常见固定句式答案

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高考复习文言文固定句式及翻译练习

高考复习文言文固定句式及翻译练习
【答案】
①县宫经常派猎人捕捉老虎,(猎人却)常常被 猛虎吃掉。(重点:“邑宰”“扑”、被动句 式)。
② (他)每天步行到山中,遇见老虎就赤手空
十七 太平崔默庵多神验。有一少年新娶,未几出痘, 遍身皆肿,头面如牛。诸医束手,延默庵诊之。默 庵诊症,苟不得其情,必相对数日沉思,反复诊视, 必得其因而后已。诊次少年时,六脉平和,惟稍虚 耳,骤不得其故。时因肩舆道远腹饿,即在病者榻 前进食。见病者以手擘目,观其饮淡,①盖目眶尽 肿,不可开合也。问:“思食否?”曰:“甚思之, ②奈为医者戒余勿食何?” 【答案】 ①由于眼眶全肿了,不能睁开眼。 ②对医生告诫我不要吃东西怎么办?(或:医 生告诫我不要吃东西,对此该怎么办?)
①有智慧的人开创一门新的技艺,有才能的人对之加以传承。 ②不过世上很少有(吴道子)真迹,像史全所收藏(的真迹或 精品),(我)平生大概只能见到一 二次罢了。
十五
将复见子瞻于海南,予悯其老且病,止之曰:“君意则善, 然自此至儋(今海南省儋县)数千里,复当渡海,非老人 事也。”谷曰:“我自视未即死也,公无止我。”留之不 可,阅其囊中无数千钱,予方乏困,亦强资遣之。船行至 新会,有蛮隶窃其囊装以逃,获于新州,谷从之至新,遂 病死。予闻哭之失声,恨其不用吾言,①然亦奇其不用吾 言而行其志也。予方杂居南夷,与之起居出入,②盖将终 焉,虽知其贤,尚何以发之?闻谷有子蒙在泾月军中,故 为作传,异日以授之。 【答案】 ①然而也对他不采纳我的意见而实现自己的心愿感到惊异。 ②(我)大概将要死在此地,虽然知道他的贤德,(但) 我还能用什么方法来传扬他的事迹呢?
2.“孰与”、“孰若”。用在表示比较和 选择的疑问句中。“孰”是疑问代词,可译 作“谁”“什么”“哪”,它们就在名词或 代词前,可译为“……与……相比,谁(哪 一个)……”;放在动词前,可译为“怎 如”、“何如”、“怎比得上”等。例如: ①我孰与城北徐公美?②与其杀是僮,孰若 卖之?

高考英语固定句型知识点知识点总复习含答案(7)

高考英语固定句型知识点知识点总复习含答案(7)

高考英语固定句型知识点知识点总复习含答案(7)一、选择题1.The reason why he hasn’t come is ___________.A.because his mother is ill B.because of his mother’s being illC.that his mother is ill D.for his mother is ill2.He never wrote ________ his first one again.A.as good book as B.such good a book asC.so good a book as D.such good book as3.It was the first time in my life that I________ the Great Wall. You can’t imagine how excited I felt!A.had visited B.visitedC.visit D.have visited4.This is the first time that I ________at the meeting.A.had spoken B.have spoken C.am D.was5.Think about it twice, ________ I think, you may change your mind.A.so B.but C.or D.and6.Do you consider it any good______ your eyes to your cellphone every day?A.gluing B.to glue C.having glued D.to have glued7.I was on the point of speaking my wife stood up and stopped me.A.since B.as C.when D.while8.You’d better try ______ second time if it is ______ first time that you ____.A.the; the; fail B.a; the; have failedC.a; the; should fail D.the; a; fail9._____ picking up the phone, I recognized her voice.A.Upon B.With C.As D.Over10.The efforts made by researchers ____ possible the appearance of a new life-saving medicine. A.were made B.madeC.made it D.were made it11.______ a hole in one of the walls. Otherwise, we couldn’t have seen what was going on inside the room.A.There happened to be B.It happened to beC.There happened to have D.It happened to have12.Helen was about to walk out of the door________ the telephone rang.A.when B.then C.while D.that13.It is no use __________ with Bill because he will never change his mind.A.arguing B.to argue C.argue D.argued14.Ten years ago the population of our village was_________ that of theirs.A.as twice large as B.twice as large asC.twice as much as D.as twice much as15.Delighted _____ I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned thatBrowns Grove Farm is one of the suppliers of a newly opened restaurant.A.although B.as C.so D.when16.- Haven’t seen you for ages. Do you still work in Shenyang?- No, I don’t. It’s two years ________ I worked there.A.before B.as C.when D.since17.Once the marine life is poisoned, it will be a very long time __________it restores its original condition.A.since B.that C.before D.until18._____ we shall be able to help you when you’re in trouble. Please trust us.A.It’s doubtful whether B.We doubt whetherC.It’s no doubt that D.There’s no doubt that19.I would appreciate ______ if you could give me a reply as soon as possible.A.you B.it C.that D.them20.Rather than ______ on a crowded bus, Mr. Bush prefers ______ to the grocery. A.riding…to walk B.to ride…walk C.riding…walking D.ride…to walk21.I had hardly rung the bell ________ the door was opened suddenly, and my son rushed out to greet me.A.before B.untilC.as D.since22.Sandy could do nothing but ______ to his teacher that he was wrong.A.to admit B.admitted C.admit D.admitting23.I felt somewhat disappointed and was about to leave _________something occurred which attracted my attention.A.unless B.untilC.when D.while24.It is time that the government _____ measures to protect the valuable heritage.A.takes B.to take C.take D.took25.At a rough estimate, China is _____ its neighboring country India.A.three times the size as B.the size three times ofC.three times as the size of D.three times the size of【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.C解析:C【解析】【详解】考查表语从句。

文言翻译训练(附答案)及常见文言固定句式

文言翻译训练(附答案)及常见文言固定句式

1、翻译下面文言文中划线的部分(5分)星隧木鸣,国人皆恐。

曰:是何也?曰:无何也。

是天地之变,阴阳之化,物之罕至者也。

怪之可也,而畏之非也。

夫日月之有蚀,风雨之不时,怪星之党见,是无世而不常有之。

2、将下面文中画线的句子译成现代汉语(5分)(1)墨子怒耕柱子①,耕柱子曰:“吾无逾于人乎?”墨子曰:(2)“吾将之太行②,驾骥与牛,子交谁驱?”耕柱子曰:“将驱骥也”。

墨子曰:“何故?”耕柱子曰:“骥足以责。

”墨子曰:“吾亦以子为足以责。

”[注] ①[耕柱子]墨子的学生。

②[太行]太行山。

(1)_____________________________________________________________(2)_____________________________________________________________3、将画线语句译成现代汉语。

(5分)儒书言董仲舒读《春秋》,专精一思,志不在他,三年不窥园菜。

夫言不窥园菜,实也;言三年,增之也。

仲舒虽精,亦时解休;解休之间,犹宜游于门庭之侧;则能至门庭,何嫌不窥园菜?闻用精者察物不见,存道以亡身,不闻不至门庭,坐思三年,不及窥园也。

(《论衡•儒增》)①仲舒虽精,亦时解休:________________________________________(3分)②存道以亡身:_________________________________(2分)4、阅读下面一段文字,完成文后各题。

(5分)张嘉贞落魄有大志,亦不自异,亦不下人,自平乡尉免归乡里,布衣环堵①之中,萧然自得。

时人莫之知也。

张循宪以御史出,还次蒲州驿。

循宪方复命,使务有不决者,意颇病之。

问驿吏日:"此有好客乎?"驿吏白以嘉贞。

循宪召与相见,咨以其事积时凝滞者,嘉贞随机应之,莫不豁然。

及命表,又出意外。

他日,则天以问循宪,具以实对,因请以已官让之。

则天日:"卿能举贤,美矣。

高考英语固定句型知识点技巧及练习题附答案(3)

高考英语固定句型知识点技巧及练习题附答案(3)

高考英语固定句型知识点技巧及练习题附答案(3)一、选择题1.Once the marine life is poisoned, it will be a very long time __________it restores its original condition.A.since B.that C.before D.until2.Helen was about to walk out of the door________ the telephone rang.A.when B.then C.while D.that3.This is the first time that I ________at the meeting.A.had spoken B.have spoken C.am D.was4.How excited I am now! You know, it is the second time that I _____ the first prize in the 400-meter race.A.winsB.wonC.have wonD.is winning5.I was on the point of speaking my wife stood up and stopped me.A.since B.as C.when D.while6.It is no use ____ me not to worry.A.you tell B.your telling C.to have told D.having told 7.AIDS is said _______the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area in the past three years.A.that it is.B.to be.C.that it has been.D.to have been.8.It won’t be long __________ our winter vacation begins, but my vacation plans are still up in the air.A.when B.until C.that D.before9.______ a hole i n one of the walls. Otherwise, we couldn’t have seen what was going on inside the room.A.There happened to be B.It happened to beC.There happened to have D.It happened to have10.The reason why he hasn’t come is ___________.A.because his mother is ill B.because of his mother’s being illC.that his mother is ill D.for his mother is ill11.- Haven’t seen you for ages. Do you still work in Shenyang?- No, I don’t. It’s two years ________ I worked there.A.before B.as C.when D.since12.During the period of recent terrorist activities, people _____ not to touch an unattended bag. A.had always been warned B.were always being warnedC.are always warning D.always warned13.A: How much does it cost to send a parcel from Shanghai to Canada?B: It is too expensive __________.A.to be thinking B.even to think itC.even to consider it D.to consider to do it14.— It was careless of you to have left the house without turning off the gas.— My god! _______.A.So were you B.So was I C.So did I D.So I did15.________, I bel ieve, and you can see he wasn’t lying.A.Casting a glance at the boy B.One glance at the boyC.Glance cast at the boy D.If you cast a glance at the boy16.—Do you know anything about the school?—Yes. In fact,this is the third time I here.A.wasB.cameC.have beenD.will come17.Rather than ______ on a crowded bus, Mr. Bush prefers ______ to the grocery. A.riding…to walk B.to ride…walk C.riding…walking D.ride…to walk 18.I know nothing about the young lady _______ she is from Beijing.A.except B.that C.except that D.except for19.I felt somewhat disappointed and was about to leave _________something occurred which attracted my attention.A.unless B.untilC.when D.while20.It’s no use _________ without thinking.A.learn B.to learn C.having learned D.learning 21.Peter had been puzzled over the problem for over an hour___________ all at once the solution flashed across his mind.A.when B.while C.then D.as22.I've got lo make _______he told a lie.A.that clear B.it clear that C.quite clear D.this clear that 23.Ten years ago the population of our village was_________ that of theirs.A.as twice large as B.twice as large asC.twice as much as D.as twice much as24.He could do nothing but __________ for the bus ___________.A.to wait; coming B.to wait; to come C.wait; coming D.wait; to come 25.She explains English grammar _________ clearly that even I can understand it. A.such B.what C.how D.so【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.C解析:C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查时间状语从句和固定句式。

53句式训练大全答案

53句式训练大全答案

53句式训练大全答案以下是 44 个常见句式和相应的例子:1. 主语 + 动词- 我学习。

- 他走路。

2. 主语 + 动词 + 宾语- 她读书。

- 他写信。

3. 主语 + 动词 + 地点- 我们在图书馆学习。

- 猫在沙发上睡觉。

4. 主语 + 动词 + 时间- 我们今天上课。

- 明天我去旅行。

5. 主语 + 系动词 + 表语- 她很漂亮。

- 他的房间很干净。

6. 主语 + 情态动词 + 动词原形- 我可以帮助你。

- 他要去游泳。

7. 主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + 地点- 我们吃晚饭在家里。

- 她和他一起看电影在电影院。

8. 名词 + 动词 + 宾语- 妈妈做菜。

- 父亲看电视。

9. 名词 + 系动词 + 表语- 花园里的花很美。

- 那些书很有趣。

10. 名词 + 形容词- 水很清澈。

- 天气很热。

11. 名词 + 形容词 + 定语- 这本书很有意思。

- 那个男孩子很聪明。

12. 名词 + 形容词 + 定语 + 宾语- 这些苹果很甜。

- 那些学生很用功。

13. 名词 + 数量 + 计量单位- 我买了两个苹果。

- 老师发了三十页作业。

14. 名词 + 动词 + 数量 + 计量单位- 我们要打五局乒乓球。

- 她每天要跑十公里。

15. 名词 + 动词 + 宾语 + 动词 + 宾语- 我们听音乐唱歌跳舞。

- 她喜欢看书写字。

16. 名词 + 不定式- 我的目标是成为一名科学家。

- 他的梦想是成为一名歌手。

17. 名词 + 定义性定语从句- 学习英语的人很多。

- 对我来说,时间管理是很重要的。

18. 名词 + 限定性定语从句- 我认识的那个女孩很聪明。

- 我刚才说话的那个人是我的老师。

19. 名词 + 并列连词 + 名词- 我们要学习数学、物理和化学。

- 他喜欢看小说和文学书籍。

20. 名词 + 连接副词 + 名词- 她学习非常努力地学习。

- 我们总是一起去旅行。

21. 名词 + 介词 + 名词- 我们在汽车旁边等着。

中考英语句子的固定搭配(含答案)专题练习

中考英语句子的固定搭配(含答案)专题练习

中考英语-句子的固定搭配(含答案)-专题练习一、单选题1.It's half past seven. It's time to .A. have a breakfastB. have breakfastC. have the breakfastD. has this breakfast2.I'm looking forward to __________my grandparents this summer holiday.A. seeB. seesC. sawD. seeing3.It takes about 30 minutes _______ a bicycle from my home to school.A. rideB. ridingC. to rideD. rides4.Could you please the dishes?A. to doB. doC. to makeD. makes5.It is very interesting for me ______________ to cook food.A. learnedB. learnC. to learnD. learning6.——I feel a bit hungry now.——Why not_____ for dinner with us?A. goB. did you goC. to goD. do you go7.—_______ the weather _______ Hangzhou?—Sunny but cold.A. Where's; ofB. What's; inC. How's; inD. How's; of8.China ________ food and drinks ________ the people in Philippines(菲律宾) last year.A. provided, forB. provides, withC. provided, withD. provides, for9.It's your turn ________ the classroom.A.cleanB.to cleaningC.to cleanD.cleans10.While we down the street, the accident happened.A. walkedB. are walkingC. were walking11.She had great difficulty ________ the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.A. findingB. findC. foundD. to find12.What's with you?A. wrongB. the wrongC. matterD. up13. When will you return to your hometown?__________.A. Not until the end of this monthB. Until next weekC. A few days agoD. A few weeks before14.It usually takes about ten minutes ____to school.A. by bikeB. on a bikeC. to rideD. ride15.Xiao Li was supposed __________ her homework before nine o'clock. But shecouldn't.A. to finishB. to finishingC. finishD. finishing16.I want to choose this room because it is to put all my things.A.enough largerge enoughC.enough tidyD.tidy enough17.It takes ten minutes on foot.A. my; to get to schoolB. me; to get to schoolC. my; going to schoolD. me; going to school18.The old scientist has made a great contribution the moon.A. in exploreB. to exploreC. exploreD. to exploring19.It's 9 o'clock in the morning. It's time .A.to wake up himB.for wake him upC.for wake up himD.to wake him up20.Work hard __________ you will succeed .A. andB. orC. whileD. But21. -- We don't allow _________ in the library.-- So we had better _________ outside.A. smoking, smokingB. to smoke, smokingC. to smoke, to smokeD. smoking, smoke22.Why on the light?A. not turnB. not to turnC. don't turn23."I'm a Singer" is __________ an interesting TV show _________ many people like watching it.A. so; thatB. such; thatC. so; asD. such; as24.Would you like ______ with me?A. to go shoppingB. go shoppingC. to shoppingD. going to shop25.It's time for class. So stop ________, please.A. to talkB. talkingC. talkD. talked26.---How do you go to school?-- I take a bus, but now I walking.A. used to; used toB. used to; am used toC. am used to; used to27.—the weather?—Sunny.A. HowB. How'sC. What'sD. What28.—What's the matter _______ your younger sister?—She has a cough.A. forB. atC. withD. On29.It's difficult the mountain in a day.A. to climbB. climbingC. climbsD. climbed30.——Would you mind ____ here?——Sorry, I won't.A. smokeB. smokingC. smokesD. not smoking31.—Which do you like better, milk or coffee?—Well, I __________ coffee __________ milk.A. prefer; withB. like; betterC. prefer; toD. would rather; than32.I'd like ____________some soup.A. drinkB. haveC. eatD. /33.—_____ do you _____ the book?—It's very interesting.A. What; likeB. What; think ofC. How; thinkD. How; think of34.________ is important ________ the water in the river clean.A. It; keepB. It; to keepC. That; keepD. That; to keep35.Why _______ a rest if you are tired?A. don't you to haveB. you not haveC. don't you haveD. not to have36.What's you, my boy?A. the matter withB. matter withC. the matter toD. matter of37.I would rather die than ______.A. to give inB. gave inC. giving inD. give in38.Would you like to have dinner with me?A. Would you please toB. Do you want toC. Do you likeD. What about39.— It's snowing outside. Why not ____________ it?— Good idea!A. to stop to watchB. to stop watchingC. stop watchingD. stop to watch40.Thank you ____ your help. It's very kind ____ you.A. for; toB. to; ofC. for; ofD. of; for41. give him a watch?A. What aboutB. Let'sC. Why don'tD. Why don't you42.They got up ________ late ________ catch the early bus, so they had to go there by taxi.A. so; thatB. too; toC. such; thatD. not; until43.— How was the dinner last night?— It was OK, but I made a mistake. I ________ arrive at 7:00, but I arrived at 8:00.A. was willing toB. was supposed toC. was allowed toD. was used to44.It's better ____ your voice down in public places.A. keepingB. to keepC. keepsD. keep二、填空题45.The lock is made________ (of/ from) metal. It's very hard.46.—Why not ________ (buy) John a toy car for his birthday?—Good idea! He is crazy about cars.47.It ________ (take) me five days to finish the book.48.Rata likes ________ (read) very much.49.Tom often spends half an hour ________ (go) home by bike.答案解析部分一、单选题1.It's half past seven. It's time to .A. have a breakfastB. have breakfastC. have the breakfastD. has this breakfast 【答案】B【考点】固定搭配【解析】【分析】句意:7点半了,该吃早饭了。

高考英语固定句型知识点单元汇编及答案(6)

高考英语固定句型知识点单元汇编及答案(6)

高考英语固定句型知识点单元汇编及答案(6)一、选择题1.- Haven’t seen you for ages. Do you still work in Shenyang?- No, I don’t. It’s two years ________ I worked there.A.before B.as C.when D.since2.Experts have found that the disease_________ to a greater increase in the number of sufferers unless treated seriously when the symptom first appears.A.will lead B.leading C.leads D.is lead3.This was the first time that she _________by the beauty of the West Lake.A.was fascinated B.had been fascinated C.has been fascinated D.fascinated4._____ seemed as if nobody knew anything about the accident.A.What B.That C.It D.As5.This is the first time that I ________at the meeting.A.had spoken B.have spoken C.am D.was6.It was ________ nice weather that we were able to have lunch in the garden.A.so B.too C.such D.very7.Is _______any doubt _____ Jennifer will come to see me this weekend as usual.A.it; that B.it; whether C.there; that D.there; whether8.It is no use ____ me not to worry.A.you tell B.your telling C.to have told D.having told9.It will be many years ______ the doctors and medical scientists can find _____ for cancer. A.since; cures B.when; treatmentsC.before; cures D.until; treaments10.Jenny was fined, because she was driving ________ she couldn’t stop at the red light. A.too fast that B.so fast thatC.such fast that D.as fast as that11.It is polite _____ you to give your seat to the old man on the bus.A.for B.to C.of D.about12.Helen was about to walk out of the door________ the telephone rang.A.when B.then C.while D.that13.To solve the shortage of electricity,the government has taken some measures, but it will be some time________the situation returns to normal.A.since B.when C.before D.unless 14.Though it is 30 years_______we last met, I still remember the scene_______we got separated on a rainy day.A.before; where B.before; which C.since; when D.since; where 15._______ is the power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous.A.It B.This C.That D.Such16.As I know, there is ____ car in this neighborhood.A.no a B.no such C.not such D.no such a17._____ we shall be able to help you when you’re in trouble. Please trust us.A.It’s doubtful whether B.We doubt whetherC.It’s no doubt that D.There’s no doubt that18.—Do you know anything about the school?—Yes. In fact,this is the third time I here.A.wasB.cameC.have beenD.will come19.I know nothing about the young lady _______ she is from Beijing.A.except B.that C.except that D.except for20.__________ is no possibility __________ Bob can win the first prize in the match . A.There ; whether B.There ; that C.It ; whether D.It ; that21.I felt somewhat disappointed and was about to leave _________something occurred which attracted my attention.A.unless B.untilC.when D.while22.It won't be long _our summer vacation begins, but my vacation plans are still up in the air. A.when B.until C.that D.before23.It’s no use _________ without thinking.A.learn B.to learn C.having learned D.learning 24.Hardly _________ the knock when I opened the door.A.have I heard B.had I heard C.did I hear D.do I hear 25.Since we haven’t gone very far, we might just __________ well turn around to get the map. A.for B.with C.in D.as【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.D解析:D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查状语从句。

高二英语固定句型试题答案及解析

高二英语固定句型试题答案及解析

高二英语固定句型试题答案及解析1.I’d rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than _______ a room with someone else.A.to share B.to have sharedC.share D.sharing【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:我宁愿有一个自己的房间,不管有多小,也不愿意和别人共用一个房间。

固定短语:would rather do than do“宁愿做也不做”,选C。

【考点】考查固定短语2. What a table! I have never seen such a thing before. It is ______ it is long.A.half not as wide as B.wide not as half asC.not half as wide as D.as wide as not half【答案】C【解析】考查倍数表达法。

倍数表达法为:倍数+as...as...,A、D项大体符合该顺序;再由句意可知,应该是“不到两倍(not half)”。

句意:这样的桌子!我从来没见过这种长度还不及宽度的一半的桌子!故C正确。

【考点】考查倍数表达法3. I ______ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home. A.won’t B.can’t C.can D.will【答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配:can’t…too much“再…也不为过”,句意:在我们不在家期间,你对我儿子的帮助我感激不尽。

选B。

【考点】考查固定搭配4. Could you drive me to the bookstore at noon if________?A.it's convenient of you B.you are convenientC.it's convenient to you D.you will be convenient【答案】C【解析】试题分析:考查固定句型。

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文言文复习——常见固定句式(答案)1.无以,无从,译为“没有用来……的办法”。

例:故不积跬步,无以至千里;不积小流,无以成江海。

(《劝学》)——因此不积累半步,就没有用来达到千里之外的办法;不汇集细微的水流,就没有用来形成江海的办法。

2.……,抑……,译为“是……,还是……”或“……,或者……”。

例:抑本其成败之迹,而皆自于人欤?(《伶官传序》)——或者考察其成败的事迹,不都是由于人事所决定的吗?3.有所,译为“有……的(人、物、事)”。

例:死亦我所恶,所恶有甚于死者,故患有所不辟也。

(《鱼我所欲也》)——死也是我厌恶的事情,(但是我)还有比死更严重的厌恶的事情,所以祸患(也)有(我)不躲避的。

4.无所,译为“没有……的人、物、事”例:质明,避哨竹林中,逻者数十骑,几无所逃死。

(《指南录后亭》)——天刚亮,在竹林里躲避哨后,(碰到)几十名巡逻的骑兵,几乎没法逃脱而死。

5.如何、奈何、若何,译为“把……怎么办呢?”“对……怎么样呢?”,如果之间没有插入名词、代词和词组,则译为“怎么,怎么样,怎么办”。

有询问怎么处理的意思。

例:“今者出,未辞也,为之奈何?”(《鸿门宴》)——(沛公说:)“现在出来了,没有告辞,对这怎么办呢?”6.如……何,译为“对……怎么办”。

例:如太行、王屋何?(《愚公移山》)——对太行、王屋怎么办?7.奈……何,译成“把……怎么办”。

例:三老不来还,奈之何?(《西门豹冶邺》)——三老不回来,把他们怎么办? 8.是故,是以,译为“因此,所以”。

例:是故无贵无贱,无长无少,道之所有,师之所存也。

(《师说》)——因此,无论(身份)高贵还是低贱,无论年龄大还是小,道理存在的地方,就是老师存在的地方。

9.所以,译为“用来……的人、物、事”、“……原因”、“……的方法”。

例:臣所以去亲戚而事君者,徒慕君之高义也。

(《廉颇蔺相如列传》)——我们离开父母亲属来侍奉您的原因,只是仰慕您的崇高品德。

10.不亦……乎,译为“不也是……吗?”例:“学而时习之,不亦说乎?有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎?人不知而不愠,不亦君子乎。

”(《论语》)——(孔子说:)“学习并且经常温习所学知识,不也是高兴的吗?有志同道合的朋友从远方来,不也是快乐的吗?别人不理解自己,自己也不生气,不也是有道德的人吗?”11.有以……,无以……,译为“有可以拿来……的”,“没有可以拿来……的”。

例1:吾终当有以活汝。

(《中山狼传》)——我总会有可以拿来使你活下去的办法。

例2:军中无以为乐。

(《鸿门宴》)——军营里没有可以用来作乐的东西。

12.庸……乎,译为“哪……呢?”例:吾师道也,夫庸知其年之先后生于吾乎?(《师说》)——我以道理为师,哪管他年龄比我大(还是)比我小呢?13.其……乎(邪),译为“难道……吗?”例:其真无马邪?其真不知马也。

(《马说》)——难道真的没有千里马吗?是他们真的不知道千里马啊!14.得无……一乎,得无……耶,译为“恐怕……吧”或“莫非……吧”。

例:若翁廉,若辈得无苦贫乎?(《记王忠肃公翱事》)——一你们的老人很廉洁,你们这些人恐怕不免穷困吧?15.无乃……乎(与),译为“恐怕……吧”。

例:无乃尔是过与?(《论语》)——恐怕要责备你了吧?16.……之谓也,其……之谓也;其……之谓乎,译为“说的就是……啊!”“大概说的就是……吧”。

例:谚所谓“唇亡齿寒”者,其虞虢之谓也。

——民谚中说的“嘴唇没有了,牙齿就会感到寒冷”,大概就是说的虞国与虢国的关系吧。

其是之谓也。

——说的就是这个吧。

17.孰与,以……孰,译为“跟……比较,哪一个……”;孰若,译为“哪里比得上”。

例:公之视廉将军孰与秦王?(《廉颇蔺相如列传》)——你们看廉将军和秦王比,怎么样呢?孰与君少长?——和你相比,谁大谁小?18.然则,译为“既然如此,那么”。

例:是进亦忧,退亦忧,然则何时而乐耶?(《岳阳楼记》)——这样做官也担忧,不做官也担忧,既然如此,那么什么时候才能快乐呢? 19.(而)况……乎,译为“何况……呢”或“又何况……呢”。

例:今以钟磬置水中,虽大风浪不能鸣也,而况石乎!(《石钟山记》)——现在把钟和磬放入水中,即使有大风大浪也不能使它发出声响,又何况是石头呢! 20.与其……孰若(无宁)……,翻译为“与其……,哪如……,哪里比得上(不如)……”。

例:与其坐而待亡,孰若起而拯之。

(《冯婉贞》)——与其坐着等死,哪如奋起抵抗拯救我们村庄?21.能无……乎,译为“怎么不……呢”。

例:信而见疑,忠而被谤,能无怨乎?(《屈原列传》)——诚信却被怀疑,忠心却被诽谤,怎能不怨愤呢?22.安能、何能、何得,这三种固定结构一般译为“怎么能”。

例1:安能摧屑折腰事权贵,使我不得开心颜!(《梦游天姥吟留别》)——怎么能让我低头弯腰去侍奉权贵,叫我不能开怀展笑颜!例2:其妻日:“君美甚,徐公何能及君也?”(《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》)——他的妻子说:“您漂亮极了,徐公怎能比得上您呢!”23'独……耶'、' 独……哉'连用,表示疑问,相当于现代汉语的'难道……吗'。

例1:独不怜公子之姊耶?(《信陵君窃符救赵》)——难道公子你就不可怜您的姐姐吗?例2:相如虽驽,独畏廉将军哉?(《廉颇蔺相如列传》)——相如我虽然才能低下,难道就怕廉将军吗?24宁……耶' 连用,表示反问,相当于现代汉语的'哪里(怎么)……呢'。

例1 宁知此为归骨所耶?(《祭妹文》)——哪里会想到这里是掩埋你骸骨的地方呢?25 庶几:大概,或许,可能;差不多;但愿,希望。

例1:王之好乐甚,则齐国其庶几乎……?——大王(果真)很喜欢音乐,那么齐国大概治理得差不多了吧…例2:吾王庶几无疾病与,何以能田猎也(《庄》)——我们的君王大概没有疾病吧,不然,怎么能打猎呢?反馈训练:翻译下列句子1.巫妪、三老不来还,奈之何?《西门豹治邺》巫婆三老还不回来,怎么办?2.得无楚之水土使民善盗耶?《晏子春秋·晏子使楚》莫非楚国的水土使百姓善盗?3.若辈得无苦贫乎?(《记王忠肃公翱事》)你们这一代恐怕很贫苦吧?4.不为者与不能者之形,何以异?(《庄暴见孟子》)不去做和不能做的表现形式有什么不一样呢5.求剑若此,不亦惑乎?(《吕氏春秋·察今》)像这样找剑,不也糊涂吗?6.如今人方为刀俎,我为鱼肉,何辞为?(《史记·鸿门宴》)如今人家正是刀和砧板,我是鱼肉,为什么要告辞呢?7、卖炭得钱何所营?(白居易《卖炭翁》)卖炭得来的钱做什么呢?8、与其杀是僮,孰若卖之(《童区寄传》)与其杀掉这个僮仆,哪里比得上卖了他。

9、奚以之九万里而南为?(庄子《逍遥游》)为什么要飞到九万里的高空再往南飞呢?10、譬若以肉投馁虎,何功之有哉?(司马迁《信陵君窃符救赵》)这好比把肉投给饥饿的老虎, 能有什么功效呢?11、日食饮得无衰乎?(《触龙说赵太后》)每日饮食恐怕没减少吧12、无乃尔是过与?(《季氏将伐颛臾》)恐怕该责备你吧?13、孰与君少长?(《鸿门宴》)你与他的年龄相比谁大谁小?13闻道百,以为莫己若’者,我之谓也。

(《秋水》)有句俗语说道,“听说过成百上千的道理,便认为没有人能比得上自己”的人,说的就是我呀。

14、奈何取之尽锱铢,用之如泥沙?(《阿房宫赋》)为什么搜刮老百姓的财物一分一厘都不放过,挥霍时却像泥沙一样浪费?15、尽吾志也,而不能至者,可以无悔矣,其孰能讥之乎?(《游褒禅山记》)用尽了我的力量而不能够到达的,就没有什么可后悔的了,难道有谁能嘲笑我呢?16、项王笑曰:“天之亡我,我何渡为?”笑着说:"上天要灭亡我,我还要干什么呢?17、阅读短文,完成下面练习:死。

汝母老,鲜兄弟,以我代盗,庶全汝母子命。

”(你母亲年老,又缺少兄弟,由我来代替盗贼,希望能保全你母子性命。

),罚其父兄。

遇学官以宾礼,师儒竞“御史杖人至死者,诣府报告,”儒怒。

继宗入见曰:.有司事,非宪体也。

.儒惭而.去。

中官过者,.菱芡、历书。

中官索钱,继宗即发牒取库金,曰:与我印券。

“天下不爱钱者,惟杨继宗一人耳。

”数与中官张庆忤.。

.帝前毁继宗。

帝曰:“得非不私一钱之杨继宗乎?”(“你说的莫非是那个不贪一个钱的杨继宗吗?)敏惶恐,遗书庆曰:“善遇之,上已知其.人矣。

惟携一仆、书数卷而还。

[注]①宪体:御史的本分职事②袭:量词,指成套的衣服③中官:宦官④印券:盖有官印的凭证。

1.下列各句中加点的词语的解释,不正确的一项是AA.师儒竞劝.劝:劝告B.若比.户稽核比:靠近,挨着C.而心甚衔.之衔:怀恨D.继宗遗以菱芡、历书遗:赠给劝:鼓励2对下列句子中加点的诃的解释,不正确的一项是( A)A.遇学官以宾礼遇:遇到。

B.濒行,突入府署濒:临近。

C.数与中官张庆忤忤:触犯。

D.尽籍廨中器物付有司籍:登记。

对待3.下列各组句子中,加点的词的意义和用法相同的一组是( B )A.①上已知其人矣②吾其还也B.①儒惭而去②怒而飞,其翼若垂天之云C.①御史杖人至死者②今者项庄拔剑舞D.①若比户稽核,则有司事②三人行,则必有我师B表修饰。

A.这个人;助词,表婉商语气。

C.助词,构成者字词组;助词,用在时间副词后。

D.应该,就是;就。

4.下列各组句子中,加点的词的意义和用法相同的一组是( C)A.①金具在,与我印券②与赢而不助五国也B.①中官过者②又有若老人咳且笑于山谷中者C.①庆兄敏在司礼,每于帝前毁继宗②将藏之于家,使来者读之D.①中官过者,继宗遗以菱芡、历书②令五人者保其首领以老于户牖之下A项①给,②结交。

B项①定语后置标志,②的人 C项介词,表处所,相当于“在”。

D①介词,相当于“拿”,②连词,同“而”。

5.以下句子编为四组,全都表现杨继宗“性刚廉”的一组是( C)①而时时集父老问其苦,为祛除之②民间子弟八岁不就学者,罚其父兄③入觐,汪直欲见之,不可④善遇之,帝已知其人矣⑤闻母丧,立出,惟携一仆,书数卷而还⑥继宗欲宽之而无由A.①③⑥B.②④⑤C.③④⑤D.①②⑥①表现关心民间疾苦。

②表现重视教育。

③⑤从正面表现刚廉。

④从侧面表现刚廉。

⑥表现居心慈厚。

6.下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析,不正确的一项是DA.杨继宗对囚犯讲人道,按时提供饮食,还叫他们洗浴,体现了一种悯民爱民思想,与古代许多官吏的残酷苛刻、草菅人命构成鲜明的对比。

同时他又善断疑狱,避免了很多冤假错案。

B.杨继宗大兴社学,并注意落实到实处,尽管他的“罚其父兄”的做法不很合理,但这一罚却功在百姓,利在百姓。

C.杨继宗本来生性“刚廉孤峭”,一般人难以接近,但他对学官却礼貌有加,待之以宾客之礼。

他作为地方长官能尊师重教也是当地“社学大兴”的原因之一。

D.杨继宗廉洁清正不爱钱财,这正是他敢于公开批评御史孔儒明胡作非为,敢于抵制宦官敲诈勒索的力量来源,汪直说“天下不爱钱者,惟杨继宗一人耳”,意思是说明朝上下官吏除了杨继宗之外全都腐败透顶,这既是对他的赞美也是对时政的批评。

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