高一英语语法动词的被动语态

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高中英语知识点归纳被动语态和主动语态的区别总结

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态和主动语态的区别总结

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态和主动语态的区别总结被动语态和主动语态是英语中常用的两种语态之一,它们在表达方式和语法结构上有着明显的差异。

本文将对被动语态和主动语态进行总结和区别,并提供一些学习和应用被动语态的技巧。

一、被动语态的定义和结构被动语态是指动作的承受者或对象成为句子的主语,强调的是动作对主语的影响或作用。

被动语态的结构为“助动词be + 过去分词”。

具体的构成如下:1. 一般现在时的被动语态:主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词2. 一般过去时的被动语态:主语 + was/were + 过去分词3. 一般将来时的被动语态:主语 + will be + 过去分词二、主动语态的定义和结构主动语态是指主语执行动作,强调的是主语的行为或动作。

主动语态的结构为“主语 + 动词 + 宾语”。

具体的构成如下:1. 一般现在时的主动语态:主语 + 动词 + 宾语2. 一般过去时的主动语态:主语 + 动词的过去式 + 宾语3. 一般将来时的主动语态:主语 + will + 动词原形 + 宾语三、被动语态和主动语态的区别被动语态和主动语态在语法结构和句子表达上有明显的差异,其主要区别如下:1. 句子结构:- 被动语态:助动词be + 过去分词- 主动语态:主语 + 动词 + 宾语2. 语气和重点:- 被动语态:强调动作的承受者或对象- 主动语态:强调动作的执行者或主体3. 形式和动作:- 被动语态:动作对主语的影响或作用- 主动语态:主语执行动作4. 时态和人称:- 被动语态和主动语态的时态和人称要保持一致,只是在结构上有所差异四、学习和应用被动语态的技巧1. 注意动词的时态:- 在使用被动语态时,要根据句子的时态来确定助动词be的形式,如一般现在时用am/is/are,一般过去时用was/were,一般将来时用will be。

2. 确定句子的主语和宾语:- 在转换为被动语态时,要注意确定原句中的主语和宾语,将宾语变为被动结构中的主语,同时动词也要做相应的调整。

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态被动语态是英语语法中的一个重要知识点。

在使用被动语态时,主语是承受者,而动作的执行者则成为谓语的一部分。

这一语法结构在表达特定情况和强调动作承受者时非常有用。

本文将对高中英语中常见的被动语态知识点进行归纳总结。

一、被动语态的构成被动语态由助动词“be”(is, am, are, was, were, been)和动词的过去分词构成。

动词的过去分词可根据动词的不同形态进行变化,常见的变化规则包括加“-ed”、改变拼写或使用不规则变化。

二、被动语态的用法1. 描述普遍情况或客观事实:Inventions are made every day.2. 强调动作承受者:The cake was eaten by the children.3. 避免指责或强调行为:Mistakes were made, and lessons were learned.4. 表示不明或未指定的主语:Money was stolen from the bank.三、被动语态的时态被动语态根据需要使用不同的时态。

下面是常见的被动语态时态使用示例:1. 现在时态:The car is washed by my brother every week.2. 过去时态:The letter was sent yesterday.3. 将来时态:The contract will be signed next week.4. 现在进行时态:The house is being built by a group of workers.5. 现在完成时态:The book has been read by many people.四、被动语态与不定式、情态动词的使用1. 被动语态与不定式:The house needs to be repaired.2. 被动语态与情态动词:The project should be completed by tomorrow.五、被动语态的特殊情况1. 特殊疑问句:Where was the bag found?2. 感叹句:How beautifully the song was sung by the singer!3. 含有两个宾语的句子:We were given a gift by our friends.六、被动语态中的常见错误1. 错误的主语:The book is written by Shakespeare.(改为“The book was written by Shakespeare.”)2. 错误的时态:The photos were taken by me last weekend.(改为“The photos have been taken by me.”)通过对高中英语被动语态知识点的归纳总结,我们可以更好地理解和应用被动语态。

高一必修2被动语态详解

高一必修2被动语态详解

U n i t 2一、被动语态基础篇1.被动语态的构成:be + 过去分词2.时态通过助动词be变化体现:时态be 过去分词done为例例句一般现在时am / is / are done English is spoken in many countries.一般过去时was / were done Some TV sets for sale in the department storewere stolen last night.一般将来时shall / will + be done He won't be allowed, by his father, to marry Larra.过去将来时would / should + be done They would be sent to the army when theyFinished the training.现在进行时am / is / are + being done The project is being carried out.过去进行时was / were + being done The case was being investigated then.现在完成时have / has + been done This novel has been translated into several languages. 过去完成时had+ been done They said that production costs had been reduced. 【说明】:以上的八个时态可用于被动式,其它没有列举的时态都不宜用于被动语态的句子中。

3.一般能用主动语态时优先使用主动语态。

只在下列情况中才用被动语态:(1)不知道或没必要指出行为、动作的执行者(无须加by短语)Football is played around the world.(2)突出和强调行为或动作的承受着。

新高一教学辅导英语语法-被动语态

新高一教学辅导英语语法-被动语态
例:My bike needs repairing. • =My bike needs to be repaired. • 我的自行车需要修理。
课堂练习 (一)改写句子 1. We plant trees in spring every year. Trees are planted _________________ by us in spring every year. 2. She posted the letter yesterday. The letter was posted ____________________ by her yesterday. 3. Mr Turner gave me a birthday present. I was given _______________a birthday present by Mr Turner. 5. You may hand in your homework tomorrow. ______________________________ by you tomorrow. Your homework may be handed in 6. She is going to write a letter. A letter is going to be written __________________________ by her.
高一新人教版语法讲解--被动语态
被动语态的基本构成:
be+动词过去分词
(be+done)
动词的过去分词变法:
1.规则动词的过去分词:
1)一般情况在动词原形后加-ed 2)以不发音e结尾的加-d 3)以辅音加y结尾的,去y变i加-ed
study---studied

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法被动语态是英语语法中常用的一个句子结构,被动语态的构成和用法对于学习英语的学生来说非常重要。

本文将就高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法进行详细解析,帮助学生更好地掌握这个语法结构。

一、被动语态的构成被动语态的构成由两部分组成:be动词的各种时态形式和过去分词。

根据主句的时态和语态,be动词的形式会相应发生变化。

1. 现在时态的被动语态构成方式:主动语态:主语 + 动词(to be) + 过去分词被动语态:主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词2. 过去时态的被动语态构成方式:主动语态:主语 + 动词(to be) + 过去分词被动语态:主语 + was/were + 过去分词3. 将来时态的被动语态构成方式:主动语态:主语 + 动词(to be) + going to + 过去分词被动语态:主语 + will be + 过去分词4. 现在完成时态的被动语态构成方式:主动语态:主语 + have/has + 过去分词被动语态:主语 + have/has been + 过去分词二、被动语态的用法被动语态主要用来强调动作的承受者,或表达客观事实,又或者在不知道或想隐瞒动作执行者时使用。

下面将介绍被动语态的常见用法:1. 及物动词的被动语态:及物动词是指需要宾语才能完整表达意思的动词,常见的及物动词有:write, read, eat, drink等。

在被动语态中,及物动词的宾语变成主语,而原来的主语则成为介词"by"引导的短语。

例句:Active: John wrote a letter.(约翰写了一封信。

)Passive: A letter was written by John.(一封信被约翰写了。

)2. 不及物动词的被动语态:不及物动词是指没有宾语的动词,如:arrive, come, go等。

这类动词在被动语态中的主语仍然是动作的承受者,同样需要使用be动词的相应时态形式和过去分词构成。

高中英语知识点归纳动词的完成被动语态

高中英语知识点归纳动词的完成被动语态

高中英语知识点归纳动词的完成被动语态动词的完成被动语态是英语语法中的一个重要知识点。

在学习和运用英语时,正确理解和运用动词的完成被动语态可以帮助我们更准确地表达动作的完成和受事者的被动经历。

本文将对高中英语知识点中的动词的完成被动语态进行归纳和分析,并给出一些常见的使用例句。

一、动词的完成被动语态的构成动词的完成被动语态由助动词“have been”或“has been”和动词的过去分词构成。

其中,“have been”用于第一人称(I、we)和第二人称(you)复数,以及第三人称(he、she、it)复数;“has been”用于第三人称单数。

例如:- 主动语态:They have cleaned the room.- 完成被动语态:The room has been cleaned by them.二、动词的完成被动语态的用法1. 表示动作的完成和受事者的被动经历。

例如:- 主动语态:I have written the report.- 完成被动语态:The report has been written by me.2. 在没有表示动作执行者的情况下,强调受事者或客观情况。

例如:- 主动语态:Someone has stolen my phone.- 完成被动语态:My phone has been stolen.3. 在需要使用被动语态的句型中。

例如:- 主动语态:They have received the invitation.- 完成被动语态:The invitation has been received by them.三、动词的完成被动语态常见的时态和语态转换1. 一般现在时- 主动语态:We have cleaned the house.- 完成被动语态:The house has been cleaned by us.2. 一般过去时- 主动语态:He had finished his homework.- 完成被动语态:His homework had been finished by him.3. 一般将来时- 主动语态:They will have completed the project.- 完成被动语态:The project will have been completed by them.4. 现在进行时- 主动语态:She has been painting the wall.- 完成被动语态:The wall has been being painted by her.5. 过去进行时- 主动语态:They had been repairing the car.- 完成被动语态:The car had been being repaired by them.6. 现在完成时- 主动语态:We have planted the trees.- 完成被动语态:The trees have been planted by us.7. 过去完成时- 主动语态:He had written the letter.- 完成被动语态:The letter had been written by him.四、注意事项1. 动词的完成被动语态要根据不同的主语的数量和人称变化。

高中英语被动语态知识点

高中英语被动语态知识点

高中英语被动语态知识点语态也是动词的一种形式,表示主语与谓语之间的关系。

英语有两种语态:主动语态(active voice) 和被动语态(passive voice)。

主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者,而被动语态则表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。

下面小编给大家分享一些高中英语被动语态知识,希望能够帮助大家,欢迎阅读!高中英语被动语态知识十种常见时态的被动语态1. 一般现在时主动语态:do被动语态:am is are doneWe clean the classroom every day. 我们每天打扫教室。

The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 教室每天都由我们打扫。

Such songs are usually sung by girls. 这些歌通常是女孩子们唱的。

Russian is not taught in our school. 我们学校不教俄语。

Are many goods shipped abroad every day 每天都有许多货物运往国外吗2. 一般过去时主动语态:did被动语态:was were doneWe cleaned the classroom yesterday. 昨天我们打扫了教室。

The classroom was cleaned by us yesterday. 昨天教室被我们打扫了。

The window was broken by my son. 窗子是我儿子打破的。

Were many trees planted on the hill yesterday 昨天山上种了许多树吗?How much money was stolen in all 一共被偷了多少钱?3. 一般将来时主动语态:will shall do被动语态:will shall be doneWe will clean the classroom soon. 我们很快要打扫教室。

高中英语语法-被动语态详解

高中英语语法-被动语态详解
此题答案应为B。
.We can’t use the bridge now, because it ____. A. has been repaired B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is being repaired

❾.
—Have you got the result of the last examination? —Not yet. We’ve been told that the papers ________. A. are marked B. are being marked C. have been marked D. were marked
trees here.
Trees were being planted here this
time last year.
(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 7. 现在完成时: (1)Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.
I have been told the sports meeting
被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化
主要体现在be的变化上,其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全 一样。 am / is / are + P.P. 一般现在时的被动语态:
was / were + P.P. 一般过去时的被动语态: am/is/are going to + be +P.P. 一般将来时的被动语态: will + be + P.P. was/were going to + be + P.P. 过去将来时的被动语态: would + be +P.P. am / is / are + being + P.P. 现在进行时的被动语态: was / were + being + P.P. 过去进行时的被动语态: have / has + been + P.P. 现在完成时的被动语态: had + been + P.P. 过去完成时的被动语态:
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高一英语语法(4):动词的被动语态一、常见的被动语态形式主动语态:A do B被动语态:B + be + done + (by A);A承受者;B执行者1. 以repair为例,写出以下时态的被动语态2. 情态动词的被动语态(情态动词+ be + done)*被动语态的时态是通过助动词be来体现的,与其后的done无关。

3. E.X.1)You __________ (be, want) on the phone.有电话找你。

2)The city __________ (be, liberate) in 1949. 这座城市是1949年解放的。

3)They __________ (be,invite) to your party.他们将被邀请参加你的晚会。

4)The car ___________ (be, repair). 车正在修理当中5)This book __________ (be, translate) into many languages. 这本书已被译成多种语言。

6)The worker said that the tree __________ (be plant). 工人说要把树种上。

7)The door __________ (be, paint) then. 那时,那道门正在被刷漆。

8)The work __________ (be, finish) before dark.天黑前工作就完成了。

9)The work __________ (be, do) today.10)His house __________ (be, sell). 他的房子卖掉了。

11)His house __________ (be, sell) so that he doesn’t have any house to live in. 他二、被动语态的基本用法(承受者和执行者)1.当强调动作的承受者,将承受者作为谈话的中心时用被动语态。

如:2.当没有必要说出动作的执行者或根本不知道动作的执行者是谁时通常用被动语态。

如:(be, finish)by now.3.当动作的执行者不是人而是无生命的事物时常用被动语态。

如:4.有时出于礼貌,不便提到动作的执行者,用被动语态。

如:Enough __________ (be, do) for you, but you’ve made little progress.为你做了很多,然而你却进步很少。

(谦虚)三、较为特殊的被动语态结构1. 感官动词和使役动词的被动语态doing(现在分词,表正在)1)A + see/hear/notice/find/watch/observe + Bdo(不带to的不定式,表过程)B + be + seen / heard / noticed / found / watched / observed + to do(动词不定式)2)A + let / have / make + B + do(不带to的不定式)B + be let / had / made + to do(动词不定式)如:He was seen __________ (enter) the room.2. 带复合宾语的动词在改为被动语态时,常把主动结构中的宾语改为主语,而宾语补足语保留不动。

*双宾语:vt. + 间接宾语+ 直接宾语双宾语*复合宾语:vt. + 宾语+ 宾语补足语(宾补)复合宾语宾语+ be done + 宾语补足语(宾补)sb. be told to do如:Mrs. Smith warned her daughter never to drive after drinking.vt. 宾语宾语补足语(宾补)Mrs. Smith’s daughter __________ (be, warn) __________.主语3. 短语动词变为被动语态时,把主要动词变为被动形式。

如:The old houses __________.4. 汉语有一类句子不出现主语(无主语主动句),在英语中可用被动结构表示。

如:It is said that…据说……It is reported that…据报道……It is supposed that…据推测……It is hoped that…希望……It is well known that…众所周知……It is generally considered that…普遍认为……It is suggested that…有人建议……__________ he is famous in his own country.四、主动形式表示被动意义1.表示事物状态特征的连系动词看起来/听起来/摸起来/闻起来/尝起来:look, sound, feel, smell, taste似乎:appear, seem证明:prove变得:go, turn, become, get, grow, + adj. 保持:keep, stayfall(fall asleep)如:The flowers __________ sweet.2.表示主语的某种属性特征的动词read, write, act, iron, cut, draw, drive, sell,wash, clean, wear, open, cook, lock, shut, dry, eat, drink + adv. 如:1)This pen __________ well.2)The coat __________ conveniently.3)This book __________ well. 。

3.表示开始、结束、运动的动词,如:begin, finish, start, open, close, stop, end,shut, run(运行), move等。

如:Work __________ at 8 o’cloc k this morning. 工作在今天早上84.“in, on, under等+ n.”构成prep.短语表被动意义,名词前一般不用冠词(介词的固定搭配)。

如:under control(被控制住), under repair(在修理中), under discussion(在讨论中), under construction(在修建中), beyond belief (难以置信), beyond one’s reach(够不着), beyond our hope(始料不及), for sale(热销中), for rent(以供出租), in print(已出版), on show(上演,被展示), on trial(受审;在试验中), out of fashion(过时),in sight (被看见), out of sight(___________)等。

如:The bike is __________.5.1) sth. be worth + doing sth.2) sth. need / want / require + sth.to be done如:1)The newspaper is worth __________ (read).2)This bicycle needs __________ (repair).= This bicycle needs __________ __________ __________.6.有些adj.后的to do(动词不定式)有被动的含义。

这些adj.构成的句型为:A很容易/难/重/轻/合适/如:The work is hard __________ (do). 这项工作很难做。

7.too + adj. 原级adj. 原级+ enough + to do如:The story was not interesting enough __________ (publish).这个故事趣味性不够,不能(被)发表。

8.在“A + have + B + to do”的结构中,当to do与它修饰的B有动宾关系,且与该句的A构成逻辑上的主谓关系时,to do一般用主动形式表被动;反之,需使用to be done的结构表明被动。

如:主谓She has a sister to look after.动宾主谓A haveB to do动宾1)He has nothing __________ (eat). 他没有什么东西可吃。

2)Do you see the letter __________ (type)? 你看到那封要打的信了吗?3)Do you have much work __________(do) today? 你今天有很多工作要做吗?9.某些动词在以物为主语的句子中,其进行时也可以表示被动意义。

如:The dinner is cooking. 正在烧饭。

五、被动语态与系表结构的区别:被动语态表示动作,主语是动作的承受者;系表结构表示主语的特征或所处的状态。

1. A be done by B:被动语态;A be done __________ (其他prep.搭配):系表结构。

如:1)(被动语态)2)I was frightened of snake. 我怕蛇。

系+ 表(动词的过去分词做adj.,做系动词的表语,表状态)2.am / is / are + done +am / is / are + done:系表结构。

如:1)银行通常在6点(被)关门。

(被动语态)2)The bank is now closed. 银行现在没开门。

系+ 表3.was / were + done +was / were + done:系表结构。

如:1)这幅画是很久以前(被)画的。

(被动语态)2)The picture was drawn well. 这幅画画得很好。

系+ 表六、“get + done”结构的用法1.表示突然、偶然、意外发生的事。

如:The student got __________ (hurt)onhis way home from school.2.表示反身行为而非被动行为。

如:I have to get __________ (dress)before 7o’clock. 73.表示说话强调动作。

比较:1)Were you invited to the party?2)Did you get invited to the party?4.这种结构比较常见的搭配有:get arrested(被捕), get caught(被抓到), getconfused(发蒙), get delayed(被推迟了), get engaged(订婚),get married (结婚了),get divorced(离婚了), get dressed(穿好衣服), get drowned (被淹死了), get drunk(喝醉了), get elected(获得选票), get hit(挨打), get killed(毙命), get lost(迷路), get stuck(卡住了)。

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