中考英语阅读理解词义猜测题练习及答案
中考英语语篇理解之词义猜测题
备战中考英语一轮复习语法知识语篇理解之词义猜测题英语阅读训练和测试中的生词障碍往往会成为学生理解的“绊脚石”，这些“绊脚石”的出现大致分五类：（1）旧词新义，考查词汇表中未出现的词义；如：Nearby is the Indianapolis race course , where the nation’s most famous car race is held each year on May 30th.我们学过 course 的意思是“过程，课程”等，在此显然不符句意。
根据上下文 course 是汽车赛举行的地方，可推断 course 在该句是“车道”或“跑道”的意思。
（2）合成词、转化词与派生词，如shoplifting ，heartbroken ，computer-literate ，decision-thinking ，imperfect 等；（3）“灵活”的常用词增多，这些词必须根据具体的上下文语境才能正确理解；（4）“新鲜”的外国人名、地名、专有名称增多，这些词有些带有一定的文化背景（5）超纲生词。
猜测词义是应用英语的重要能力，也是中考阅读理解中必考的题型。
它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。
考生应学会通过构词、定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、同义、反义及上下文线索等确定词义。
近年来，词义猜测题有逐渐增加的趋势，尤其是猜测词组、句义题。
因为猜测词组、句义题涉及题材背景、句子结够、文章主旨、作者的观点态度等。
联系主旨、整合上下文信息是解答这类题的关键。
近几年阅读理解的生词率略有上升，加大了猜测力度。
命题者着重考查考生利用同义或反义关系、构词法、语法和语篇文脉等理解生词的能力。
【命题趋势】1、要求根据阅读材料所提供的信息，结合中学生应有的常识和经验，正确判断生词词组的含义或成熟词在特定语境中表达的具体含义以及一些句子的意思。
2、要求猜测词义的词一般为实词及其词组，通过构词、定义、对比、因果、联想、上下文等线索确定词义的具体内容。
中考英语阅读理解词义猜测题单选题40题
中考英语阅读理解词义猜测题单选题40题1.The boy was very happy and ran around like a wild animal. What does “wild” mean?A.calmB.angryC.fierce and not controlledD.sad答案：C。
“wild”表示“野蛮的、未被驯服的、不受控制的”。
A 选项“calm”是“平静的”；B 选项“angry”是“生气的”；D 选项“sad”是“悲伤的”。
根据上下文，男孩高兴得像个野生动物一样跑来跑去，可推测“wild”在这里是“fierce and not controlled”（凶猛且不受控制的）的意思。
2.The girl had a beautiful smile that lit up the room. What does “lit up” mean?A.cleanedB.brightenedC.decoratedD.warmed答案：B。
“lit up”表示“照亮、使明亮”。
A 选项“cleaned”是“打扫”；C 选项“decorated”是“装饰”；D 选项“warmed”是“使温暖”。
根据上下文，女孩的微笑照亮了房间，可推测“lit up”在这里是“brightened”（（使明亮）的意思。
3.The old man walked slowly with a cane. What does “cane” mean?A.stickB.hatC.shoeD.coat答案：A。
“cane”表示“手杖”。
B 选项“hat”是“帽子”；C 选项“shoe”是“鞋子”；D 选项“coat”是“外套”。
根据上下文，老人拿着一根手杖慢慢地走，可推测“cane”在这里是“stick”（棍子、手杖）的意思。
4.The dog barked loudly at the stranger. What does “barked” mean?A.jumpedB.ranC.shoutedD.whispered答案：C。
中考英语阅读理解词义猜测题练习及答案
实战练习Passage 1Tens of thousands of baby penguins face starvation after two giant icebergs broke off the Antarctic ice sheet and blocked their parents’ road to the feeding areas. Adeline and emperor penguins nesting on the Ross island rookeries are now forced to walk long distances over the icebergs to obtain food for their chicks, born during the November-December breeding season.What does the underlined word “obtain” probably mean?A. eatB. getC. sellD. buyPassage 2 A man’s posit ion among the black-tent people depends on his ancestors, relatives, and fellow tribesmen. If they are honored, he is also honored. If they are disgraced, he too is disgraced. Therefore one carefully guards the honor of his family, his lineage(宗系), and his tribe.The word “disgrace” means _________ in this text.A. honorB. endangerC. proudD. shamePassage 3 The ruler had been so cruel and dishonest that after the revolution he was banished. A few members of the Senate(参议院) opposed this decision, but the majority voted that the ruler should leave the country for ever.The underlined word “banished” mean_______.A. killed by stoningB. sent awayC. imprisonedD. punished by whippingPassage 4 My first job was to drive the oxen that ploughed the cane fields. I would walk behind an ox, guiding him with a broomstick. For $ 1 a day, I worked eight hours straight, with no food breaks. It was very tedious work, but it prepared me for life and taught me many lasting lessons. Because the plantation owners were always watching us, I had to be on time every day and work as hard as I could.What does the underlined word “tedious” probably mean?A. interestingB. tiresomeC. relaxingD. challengingPassage 5 Although he often had the chance, Mr. Brown was never able to steal money from a customer. This would endangered his position at the bank, and he did not want to jeopardize his future.The word “jeopardize” means _____ in this text.A.protectB. endangerC. continueD. Stop练习二1．He had been getting better, but during the night his condition deteriorated.A. get worseB. improveC. was recordedD. developed2. The young man failed in his experiment. He seemed to have lost all his hope. Just at that time his father came to help him, saying, “ don’t despair, child. If you work harder, you’ll succeed in the end.”A. to fail in the experimentB. to help someoneC. to succeed in the endD. to lost one’s hope3. There was a talk between an English visitor and a Chinese leader. The visitor could speak nothing but English, and the leader could speak only Chinese. They couldn’t understand each other. How could they talk on ? now came an interpreter, who could speak both Chinese and English. So the talk between the English visitor and the Chinese leader went on with the help of the interpreter.A. a thing which gives quick translation of words spoken in another languageB. a person who gives an immediate translation of words spoken in anothe r language’C. a person who can speak nothing but EnglishD. a person who can speak nothing but Chinese4. There is a legend that, long ago on Qing-Ming holiday, a young man named Xu Xian was coming back home when suddenly it started to rain heavily. He ran at once to an old tree so as to keep out of the rain. When he reached the tree, he saw a beautiful lady and her servant standing there. The young man and the beautiful lady fell in love with each other at first sight.A. a letter from EnglandB. a story from old timesC. a book by Lu XunD. a novel by Charles Dickens5. The young man was bashful that he did not speak to the pretty girl.A. afraidB. shockedC. shyD. surprised6. When George Washington was quite a little boy, he chopped down the young tree his father loved best. This made his father very angry. Later, the boy told his father the truth that he had cut down the tree. And this made his father happy.A. to shopB.to makeC. to cutD. to love7. A group of soldiers were going to fight with the enemy in the village. In order to win the battle the officer had to order two soldiers to go scout the village at night, because he wondered how many soldiers there were in the village, and where the enemy soldiers were hiding.A. to look for a place to live inB. to search a place to get informationC. to leave a place for another oneD. to get to a place to attend a meeting8. Researchers are worried about the increasing pressure on pilots and ground controllers. And increasing collisions, occurring at or near an airport, have called attention to the need for more aids to aviation control.A. accidents in which two planes hit each otherB. misunderstanding between pilots and ground controllersC. quarrels among passengersD. breakdowns of new types of instrument9. Mrs. White lost his husband not long ago. It is now difficult for the widow to feed a family of four because she has no job and is given only a little money by the government.A. a window whose glass is brokenB. a woman whose husband is deadC. a man whose wife is deadD. a child whose parents are dead10. His grandfather was a shepherd in those days. His job was to take care of sheep for the landlord. He was made to work long hours, but given little to eat.A. a person who looks after childrenB. a person who looks after sheepC. a person who works long hoursD. a person who has little to eat练习三（1）An advertisement is just like a Somebody Else says quotation(引语) in a news story. The newspaper does not say that what the advertiser says is true. All the newspaper says is, “This is what the advertiser says.” To find out whether it is true or not will be left to the reader. All the statements in the ads are the advertiser’s statements, not the paper’s.Q: What does “Somebody Else” in the paragraph refer to?A. The editor of the paper.B. The reader of the paper.C. The author of the passage.D. The advertiser of the ads.（2）Emma had never read it, nor had she ever purchased a copy. But, when she opened it up, she was floored to see her own name and address inside the cover, in her own handwriting. It turned out that the summer before, at a concert back in Montreal, Emma had met a Californian who was in town visiting friends. They decided to exchange addresses, but neither of them had any paper. The man had opened up a book he was carrying in his backpack and asked Emma to write her name and address inside. When he returned to California, he left the book behind in Montreal, and his friend Alex kept it. When Alex later relocated to Jerusalem, he took the now-treasured book along.Q: What does the underlined word “floored” in the paragraph mean?A. interestedB. shockedC. frightenedD. excited（3）Oxygen is vital to life; it is needed by the body cells of all animals. It is also very useful in industry. The method Priestley used produces only small quantities. The large amounts needed for industry are produced in a different way. Air is put into containers under great pressure. This turns it into liquid and makes it very cold. It is then gradually warmed up and each substance evaporates at a different temperature.The boiling point of oxygen is -183°C. It is caught and stored in strong steel cylinders at a pressure of 136 atmospheres. The process is known as fractional distillation.Q: Which word has the rough meaning of “vital”?A. importantB. usefulC. helpfulD. interesting（4）These different kinds of learning disabilities are known by different names. For example, a person who has difficulty reading may have dyslexia. Someone who cannot do mathematics may have a disorder called dyscalculia(计算困难).Q: The underlined word “dyslexia” in the paragraph probably means _______.A. difficulty in seeingB. problem in readingC. trouble in listeningD. brain disorder（5）A child’s birthday party doesn’t have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun, according to Beth Anaclerio, an Evaston mother of two, ages 4 and 18 months.Q: What does the underlined word “hassle” probably mean in the paragraph?A. a party designed by specialistsB. a plan requiring careful thoughtC. a situation causing difficulty or troubleD. a demand made by guests（6）And if you’ve gathered your friends around you to rebuild a happy family atmosphere(气氛), you may fear that saying no will bring back the kind of conflict you grew up with—or destroy the nice atmosphere you now enjoy.Q: The underlined word “conflict” in the paragraph means .A. dependent lifeB. fierce fightC. bad mannersD. painful feeling（7）“She is ashamed and embarrassed but doesn’t really have any explanation why she did this,” Miss Duff said. “She didn’t intend to steal when she went into the store. She is at a loss to explain it. She is otherwise a very respectable and intelligent young lady .She went to her doctor and asked for advice because she wants to know if there is anything in particular that caused her to do this.”Q: What does the underlined sentence “She is at a loss to explain it” mean?A. In her opinion it was a loss to the clothes shops where she stole things.B. She doesn’t have any idea why she has the desire to steal from shops.C. She thinks it is a loss for her to explain why she stole things from shops.D. Personally she feels ashamed and embarrassed for her shoplifting actions.（8）One of the best-known sayings must be “Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wisdom”. The promises of health, wealth, and wisdom to those who join the teams of early retirees and rises must be particularly pleasing to many people in our modern society.Q: The underlined word “ retiree” here refers to_________.A. people who give up their workB. people who have a lot of free timeC. people who go to bedD. people who live in a quiet place（9）The reasons for a visit to lighthouse are not all so backward-looking(思想过时的) in time. It is true that lighthouses were built in out-of-the-way places. But on a pleasant sunny summer day, this very isolation has a natural beauty that many people will love to experience.Q: The underlined phrase “out-of-the-way” probably means __________.A. far-awayB. dangerousC. ancientD. secret（10）Our own native language and culture are so much a part of us that we take them for granted. When wetravel to another country, it’s as if we carry along with our passports. We view the new environment using our own culture as the standard, and although not purposely, our ways of thinking and acting often get in the way of our understanding other languages and cultures. The ability and willingness to change lenses(视角) when we look at a different culture is both the cure and prevention for such cultural blindness. Studying a new language provides us the opportunities to practise changing lenses when we also learn the context or the culture to which it belongs.Q: The underlined word “it” in the last sentence refers to __________.A. the contextB. the cultureC. the languageD. the opportunity实战练习1-5 BDBBB练习二1-5 ADBBC 6-10CBABB练习三（1）D。
中考英语复习--阅读理解之猜测词义题
二、猜测词义题的常见的提问形式
1. The word “…” refers to / probably means/ could best be replaced by _____. 2. What do you think the expression “…” stands for? 3. The underlined sentence “…” means ______. ...... 4 By saying “……” we mean_______ 5 “……” as used in the passage, can be best defined as _______.
The word "guilty" in the third paragraph means ______.
A. unhappy B. worried C. happy D. sorry
9
2.One evening last July, my old car broke down on a highway. It was an hour before sunset, and I was 25 miles from home. I couldn't reach anyone to pick me up, so I decided to take a bus.
反义法 如 hot and cold, give and receive等，或前句为肯定，后 句为否定。总之，词与词间都起着互 为线索的作用。
释义法 对文章中的生词用定语（从 句）、表语甚至于用逗号、破折号等 标点符号引出并加以解释说明。
情景推断法、代词替代法，构词法等
3
一、做题要领
1）文中找线索或信息词; 2) 根据熟悉的词及词义判断新单词之意； 3）根据上下文判断新词汇在特定句中确切意思。
初中词义猜测题
初中词义猜测题是中考英语阅读理解中的一种题型，主要
考察学生根据上下文推测生词含义的能力。
下面是一个例子：
题目：在文中“For example, he studies the map and identifies that their location is near the
intersection of two major highways. Then he
calculates that they are 200 miles from the nearest gas station.”这句话中，“intersection”一词最可能的
含义是（）
A. 交叉路口
B. 分叉点
C. 结合点
D. 冲突点
解析：根据上下文可以推测出“intersection”指的是两
条公路相交的地方，因此最可能的含义是“交叉路口”。
选
项B“分叉点”通常是指一个树枝分出其他树枝的地方，与
上下文不符；选项C“结合点”通常是指两个或多个事物结
合在一起的地方，与上下文也不符；选项D“冲突点”通常
是指发生冲突或矛盾的地方，与上下文无关。
因此，正确答
案是A。
解题技巧：
1. 仔细阅读上下文，了解文章的大意和背景。
2. 根据上下文中的线索和提示，推测生词的含义。
3. 注意生词的词性和用法，以及其在句子中的作用和意义。
4. 排除与上下文不符或与常识不符的选项。
5. 最终确定答案时要确保选项符合上下文的逻辑和意义。
中考英语复习之阅读理解热点专项训练 专题06 保护弘扬文化遗产 赓续人类文明(解析版)
专题06 保护弘扬文化遗产赓续人类文明A（2022·陕西西安·陕西师大附中校考模拟预测）Hongcun, with a history of about 900 years, is an extremely beautiful village in Anhui Province. Located under Mount Huang, the village has kept the major Chinese styles from ancient times. It’s also one of UNESCO World Heritage Sites（世界文化遗产）.Walk along the old stone streets and lanes, and you will feel like travelling back in time. All the houses with grey roofs and white walls were built during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. On the front gate of each household is dotted with（点缀着）red Chinese knots and lanterns. All of them are outlined（映出轮廓）against the blue sky and reflected into the clear rivers, lakes and ponds, surrounded（环绕着）by dark green mountains. It’s a living water-ink picture.Step into a tea house to take a rest. A piece of classical music, played by guqin, fills up the house and floats into your hearts, as if you hear birds singing, pines（松）whistling and rivers flowing. You will be lost in a world, full of peace and pleasure. Holding the tea cup, you will find some lines of poems on its out layer（层）coming into your sight:No dust is rising on the road, wet with morning rain.The willows by the hotel look so fresh and green.Walk out of the tea house, and go to the open-air theatre. The actors with coloured make-ups （脸绘）are performing on the stage in special clothes. It’s a local opera called Huangmei Opera and different from others, such as Kun Opera, Beijing Opera and Yue Opera. Also, you can enjoy different kinds of quyi: crosstalk(相声), kouji and pingshu.If you want to feel more about the charm of Hongcun, plan a visit to it right now. 1．What’s the correct meaning of the underlined word “charm” in the passage?A．friendly people B．special beauty C．ancient buildings D．unforgettable experiences2．Inside the village tea house, what elements（元素）of China are mentioned?①Chinese knots①pingshu①classical music①poems①Huangmei Opera ①teaA．①①①B．①①①C．①①①D．①①①3．Through the description of Hongcun, the passage shows ________.A．the influence of Chinese literature B．the beauty of Chinese cultureC．the influence of Chinese custom D．the history of Chinese art【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B【导语】本文主要介绍了安徽省一个非常美丽的村庄——宏村。
中考英语阅读理解词义猜测上下文线索完形填空题30题答案解析版
中考英语阅读理解词义猜测上下文线索完形填空题30题答案解析版1There is a small town near the sea. People there are very friendly. In summer, many tourists come to enjoy the beautiful beach. One day, a young man named Tom came to the town. He was looking for a place to stay. He walked along the street and saw a sign that said “Room for rent”. He followed the directions and found a small house. The owner of the house was an old woman. She was very kind and showed him the room. Tom liked it very much and decided to stay there.The next day, Tom went to the beach. He lay on the sand and enjoyed the sunshine. Suddenly, he heard someone calling for help. He looked around and saw a boy in the water. Tom jumped into the water and saved the boy. The boy’s parents were very grateful. They invited Tom to their house for dinner.Tom had a great time at the dinner. He talked with the boy’s parents and learned a lot about the town. After dinner, Tom walked back to his room. On the way, he saw a bookstore. He went in and looked around. There were many books on the shelves. He found a book about the history of the town. He was very interested in it and bought it.1. The word “grateful” in the passage probably means ___.A. happyB. thankfulC. angryD. surprised答案：B。
中考英语阅读理解词义猜测与上下文理解题50题
中考英语阅读理解词义猜测与上下文理解题50题1. I saw a “sale” sign in the shop window. What does “sale” mean?A. 购买B. 出售C. 打折D. 交换答案：C。
“sale”常见的意思是“打折”“促销”，在商店橱窗看到的“sale” sign 通常表示商品在打折出售。
A 选项“购买”是“buy”；B 选项“出售”可以用“sell”；D 选项“交换”是“exchange”。
2. The teacher said, “Class, please be quiet.” What does “quiet” mean?A. 大声的B. 安静的C. 活跃的D. 忙碌的答案：B。
“quiet”意为“安静的”，老师说让班级安静下来，就是让大家不要吵闹。
A 选项“大声的”是“loud”；C 选项“活跃的”是“active”；D 选项“忙碌的”是“busy”。
3. We had a picnic in the park yesterday. What does “picnic” mean?A. 会议B. 旅行C. 野餐D. 聚会答案：C。
“picnic”就是“野餐”的意思，在公园里进行的通常是野餐活动。
A 选项“会议”是“meeting”或“conference”；B 选项“旅行”是“trip”或“journey”；D 选项“聚会”是“party”。
4. The students are playing football on the playground. What does “playground” mean?A. 教室B. 操场C. 图书馆D. 实验室答案：B。
“playground”指的是“操场”，学生们踢足球通常在操场上进行。
A 选项“教室”是“classroom”；C 选项“图书馆”是“library”；D 选项“实验室”是“laboratory”。
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学习资料收集于网络，仅供参考
学习资料实战练习Passage 1
Tens of thousands of baby penguins face starvation after two giant icebergs broke off the Antarctic ice
sheet and blocked their parents ’ road to the feeding areas. Adeline and emperor penguins nesting on the island rookeries are now forced to walk long distances over the icebergs to obtain food for their chicks, born during the November-December breeding season.
What does the underlined word “obtain ” probably mean?
A. eat
B. get
C. sell
D. buy
Passage 2 A man ’s posit ion among the black-tent people depends on his ancestors, relatives, and fellow tribesmen. If they are honored, he is also honored. If they are disgraced, he too is disgraced. Therefore one carefully guards the honor of his family, his lineage(宗系), and his tribe.
The word “disgrace ” means _________ in this text.
A. honor
B. endanger
C. proud
D. shame
Passage 3 The ruler had been so cruel and dishonest that after the revolution he was banished. A few members of the Senate(参议院) opposed this decision, but the majority voted that the ruler should leave the country for ever.
The underlined word “banished ” mean_______.
A. killed by stoning
B. sent away
C. imprisoned
D. punished by whipping
Passage 4 My first job was to drive the oxen that ploughed the cane fields. I would walk behind an ox, guiding him with a broomstick. For $ 1 a day, I worked eight hours straight, with no food breaks. It was very
tedious work, but it prepared me for life and taught me many lasting lessons. Because the plantation owners were always watching us, I had to be on time every day and work as hard as I could.
What does the underlined word “tedious ” probably mean?
A. interesting
B. tiresome
C. relaxing
D. challenging
Passage 5 Although he often had the chance, Mr. Brown was never able to steal money from a customer.
This would endangered his position at the bank, and he did not want to jeopardize his future.
The word “jeopardize ” means _____ in this text.
A.protect
B. endanger
C. continue
D. Stop
练习二
1．He had been getting better, but during the night his condition deteriorated.
A. get worse
B. improve
C. was recorded
D. developed
2. The young man failed in his experiment. He seemed to have lost all his hope. Just at that time his father
came to help him, saying, “ don ’t despair, child. If you work harder, you ’ll succeed in the end.
A. to fail in the experiment
B. to help someone
C. to succeed in the end
D. to lost one ’s hope
3. There was a talk between an English visitor and a Chinese leader. The visitor could speak nothing but
English, and the leader could speak only Chinese. They couldn ’t understand each other. How co on ? now came an interpreter, who could speak both Chinese and English. So the talk between the English
visitor and the Chinese leader went on with the help of the interpreter.
A. a thing which gives quick translation of words spoken in another language
B. a person who gives an immediate translation of words spoken in anothe r language ’
C. a person who can speak nothing but English
D. a person who can speak nothing but Chinese
4. There is a legend that, long ago on Qing-Ming holiday, a young man named Xu Xian was coming back
home when suddenly it started to rain heavily. He ran at once to an old tree so as to keep out of the rain.
When he reached the tree, he saw a beautiful lady and her servant standing there. The young man and the
beautiful lady fell in love with each other at first sight.
A. a letter from England
B. a story from old times。