TraditionalChineseArchitecture我国传统建筑专题培训课件
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Chinese Architecture2 中国古典建筑

Lions
The ball played by the male lion symbolized the unity of the empire The cub below the female thriving offspring
History of Stone Lion
“Buddha is a lion among men”
Different Types of Palace
行宫 Palace-on-tour 斋宫 Palace for ablution and abstinence(禁食) 地宫 Underground palace Religious building as 雍和宫、三清宫(Palace of Triple Purity) 劳动人民文化宫 Working People’s Palace of Culture 青少年宫 Palace of Youths and Children
Chinese Architecture
Unit 5
Palace
After Qin Dynasty( 221-206BC), gong came gradually to mean the group of building in which the emperor lived and worked and grew ever larger in scale
The Hall of Supreme Harmony
大成殿
岱庙
Ornamental Pillar
Huabiao: often seen on the grounds of palaces, imperial gardens and mausoleums Also seen at some crossroads to mark the thoroughfares(大街、道路) Entwined by a divine dragon engraved in relief, carries a plate on top, on which squats an animal called kong
中国传统建筑文化ppt课件

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Байду номын сангаас
• 木构架结构的优点: 1、承重结构与围护结构分工明确; 2、空间延展分割自由 3、有利于防震、抗震“墙倒屋不塌”
缺点:1、不利于防火 2、耐久性较差
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(二)中国古代建筑的平面布局具有一种简明
的组织规律
以“间”为单位构成单体建筑,单体建筑组成 庭院,再以庭院为单元,组成各种形式的 组群。
平面布局
四合院式
廊院式
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三 进 式
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(三)中国古代建筑造型优美 1、造型突出的屋顶形式 2、辅助性建筑的应用
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(四)中国古代建筑的装饰丰富多彩。 (五)注重“天人合一”的建筑环境
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二、中国传统建筑思想特征 (一)风水与建筑 (二)礼制与建筑 1. 皇权至上思想 2.礼制思想 3.伦理思想
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唐代木构建筑的风格
一、以中轴线左右对称 二、一眼看上去给人的印象是:结构简单,朴实无华,雄伟气派。 三、斗拱硕大。斗拱大是唐代木构建筑最基本的特征,因为斗拱
大,屋檐看上去较为深远。 四、简单而粗犷的鸱吻。鸱吻就是房屋屋脊两端的一种装饰物,唐
代木构建筑的鸱吻一般作鸱鸟嘴或鸱鸟尾状。 五、屋檐高挑。唐代木构建筑的屋檐高挑向上翘起,而且屋檐通常
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Байду номын сангаас
• 木构架结构的优点: 1、承重结构与围护结构分工明确; 2、空间延展分割自由 3、有利于防震、抗震“墙倒屋不塌”
缺点:1、不利于防火 2、耐久性较差
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(二)中国古代建筑的平面布局具有一种简明
的组织规律
以“间”为单位构成单体建筑,单体建筑组成 庭院,再以庭院为单元,组成各种形式的 组群。
平面布局
四合院式
廊院式
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9
三 进 式
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(三)中国古代建筑造型优美 1、造型突出的屋顶形式 2、辅助性建筑的应用
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(四)中国古代建筑的装饰丰富多彩。 (五)注重“天人合一”的建筑环境
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二、中国传统建筑思想特征 (一)风水与建筑 (二)礼制与建筑 1. 皇权至上思想 2.礼制思想 3.伦理思想
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唐代木构建筑的风格
一、以中轴线左右对称 二、一眼看上去给人的印象是:结构简单,朴实无华,雄伟气派。 三、斗拱硕大。斗拱大是唐代木构建筑最基本的特征,因为斗拱
大,屋檐看上去较为深远。 四、简单而粗犷的鸱吻。鸱吻就是房屋屋脊两端的一种装饰物,唐
代木构建筑的鸱吻一般作鸱鸟嘴或鸱鸟尾状。 五、屋檐高挑。唐代木构建筑的屋檐高挑向上翘起,而且屋檐通常
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Traditional Chinese Architecture 中国传统建筑

The Mausoleum of Yellow Emperor Qianling Mausoleum
Residential Houses(民居建筑)
Residential houses refer to the house of the common people in different parts of China.
— used in ancient times for the storage of important articles and documents — a place where educated men used to gather to write articles and hold banquets — used for enjoying the sights
Tombs and Mausoleums(陵墓建筑)
People of all social classes had their tombs carefully built. Over the centuries, the craft of tomb construction gradually merged with arts like painting, calligraphy and sculpture. It eventually became its own art form.
the Wei-Yang Palace
Han Dynasty
Wei and Jin Period and Southern and Northern Dynasties
remarkable grottoes(石窟), Buddhist pagodas and imperial mausoleums (帝王陵墓)
Residential Houses(民居建筑)
Residential houses refer to the house of the common people in different parts of China.
— used in ancient times for the storage of important articles and documents — a place where educated men used to gather to write articles and hold banquets — used for enjoying the sights
Tombs and Mausoleums(陵墓建筑)
People of all social classes had their tombs carefully built. Over the centuries, the craft of tomb construction gradually merged with arts like painting, calligraphy and sculpture. It eventually became its own art form.
the Wei-Yang Palace
Han Dynasty
Wei and Jin Period and Southern and Northern Dynasties
remarkable grottoes(石窟), Buddhist pagodas and imperial mausoleums (帝王陵墓)
中国民俗建筑ppt课件

文化内涵
彩绘作品多寓意吉祥、富贵和长寿等,如龙、凤、狮子等动物形象,以及松、竹、梅等植物图案。
传承与创新
传统彩绘技艺同样面临传承危机,现代设计师在保留传统元素的基础上,尝试将其与现代设计理念结合。同时,也出现了将传统彩绘与现代绘画技法结合的创新尝试。
材料与工艺
彩绘所使用的颜料多为天然矿物颜料和植物颜料,技法包括平涂、晕染、沥粉等。
起源与发展
砖雕选用特制的粘土砖,经过多道工序雕刻出各种图案和形象。
材料与工艺
砖雕作品多寓意吉祥、富贵和长寿等,如龙、凤、狮子等动物形象,以及松、竹、梅等植物图案。
文化内涵
传统砖雕技艺同样面临传承危机,现代设计师在保留传统元素的基础上,尝试将其与现代设计理念结合。
传承与创新
起源与发展
彩绘是中国传统建筑装饰的重要手段之一,最早可追溯至商周时期。
一种轻巧的木结构建筑形式,通过将柱子连接成排,形成屋面和墙体。
总结词
穿斗式结构是中国南方地区常见的建筑形式,其特点是通过将柱子连接成排,形成稳定的屋面和墙体。这种结构形式具有较好的通风性能和防潮性能,同时也能够适应南方地区的气候特点。
详细描述
结合抬梁式结构和穿斗式结构的优点,形成一种综合性的建筑结构形式。
民俗建筑是文化传承的载体,通过建筑的形式和装饰等手段传递着不同民族的历史文化和传统。
民俗建筑是文化交流的媒介,通过建筑的形式和装饰等手段促进不同民族之间的文化交流和融合。
03
02
01
通过对中国民俗建筑的研究,深入了解不同地域、民族、社会阶层的历史文化和传统,为保护和传承中华文化提供理论支持和实践指导。
07
CHAPTER
结语
1
2
3
民俗建筑是中国传统文化的重要组成部分,保护和传承这些建筑遗产是维护文化多样性和民族认同感的必要手段。
彩绘作品多寓意吉祥、富贵和长寿等,如龙、凤、狮子等动物形象,以及松、竹、梅等植物图案。
传承与创新
传统彩绘技艺同样面临传承危机,现代设计师在保留传统元素的基础上,尝试将其与现代设计理念结合。同时,也出现了将传统彩绘与现代绘画技法结合的创新尝试。
材料与工艺
彩绘所使用的颜料多为天然矿物颜料和植物颜料,技法包括平涂、晕染、沥粉等。
起源与发展
砖雕选用特制的粘土砖,经过多道工序雕刻出各种图案和形象。
材料与工艺
砖雕作品多寓意吉祥、富贵和长寿等,如龙、凤、狮子等动物形象,以及松、竹、梅等植物图案。
文化内涵
传统砖雕技艺同样面临传承危机,现代设计师在保留传统元素的基础上,尝试将其与现代设计理念结合。
传承与创新
起源与发展
彩绘是中国传统建筑装饰的重要手段之一,最早可追溯至商周时期。
一种轻巧的木结构建筑形式,通过将柱子连接成排,形成屋面和墙体。
总结词
穿斗式结构是中国南方地区常见的建筑形式,其特点是通过将柱子连接成排,形成稳定的屋面和墙体。这种结构形式具有较好的通风性能和防潮性能,同时也能够适应南方地区的气候特点。
详细描述
结合抬梁式结构和穿斗式结构的优点,形成一种综合性的建筑结构形式。
民俗建筑是文化传承的载体,通过建筑的形式和装饰等手段传递着不同民族的历史文化和传统。
民俗建筑是文化交流的媒介,通过建筑的形式和装饰等手段促进不同民族之间的文化交流和融合。
03
02
01
通过对中国民俗建筑的研究,深入了解不同地域、民族、社会阶层的历史文化和传统,为保护和传承中华文化提供理论支持和实践指导。
07
CHAPTER
结语
1
2
3
民俗建筑是中国传统文化的重要组成部分,保护和传承这些建筑遗产是维护文化多样性和民族认同感的必要手段。
中国传统文化建筑 ppt课件

反曲面屋顶比罗马式和哥特式覆盖面积更大,出挑翘起 的屋檐既不影响视线,又可保护墙体少受雨雪侵蚀,达到了 造型美与实用性强的完美结合。
一、中国古建筑的特点与规范
• 斗拱支撑
我国古建筑在立柱与横梁之间,有一种由若干小 木块拼合而成的构件,叫做“斗栱”。斗栱的作用在 于传递梁的荷载于柱身,和支承屋檐重量以增加出檐 深度。明清以后,斗栱更多的是起装饰和标示等级的 作用。
屋顶最高级为庑殿顶,其次为歇山顶,专用于皇族、寺 庙等殿宇建筑,有单檐重檐之分,重檐级别更高。
悬山顶和硬山顶多用于民居。攒尖顶上可用于皇族,下 可用于民间,适用范围较大。卷棚顶多见于园林建筑,也有 用于民居的。
三、群体建筑的组合
•城 市 •宫 殿 •寺 观
三、群体建筑的组合
• 城市
为了强调王权,中国古代城市以突出政权建筑 为主,在都城突出皇宫,在地方城市突出官府。
斗栱是我国木构架建筑特有的结构部件。
斗栱是由水平放置的方形斗、升和矩形的栱以及斜置的昂组 成。斗拱的排布由疏到密,由大变小。斗栱是礼制的重要体现, 等级森严,同时也是建筑尺度的标准。
云南•丽江•木府•三清殿
2010年上海世博会中国馆
一、中国古建筑的特点与规范
• “模数制”
由于斗栱的尺寸较小并走向规范化,古代工匠 们逐渐选用它们作为房屋其它构件的基本尺度,小 到梁柱的粗细高低,大到房屋的开间进深,均以之 为基准。这种“模数制”有利于建筑的规范、便利 和节省材料。
宋朝颁布的《营造法式》规定,以栱的断面为“材”,每 材高15分厚10分,做为房屋构件大小的基本单位。“材”又分 八个等级,建筑物按等级选用不同的“材”。
清朝时,改以梁枋上最下层栱木的卯口宽度为基本尺寸, 称为 “斗口”。
一、中国古建筑的特点与规范
• 斗拱支撑
我国古建筑在立柱与横梁之间,有一种由若干小 木块拼合而成的构件,叫做“斗栱”。斗栱的作用在 于传递梁的荷载于柱身,和支承屋檐重量以增加出檐 深度。明清以后,斗栱更多的是起装饰和标示等级的 作用。
屋顶最高级为庑殿顶,其次为歇山顶,专用于皇族、寺 庙等殿宇建筑,有单檐重檐之分,重檐级别更高。
悬山顶和硬山顶多用于民居。攒尖顶上可用于皇族,下 可用于民间,适用范围较大。卷棚顶多见于园林建筑,也有 用于民居的。
三、群体建筑的组合
•城 市 •宫 殿 •寺 观
三、群体建筑的组合
• 城市
为了强调王权,中国古代城市以突出政权建筑 为主,在都城突出皇宫,在地方城市突出官府。
斗栱是我国木构架建筑特有的结构部件。
斗栱是由水平放置的方形斗、升和矩形的栱以及斜置的昂组 成。斗拱的排布由疏到密,由大变小。斗栱是礼制的重要体现, 等级森严,同时也是建筑尺度的标准。
云南•丽江•木府•三清殿
2010年上海世博会中国馆
一、中国古建筑的特点与规范
• “模数制”
由于斗栱的尺寸较小并走向规范化,古代工匠 们逐渐选用它们作为房屋其它构件的基本尺度,小 到梁柱的粗细高低,大到房屋的开间进深,均以之 为基准。这种“模数制”有利于建筑的规范、便利 和节省材料。
宋朝颁布的《营造法式》规定,以栱的断面为“材”,每 材高15分厚10分,做为房屋构件大小的基本单位。“材”又分 八个等级,建筑物按等级选用不同的“材”。
清朝时,改以梁枋上最下层栱木的卯口宽度为基本尺寸, 称为 “斗口”。
中国传统建筑

The construction of ancient Chinese palaces emphasized on the splendorous appearance.
The main buildings were all built along a central southnorth axis.
Four big famous pavilion of China
Hangzhou Xihu Huxin Pavilion Chuzhou Zuiweng Pavilion Beijing Taoran Pavilion Changsha Aiwan Pavilion
Hangzhou Xihu Huxin Pavilion
昔人有诗云:“百遍清游未拟还,孤亭好在水云间,停阑四面空明里, 一面城头三面山。”
Chuzhou Zuiweng Pavilion
Zuiweng Pavilion is located in the southwest of Anhui Chuzhou Langya foothills, It’s one of the Anhui famous monuments.
上有天堂 下有苏杭
Blue Wave Pavilion, Lion Grove, Garden for Lingering, and Humble Administrator’s Garden, representing the Song, Yuan, Qing and Ming dynasties four artistic style, known as Suzhou, the "four famous garden."
Traditional Chinese Pavilion
中国文化之-建筑(中英文)

Cloud computing
the use of cloud computing technology to collect and analyze data from various building systems, providing
decision support for building management.
Water conservation
the use of water-saving technologies and devices to reduce water consumption in buildings, such as low-flow faucets and water-saving toilets.
Respect for human needs
the design of buildings should respect human needs and preferences, providing comfortable and convenient living spaces.
Inቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱegration of traditional culture
Promotion of intelligent buildings
Smart sensors
the application of smart sensors in buildings to monitor and control building systems, such as lighting, air conditioning and security.
雕刻是中国传统建筑中最为常见的装饰形式之一,包括木 雕、石雕、砖雕等。雕刻的题材广泛,包括花卉、动物、 人物等,通过雕刻可以表现出极高的艺术价值和深厚的文 化底蕴。
the use of cloud computing technology to collect and analyze data from various building systems, providing
decision support for building management.
Water conservation
the use of water-saving technologies and devices to reduce water consumption in buildings, such as low-flow faucets and water-saving toilets.
Respect for human needs
the design of buildings should respect human needs and preferences, providing comfortable and convenient living spaces.
Inቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱegration of traditional culture
Promotion of intelligent buildings
Smart sensors
the application of smart sensors in buildings to monitor and control building systems, such as lighting, air conditioning and security.
雕刻是中国传统建筑中最为常见的装饰形式之一,包括木 雕、石雕、砖雕等。雕刻的题材广泛,包括花卉、动物、 人物等,通过雕刻可以表现出极高的艺术价值和深厚的文 化底蕴。
Traditional-Chinese-Architecture-中国传统建筑(推荐文档)

Types of Chinese Pavilion:
Round, square, triangular, hexagonal(六角亭), octagonal(八角亭)pavilions, etc.
Functions of Chinese Pavilion:
Practical function:
•— used for military and governmental purposes •— as a place for rest •— as a roof to a stone tablet
3. Features and Cultural Connotations of Traditional Chinese Architecture
1.Brief Introduction to Traditional Chinese Architecture
Paleolithic Age
sheltered in trees and natural caves
Terraces
As an ancient architectural structure of Chinese, the tai was a very much elevated terrace with a flat top, generally built of earth and stone and surfaced with brick.
A lou can refer to any building oftwo or more storeys with a horizontal main ridge.
Functions of multi-story buildings : — for military use — as private homes — as belvederes(望景楼) — as bell and drum towers
Round, square, triangular, hexagonal(六角亭), octagonal(八角亭)pavilions, etc.
Functions of Chinese Pavilion:
Practical function:
•— used for military and governmental purposes •— as a place for rest •— as a roof to a stone tablet
3. Features and Cultural Connotations of Traditional Chinese Architecture
1.Brief Introduction to Traditional Chinese Architecture
Paleolithic Age
sheltered in trees and natural caves
Terraces
As an ancient architectural structure of Chinese, the tai was a very much elevated terrace with a flat top, generally built of earth and stone and surfaced with brick.
A lou can refer to any building oftwo or more storeys with a horizontal main ridge.
Functions of multi-story buildings : — for military use — as private homes — as belvederes(望景楼) — as bell and drum towers
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Qin Dynasty
E Pang Palace
the Emperor Qin Shihuang's Mausoleum
the Great Wall the Dujiangyan Water-Conservancy Project
E Pang Palace
the Emperor Qin Shihuang's Mausoleum
Functions of terraces :
— as an observatory (观象台) — as beacon towers(烽火台) along the Great Wall — in honor of the sincere friendship
multi-story buildings
and fine workmanship
the Yuan,Ming and Qing Dynasties . imperial palaces and the constructions amazed the world
Nowadays . traditional architectural activities have sloewd down and more western factors have begun to show up
Types of Chinese Pavilion:
Round, square, triangular, hexagonal(六角亭), octagonal(八角亭)pavilions, etc.
Functions of Chinese Pavilion:
Practical function:
•— used for military and governmental purposes •— as a place for rest •— as a roof to a stone tablet
2. Different Types of Traditional Chinese Architecture
Classification by structure:
Chinese pavilions
Chinese Pavilions are covered structures without surrounding walls.
storyed pavilions (usu. two)
Functions of storyed pavilions :
— used in ancient times for the storage of important articles and documents
Contents
1. A Brief Introduction to Traditional Chinese Architecture
2. Different Types of Traditional Chinese Architecture
3. Features and Cultural Connotations of Traditional Chinese Architecture
A lou can refer to any building oftwo or more storeys with a horizontal main ridge.
Functions of multi-story buildings : — for military use — as private homes — as belvederes(望景楼) — as bell and drum towers
Sui anoism palaces and temples were constructed actively
Five-Kingdoms-Song-Liao-Jin Period
. stressed constructing palaces,but have been nearly destroyed . many pagodas and stone steles(石碑) were constructed with high standard
the Great Wall
the Dujiangyan Water-Conservancy Project
Han Dynasty
the Wei-Yang Palace
Wei and Jin Period and Southern and Northern Dynasties
remarkable grottoes(石窟), Buddhist pagodas and imperial mausoleums (帝王陵墓)
Terraces
As an ancient architectural structure of Chinese, the tai was a very much elevated terrace with a flat top, generally built of earth and stone and surfaced with brick.
Aesthetic function: • Pavilions provided a place to sit and enjoy the scenery, and they also became part of the scenery itself, being attractive structures.
1.Brief Introduction to Traditional Chinese Architecture
Paleolithic Age
sheltered in trees and natural caves
Neolithic Age
simple houses in the caves (地穴式建筑) or half cave-in houses(半地穴式建 筑) with wood, mud and grass;