandas look like herbivores(食草动物). They spend nearly all of their waking hours eating bamboo.But on the inside, they’re built like carnivores (食肉动物). Abouthalf of the calories they eat come from protein, according to anew study.The ancestor of giant pandas were omnivorous(杂食的). They ate both animals and plants, and had the digestive system and gut bacteria to metabolize (使发生新陈代谢) them. They had “umami taste receptors,” to appreciate the flavors of meat.However, about 2.4 million years ago, things began to change. 67 Their jaw and teeth evolved to help them crush bamboo, and their wrist bone became capable of grasping the stalks(秆) of their favorite plant. Scientists think pandas switched to eating bamboo partly because they didn’t have to fight with other animals to get it. Bamboo is high in fiber but has a low concentration of nutrients, so pandas have to eat 20 to 40 pounds of the plant every day just to get by.David Raubenheimer, a nutritional ecologist at the University of Sydney, and his colleagues put GPS trackers on two giant pandas and followed their movements throughout the year. They discovered that the pandas followed the protein. 68 At the start of the cycle, they ate Bashania fargesii leaves until they got the chance to feast on young shoots, which contained more protein.The more the shoots grew, the more their protein was diluted (冲淡) by fiber. That caused the pandas to move to higher ground, where Fargesia qinlingensis grew. First, they ate the shoots, but these, too, went from being protein-rich to fiber-rich as they grew. The pandas responded by switching to the leaves. 69 The researchers found that about half of the calories the pandas ate were in the form of protein.70 “They can know exactly where to go, and when to go, so they can get the most of the nutrients that their ecosystem can provide,” said Silvia Pineda-Munoz, who was not involved in the study.The work also shows that classifying an animal as herbivore or carnivore is more complex than one might assume. “It’s not whether you’re eating plants but what part of the plants you’re eating,” said Pineda-Munoz.Directions:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71.Herbal MedicineHerbal medicine, which has been used for medicinal purposes, is the use of plants to treat diseases. Many herbalists use the entire plant, from the flowers, stems, leaves, and roots, in the form of everything from teas to pills. These plants contain natural, chemical things that can treat the body for a variety of diseases，such as allergies, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, migraine, chronic fatigue, and cancer, among others.Nowadays an increasing number of people prefer to adopt these plants to treat their diseases because, compared with chemical medicine, herbal medicine has its own advantages. Herbal medicine and remedies are more effective than chemical medicine for certain diseases. The chemical medicine given by a chemist could have certain negative side effects. However, many of the herbal medicine and remedies do not have negative side effects. If any, they are softer than chemical medicine. Obesity is the cause of many of the health problems. Herbal medicine can help weight loss more effectively and improve overall health.However, the cure using herbal medicine and supplements would take some time, and therefore people are supposed to possess enough patience. Worse still, herbal medicine contains a variety of ingredients and people have to be sure that their body agrees with the ingredients and that it is not allergic (过敏).A point worth mentioning here is that herbal remedies and medicine for certain illnesses may have negative side effects. These side effects may not be shown at once, but would take months or even years. In the early stages, if the herbal medicine is not agreeing with you, it is wise to stop using it.When used correctly and directed by doctors, herbs can help treat a variety of diseases. But keep in mind that the herbal medicine industry is not regulated, so herbal products are often misleading and may contain additives that are not listed on the label. Some herbs may cause allergic reactions or interact with other drugs, and some are poisonous if used improperly or at high doses. Taking herbs on your own increases your risk.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.一闻到这种蛋糕的味道我就总会想起童年。
2020届上海市金山中学高三英语第二次联考试卷及答案
2020届上海市金山中学高三英语第二次联考试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AMarch means spring inSt. Louis. The city hosts plenty of events — both indoor and outdoor — that make March a perfect crowd-free month to visit. You may even want to plan your trip around it.See the Butterflies at Morpho Mardi GrasPHONE +1314-577-0888In the Butterfly House inFaustPark, thousands of bright blue butterflies are on display. These butterflies — types found mostly in South America, Mexico, and Central America — include over 29 different species and 147 subspecies(亚种）, making the venue a wonderful place for kids, as they can learn about the critical role butterflies play in nature.Enjoy March Madness with Arch MadnessPHONE +1314-622-5400March is the best time of the year for basketball fans. The action inSt. Louisbegins with March Madness, the Missouri Valley Conference Tournament. Games take place during the first week in March at theScottradeCenter.Catch a Fabulous Fox Theatre Broadway ShowPHONE +1314-534-1111Each month, the Fabulous Fox Theatre hosts a variety of touring Broadway shows. And while tickets are slightly cheaper than that inNew York City, the quality of the performances doesn’t lack one bit. Check the schedule and buy tickets ahead of time, as the shows generally fill the venue.Celebrate World Eagle Day at the World Bird SanctuaryPHONE +1636-225-4390World Eagle Day is celebrated with live eagle presentations, educational activities and games. Learn aboutAmerica’s national symbol, as well as other foreign species. Get your photo taken with your favorite bird or adopt an eagle.1. Which of the following is attractive to kids?A. Seeing the Butterflies at Morpho Mardi Gras.B. Enjoying March Madness with Arch Madness.C. Catching a Fabulous Fox Theatre Broadway Show.D. Celebrating World Eagle Day at the World Bird Sanctuary.2. If you are a basketball fan, you can call________.A. +1314-577-0888B. +1314-622-5400C. +1314-534-1111D. +1636-225-43903. Why does the author recommend the Fabulous Fox Theatre?A. It is one of the branches of Broadway.B. It isnot far away fromNew York City.C. It doesn't charge the audience for tickets.D. It provides wonderful shows with cheaper tickets.BI got my first bike when I was nine years old. Jimmy, the bike, was my first love. I rode it everywhere. The suburb, the back lanes, the fields and forests, the river paths and swampland were far more exciting than any adventure novel or television series.There’s nothing quite like the relationship between a child and his bicycle and the endless happiness two wheels and a pair of strong legs offer. No video or computer game can replace the liberation of being alone on a bicycle.As parents, to deny children the simple pleasure of riding a bike is a failure of our responsibilities to raise independent and stable young citizens. We should offer our children a healthy alternative to hours in front of an addictive screen. Studies have shown that cycling promotes not only muscle growth but brain growth. Guess which country has children with the best mental health outcomes and is regularly the top of listings of the happiest young people. No surprise it’s theNetherlands, the unquestioned leader among industrial countries in encouraging bicycle use.Our dependence on cars has degraded the public transport system, polluted our sky, led to the untimely death of thousands every year, and denied children safe access to their suburbs. A recent study found that 69% of children were accompanied to school. The same study found that a similar number of parents drove to work.In some regions ofJapan, when children start their first year of school, parents are expected to walk with them for the first few weeks, introducing them to residents and shopkeepers along the chosen route, letting the community take care of these children. However, driving children to school isproscribed. Children can choose to ride a bike or walk to school after they are familiar with the community, and it’s the community’s role to keepthem safe.Therefore, I strongly advise the government to provide better infrastructure (基础设施). Build separated cycle lanes, decrease speed limits, and design street scapes that favour people over cars. The results will be less pollution, quieter suburbs, a healthier population and, best of all, happy and independent children.4. What can we infer about the author from the text?A. He was addicted to computer games.B. He liked taking adventurous trips in nature.C. He had great fun exploring the outside by cycling.D.He got his first birthday present at the age of nine.5. Why does the author mention theNetherlandsin Paragraph 3?A. To introduce his good way of raising independent children.B. To illustrate the great influence riding has on mental health.C. To stress the importance of being physically and mentally healthy.D. To explain cycling does best in city development in theNetherlands.6. What does the underlined word “proscribed” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?A. Recommended.B. Protected.C. Delayed.D. Forbidden.7. How does the author mainly support his idea?A. By analyzing causes.B. By listing examples.C.By giving definitions.D. By analyzing scientific data.CMedha Gupta sometimes felt worried about making the 20-minute walk from the corner where the school bus dropped her off to her home in Herndon -especially during the colder months in winter.Her mother, Divya Gupta had a suggestion: write an app. Shewas half-kidding,but Medha didn't take the challenge lightly. So she set out to work.The result was Safe Travel, an app designed by Medha to help walkers feel more secure when travelling alone. Using the iPhone, a person can program it to send a warning to someone he or she trusts if he or she fails to arrive at a destination within a certain time.It was the first iOS app that Medha had created. While she didn't think much would come from the project, her effort caught the eye of judges for the annual Congressional App. Challenge, who selected her as the winner for Virginia's 10th District.The App Challenge is designed to encourage students to consider careers in science, technology, engineering, and math by experimenting with coding and computer science. Winning students are invited lo attend a reception on Capitol Hill in April and also received $250 in Amazon Web Service credits.Medha said it took her about 40 hours to design, program and test the app. As for her next app? Medha's not certain. She temporarily has her app-development ambitionson holdbecause she's busy teaching herself artificial intelligence to help deal with improper words on Facebook. Yes,she knows that there are teams of engineers probably doing the same thing. But she figures it can't hurt her own part, too.“If we see something wrong with the world, we should do something about it,” she said. “After all, the only one stopping us from doing something is ourselves. ”8. Why did Medha Gupta feel worried?A. It took a long time to walk home.B. It was difficult to write an app.C. It was colder than ever in winter.D. It was unsafe to walk home alone.9. What is Medha's attitude to her mother's challenge?A. Serious.B. Casual.C. Uncertain.D. Indifferent.10. What does the underlined phrase “on hold” in Paragraph 6 mean?A. Developed.B. Delayed.C. Achieved.D. Satisfied.11. What's the main idea of the text?A. Medha signed up for the App Challenge.B. Medha designed Safe Travel successfully.C. An app Safe Travel guides walkers home.D. The App Challenge directs students to choose careers.DThe connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conductedin Youngstown，Ohio，for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another，employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.The engineers at the Massachusetts Instituteof Technology(MIT)have taken it a step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse，even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.＂We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,＂explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(发光)in experiments using some common vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light，about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by，is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps.In the future，the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off＂switch＂where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)-such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输).Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.12. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A. A new study of different plants.B. A big fall in crime rates.C. Employees from various workplaces.D. Benefits from green plants.13. What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineer?A. To detect plants’ lack of waterB. To change compositions of plantsC. To make the life of plants longer.D. To test chemicals in plants.14. What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?A. They will speed up energy production.B. They may transmit electricity to the home.C. They might help reduce energy consumption.D. They could take the place of power plants.15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Can we grow more glowing plants?B. How do we live with glowing plants?C. Could glowing plants replace lamps?D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free?第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年上海市金山区高考英语二模试卷
2020年上海市金山区高考英语二模试卷Ⅰ.Listening Comprehension Section ADirections： In Section A， you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation， a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questionswill be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper， and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1．(★★★★★)A． In a hospital．B． In a school．C． In a kindergarten．D． In a tourist office．2．(★★★★★)A． Improving her cooking skills．B． Tasting the food made by Tom．C． Having a picnic．D． Showcasing her talents to Tom．3．(★★★★★)A． Supportive．B． Hesitant．C． Indifferent．D． Disapproving．4．(★★★★★)A． In January．B． Until winter vacation．C． During Christmas season．D． Right now．5．(★★★★★)A． The foundation of the theatre．B． A change to the theatre．C． The removal of the seats．D． The figure of the audience．6．(★★★★★)A． It can help to find the patients easily．B． It can record patients' conditions．C． It gives patients medical advice．D． It makes records available to doctors and nurses．7．(★★★★★)A． He doesn't want to draw．B． He prefers to make the labor division himself．C． He is good at drawing．D． He is happy because he doesn't have to draw．8．(★★★★★)A． The key to the woman's success．B． The changes on the market．C． The management of the woman's company．D． The feeling of being a manager．9．(★★★★★)A． To paint the doors．B． To paint the ceiling．C． To continue his job．D． To take the job home．10．(★★★★★)A． Because she is accustomed to the food there．B． Because the food is better there than at the school dining hall．C． Because it is a quiet place．D． Because they can't go to the school dining hall．Section BDirections： In Section B， you will hear several passages and longer conversations， after each passage or conversation， you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversations will be read twice， but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question， read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.11．(★★★★★)（1）A． Factors determining intelligence．B． A story of identical twins．C． The importance of intelligence．D． How to get a higher IQ．（2）A． Because only one could enter college．B． Because they were abandoned by their parents．C． Because their parents died when they were only babies．D． Because the psychologists did an experiment researching human intelligence．（3）A． John got a better education than his identical brother Peter．B． Children growing up in wealthy families are smarter．C． Environment is important to the development of one's intelligence．D． An isolated community has more educational opportunities．12．(★★★★★)（1）A． Unwrapping a new album．B． Having a newly-bought car．C． Entering a newly-purchased house．D． Having access to an online account．（2）A． It is nice to share the account on Amazon．B． The sharing economy makes full use of cars．C． Consumers consider ownership more important than access．D． The sharing economy makes clear relationship between consumers and products．（3）A． The sharing economy develops car manufacturing．B． It is good for environment to increase the usage of goods．C． The sharing economy reshapes the market and benefits people．D． In the sharing economy， companies bridge the gap between people and resources．13．(★★★★★)（1）A． Products．B． Locations．C． Coffee making techniques．D． Staff quality．（2）A． She made a questionnaire．B． She talked with customers．C． She wrote a handbook for the employees．D． She applied for a job at Starbucks．（3）A． Customers are especially concerned about the service of a cafe．B． The more expensive the coffee beans and milk， the better the coffee is．C． Customers want more varieties of coffee．D． Customers rely on the brand image when they are making choices．（4）A． Because the manual will be the latest version．B． Because it will tell customers detailed product information．C． Because it includes important policies and procedures．D． Because employees enjoy reading it．II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections： After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.14．(★★★)A ban on distracted walkingYou can't walk down the street without passing so-called "smart-phone zombies （僵尸）．" They are too absorbed in their screen （1） to watch （watch）where they are going． Almost four in ten people admit having suffered atechnology-related small accident （2） because they pay more attention to their electronic device than to the pavement．Now the city of Honolulu， Hawaii， has decided it's time to take immediate action and make it illegal to cross the road while using a mobile phone． Those （3）caught （catch） using phones， tablets or other electronic devices at crossing points could face a fine of up to ﹩100．Honolulu is the first major U． S． city to ban （4） what is called "distracted walking．" It comes after a study found there （5） had been （be）more than 11，000 injuries in the United States resulting from phone-related distraction while walking in the past few years．To explain the decision， mayor Kirk Caldwell said， "We hold the unfortunate honor of being a major city （6） where more pedestrians are hit in crosswalksthan almost any other city in the country．"Under the fine systems．（7） whoever breaks this law for the first time will get a fine of ﹩15 to ﹩35． People breaking the law for a second or thirdtime will get a ﹩99 fine．The law， which is called the Distracted Walking Law， does permit an exception． Pedestrians （8） can/may use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers， such as firefighters and police officers．If you still want to text while walking， you could avoid （9） being fined （fine） in Honolulu by using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant． Or you could just wait （10） until you are again， safely，off the street．Section BDirections： Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15．(★★★)A． parental B． balance C． declined D． deposit E． downloaded F． engagingG． financial H． immediately I． listing J． deliberatelyK． purchasesGiving kids allowances in the smart-phoneAllowances are a constant． No matter how much technology interferes with the parent-child relationship， kids still want money and parents still want to impart （赋予）a basic work ethic． But putting stickers on chore（日常事务）charts and dropping coins in piggy banks don't cut it with the smart-phone generation．Parents in search of more （1） F ways to teach children the value of money are turning to allowance-tracking apps， where kids can see their （2） B rise and fall in real time．Bonnie Koon， a mother of three in Crawfordville， Fla．， used to post a calendar on her refrigerator （3） I her kids chores， to the embarrassmentof her 16-year-old twins． After seeing a Facebook ad for the app Green-light， she （4） E it．Green-light links to parents' bank accounts so that the payout can be seamless． Parents can encourage saving by paying interest on the money that isn't spent （5） H -- interest out of the parents' own pockets， of course．It's the first taste of （6） G freedom for many kids， and it's set in a relatively safe environment． Parents can determine spending limits and choose the retailers（零售商）where a child can make （7） K ． If a child attempts tobuy something at an unapproved store or to spend more than the limit， the transaction（交易）is （8） C and parents get a notification． And if a kid loses the card， parents can immediately cancel it from the app．One of Ms． Koon's twins． Brenna， works part time at a restaurant． She's putting half of her pay check into a car-insurance savings fund she set up in the app， whit the goal of saving $450 by July．With each （9） D ，the app givesBrenna a progress update．Some parents might worry that relying on apps to get kids to do chores only encourages them to be on their phones more． But parents who have chosen this approach argue that they are meeting their kids where they are and that it takes the （10） A nagging（唠叨）out of the equation． The real-time look at their accounts makes the concepts of saving and spending more tangible than reviewing a bank statement．III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.16．(★★★★)If you like to take a walk in the woods in the United States or you prefer to decorate a tree at Christmas， you should know that climate change is making both of those activities a lot more （1） B ．Looking at two （2） A and economically important species -- the Douglas fir and the Ponderosa pine -- scientists found that fires and drought （3） Bby climate change make new growth difficult， especially in low-elevation forests，according to a study published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences．Some forests in four regions in California， Colorado， the Northern Rockies and the southwestern part of the United States have crossed "a（n）（4） C climate tipping（转折）point for post-fire tree generation，" the study says．Climate conditions over the past 20 years have （5） A changes that would have taken decades or even centuries to （6） B across broad regions of the country． This is leading to the sudden （7） B of trees and making these lands increasingly unsuitable for tree regeneration．"Climate changes is （8） D our forests now， not just in some distant future． Maybe in areas where there are really （9） A seed sources， there could be some trees， but it is becoming really hard to get these trees back due to climate change，" said study co-author Kim Davis．The problem probably won't get any better， as climate change is making intense wildfires much more （10） B ． Western foresters say there used to be a fire season． But devastating and （11） C fires have become a reality all year long． In 2018， fire cost California more than ﹩9.05 billion， according to the USA insurance commissioner， the deadliest and most destructive wildfires season in the （12） B history．A higher number of fires and low seed availability means a high probabilitythat these trees in these regions won't come back， Davis said． This study （13）A on the driest and hottest areas of the Western forests， but researchers will next try to focus on how much will be impacted．（14） C ， there are some things people can do to ease some of this problem． Forest management plans that reduce high-severity burns canhelp． Increasingly， forest managers are considering allowing some fires to burnunder more moderate conditions， Davis said， Forest （15） B ．（1）A． convenient B． difficult C． encouraging D． frustrating（2）B． apparently C． physically D． financiallyA． ecologically（3）A． destroyed B． worsened C． extended D． established（4）A． necessary B． enormous C． critical D． invisible（5）A． accelerated B． delayed C． eliminated D． strengthened（6）A． transform B． spread C． preserve D． escape（7）A． extinction B． decline C． tragedy D． increase（8）A． sustaining B． abandoning C． facilitating D． endangering（9）A． sufficient B． limited C． moderate D． approximate（10）A． occasional B． common C． essential D． temporary（11）B． hopeless C． costly D． irreversibleA． astonishing（12）A． world B． state C． human D． forest（13）B． depended C． insisted D． commentedA． concentrated（14）A． As aB． For example C． In fact D． What's moreresult（15）A． savers B． managers C． researchers D． advocatesSection BDirections： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.17．(★★★)EU members' states have agreed to ban a toxic substance widely foundin clothing because it poses an "acceptable risk" to the environment． Countries voted in favor of extending existing restrictions on nonylphenol ethoxylates （NPE）to imports to clothing and other textile products．The measure is intended to protect species in water． Use of NPE in textilemanufature in Europe was banned over 10 years ago but the substance is still released into the water environment through imported textiles being washed．NPE degrades in the environment into substances including nonylphenol （NP），which accumulates in the bodies of fish and disturbs their hormones， harming fertility， growth and sexual development．NPE is used in textile manufacture as a cleaning and dyeing agent． The EU decision notes that several studies have found NPE to be present in textile items． A 2011 study by Greenpeace found NPE in two-thirds of clothes tested，including items sold by big-name brads such as Adidas， H&M， Lacoste， and Ralph Lauren． The NGO （Non-Governmental Organizations） argued that although concentrations of NPE found in the clothes were low， the chemical's existence in the environment posed a risk．The new ban on textiles containing NPE in concentrations equal to or greater than 0.01% will enter into force five years after it is adopted by the European Commission， which is likely to happen in September．In comments submitted to ECHA （European Chemicals Agency）， clothing and textile firms have warned that obeying the restriction will be difficult because NPE [is ubiquitous] in the supply chain and has numerous uses．The new restriction will not apply to second-hand goods or recycled textiles because it is assumed that these will already have been washed several times so they contain negligible（微不足道的）amounts of NPE．EU countries must eliminate pollution of water bodies by NP as it is a priority substance under the Water Framework Directive． A 2013 study by the UK environment agency warned that emissions from textiles could prevent progress towards this objective． It found 29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPE， which was released during the first two washes by the consumer．（1）The 2011 study by Greenpeace found C ．A． 29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPEB． NPE had limited effects on aquatic speciesC． NPE was widely present in textile productsD． clothes of good quality had no concentrations of NPE（2）What's the possible meaning of the underlined part "is ubiquitous" is Paragraph 7？ CA． is legally protectedB． is not easy to be foundC． seems to be every whereD． is uncommon（3）What can we learn from the text？ BA． The original ban on use of NPE was very effective．B． Recycled textile contain less NPE．C． The new ban on imports of textile has come into force．D． The UK environment agency is optimistic about the new ban．（4）Which section of the website does the text come from？ DA ． Lifestyle ．B ． Technology ．C ． Business ．D ． Environment ．18．(★★★)LettersComments on the March Issue（1）How did Antia Lawrence react to her husband's diagnosis ？ BA ． She felt very painful ．B ． She gained some life lessons ．C ． She paid more attention to her own health ．D ． She showed deep sympathy for her husband ．（2）According to Sam Kieffer's letter ， what can be learn about John All ？ CA ． He is an expert in mountaineering ．B ． He wrote the article entitled Trapped Inside a Glacier ．C ． Not all people could survive in the same situation as he did ．D ． His story is the best one that Sam Kieffer has ever read in Reader's Digest ． （3）Who is likely to disagree with what is said in the commented article ？ DA ． Edward Deckerd ．B ． Antia Lawrence ．C ． Sam Kieffer ．D ． Janet Toole ．40 Smart Ways to Save at the Supermarket Your caution not to fall for fake sales reminded me of when I was a stock boy at my neighborhood grocery in the 1950s ． One time ， we got a delivery of off-band vegetables ． I priced them at ten cents a can ． I don't think we sold more than six cans -- until I put up sign that said "Special ： Nine for $1．" I set them out Thursday evening ， and by noon on Saturday they were gone ． Edward Deckerd ， Perrywille ， MissouriTrapped Inside a Glacier Reading about John All's experience on Mount Himlung was very inspiring to me ． A man with 15 broken bones and bleeding internally being able to climb up a 70-foot wall of ice and survive for 18 hours at 20，000 feet is something that I would have though to be impossible ． I am 16 years old and a lifelong reader ． Out of all the great content in Reader's Digest ， stories like his are the ones I enjoy the most ． Sam Kieffer ， Richardson ， TexasBill's Last ， Best Gift Track Grant's article resonated （与……产生共鸣）deeply with me ． Twelve years ago ， my husband ， Don ， was diagnosed with terminal brain cancer ． As hiscaregiver ， I ， too ， learned toappreciate the people and things around me and not to sweat the small stuff ， andin the long run ， I became a much better person ． Don also gave me his last ， bestDishes Professional Chefs Cook in the MicrowaveMicrowaving live lobsters in inhumane and cruel ． Because lobsters feel pain ，Switzerland has recently outlawed the practice of boiling them live ． A similar law was passed in Italy ， where it is nowillegal to put lobsters on ice before cooking them ． I hope you provide anupdate to your story promoting humanegift of love and peace．Antia Lawrence，San Diego， California practices instead of cruel and violent ones．Janet Toole，Phoenixville， Pennsylavnia19．(★★★)What makes us love some things and hate others？ We know that sometimes even the tiniest change can result in a huge difference in how weperceive something， so is there any rhyme or reason to our tastes and preferences？Here are three factors which play a role．1． Conforming to expectationIn London a few years ago， two talented rappers called Silibil N' Brains tookto the stage to perform at a music industry show for unsigned bands． They were an instant hit． Their outrageous West Coast - American style， brilliant rap lyrics and couldn't - care - less attitude had the music industry's talent spottersfalling over themselves to sign the pair． In a short space of time， Silibil N' Brains had a deal with a top management company， a contract with a major record label and an advance of ﹩70，000 -- and they hadn't even made a record． Before long， they were on tour with Eminem and out partying with Madonna． They wereliving the dream．But two years ago the same two rappers were laughed off stage by the sametalent spotters for singing the same sons． So what was the difference？ Amazingly，it was their accent． You see， Silibil N' Brains weren't， in fact， from West Coast U． S． A． at all． They were from Dundee in Scotland． During the first audition they had used their Scottish accents when rapping and it had not gone down well． "They just laughed at us，" recalled Brains． "We were heartbroken． We went back to Scotland [with our tail between our legs]"． The lesson for them wasthat to succeed， you have to conform to expectations and at that time everyone expected rappers to be American．2． The benefit of hindsightSome people are simply ahead of their time． It's common knowledge that Vincent van Gogh sold only one painting in his lifetime -- the other 900 or so were unknown and unloved until after his death． Monet's paintings． at least in his early career， was considered incomplete and ugly by critics at the time， while Vermeer，the painter of Girl With a Pearl Earring， even had to use his mother-in-law as a guarantor when he borrowed money -- so unable was he to sell any of his work! Now that public taste has caught up with these artists， more or less anything they touched has an astronomical price tag attached to it． Perhaps the reason is thatit just takes a while to get used to something -- after all， not all beauty is obvious at first sight．3． A reassuring price tagIn a world where the range of products on offer can be completely bewildering，we often look to price as an indication of quality． We may think we prefer the expensive wine to the cheap one， but we may simply be influenced by the price tag． Even professionals can make the mistake． A researcher from the University of Bordeaux in France took an average bottle of red wine and poured it into two emptybottles， on with an expensive label and the other with a cheap one． Then heinvited 57 wine "experts" to taste the wine． Forty of them recommended the wine from the expensive bottle， describing it as "agreeable"， "complex"， "balanced" and "rounded．" while the same wine from the expensive bottle， describing it as "agreeable"， "complex"， "balanced" and "rounded，" while the same wine from the cheap bottle was described as "weak" and "flat"， with only 12 of the experts recommending it． The study made the researcher unpopular with the French wine tasters， but he did prove that price has a significant impact on taste．（1）Which of the following statements about Silibil N' Brains is true？ CA． Talent spotters fell in love with them at first sight．B． They are from the West Coast of America．C． Their success was attributed to behaving and sounding like American rappers．D． They were friends with famous stars like Madonna even before they succeeded．（2）The underlined phrases "with our tail between our legs" indicates that A ．A． their first audition proved a failureB． they felt proud of their performanceC． they learned a valuable lessonD． being humble might contribute to their future success（3）We an infer from the second factor that B ．A． some artists are better known when they are alive than when they are deadB． public taste usually falls behind famous artistsC． beauty at first sight lasts much longerD． Monet's paintings are priceless because of their incompleteness（4）What can we learn from the last paragraph？ DA． A price tag always fails to indicate the quality of a product．B． A price tag is less likely to confuse customers than the packaging．C． Low price will make the wine unpopular with tasters．D． A price tag will cloud a person's judgement of something．Section CDirections： Read the following. Fill in each blank with a propersentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that thereare two more sentences than you need.20．(★★★)Are Bamboo-Eating Pandas Really Herbivores？On the outside， giant pandas look like herbivores（食草动物）． They spend nearly all of their waking hours eating bamboo． But on the inside， they're built like carnivores（食肉动物）． About half of the calories they eat come from protein，according to a new study．The ancestor of giant pandas were omnivorous（杂食的）． They are both animals and plants， and had the digestive system and gut bacteria to metabolize（使发生新陈代谢）them． They had "umami taste receptors，" to appreciate the flavors of meat． However， about 2.4 million years ago， things began to change．（1） DTheir jaw and teeth evolved to help them crush bamboo， and their wrist bone became capable of grasping the stalks（杆）of their favorite plant． Scientists think pandas switched to eating bamboo partly because they didn't have to fight withother animals to get it． Bamboo is high in fiber but has a low concentration of nutrients， so pandas have to eat 20 to 40 pounds of the plant every day just toget by．David Raubenheimer， a nutritional ecologist at the University of Sydney， and his colleagues put GPS trackers on two giant pandas and followed their movement throughout the year． They discovered that the pandas followed the protein．（2）A At the start of the cycle， they ate Bashania fargesii leaves until they got the chance to feast on young shoots， which contained more protein．The more the shoots grew， the more their protein was diluted（冲淡）byfiber． That caused the pandas to move to higher ground， where Fargesiaqinlingensis grew． First， they ate the shoots， but these， too， went from being protein - rich to fiber-rich as they grew． The panda responded by switching to the leaves．（3） E The researchers found that about half of the calories the pandas ate were in the form of protein．（4） B "They can know exactly where to go， and when to go， so they can get the most of the nutrients that their ecosystem can provide，" said SilviaPineda - Munoz， who was not involved in the study．The work also shows that classifying an animals as herbivore or carnivore is more complex than one might sassume． "It's not whether you're eating plants but what of the plants you're eating，" said Pineda - Munoz．A． Between August and April， they sought food in low elevations（海拔）onChina's Qinling Mountains．B． Scientists think the research show that pandas are very clever．C． Pandas eat bamboo all day long except when they are sleeping or playing．D． The gene for their "umami taste receptors" became inactive．E． They fed on them until they went back down the mountain and started eating Bashania fargesii leaves again．F． Scientists have conducted many studies on pandas' eating habits．IV. Summary Writing21．(★★★)Directions： Read the following passage． Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible．Herbal MedicineHerbal medicine， which has been used for medicinal purposes， is the use of plants to treat diseases． Many herbalists use the entire plant， from the flowers，stems， leaves， and roots， in the form of everything from teas to pills． These plants contain natural， chemical things that can treat the body for a variety ofdiseases， such as allergies， asthma， rheumatoid arthritis， migraine， chronic fatigue， and cancer， among others．Nowadays an increasing number of people prefer to adopt these plants to treat their diseases because， compared with chemical medicine， herbal medicine has its own advantages． Herbal medicine and remedies are more effective than chemical medicine for certain diseases． The chemical medicine given by a chemist could have certain negative side effects． However， many of the herbal medicine and remediesto not have negative side effects． If any， they are softer than chemical medicine． Obesity is the cause of many of the health problems． Herbal medicinecan help weight loss more effectively and improve overall health．However， the cure using herbal medicine and supplements would take some time，and therefore people are supposed to possess enough patience． Worse still， herbal medicine contains a variety of ingredients and people have to be sure that their body agrees with the ingredients and that it is not allergic（过敏）．A point worth mentioning here is that herbal remedies and medicine for certain illnesses may have negative side effects． These side effects may not be shown at once， but would take months or even years． In the early stages， if the herbal medicine is not agreeing with you， it is wise to stop using it．When used correctly and directed by doctors， herbs can help treat a variety of disease． But keep in mind that the herbal medicine industry is not regulated， so herbal products are often misleading and may contain additives that are not listed on the label． Some herbs may cause allergic reactions or interact with other drugs，and some are poisonous if used improperly or at high doses． Taking herbs on your own increases your risk．V. TranslationDirections： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.22．(★★★)一闻到这种蛋糕的味道我就总会想起童年．（associate） I always associate the smell of the cake with my childhood．23．(★★★)我们不能想当然地认为我们永远不会面对危险生命的紧急情况．（grant）We can't take it for granted that we will never face life-threatening emergencies．24．(★★★)尽管这些产品价格昂贵，但它们经久耐用，永不过时．（as） Expensive as these products are， they last long and never go out of style．25．(★★★)让许多孩子感到烦恼的是家长们似乎没有充分意识到保护隐私的重要性，总喜欢在社交媒体上发布孩子的照片．（bother） What bothers many children is that their parents seem not to be fully aware of the importance of protecting privacy and always like to post their children's photos on social media．VI. Guided Writing。
2020届英语高三二模试卷word版及答案
高三英语模拟试卷（二）英语试卷第I卷（选择题，共95分）第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —I’d like to take a holiday in August, Mr. Yang.— ___________ We'll be busy then. You'll have to make it another time.A. It's up to you.B. It's out of the question.C. It doesn't matter.D. By all means.2. My computer ___________ start this morning. There must have been something wrong with it.A. shouldn'tB. wouldn'tC. needn'tD. mustn't3. The professor could tell by the _______________ look in Maria's eyes that she didn't understand asingle word of his lecture.A. coldB. emptyC. innocent D・ blank4. It is by no means clear __________ the local government will do with the buildings of poor quality.A. whatB. howC. whetherD. which5. Alice spent an afternoon helping her grandfather to ____________ the stamps which he had collectedfor years.A. make outB. watch outC. sort outD. put out6. Delete the short message at once! Many a man ____________ by such tricks up to now.A. are cheatedB is cheated' C. have been cheatedD. has been cheated7. There is a belief that the robots will take the place of human beings one day.—_______ After all, they don't have their own thinking.A. Don't mention it.B. It depends.C. I don't think so.D. I have no idea.8. The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, ___________ air conditioning unnecessary.A. madeB. to makeC. being madeD. making9. Most passengers like sitting in the front of a bus to have a better view. What's more, they believe it's lesslikely that _____________________ will happen.A. car-accidentB. car-sicknessC. car-troubleD. car-crash10. Much disappointed as he is _________ in the job interview, he still keeps his confidence.A. to have failedB. to failC. having failedD. failing11 .---What do you think of the jacket and the hat I wear today?—I don't think this jacket _________ you and that your hat ________ this jacket perfectly.A. suits; fitsB. meets; fitsC. matches; suitsD. fits; matches12. 5G has faster data transmission, lower delay and stronger mobility ______________ the conventional4G.A. in charge ofB. in defense ofC. in contrast toD. in proportion to .13. Although he did not do it ________ , he definitely had some responsibility.A. instantlyB. deliberatelyC. accidentallyD. casually14. Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion __________ he wants their support.A. sinceB. onceC. unlessD. after15. We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. when第二节:完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
上海市长宁、金山区2020年高考教学质量检测(二模)英语试题及答案(word版)
长宁、金山区2020-2020学年第二学期教学质量监测高三年级英语学科试卷2020.4 考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
I. Listening ComprehensionSection A1. A. At a train station. B. At a travel agency.C. At a bus station.D. At an airport.2. A. Receptionist and guest. B. Teacher and student.C. Boss and secretary.D. Husband and wife.3. A. $5 B. $10 C. $15 D. $504. A. Confused. B. Annoyed. C. Embarrassed. D. Bored.5. A. Planning to phone a friend. B. Camping in the countryside.C. Touring in a wonderful city.D. Discussing a weekend plan.6. A. The woman will soon be a superstar.B. Camping in the countryside.C. The woman should find a new partner.D. The woman should not give up.7. A. To a dress-up party. B. To the tailor’s.C. To the theater.D. To a shopping mall.8. A. Youngster s don’t really know what fashion is.B. Styles change more quickly than necessary.C. People should care more about their appearance.D. It’s not sensible to go after designer clothing.9. A. He will have an agent serve the woman.B. The woman should buy an apartment.C. He will talk to the woman in a moment.D. The woman should pay the rent first.10. A. Keep working at the restaurant.B. Wash dishes for her in the kitchen.C. Stop delivering flowers every day.D. Leave the present job to work for her.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The location. B. The scenery. C. The seafood. D. The culture.12. A. Attract whales to the closershore. B. Tell people where to see whales.C. Warn people to stay away from shore.D. Go around to gather enough visitors.13. A. It is held every other year in summer.B. It helps Whale Crier to show his talents.C. It guarantees every to find something to enjoy.D. It is one of the best eco-art festivals in South Africa.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Weak bones. B. Loose teeth C. Skin problems. D. Heart diseases.15. A. Having food rich in vitamin.B. Walking midday in the sun with no suncream.C. Taking vitamin D pills every day.D. Wearing darker coloured clothes and sunhats.16. A. To analyze the common causes of lack of vitamin D.B. To encourage people to be exposed to the sun for vitamin D.C. To emphasize the importance of vitamin D in one’s healthD. To introduce some different ways to gain vitamin D.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. She wants to find a topic for her research.B. She tries to help the man with his paper.C. She hopes to learn how to write a paper.D. She plans to work on a similar topic.18. A. In 1813. B. In 1826. C. In 1839. D. In 1856.19. A. They are mainly grown for the domestic market.B. They were introduced to China from Australia.C. They were the first plant to be planted in England.D. They are kept warm in large plastic houses.20. A. Growth of domestic economy in Australia.B. Export and import of bananas in Australia.C. History of banana cultivation in Australia.D. Role of agriculture in Australian economy.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.Surviving Art TraditionNative American Indians expressed themselves through their artwork, which is carved onto totem (图腾)poles. Many people hold the belief (21) __________all Native American Indian tribes (部落) carve的totem poles, but this is far from the truth . Carving totem poles was a tradition among many tribes , especially those that lived along the Pacific coast (22)____________forest grew. However , those Native American Indians who lived in the south west and the plains , and Indians , but (23)_____ (few) trees to carve than Pacific tribes.The height of totem poles can vary considerably . Long ago totem poles (24)___________(find) to stand around 12m tall . Today , Native American Indian artists continue to care trees, but some totem poles are short and are used in homes as decoration .(25)_____________is not surprising that a genuine pole will cost more than $1500 per meter because traditionally carved totem involve a great deal of work , craftsmanship and time to produce.The raising of a totem pole is an important celebration among the India tribe . A hole is dug for the pole to stand in . The pole is carried to the site in a ceremony which other hundreds of people attend. Ropes are used (26)__________(raise) the pole into place. Singing and dancing to drums accompanies the pole raising . Often poles are raised in this way (27)___________the carving begins . Carvers do their jobs then on the site.Many people believe that totem poles are religious symbols , but this idea is false. Instead of (28) __________(act) as religious symbols , carvings represent the tribal nation and convey the tribes’ history . The story of a totem pole is frequently passed down from generation to generation . Havingthe story documented this way helps keep this tradition (29) __________(recognize) in our history . These days , many totem poles no longer exist (30)_______ __________ decay and rot. However , there are still some tribes that continue to practice this ancient are form , and these totem poles are still being enjoyed by collections of tribal art.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. acknowledgingB. bottledC. consequencesD. demandingE. financialF. FurtherG. inappropriately H. handle I. negativeJ. neglect K. unresolvedEmotional DebtMany people today live under the weight of debt from loans or credit cards . As harmful as___31_______ debt is , there is another form of debt that is even more damaging------emotional debt.Dr . James Richards states that emotional debt occurs …when we experience emotional pain that remain ______32___.” If the pain is not dealt with , it will affect us our entire lives. Throughout the years , we have chances for happiness , love and success . But unresolved pain can emerge , causing us to respond in ways that aren’t reasonable , resulting in destroyed relationships and lost opportunities . Another ___33____result of emotional debt is that our friends and loved ones are affected by it and pay a high price. When we have a tendency to respond _____34____, we often hurt those around us . Unfortunately our unsettled problems sometimes become too much for them to _____35____ causing them to abandon the relationship .People with destructive patterns should check their lives for signs of unresolved pain , for your emotional debt can come from various forms of past unfair , cruel or violent treatment or ____36_____. You may be holding onto painful memories of controlling parents or very_____37_____teachers , also you may not have dealt with the pain of a broken relationship or the death of a loved one. Any negative emotion that you have controlled over the year can come back to cause harm when you least expect it.Recognize your feelings , but don’t focus on them all the time , because ___38______and challenging your pain is difficult , but recognizing it is the first step toward dealing with it . Admit you are angry about the past , and discuss it with someone you trust , or write it down because this will ease some of the danger and hatred you’ve kept _____39____ up for years . Refuse to be a victim and accept responsibility for dealing with your painful past because this puts you in charge and limits the power your emotions have over you .Take specific steps to resolve your emotional debt now rather than deal withthe___40_____later .III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Ask S iri if she’s a woman. Go ahead; try it. She’ll tell you she’s ______41_____. “Like cacti. And certain species of fish,” she might say. So is Amazon’s Alexa, Microsoft’s Cortana, Samsung’s S V oice, and Google Now. But, man, do they ever sound a lot like women. ____42_______, we think of them as ladies too. (In Old Norse, Siri translates to “a beautiful woman who leads you to victory.”) We assign female pronouns to them, and, in turn, they fold feminine turns of phrase into their robotic and occasionally inane answers to our requests.If we prize gender diversity in other areas of daily life, why does our tech soundso_____43______? The biggest reason for the femal e phone fixation rests in social science. “Research indicates there’s likely to be greater accept ance of female____44_______,” says Karl MacDorman, an associate professor at Indiana University who specializes in human-computer interaction. MacDorman and his team played clips of male and female voices to people of both genders, then asked them to identify which they _____45______. The researchers also measured the way participants responded to the voices. In a 2011 paper, they reported that both women and men said female voices came across as warmer. _____46______, women even showed a subconscious preference for responding to females; men remained subconsciously neutral.Why the_______47____? Stanford University communications professor Clifford Nass, whoco authored the field’s seminal book, Wired for Speech, wrote that people tend to perceive female voices as helping them solve their problems by themselves, while they view male voices as authority figures who tell them the answers to their problems. We want_____48______ to help us, but we also want to be the boss of it, so we are more likely to opt for a female interface.This tendency suggests that companies will make a better impression on a______49_____group of customers with a woman’s voice. But not just any voice. It has to______50_____a brand’s p ersonality. For help with that, companies often turn to Greg Pal, vice president of marketing, strategy, and business development at Nuance Communications, which licenses its _____51______ of more than 100 voices. Pal insists that some brands choose male s peakers. He turned on his iPhone and pulled up the Domino’s Pizza app, which has an assistant, Dom. He sounded like my high school English teacher—educated and helpful but not______52_____. That’s about right f or a brand attempting to____53_______ guys ordering pies before the big game.As voice technology improves, though, designers say diversity will too. Many devices already let you _______54____ a voice interface. Homer Simpson can tell you where to take a left on your GPS device. And Siri can become a sir, if you take the time to ___55________. Want to know how to do it? Ask her. She’ll tell you in her uniquely warm, helpful—and female—tone.41. A. robotic B. high-tech C. genderless D. creative42. A. Culturally B. Obviously C. Grammatically D. Undoubtedly43. A. female B. ridiculous C. professional D. reasonable44. A. charm B. researchers C. speech D. participants45. A. accepted B. misunderstood C. studied D. preferred46. A. In practice B. On the contrary C. By this means D. At first47. A. neutrality B. prejudice C. authority D. conscience48. A. interaction B. technology C. personality D. society49. A. more sociable B. more talented C. broader D. wealthier50. A. improve B. develop C. admire D. suit51. A. market B. business C. research D. library52. A. strange B. bossy C. reliable D. unique53. A. appeal to B. look into C. meet with D. run after54. A. build B. tailor C. play D. improve55. A. repeat B. assist C. reprogram D. communicateSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)This is the opening of a short story in a town in the United States by Alison RandallWhen Frank and I stepped through the post office doors, there was a crowd gathered, gawking at the new fixture on the wall like a chorus of wide-mouthed frogs. I had to get closer, and that was where being a girl that's scrawnier than a wire fence came in handy. Fortunately, Frank, my twin of eleven years, was just the same."Come on." I said, grabbing his hand, and we slid through the cracks between people until we spilled out in front.Finally I got a good look. It was fixed to the plaster next to the postmaster's window, the place of honor usually reserved for the Wanted posters. Beady-eyed Zedekiah Smith, the bank robber, still hung there, but even he had been pushed aside for something more important.A telephone. The first one in town."How's it work?" Noah Crawford called out. Noah's the best fix-it man around, and I could tell he was itching to get his fingers on those shiny knobs."Don't rightly know," answered the postmaster, and he tugged at his goatee as if it might tell him. "I do know the sound of your voice moves along wires strung on poles. It's sort of like the telegraph, only you hear words instead of dots and dashes.""Ah," the crowd murmured, and I felt my own mouth move along.I gazed at that gleaming wood box and something happened inside me. Something — I can only guess — that might be like falling in love. The thought of talking into that box — of making my voice sail through wires in the sky — it took over my brain. I couldn't get it out."Frank," I whispered to my twin. "I have to use that telephone."Five minutes later, Frank towed me up Main Street, toward home. "Liza — " he began, but I cut him off. We two thought so much alike, I had Frank's questions answered before he even asked.56. People crowded in the post office because ___________.A. they were attracted by a new posterB. the postmaster was delivering a speechC. they were curious about the telephoneD. there was a wanted bank robber captured57. Which of the following is Not True according to the passage?A. Many people stared at the new device in open-mouthed amazement.B. The slight-figured twins managed to push to the front of the crowd.C. Even the best fix-it man in the town got no idea about the new device.D. The postmaster didn’t know anything about how the telephone worked.58. By“ It took over my brain. I couldn’t get it out.”,we get a clear picture of the girl’s ______.A. eagerness to use the telephoneB. fascination for the wood boxC. puzzlement over the strange soundD. determination to fly in the sky59. What is the passage mainly about?A. The twins’ frustrating experiences in the town.B. A special assembly called in the local post office.C. People’s reaction to the arrival of the first telephone.D. A great celebration of the start of telephone service.(B)Welcome to the LUSH Life!Out values are at the core of everything we do. From morally sourcing each ingredient and piece of packing to creating fresh, innovative cosmetics by hand, you’ll find a world of love and care in every product. Breathe deeply and soak up everything inside this box: we’ve made it just for you!A LUSH LIFEWE BELIEVE…in making effective products from fresh organic(有机的) fruit and vegetables, the finest essential oils and safe synthetics. We believe in buying ingredients only from companies that do not conduct tests on animals and in testing our products on humans. We invent our own products and fragrances(香料). We ma ke them fresh by hand using no preservative. We also believe words like ‘Fresh’ and‘Organic’ have an honest meaning beyond marketing.Handmade Fighting Animal TestingEverything we do is made for you, by us: each product is carefully crafted by experts in our cosmetic kitchens, and each gift is lovingly packed by hand. There are real, smiling people behind every aspect of our business. Watch for their face sticker on your next purchase--it’s our seal of handmade quality.You can rest easy knowing each and every LUSH product is 100% cruelty-free. For over 30 years, we’ve been buying ingredients only from companies that do not conduct tests on animas, and testing our products on human volunteers.Naked!When it comes to packaging, less is more--a nd none is even better! We’ve revolutionized the cosmetics industry by inventing solid, unpackaged products which save millions of plastic bottles from being produced, transported and disposed of every year. Any packaging we do use is recycled or recyclable.Charity PotSpread a little love. Hand and body creamis canned in our Charity Pot, which gives 100%of its purchase price to grassroots causes benefiting people, animals and the environment.To learn more about the charities we support and how to apply for funding, visit60. From the leaflet, we can get to know all the following facts about LUSH except _____.A. providing financial support to societyB. taking the lead in cosmetics marketingC. testing on humans instead of on animalsD. crafting and packing their products by hand61. In the section Naked!, LUSH claims that they _______.A. advocate recyclable or even no packagingB. sell cosmetics without any wrapping paperC. have invented some recyclable cosmeticsD. have improved ways of transporting products62. What is LUSH’s business philosophy we can find from the leaflet?A. The market image of a company should make way for its beliefs.B. Cosmetics are among the essentials of our lives in modern society.C. Homegrown vegetables and fruit are natural and reliable sources of cosmetics.D. Social responsibilities of a company can go hand in hand with profit making.(C)Since quitting can start feelings such as guilt and shame, we often do everything possible to avoid it. “We’re taught from our earlist days that if you quit something. It means you’re a failure,”says counseling psychologist Will Meek. He, however, suggests we view quitting differently.Quitting is like deciding to rearrange a room: yo u’ve grown comfortable with the status, and i t can be hard to picture the end result or even see why change is necessary. And yet, there’s the upsetting feeling that you’re no longer entirely satisfied with your current circumstances, perhaps even that you’ve stopped making progress. While it’s not o ut of the question for feeling or regret to surface after a major refit, leaving a position, project or situation can reveal exciting possibilities, making you feel inspired and renewed.Quitting, often happens in situations where we’re unhappy, fearful or have determined we have no other choice, factors that can have opposing effects on our health. Perhaps you find your work unfulfilling, or you’ve jumped into a new relationship before you’re ready —and, as a result, you’re operating under intense pressure.“If stress is enduring and not managed well, it can start to take a toll.”says Meek. According to the American Psychological Association, long-term, ongoing stress can increase the risk for high blood pressure and heart attack, so walking away from whatever is causing it can deliver significant physical and emotional health benefits.“We often see a reduction in the stress hormone cortisol (应激激素皮质醇), which can lower blood pressure and may even decrease the heart rate,” says Dr Alex Lickerman, a GP and expert on developing mental adaptability.Leaving situations that fail to bring you joy can leave you with sufficient time to explore where your heart is truly leading you. In a study that was published in 1999, then Harvard University professor Hermina Ibarra looked at how bankers tried different roles that required new skill sets—someone who spent a lot of time dealing with computers, for instance, was asked to take on personal interactions. Subjects were especially drawn to acting out a version of their future solves through …imitation strategies’—an approach they compared to …trying on different clothes,’ Mark Franklin, the president of CareerCyles, suggests a similar approach as a way to figure out what your true desires might be in your post-quitting life and foresee your future self.“Pretend to be a certain kind of person, or go and meet others who are doing what you want to do.” he says, “Try it on, see how it feels and decide if it’s a good fit for you.”It may not feel like it at the time, but just movin g on from a situation that’s not quite right can help you get back on track.63. It can be inferred from paragraph 2 that quitting may bring us feelings of being both ____.A. guilty and ashamedB. stupid and enthusiasticC. troubled and hopefulD. inspired and determined64. The phrase “take a toll”(paragraph 3)can be best replaced by“_____”.A. develop mental adaptabilityB. bring about changesC. keep up the pressureD. have a bad effect65. An approach suggested by Mark Franklin similar to …trying on different clothes’ is for_______.A. helping people find what truly suits them in careerB. telling capable employees from inadequate onesC. training employees to acquire different working skillsD. providing people with opportunities to have a role play66. It can be concluded from the passage that ______.A. quitting is track that only the timid will choose to followB. personal interaction can be must for reducing emotional pressureC. mental adaptability can be improved by the stress hormone cortisolD. knowing when to stop is wise and may make dreams happenSection CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. Scientists use indirect methods to discover exoplanets.B. Most exoplanets are very different from the ones in our solar system.C. As the star moves unsteadily, it changes the wavelength of the light we see.D. Astronomers have detected signals indicating the presence of a planetE. However, we have developed the technology to prove their existence only in the last few decades.F. Direct detection of the visible light from giant planets in space is becoming increasingly possible.Exoplanets(外行星): The Hunt Is OnToday scientists believe that planets could outnumber the stars. For centuries, scientists and natural philosophers have proposed that stars in the night sky have planetary systems similar to our own solar system. The existence of extrasolar planets, or exoplanets, has long been discussed.___67___ Although not the first exoplanet discovery, a planet near a sun-like star was discovered by astronomers in 1995. This kicked off an era of exoplanet hunting, with thousands of discoveries and confirmations following in its wake.___68___ However, in 2020 NASA’s Kepler space telescope found its first Earth-sized planet in a “habitable”zone. This is the distance form a star where surface temperatures of a planet wouldn’t be too hot or too cold for liquid water. So far, only a small slice of our galaxy, the Milky Way, has been explored. Even so, scientists have confirmed over 3,500 exoplanets, with more being added every day.To detect exoplanets, scientists use data from a variety of sources. Large ground-based telescopes, earth-circling and sun-circling satellites all collect different types of information. Because exoplanets are so far away and very close to stars, it is very difficult to see them directly. ___69___ For example, when an exoplanet moves between its star and us, it causes a small drop in the star’s brightness. Measuring this drop is the transit(凌日)method of discovery. NASA’S Kepler space t elescope has discovered many exoplanets this way.As a planet circles a star, it pulls on it and causes it to shake. ___70___ Measuring theseslight changes is the radial velocity(径向速度)method of discovering planets. It is one of the most productive methods for finding and confirming exoplanets.These are just two examples of the many methods scientists use in their hunt for exoplanets, hoping for more information and enhanced detail. As time progresses and technology improves, who knows what else we may find!Ⅳ.Summary WritingHopeNothing in my life had prepared me for what I had to do. Choosing my words carefully, and fighting to stay calm, I told my 4-year-old daughter that her grandmother had suffered a stroke(中风),that she was unconscious, and that the doctors said she would probably never wake up. As she moved closer to me, Amelia looked at me, eyes bright, and said, “Maybe Grandma will beokay.”“Maybe she will,” I said, keeping back the tears, But I knew better. I was flying up to Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, from our Florida home in the morning to say good-bye to my mom.The rest of that awful week, I joined my brother and father sitting by my mother’s side in the hospital room. I held her hand and talked to her. I told her that we still needed her. I told her that it wasn’t time to leave yet. I told her how much I loved her. And I told her that her little granddaughter, Amelia, believed that she’d get better. The doctors, with all their years of training and experience, offered no hope for recovery. The damage was simply too extensive.Then, a couple of weeks later, an odd thing happened. Mom woke up. She regained consciousness. Persevered through a long and tough recovery, during which she had to learn to walk, read, and write all over again, and eventual ly returned home to Dad. The only one who wasn’t shocked was Amerlia. The doctors couldn’t explain it. Amelia didn’t need to. Hope came as naturally to her as breathings.So why are we so afraid to hope sometimes? Maybe it’s because over the year, life’s disappointments can turn us to disillusionment(理想破灭). How many times have you heard someone say:“Hope for the best, expect the worst”?That’s not really hope at all.Hope is being able to look at our world with all of the joy and wonder of a child.___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 只有多练，你才能提高驾驶技术。
2020上海金山高三英语二模试卷
2020上海金山高三英语二模I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a hospital. B. In a school.C. In a kindergarten.D. In a tourist office.2. A. Improving her cooking skills. B. Tasting the food made by Tom.C. Having a picnic.D. Showcasing her talents to Tom.3. A. Supportive. B. Hesitant.C. Indifferent.D. Disapproving.4. A. In January. B. Until winter vacation.C. During Christmas season.D. Right now.5. A. The foundation of the theatre. B. A change to the theatre.C. The removal of the seats.D. The figure of the audience.6. A. It can help to find the patients easilyB. It can record patients' conditions.C. It gives patients medical advice.D. It makes records available to doctors and nurses.7. A. He doesn't want to draw.B. He prefers to make the labor division himself.C. He is good at drawing.D. He is happy because he doesn't have to draw.8. A. The key to the woman's success.B. The changes on the market.C. The management of the woman's company.D. The feeling of being a manager.9. A. To paint the doors. B. To paint the ceiling.C. To continue his job.D. To take the job home10. A. Because she is accustomed to the food there.B. Because the food is better there than at the school dining hall.C. Because it is a quiet place.D. Because they can't go to the school dining hall.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several passages and longer conversations, after each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversations will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Factors determining intelligence.B. A story of identical twins.C. The importance of intelligence.D. How to get a higher IQ.12. A. Because only one could enter college.B. Because they were abandoned by their parents.C. Because their parents died when they were only babies.D. Because the psychologists did an experiment researching human intelligence.13. A. John got a better education than his identical brother. Peter.B. Children growing up in wealthy families are smarter.C. Environment is important to the development of one's intelligence.D. An isolated community has more educational opportunities.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Unwrapping a new album.B. Having a newly-bought car.C. Entering a newly-purchased house.D. Having access to an online account.15. A. It is nice to share the account on Amazon.B. The sharing economy makes full use of cars.C. Consumers consider ownership more important than access.D. The sharing economy makes clear relationship between consumers and products.16. A. The sharing economy develops car manufacturing.B. It is good for environment to increase the usage of goods.C. The sharing economy reshapes the market and benefits people.D. In the sharing economy, companies bridge the gap between people and resources.Questions 17 and 18 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Products.B. Locations.C. Coffee making techniques.D. Staff quality.18. A. She made a questionnaire.B. She talked with customers.C. She wrote a handbook for the employeesD. She applied for a job at Starbucks.19. A. Customers are especially concerned about the service of a cafe.B. The more expensive the coffee beans and milk, the better the coffee is.C. Customers want more varieties of coffee.D. Customers rely on the brand image when they are making choices.20. A. Because the manual will be the latest version.B. Because it will tell customers detailed product information.C. Because it includes important policies and procedures.D. Because employees enjoy reading it.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A ban on distracted walkingYou can’t walk down the street without passing so-called “smart-phone zombies（僵尸）.” They are too absorbed in their screen (21) _________ (watch) where they are going. Almost four in ten people admit having suffered a technology-related small accident (22) _________ they pay more attention to their electronic device than to the pavement.Now the city of Honolulu, Hawaii, has decided it’s time to take immediate action and make it illegal to cross the road while using a mobile phone. Those (23) _________ (catch) using phones, tablets or other electronic devices at crossing points could face a fine of up to $ 100.Honolulu is the first major U. S. city to ban (24) _________ is called “distracted walking.” It comes after a study found there (25) _________ (be) more than 11,000 injuries in the United States resulting from phone-related distraction while walking in the past few years.To explain the decision, mayor Kirk Caldwell said, “We hold the unfortunate honor of being a major city (26) _________ more pedestrians are hit in crosswalks than almost any other city in the country.”Under the fine systems. (27) _________ breaks this law for the first time will get a fine of $15 to $35. People breaking the law for a second or third time will get a $99 fine.The law, which is called the Distracted Walking Law, does permit an exception. Pedestrians(28) _________ use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.If you still want to text while walking, you could avoid (29) _________ (fine) in Honolulu by using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant. Or you could just wait (30) _________ you are again, safely, off the street.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Giving kids allowances in the smart-phoneAllowances are a constant. No matter how much technology interferes with the parent-child relationship, kids still want money and parents still want to impart（赋予）a basic work ethic. But putting stickers on chore（日常事务）charts and dropping coins in piggy banks don’t cut it with the smart-phone generation.Parents in search of more _____31_____ ways to teach children the value of money are turning to allowance-tracking apps, where kids can see their ______32______ rise and fall in real time.Bonnie Koon, a mother of three in Crawfordville, Fla., used to post a calendar on her refrigerator _____33______ her kids chores, to the embarrassment of her 16-year-old twins. After seeing a Facebook ad for the app Green-light, she ____34_____ it.Green-light links to parents’ bank accounts so that the payout can be seamless. Parents can encourage saving by paying interest on the money that isn’t spent ____35____ -- interest out of the parents’ own pockets, of course.It’s the first taste of ____36____ freedom for many kids, and it’s set in a relatively safe environment. Parents can determine spending limits and choose the retailers（零售商）where a child can make _____37_____. If a child attempts to buy something at an unapproved store or to spend more than the limit, the transaction（交易）is _____38_____ and parents get a notification. And if a kid loses the card, parents can immediately cancel it from the app.One of Ms. Koon’s twins. Brenna, works part time at a restaurant. She’s putting half of her paycheck into a car-insurance savings fund she set up in the app, whit the goal of saving $450 by July. With each _____39______, the app gives Brenna a progress update.Some parents might worry that relying on apps to get kids to do chores only encourages them to be on their phones more. But parents who have chosen this approach argue that they are meeting their kids where they are and that it takes the _____40_____ nagging（唠叨）out of the equation. The real-time look at their accounts makes the concepts of saving and spending more tangible than reviewing a bank statement.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you like to take a walk in the woods in the United States or you prefer to decorate a tree at Christmas, you should know that climate change is making both of those activities a lot more ____41____.Looking at two ____42____ and economically important species -- the Douglas fir and the Ponderosa pine -- scientists found that fires and drought _____43_____ by climate change make new growth difficult, especially in low-elevation forests, according to a study published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.Some forests in four regions in California, Colorado, the Northern Rockies and the southwestern part of the United States have crossed “a(n) ____44____ climate tipping（转折）point for post-fire tree generation,” the study says.Climate conditions over the past 20 years have _____45_____ changes that would have taken decades or even centuries to ____46____ across broad regions of the country. This is leading to the sudden _____47_____ of trees and making these lands increasingly unsuitable for tree regeneration.“Climate changes is _____48_____ our forests now, not just in some distant future. Maybe in areas where there are really _____49_____ seed sources, there could be some trees, but it is becoming really hard to get these trees back due to climate change,” said study co-author Kim Davis.The problem probably won’t get any better, as climate change is making intense wildfires much more _____50_____. Western foresters say there used to be a fire season. But devastating and____51____ fires have become a reality all year long. In 2018, fire cost California more than $9.05 billion, according to the USA insurance commissioner, the deadliest and most destructive wildfires season in the ______52______ history.A higher number of fires and low seed availability means a high probability that these trees in these regions won’t come back, Davis said. This study _____53______ on the driest and hottest areas of the Western forests, but researchers will next try to focus on how much will be impacted._____54____, there are some things people can do to ease some of this problem. Forest management plans that reduce high-severity burns can help. Increasingly, forest managers are considering allowing some fires to burn under more moderate conditions, Davis said, Forest _____55_____.41. A. convenient B. difficult C. encouraging D. frustrating42. A. ecologically B. apparently C. physically D. financially43. A. destroyed B. worsened C. extended D. established44. A. necessary B. enormous C. critical D. invisible45. A. accelerated B. delayed C. eliminated D. strengthened46. A. transform B. spread C. preserve D. escape47. A. extinction B. decline C. tragedy D. increase48. A. sustaining B. abandoning C. facilitating D. endangering49. A. sufficient B. limited C. moderate D. approximate50. occasional B. common C. essential D. temporary51. A. astonishing B. hopeless C. costly D. irreversible52. A. world B. state C. human D. forest53. A. concentrated B. depended C. insisted D. commented54. A. As a result B. For example C. In fact D. What’s more55. A. savers B. managers C. researchers D. advocatesSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)EU members’ states have agreed to ban a toxic substance widely found in clothing because it poses an “acceptable risk” to the environment. Countries voted in favor of extending existing restrictions on nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPE) to imports to clothing and other textile products.The measure is intended to protect species in water. Use of NPE in textile manufature in Europe was banned over 10 years ago but the substance is still released into the water environment through imported textiles being washed.NPE degrades in the environment into substances including nonylphenol (NP), which accumulates in the bodies of fish and disturbs their hormones, harming fertility, growth and sexual development.NPE is used in textile manufacture as a cleaning and dyeing agent. The EU decision notes that several studies have found NPE to be present in textile items.A 2011 study by Greenpeace found NPE in two-thirds of clothes tested, including items sold by big-name brads such as Adidas, H&M, Lacoste, and Ralph Lauren. The NGO (Non-Governmental Organizations) argued that although concentrations of NPE found in the clothes were low, the chemical’s existence in the environment posed a risk.The new ban on textiles containing NPE in concentrations equal to or greater than 0.01% will enter into force five years after it is adopted by the European Commission, which is likely to happen in September.In comments submitted to ECHA (European Chemicals Agency), clothing and textile firms have warned that obeying the restriction will be difficult because NPE ubiquitous in the supply chain and has numerous uses.The new restriction will not apply to second-hand goods or recycled textiles because it is assumed that these will already have been washed several times so they contain negligible（微不足道的）amounts of NPE.EU countries must eliminate pollution of water bodies by NP as it is a priority substance under the Water Framework Directive. A 2013 study by the UK environment agency warned that emissions from textiles could prevent progress towards this objective. It found 29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPE, which was released during the first two washes by the consumer.56. The 2011 study by Greenpeace found _________.A. 29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPEB. NPE had limited effects on aquatic speciesC. NPE was widely present in textile productsD. clothes of good quality had no concentrations of NPE57. What’s the possible meaning of the underlined part “is ubiquitous” is Paragraph 7?A. is legally protectedB. is not easy to be foundC. seems to be every whereD. is uncommon58. What can we learn from the text?A. The original ban on use of NPE was very effective.B. Recycled textile contain less NPE.C. The new ban on imports of textile has come into force.D. The UK environment agency is optimistic about the new ban.59. Which section of the website does the text come from?A. lifestyleB. technology.C. Business.D. Environment.(B)LettersComments on the March Issue60. How did Antia Lawrence react to her husband’s diagnosis?A. She felt very painful.B. She gained some life lessons.C. She paid more attention to her own health.D. She showed deep sympathy for her husband.61. According to Sam Kieffer’s letter, what can be learn about John All?A. He is an expert in mountaineeringB. He wrote the article entitled Trapped Inside a Glacier.C. Not all people could survive in the same situation as he did.D. His story is the best one that Sam Kieffer has ever read in Reader’s Digest.62. Who is likely to disagree with what is said in the commented article?A. Edward Deckerd.B. Antia Lawrence.C. Sam Kieffer.D. Janet Toole(C)What makes us love some things and hate others? We know that sometimes even the tiniest change can result in a huge difference in how we perceive something, so is there any rhyme or reason to our tastes and preferences? Here are three factors which play a role.1. Conforming to expectationIn London a few years ago, two talented rappers called Silibil N’ Brains took to the stage to perform at a music industry show for unsigned bands. They were an instant hit. Their outrageous West Coast - American style, brilliant rap lyrics and couldn’t - care - less attitude had the music industry’s talent spotters falling over themselves to sign the pair. In a short space of time, Silibil N’ Brains had a deal with a top management company, a contract with a major record label and an advance of $70,000 -- and they hadn’t even made a record. Before long, they were on tour with Eminem and out partying with Madonna. They were living the dream.But two years ago the same two rappers were laughed off stage by the same talent spotters for singing the same sons. So what was the difference? Amazingly, it was their accent. You see, Silibil N’ Brains weren’t, in fact, from West Coast U. S. A. at all. They were from Dundee in Scotland. During the first audition they had used their Scottish accents when rapping and it had not gone down well. “They just laughed at us,” recalled Brains. “We were heartbroken. We went back to Scotland with our tail between our legs”. The lesson for them was that to succeed, you have to conform to expectations and at that time everyone expected rappers to be American.2. The benefit of hindsightSome people are simply ahead of their time. It’s common knowledge that Vincent van Gogh sold only one painting in his lifetime -- the other 900 or so were unknown and unloved until after his death. Monet’s paintings. at least in his early career, was considered incomplete and ugly by critics at the time, while Vermeer, the painter of Girl With a Pearl Earring, even had to use his mother-in-law as a guarantor when he borrowed money -- so unable was he to sell any of his work! Now that public taste has caught up with these artists, more or less anything they touched has an astronomical price tag attached to it. Perhaps the reason is that it just takes a while to get used to something -- after all, not all beauty is obvious at first sight.3. A reassuring price tagIn a world where the range of products on offer can be completely bewildering, we often look to price as an indication of quality. We may think we prefer the expensive wine to the cheap one, but we may simply be influenced by the price tag. Even professionals can make the mistake. A researcher from the University of Bordeaux in France took an average bottle of red wine and poured it into two empty bottles, on with an expensive label and the other with a cheap one. Then he invited57 wine “experts” to taste the wine. Forty of them recommended the wine from the expensive bottle, describing it as “agreeable”, “complex”, “balanced” and “rounded.” while the same wine from the expensive bottle, describing it as “agreeable”, “complex”, “balanced” and “rounded,” while the same wine from the cheap bottle was described as “weak” and “flat”, with only 12 of the experts recommending it. The study made the researcher unpopular with the French wine tasters, but he did prove that price has a significant impact on taste.63. Which of the following statements about Silibil N’ Brains is true?A. Talent spotters fell in love with them at first sight.B. They are from the West Coast of AmericaC. Their success was attributed to behaving and sounding like American rappers.D. They were friends with famous stars like Madonna even before they succeeded.64. The underlined phrases “with our tail between our legs” indicates that _________.A. their first audition proved a failureB. they felt proud of their performanceC. they learned a valuable lessonD. being humble might contribute to their future success65. We an infer from the second factor that ________.A. some artists are better known when they are alive than when they are deadB. public taste usually falls behind famous artistsC. beauty at first sight lasts much longerD. Monet’s paintings are priceless because of their incompleteness66. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. A price tag always fails to indicate the quality of a product.B. A price tag is less likely to confuse customers than the packaging.C. Low price will make the wine unpopular with tastersD. A price tag will cloud a person’s judgement of something.Section CDirections: Read the following. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Are Bamboo-Eating Pandas Really Herbivores?On the outside, giant pandas look like herbivores（食草动物）. They spend nearly all of their waking hours eating bamboo. But on the inside, they’re built like carnivores（食肉动物）. About half of the calories they eat come from protein, according to a new study.The ancestor of giant pandas were omnivorous（杂食的）. They are both animals and plants, and had the digestive system and gut bacteria to metabolize（使发生新陈代谢）them. They had “umami taste receptors,” to appreciate the flavors of meat.However, about 2.4 million years ago, things began to change. _____67_____ Their jaw and teeth evolved to help them crush bamboo, and their wrist bone became capable of grasping the stalks （杆）of their favorite plant. Scientists think pandas switched to eating bamboo partly because they didn’t have to fight with other animals to get it. Bamboo is high in fiber but has a low concentration of nutrients, so pandas have to eat 20 to 40 pounds of the plant every day just to get by.David Raubenheimer, a nutritional ecologist at the University of Sydney, and his colleagues put GPS trackers on two giant pandas and followed their movement throughout the year. They discovered that the pandas followed the protein. _______68______ At the start of the cycle, they ate Bashania fargesii leaves until they got the chance to feast on young shoots, which contained more protein.The more the shoots grew, the more their protein was diluted（冲淡）by fiber. That caused the pandas to move to higher ground, where Fargesia qinlingensis grew. First, they ate the shoots, but these, too, went from being protein - rich to fiber-rich as they grew. The panda responded by switching to the leaves. ______69______ The researchers found that about half of the calories the pandas ate were in the form of protein._______70_______ “They can know exactly where to go, and when to go, so they can get the most of the nutrients that their ecosystem can provide,” said Silvia Pineda - Munoz, who was not involved in the study.The work also shows that classifying an animals as herbivore or carnivore is more complex than one might sassume. “It’s not whether you’re eating plants but what of the plants you’re eating,” said Pineda - Munoz.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71. Herbal MedicineHerbal medicine, which has been used for medicinal purposes, is the use of plants to treat diseases. Many herbalists use the entire plant, from the flowers, stems, leaves, and roots, in the form of everything from teas to pills. These plants contain natural, chemical things that can treat the body for a variety of diseases, such as allergies, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, migraine, chronic fatigue, and cancer, among others.Nowadays an increasing number of people prefer to adopt these plants to treat their diseases because, compared with chemical medicine, herbal medicine has its own advantages. Herbal medicine and remedies are more effective than chemical medicine for certain diseases. The chemical medicine given by a chemist could have certain negative side effects. However, many of the herbal medicine and remedies to not have negative side effects. If any, they are softer than chemical medicine. Obesity is the cause of many of the health problems. Herbal medicine can help weight loss more effectively and improve overall health.However, the cure using herbal medicine and supplements would take some time, and therefore people are supposed to possess enough patience. Worse still, herbal medicine contains a variety ofingredients and people have to be sure that their body agrees with the ingredients and that it is not allergic（过敏）.A point worth mentioning here is that herbal remedies and medicine for certain illnesses may have negative side effects. These side effects may not be shown at once, but would take months or even years. In the early stages, if the herbal medicine is not agreeing with you, it is wise to stop using it.When used correctly and directed by doctors, herbs can help treat a variety of disease. But keep in mind that the herbal medicine industry is not regulated, so herbal products are often misleading and may contain additives that are not listed on the label. Some herbs may cause allergic reactions or interact with other drugs, and some are poisonous if used improperly or at high doses. Taking herbs on your own increases your risk.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 一闻到这种蛋糕的味道我就总会想起童年。
2020届金山区高三英语二模(含答案)
金山区2019 学年第二学期质量监控高三英语试卷（考试时间120 分钟，总分140 分）2020 年5 月I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. In a hospital. B. In a school.C. In a kindergarten.D. In a tourist office.2.A. Improving her cooking skills. B. Tasting the food made by Tom.C. Having a picnic.D. Showcasing her talents to Tom.3.A. Supportive. B. Hesitant.C. Indifferent.D. Disapproving.4.A. In January. B. Until winter vacation.C. During Christmas season.D. Right now.5.A. The foundation of the theatre. B. A change to the theatre.C. The removal of the seats.D. The figure of the audience.6.A. It can help to find the patients easily. B. It can record patients’ conditions.C. It gives patients medical advice.D. It makes records available to doctors and nurses.7.A. He doesn’t want to draw. B. He prefers to make the labor division himself.C. He is good at drawing.D. He is happy because he doesn’t have to draw.8.A. The key to the woman’s success. B. The changes on the market.C. The management of the woman’s company.D. The feeling of being a manager.9.A. To paint the doors. B. To paint the ceiling.C. To continue his job.D. To take the job home.10.A. Because she is accustomed to the food there.B.Because the food is better there than at the school dining hall.C.Because it is a quiet place.D.Because they can’t go to the school dining hall.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. Factors determining intelligence. B. A story of identical twins.C. The importance of intelligence.D. How to get a higher IQ.12.A. Because only one could enter college. B. Because they were abandoned by their parents.C.Because their parents died when they were only babies.D.Because the psychologists did an experiment researching human intelligence.13.A. John got a better education than his identical brother, Peter.B.Children growing up in wealthy families are smarter.C.Environment is important to the development of one’s intelligence.D.An isolated community has more educational opportunities.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A. Unwrapping a new album. B. Having a newly-bought car.C. Entering a newly-purchased house.D. Having access to an online account.15. A. It is nice to share the account on Amazon. B. The sharing economy makes full use of cars.C.Consumers consider ownership more important than access.D.The sharing economy makes clear relationship between consumers and products.16. A. The sharing economy develops car manufacturing.B.It is good for environment to increase the usage of goods.C.The sharing economy reshapes the market and benefits people.D.In the sharing economy, companies bridge the gap between people and resources.Questions17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17.A. Products. B. Locations.C. Coffee making techniques.D. Staff quality.18.A. She made a questionnaire. B. She talked with customers.C. She wrote a handbook for the employees.D. She applied for a job at Starbucks.19.A. Customers are especially concerned about the service of a cafe.B.The more expensive the coffee beans and milk, the better the coffee is.C.Customers want more varieties of coffee.D.Customers rely on the brand image when they are making choices.20.A. Because the manual will be the latest version.B.Because it will tell customers detailed product information.C.Because it includes important policies and procedures.D.Because employees enjoy reading it.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A ban on distracted walkingYou can’t walk down the street without passing so-called “smartphone zombies ( 僵尸).” They are too absorbed in their screen (21) (watch) where they are going. Almost four in ten people admit having suffered a technology-related small accident (22) they pay more attention to their electronic device than to the pavement.Now the city of Honolulu, Hawaii, has decided it’s time to take immediate action and make it illegal to cross the road while using a mobile phone. Those (23) (catch) using phones, tablets or other electronic devices at crossing points could face a fine of up to $100.Honolulu is the first major U.S. city to ban (24) is called “distracted walking.” It comes after a study found there (25) (be) more than 11,000 injuries in the United States resulting from phone-related distraction while walking in the past few years.To explain the decision, mayor Kirk Caldwell said, “We hold the unfortunate honor of being a major city (26) more pedestrians are hit in crosswalks than almost any other city in the country.”Under the fine systems, (27) breaks this law for the first time will get a fine of $15 to $35. People breaking the law for a second or third time will get a $99 fine.The law, which is called the Distracted Walking Law, does permit an exception. Pedestrians (28) use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.If you still want to text while walking, you could avoid (29) (fine) in Honolulu by using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant. Or you could just wait (30) you are again, safely, off the street.K. purchasesJ. deliberatelyG. financialH. immediatelyI. listingF. engagingE. downloadedD. deposit C. declined B. balance A. parental Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Giving kids allowances in the smartphone ageAllowances are a constant. No matter how much technology interferes with the parent-child relationship, kids still want money and parents still want to impart (赋予) a basic work ethic. But putting stickers on chore (日常事务) charts and dropping coins in piggy banks don’t cut it with the smartphone generation.Parents in search of more 31 ways to teach children the value of money are turning to allowance-tracking apps, where kids can see their32rise and fall in real time.Bonnie Koon, a mother of three in Crawfordville, Fla., used to post a calendar on her refrigerator33her kids chores, to the embarrassment of her 16-year-old twins. After seeing a Facebook ad for the app Greenlight, she34 it.Greenlight links to parents’ bank accounts so that the payout can be seamless. Parents can encourage saving by paying interest on the money that isn’t spent 35 — interest out of the parents’ own pockets, of course.It’s the first taste of 36 freedom for many kids, and it’s set in a relatively safe env ironment. Parents can determine spending limits and choose the retailers （零售商）where a child can make37 . If a child attempts tobuy something at an unapproved store or to spend more than the limit, the transaction ( 交 易 ) is 38andparents get a notification. And if a kid loses the card, parents can immediately cancel it from the app.One of Ms. Koon’s twins, Brenna, works part time at a restaurant. She’s putting half of her pay check into a car -insurance savings fund she set up in the app, with the goal of saving $450 by July. With each 39 , the app gives Brenna a progress update.Some parents might worry that relying on apps to get kids to do chores only encourages them to be on their phones more. But parents who have chosen this approach argue that they are meeting their kids where they are and that it takes the40nagging ( 唠 叨 ) out of the equation. The real-time look at their accounts makes the concepts ofsaving and spending more tangible than reviewing a bank statement.III. Reading Comprehension Section AIf you like to take a walk in the woods in the United States or you prefer to decorate a tree at Christmas, you should know that climate change is making both of those activities a lot more 41 .Looking at two 42 and economically important species——the Douglas fir and the Ponderosa pine —— scientists found that fires and drought 43 by climate change make new growth difficult, especially in low-elevation forests, according to a study published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.Some forests in four regions in California, Colorado, the Northern Rockies and the southwestern part of the United States have crossed “a(n) 44 climate tipping ( 转折) point for post-fire tree generation,” the study says.Climate conditions over the past 20 years have 45 changes that would have taken decades or even centuries to 46 across broad regions of the country. This is leading to the sudden 47 of trees and making these lands increasingly unsuitable for tree regeneration.“Climate change is 48 our forests now, not just in some distant future. Maybe in areas where there are really 49 seed sources, there could be some trees, but it is becoming really hard to get these trees back due to climate change,”said study co-author Kim Davis.The problem probably won’t get any better, as climate change is making intense wildfires much more50 . Western foresters say there used to be a fire season. But devastating and 51 fires have become a reality all year long. In 2018, fire cost California more than $9.05 billion, according to the USA insurance commissioner, the deadliest and most destructive wildfire season in the 52 history.A higher number of fires and low seed availability means a high probability that these t rees in these regions won’t come back, Davis said. This study 53 on the driest and hottest areas of the Western forests, but researchers will next try to focus on how much will be impacted.54 , there are some things people can do to ease some of this problem. Forest management plans that reduce high-severity burns can help. Increasingly, forest managers are considering allowing some fires to burn under more moderate conditions, Davis said. Forest 55can also replant trees after fire, at least in the areas where climate conditions will allow.41. A. convenient B. difficult C. encouraging D. frustrating42. A. ecologically B. apparently C. physically D. financially43. A. destroyed B. worsened C. extended D. established44. A. necessary B. enormous C. critical D. invisible45. A. accelerated B. delayed C. eliminated D. strengthened46. A. transform B. spread C. preserve D. escape47. A. extinction B. decline C. tragedy D. increase48. A. sustaining B. abandoning C. facilitating D. endangering49. A. sufficient B. limited C. moderate D. approximate50. A. occasional B. common C. essential D. temporary51. A. astonishing B. hopeless C. costly D. irreversible52. A. world B. state C. human D. forest53. A. concentrated B. depended C. insisted D. commented54. A. As a result B. For example C. In fact D. What’s more55. A. savers B. managers C. researchers D. advocatesSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)EU members’ states have agreed to ban a toxic substance widely found in clothing because it poses an “acceptable risk” to the environment. Countries voted in favor of extending existing restrictions on nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPE) to imports of clothing and other textile products.The measure is intended to protect species in water. Use of NPE in textile manufacture in Europe was banned over 10 years ago but the substance is still released into the water environment through imported textiles being washed.NPE degrades in the environment into substances including nonylphenol (NP), which accumulates in the bodies of fish and disturbs their hormones, harming fertility, growth and sexual development.NPE is used in textile manufacture as a cleaning and dyeing agent. The EU decision notes that several studies have found NPE to be present in textile items.A 2011 study by Greenpeace found NPE in two-thirds of clothes tested, including items sold by big-name brands such as Adidas, H&M, Lacoste, and Ralph Lauren. The NGO (Non-Governmental Organizations) argued that although concentrations of NPE found in the clothes were low, the chemical’s existence in the environment posed a risk.The new ban on textiles containing NPE in concentrations equal to or greater than 0.01% will enter into force five years after it is adopted by the European Commission, which is likely to happen in September.In comments submitted to ECHA (European Chemicals Agency), clothing and textile firms have warned that obeying the restriction will be difficult because NPE is ubiquitous in the supply chain and has numerous uses.The new restriction will not apply to second-hand goods or recycled textiles because it is assumed that these will already have been washed several times so they contain negligible (微不足道的) amounts of NPE.EU countries must eliminate pollution of water bodies by NP as it is a priority substance under the Water Framework Directive. A 2013 study by the UK environment agency warned that emissions from textiles could prevent progress towards this objective. It found 29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPE, which was released during the first two washes by the consumer.56.The 2011 study by Greenpeace found .A.29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPEB.NPE had limited effects on aquatic speciesC.NPE was widely present in textile productsD.clothes of good quality had no concentrations of NPE57.What’s the possible meaning of the underlined part “is ubiquitous” in Paragraph 7?A. is legally protectedB. is not easy to be foundC. seems to be everywhereD. is uncommon58.What can we learn from the text?A.The original ban on use of NPE was very effective.B.Recycled textiles contain less NPE.C.The new ban on imports of textiles has come into force.D.The UK environment agency is optimistic about the new ban.59.Which section of the website does the text come from?A. Lifestyle.B. Technology.C. Business.D. Environment.(B)Letters Comments on the March Issue40 Smart Ways to Saveat the SupermarketYour caution not to fall for fake sales reminded me of when I was a stock boy at my neighborhood grocery in the 1950s. One time, we got a delivery of off-band vegetables. I priced them at ten cents a can. I don’t think we sold more than six cans—until I put up a sign that said “Special: Nine for $1.” I set them out Thursday evening, and by noon on Saturday they were gone.Edward Deckerd,Perryville, MissouriTrapped Inside a GlacierReading about John All’s experience on Mount Himlung was very inspiring to me. A man with 15 broken bones and bleeding internally being able to climb up a 70-foot wall of ice and survive for 18 hours at 20,000 feet is something that I would have thought to be impossible. I am 16 years old and a lifelong reader. Out of all the great content in Reader’s Digest, stories like his are the ones I enjoy the most.Sam Kieffer,Richardson, TexasBill’s Last, Best GiftTracy Grant’s article resonated ( 与产生共鸣) deeply with me. Twelve years ago, my husband, Don, was diagnosed with terminal brain cancer. As his caregiver, I, too, learned to appreciate the people and things around me and not to sweat the small stuff, and in the long run, I became a much better person. Don also gave me his last, best gift of love and peace.Antia Lawrence,San Diego, CaliforniaDishes Professional Chefs Cookin the MicrowaveMicrowaving live lobsters is inhumane and cruel. Because lobsters feel pain, Switzerland has recently outlawed the practice of boiling them live. A similar law was passed in Italy, where it is now illegal to put lobsters on ice before cooking them. I hope you provide an update to your story promoting humane practices instead of cruel and violent ones.Janet Toole,Phoenixville, Pennsylvania60.How did Antia Lawrence react to her husband’s diagnosis?A.She felt very painful.B.She gained some life lessons.C.She paid more attention to her own health.D.She showed deep sympathy for her husband.61.According to Sam Kieffer’s letter, what can be learn about John All?A.He is an expert in mountaineering.B.He wrote the article entitled Trapped Inside a Glacier.C.Not all people could survive in the same situation as he did.D.His story is the best one that Sam Kieffer has ever read in Reader’s Digest.62.Who is likely to disagree with what is said in the commented article?A.Edward Deckerd.B. Antia Lawrence.(C)What makes us love some things and hate others? We know that sometimes even the tiniest change can result in a huge difference in how we perceive something, so is there any rhyme or reason to our tastes and preferences? Here are three factors which play a role.1.Conforming to expectationsIn London a few years ago, two talented rappers called Silibil N’ Brains took to the stage to perform at a music industry show for unsigned bands. They were an instant hit. Their outrageous West Coast-American style, brilliant rap lyrics and couldn’t-care-less attitude had the music industry’s talent spotters falling over themselves to sign the pair. In a short space of time, Silibil N’ Brains had a deal with a top management company, a contrac t with a major record label and an advance of $70, 000 —and they hadn’t even made a record. Before long, they were on tour with Eminem and out partying with Madonna. They were living the dream.But two years ago the same two rappers were laughed off stage by the same talent spotters for singing the same songs. So what was the difference? Amazingly, it was their accent. You see, Silibil N’ Brains weren’t, in fact, from West Coast U.S.A. at all. They were from Dundee in Scotland. During the first audition they had used their Scottish accents when rapping and it hadn’t gone down well. “They just laughed at us,” recalled Brains. “We were heartbroken. We went back to Scotland with our tail between our legs.” The lesson for them was that to succeed, you have to c onform to expectations and at that time everyone expected rappers to be American.2.The benefit of hindsightSome people are simply ahead of their time. It’s common knowledge that Vincent van Gogh sold only one painting in his lifetime — the other 900 or so were unknown and unloved until after his death. Monet’s paintings, at least in his early career, was considered incomplete and ugly by critics at the time, while Vermeer, the painter of Girl With a Pearl Earring, even had to use his mother-in-law as a guarantor when he borrowed money — so unable was he to sell any of his work! Now that public taste has caught up with these artists, more or less anything they touched has an astronomical price tag attached to it. Perhaps the reason is that it just takes a while to get used to something — after all, not all beauty is obvious at first sight.3.A reassuring price tagIn a world where the range of products on offer can be completely bewildering, we often look to price as an indication of quality. We may think we prefer the expensive wine to the cheap one, but we may simply be influenced by the price tag. Even professionals can make the mistake. A researcher from the University of Bordeaux in France took an average bottle of red wine and poured it into two empty bottles, one with an expensive label and the other with a cheap one. Then he invited 57 wine “experts” to taste the wine. Forty of them recommended the wine from the expensive bottle, describing it as “agreeable”, “complex”, “balanced” and “rounded,” while the same wine from the cheap bottle was described as “weak” and “flat”, with only 12 of the experts recommending it. The study made the researcher unpopular with the French wine tasters, but he did prove that price has a significant impact on taste.63.Which of the following statements about Silibil N’ Brains is true?A. Talent spotters fell in love with them at first sight.B. They are from the West Coast of America.C.Their success was attributed to behaving and sounding like American rappers.D.They were friends with famous stars like Madonna even before they succeeded.64.The underlined phrase “with our tail between our legs”indicates that .A. their first audition proved a failureB. they felt proud of their performanceC. they learned a valuable lessonD. being humble might contribute to their future success65.We can infer from the second factor that .A.some artists are better known when they are alive than when they are deadB.public taste usually falls behind famous artistsC.beauty at first sight lasts much longerD.Monet’s paintings are priceless because of their incompleteness66.What can we learn from the last paragraph?A.A price tag always fails to indicate the quality of a product.B.A price tag is less likely to confuse customers than the packaging.C.Low price will make the wine unpopular with tasters.D.A price tag will cloud a person’s judgement of something.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Between August and April, they sought food in low elevations (海拔) on China’s Qinling Mountains.B.Scientists think the research shows that pandas are very clever.C.Pandas eat bamboo all day long except when they are sleeping or playing.D.The gene for their “umami taste receptors” became inactive.E.They fed on them until they went back down the mountain and started eating Bashania fargesii leaves again.F.Scientists have conducted many studies on pandas’ eating habits.Are Bamboo-Eating Pandas Really Herbivores?On the outside, giant pandas look like herbivores (食草动物). They spend nearlyall of their waking hours eating bamboo. But on the inside, they’re built likecarnivores ( 食肉动物). About half of the calories they eat come from protein,according to a new study.The ancestor of giant pandas were omnivorous (杂食的). They ate both animalsand plants, and had the digestive system and gut bacteria to metabolize (使发生新陈代谢) them. They had “umami taste receptors,” to appreciate the flavors of meat.However, about 2.4 million years ago, things began to change. 67 Their jaw and teeth evolved to help them crush bamboo, and their wrist bone became capable of grasping the stalks ( 秆) of their favorite plant. Scientists think pandas switched to eating bamboo partly because they didn’t have to fight with other animals to get it. Bamboo is high in fiber but has a low concentration of nutrients, so pandas have to eat 20 to 40 pounds of the plant every day just to get by.David Raubenheimer, a nutritional ecologist at the University of Sydney, and his colleagues put GPS trackers on two giant pandas and followed their movements throughout the year. They discovered that the pandas followed the protein. 68 At the start of the cycle, they ate Bashania fargesii leaves until they got the chance to feast on young shoots, which contained more protein.The more the shoots grew, the more their protein was diluted ( 冲淡) by fiber. That caused the pandas to move to higher ground, where Fargesia qinlingensis grew. First, they ate the shoots, but these, too, went from being protein-rich to fiber-rich as they grew. The pandas responded by switching to the leaves. 69 The researchers found that about half of the calories the pandas ate were in the form of protein.70 “They can know exactly where to go, and when to go, so they can get the most of the nutrients that their ecosystem can provide,” said Silvia Pineda-Munoz, who was not involved in the study.The work also shows that classifying an animal as herbivore or carnivore is more complex than one might assume. “It’s not whether you’re eating plants but what part of the plants you’re eating,” said Pineda-Munoz.IV.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71.Herbal MedicineHerbal medicine, which has been used for medicinal purposes, is the use of plants to treat diseases. Many herbalists use the entire plant, from the flowers, stems, leaves, and roots, in the form of everything from teas to pills. These plants contain natural, chemical things that can treat the body for a variety of diseases，such as allergies, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, migraine, chronic fatigue, and cancer, among others.Nowadays an increasing number of people prefer to adopt these plants to treat their diseases because, compared with chemical medicine, herbal medicine has its own advantages. Herbal medicine and remedies are more effective than chemical medicine for certain diseases. The chemical medicine given by a chemist could have certain negative side effects. However, many of the herbal medicine and remedies do not have negative side effects. If any, they are softer than chemical medicine. Obesity is the cause of many of the health problems. Herbal medicine can help weight loss more effectively and improve overall health.However, the cure using herbal medicine and supplements would take some time, and therefore people are supposed to possess enough patience. Worse still, herbal medicine contains a variety of ingredients and people have to be sure that their body agrees with the ingredients and that it is not allergic (过敏).A point worth mentioning here is that herbal remedies and medicine for certain illnesses may have negative side effects. These side effects may not be shown at once, but would take months or even years. In the early stages, if the herbal medicine is not agreeing with you, it is wise to stop using it.When used correctly and directed by doctors, herbs can help treat a variety of diseases. But keep in mind that the herbal medicine industry is not regulated, so herbal products are often misleading and may contain additives that are not listed on the label. Some herbs may cause allergic reactions or interact with other drugs, and some are poisonous if used improperly or at high doses. Taking herbs on your own increases your risk.V.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.一闻到这种蛋糕的味道我就总会想起童年。