2018-2019学年上海市浦东新区建平中学高三(上)期中英语试卷 解析版
2018-2019学年上海市浦东新区建平中学高三（上）期中英语试卷II.GrammarandvocabularySectionA1．The mama﹣bear instinctMs．Angela McQueen，a math and PE teacher at Mattoon High School，Illinois，has a routine whenshe's on lunch﹣monitoring duty．She （1）（keep）an eye on the hundreds of students in her charge by walking laps（圈）around the school cafeteria．In September 2017，McQueen，then 40，had hardly finished one lap （2） a 14﹣year﹣old freshman standing not far from her pulled out a gun．She knew too well that he was going to start shooting．School employees（3）（train）on how to handle active shooters：Attack their ability （4）（aim）．So with the shooter's finger on the trigger，McQueen rushed to him．（5）（grab）at his arm，she forced the gun into the air，but not （6）he struck one student in the hand and chest and hurt another．As students ran for the exits，McQueen defeated the shooter with help from the school resource officer，（7）disarmed the student and took him into imprisonment until police arrived minutes later．Afterward，McQueen went outside to give hugs and support to her shaken students．"It's the mama﹣bear instinct，" she told the local paper．"I don't have kids of my own，but these are still‘（8）' kids．"（9）McQueen，a story that has played out tragically at far too many schools across the country had a relatively happy ending．"If it hadn't been for her，the situation would have been a lot different，" Police Chief Jeff Branson said at a news conference．As one （10）（impress）student told CBS News，"Mr．McQueen is our heroine．" SectionB2．Photography is often perceived as an objective，and therefore unbiased，medium for documenting andpreserving historic moments and national and world histories，and for visualizing and narrating news stories．But the choices made by a photographer ﹣including how the image is （1），what is left in or out of the frame，and how it may be cropped，edited，or otherwise altered after it is taken ﹣introduce a point﹣of﹣view into the photograph and （2）impact how we receive and understand images．Such considerations raise critical questions about how willingly we accept any one photograph as a reflection of （3）truth．Photographs can bear （4）to history and even serve as catalysts（催化剂）for change．They can foster sympathy and raise awareness or，（5），offer critical commentary on historical people，places，and events．Throughout the history of the medium，photographers have aimed to capture the essence of events they saw with their own eyes﹣though the question of the trustworthiness of their images is always up for debate．Though Dorothea Lange had been operating a successful portrait studio in San Francisco since 1919，she was moved by the homeless people as the Great Depression began to take its toll，and she started photographing them．These photographs led to her being hired by the federal Farm Security Administration（FSA），formed to raise awareness of and provide aid to poor farmers．Lange closely identified with the FSA's mission，which was to（6）the effects of the Depression on Americans，bringing attention to their struggles so that such events would never recur．Due in part to her work with the FSA，Lange became known as a pioneer of documentary photography，a （7）she disliked because she felt the term did not reflect the passionate social motivations that fueled her work．Dorothea Lange took this photograph Migrant Mother，Nipomo，California in 1936，while employedby the FSA program．In Nipomo，California，Lange came across Florence Owens Thompson and her children in a camp filled with field workers whose livelihoods were devastated by the failure of the pea crops．Recalling her encounter with Thompson years later，she said，"I saw and approached the hungry and desperate mother．I do not remember how I explained my （8）or my camera to her，but I do remember she asked me no questions．I madefive exposures，working closer and closer from the same direction．" One photograph from that shoot，now known as Migrant Mother，was widely（9）to magazines and newspapers and became a symbol of the plight of migrant farm workers during the Great Depression．As Lange described Thompson's situation，"She and her children had been living on frozen vegetablesfrom the field．Yet they could not move on，for she had just sold the tires from the car to buy food．" However，Thompson later （10）Lange's account．When a reporter interviewed her in the 1970s，she insisted that she and Lange did not speak to each other，nor did she sell the tires of her car．Thompson said that Lange had either confused her for another farmer or embellished（渲染）what she had understood of her situation in order to make a better story．III.ReadingcomprehensionSectionA3．Vast parts of Earth should be left wildTo avoid mass extinctions of plants and animals，governments should protect a third of the oceans andland by 2030 and half by 2050，with a focus on areas of high biodiversity．So say leading biologists in aneditorial in the journal Science．This isn't just about saving biodiverse areas，says Jonathan Baillie of the National Geographic Society，one of the authors．It is also about saving ourselves by protecting （1）natural systems，or ecosystems，and their benefits to us，known as ecosystem services．"We are learning that the large areas that remain are important for providing services for all life．The forests，for example，are （2）for absorbing and storing carbon，" says Baillie．At present，just 3.6 per cent of the planet's oceans and 14.7 per cent of land is protected by law．At the 2010 Nagoya Conference of the Convention on Biological Diversity，governments agreed to protect 10 per cent of the oceans and 17 per cent of land by 2020．But this isn't nearly enough，says Baillie．In the editorial，he and his coauthor，Ya﹣Ping Zhang of the Chinese Academy of Sciences，want governments to set much bigger （3）at the next major conference on biodiversity in 2020．"We have to enormously（4）our ambition if we want to avoid an extinction crisis and if we want to maintain the ecosystem services that we（5）benefit from，" says Baillie．"The trends are in a （6）direction，it's just we have to move much faster．"It is hard to work out how much space is needed to preserve biodiversity and ecosystem （7），the pair say，because there is so much we don't know about life on Earth ﹣like how many species there are．（8），most estimates suggest that between 25 and 75 percent of high biodiversity regions or major ecosystems should be protected．Therefore，we，including governments，should be（9）when setting goals and strategies．"There is no doubt that we need far more land and sea（10）for conserving and retaining nature，"says James Watson at the University of Queensland in Australia．"Targets like 50 per cent are in the right ball park when it comes to the minimal（11）of area needed to conserve biodiversity．"But Watson and others stress that which areas get protected is even more important than the overall percentage．"The key thing is to protect the right areas，" says Jose Montoya of the Station for Theoretical and Experimental Ecology in Moulis，France．"If we （12）protect a proportion of the territory，governments will likely protect what's easy，and that's usually areas of （13）biodiversity and ecosystem service provision．"In fact，a third of the 3.6 percent of land that is already meant to be protected is actually being （14），Watson's team reported last month．So only（15）areas to be protected isn't enough．（1）A．stricter B．wider C．safer D．simpler（2）A．unique B．sufficient C．critical D．fit（3）A．examples B．values C．awards D．objectives（4）A．increase B．achieve C．lack D．frustrate（5）A．barely B．currently C．roughly D．thoroughly（6）A．opposite B．fixed C．complex D．positive（7）A．approaches B．management C．benefits D．degradation （8）A．Therefore B．Furthermore C．However D．Otherwise（9）A．concerned B．changeable C．firm D．cautious（10）A．deserted B．secured C．measured D．distributed （11）A．damage B．cost C．amount D．standard（12）A．completely B．merely C．virtually D．desperately （13）A．mass B．tropical C．marine D．low（14）A．exploited B．expanded C．restored D．discovered （15）A．developing B．covering C．declaring D．utilizing SectionB4．The summer I turned 16，my father gave me his ‘69 Chevy Malibu convertible（敞篷车）．Beautifullyrepainted with V﹣8 engine﹣it was a gift wasted on me at that age．What did I know about classic cars？The important thing was that Hannah and I could drive around Tucson with the top down．Hannah was my best friend， a year younger but much taller，almost five foot ten．"Hannah's going tobe something，" my mother always said．And sure enough，that summer she signed with a modeling agency．She was already doing catalog and runway work．A month after my birthday，Hannah and I went to the movies．On the way home，westopped at the McDonald's drive﹣through，putting the fries on the seat between us to share．"Let's ride around awhile，" I said．It was a clear night，oven﹣warm，full moon cast low over the desert．Taking a curve too fast，I hit a patch of dirt and slid from side to side．I then cut through a neighbor's landscape wall and drove into a full﹣grown palm．The front wheels came to rest halfway up the tree trunk．French fries on the floor，the dash，and my lap．An impossible amount of blood on Hannah's face，pieces of skin hanging into hereyes．They took us in separate ambulances．In the emergency room，my parents spoke quietly：Best plastic surgeon in the city．End of her modeling career．We'd been wearing leg belts，but the car didn't have shoulder bands．I'd damaged my cheekbone on the wheel；Hannah's forehead had split wide open on the dash．What would I say to her？When her mother，Sharon，came into my hospital room，I started to cry，preparing myself for her anger．She sat beside me and took my hand．"I hit my best friend's car in the rear when I was your age，" she said．"I wrecked her car and mine．" "I'm so sorry，" I said．"You're both alive，" she said．"The rest is windowdressing．" I started to protest，and Sharon stopped me．"I forgive you．Hannah will too．"Sharon's forgiveness allowed Hannah and me to get back in the car together that summer，to stay friends throughout high school and college，to be in each other's weddings，and to watch my four teenagers get along with her three younger children．I think of her gift of forgiveness every time I'm tempted to blame someone in a secret for something recognized as wrong．And whenever I see Hannah，the scars are so faded that no one else would notice，but in the sunlight I can still see the faint shimmer（微光）just below her hairline﹣for me，a sign of grace．（1）Which of the following about Hannah is TRUE according to the passage？A．She was not as badly injured as the author．B．She never really forgave me though her mother did．C．She learned the gift of forgiveness through the accident．D．She could have been a model if she hadn't experienced the accident．（2）In paragraph 4，"window dressing" is closest in meaning to ""．A．insignificantB．colorfulC．undeterminedD．hopeful（3）According to the passage，Sharon comforted the author by．A．showing her own scarB．mentioning her own storyC．visiting the author in personD．teaching the author a personal lesson（4）Which of the following might be the best title of the article？A．A Graceful FriendB．A Lasting FriendshipC．A Lucky Car AccidentD．The Gift of Forgiveness5．Making these easy tasks part of your morning schedule will improve your nutrition，energy，and moodtoday﹣and beyond．6：00 a．m．STRETCH IN BEDTry this even before you open your eyes．Lift one arm and begin by stretching each finger，then yourhand，then your wrist，and then your whole arm．Move on to the other arm．Then stretch your toes，feet，ankles，and legs．Finally，end with a neck and back stretch that propels you out of bed．You've just limbered up your muscles and joints and enhanced blood flow throughout your body，providing a shot of oxygen to all your tissues．Take up the entire length of the bed when you stretch．According to Harvard University psychologist Amy Cuddy，this display of power is typical of a bold person，making you feel more confident all day long．7：00 a．m．EXERCISE A BIT﹣ON AN EMPTY STOMACHWorking out before you eat，researchers say，encourages your body to burn more fat for energy ratherthan relying on carbohydrates from food．In a Journal of Physiology study，participants who exercised after breakfast still gained weight （as did a control group who didn't exercise），but those who exercised on an empty stomach did not．Moreover，research from the University of Vermont shows that the mood﹣enhancing benefits of a 20﹣minute workout can last for 12 hours，a boost you'll want to enjoy all day long．BREAK YOUR FAST TWICEBreakfast is the most important meal of the day，so why not have two？A study published in the journal Pediatric Obesity tracked the weight and breakfast﹣eating patterns of 584 students over two years．They found that frequent breakfast skippers showed increased odds of becoming overweight or obese compared with those who ate two breakfasts （one at home and one at school）．The sensible takeaway：If you eat more in the morning，you'll be less likely to snack at night，when it's harder to burn off calories．8：00 a．m．SEEK OUT GOOD NEWSIn a 2015 study，researchers asked one group of participants to watch just three minutes of positive，solutions﹣focused news （such as a video of a 70﹣year﹣old man who got his graduation certificate after failing the test dozens of times）．These participants were 27 percent more likely to report a few hours later that their day had been "happy" than people who watched negative news in the morning．Study author Gielan also cited substantial evidence that negative moods affect workplace performance．Voila! You've improved your state of mind，your health，and your productivity﹣all before the weekdayhas even begun．Now you're ready to conquer your to﹣do list for today and every day．（1）The article is written to．A．give professional guidance on keeping fitB．reveal some research results about healthC．put forward several suggestions for morning routinesD．offer some tips on how to improve workplace performance（2）It is suggested that you should occupy the entire bed when you stretch because it especially．A．increases your confidenceB．helps you out of bed easilyC．stimulates your blood circulationD．has an effect on your overall health（3）Who is least likely to gain weight according to the article？A．Those who skip breakfasts frequently．B．Those who do morning stretching in bed．C．Those who have double breakfasts in the morning．D．Those who have their breakfast before morning exercise．6．What is the single most effective way to reduce greenhouse﹣gas emissions？Go vegetarian？Replant theAmazon？Cycle to work？None of the above．The answer is：make air﹣conditioners radically better．On one calculation，replacing refrigerants（制冷剂）that damage the atmosphere would reduce total greenhouse gases by the equivalent of 90bn tons of CO2 by 2050．Making the units more energy﹣efficient could double that．Air﹣conditioning is one of the world's great overlooked industries．Automobiles and air﹣conditioners were invented at roughly the same time，and both have had a huge impact on where people live and work．Unlike cars，though，air﹣conditioners have drawn little criticism for their social impact，emissions or energy efficiency．Most hot countries do not have rules to govern their energy use．Yet air﹣conditioning has done quite a lot of things to benefit humankind．It has transformed productivity in the tropics and helped turn southern China into the workshop of the world．In Europe，its spread has pushed down heat﹣related deaths ten times less than what it was in 2003，when around 70，000 people，most of them elderly，died in a heatwave．For children，air﹣conditioned classrooms and dormitories are associated with better grades at school．Environmentalists who call air﹣conditioning "a luxury we cannot afford" have half a point，however．In the next ten years，as many air﹣conditioners will be installed around the world as were put in between1902（when air﹣conditioning was invented）and 2005．Until energy can be produced without carbon emissions，these extra machines will warm the world．At the moment，therefore，air﹣conditioners create a vicious cycle．The more the Earth warms，the more people needthem．But the more there are，the warmer the world will be．Cutting the impact of cooling requires three things（beyond turning up the thermostat（温度调节器）tomake rooms less Arctic）．First，air﹣conditioners must become much more efficient．The most energy﹣efficient models on the market today consume only about one﹣third as much electricity as average ones．Minimum energy﹣performance standards need to be raised，or introduced in countries that lack them altogether，to push the average unit's performance closer to the standard of the best．Next，manufactures should stop using damaging refrigerants．One category of these，hydrofluorocarbons，is over 1，000 times worse than carbon dioxide when it comes to trapping heat in the atmosphere．An international deal to phase out these pollutants，called the Kigali amendment，will come into force in 2019．Foot﹣draggers should approve and implement it；America is one country that has not done so．Last，more could be done to design offices，malls and even cities so they do not need as many air﹣conditioners in the first place．More buildings should be built with overhanging roofs or balconies for shade，or with natural air﹣circulation．Simply painting roofs white can help keep temperatures down．Better machines are necessary．But cooling as an overall system needs to be improved if air﹣conditioners is to fulfill its promise to make people healthier，wealthier and wiser，without too high an environmental cost．Providing indoor shelters of air﹣conditioned comfort need not come at the expense of an overheating world．（1）Why does the author think air﹣conditioning is an overlooked industry？A．Because many hot countries haven't put the energy﹣controlling rules into force．B．Because it has caused the same impact on people's life and work as automobiles have．C．Because it has brought great economic，physical，and educational benefits to humans．D．Because it doesn't get the due criticism for its environmental impact as automobiles do．（2）What can we learn from Paragraph 4？A．The price of air﹣conditioning will go up due to the large demand for it．B．A high environmental cost will come along with the air﹣conditioning service．C．Environmentalists are expecting extra machines which can warm the world．D．Governments partially agree that air﹣conditioning is a luxury we cannot afford．（3）With regard to the measures to cut the impact of cooling，which of the following statements is TRUE？A．Manufacturers should only stop using hydrofluorocarbons．B．People should avoid turning up the air﹣conditioners to have cool rooms on hot days．C．People should adopt more environmentally﹣friendly materials when designing buildings．D．Governments should give a green light to the agreement on eliminating the pollutants．（4）The author writes this passage to．A．arouse people's attention to the global warmingB．appeal for the global joint efforts to combat global warmingC．give credit to air﹣conditioning for its great contributions to humansD．offer a new perspective on how to reduce greenhouse gases emissionsSectionC7．Bill Gates doesn't pretend he lives in an egalitarian（主张平等的）household．When it comes to parenting his three children，the billionaire Microsoft giant readily admits his wife Melinda has done more than her share of the work raising the kids．"My wife does 80%，" Gates told a crowd of Harvard students last Thursday．Gates spent two yearsthere taking math and computer science courses as a pre﹣law student，but never finished up his degree．"Myeldest graduates from Stanford in June，so I'm optimistic she won't fall into myfootsteps，" Gatesjoked．（1）They followed a 1970s "Love and Logic" parenting model．The core idea of the philosophy is centered on the idea of exerting emotional control，essentially minimizing emotional reactions like shouting or scolding kids．（2）Gates admits he and his wife haven't been perfect at carrying out the approach．"Can you get rid of the emotion？You can't totally do it，" he said．Aside from ruling in hot﹣blooded parent tempers，the love and logic model also stresses the importanceof not leaning into rewards for kids，but instead demonstrating unconditional love and admiring kids forwho they are，not what they do （or don't）achieve，like a poor test score．"Many highly successful people struggled with grades as children，" Fay wrote on his site．"（3）"The model is a bit like the ideal method，in that it pushes parents to focus on asking questions of their kids and getting them to think about how to solve their own problems，instead of feeding them answers．（4）．However，he knew he wanted to do things differently with his own kids．It wasn't the only way he set boundaries for his children while they were growing up．None of his kids owned a cell phone until they were 14 years old．And they will each get about ﹩10 million of their parents fortune as inheritance，a mere fraction of the giant's roughly ﹩90billion net worth．"We want to strike a balance where they have the freedom to do anything，but not a lot of money showered on them so they could go out and do nothing，" Gates once told TED．IV.Summarywriting8．Summary writingThe life of a journalist can be exciting．To be in constant pursuit of the latest news demandsa curiositythat can only be rewarded by getting to "where it is happening" as soon as possible．The goal，of course，is to relate what is happening to the public as clearly as possible．However，every journalist must be careful to report not only a vivid picture of what is happening，buta true picture．Each journalist reports his or her own version of what has taken place．Still，thisversion must be an actual account if the reporter is to maintain a reliable reputation．In order to get to the truth in some news stories，a reporter must rely on the statements of someone who is on the inside of the situation．Often this insider will only talk to a reporter if the reporter promises never to reveal the insider's name．The insider usually threatens never to admit meeting with the reporter if his or her name is revealed．Because stories of this nature often involve criminal activity，reporting them becomes a dangerous job．This kind of work involved in obtaining news in this manner serves as an inviting situation for the underworld as well as the legal world．Members of the underworld want to find out who the insider is so that they can keep him or her quiet．Members of the legal world claim that the reporter will obstruct（阻挠）justice if he or she fails to disclose the insider's name．Devotion has given journalism its reputation for reliability ﹣ a reliability that each journalist is expectedto uphold in his or her search for truth．Supplying a truthful account of each day's occurrences is the serious contract made between reporter and the public．I.Translations9．嫌疑人已抓获，所有相关证据已移交警方．（concern）10．众所周知，学习方法因人而异，适合你的不一定适合我．（necessarily）11．我突然想到，我忘记提醒班长集合时间了，随即给他发了一个消息．（It）12．学生表达自我的能力越强，他们就越可能在入学面试中脱颖而出，这促使了他们将练习演讲作为每日常规．（rule）II.Guidedwriting13．高三毕业在即，我校《金苹果》英语报要征集同学交往中的印象深刻的事．请向报纸投稿，叙述你与同学交往中的一件令你印象深刻的事，并谈谈感悟．文中不能透露真实姓名．2018-2019学年上海市浦东新区建平中学高三（上）期中英语试卷参考答案与试题解析II.GrammarandvocabularySectionA1．The mama﹣bear instinctMs．Angela McQueen，a math and PE teacher at Mattoon High School，Illinois，has a routine whenshe's on lunch﹣monitoring duty．She （1）keeps（keep）an eye on the hundreds of students in her charge by walking laps（圈）around the school cafeteria．In September 2017，McQueen，then 40，had hardly finished one lap （2）whena 14﹣year﹣old freshman standing not far from her pulled out a gun．She knew too well thathe was going to start shooting．School employees（3）had been trained（train）on how to handle active shooters：Attack their ability（4）to aim（aim）．So with the shooter's finger on the trigger，McQueen rushed to him．（5）Grabbing（grab）at his arm，she forced the gun into the air，but not （6）before he struck one student in the hand and chest and hurt another．As students ran for the exits，McQueen defeated the shooter with help from the school resource officer，（7）who disarmed the student and took him into imprisonment until police arrived minutes later．Afterward，McQueen went outside to give hugs and support to her shaken students．"It's the mama﹣bear instinct，" she told the local paper．"I don't have kids of my own，but these are still‘（8）my' kids．"（9）Thanks to McQueen，a story that has played out tragically at far too many schools across the country had a relatively happy ending．"If it hadn't been for her，the situation would have been a lot different，" Police Chief Jeff Branson said at a news conference．As one （10）impressed（impress）student told CBS News，"Mr．McQueen is our heroine．"【分析】本文讲述了发生在美国一所学校的枪击事件，幸运的是一位老师凭着"熊妈妈本能"制服了这个杀手，挽救了众多学生的生命．【解答】（1）．keeps；考查谓语动词一般现在时．本句讲述老师每天的工作内容，所以用一般现在时主语是第三人称单数．（2）．when；考查句型．本句运用了had done sth．when 从句句型"刚做了…这时…"此句是"他还没走玩一圈，这时不远处一个青少年拔出了手枪"（3）．had been trained；考查过去完成时的被动语态．train是动词"培训" ，School employees （学校员工）与train是被动关系并且发生在枪击事件发生之前，所以用had been trained．（4）．to aim；考查动词不定式．考查结构"…能力"（the ability to do sth．），aim是动词，所以填写to aim．（5）．Grabbing；考查现在分词短语．此处是非谓语动词，逗号后是一个句子．grab"猛夺，拽"，动词．老师猛拽他胳膊，（同时）把他的枪甩到空中．所以用grabbing主动结构表示伴随，位于句首要用大写首字母．（6）．before；考查连词．字面意思应该是：但是，在手枪击中一个学生的手之前，手枪没有飞上天空，也就是说：手枪击中一个学生的手和胸部并上到另一个学生之后，老师把手枪撞到空中．（7）．who；考查非限制性定语从句．disarmed，缴了…的枪械，动词，谓语，所以空格处填写who做定语从句的主语，指代人．（8）．my；考查形容词性物主代词．根据句意：老师说"我自己没有孩子，但是这些孩子就是'我的'孩子"．（9）．Thanks to；考查词组．Thanks to：多亏句意是：多亏了这位老师，全国很多学校发生的悲剧在这所学校是一个快乐的结局．（10）．impressed；考查过去分词当形容词用法．impressed是形容词来做student的定语，意为：一个（对枪击事件）印象深刻的学生说道…【点评】首先要通读全文，了解大意，抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，仔细分析带空格的句子，明确空格所要填的词义，词型和短语搭配，给出所要填的正确形式，然后整体阅读短文，核对答案．SectionB2．Photography is often perceived as an objective，and therefore unbiased，medium for documenting andpreserving historic moments and national and world histories，and for visualizing and narrating news stories．But the choices made by a photographer ﹣including how the image is （1）B，what is left in or out of the frame，and how it may be cropped，edited，or otherwise altered after it is taken ﹣introduce a point﹣of﹣view into the photograph and （2）E impact how we receive and understand images．Such considerations raise critical questions about how willingly we accept any one photograph as a reflection of （3）A truth．Photographs can bear （4）F to history and even serve as catalysts（催化剂）for change．They can foster sympathy and raise awareness or，（5）C，offer critical commentary on historical people，places，and events．Throughout the history of the medium，photographers have aimed to capture the essence of events they saw with their own eyes﹣though the question of the trustworthiness of their images is always up for debate．Though Dorothea Lange had been operating a successful portrait studio in San Francisco since 1919，she was moved by the homeless people as the Great Depression began to take its toll，and she started photographing them．These photographs led to her being hired by the federal Farm Security Administration（FSA），formed to raise awareness of and provide aid to poor farmers．Lange closely identified with the FSA's mission，which was to（6）D the effects of the Depression on Americans，bringing attention to their struggles so that such events would never recur．Due in part to her work with the FSA，Lange became known as a pioneer of documentary photography，a （7）K she disliked because she felt the term did not reflect the passionate social motivations that fueled her work．Dorothea Lange took this photograph Migrant Mother，Nipomo，California in 1936，while employedby the FSA program．In Nipomo，California，Lange came across Florence Owens Thompson and her children in a camp filled with field workers whose livelihoods were devastated by the failure of the pea crops．Recalling her encounter with Thompson years later，she said，"I。
2019-2020学年上海市建平实验中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案解析
2019-2020学年上海市建平实验中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABest Places to Visit in JulyNorway's FjordsMost travelers prefer to visit Norway's famous fjords (峡湾) in July because Norway has about 23 hours of daylight, giving travelers lots of time to take in the spectacular views of blue water, glaciers and mountains. July is also whenNorway's weather is at its warmest, about18℃, so travelers might include a light sweater in their luggage.Bastille Day inParisJuly 14 is a national day celebrating independence to the French. July 14, 1789, is the day the French stormed the Bastille, aParisprison, and officially began the French Revolution, overthrowing a royal government that often threw people in prison there for no reason at all. While the day is marked all overFrance, the biggest celebration takes place inParis.Masai Mara National ReserveThe thrill of seeing millions of animals wander the plains inKenyais not easily forgotten. One of the most popular months to visit the Masai Mara is in July when the famous wildlife migration reaches the Masai Mara and zebras are at their highest number. The best times to view the animals inKenya's most popular game park are dawn and dusk.Running of the Bulls inPamplonaTravelers who pride themselves on being fast runners may want to head toPamplonain July for the San Femin Festival. A key part of this annual festival is the running of the bulls. Six bulls are released onto a narrow street fora half-mile run, with hundreds of runners seeing if they can run faster than the animals.1. What can visitors do inNorway's in July?A. Enjoy the impressive scenery.B. Swim and fish in the fjords.C. See daylight around the clock.D. Buy heavy sweaters to keep warm.2. Which of the following is of historical significance?A. San Fermin Festival.B. Bastille Day.C. Masai Mara National Reserve.D.Norway's Fjords.3. Where will visitors interested in wild animals go?A. Norway.B. Paris.C. Masai Mara.D.Pamplona.BMedha Gupta sometimes felt worried about making the 20-minute walk from the corner where the school bus dropped her off to her home in Herndon -especially during the colder months in winter.Her mother, Divya Gupta had a suggestion: write an app. Shewas half-kidding,but Medha didn't take the challenge lightly. So she set out to work.The result was Safe Travel, an app designed by Medha to help walkers feel more secure when travelling alone. Using the iPhone, a person can program it to send a warning to someone he or she trusts if he or she fails to arrive at a destination within a certain time.It was the first iOS app that Medha had created. While she didn't think much would come from the project, her effort caught the eye of judges for the annual Congressional App. Challenge, who selected her as the winner for Virginia's 10th District.The App Challenge is designed to encourage students to consider careers in science, technology, engineering, and math by experimenting with coding and computer science. Winning students are invited lo attend a reception on Capitol Hill in April and also received $250 in Amazon Web Service credits.Medha said it took her about 40 hours to design, program and test the app. As for her next app? Medha's not certain. She temporarily has her app-development ambitionson holdbecause she's busy teaching herself artificial intelligence to help deal with improper words on Facebook. Yes,she knows that there are teams of engineers probably doing the same thing. But she figures it can't hurt her own part, too.“If we see something wrong with the world, we should do something about it,” she said. “After all, the only one stopping us from doing something is ourselves. ”4. Why did Medha Gupta feel worried?A. It took a long time to walk home.B. It was difficult to write an app.C. It was colder than ever in winter.D. It was unsafe to walk home alone.5. What is Medha's attitude to her mother's challenge?A. Serious.B. Casual.C. Uncertain.D. Indifferent.6. What does the underlined phrase “on hold” in Paragraph 6 mean?A. Developed.B. Delayed.C. Achieved.D. Satisfied.7. What's the main idea of the text?A. Medha signed up for the App Challenge.B. Medha designed Safe Travel successfully.C. An app Safe Travel guides walkers home.D. The App Challenge directs students to choose careers.CBe it from the mouths of foreigners who have lived here for a few years or from stories on travel websites, one of the most common qualities that people list about Shanghai is the infectious energy that courses through the city.For some, this energy is defined by the way of life—Shanghai is a city that never sleeps. In the day, the streets arc always bustling with people from all over the world. After all, the city has long been China’s most cosmopolitan city, having been the epicenter of trade and cultural exchange between Chinese and foreigners since the city was forced to open its door to the world in 1843 after the First Opium War (1840-42).Shanghai’s ubiquitous delivery people can be found on the roads even past midnight, rushing from point to point on their trusty electric scooters to satiate the hunger of night owls. Even before the break of dawn, pensioners can be found gathering in parks, ready to kick start their day with a tai chi session.For others, this energy is generated from the friction between the contrasts the city has. Indeed, it does not take long for one to realize that Shanghai's charmlies in it being a binary of old and new.Here, charming neoclassical architecture and art deco structures stand alongside modem buildings with shimmering glass and metal facades, rustic (质朴的)lane houses and shikumen buildings. Humble mom-and-pop shops that look stuck in time can often be found right next tohipdining venues or industrial-chic fashion stores selling designer apparel.One of the best places to get an overview of these surreal contrasts is none other than the tallest building in the city — the Shanghai Tower in Lujiazui. Measuring a dizzying 632 meters in height, this architectural marvel boasts having the world's highest observation deck within a building or structure. It also comes with the world's fastest elevators which would get you from the bottom to the top at 20.5 meters per second.On the other side of the Huangpu River is where you would find the Bund, which is home to magnificent neoclassical buildings. The Bund is to Shanghai what Times Square is to New York or what the Champs-61ysees is to Paris. A trip to Shanghai would not be complete without exploring this iconic waterfront promenade.Autumn is the best time to experience Shanghai on foot, not merely because the weather is conducive for walking, but because this is when the roads and sidewalks in many areas are blanketed with a layer of color1 ful fallen leaves.8. Why is the example of delivery man mentioned?A. To make a contrast with pensioners’ biological clock.B. To illustrate the vibrant energy of modern Shanghai.C. To highlight the diligence and consideration of delivery man.D. To feature the courier delivery service in full swing.9. Which of the following is TRUE about the contrast of Shanghai?A. The contrast mainly arises from the First Opium War.B. The design of the Shanghai Tower stands for a contrast.C. A marked contrast is shown in the use of building materials.D. The dishes served in mom-and-pop shops represent the outdated flavor.10. The underlined word “hip” in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to________.A. photographicB. modestC. peculiarD. stylish11. Which of the following will be most probably discussed following the last paragraph?A. Stunning views of the Shanghai skyline.B. The best places to view the seasonal spectacle.C. The walking path thathugs the Huangpu River.D. Must-try dishes and food items typical of Shanghai.DI was at my parent’s dinner table. Before me was a worn journal of thin and discolor1 ed pages. It was my grandfather’s journal and now belonged to my father. My grandfather had passed away in the months leading up to my birth. I never got to visit the places he had frequented and the people who had been a part of his life’s journey.I was now about to enter his world, through the words he had left behind. Within minutes, I wascaptivatedby the power of the written words. In the magical script (笔迹) before me, I was transported to another age when food was an everyday art, planned, prepared and enjoyed in the company of others, and a time when people had the heart to pause their own lives to embrace (拥抱) each other’s struggles. All this was conveyed to me in the beauty of the words that flowed together to connect with the writer’s mind and understand the world they livedin.That kind of writing seems to be lost on us today. We have gotten used to writing in bite-sized pieces for a public looking for entertainment, and hungry for information. No wonder, there are nearly 200 million bloggers on the Internet and a new blog is created somewhere in the world every half a second. Instead of adding to our collective wisdom, most of these writings reflectthe superficiality (肤浅) and impatience of our day and age.This not only robs us of the skill of writing impressive essays, it also prevents us from exploring what is indeed important. Writing humbles (使谦卑) us in a way that is vital for our character growth, by reminding us about the limits of the self and our appropriate place in the vast flow of life. Writing frees us by helping us explore the unknown so that we really open up to magic of the world around us. I saw all of this in the writing of my grandfather. And I’ve seen it again and again in the writings of the greatest thinkers of humanity. Their writing reflect deep thought on issues of human importance.12. The underlined word “captivated” in the second paragraph can be replaced by “________”.A. puzzledB. frightenedC. attractedD. defeated13. In the author’s grandfather’s age, people ________.A. lived a hard lifeB. cared about each otherC. were fond of writingD. treated food as an art14. The author begins the text with her grandfather’s journal in order to ________.A. show her respect to her grandfatherB. present the importance of good writingC. express her interest in reading as well as writingD. raise the problems with today’s writing15. In the last paragraph, the author is trying to _________.A. discuss what good writing is likeB. express her strong desire to learn writing skillsC. stress the effects of her grandfather’s journal on herD. show her admiration for her grandfather’s writing第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
建平中学2019届高三英语期中测试
建平中学2019届高三英语期中测试2018.11第I卷（共100分）Ⅰ. Listening (略)II. Grammar & vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Last year, a report by a committee of education experts said that a lot of American students cannot write well. The report noted the concerns of business leaders and teachers. The experts said that more students should have to pass a writing test (21) they can finish high school. They pointed out that major college entrance tests are changing now (22) (include) a writing part.Educators know that teaching students to write well is not easy. One problem is the amount of time needed to read through large amounts of work. So some companies (23)（develop）computer programs that can grade student writing much more quickly than a person can. Writing tests can also cost (24) (little) to carry out by computer than paper-and-pencil. These computer systems ,known as e-readers, use artificial (人工的) intelligence to think in a way(25) teachers. For two years, both a computer and humans graded the student writing. Officials say there was almost no difference between the computer grades and (26)given by the human readers.The entrance test commonly (27)(use) by business schools, the GMAT, already uses e-readers. The GRE and TOEFL tests might start; officials are deciding.Systems (28)(use) to grade writing in college classes as well. The computers read a few hundred examples of student writing already graded by humans. Then the systems compare new writings against those already examined.Some teachers say machines can never do the job as well as people can. A computer can find spelling and grammar mistakes. But these teachers say it can never really understand (29)a writer is trying to say. Critics say a program cannot follow a thought or judge humor or understand a beautifully expressed idea.But inventors of the programs say computer grading guarantees that each piece of writing is graded in the same way. They also say the systems (30) (mean) to judge knowledge more than creativity.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word choose from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that is one word than you need.A.controlledB. unconsciouslyC. flowedD. yieldsE. typicalF. accumulatedG.peculiar H. properties I. pyramid J. distinct K. logicalBotany, the study of plants, occupies a(an) 31.__________ position in the history of human knowledge. We don’t know what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of pre-industrial societies that still exist, a detailed learning of plants and their properties must extremely ancient. This is 32.__________ . Plants are the basis of the food 33.__________ for all living things, even for other plants. They have always been enormously important to the welfare of peoples, not only for food, but also for clothing, weapons, tools, eyes, medicines, shelter, and a great many other purposes. Tribes living today in the jungles of the Amazon recognized accurately hundreds of plants and know many 34.__________ of each. To them, botany, as such, has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of knowledge at all.Unfortunately, the more industrialized we become the farther away we move from direct contact with plants, and the less 35.__________ our knowledge of botany grows. Yet everyone comes 36.__________ on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge, and few people will fail to recognize a rose, an apple, or an orchid. When our Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer 37.__________ the next season, the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken. Grains were discovered and from them 38.__________ the marvel of agriculture; cultivated crops. From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the 39.__________ production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild and the 40.__________ knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience and close relationship with plants in the wild would begin fade away.II . ReadingSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Scientists in Norway have more good news for coffee drinkers. Researchers have already found evidence that the drink or the beans can help with weight loss, (41) one’s risk of developing s ome disease, promote muscle growth, protect against certain types of cancers, and can even reduce one’s risk of premature death, among many other (42).Now comes word that a cup of (43) reduces physical pain.The surprising finding is (44) a study involving 48 volunteers who agreed to spend 90 minutes performing fake computer tasks meant to finish office work. The tasks were known to (45) pain in the shoulders, neck, forearms and wrists. The researchers wanted to (46)how people with pain and those who were pain-free tolerated the tasks. As a matter of convenience, the scientists allowed people to drink coffee before taking the test “to avoid (47) effects of caffeine deprivation, e.g. decreased vigor and alertness, sleepiness, and fatigue,” they reported.But when it came time to analyze the da ta, the researchers from Norway’s National Institute of Occupational Health and Oslo University Hospital noticed that the 19 people who drank coffee reported a lower (48) of pain than the 29 people who didn’t. In the shoulders and neck, (49) , the average pain was rated 41 (on a 100-point scale) among the coffee drinkers and 55 for the no coffee drinkers. Similar gaps were found for all pain sites measured, and coffee's apparent pain-reduction effect (50).The authors of the study, which was published this week in the journal BMC Research Notes, warn that the results of the study come with many (51). For starters, the researchers don’t know how much coffee the coffee-drinkers drank before taking the computer tests. (52) , they doubt that the coffee drinkers and abstainers were (53) in all respects except for their coffee consumption. Problems like these tend to (54) the importance of the findings. But those doubt are (55) to trouble the coffee drinkers looking for any reason not to cut back on their daily caffeine habit.41.A. takeB. reduceC. increaseD. face4 2. A. profits B. advises C. benefits D.promotions43.A. milkB. waterC. cokeD. coffee4 4. A. based on B. fond of C.different from D.qualifiedfor45.A. causeB. endureC. easeD. relieve46.A. warnB. compareC. cureD. treat47.A. unpleasantB. modestC. significantD. positive4 8. A. tendency B. intention C. intensity D.extension4 9. A. on the contrary B. as a result C. for instance D. in oneword50.A. turned upB. took upC. put upD. gave up5 1. A. satisfaction B. uncertainties C. consequences D.qualifications5 2. A. Moreover B. However C. Otherwise D.Nevertheless5 A. contemporary B. similar C. different D. initial3.54.A. realizeB. attachC. demonstrateD. weaken5 5. A. unlikely B. sensible C. jealous D.miserableSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Everyone gathered around and Paddy read out loud, slowly, his tone growing sadder and sadder. The little headline said: BOXER RECEIVES LIFF SENTENCE.Frank Cleary, aged 26, professional boxer, was today found guilty of the murder of Albert Gumming, aged 32, laborer, last July. The jury reached its decision after only ten minutes, recommending the most severe punishment to the court. It was, said the Judge, a simple case. Cumming and Cleary had quarreled violently at the Harbour Hotel on July 23rd and police saw Cleary kicking at the head of the unconscious Gumming. When arrested, Cleary was drunk but clear-thinking．Cleary was sentenced to life imprisonment with hard labour. Asked if he had anything to say, Cleary answered, "Just don’t tell my mother."" It happened over three years ago," Paddy said helplessly. No one answered him or moved, for no one knew what to do. "Just don’t tell my mother," said Fee numbly. "And no one did! Oh, God! My poor, poor Frank!"Paddy wiped the tears from his face and said. "Fee, pack your things. We’ll go to see him."She half-rose before sinking back, her eyes in her small white face stared as if dead. "I can’t go," she said without a hint of pain, yet making everyone feel that the pain was there. "It would kill him to see me. I know him so well—his pride, his ambition. Let him bear the shame alone, it’s what he wants. We’ve got to help him keep his secr et. What good will it do him to see us?"Paddy was still weeping, not for Frank, but for the life which had gone from Fee’s face, for the dying in her eyes. Frank had always brought bitterness and misfortune, always stood between Fee and himself. He was the cause of her withdrawal from his heart and the hearts of his children. Every time it looked as if there might be happiness for Fee, Frank look it away. But Paddy’s love for her was as deep and impossible to wipe out as hers was for Frank.So he said, "We ll, Fee, we won’t go. But we must make sure he is taken care of. How about if I write to Father Jones and ask him to look out for Frank?"There was no excitement in the eyes, but a faint pink stole into her cheeks." Yes, Paddy, do that. Only make sure he k nows not to tell Frank we found out. Perhaps it would ease Frank to think for certain that we don’t know."56. Paddy cried because he thought ______．A．Frank did kill someone and deserved the punishmentB．Frank should have told Fee what had happenedC．what had happened to Frank was killing FeeD．Frank had always been a man of bad moral character57. The underlined sentence "She half-rose before sinking back…" in Paragraph 6 shows that .A．Fee was so heart-broken that she could hardly stand upB．Fee didn’t want to upset Paddy by visiting FrankC．Fee couldn’t leave her family to go to see FrankD．Fee struggled between wanting to see Frank and respecting his wish58. What can be inferred from the passage?A. The jury and the judge agreed on the Boxer’s Sentenc e of Life Imprisonment.B. The police found Gumming unconscious, heavily struck by Frank.C. The family didn’t find out what had happened to Frank until 3 years later.D. Frank didn’t want his family to know the sentence to him, most probably out of his pr ide.59. What is Frank and Paddy’s probable relationship with Fee?A. Frank is Fee’s son and Paddy is Fee’s brother.B. Frank is Fee’s son and Paddy is Fee’s husband.C. Frank is Fee’s brother and Paddy is Fee’s lover.D. Frank is Fee’s lover and Paddy is Fee’s husband.(B)Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre and Exhibition TourOverviewShakespeare's Globe Exhibition is the world's largest exhibition devoted to Shakespeare. Located beneath the reconstructed Globe Theatre on London's Bankside, the exhibition explores the remarkable story of the Globe, and brings Shakespeare's world to life using a range of interactive displays and live demonstrations.Highlights●Tour the reconstructed Globe Theatre and see how plays were staged in Shakespeare's day●All-day access to the interactive Globe Exhibition●Actors, recordings and interactive displays bring Shakespeare's world to lifeScheduleApril 23 to October 99:00am to 5:00pm. On Monday, tours run all day. Tuesday to Saturday, last tour departs at 12:30pm and at 11:30am on Sunday due to performances taking place on these days.October 10 to March 3110:00am to 5:00pm.Important noteRehearsals will also take place throughout the Theatre Season. Please note that access to the Globe Theatre may be restricted and there may be occasions when the Globe tours are unable to run. When the Globe tours are not available, Rose or Bankside tours can be offered instead.Additional info●Inclusions: Entrance fee and all day access to ExhibitionGuided tour of Shakespeare's Globe Theatre (maximum 50 people)●Exclusions: Hotel pickup and drop offFood and drinks, unless specifiedPricingClick the link below to check pricing & availability on your preferred travel date. Our pricing is constantly updated to ensure you always receive the lowest price possible --- we 100% guarantee it.VIEW PRICING AND AVAILABILITY60. The passage can be found ___________.A. in a newspaperB. in a magazineC. on the InternetD. in a guidebook61. In this Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre Tour, we can _________.A. visit the original Globe TheatreB. enjoy a British afternoon tea for freeC. experience Shakespeare’s world in an interactive wayD. visit the exhibition in the Globe Theatre62. What is true about the tour according to the passage?A. Rehearsals may affect the tour.B. The pricing remains the same.C. Performances take place throughout the year.D. The opening hours are the same in May and in November.(C)The power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy is astonishing—Amazon has just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for$13.5bn，but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service，which doesn’t have any physical product at all. What WhatsApp offered Facebook was an intricate and finely detail ed web of its users’ friendships and social lives．Facebook promised the European commission then that it would not link phone numbers to Facebook identities，but it broke the promise almost as soon as the deal went through．Even without knowing what was in the messages，the knowledge of who sent them and to whom was enormously revealing and still could be．What political journalist，what party whip，would not want to know the makeup of the WhatsApp groups in which Theresa May’s enemies are currently plotting? It may be that the value of Whole Foods to Amazon is not so much the 460 shops it owns, but the records of which customers have purchased what.Competition law appears to be the only way to address these imbalances of power．But it is clumsy. For one thing, itis very slow compared to the pace of change within the digital economy. By the time a problem has been addressed and remedied it may have vanished in the marketplace, to be replaced by new abuses of power．But there is a deeper conceptual problem, too. Competition law as presently interpreted deals with financial disadvantage to consumers and this is not obvious when the users of these services don’t pay for them．The users of their services are not their customers．That would be the people who buy advertising from them—and Facebook and Google，the two virtual giants，dominate digital advertising to the disadvantage of all other media and entertainment companies．The product they’re selling is data，and we，the users，convert our lives to data for the benefit of the digital giants. Just as some ants farm the bugs called aphids for the honeydew they produce when they feed, so Google farms us for the data that our digital lives yield．Ants keep predatory insects away from where their aphids feed; Gmail keeps the spamm ers out of our inboxes. It doesn’t feel like a human or democratic relationship，even if both sides benefit．63. According to Paragraph 1, Facebook acquired WhatsApp for its____ .A . digital productser informationC.physical assetsD.quality service64. Linking phone numbers to Facebook identities may____ .A. worsen political disputesB. mess up customer recordsC. pose a risk to Facebook usersD. mislead the European commission65. Competition law as presently interpreted can hardly protect Facebook users because____ .A. they are not defined as customersB. they are not financially reliableC. the services are generally digitalD. the services are paid for by advertisers66. The author use the metaphor of the ants in the last paragraph to illustrate____ .A. a win-win business model between digital giantsB. a typical competition pattern among digital giantsC. the benefits provided for digital giants ’customersD. the relationship between digital giants and their usersSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.You might wonder what one conscious portion of rice could do for your whole body.B.Americans are lucky to be exposed to lower levels of arsenic.C.This poisonous element is in a wide range of food---including fruits, vegetables and grains.D.Until more studies are done, curb your consumption of arsenic.E.Brown rice appears to be the most effective whole grain for the healthy growth of human beings, but its darker color can easily absorb too much arsenic.F.Brown rice tends to have more arsenic because the metal concentrates in the outer layers, which are burnished off in white rice.We Americans ingest an average of 25 pounds of rice a year---and a portion of that comes from drinking beer. Yes, rice is a sample in our diet. But is it a safe one ? Consumer Reports recently found “troubling” levels of inorganic arsenic, a known human carcinogen (a substance which can cause cancer), in almost every rice-containing food it tested. ________67________. But rice takes up arsenic from soil and water more readily than other grains do.Health-conscious consumes rely on brown rice, which has even more arsenic. In the Consumer Reports test, a quarter cup of uncooked white rice had from 4 to 10 micrograms. Why the difference? ________68________.What about rice cakes? They contained from 2 to 8 micrograms per serving, while hot and ready-to-eat rice cereals had 2 to 7 micrograms. These levels are at least five times higher than those found in other cereals, such as oatmeal.Studies show that people exposed to large amounts of arsenic for many years are more likely to die of cancer. In Bangladesh, people who drank tap water that contained 50 to 149 micrograms of arsenic per liter for 20 or 30 years, for example, were 44 percent more likely to die of cancer. ________69________ (The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency limits the total amount of arsenic in drinking water to 10 micrograms per liter.) But our total risk is unclear. There isn’t enough data to set a limit on inorganic arsenic in food, says the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Science.The Bottom Line. ________70________ Consumer Reports recommends that adults eat no more than 11to 22cups of cooked (brown or white) rice a week. And here is a way to lessen risk: Rinse your rice, cook it in six parts water to one part rice until it reaches eating texture, and then pour off the extra water. This can remove about half the arsenic. IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The benefits of having a higher education are manifold（多样的）and range from financial to cultural and from common benefits to some unexpected surprises, below you will find a number of reasons which will help to serve as justification for a higher education.For many high school students, it is hard to imagine what the long term benefits of a college education might be. College is demanding; the work seems challenging, and meeting all new people seems overwhelming. However, what most young people do not realize is that there is a high likelihood at college that you will find new friends with similar interests and values, You may find yourself developing new interests by getting along with those who have completely different life experiences. As opportunity to get to know your professors can also be counted one of the benefits of having a college education. These intellectuals can be counted on to welcome questions and discussion from students. Therefore, one of the key benefits of a college education is the social bonds created and developed during this unique time in a person’s life.Besides, the fact that you’ll be building a career for the rest of your life is reason enough to make time for a college education. Indeed, a clear benefit of a college education is that not only will it give you time to better know your likes and dislikes before entering the labor force, it will also enhance the likelihood of a more successful career for you. Many young people are uncertain about a career path at the start of college. This is a time of exploration, and taking the time to explore a variety of college majors is time well spent.One more justification for higher education could be that its best way to enhance yourself in an all-round way. Getting a good education may be the most important price you can pay for your personal advancement, because perhaps more than anything else, what you do with that huge gray material between your ears will determine your future. You never know where your talent could reach. So higher education can provide you can with the chance to realize your personal value.Therefore never undervalue the benefits of entering a higher education, which surely will bring you something beyond expectation.第II卷（共100分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.他排了好几个小时的队才买到这个新出的iPhone。
2019-2020学年上海市建平中学高三英语上学期期中试题及答案解析
2019-2020学年上海市建平中学高三英语上学期期中试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AChildren under the age of 18 will be allowed up to three hours per week to play video games, according to a notice issued by China's National Press and Publication Administration. Online game companies are required to provide services to minors — from8 to 9 p. m. on Fridays, Saturdays, Sundays and legal holidays — as a way to safeguard their physical and mental health. Children are playing more and more online games these days. Is it time to limit their online gaming time? What role do parents have? Readers share their opinions.RizlaredOnline games are addictive, but if children are taught how to manage in a sensible and responsible manner then it is no longer a threat(威胁).To achieve this, parents need to set examples for not being glued to their phones. Teaching is and always will be the best solution to such problems.AndrewGood policy. By limiting time spent on online games, kids can spend time doing more useful things to develop their potential. They can go outside and run, jump and swim instead of sitting on a couch at home and playing with a smart phone.AdamIt is often seen that parents argue with children over cellphones. Most parents can hardly set and enforce the time limit for its daily usage. Some forcibly take away their cellphones, but it will ruin trust and relationship. Even worse, it will make their kids hate them.PinkExcessive(过度的）gaming is purely a waste of time and energy for minors and has a negative effect on both physical and mental health. The gaming industry should not put profit- flaking interests as its priority (优先事项) . They should act in a socially responsible way toprovide an environment for children to ensure their well-being and development.LaurenThere would be a loophole(漏洞). Children could use their parents’ or other adults’ IDs to avoid real-name registration, thus making it impossible to put this policy in effect. Parents ly need to strengthen guidance andsupervision to keep their children from gaming addiction.1. What should kids do according to Andrew?A. Play online games.B. Play with a smart phone.C. Study all the time.D. Go in for outside activities.2. What does Pink advise the gaming industry to do?A. Pay attention to its profit.B. Focus on kids’ health.C. Be responsible for kids’ surroundings.D. Persuade kids lo play more games.3. What role do parents have according to the passage?A. They keep hold of their phones.B. They set examples for their kids.C. They limit their kids’ time.D. They blame kids for addiction.BLast year, 138,000San Franciscoresidents used Airbnb, a popular app designed to connect home renters and travelers. It’s a striking number for a city with a population of about 850,000, and it was enough for Airbnb to win a major victory in local elections, asSan Franciscovoters struck down a debatable rule that would have placed time restrictions and other regulations on short-term rental services.The company fiercely opposed the measure, Proposition F, with a nearly $10 million advertising campaign. It also contacted its San Franciscan users with messages urging them to vote against Proposition F.Most people think of Airbnb as a kind of couch-surfing app. The service works for one-night stays on road trips and longer stays in cities, and it often has more competitive pricing than hotels. It’s a textbook example of the “sharing economy”, but not everyone is a fan.The app has had unintended consequences inSan Francisco. As the San Francisco Chronicle reported last year, a significant amount of renting on Airbnb is not in line with the company’s image: middle-class families putting up a spare room to help make ends meet. Some users have taken advantage of the service, using it to turn their multiple properties into vacation rentals or even full-time rentals. Backers of Proposition F argued that this trend takes spaces off the conventional, better-regulated housing market and contributes to rising costs.“The fact is, widespread abuse of short-term rentals is taking much needed housing off the market and harming our neighborhoods,” said ShareBetter SF, a group that supported Proposition F. Hotel unions have protested the company’s practices inSan Franciscoand other cities, saying that it creates an illegal hotel system.San Franciscois in the middle of a long-term, deeply rooted housing crisis that has seen the cost of living explode. Actually, explode is a generous term. The average monthly rent for an apartment is around $4, 000.Located on a narrow outcropping of land overlooking the bay,San Franciscosimply doesn’t have enough space to accommodate the massive inflow of young, high-salaried tech employees flocking toSilicon Valley.As the Los Angeles Times reported, someSan Franciscoresidents supported the measure simply because it seemed like a way to check a big corporation. Opponents of Proposition F countered that the housing crisis runs much deeper, and that passing the rule would have discouraged a popular service while doing little to solve the city’s existing problems.4. The intention of Proposition F is to ________.A. place time limits in local election.B. set limits on short-term rental.C. strike down a controversial rule.D. urge users to vote against Airbnb.5. What is the negative consequence of Airbnb onSan Francisco?A. It shrinks the living space of middle-class families.B. Users are taken advantage of by the service financially.C. It makes the house market more competitive.D. It indirectly leads to high house rental price.6. The housing crisis inSan Franciscoresults from ________.A. explosion of the living costB. its geographic characteristicsC. generosity of local enterprisesD. inflow of migrant population7. Theauthor’s attitude toward Proposition F is ________.A. objectiveB. supportiveC. negativeD. indifferentCDolores Huerta has worked hard most of her life to help other people. She has helped change things so that others can have a better life.Dolores grew up in California. She was a good student and liked school. After she finished high school, she went to college and studied to be a teacher. After college, she became a teacher. Dolores noticed that many of her students were not getting enough food to eat. Some of them wore very old clothes. Dolores wondered how she could help them.Dolores liked teaching but she decided to quit her job so that she could spend more time helping her students and their families. One thing she wanted to do was to get more pay for their parents, farm workers. Thus they could buy their children what they needed.Dolores knew that many farm workers moved often from one place to another to help pick different kinds of fruits and vegetables, like grapes and tomatoes. She began talking and writing about these workers. Even people who lived far from California read what Dolores wrote. Getting higher pay for the farm workers was not easy. Dolores worked hard to make sure that farm workers got fair pay for their work. She knew that nothing would change unless new laws were made to help the workers. Through all her hard work, new laws were passed that gave farm workers fair pay.Dolores Huerta has worked for more than 30 years in many different ways to make life better for working people. She has shown how much one person can change things.8. What did Dolores find about her students?A. They worked hard to make a living.B. They lived far away from schools.C. They had little time to play.D. They were hungry sometimes.9. Why did Dolores stop teaching?A. She wished to be a lawyer.B. She moved to another place.C. She wanted to help her students more.D. She got little money by teaching.10. Thanks to Dolores’ great effort, the farm workers ________.A. got better jobsB. got fair payC. had more time offD. had a settled way of life11. What is the main idea of the passage?A. One person can make big changes.B. One can change their jobs often.C. One person can work hard for others.D. One can make life better by themselves.DIn the summer of 2016, I gave a talk at a small conference in northernVirginia. I began by admitting that I’d never had a social-media account; I then outlined arguments for why other peopleshould consider removing social media from their lives. The event organizers uploaded the video of my talk to YouTube. Then it was shared repeatedly on Facebook and Instagram and, eventually, viewed more than five million times. I was both pleased and annoyed by the fact that my anti-social-media talk had found such a large audience on social media.I think of this event as typical of the love-hate relationships many of us have with Facebook, Instagram, and other social-media platforms. On the one hand, we’ve grown cautious about the so-called attention economy,which, in the name of corporate(公司的) profits, destroys social life gradually and offends privacy. But we also benefit from social media and hesitate to break away from it completely. Not long ago, Imet a partner at a large law firm in Washington, D.C., who told me that she keeps Instagram on her phone because she misses her kids when she travels; looking through pictures of them makes her feel better.In recent months, some of the biggest social-media companies, Facebook and Twitter, in particular, have promised various reforms. In March, Mark Zuckerberg announced a plan to move his platform toward private communication protected by end-to-end encryption(端对端加密); later that month, he put forward the establishment of a third-party group to set standards for acceptable content.All of these approaches assume that the reformation of social media will be a complex, lengthy, and gradual process. But not everyone sees it that way. Alongside these official responses, a loose collective of developers that calls itself the IndieWeb has been creating another alternative. They are developing their own social-media platforms, which they say will preserve what’s good about social media while getting rid of what’s bad. They hope to rebuild social media according to principles that are less corporate and more humane(人道的).12. Why did the author feel annoyed when his video was spread online?A. His video caused many arguments.B. His video was shared without his permission.C. His talk was opposed by a large amount of people.D. His video’s popularity on social media is against his talk.13. Why does the author mention the story of his partner in paragraph 2?A. To prove that social media has some benefits.B. To advise people to break away from social media.C. To tell the negative effects social media may produce.D. To describe people’s complicated relationships with social media.14. What is the purpose of the reform made by some social-media companies?A. To attract more users.B. To improve network environment.C. To make more profits.D. To provide more convenientservice.15. What does the IndieWeb intend to do?A. Develop new social-media platforms.B. Remove social media from people’s lives.C. Improve the existing social-media principles.D. Help social-media companies to make reformation.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
精品解析：2018-2019学年上海市浦东新区建平中学高三（上）期中英语试卷（解析版）
1 2018-2019学年上海市浦东新区建平中学高三（上）期中英语试卷注意事项：1答题前，务必先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡的指定位置上。
2答题时使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔或碳素笔书写，字体工整，笔迹清楚。
3请按照题号在各题的答题区域（黑色线框内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。
4保持卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损。
II.GrammarandvocabularySectionA 1．The mama ﹣bear instinct Ms ．Angela McQueen ，a math and PE teacher at Mattoon High School ，Illinois ，has a routine when she's on lunch ﹣monitoring duty ．She___1___ （keep ）an eye on the hundreds of students in her charge by walking laps （圈）around the school cafeteria ．In September 2017，McQueen ，then 40，had hardly finished one lap___2___ a 14﹣year ﹣old freshman standing not far from her pulled out a gun ．She knew too well that he was going to start shooting ．School employees___3___（train ）on how to handle active shooters ：Attack their ability___4___ （aim ）．So with the shooter's finger on the trigger ，McQueen rushed to him ．___5___（grab ）at his arm ，she forced the gun into the air ，but not___6___ he struck one student in the hand and chest and hurt another ．As students ran for the exits ，McQueen defeated the shooter with help from the school resource officer ，___7___ disarmed ___7___ disarmed the student and the student and took him into imprisonment until police arrived minutes later ．Afterward ，McQueen went outside to give hugs and support to her shaken students ．"It's the mama ﹣bear instinct ，" she told the local paper ．"I don't have kids of my own ，but these are still‘still‘___8___' kids ___8___' kids ．" ___9___ McQueen ，a story that has played out tragically at far too many schools across the country had a relatively happy ending ．"If it hadn't been for her ，the situation would have been a lot different ，" Police Chief Jeff Branson said at a news conference ．As one___10___ （impress ）student told CBS News ，"Mr ．McQueen is our heroine ．" 【答案】1. keeps 2. when 3. had been trained 4. to aim 5. grabbing 6. before 7. who 8. my 9. Thanks to 10. impressed 【解析】【分析】【分析】这是应用文。
2019-2020学年上海市建平实验中学高三英语上学期期中试题及答案解析
2019-2020学年上海市建平实验中学高三英语上学期期中试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AF the Art World competition.Prize -The winner of each type will get the chance to display their artworks in a week-long exhibition inChelsea,New York..Eligibility - Open to artists all over the world..Entry Fee(参赛费)-$24 for a maximum of 3 submitted(提交的)photos..Date of Exhibition - From 25thApril to 2ndMay.F the Art World is an international art competition organized by which is quite unusual, compared to other competitions. The artworks are not judged on the basis of creativity and skill. Instead, they're judged by the depth of the subject matter. The subject this year is “A Competition About Change”, where artists can try and show how they'd like to change humanity in a good way.Notes*For this competition, there are three types for submissions, namely: street art, fine art, and digital art.*Each type will have a winner as chosen by the organizers and all the winners will have the wonderful chance to exhibit their works at the Unarthodox Gallery inNew Yorkin a week-long exhibition.*All the winners will also receive 100% of the sale price when any of their artworks are sold!Winners will also be displayed on the website and the entrants' artworks will also be displayed in the opening ceremony(仪式)as well.1.What is special about F the Art World Competition?AIt is free to attend.B.It lasts for over a week.C.It is open to artists inNew York.D.It centers on the depth of the artworks.2.What will the winners get?A.Prize money.B.A chance to visit an exhibition.C.A written judgement of their artworks.D.Money from the sale of their artworks.3.Where will the entrants' artworks be shown?A.In the street.B.In the opening ceremony.C.On the website.D.At the market.BClara Daly was seated on an Alaska Airlines flight from Boston to Los Angeles when a flight attendant asked an urgent(紧急的) question over the loudspeaker: “Does anyone on board know American Body Language?” She knew she needed to help.Clara, 15 at the time, pressed the call button. The flight attendant came by and explained the situation. “We have a passenger on the plane who’s blind and deaf,” she said. The passenger seemed to want something, but he was traveling alone and the flight attendants couldn’t understand what he needed, according to PEOPLE magazine.Clara had been studying ASL for the past year to help with her dyslexia (阅读障碍) and knew she’d be able to spell on the man’s palm(手掌) by finger. So she unbuckled her seat belt, walked toward the front of the plane, and knelt by the aisle seat of Tim Cook, then 64. Gently taking his hand, she wrote, “How are you? Are you OK?” Cook asked for some water. When it arrived, Clara returned to her seat. She came by again a bit later because he wanted to know the time. On her third visit, she stopped and stayed for a while.“He didn’t need anything. He was lonely and wanted to talk,” Clara said. So for the next hour, that was what they did. She talked about her family and her plans for the future (she wants to be a politician). Cook told Clara how he had gradually become blind over time and shared stories of his days as a traveling salesman. Even though he couldn’t see her, she “looked attentively at his face with such kindness”, a passenger reported.“Clara was amazing,” a flight attendant told Alaska Airlines in a blog interview. “You could tell Cook was very excited to have someone he could speak to, and she was such a warm-hearted girl.” Cook’s reaction: “Best trip I’ve ever had.”Looking for ways to offer help? Start with this random(随时的) act of kindness that can change someone’s life right now.4. The flight attendant asked an urgent question because ________.A. the passenger was traveling aloneB. the plane was in a dangerous situationC. the passenger asked for something suddenlyD. none of the flight attendants could communicate with the passenger5. Why did Clara talk about her plans for the future?A. Because the flight attendant asked her to do so.B. Because she needed topics to go on talking with Cook.C. Because Cook hoped to understand teenagers better.D. Because she wanted to show her dream for the future.6. Which of the following words can best describe Clara?A. Kind and caring.B. Warm-hearted and brave.C. careful and calm.D. opened-minded and confident.7. The passage is mainly written to ________.A. tell a touching story of an amazing girlB. show the great importance of American Body LanguageC. encourage readers to give a hand kindly and randomlyD. show how kind the flight attendant was to help CookCBritish sculptor Jason Taylor has made it his mission to use his talent to conserve our ecosystems by creating underwater museums. Over the years, the environmentalist has put over 850 massive artworks underwater worldwide. On February 1, 2021, Taylor launched his latest work — The Underwater Museum of Cannes.―The main goal was to bring attention to the fact that our oceans need our help,‖ Taylor told Dezeen. ―Ocean ecology has been destroyed by human activity in the Mediterranean over the past few decades, and it is not obvious what is taking place when observing the sea from afar.‖The Underwater Museum of Cannes contains 6 sculptures featuring local residents of various ages. They range from Maurice, an 80-year-old fisherman, to Anouk, a 9-year-old student. Towering over 6-feet-tall and weighing 10 tons, the faces are sectioned into two parts, with the outer part like a mask. The mask indicates that the world’s oceans appear powerful and unbeatable from the surface but house an ecosystem that is extremely fragile to careless human activities.Though the waters surrounding the sculptures now appear a pristine blue, the seabed was filled with oldboat engines, pipes, and other human-made trash when the project began about four years ago. Besides removing the trash, Taylor also restored the area’s sea grass. Just one square meter of the sea grass can generate up to 10 liters of oxygen daily. The sea grass also helps prevent coastal erosion and provides habitats for many ocean creatures.―The idea of creating an underwater museum was to draw more people underwater and develop a sense of care and protection,‖ Taylor told Dezeen. ―If we threw unwanted waste near a forest, there would be a public outcry. But this is happening every day in our surrounding waters and it largely goes unnoticed.8. Why does the outer part ofthe sculptures look like a mask?A. To popularize the features of the locals.B. To remind people to protect themselves.C. To reflect people’s protection of the ocean.D. To stress the sensitiveness of the ecosystem.9. What’s paragraph 4 mainly about?A. How the project was started.B. How the sea grass was restored.C. What recovery effort the project made.D. Why the surroundings were improved.10. What can we infer from what Jason Taylor said in the last paragraph?A. The situation of the ocean is easily ignored.B. The destruction caused to the ocean is noticeable.C. Forests play a more important role in ecosystems.D. People have zero tolerance to damage done to nature.11. What might be the best title for the text?A. The Underwater Museum, a long way to go.B. The Underwater Museum, a big difference to the sea.C. The Underwater Museum, an appeal to conserve ecosystems.D. The Underwater Museum, a masterpiece of Jason Taylor.DIn Colombia a group, named WebConserva, is carrying out a project in the San Lucas Mountains with the help of coffee growers.The San Lucas area is one of the most unexplored places in Colombia, which is home to many thousands of species of animals and plants. Yet gold mining and coca farming have dealt a blow to its ecosystem. To limit additional development in the San Lucas area, the group helps coffee growers by linking them with processors from around the country.Colombia has more different kinds of living things than any other country except neighboring Brazil. In 2016, the Colombian government signed a peace deal with the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia ending years of civil war. As a result, more land became accessible for use, with deforestation(毁林) coming along. Government information shows that in 2017, almost 220,000 hectares of forest were destroyed compared to around 124,000 hectares in 2015.To date, the project includes 10 families who farm 400 hectares of coffee plants, which costs about $77,000 dollars a year. WebConserva hopes that, in time, 200 families will be included. At that level, 20,000 hectares of untouched forest could be protected. In San Lucas, the families promise not to cut down trees to expand their crops or to hunt wild animals from the forests. In return, they receive $ 250 to $ 300 per 125 kilograms of coffee, an enviable amount there. Arcadio Barajas is among those taking part. His new coffee plantation(种植园) makes a barrier between cattle farms and forests where wild animals like the jaguar live and hunt. In this way, he doesn't have to kill wild animals to protect his cattle.Barajas said that pulling down the forest to plant coca and killing wildlife were against his will. Now he feels that growing coffee lets him be astewardof the land. "I'm taking care of the environment, the forest and the animals," he said.12. Why does WebConserva set up the project?A. To help local farmers make money.B. To expand areas of coffee growing.C. To link processors with coffee growers.D. To conserve biodiversity in the Mountains.13. What happened after Colombia’s civil war was over?A. Colombia helped many needy families.B. Colombia lost lots of areas of forests.C. Colombia started to save damaged forests.D. Colombia became more peaceful than Brazil.14. Which is probably a function of Barajas's coffee plantation?A. A method of protecting cattle and wildlife.B. A substitute for hunting of wild animals.C. A barrier between man and wild animals.D. A shelter for cattle against human hunters.15. What does the underlined word "steward" mean in the last paragraph?A. Farmer.B. Master.C. Guardian.D. Explorer.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
【精品】2018—2019学年度高三年级上学期期中英语试卷+答案
【精品】2018—2019学年度高三年级上学期期中英语试卷+答案【精品】2018—2019学年度高三年级上学期期中英语试卷+答案本试卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Wh ere does the man want to go?A. A railway station.B.A post of f ice.C.The seaside.2. What happened to the woman?A. Sh e woke up late.B.She got to work late.C.She went to sleep late.3. What is the woman doing now?A.Baking cookies.B.Making a list.C.Shopping for groceries.4.How does the woman feel about the zoo?A.Sad.B. I mpressed.C.Disappointed.5.What are the speakers mainly talking about?A.Young people lose their jobs easily.B.Young people are too quick in making decisions.C.Young people seldom stay long in the same job.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
2018-2019学年上海市浦东新区高三上英语期中试卷（含答案）
2018学年第一学期高三英语期中质量检测总分： 140分时间：120分钟I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. The film is terrible. B. She hasn‟t seen the film.C. She has a different view.D. The film review is good.2. A. He has got employed. B. The interview left him a deep impression.C. He attended a sports meet.D. He was expecting a second interview.3. A.Places of interest. B. Travel plans.C. Air quality.D. Summer heat.4. A. Angry. B. Hungry. C. Surprised. D. Sleepy.5. A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student.C. Brother and sister.D. Boss and secretary.6. A. Library. B. Dormitory. C. Classroom. D. Cafeteria.7. A. She will sell it to buy a bookstore.B. She will rent it to a bookstore owner.C. She will change it into a bookstore.D. She hasn‟t made up her mind.8. A. Visit friends. B. Travel to another city.C. Stay at home.D. Drive on the highway.9. A. She was still a college student. B. She got a job in college.C. She got supported by a scholar.D. She had enough money for college study.10. A. He missed a friend‟s party.B. Mary didn‟t invite him to the party.C. He couldn‟t go to the party.D. His parents forget his birthday.Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passage and the conversations will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Buy text books at local schools. B. Improve language skills by different means.C. Read text books online.D. Attend a language school online with partners.12. A. Grammar. B. Reading.C. V ocabulary.D. Listening and speaking.13. A. Studying ESL online. B. Setting study goals.C. Finding the right website.D. Studying abroad.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. They tip according to the attitude of the waiter or waitress.B. They base the tip on the tax included in the bill.C. They tip the cook as well as the server.D. They tip 15 to 20 percent of the charges.15. A. Foreigners don‟t know how much to tip.B. Tipping needs complicated counting.C. Some customers are not willing to tip.D. Diners have to tip unkind servers.16. A. Put an end to tipping..B. Give part of the tip to the cooks.C. Add an additional charge to the bill.D. Regard tips as income to the restaurant owner.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. To shop online. B. To collect information.C. To check emails.D. To find cheap products.18. A. When having poor net connection. B. When receiving too many emails.C. When spending too much time online.D. When finding false information.19. A. Y ou may find the prices puzzling. B. Y ou may not receive real samples.C. Y ou may get false information.D. Y ou may not get what you need.20. A. He goes to see the products with his own eyes.B. He demands to get the samples of the products.C. He spends eight hours online comparing the products.D. He requires online shops to make the products genuine.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Printing with Human Cells3D printers are taking medicine to a whole new level, called “bioprinting.” Since the early 2000s, doctors and researchers (21)________(work) to find a way to print living human organs and other pieces of anatomy(骨骼) using 3D printing technology. Currently, patients in need of a new organ (22)________ ________wait for an organ donor who is a perfect match for them so that their body won‟t reject the transplanted organ, and it‟s not uncommon for people to die while (23)________(wait). However, with 3D printing, the organ would be made with the patient‟s own cel ls, so there‟s no chance that it would be rejected. These organ transplants are still a decade away, (24)________ ________ experts in the field, and simpler pieces of anatomy will be ready first, starting with skin, muscle, and bone.In the most basic form of 3D printing, a digital blueprint is first made and sent to a printer. Then the printer exudes(渗出) plastic drop-by-drop, layer-by-layer to create the (25)________(desire) shape. However, this basic 3D printing is done using high temperatures, (26)________ would kill live cells. Thus the printers used for bioprinting have been reinvented not to require extreme heat. In this special kind of 3D printing, the printer deposits biodegradable, plastic-like materials to form the structure of an organ and water-based gels that contain cells. Those cells anchor onto the structure, and then the organ (27)________(transplant) into a body. The body provides it with nutrients and oxygen (28)________ the organ tissue generates its own system of blood cells.Although doctors and researchers already have the ability to engineer living tissue and organs, it has alwaysbeen done manually, which is a laborious process. The advantage of 3D printing is (29)________ it‟s much faster, more precise, and more easily reproducible. One ear, for example, takes only 4-6 hours to print at present.Still, there is a lot of work (30)________(do) in the area of transplanting the printed cells.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Oxford English Dictionary Asks T eenagers to Explain Modern Slang Oxford English Dictionary has launched an appeal to teenagers, hoping they can help it get to handle slippery teenage slang such as “hench” and “dank”.Quoting its aim to “record all distinctive words that ___31___ the language, old and new, formal and informal”, the OED said that slang terms were “always challenging” for dictionary editors to track. Y oung people‟s language today is “particularly ___32___ to describe”, because terms change rapidly and communication methods such as WhatsApp and Snapchat have made it more difficult to ___33___ the changing vocabulary.In its youth slang appeal, the dictionary is asking children and teenagers to send in examples of current slang words, either on Twitter at #youthslangappeal or via its website. Adults are also invited to___34___, if they have examples of young people using “words that are ___35___unfamiliar to you—or familiar words in very unfamiliar ways”.OED senior editor Fiona McPherson said: “Lexicographers(词典编撰者) are used to ___36___ and recording language change. Y et, there‟s something particularly innovative about the way that young people adapt ___37___vocabulary to make new words, and in doing so create what seems like a secret lexicon (词汇) to those not in the know.”The OED has been tracking a new sense of the word “bare” for a number of years, it said, citing a 2009 ___38___ from Twitter: “Friday is going to be the BUSIEST day of my life I think :) Bare things poppin‟ off.” It will publish anentry for the slang term at the end of the year, with a draft version identifying it as chiefly British slang, meaning “many or much; a lot of”. The OED says this usage “appears to have originated in Caribbean English, and ___39___ from the sense …nothing but, too much of‟”.Other words it will be considering include “dank”, meaning “cool or great”, and “hench”, meaning “fit and muscular”. Words used by younger people “often have a bigger story to tell about ___40___of English used by particular ethnic(种族的) or cultural groups, and their influence on the language as a whole”, said the dictionary, which will be offering UK state schools free access to the OED online for this academic year in conjunction with its appeal.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The universal use of technology has resulted in a constant current of information interrupting the “flow” of our life. This __41__ pattern was initially marketed as “call-waiting” for our phones. But now our eyes, ears, and fingers are glued to our technology 24/7. We are __42__ by emails, texts, or the news feeds on our Facebook pages. My friend Ron refers to this technology as “weapons of mass distraction.”But how is this mass distraction __43__ our degree of presence and ability to attend to the everyday demandsof life? According to a 2010 Kaiser Family Foundation report, children from eight to eighteen spend an average of seven hours and thirty-eight minutes a day using entertainment media. In addition, a study published in the August 2010 issue of Pediatrics found that exposure to __44__ media was associated with attention problems in a sample of 210 college students.The __45__ is just part of the larger picture. Dealing with a crowd of daily text messages and emails makes it difficult for us to be by ourselves when all that activity stops. Although a sense of __46__ is natural at times, our addiction to the nonstop interaction afforded by technology deepens that feeling when access to the technology is unexpectedly __47__. Just think how you feel when you lack cell phone or web access. Is it possible that our ob-session with continually checking our emails and text messages has contributed to our __48__ to genuinely relate with others and find enjoyment without constant stimulation?Aside from the impact of technology on our __49__ and our ability to be at ease in the absence of our technology, let‟s examine how interacting with our devices __50__ the development of our fundamental communication and social skills. Many researchers observe that everyday conversation between human beings is becoming increasingly__51__.Many of today‟s children are growing up with a built-in dependence on devices, making it difficult for them to feel __52__ in everyday social situations. Often they find it __53__ to make eye contact or deal with even the simplest face-to-face interactions without the aid of technology as an intermediary(媒介).Over time these children forget how to relate with each other because they have become habituated to using technology to __54__ direct contact with others and life itself. __55__, some neuroscientists believe that use of the internet actually rewires our brains.41. A. innovative B. pleasant C. typical D. disturbing42. A. isolated B. flooded C. informed D. promoted43. A. affecting B. enhancing C. highlighting D. establishing44. A. print B. screen C. news D. online45. A. attention B. association C. demand D. distraction46. A. belonging B. independence C. loneliness D. simplicity47. A. unavailable B. approachable C. visible D. prospective48. A. inability B. potential C. anxiety D. ambition49. A. communication B. attention C. health D. intelligence50. A. agree with B. adapt to C. contributes to D. interferes with51. A. rare B. common C. weird D. popular52. A. fascinated B. comfortable C. restless D. annoyed53. A. convenient B. feasible C. challenging D. inspiring54. A. maintain B. endure C. avoid D. pursue55. A. On the contrary B.In fact C.In addition D. On the other handSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)What first attracted Isabella Springmühl to the word of fashion was her struggle to find clothes that fit her as a person with Down’s syndrome(唐氏综合症). “It was difficult for me to get clothes,” she says.“We have a different body constitution; we are shorter, wider, or very thin. My mother always had to fix the clothes shebought for me.” For that reason she decided to become a fashion designer and to design clothes that f it people with Down‟s syndrome.However, when she first applied to fashion school she was rejected by two universities in her home country of Guatemala. While this might cause some people to give up, for her it was the catalyst(刺激因素) that gave her the energy to follow her dream despite the difficulties. Searching for other possibilities, she decided to attend a sewing academy for women.At the academy she was asked to sew outfits for “worry dolls,” which are traditional Guatemalan dolls that are put under c hildren‟s pillows to take away their worries while they sleep. She preferred to sew clothes for life-sized dolls, however, and she began designing jackets with traditional Guatemalan textiles for them. Following that she switched to designing clothes for people, drawing on the rich variety of texture and color present in traditional textiles for inspiration.Isabella‟s process of making clothes starts with her picking out antique textiles from Antigua, the ancient capital of Guatemala. From there, the material is taken to her place where she works with her team to create unique clothes. Her goal is to export her brand, Down 2 Xjabelle, all over the world so people can see that men and women with Down‟s syndrome can accomplish what they set out to do. Through her work as a designer she also wants to be completely self-sufficient and live on her own.At 20 years old, she is well on her way to achieving her goals. Last year, she was the first person with Down‟s syndrome to have his or her clothing line featured in the London Fashion Week. She was also featured on the BBC‟s list of 100 inspirational women. This year she‟s been invited to events in Miami, Chicago, and possibly Paris.56. Isabella decided to become a fashion designer because ________.A. she was seriously illB. her mother was a designerC. h er family wasn't richD. she couldn‟t find suitable clothes57. According to the passage, “worry dolls” are ________.A. dolls that can make you carefreeB. fairies who are in charge of dollsC. h uman-sized dolls with jacketsD. traditional dolls for young girls58. Which of the following best describes Isabella?A. Caring and determined.B. Ambitious and proud.C. Well-educated and energetic.D. Creative and outgoing.59. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. The Other Side of the Fashion IndustryB. Worries of a Distinguished DesignerC. A Road Less TravelledD. Out with the Old, in with the New(B)By Jackie Wattles @jackiewattlesSeptember 13, 2018: 2:45 PM ETWall Street’s response to Apple’s annual product release on Wednesday was, as one analyst described it, a yawn.The company released a handful of new devices and modest updates, including three new versions of the iPhone X and an Apple Watch with new features. All of that was expected.Apple (AAPL) shares dropped slightly Wednesday, down 1.2%. But it bounced back: The stock was up more than 2% Thursday afternoon.It‟s a sign that investors were willing to forgive the dull performance on Wednesday in light of Apple‟s strong financial outlook, analysts and investors told CNN.Ross Gerber, Gerber KawasakiActivist investor Ross Gerber, the CEO of Gerber Kawasaki told CNN‟s Julia Chatterley on Thursday that Apple was “basically giving me the same phone again.”He also made fun of the company's live-stream(网络直播), during which Apple displayed a new Apple Watch feature that will alert the police if the wearer falls down.“They‟re so out of touch with the consumer,” Gerber said. “Who are you marketing to here? That 70-year-old crowd doesn‟t stream anything,” he said, referring to CEO Tim Cook.But a boring presentation on Wednesday wasn‟t enough to sour Gerber on Apple‟s stock.Daniel Morgan, Synovus T rust CompanyDaniel Morgan, a vice president and senior manager at Synovus Trust Company, said in a phone interview that he wasn‟t fascinated with the latest Apple event, either.But as an investor, he‟s keen on Apple‟s plan to increase the average sales price of its phones with the iPhone XS. That can keep shareholders happy while customers wait for Apple‟s next big thing—whenever that may be.60. Apple‟s stock performance on Wednesday showed that _____.A. Apple has lost many investorsB. Apple‟s economic prospect is reliableC. Apple releases new products regularlyD. Apple‟s product release was unexpected61. What did Ross Berber imply when mentioning the new Apple Watch‟s alerting function?A. Old people seldom used Apple products.B. The new function would be totally meaningless.C. The new function would add burden to the police force.D. Apple used a wrong medium to target the intended users.62. What does the passage mainly intend to tell us?A. Customers are satisfied with Apple‟s new updates.B. The stock of Apple has experienced ups and downs.C. Investors still trust Apple despite its dull new release.D. Apple‟s iPhone sales are promoted by the new release.(C)A faked video of Donald Trump shows how AI will make propaganda(宣传) cheap and easy.“DEAR people of Belgium. This is a huge deal…” It sounds like Donald Trump—a bit, anyway. It is definitely a picture of Donald Trump. But the person in the video, produced by sp.a, a left-wing Belgian political party, is not quite the American president. It is a computer-made reproduction, into whose mouth has been put a not-entirely serious lecture about Belgium‟s carbon emissions.Faked images are not new. But doing it well is hard, requiring specialists who are scarce and expensive. However, technology is making things cheaper and easier. The video by sp.a is a “deep fake” — which draws on “deep learning”, an artificial-intelligence technique used in everything from recognizing faces to playing Go, a complex board game. To produce a deep fake, all you need is a piece of free software, some pictures of the person whose face you wish to transpose(调换), an existing piece of film to paste it into and a script for your digital creation to read. The computer takes care of the rest.For now, the results are often amateurish(业余的). The video of Mr. Trump is awkwardly indistinct. But that will change. Pictures and video will become like text: easier to fake outright or to shade in subtle ways that overstate or understate what is really happening. The video, sp.a says, was not intended to deceive. The game is given away near the end, when Mr. Trump says: “We all know climate change is fake —just like this video!” But not everyone will be so thorough and careful.This prospect would be worrying at any time. It is particularly unwelcome now. The internet has alreadyoffered a cheap and effective way to spread written untruths. Faked videos will be similarly easy to spread, but will be more powerful indeed because people have not yet learned to mistrust film and sound-tracks.What to do? Ideally, people will adapt and the world will be quick to apply the lessons from “fake news”. But that will be hard. Technologies such as encryption (加密) and digital signing can help trace a film or picture back to a trusted source. Fact-checking will devote more time to videos and pictures as digital fakery becomes widespread; but such services can only ever be reactive, making the truth hardly known after a lie that is already halfway across the world.Before the era of mass media, mass literacy and cheap communication, knowledge of the world was foggy. It was a struggle to sort fact from made story. Cheap, high-quality propaganda risks making the truth harder to find. Technology could make the global village feel more like a fearful, distrusting place.63. The example of the video of Donald Trump is adopted to show _____.A. faked images are here to comeB. the US president is not a serious personC. technology has made it harder to tell right from wrongD. artificial intelligence is making cheating more effortless64. What does the underlined word “deceive”in paragraph 4 mean?A. Advocate.B. ExposeC. Mislead.D. Motivate.65. Which of the following is true according to the passage？A. The influence of fake videos will be more destructive than words.B. Fortunately, fake pictures and videos are not hard to tell.C. Technology may prevent an unreliable source of information from being detected.D. People will soon learn lessons from misunderstanding fake news.66. What is the author‟s attitude towards the future of fake videos?A. Positive.B. Negative.C. Neutral.D. Indifferent.Section CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Restaurant in Spain Charges the Rich and Feeds the PoorThere is a new restaurant in Madrid which charges customers during the day, and uses that money to feed the homeless at night. The restaurant is called Robin Hood, like the English hero who stole from the rich to give to the poor. 67During the day, Robin Hood is a cafe which serves coffee and Spanish croquetas for breakfast and has a lunch menu. Then at night it opens as a fancy restaurant, serving dinner for free to homeless people. This is not like a typical soup kitchen meal. 68 In total, they feed 100 homeless men and women each night. Sinceopening in November, Robin Hood has become very popular.The restaurant/cafe is run by an organization called Mensajeros de la Paz (in English, “messengers of peace”), which was founded 54 years ago by Father ÁngelGarcía Rodríguez. They have many other projects as well, including a church that offers free coffee and tea, free wifi, places to sleep, and free lunch and breakfast.69 Currently,the unemployment rate is20%, and the youth unemployment rate is the highest in Europe.Talking about the restaurant, Father Rodríguez said, “The inspiration came from Pope Francis, who‟s spoken again and again about the importance of giving people dignity, whether it‟s through bread or through work. So we thought, why not open a restaurant with tablecloths and proper cutlery and waiters? People with nothing can come and eat here in the restaurant and get the same treatment as everyone else.”70One night diner who was interviewed by the Guardian News said, “This restaurant is life and happiness to me. It‟s the best thing there is; the best thing in the world.”IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The Benefits of Being BilingualAt one time being bilingual was thought to slow down brain development, although it is now known to have many benefits. Aside from professional and social benefits, studies show that the process of learning a second language actually strengthens some areas of the brain.To start off with, a study done at the University of British Columbia shows that babies exposed to two languages before birth don‟t confuse the languages. Moreover, it showed that the effort it takes to keep the languages separate improves perception.The benefits aren‟t only for people who grow up bilingual, however. Anyone who learns a second language during their lifetime will have certain advantages. For one, Swedish scientists found that the brain grows during language learning, particularly the area where memories are created.Not only does the brain grow, but language learners also improve in many areas. They are good at multitasking while paying detailed attention to each task. Additionally they strengthen their math skills, listening skills, ability to focus, problem-solving skills, reading and vocabulary in their native language, and their memory increases. In the area of math, a study done at the University of Washington shows that bilinguals solve new math problems half a second faster than monolinguals.Language learning also has huge benefits for old age. Brian Gold of the University of Kentucky did a study comparing the ability of bilingual seniors and monolingual seniors to do an attention-switching task. Usually this skill fades with age. However the bilingual seniors performed better than the monolinguals, and their brains worked less hard and more efficiently.Neuroscientists(神经系统科学家) think that having more brainpower at an older age helps protect us from Alzheimer‟s.Current medication for Alzheimer‟s only delays it for 6-12 months, while learning a new language delays it for 4-5 years. Again, this is not only for people who learn a second language from birth. Even if you don‟t learn another language until after middle age it helps. Language learning keeps your brain active and “fit” .V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 他期望父母能参加他的毕业典礼。
2019届上海市浦东新区建平中学高三上学期期中考试英语试卷(PDF版)
2018-2019学年上海市浦东新区建平中学高三（上）期中英语试卷II.GrammarandvocabularySectionA1．The mama﹣bear instinctMs． Angela McQueen， a math and PE teacher at Mattoon High School， Illinois， has a routine when she's on lunch﹣monitoring duty． She___1___ （keep） an eye on the hundreds of students in her charge by walking laps（圈） around the school cafeteria．In September 2017， McQueen， then 40， had hardly finished one lap___2___ a 14﹣year ﹣old freshman standing not far from her pulled out a gun． She knew too well that he was going to start shooting．School employees___3___（train）on how to handle active shooters：Attack their ability___4___ （aim）． So with the shooter's finger on the trigger， McQueen rushed to him．___5___（grab）at his arm， she forced the gun into the air， but not___6___ he struck one student in the hand and chest and hurt another． As students ran for the exits， McQueen defeated the shooter with help from the school resource officer，___7___ disarmed the student and took him into imprisonment until police arrived minutes later． Afterward， McQueen went outside to give hugs and support to her shaken students．"It's the mama﹣bear instinct，" she told the local paper． "I don't have kids of my own，but these are still‘___8___' kids．"___9___ McQueen， a story that has played out tragically at far too many schools across the country had a relatively happy ending． "If it hadn't been for her， the situation would have been a lot different，" Police Chief Jeff Branson said at a news conference．As one___10___ （impress） student told CBS News， "Mr． McQueen is our heroine．"【答案】1. keeps2. when3. had been trained4. to aim5. grabbing6. before7. who8. my 9. Thanks to10. impressedSectionB2．Photography is often perceived as an objective， and therefore unbiased， medium for documenting and preserving historic moments and national and world histories， and for visualizing and narrating news stories．But the choices made by a photographer ﹣ including how the image is___11___， what is left in or out of the frame， and how it may be cropped， edited， or otherwise altered after it is taken ﹣ introduce a point﹣of﹣view into the photograph and___12___ impact how we receive and understand images． Such considerations raise critical questions about how willingly we accept any one photograph as a reflection of___13___ truth．Photographs can bear___14___ to history and even serve as catalysts（催化剂）for change． They can foster sympathy and raise awareness or，___15___， offer critical commentary on historical people， places， and events． Throughout the history of the medium， photographers have aimed to capture the essence of events they saw with their own eyes﹣though the question of the trustworthiness of their images is always up for debate．Though Dorothea Lange had been operating a successful portrait studio in San Francisco since 1919，she was moved by the homeless people as the Great Depression began to take its toll， and she started photographing them． These photographs led to her being hired by the federal Farm Security Administration（FSA）， formed to raise awareness of and provide aid to poor farmers．Lange closely identified with the FSA's mission， which was to___16___ the effects of the Depression on Americans， bringing attention to their struggles so that such events would never recur． Due in part to her work with the FSA， Lange became known as a pioneer of documentary photography，a___17___ she disliked because she felt the term did not reflect the passionate social motivations that fueled her work．Dorothea Lange took this photograph Migrant Mother， Nipomo， California in 1936， while employed by the FSA program． In Nipomo， California， Lange came across Florence Owens Thompson and her children in a camp filled with field workers whose livelihoods were devastated by the failure of the pea crops． Recalling her encounter with Thompson years later， she said， "I saw and approached the hungry and desperate mother． I do not remember how I explained my___18___ or my camera to her， but I do remember she asked me no questions． I made five exposures， workingcloser and closer from the same direction．" One photograph from that shoot， now known as Migrant Mother， was widely___19___ to magazines and newspapers and became a symbol of the plight of migrant farm workers during the Great Depression．As Lange described Thompson's situation， "She and her children had been living on frozen vegetables from the field． Yet they could not move on， for she had just sold the tires from the car to buy food．" However，Thompson later___20___ Lange's account． When a reporter interviewed her in the 1970s， she insisted that she and Lange did not speak to each other， nor did she sell the tires of her car． Thompson said that Lange had either confused her for another farmer or embellished（渲染） what she had understood of her situation in order to make a better story．【答案】11. B 12. E13. A 14. F15. C 16. D17. K 18. G19. I 20. JIII.ReadingcomprehensionSectionA3．Vast parts of Earth should be left wildTo avoid mass extinctions of plants and animals， governments should protect a third of the oceans and land by 2030 and half by 2050， with a focus on areas of high biodiversity． So say leading biologists in an editorial in the journal Science．This isn't just about saving biodiverse areas， says Jonathan Baillie of the National Geographic Society，one of the authors． It is also about saving ourselves by protecting___21___ natural systems， or ecosystems，and their benefits to us， known as ecosystem services． "We are learning that the large areas that remain are important for providing services for all life． The forests， for example， are___22___ for absorbing and storing carbon，" says Baillie．At present， just 3.6 per cent of the planet's oceans and 14.7 per cent of land is protected by law． At the 2010 Nagoya Conference of the Convention on Biological Diversity， governments agreed to protect 10 per cent of the oceans and 17 per cent of land by 2020．But this isn't nearly enough， says Baillie． In the editorial， he and his coauthor， Ya ﹣Ping Zhang of the Chinese Academy of Sciences， want governments to set much bigger___23___ at the next major conference on biodiversity in 2020．"We have to enormously___24___ our ambition if we want to avoid an extinction crisis and if we want to maintain the ecosystem services that we___25___ benefit from，" says Baillie． "The trends are in a___26___direction， it's just we have to move much faster．"It is hard to work out how much space is needed to preserve biodiversity and ecosystem___27___，the pair say， because there is so much we don't know about life on Earth ﹣ like how many species there are．___28___， most estimates suggest that between 25 and 75 percent of high biodiversity regions or major ecosystems should be protected．Therefore，we， including governments，should be___29___ when setting goals and strategies．"There is no doubt that we need far more land and sea___30___ for conserving and retaining nature，"says James Watson at the University of Queensland in Australia． "Targets like 50 per cent are in the right ball park when it comes to the minimal___31___ of area needed to conserve biodiversity．"But Watson and others stress that which areas get protected is even more important than the overall percentage． "The key thing is to protect the right areas，" says Jose Montoya of the Station for Theoretical and Experimental Ecology in Moulis， France． "If we___32___ protect a proportion of the territory，governments will likely protect what's easy， and that's usually areas of___33___ biodiversity and ecosystem service provision．"In fact， a third of the 3.6 percent of land that is already meant to be protected is actually being___34___，Watson's team reported last month． So only___35___ areas to be protected isn't enough．21. A. stricter B. wider C. safer D. simpler22. A. unique B. sufficient C. critical D. fit23. A. examples B. values C. awards D. objectives24. A. increase B. achieve C. lack D. frustrate25. A. barely B. currently C. roughly D. thoroughly26. A. opposite B. fixed C. complex D. positive27. A. approaches B. management C. benefits D. degradation28. A. Therefore B. Furthermore C. However D. Otherwise29. A. concerned B. changeable C. firm D. cautious30. A. deserted B. secured C. measured D. distributed31. A. damage B. cost C. amount D. standard32. A. completely B. merely C. virtually D. desperately33. A. mass B. tropical C. marine D. low34. A. exploited B. expanded C. restored D. discovered35. A. developing B. covering C. declaring D. utilizing【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. CSectionBThe summer I turned 16，my father gave me his ‘69 Chevy Malibu convertible（敞篷车）． Beautifully repainted with V﹣8 engine﹣it was a gift wasted on me at that age． What didI know about classic cars？ The important thing was that Hannah and I could drive around Tucson with the top down．Hannah was my best friend， a year younger but much taller， almost five foot ten． "Hannah's going to be something，" my mother always said． And sure enough， that summer she signed witha modeling agency．She was already doing catalog and runway work．A month after my birthday， Hannah and I went to the movies． On the way home， we stoppedat the McDonald's drive﹣through， putting the fries on the seat between us to share． "Let's ride around awhile，" I said． It was a clear night， oven﹣warm， full moon cast low over the desert． Taking a curve too fast， I hit a patch of dirt and slid from side to side． I then cut through a neighbor's landscape wall and drove into a full﹣grown palm． The front wheels cameto rest halfway up the tree trunk． French fries on the floor， the dash，and my lap． An impossible amount of blood on Hannah's face， pieces of skin hanging into her eyes． They took us in separate ambulances． In the emergency room， my parents spoke quietly： Best plastic surgeon in the city． End of her modeling career．We'd been wearing leg belts， but the car didn't have shoulder bands． I'd damaged my cheekboneon the wheel； Hannah's forehead had split wide open on the dash． What would I say to her？ When her mother，Sharon， came into my hospital room， I started to cry， preparing myself for her anger． She sat beside me and took my hand． "I hit my best friend's car in the rear when I was your age，" she said． "I wrecked her car and mine．" "I'm so sorry，" I said．"You're both alive，" she said． "The rest is windowdressing．" I started to protest， and Sharon stoppedme． "I forgive you． Hannah will too．"Sharon's forgiveness allowed Hannah and me to get back in the car together that summer， to stay friends throughout high school and college， to be in each other's weddings， and to watch my four teenagers get along with her three younger children． I think of her gift of forgiveness every time I'm tempted to blame someone in a secret for something recognized as wrong． And whenever I see Hannah， the scars are so faded that no one else would notice，but in the sunlight I can still see the faint shimmer（微光）just below her hairline﹣for me， a sign of grace．36. Which of the following about Hannah is TRUE according to the passage？A. She was not as badly injured as the author．B. She never really forgave me though her mother did．C. She learned the gift of forgiveness through the accident．D. She could have been a model if she hadn't experienced the accident．37. In paragraph 4， "window dressing" is closest in meaning to " "．A. insignificantB. colorfulC. undeterminedD. hopeful38. According to the passage， Sharon comforted the author by ．A. showing her own scarB. mentioning her own storyC. visiting the author in personD. teaching the author a personal lesson39. Which of the following might be the best title of the article？A. A Graceful FriendB. A Lasting FriendshipC. A Lucky Car AccidentD. The Gift of Forgiveness【答案】36. D 37. A 38. B 39. DMaking these easy tasks part of your morning schedule will improve your nutrition， energy，and mood today﹣and beyond．6：00 a．m．STRETCH IN BEDTry this even before you open your eyes． Lift one arm and begin by stretching each finger，then your hand， then your wrist， and then your whole arm． Move on to the other arm． Then stretch your toes， feet，ankles， and legs． Finally， end with a neck and back stretch that propels you out of bed． You've just limbered up your muscles and joints and enhanced blood flow throughout your body， providing a shot of oxygen to all your tissues． Take up the entire length of the bed when you stretch． According to Harvard University psychologist Amy Cuddy， this display of power is typical of a bold person， making you feel more confident all day long．7：00 a．m．EXERCISE A BIT﹣ON AN EMPTY STOMACHWorking out before you eat， researchers say， encourages your body to burn more fat for energy rather than relying on carbohydrates from food． In a Journal of Physiology study， participants who exercised after breakfast still gained weight （as did a control group who didn't exercise），but those who exercised on an empty stomach did not． Moreover， research from the University of Vermont shows that the mood﹣enhancing benefits of a 20﹣minute workout can last for 12 hours，a boost you'll want to enjoy all day long．BREAK YOUR FAST TWICEBreakfast is the most important meal of the day， so why not have two？ A study published in the journal Pediatric Obesity tracked the weight and breakfast﹣eating patterns of 584 students over two years． They found that frequent breakfast skippers showed increased odds of becoming overweight or obese compared with those who ate two breakfasts （one at home and one at school）． The sensible takeaway： If you eat more in the morning， you'll be less likely to snack at night， when it's harder to burn off calories．8：00 a．m．SEEK OUT GOOD NEWSIn a 2015 study， researchers asked one group of participants to watch just three minutes of positive，solutions﹣focused news （such as a video of a 70﹣year﹣old man who got his graduation certificate after failing the test dozens of times）． These participants were 27 percent more likely to report a few hours later that their day had been "happy" than people who watched negative news in the morning． Study author Gielan also cited substantial evidence that negative moods affect workplace performance．Voila! You've improved your state of mind， your health， and your productivity﹣all before the weekday has even begun． Now you're ready to conquer your to﹣do list for today and every day．40. The article is written to ．A. give professional guidance on keeping fitB. reveal some research results about healthC. put forward several suggestions for morning routinesD. offer some tips on how to improve workplace performance41. It is suggested that you should occupy the entire bed when you stretch because it especially ．A. increases your confidenceB. helps you out of bed easilyC. stimulates your blood circulationD. has an effect on your overall health42. Who is least likely to gain weight according to the article？A. Those who skip breakfasts frequently．B. Those who do morning stretching in bed．C. Those who have double breakfasts in the morning．D. Those who have their breakfast before morning exercise．【答案】40. C 41. A 42. CWhat is the single most effective way to reduce greenhouse﹣gas emissions？ Go vegetarian？Replant the Amazon？ Cycle to work？ None of the above． The answer is： make air﹣conditioners radically better． On one calculation， replacing refrigerants（制冷剂） that damage the atmosphere would reduce total greenhouse gases by the equivalent of 90bn tons of CO2 by 2050． Making the units more energy﹣efficient could double that．Air﹣conditioning is one of the world's great overlooked industries． Automobiles and air ﹣conditioners were invented at roughly the same time， and both have had a huge impact on where people live and work．Unlike cars， though， air﹣conditioners have drawn little criticism for their social impact，emissions or energy efficiency． Most hot countries do not have rules to govern their energy use．Yet air﹣conditioning has done quite a lot of things to benefit humankind． It has transformedproductivity in the tropics and helped turn southern China into the workshop of the world． In Europe，its spread has pushed down heat﹣related deaths ten times less than what it was in 2003，when around 70，000 people， most of them elderly， died in a heatwave． For children， air ﹣conditioned classrooms and dormitories are associated with better grades at school．Environmentalists who call air﹣conditioning "a luxury we cannot afford" have half a point，however．In the next ten years， as many air﹣conditioners will be installed around the world as were put in between 1902（when air﹣conditioning was invented）and 2005． Until energy can be produced without carbon emissions， these extra machines will warm the world． At the moment， therefore，air﹣conditioners create a vicious cycle． The more the Earth warms， the more people need them． But the more there are， the warmer the world will be．Cutting the impact of cooling requires three things（beyond turning up the thermostat（温度调节器）to make rooms less Arctic）． First， air﹣conditioners must become much more efficient． The most energy﹣efficient models on the market today consume only about one﹣third as much electricity as average ones．Minimum energy﹣performance standards need to be raised，or introduced in countries that lack them altogether， to push the average unit's performance closer to the standard of the best．Next，manufactures should stop using damaging refrigerants．One category of these，hydrofluorocarbons， is over 1，000 times worse than carbon dioxide when it comes to trapping heat in the atmosphere． An international deal to phase out these pollutants， called the Kigali amendment， will come into force in 2019． Foot﹣draggers should approve and implement it；America is one country that has not done so．Last， more could be done to design offices， malls and even cities so they do not need as many air﹣ conditioners in the first place． More buildings should be built with overhanging roofs or balconies for shade，or with natural air﹣circulation． Simply painting roofs white can help keep temperatures down．Better machines are necessary． But cooling as an overall system needs to be improved if air ﹣conditioners is to fulfill its promise to make people healthier，wealthier and wiser， without too high an environmental cost． Providing indoor shelters of air﹣conditioned comfort need not come at the expense of an overheating world．43. Why does the author think air﹣conditioning is an overlooked industry？A. Because many hot countries haven't put the energy﹣controlling rules into force．B. Because it has caused the same impact on people's life and work as automobiles have．C. Because it has brought great economic， physical， and educational benefits to humans．D. Because it doesn't get the due criticism for its environmental impact as automobiles do．44. What can we learn from Paragraph 4？A. The price of air﹣conditioning will go up due to the large demand for it．B. A high environmental cost will come along with the air﹣conditioning service．C. Environmentalists are expecting extra machines which can warm the world．D. Governments partially agree that air﹣conditioning is a luxury we cannot afford．45. With regard to the measures to cut the impact of cooling， which of the following statements is TRUE？A. Manufacturers should only stop using hydrofluorocarbons．B. People should avoid turning up the air﹣conditioners to have cool rooms on hot days．C. People should adopt more environmentally﹣friendly materials when designing buildings．D. Governments should give a green light to the agreement on eliminating the pollutants．46. The author writes this passage to ．A. arouse people's attention to the global warmingB. appeal for the global joint efforts to combat global warmingC. give credit to air﹣conditioning for its great contributions to humansD. offer a new perspective on how to reduce greenhouse gases emissions【答案】43. D 44. B 45. C 46. DSectionC7．Bill Gates doesn't pretend he lives in an egalitarian（主张平等的） household． When it comesto parenting his three children， the billionaire Microsoft giant readily admits his wife Melinda has done more than her share of the work raising the kids．"My wife does 80%，" Gates told a crowd of Harvard students last Thursday． Gates spent two years there taking math and computer science courses as a pre﹣law student， but never finished up his degree． "Myeldest graduates from Stanford in June， so I'm optimistic she won't fall into my footsteps，" Gates joked．___47___ They followed a 1970s "Love and Logic" parenting model． The core idea of the philosophy is centered on the idea of exerting emotional control， essentially minimizing emotional reactions like shouting or scolding kids．___48___ Gates admits he and his wife haven't been perfect at carrying out the approach．"Can you get rid of the emotion？ You can't totally do it，" he said．Aside from ruling in hot﹣blooded parent tempers， the love and logic model also stresses the importance of not leaning into rewards for kids， but instead demonstrating unconditional love and admiring kids for who they are， not what they do （or don't） achieve， like a poor test score．"Many highly successful people struggled with grades as children，" Fay wrote on his site． "___49___"The model is a bit like the ideal method， in that it pushes parents to focus on asking questions of their kids and getting them to think about how to solve their own problems， instead of feeding them answers．___50___． However， he knew he wanted to do things differently with his own kids．It wasn't the only way he set boundaries for his children while they were growing up． None of his kids owned a cell phone until they were 14 years old． And they will each get about ﹩10 million of their parents fortune as inheritance，a mere fraction of the giant's roughly ﹩90 billion net worth． "We want to strike a balance where they have the freedom to do anything，but not a lot of money showered on them so they could go out and do nothing，" Gates once told TED．【答案】47. F 48. B49. D 50. CIV.Summarywriting51.Summary writingThe life of a journalist can be exciting． To be in constant pursuit of the latest news demands a curiosity that can only be rewarded by getting to "where it is happening" as soon as possible． The goal， of course， is to relate what is happening to the public as clearly as possible．However， every journalist must be careful to report not only a vivid picture of what is happening， but a true picture． Each journalist reports his or her own version of what has taken place． Still， this version must be an actual account if the reporter is to maintain a reliable reputation．In order to get to the truth in some news stories， a reporter must rely on the statements of someone who is on the inside of the situation． Often this insider will only talk to a reporter if the reporter promises never to reveal the insider's name． The insider usually threatens never to admit meeting with the reporter if his or her name is revealed．Because stories of this nature often involve criminal activity， reporting them becomes a dangerous job．This kind of work involved in obtaining news in this manner serves as an inviting situation for the underworld as well as the legal world． Members of the underworld want to find out who the insider is so that they can keep him or her quiet． Members of the legal world claim that the reporter will obstruct（阻挠）justice if he or she fails to disclose the insider's name．Devotion has given journalism its reputation for reliability ﹣ a reliability that each journalist is expected to uphold in his or her search for truth． Supplying a truthful account of each day's occurrences is the serious contract made between reporter and the public．___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Exciting as it is to be a journalist， every journalist must take care to report what happened vividly．【高分句型一】（主题） Besides， they should be followed by a true picture．（要点一）A reporter must depend on the statements of whoever is on the scene， so as to get to the truth in some news stories．（要点二） It is devotion that has given journalism its reputation for reliability．（要点三）【答案】52. The suspect has been arrested， and all the concerning evidence has been transferredto the police．53. As we all know， learning method varies from person to person， so what is suitable for you may not necessarily suit me．54. It suddenly occurred to me that I forgot to remind the monitor of the time for gathering，so I left him a short message．55. The stronger the students' ability to express themselves， the more likely they are to stand out in the entrance interview， which makes it a rule for them to practice speaking every day．II.Guidedwriting56.高三毕业在即，我校《金苹果》英语报要征集同学交往中的印象深刻的事。
上海市建平中学2018-2019学年学高三第一学期12月英语质量检测卷 word版有答案和解析
建平中学2018年12月考英语试卷Section ADirections:Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The impact of smoke screen on adolescentsThe study began by recruiting over 2,600 US school children aged 10 to 14 who had never smoked. Each child was then asked if they had watched any of 50 movies randomly (21) (select) from 601 box office hits. The number of occurrences of smoking in each film was recorded.When followed up one to two years later, 10 percent of the children had tried (22) (smoke). The children in the top quarter of exposure to movie smoking were 2.7 times more likely to have tried a cigarette than (23) in the lowest quarter of exposure. This effect was independent of other factors that might influence the child’s smoking behavior, such as friends or family smoking.“If provides more evidence (24) movies have a strong impact on adolescents,” says Dalton, an expert in cancer risk behavior in children. “Previous studies suggested that smoking in movies (25) (influence) adolescent smoking behavior, but this is the first study to show that viewing smoking in movies predicts (26) will start smoking in the future.”Dalton says a previous study by the team showed that children were more likely to smoke (27) their favorite actor smoked. “We know from past studies it’s very rare for smoking to be portrayed in a negative light. Smokers in movies tend to be tough guys or sexy, rebellious women, which appeals to adolescents,” she told New Scientist.Movies which depict smoking (28) be given an adult rating or “R rating” in the US, suggests Glantz, which would mean that children under 17 could not see the film (29) a parent. An R rating for smoking in movies would prevent about 330 adolescents in the US from starting to smoke and ultimately (30) (extend) 170 lives every day,” he writes.【答案】21. selected 22. smoking 23. those 24. that 25. influenced 26. who 27. if 28. should 29. without 30. extend【解析】21. 题在if引导的条件状语中作非谓语，表示“被随机选出来的”50部电影，根据前文的时态可以看出是过去发生的事，因此填过去分词selected表示被动完成。
2018-2019学年上海市建平中学高三英语联考试题含解析
2018-2019学年上海市建平中学高三英语联考试题含解析一、选择题1. —Ready to give up guessing, Sandy?—No, no. Hold on! I think I _____at the answer now.A. arriveB. have arrivedC. arrivedD. am arriving参考答案：D略2. Although with two children, Shakespeare left Stratford – on – Avon at the age of 30 and went to London .A．being married, lonely B．got married, lonelyC．been married, alone D．married, alone参考答案：D3. “I'm afraid you can't leave this afternoon till you the papers.” said the manager.A. will typeB. will be typingC. have typedD. had typed参考答案：C【命题立意】考查时态的用法。
句意：“恐怕你直到打完这些文件今天下午才能离开。
”经理说。
till引导的时间状语从句，主句是一般将来时，从句应用相应的现在时态。
故判断选C。
4. ________ I’m willing to help you out of trouble, you know, I don’t have much time available.A. SinceB. UnlessC. IfD. While参考答案：D略5. —Which of these methods do you like best?—______. They are all more difficult to use than I have expected.A. NeitherB. No oneC. NothingD. None参考答案：D6. —You and Kate often meet, don't you?—We do meet________，but not regularly.A．now and then B. by and byC. step by stepD. more or less参考答案：A根据答句的后半句“我们的见面是无规律的”可知，我们只是偶尔见见面。