(完整版)含有情态动词的虚拟语气
(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结
（完整版）英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结英语中的虚拟语气是一种表示非事实或想象的语气，用来表达对现实情况的猜测、愿望、要求、建议、命令和反讽等。
虚拟语气主要通过动词的形式和句子的结构来表达。
一、虚拟语气的用法：1.表达建议、要求、命令、禁止：- 主语+动词原形+宾语（动词原形要用动词底形、如be）；- 主语+动词原形+that从句（用于表达建议、命令、禁止，动词原形用“should + 动词原形”或用情态动词）。
例句：- It is important that he be present at the meeting.（建议）- I suggest that he should go to the doctor.（建议）- They insisted that he leave the room immediately.（命令）2.表达愿望、请求、要求：-主语+动词过去式；- 主语+would/could/might + 动词原形；- 主语+动词过去式+宾语+should + 动词原形。
例句：- I wish I could fly.（愿望）- I would appreciate it if you could help me.（请求）3.表示虚拟条件：- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时，主句用would/should/might/could + have + 过去分词；- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去时，主句用would/should/could + 动词原形。
例句：- If I had known his phone number, I would have called him.（虚拟条件）- If you had listened to me, we could have finished the project earlier.（虚拟条件）4.表达建议、要求、祝愿：- If only内部称述 + 主语 + 过去式。
情态动词在虚拟语气中的特殊用法
情态动词在虚拟语气中的特殊用法
情态动词在虚拟语气中有以下几种用法：
1.与现在事实相反的情况：在这种情况下，主句的谓语动词使用“would+动
词原形”，而从句的谓语动词则使用“were+to+动词原形”或“动词的过去式”。
2.与将来事实相反的情况：与将来事实相反的虚拟语气可以通过以下几种形
式表示：主句使用“would+动词原形”，从句使用“were+to+动词原形”
或“动词的过去式”；主句使用“would+动词原形”，从句使用“should+动词原形”；主句和从句都使用“might+动词原形”。
3.与过去事实相反的情况：在这种情况下，主句的谓语动词使用
“would+have+过去分词”，而从句的谓语动词则使用“had+过去分词”。
此外，还有一些特殊用法，例如：在if引导的条件句中，如果从句使用了虚拟语气，而主句表示的是真实情况，则可以使用倒装句来避免混淆。
另外，在虚拟语气中，情态动词“should”也可以省略，直接使用动词原形来表示虚拟语气。
总之，情态动词在虚拟语气中有多种用法，通过灵活运用这些用法，可以增强语言的表达力和感染力。
虚拟语气完整用法
虚拟语气一、用固定的情态动词表示的虚拟语气1、 should +动词原形(有时省略should)(1)用在动词如advise, request, require, suggest, urge,demand,desire,command, insist, order, propose, recommend, 等后的宾语从句中。
例如:1)They requested that we (should) send a invitation to their school、2)He urged that he acquaint and apply the methods、2、用在it is suggested,it has been decided, it is desired, it was proposed,it is required, it was ordered, it is necessary (essential, imperative, important, desirable) that等引出的主语从句中。
例如:1)It is required that we (should) get everything done by tomorrow night、2)It is imperative that the teachers (should) have a thorough knowledge of the subject they teach、3、用在suggestion, motion, proposal, order, recommendation, plan, idea, requirement等引起的表语从句与同位语从句例如:She drives her vessel carefully lest she should lost her way、4.用在表示比拟的方式状语从句中例如:He laughed as if he had never been happier before、5.用在表示虚拟情况的定语从句中例如:It is high time you stop bitting your child、6.用在某些表示主观愿望的名词从句中例1:I wish I were as tall as you、例2:He insisted that we (should) catch up the first bus in the morning、7.用在婉转的请求、建议、批评等句子中例1:Could you hand me some pepper?例2:You might have told me earlier、例3:Hadn’t you better go and see you lover ?8.用在表示祝愿的简单句中例1:Long live world peace、例2:May you best、二.虚拟语气谓语动词的几种表现形式:1.用于虚拟条件句中虚拟条件句及其主句的谓语形式可归纳如下:从句谓语主句谓语与现在事实相反 were, did would (should, could, might) + v、与将来事实相反 should do, would (should, could, might) + v、(可能性极小) were+to+v、与过去事实相反 had done would (should, could, might) + have done例1:I could definitely see the final score if I had the time、例2:How nice it would be if you could bring a gift、例3:Thay might have arrived on time if the car haven’t broken down on the road、如果条件从句中包含有were, had, should或could,有时可把if省略掉,但这时要把were, had, should或could放在主语前面(这种结构在口语中较少使用)。
高中情态动词虚拟语气用法总结
现在：过去时 过去：过去完成时
• She loves the baby as if it were her own son.
• It seems as if it were spring.
• I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.
15
If you had told me in advance, I ____C______him
at the airport.
A. would meet
B. would had meet
C. would have met
D. would have meet
If there were nor subjunctive mood, English __D___
B. would come; would D. comes; might
If the parents ___C___at the hospital earlier after
the accident, the child would have been saved.
A. arrives C. had arrived
was angry wouldn’t do
B. hadn’t done D. wasn’t doing
19
-----He is a brave man.
-----Yes, I wish I ____B_____his courage.
A. Have B. had C. will have D. would have
18
The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I
情态动词在虚拟语气中的特殊用法及其含义
情态动词在虚拟语气中的特殊用法及其含义
情态动词在虚拟语气中的特殊用法主要有以下几种：
1.“would rather +宾语从句”：这种结构中的从句使用虚拟语气，表示
“宁愿……”。
2.例如：I would rather you came tomorrow. 我宁愿你明天来。
3.“It is (high) time +从句”：这种结构中的从句也使用虚拟语气，表示
“是时候做某事了”。
4.例如：It is high time we did something about it. 我们早该对此采取一些
措施了。
5.“if only”：这个词也用于虚拟语气，表示“要是……就好了”。
6.例如：If only I had known! 要是我早知道就好了！
7.“would/could/might/should have done”：这些结构表示对过去情
况的虚拟。
8.例如：I wish she would have done what she was told to do. 我希望她
已经按照指示做了该做的事。
9.“needn’t have done”：这个结构表示“本来不必做而做了”。
10.例如：I needn’t have hurried，for the party didn’t start till 8 o’
clock. 我本来不必匆忙，因为晚会8点才开始。
这些情态动词的特殊用法在日常交流中十分常见，但具体使用还需要根据语境来判断。
希望以上信息对您有所帮助！。
(完整版)含有情态动词的虚拟语气
“would+have+done”虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”1. I would have told you all about the boy's story, but you didn't ask me. 我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事，但是你没有问我。
2. Without your help, I wouldn't have achieved so much. 没有你的帮助，我是不会取得如此大的成绩。
“could+have+done”是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。
He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。
请看相关知识点：一、“must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句。
1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。
2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant. 你和仆人说话，一定是发疯了。
二、“can't+have+done”表示对过去事情的否定推测，译成“不可能做过某事”。
1. Mr. Smith can't have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now. 史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。
2. Mary can't have stolen your money. She has gone home. 玛丽不可能偷你的钱，她回家去了。
三、“can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过……吗？”。
高考语法虚拟语气
高考语法虚拟语气虚拟语气在高考语法考试中占据很重要的位置。
虚拟语气是用来表示非真实的、不确定的、假设的情况，或表达愿望、建议、命令等的语气。
下面我将详细介绍虚拟语气的各种形式及其用法。
一、虚拟语气的情态动词虚拟语气通常由情态动词来表示，包括：1. should + 动词原形，可以表示建议或命令。
2. would + 动词原形，可以表示请求或愿望。
3. could + 动词原形，可以表示能力、请求或愿望。
4. might + 动词原形，可以表示可能性。
5. had + 过去分词，可以表示对过去情况的假设。
6. were + 动词原形，多用于第二和第三人称单数的句子中，表示假设或愿望。
二、虚拟语气的用法1. 虚拟条件句虚拟条件句常用在表示条件的从句中，表示与现在或将来事实相反的假设情况。
主句中常使用情态动词或“would”来表示假设的结果。
例句1：If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky.（假设的情况是我是一只鸟，结果是我会在天空中飞翔。
）例句2：If you had studied harder, you would have passed the exam.（假设的情况是你学习更努力了，结果是你已经通过考试了。
）2. 虚拟语气用于表达命令、建议、要求、要求等虚拟语气还常用于表达命令、建议、要求等。
在这种情况下，常用“should + 动词原形”或“would + 动词原形”。
例句3：You should help your parents with the housework.（你应该帮助你的父母做家务。
）例句4：I wish you would listen to me.（我希望你能听我说。
）3. 虚拟语气用于表达愿望虚拟语气还常用于表达愿望，其中“would”是常见的情态动词。
例句5：I wish I could play the piano.（我希望我能弹钢琴。
（第一讲）虚拟语气情态动词
（第一讲）虚拟语气情态动词一、课目的与考点分析虚拟语气与情态动词二、教学内容：表示与事实情况相反条件从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式表示过去情况过去完成式(had +done Would / could / might / should (用于第1人称)+have done表示现在情况Were1/4情态动词+V原Ved1/4个情态动词+ do表示将来情况①should + do②were to do虚拟语气表示动作或状态与事实相反，或不可能发生的情况。
一．虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中1. 表示与现在事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：一般过去时（虚拟语气中be→were）主句用：would(should, could, might)+动词原形。
If we had time now, we would read it again.If I were you, I would work hard.2. 表示与过去事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：had+过去分词；主句：would(should, could, might)+have+过去分词。
If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the test.If I had known your telephone number then, I would have called you.3. 表示与将来的事实可能相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：①一般过去时②should +动词原形③were to+动词原形；主句：would(should, could, might)+动词原形。
If it should rain, the crops would be saved.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.P.S 虚拟条件句的特殊情况(1)混合/错综型虚拟语气当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，称为‘错综条件句’，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。
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“would+have+done”虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”
1. I would have told you all about the boy's story, but you didn't ask me. 我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事，但是你没有问我。
2. Without your help, I wouldn't have achieved so much. 没有你的帮助，我是不会取得如此大的成绩。
“could+have+done”是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。
He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。
请看相关知识点：
一、“must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句。
1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。
2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant. 你和仆人说话，一定是发疯了。
二、“can't+have+done”表示对过去事情的否定推测，译成“不可能做过某事”。
1. Mr. Smith can't have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now. 史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。
2. Mary can't have stolen your money. She has gone home. 玛丽不可能偷你的钱，她回家去了。
三、“can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过……吗？”。
1. There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out? 屋里没有灯，他们可能出去了吗？
2. There is nowhere to find them. Where can they have gone? 到处找不到他们，他们可能到什么地方去呢？
四、“could+have+done”是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。
He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。
五、“may+have+done”表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。
—What has happened to George?
—I don't know. He may have got lost.
—乔治发生了什么事？
——我不知道，他可能迷路了。
六、“might+have+done”表示对过去事情的推测，might与may意思相同，但可能性更小。
多用于虚拟语气结构中。
1. He might have given you more help, even though he was busy. 他或许会多给你一些帮助，即使他很忙。
2. She might have achieved greater progress, if you had given her more chances. 如果你多给她点机会，她可能已经取得更大的成绩。
七、“would+have+done”虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”。
1. I would have told you all about the boy's story, but you didn't ask me. 我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事，但是你没有问我。
2. Without your help, I wouldn't have achieved so much. 没有你的帮助，我是不会取得如此大的成绩。
八、“should+have+done”意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做。
” “shouldn't+have+done”表示本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。
含有指责对方或自责的含意。
1. Tom, you are too lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday. 汤姆，你太懒惰了，这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。
2. Look, Tom is crying. I shouldn't have been so harsh on him. 看，汤姆哭了，我本来不应该对他如此严厉。
九、“ought to+have+done”表示过去应该做而实际并没有做，译成“理应做……”，往往表示遗憾。
与“should+have+done”用法基本一样。
I ought to have gone home last Sunday. 我理应上星期日回家。
You ought not to have given him more help. 你不应该帮助他那么多。
十、“need+have+done”表示本来需要做某事而没有做。
“needn't+have+done”则表示“本来不需要做某事而做了”。
I needn't have bought so much wine—only five people came. 我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来了五个人。
He need have hurried to the station. In that case, be wouldn't have missed the train. 他本来需要快点去车站，那样的话，他就不会误了火车。
would like to have done sth 本打算做某事
I would like to have read the article, but I was very busy then.
would rather +have done 当时宁愿做了或没做
I would rather have refuse his offer
where一般等于“介词+ which”，
你把定语从句从句部分还原成正常的句子，看是否需要加介词，如果需要加介词，那么用where或介词+which（这里不能用that）都可以，如果不需要加介词，就直接用which 或that，不能用where，例如：
this is the house in which/where i lived last year，这个句子中还原为i lived the house是不行的，缺了一个in，应该为i lived in the house，因此要用in which，在这里就等于where
this is the place which/that i visited last year. 这个句子中还原i visited the place 是行得通的，不需要加介词，因此直接which/that ，不能用where。