江苏省2019届最新高考信息题(内部资料)

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2019年江苏语文高考试题文档版(含答案)

2019年江苏语文高考试题文档版(含答案)

2019年江苏语文高考试题文档版(含答案)文章已经没有明显的格式错误和有问题的段落。

1.在下面一段话的空缺处依次填入词语,最恰当的一组是(3分)人人都希望自己与众不同,却很少有人能沉静下来用心对待生活。

其实生活很敏锐,你是不是___待它,它一眼就能分辨出来。

你越浮躁,越想得到,距离目标就越远;你努力振作,默默耕耘,惊喜往往就会悄然而至。

2.下列熟语中,没有使用借代手法的一项是(3分)A。

人为刀俎,我为鱼肉B。

人皆可以为___C。

化干戈为玉帛D。

情人眼里出___3.下列各句中,所引诗词不符合语境的一项是(3分)A。

“闲云潭影日悠悠,物换星移几度秋”,往事历历,所有的记忆都在时光里发酵,散发出别样的味道。

B。

“拣尽寒枝不肯栖,寂寞沙洲冷”,正是这种难言的孤独,使他洗去人生的喧闹,去寻找无言的山水,远逝的古人。

C。

“___会有时,直挂云帆济沧海”,青葱少年总是信心满满,跃跃欲试,渴望在未来的岁月中大显身手。

D。

“帘外雨潺潺,春意阑珊”,初春的细雨渐渐沥沥,撩拨了无数文人墨客心中关于江南的绵绵情思。

4.某同学从自己所写的文章里选出以下三组,为每组文章拟一标题,编成集子。

所拟标题与各组文章对应最恰当的一项是(3分)第一组:《看见》《书虫诞生记》《对话苏东坡》《家有书窝》第二组:《同桌的你》《伴我同行》《奔跑吧,兄弟》《没有麦田的守望者》第三组:《感悟青春》《我的“离经叛道”的话》《扪心自问》《当我发呆时我在想些什么》A。

读书万卷寸草春晖我思我在B。

悦读生活寸草春晖指点江山C。

悦读生活那些花儿我思我在D。

读书万卷那些花儿指点江山5.文化宫为评书、古琴、昆曲、木偶戏四个文艺演出专场各准备了一副对联,对联与演出专场对应恰当的一项是(3分)①假笑啼中真面目新笙歌里古衣冠②疑雨疑云颇多关节绘声绘影巧合连环③白雪阳春传雅曲高山流水觅知音④开幕几疑非傀儡舞台虽小有机关A。

①古琴②评书③昆曲④木偶戏B。

①昆曲②评书③古琴④木偶戏C。

2019届江苏高考数学二轮提优内部讲义作业专题七第21讲导数解析几何立体几何数列模型

2019届江苏高考数学二轮提优内部讲义作业专题七第21讲导数解析几何立体几何数列模型

第21讲导数、解析几何、立体几何、数列模型1. (2018·南通考前指导)秸秆还田是当今世界上普通重视的一项培肥地力的增产措施,在杜绝了秸秆焚烧所造成的大气污染的同时还有增肥增产作用.某农机户为了达到在收割的同时让秸秆还田,花137600元购买了一台新型联合收割机,每年用于收割可以收入6万元(已减去所用柴油费).该收割机每年都要定期进行维修保养,第一年由厂方免费维修保养,第二年及以后由该农机户付费维修保养,所付费用y(单位:元)与使用年数n的关系为y=kn +b(n≥2且n∈N*),已知第二年付费1800元,第五年付费6000元.(1) 试求出该农机户用于维修保养的费用f(n)(单位:元)与使用年数n(n∈N*)的函数关系;(2) 这台收割机使用多少年,可使平均收益最大?(收益=收入-维修保养费用-购买机械费用)2. (2018·南通二模)将一铁块高温融化后制成一张厚度忽略不计、面积为100dm2的矩形薄铁皮(如图),并沿虚线l1,l2裁剪成A,B,C三个矩形(B,C全等),用来制成一个柱体.现有两种方案:方案①:以l1为母线,将A作为圆柱的侧面展开图,并从B,C中各裁剪出一个圆形作为圆柱的两个底面;方案②:以l1为侧棱,将A作为正四棱柱的侧面展开图,并从B,C中各裁剪出一个正方形(各边分别与l1或l2垂直)作为正四棱柱的两个底面.(1) 设B,C都是正方形,且其内切圆恰为按方案①制成的圆柱的底面,求底面半径;(2) 设l1的长为xdm,则当x为多少时,能使按方案②制成的正四棱柱的体积最大?(第2题)3. (2018·如皋中学)为了响应新农村的建设,某村计划对现有旧水渠进行改造,已知旧水渠的横断面是一段抛物线弧,顶点为水渠最底端(如图),渠宽为4m,渠深为2m.(1) 考虑到农村耕地面积的减少,为节约水资源,要减少水渠的过水量,在原水渠内填土,使其成为横断面为等腰梯形的新水渠,新水渠底面与地面平行(不改变渠宽),问新水渠底宽为多少时,所填土的土方量最少?(2) 考虑到新建果园的灌溉需求,要增大水渠的过水量,现把旧水渠改挖(不能填土)成横断面为等腰梯形的新水渠,使水渠的底面与地面平行(不改变渠深),要使所挖土的土方量最少,请你设计水渠改挖后的底宽,并求出这个底宽.(第3题)4. (2017·江苏卷)如图,水平放置的正四棱柱形玻璃容器Ⅰ和正四棱台形玻璃容器Ⅱ的高均为32 cm,容器Ⅰ的底面对角线AC的长为107 cm,容器Ⅱ的两底面对角线EG,E1G1的长分别为14 cm和62 cm.分别在容器Ⅰ和容器Ⅱ中注入水,水深均为12 cm.现有一根玻璃棒l,其长度为40 cm.(容器厚度、玻璃棒粗细均忽略不计)(1) 将l放在容器Ⅰ中,l的一端置于点A处,另一端置于侧棱CC1上,求l没入水中部分的长度;(2) 将l放在容器Ⅱ中,l的一端置于点E处,另一端置于侧棱GG1上,求l没入水中部分的长度.容器Ⅰ容器Ⅱ(第4题)。

【精品】江苏省2019年高考理科试题及答案汇总(六份试卷)(word解析版)

【精品】江苏省2019年高考理科试题及答案汇总(六份试卷)(word解析版)

江苏省2019年高考理科试题及答案汇总(六份)目录江苏省2019年高考英语试卷以及答案解析————2 江苏省2019年高考语文试卷以及答案解析————38 江苏省2019年高考数学试卷以及答案解析——72江苏省2019年高考物理试卷以及答案解析————95 江苏省2019年高考化学试卷以及答案解析————121 江苏省2019年高考生物试卷以及答案解析————153江苏省2019年高考英语试卷第一部分听力(共两节)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上.录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上.第一节(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)听下面5段对话.每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项.听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题.每段对话仅读一遍.例:How much is the shirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18C.£9.15.答案是C.1.(1分)Where does this conversation take place?A.In a classroom.B.In a hospital.C.In a museum.2.(1分)What does Jack want to do?A.Take fitness classes.B.Buy a pair of gym shoes.C.Change his work schedule.3.(1分)What are the speakers talking about?A.What to drink.B.Where to meet.C.When to leave.4.(1分)What is the relationship between the speakers?A.Colleagues.B.Classmates.C.Strangers.5.(1分)Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation?A.She might want a ticket.B.She is looking for the man.C.She has an extra ticket.第二节(满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白.每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项.听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或独白读两遍.(2分)听材料,回答下列问题.6How long did James run his business?A.10 years.B.13 years.C.15 years.7How does the woman feel about James' situation?A.Embarrassed.B.Concerned.C.Disappointed.(3分)听材料,回答下列问题.8What has Kate's mother decided to do?A.Return to school.B.Change her job.C.Retire from work.9What did Kate's mother study at college?A.Oil painting.B.Art history.C.Business administration.10What is Kate's attitude toward her mother's decision?A.Disapproving.B.Ambiguous.C.Understanding.(3分)听材料,回答下列问题.11What is the man doing?A.Chairing a meeting.B.Hosting a radio program.C.Conducting a job interview.12What benefits Mary most in her job?A.Her wide reading.B.Her leaders' guidance.C.Her friends' help.13Who will Mary talk about next?A.Her teacher.B.Her father.C.Her mother.(4分)听材料,回答下列问题.14Why does the man seldom do exercise?A.He lacks motivation.B.He has a heart problem.C.He works all the time.15What does Jacob Sattelmair probably do?A.He's an athlete.B.He's a researcher.C.He's a journalist.16Why does the woman speak of a study?A.To encourage the man.B.To recommend an exercise.C.To support her findings.17How much time will the man probably spend exercising weekly?A.300 minutes.B.150 minutes.C.75 minutes.(3分)听材料,回答下列问题.18What did the scientists do to the road?A.They repaired it.B.They painted it.C.They blocked it.19Why are young birds drawn to the road surface?A.It's warm.B.It's brown.C.It's smooth.20What is the purpose of the scientists' experiment?A.To keep the birds there for a whole year.B.To help students study the birds well.C.To prevent the birds from being killed.第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分 35 分)第一节:单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)请认真阅读下面各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.例:It is generally considered unwise to give a child_______he or she wants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever 答案是B.21.(1分)We have entered into an age_______dreams have the best chance of coming true.()A.which B.what C.when D.that22.(1分)The musician along with his band members_______ten performances in the last three months.()A.gives B.has given C.have given D.give23.(1分)The doctor shares his phone number with the patients_______they need medical assistance.()A.if only B.as ifC.even though D.in case24.(1分)More wind power stations will_______to meet the demand for clean energy.()A.take up B.clear up C.hold up D.spring up25.(1分)Scientists have obtained more evidence_______plastic is finding its way into the human body.()A.what B.that C.which D.where26.(1分)Nowadays the_______for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.()A.priority B.potential C.proportion D.pension27.(1分)Favorable policies are _______to encourage employees' professional development.()A.in effect B.in command C.in turn D.in shape28.(1分)Unlike traditional gyms,app﹣backed gyms offer people_______options to exercise.()A.casual B.regular C.flexible D.tight29.(1分)A few months after he had arrived in China,Mr.Smith_______in love with the people and culture there.()A.would fall B.had fallen C.has fallen D.fell30.(1分)_______the convenience of digital payment,many senior citizens started to use smart phones.()A.To enjoy B.EnjoyingC.To have enjoyed D.Enjoy31.(1分)What a pity! You missed the sightseeing or we_______a good time together.()A.had B.will haveC.would have had D.had had32.(1分)China's image is improving steadily, with more countries_______its role in international affairs.()A.recognizing B.being recognizedC.to be recognized D.recognized33.(1分)They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals_______by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.()A.will installB.will have been installedC.are installedD.have been installed34.(1分)A city is the product of the human hand and mind,_______man's intelligence and creativity.()A.resembling B.reflecting C.reviewing D.restoring35.(1分)﹣Let's take a coffee break.﹣_______We've been working for hours.()A.Why bother?B.What for?C.You got me there.D.You said it.第二节:完形填空(满分20分)请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑..(20分)Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age.There are species(物种) that are (1)every day.The white﹣naped crane is a typical example.So scientists are trying their best to(2)the species from going out of existence.Chris and Tim work at a zoo, helping endangered cranes with their (3).Emma, a female crane, has been in their (4)since she arrived in 2004.Born at an international crane foundation, Emma was(5)by human caretakers.This led to an unexpected(6), though she had a wonderful time there.Emma had (7)taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans.She(8)to live with male cranes, and even had a(9)for killing some of them, which made it (10)for her to become a mother.(11),the two zookeepers didn't want to see the extinction (灭绝) of this preciousspecies.With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a (12) of artificial breeding (人工繁殖) and natural reproduction.This(13)Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.The two keepers are proud of their productive work. But before they can be(14), more efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in the wild is on the(15), and many other species appear headed toward extinction.(16),not everyone has realized that wildlife hasthoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive.How can we (17)the ever﹣widening gap that separates us from other animals?Chris and Tim offered us the(18): human beings took it for granted that their(19)held all the solutions,but maybe their hearts can be a better(20).(1)A.growing B.migrating C.competing D.disappearing(2)A.ban B.save C.split D.remove(3)A.abortion B.recreation C.reproduction D.administration(4)A.care B.eye C.mind D.story(5)A.found B.chosen C.raised D.seized(6)A.bonus B.consequence C.victory D.sacrifice(7)A.never B.always C.unluckily D.cheerfully(8)A.liked B.refused C.decided D.hesitated(9)A.gift B.skill C.concern D.reputation(10)A.illegal B.inspiring C.important D.impossible(11)A.Therefore B.Moreover C.However D.Instead(12)A.combination B.collection C.strategy D.system(13)A.forced B.forbade C.taught D.enabled(14)A.defeated B.grateful C.assured D.tolerant(15)A.list B.rise C.agenda D.decline(16)A.In contrast B.After all C.By the way D.On the contrary(17)A.leave B.bridge C.open D.identify(18)A.course B.excuse C.answer D.reward(19)A.brains B.behaviors C.services D.projects(20)A.guide B.treat C.example D.companion第三部分:阅读理解(满分30分)请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.27.(4分)Whatever your age or interests.Buxton has something to see or do to make your visit trulymemorable.High energyIf you desire physical activities,you can choose activities from swimming to horseriding.Explore the heights with Go Ape,the high wire forest adventure course,orjourney beneath the earth at Poole's Cavern.And don't forget:we are surrounded by anatural playground just perfect for walking, caving, climbing and cycling.High mindedBuxton is justifiably proud of its cultural life and you'll find much to suit all tastes with art, music, opera and the performing arts at Buxton Opera House & Pavilion Arts Centre and Green Man Gallery. There are plenty of opportunities for the creative person to become involved, including workshops and events.Keeping the kids happyChildren love the small train and playgrounds in the Pavilion Gardens and there's plenty more to explore at the Buxton Museum. There's a new indoor play centre, plus the special events and workshops, and others during school holiday periods.(1)If you want to take an underground journey,which place is the best choice?A.Poole's Cavern.B.Pavilion Gardens.C.Buxton Museum.D.Green Man Gallery.(2)Buxton Opera House & Pavilion Arts Centre is special because it offers.A.rides in small trainsB.courses in modern artsC.artistic and cultural activitiesD.basic courses in horse riding28.(6分)In the 1960s,while studying the volcanic history of Yellowstone National Park,Bob Christiansen became puzzled about something that,oddly,had not troubled anyone before:he couldn't find the park's volcano.It had been known for a long time that Yellowstone was volcanic in nature﹣that's what accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy features.But Christiansen couldn't find the Yellowstone volcanoanywhere.Most of us,when we talk about volcanoes,think of the classic cone(圆锥体) shapes of a Fuji orKilimanjaro,which are created when erupting magma (岩浆) piles up.These can form remarkablyquickly.In 1943,a Mexican farmer was surprised to see smoke rising from a small part of his land.In one week he was the confused owner of a cone five hundred feet high.Within two years it had topped out at almost fourteen hundred feet and was more than half a mile across.Altogether there are some ten thousand of these volcanoes on Earth,all but a few hundred of them extinct.There is,however,a second less known type of volcano that doesn't involve mountain building.These are volcanoes so explosive that they burst open in a single big crack,leaving behind a vast hole,the caldera.Yellowstone obviously was of this second type,but Christiansen couldn't find the caldera anywhere.Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high﹣altitude cameras by taking photographs ofYellowstone.A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice blow﹣up for one of the visitors' centers.As soon as Christiansen saw the photos,he realized why he had failed to spot the caldera: almost the whole park﹣22 million acres﹣wascaldera.The explosion had left a hole more than forty miles across﹣much too huge to be seen fromanywhere at ground level.At some time in the past Yellowstone must have blown up with a violence far beyond the scale of anything known to humans.(1)What puzzled Christiansen when he was studying Yellowstone?A.Its complicated geographical features.B.Its ever﹣lasting influence on tourism.C.The mysterious history of the park.D.The exact location of the volcano.(2)What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?A.The shapes of volcanoes.B.The impacts of volcanoes.C.The activities of volcanoes.D.The heights of volcanoes.(3)What does the underlined word "blow﹣up" in the last paragraph most probably mean?A.Hot﹣air balloon.B.Digital camera.C.Big photograph.D.Bird's view.29.(8分)Who cares if people think wrongly that the internet has had more important influences than the washing machine? Why does it matter that people are more impressed by the most recent changes?It would not matter if these misjudgments were just a matter of people's opinions, However, they have real impacts, as they result in misguided use of scarce resources.The fascination with the ICT (Information and Communication Technology) revolution, represented by the internet, has made some rich counties wrongly conclude that making things is so "yesterday" that they should try to live on ideas. This belief in "post﹣industrial society" has led those countries to neglect their manufacturing sector (制造业), with negative consequences for their economies.Even more worryingly, the fascination with the internet by people in rich countries has moved theinternational community to worry about the "digital divide" between the rich countries and the poorcountries. This has led companies and individuals to donate money to developing countries to buy computer equipment and internet facilities. The question, however, is whether this is what the developing countries need the most. Perhaps giving money for those less fashionable things such as digging wells, extending electricity networks and making more affordable washing machines would have improved people's lives more than giving every child a laptop computer or setting up internet centres in rural villages. I am not saying that those things are necessarily more important, but many donators have rushed into fancy programmes without carefully assessing the relative long﹣term costs and benefits of alternative uses of their money.In yet another example, a fascination with the new has led people to believe that the recent changes in the technologies of communications and transportation are so revolutionary that now we live in a"borderless world". As a result, in the last twenty years or so, many people have come to believe that whatever change is happening today is the result of great technological progress, going against which will be like trying to turn the clock back. Believing in such a world, many governments have put an end to some of the very necessary regulations on cross﹣border flows of capital, labour and goods, with poor results.Understanding technological trends in very important for correctly designing economic policies, both at the national and the international levels, and for making the right career choices at the individuallevel. However, our fascination with the latest, and our under﹣valuation of what has already become common, can, and has, led us in all sorts of wrong directions.(1)Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to.A.a lack of confidence in technologyB.a slow progress in technologyC.a conflict of public opinionsD.a waste of limited resources(2)The example in Paragraph 4 suggests that donators should.A.take people's essential needs into accountB.make their programmes attractive to peopleC.ensure that each child gets financial supportD.provide more affordable internet facilities(3)What has led many governments to remove necessary regulations?A.Neglecting the impacts of technological advances.B.Believing that the world has become borderless.C.Ignoring the power of economic development.D.Over﹣emphasizing the role of international communication.(4)What can we learn from the passage?A.People should be encouraged to make more donations.B.Traditional technology still has a place nowadays.C.Making right career choices is crucial to personal success.D.Economic policies should follow technological trends.30.(12分)The 65﹣year﹣old Steve Goodwin was found suffering from early Alzheimer's(阿尔兹海默症),He was losing his memory.A software engineer by profession, Steve was a keen lover of the piano, and the only musician in hisfamily. Music was his true passion, though be had never performed outside the family.Melissa, his daughter, felt it more than worthwhile to save his music, to which she fell asleep each night when she was young. She thought about hiring a professional pianist to work with her father. Naomi, Melissa's best friend and a talented pianist, got to know about this and showed willingness to help."Why do this?"Steve wondered."Because she cares."Melissa said.Steve nodded, tear in eye.Naomi drove to the Goodwin home she told Steve she'd love to hear him play. Steve moved to the piano and sat at the bench, hands trembling as he gently placed his fingers on the keys.Naomi put a small recorder near the piano. Starts and stops and mistakes. Long pauses, heart sinking. But Steve pressed on, playing for the first time in his life for a stranger."It was beautiful,"Naomi said after listening to the recording."The music was worth saving."Her responsibility, her privilege, would be to rescue it. The music was still in Steve Goodwin. It was bidden in rooms with doors about to be locked.Naomi and Steve met every other week and spent hours together. He'd move his fingers clumsily on the piano, and then she'd take his place. He struggled to explain what he heard in his head. He stood by the piano, eyes closed, listening for the first time to his own work being played by someone else.Steve and Naomi spoke in musical code: lines, beats, intervals,moving from the root to end a song in a new key. Steve heard it. All of it. He just couldn't play it.Working with Naomi did wonders for Steve. It had excited within him the belief he could write one last song. One day, Naomi received an email.Attached was a recording,a recording of loss and love, ofthe fight.Steve called it"Melancholy Flower."Naomi heard multiple stops and starts, Steve struggling,searching while his wife Joni called him"honey"and encouraged him. The task was so hard, and Steve,angry and upset,said he was quitting. Joni praised him,telling her husband this could be his signature piece.Naomi managed to figure out 16 of Steve's favorite,and most personal,songs.With Naomi's help,the Goodwin family found a sound engineer to record Naomi playing Steve's gongs. Joni thought that would be the end. But it wasn't.In the months leading up to the 2016 Oregon Repertory Singers Christmas concert, Naomi told the director she had a special one in mind:"Melancholy Flower."She told the director about her project with Steve. The director agreed to add it to the playing list. But Naomi would have to ask Steve's permission. He considered it an honor.After the concert, Naomi told the family that Steve's music was beautiful and professional. It needed to be shared in public.The family rented a former church in downtown Portland and scheduled a concert. By the day of the show,more than 300 people had said they would attend.By then, Steve was having a hard time remembering the names of some of his friends. He knew the path his life was now taking. He told his family he was at peace.Steve arrived and sat in the front row, surrounded by his family. The house lights faded. Naomi took the stage. Her fingers. His heart.(1)Why did Melissa want to save her father's music?A.His music could stop his disease from worsening.B.She wanted to please her dying old father.C.His music deserved to be preserved in the family.D.She wanted to make her father a professional.(2)After hearing Steve's playing,Naomi.A.refused to make a comment on itB.was deeply impressed by his musicC.decided to free Steve from sufferingD.regretted offering help to her friend(3)How can the process of Steve's recording be described?A.It was slow but productive.B.It was beneficial to his health.C.It was tiresome for Naomi.D.It was vital for Naomi's career.(4)Before Steve finished "Melancholy Flower,"his wife Joni.A.thought the music talent of Steve was exhaustedB.didn't expect the damage the disease brought aboutC.didn't fully realize the value of her husband's musicD.brought her husband's music career to perfection(5)How did Steve feel at the concert held in downtown Portland?A.He felt concerned about his illness.B.He sensed a responsibility for music.C.He regained his faith in music.D.He got into a state of quiet.(6)What can be a suitable title for the passage?A.The Kindness of FriendsB.The Power of MusicC.The Making of a MusicianD.The Value of Determination第四部分:任务型阅读(满分10分)请认真阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词.请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上.每个空格只填一个单词.31.(10分)The Cost of ThinkingDespite their many differences,all human beings share several defining characteristics,such as large brains and the ability to walk upright on two legs.The first unique human characteristic is that humans have extraordinarily large brains compared with other animals.It seems obvious that evolution should select for larger brains. Mammals(哺乳动物)weighing sixty kilograms have an average brain size of 200 cm3. Modern man has a brain averaging 1200﹣1400cm3.We are so fond of our high intelligence that we assume that when it comes to brain power,more must be better. Unfortunately, that is not the case.The fact is that a huge brain is a huge drain﹣consumption of energy﹣on the body. It's not easy to carry around,especially when boxed inside a massive skull(颅骨). It's even harder to provide energy. In modern man,the brain accounts for about 2﹣3% of total body weight, but it consumes 25% of the body's energy when the body is at rest. By comparison,the brains of apes (类人猿) require only 8% of rest﹣time energy. Early humans paid for their large brains in two ways. Firstly, they spent more time in search of food. Secondly,their muscles grew smaller and weaker. It's hardly an obvious conclusion that this is a good way to survive. A chimpanzee(黑猩猩)can't win an argument with a modern man,but it can tear the man apart like a rag doll.Another unique human characteristic is that we walk upright.Standing up,it's easier to find food or enemies. In addition,their arms that are unnecessary for moving around are freed for other purposes,like throwing stones or signaling.As a result,humans can perform very complex tasks with their hands.Yet walking upright has its disadvantage. The bone structure of our ancestors developed for millions of years to support a creature that walked on all fours and had a relatively small head. Adjusting to an upright position was quite a challenge,especially when the bones had to support an extra﹣large skull. Humankind paid for its broad vision and skillful hands with backaches and painful necks.We assume that a large brain makes huge advantages.It seems obvious that these have made humankind the most powerful animal on earth. But humans enjoyed all of these advantages for a full 2 million years during which they remained weak and marginal creatures. Thus humans who lived a million years ago,despite their big brains and sharp stone tools, lived in constant fear of meat﹣eating animals.The Cost of ThinkingIntroduction●Largebrains fortheir bodiesand theability towalk uprightare two(1)of humanbeings.The(2) of large human brains●The largerbrains maynot be betterbecause ofthe cost.●The bigbrains makeit harder forthe body tomove aroundand consumemoreenergy.●Theanimal brainrequires less(3)when thebody is atrest.●Largehuman brainsconsumemore food,and weakenmuscles.The(4) of walking upright●Walkinguprightmakes it easyto find foodor (5)againstenemies.●Freedhands canserve some(6)purposes andperformcomplextasks.●Walkinguprightchallengesthe humanbonestructure,and (7)the size ofbrains.●Walkinguprightresults in(8)sufferings.Conclusion●With alarge brain,humanbeings (9)other beingsin terms ofintelligence.●Weak andmarginal,humanbeingsremained(10)of meat﹣eatinganimals.第五部分书面表达(满分25分)32.(25分)请阅读下面文字,并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章.Li Jiang: Have you heard this? A group of exchange students from the UK are visiting our school next month.Su Hua: Yes, I have. Some are already recommending the traditional Chinese dress for the welcome ceremony.Li Jiang:But it seems people have different opinions.Su Hua: What do you think?Li Jiang: I think it's a good idea. It's an opportunity to make the Chinese culture better known to international students.Su Hua: I agree. But we don't have to dress that way. That's not our daily style. Besides, it's not very convenient.Li Jiang: You see, it's the Chinese culture that the British friends are coming for. Just the right occasion.Su Hua: I prefer the school uniform. It's nice. It's also a better display of our school culture.【写作内容】1.用约30个词概括上述信息的主要内容;2.在上述场合,你是否倾向于穿中国传统服装?请说明理由(不少于两点).【写作要求】1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句;2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称;3.不必写标题.【评分标准】内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当.江苏省2019年高考英语试卷答案解析第一部分(共20小题;每小题1分,共20分)1.B2.A3.B4.C5.A6.C7.B8.A9.C10.C11.B 12.A 13.C 14.A 15.B 16.A 17.C 18.B19.A 20.C第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分 35 分)第一节:单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)请认真阅读下面各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.例:It is generally considered unwise to give a child_______he or she wants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever 答案是B.21.(1分)We have entered into an age_______dreams have the best chance of coming true.()A.which B.what C.when D.that【分析】我们已经进入了一个年代,这时梦想有最好的机会成真.【解答】考查定语从句.根据句意和结构可知这句话使用定语从句,先行词是an age,定语从句中缺少时间状语,用when引导.故选:C.【点评】本题考查定语从句的用法,首先根据句意判断出先行词是什么,指人还是指物,时间还是地点,再分析从句缺少什么成分,缺主宾表,用关系代词,缺状语用关系副词.22.(1分)The musician along with his band members_______ten performances in the last three months.()A.gives B.has given C.have given D.give【分析】这个音乐家连同他的乐队成员在过去三个月中已经表演了十场.【解答】考查时态和主谓一致.这句话的时间状语是in the last three months和现在完成时搭配,主语由along with连接,谓语和前面的the musician一致.用单数.故选:B.【点评】本题考查动词时态.根据句意和句中所给的时间状语判断应该使用什么时态.23.(1分)The doctor shares his phone number with the patients_______they need medical assistance.()A.if only B.as ifC.even though D.in case【分析】医生将电话号码告诉病人以防他们需要医学帮助.【解答】本题考查连词辨析.if only但愿;as if如果;even though即使;in case以防,根据句意和they need medical assistance可知答案.故选:D.【点评】本题考查连词词义辨析,考生在平时的学习中应注意积累相应的词汇和搭配,并牢记其意思.在做题时,将词义和题干相结合,从语法、句子结构尤其是句意上去判断,句意通顺,符合逻辑,即正确答案.24.(1分)More wind power stations will_______to meet the demand for clean energy.()A.take up B.clear up C.hold up D.spring up【分析】为了满足清洁能源的需求,将涌现出更多的风力发电站.【解答】本题考查动词短语辨析.take up开始从事;clear up清除;hold up举起;spring up不断涌现.根据句意和各个选项的含义可知答案.故选:D.【点评】本题考查动词短语辨析,考生在平时的学习中应注意积累相应的词汇和搭配,并牢记其意思.在做题时,将词义和题干相结合,从语法、句子结构尤其是句意上去判断,句意通顺,符合逻辑,即正确答案.25.(1分)Scientists have obtained more evidence_______plastic is finding its way into the human body.()A.what B.that C.which D.where【分析】科学家们已经获得了更多的证据,证明塑料正在进入人体.【解答】本题考查同位语从句,根据句意和结构可知evidence后面是同位语从句,从句内容和意思都完整,用that引导.故选:B.【点评】本题考查名词性从句,首先判断属于哪种名词性从句,再判断从句缺少什么成分,如果缺少主宾表,用what,不缺少成分和意思用that,缺少疑问词根据句意判断.26.(1分)Nowadays the_______for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.()A.priority B.potential C.proportion D.pension【分析】如今,旅游的重点从购物转向了食物和风景.【解答】本题考查名词辨析.priority优先考虑的事情,重点;potential潜能;proportion比例;pension养老金.根据句意和 from shopping to food and scenery可知答案.故选:A.【点评】本题考查名词词义辨析,考生在平时的学习中应注意积累相应的词汇和搭配,并牢记其意思.在做题时,将词义和题干相结合,从语法、句子结构尤其是句意上去判断,句意通顺,符合逻辑,即正确答案.27.(1分)Favorable policies are _______to encourage employees' professional development.()A.in effect B.in command C.in turn D.in shape【分析】优惠政策有效地鼓励了员工的职业发展.。

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试江苏卷(解析版)

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试江苏卷(解析版)

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试·江苏卷一、语言文字运用(12分)1.在下面一段话的空缺处依次填入词语,最恰当的一组是(3分)提到桃花源,许多人会联想到瓦尔登湖。

真实的瓦尔登湖,早已成为的观光胜地,梭罗的小木屋前也经常聚集着的游客,不复有隐居之地的气息。

然而虚构的桃花源一直就在我们的心中,哪怕在人潮汹涌的现代都市,也可以获得心灵的宁静。

A.名闻遐迩闻风而至杂居 B.名噪一时闻风而至栖居C.名噪一时纷至沓来杂居D.名闻遐迩纷至沓来栖居2.在下面一段文字横线处填入语句,衔接最恰当的一项是(3分)在南方,芭蕉栽植容易,几乎四季常青。

至于月映蕉影、雪压残叶,那更是诗人画家所向往的了。

①它覆盖面积大,吸收热量大,叶子湿度大。

②古人在走廊或书房边种上芭蕉,称为蕉廊、蕉房,饶有诗意。

③因此蕉阴之下,是最舒适的小坐闲谈之处。

④在旁边配上几竿竹,点上一块石,真像一幅元人的小景。

⑤在夏日是清凉世界,在秋天是分绿上窗。

⑥小雨乍至,点滴醒人;斜阳初过,青翠照眼。

A.①③②④⑥⑤B.①④②③⑥⑤C.②①④③⑤⑥D.②③④①⑤⑥3.下列诗句与“悯农馆”里展示的劳动场景,对应全部正确的一项是(3分)①笑歌声里轻雷动,一夜连枷响到明。

②种密移疏绿毯平,行间清浅縠纹生。

③分畴翠浪走云阵,刺水绿针抽稻芽。

④阴阴阡陌桑麻暗,轧轧房栊机杼鸣。

A.①织布②插秧③车水④打稻B.①织布②车水③插秧④打稻C.①打稻②插秧③车水④织布D.①打稻②车水③插秧④织布4.阅读下图,对VR(即“虚拟现实”)技术的解说不正确的一项是(3分)VR的未来方向A.VR技术能提供三个维度的体验:知觉体验、行为体验和精神体验。

B.现有的VR技术在精神体验上发展较快,而在知觉体验上发展较慢。

C.VR技术的未来方向是知觉体验、行为体验和精神体验的均衡发展。

D.期许的VR体验将极大提高行为体验的自由度和精神体验的满意度。

二、文言文阅读(20分)阅读下面的文言文,完成5—8题。

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(江苏卷)

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(江苏卷)

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(江苏卷)语文考前须知:1、答题前,考生在答题卡上务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清晰,并贴好条形码,请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。

2、每题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选择其他答案标号,在试卷上作答无效。

3、第I卷共10小题,每题3分,共30分。

在每题给出的四个选项中,只有一项符合题目要求。

【一】语言文字运用〔15分〕⒈以下词语中加点的字,读音完全正确的一组是〔〕〔3分〕A.调.度/宏观调.控降.解/降.龙伏虎搪塞./敷衍塞.责B.省.视/省.吃俭用拓.本/落拓.不羁纤.绳/纤.尘不染C.圈.养/可圈.可点喷薄./厚古薄.今重.申/老成持重.D.臧否./否.极泰来乐.府/乐.不思蜀屏.蔽/屏.气凝神【参考答案】B项“省视/省吃俭用,拓本/落拓不羁,纤绳/纤尘不染”。

【考点】识记现代汉语一般话常用字的字音,考查要求识记字音,不要求拼写,重点考查声母和韵母,注意读音与意义的相关性。

【解析】连续近两年命题思路,完全落实在多音多义词的辨读上,应当说没有难度。

各组每对读音分别是A.diào/tiáojiàng/xiángsèB.xǐng/shěngtà/tuòqiàn/xiānC.juàn/qu ānbóchóng/zhòngD.pǐyuè/lèpíng/bǐng⒉以下各句中,没有语病的一句是〔〕〔3分〕A.随着全球气温升高,飓风、洪水、干旱等极端气象事件的频率和强度正在增加,气候变暖已成为全人类必须共同面对的挑战。

B.对“80后”作家来说,存在的最大问题确实是要克服彼此间的同质化倾向,张扬自己的艺术个性才是他们的进展之路。

C.尽管国际金融危机的妨碍还在蔓延,但随着一系列经济刺激计划的逐步落实,中国经济出现回暖迹象,人们对经济复苏的信心开始回升。

南通市2019届高三信息卷

南通市2019届高三信息卷

南通市2019届高三信息卷数 学 10.04参考公式:线性回归系数1221,ni ii nii x y nx yb a y bx xnx==-==--∑∑一、填空题:本大题共14小题,每小题5分,共70分. 1. 设U R =,2{|0}M x x x =-≤,函数()f x =为N ,则M N =I ▲ .2. 已知复数z 满足i z i 34)21(+=+,则z = ▲ .3. 如图是一个几何体的三视图.若它的表面积为7π,则正(主)视图中a = ▲ .4. 将侧棱相互垂直的三棱锥称为“直角三棱锥”,三棱锥的侧面和底面分别叫直角三棱 锥的“直角面和斜面”.直角三角形具有性质:“两条直角边边长的平方和等于斜边边长 的平方”.仿照此性质写出直角三棱锥具有的性质: ▲ .数学试卷 第1页(共4页)5. 函数()sin()f x A x ωϕ=+(其中0,||2A πϕ><)的图象如图所示,则(0)f = ▲ .6. 今年一轮又一轮的寒潮席卷全国.某商场为了了解某品牌羽绒服的月销售量y (件)与月平均气温()x C o之间的关系,由表中数据算出线性回归方程ˆybx a =+中的2b ≈-.气象部门预测下个月的平均气温约为6C o ,据此估计,该商场下个月毛衣的销售量的件数约为▲ .7. 若,x y 满足约束条件2100408x y x y +≥⎧⎪≤≤⎨⎪≤≤⎩,则43z x y =+的最小值为 ▲ .8. 如图所示的算法流程图,当输入2,3,1a b c ===时,运行程序最后输出的结果为 ▲ . 9. 在△ABC 中,45,60,AB A B ===则BC 等于 ▲ .10.已知双曲线22221(0,0)x y a b a b-=>>的一条渐近线方程为20x y +=,则双曲线的离心率e 的值为 ▲ .11. 若数列{}n a 满足:111,2()n n a a a n N *+==∈,其前项和为n S ,则444S a -= ▲ . 12. 已知函数()()1||xf x x R x =∈+ 时,则下列结论不.正确的是 ▲ . (1).x R ∀∈,等式()()0f x f x -+=恒成立(2).(0,1)m ∃∈,使得方程|()|f x m =有两个不等实数根 (3).12,x x R ∀∈,若12x x ≠,则一定有12()()f x f x ≠ (4).(1,)k ∃∈+∞,使得函数()()g x f x kx =-在R 上有三个零点数学试卷 第2页(共4页)第5题图第8题图第3题13. 已知函数32()22f x x x =-+有唯一零点,则下列区间必存在零点的是 ▲ 14.数列{}n a 满足下列条件:11a =,且对于任意的正整数n ,恒有2n n a a n =+,则1002a 的值为 ▲二、解答题:本大题共6小题,共90分,解答应写出文字说明,证明过程或演算步骤. 15. (本题满分14分)已知向量(cos ,sin )OA αα=([,0]απ∈-).向量(2,1)=m,(0,=n , 且m (OA ⊥-)n . (Ⅰ) 求向量OA ;(Ⅱ)若cos()βπ-0βπ<<,求cos(2)αβ-.16. (本题满分14分)某校从参加高一年级期中考试的学生中随机抽取60名学生,将其数学成绩(均为整数)分成六段[)50,40,[)60,50…[]100,90后得到如下部分频率分布直方图.观察图形的信息,回答下列问题:(Ⅰ)求分数在[)70,80内的频率,并补全这个频率分布直方图;(Ⅱ)统计方法中,同一组数据常用该组区间的中点值作为代表,据此估计本次考试的平均分; (Ⅲ)用分层抽样的方法在分数段为[)80,60的学生中抽取一个容量为6的样本,将该样本看成一个总体,从中任取2人,求至多有1人在分数段[)80,70的概率.数学试卷 第3页(共4页)17 . (本题满分15分)如图所示的长方体1111ABCD A B C D -中,底面ABCD 是边长为2的正方形,O 为AC 与BD的交点,1BB = M 是线段11B D 的中点. (Ⅰ)求证://BM 平面1D AC ; (Ⅱ)求三棱锥11D AB C -的体积.18. (本题满分15分)在平面直角坐标系中,已知点(1,1)P -,过点P 作抛物线20:T y x =的切线,其切点分别为11(,)M x y 、22(,)N x y (其中12x x <). (Ⅰ)求1x 与2x 的值;(Ⅱ)若以点P 为圆心的圆E 与直线MN 相切,求圆E 的面积;(Ⅲ)过原点(0,0)O 作圆E 的两条互相垂直的弦,AC BD ,求四边形ABCD 面积的最大值.19. (本题满分16分)已知二次函数2()f x ax bx c =++(0c >) 的导函数的图象如图所示: (Ⅰ)求函数()f x 的解析式; (Ⅱ)令()()f x g x x=,求()y g x =在[1,2]上的最大值.20.(本题满分16分)已知点列1122(1,),(2,),,(,),n n B y B y B n y (*)n N ∈顺次为直线4xy =上的点,点列1122(,0),(,0),,(,0),n n A x A x A x (*)n N ∈顺次为x 轴上的点,其中1x a =(01)a <<,对任意的*n N ∈,点n A 、n B 、1+n A 构成以n B 为顶点的等腰三角形. (Ⅰ)求证:对任意的*n N ∈,n n x x -+2是常数,并求数列{}n x 的通项公式; (Ⅱ)问是否存在等腰直角三角形1+n n n A B A ?请说明理由. 数学试卷 第4页(共4页)第19题图第16题图第17题图1. [0,1)2. i -23. 24. 直角三棱锥中,三个直角面面积的平方和等于斜面面积的平方52 6. 46 7.22 8.1,12-- 9. 33-10. 2 11.17- 12. (4) 13 1(1,)2-- 14.4950215解析:(Ⅰ)∵(cos ,sin )OA αα=,∴(cos ,sin OA n αα-=+, ……………1分 ∵()m OA n ⊥-,∴()0m OA n ⋅-=,即2cos (sin 0αα+= ① ………2分 又22sin cos 1αα+= ②由①②联立方程解得,cos α=,sin 5α=-. ………………5分∴(55OA =-- ……………………………………6分(Ⅱ)∵cos()10βπ-=cos 10β=-,0βπ<<, …………7分∴sin β=,2πβπ<< ……………8分又∵4sin 22sin cos 2((5ααα==⨯⨯=, ………………10分 243cos 22cos 12155αα=-=⨯-=, ………………………12分∴34cos(2)cos 2cos sin 2sin (55αβαβαβ-=+=⨯+==.14分16.(本题满分14分)解析:(Ⅰ)分数在[)70,80内的频率为:1(0.0100.0150.0150.0250.005)10-++++⨯10.70.3=-=,故0.30.0310=, 如图所示: -----------------------6分(求频率2分,作图2分) (Ⅱ)平均分为:450.1550.15650.15750.3850.25950.0571x =⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯=.----------------7分(Ⅲ)由题意,[)60,70分数段的人数为:0.15609⨯=人; ----------------8分[)70,80分数段的人数为:0.36018⨯=人; ----------------9分∵在[)80,60的学生中抽取一个容量为6的样本,∴[)60,70分数段抽取2人,分别记为,m n ;[)70,80分数段抽取4人,分别记为,,,a b c d ; 设从样本中任取2人,至多有1人在分数段[)80,70为事件A ,则基本事件空间包含的基本事件有: (,)m n 、(,)m a 、(,)m b 、(,)m c 、(,)m d 、……、(,)c d 共15种, 则事件A 包含的基本事件有:(,)m n 、(,)m a 、(,)m b 、(,)m c 、(,)m d 、(,)n a 、(,)n b 、(,)n c 、(,)n d 共9种,----12分 ∴93()155P A ==. --------------------------------14分 17.(本题满分15分)解析:(Ⅰ)连接1D O ,如图, ∵O 、M 分别是BD 、11B D 的中点,11BD D B 是矩形, ∴四边形1D OBM 是平行四边形, ∴1//D O BM .--------2分∵1D O ⊂平面1D AC ,BM ⊄平面1D AC ,∴//BM 平面1D AC .------------------------4分(Ⅱ)连接1OB ,∵正方形ABCD 的边长为2,1BB ,∴11B D =12OB =,12D O =,则2221111OB D O B D +=,∴11OB D O ⊥. --------------------------------6分又∵在长方体1111ABCD A B C D -中,AC BD ⊥,1AC D D ⊥,且1BD D D D =,∴AC ⊥平面11BDD B ,又1D O ⊂平面11BDD B , ∴1AC D O ⊥,又1ACOB O =, -------------------------------10分∴1D O ⊥平面1AB C ,即1D O 为三棱锥11D AB C -的高.--------------------------------12分∵1111222AB C S AC OB ∆=⋅⋅=⨯=12D O =∴111111233D AB CAB C V S D O -∆=⋅⋅=⨯=.--------------------------------145分 18. 解析:(Ⅰ)由2y x =可得,2y x '=. --------------------------------1分∵直线PM 与曲线0T 相切,且过点(1,1)P -,∴2111121x x x +=-,即211210x x --=,∴11x ==11x = -------------------------------3分同理可得:21x =,或21x = --------------------------------4分 ∵12x x <,∴11x =21x = --------------------------------5分(Ⅱ)由(Ⅰ)知,122x x +=,121x x ⋅=-,则直线MN 的斜率221212121212y y x x k x x x x x x --===+--,--∴直线M 的方程为:1121()()y y x x x x -=+-,又211y x =,∴22112112()y x x x x x x x -=+--,即210x y -+=.--------------------------------7分∵点P 到直线MN 的距离即为圆E的半径,即r == --------------------8分 故圆E 的面积为216644455S r πππ==⋅=. --------------------------------9分 (Ⅲ)四边形ABCD 的面积为12S AC BD =g不妨设圆心E 到直线AC 的距离为1d ,垂足为1E ;圆心E 到直线BD 的距离为2d ,垂足为2E ;则AC BD == --------------------10分由于四边形12EE OE 为矩形.且2222212(10)(10)2d d OE +==-+--= ------------13分所以12S AC BD ==g 由基本不等式222ab a b ≤+可得2222212222()5S r d d ≤+=-+=,当且仅当12d d =时等号成立. ----------15分注:(Ⅲ)解法较多,阅卷时可酌情给分. 19.(本题满分16分)解析:(Ⅰ)因为()2f x ax b '=+,由图可知,()21f x x '=+,--------------------------2分∴221a b =⎧⎨=⎩,得11a b =⎧⎨=⎩,故所求函数解析式为c x x x f ++=2)(.---------------------4分(Ⅱ)2()()1f x x x c c g x x x x x ++===++,则222()1c x c g x x x -'=-==--6分 法一:1<,即01c <<时,()0g x '>,∴()g x 在[1,2]上是增函数,故max 1()(2)32g x g c ==+.---------------------------8分②若12≤≤,即14c ≤≤,当1x ≤<()0g x '<2x ≤≤时,()0g x '>;∵(1)2g c =+,1(2)32g c =+, ∴当12c ≤≤时,(1)(2)g g ≤,max 1()(2)32g x g c ==+; 当24c <≤时,(1)(2)g g >,max ()(1)2g x g c ==+.-------------------------------12分2>,即4c >时,()0g x '<,∴()g x 在[1,2]上是减函数,故max ()(1)2g x g c ==+.-------------------------------14分 综上所述,当02c <≤时,max 1()32g x c =+;当2c >时,max ()2g x c =+. ------16分 法二:当0x ≤<()0g x '<;当x ≥()0g x '>; ----------8分∴当1=x 或2=x 时,)(x g 取得最大值,其中2)1(+=c g ,32)2(+=cg , 当20≤<c 时,32)2()(max +==cg x g ;当2≥c 时,2)1()(max +==c g x g . ------16分20解:(Ⅰ)由题意得(,)4n nB n ,(,0)n n A x ,11(,0)n n A x ++,∵点n A 、n B 、1+n A 构成以n B 为顶点的等腰三角形,∴1||||n n n n A B A B +==得221111122()()2()n n n n n n n n n n x nx x nx x x x x n x x +++++-=-⇒-+=-又∵1n n x x +≠,∴12n n x x n ++=, ①则212(1)n n x x n +++=+ ②由②-①得,22n n x x +-=,即n n x x -+2是常数. -------------------------------6分即所列{}{}212,()k k x x k N *-∈都是等差数列.(注:可以直接由图像得到n x x n n =++21,即n x x n n 21=++ , (n *∈N ) ) 当n 为正奇数时,11(1)212n n x x a n +=+-⨯=+-, 当n 为正偶数时,由212x x +=得,22x a =-,故2(1)22n n x x n a =+-⨯=-,∴1, (, ()n a n n x n a n +-⎧=⎨-⎩为正奇数为正偶数). ------------------------------8分(Ⅱ)假设存在等腰直角三角形1+n n n A B A ,由题意190n n n A B A +∠=. 在1n n n Rt A B A +∆中,11||||242n n n n n nA A x x ++=-=⨯=. ------------------------------10分 当n 为正奇数时,1n x a n =+-,11n x n a +=+-,∴1|||11||22|2(1)n n x x n a a n a a +-=+---+=-=-,故有2(1)24n a -=⨯,即14n a -=, 又∵01a <<,∴011a <-<,∴014n<<,即04n <<, ∴当1,3n =时,使得三角形1+n n n A B A 为等腰直角三角形.------------------------------12分 当n 为正偶数时,n x n a =-,111n x a n a n +=++-=+, ∴1|||||2|2n n x x a n n a a a +-=+-+==,故有224n a =⨯,即4n a =, 又∵01a <<,∴014n<<,即04n <<, ∴当2n =时,使得三角形1+n n n A B A 为等腰直角三角形. ------------------------------14分 综上所述,当1,2,3n =时,使得三角形1+n n n A B A 为等腰直角三角形. ------------------------------16分 注:也可以回答为113,,424a =时,使得三角形1+n n n A B A 为等腰直角三角形.。

2019年江苏高考文综试题及答案

2019年江苏高考文综试题及答案

【导语】温馨提⽰2019⾼考考⽣,江苏2019年⾼考将在6⽉7⽇开始举⾏,江苏⾼考⽂综考试时间安排在6⽉8⽇9:00⾄11:30期间进⾏,请⼴⼤考⽣提前准备好准考证及考试需要的⽤品,顺顺利利参加本届普通⾼等学校招⽣全国统⼀考试。

为⽅便考⽣及时估分,⾼考频道将在2019年6⽉8⽇11:30考后陆续公布2019年江苏⾼考⽂综试题及答案信息。

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⾼考时间全国统考于6⽉7⽇开始举⾏,具体科⽬考试时间安排为:6⽉7⽇9:00⾄11:30语⽂;15:00⾄17:00数学。

6⽉8⽇9:00⾄11:30⽂科综合/理科综合;15:00⾄17:00外语,有外语听⼒测试内容的应安排在外语笔试考试开始前进⾏。

各省(区、市)考试科⽬名称与全国统考科⽬名称相同的必须与全国统考时间安排⼀致。

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全国统考科⽬中的外语分英语、俄语、⽇语、法语、德语、西班⽛语等6个语种,由考⽣任选其中⼀个语种参加考试。

时间6⽉7⽇6⽉8⽇上午语⽂(09:00:00-11:30:00)⽂科综合/理科综合(09:00:00-11:30:00)下午数学(15:00:00-17:00:00)外语(15:00:00-17:00:00)答题规范选择题:必须⽤2B铅笔按填涂⽰例将答题卡上对应的选项涂满、涂⿊;修改答题时,应使⽤橡⽪轻擦⼲净并不留痕迹,选择题:注意不要擦破答题卡。

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2019年江苏卷物理高考试题文档版含答案【精】

2019年江苏卷物理高考试题文档版含答案【精】

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(江苏卷)物 理注 意 事 项考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求1.本试卷共8页,包含选择题(第1题~第9题,共9题)、非选择题(第10题~第15题,共6题)两部分.本卷满分为120分,考试时间为100分钟.考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回. 2.答题前,请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置. 3.请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符.4.作答选择题,必须用2B 铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑;如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案.作答非选择题,必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答,在其他位置作答一律无效.5.如需作图,须用2B 铅笔绘、写清楚,线条、符号等须加黑、加粗.一、单项选择题:本题共5小题,每小题3分,共计15分.每小题只有一个....选项符合题意. 1.某理想变压器原、副线圈的匝数之比为1:10,当输入电压增加20 V 时,输出电压(A )降低2 V(B )增加2 V(C )降低200 V(D )增加200 V2.如图所示,一只气球在风中处于静止状态,风对气球的作用力水平向右.细绳与竖直方向的夹角为α,绳的拉力为T ,则风对气球作用力的大小为(A )sin Tα(B )cos Tα(C )T sin α (D )T cos α3.如图所示的电路中,电阻R =2 Ω.断开S 后,电压表的读数为3 V ;闭合S 后,电压表的读数为2 V ,则电源的内阻r 为(A )1 Ω(B )2 Ω(C )3 Ω(D )4 Ω4.1970年成功发射的“东方红一号”是我国第一颗人造地球卫星,该卫星至今仍沿椭圆轨道绕地球运动.如图所示,设卫星在近地点、远地点的速度分别为v 1、v 2,近地点到地心的距离为r ,地球质量为M ,引力常量为G .则(A )121,GM v v v r >=(B )121,GMv v v r >>(C )121,GM v v v r <=(D )121,GMv v v r <>5.一匀强电场的方向竖直向上,t =0时刻,一带电粒子以一定初速度水平射入该电场,电场力对粒子做功的功率为P ,不计粒子重力,则P -t 关系图象是二、多项选择题:本题共4小题,每小题4分,共计16分.每小题有多个选项符合题意.全部选对的得4分,选对但不全的得2分.错选或不答的得0分.6.如图所示,摩天轮悬挂的座舱在竖直平面内做匀速圆周运动.座舱的质量为m ,运动半径为R ,角速度大小为ω,重力加速度为g ,则座舱(A)运动周期为2πR ω(B)线速度的大小为ωR(C)受摩天轮作用力的大小始终为mg(D)所受合力的大小始终为mω2R7.如图所示,在光滑的水平桌面上,a和b是两条固定的平行长直导线,通过的电流强度相等.矩形线框位于两条导线的正中间,通有顺时针方向的电流,在a、b产生的磁场作用下静止.则a、b的电流方向可能是(A)均向左(B)均向右(C)a的向左,b的向右(D)a的向右,b的向左8.如图所示,轻质弹簧的左端固定,并处于自然状态.小物块的质量为m,从A点向左沿水平地面运动,压缩弹簧后被弹回,运动到A点恰好静止.物块向左运动的最大距离为s,与地面间的动摩擦因数为μ,重力加速度为g,弹簧未超出弹性限度.在上述过程中(A)弹簧的最大弹力为μmg(B)物块克服摩擦力做的功为2μmgs(C)弹簧的最大弹性势能为μmgs(D)物块在A点的初速度为2gsμ9.如图所示,ABC为等边三角形,电荷量为+q的点电荷固定在A点.先将一电荷量也为+q的点电荷Q1从无穷远处(电势为0)移到C点,此过程中,电场力做功为-W.再将Q1从C点沿CB移到B点并固定.最后将一电荷量为-2q的点电荷Q2从无穷远处移到C点.下列说法正确的有(A)Q1移入之前,C点的电势为W q(B)Q1从C点移到B点的过程中,所受电场力做的功为0(C)Q2从无穷远处移到C点的过程中,所受电场力做的功为2W(D)Q2在移到C点后的电势能为-4W三、简答题:本题分必做题(第10~12题)和选做题(第13题)两部分,共计42分.请将解答填写在答题卡相应的位置.【必做题】10.(8分)某兴趣小组用如题10-1图所示的装置验证动能定理.(1)有两种工作频率均为50 Hz的打点计时器供实验选用:A.电磁打点计时器B.电火花打点计时器为使纸带在运动时受到的阻力较小,应选择(选填“A”或“B”).(题10-1图)(2)保持长木板水平,将纸带固定在小车后端,纸带穿过打点计时器的限位孔.实验中,为消除摩擦力的影响,在砝码盘中慢慢加入沙子,直到小车开始运动.同学甲认为此时摩擦力的影响已得到消除.同学乙认为还应从盘中取出适量沙子,直至轻推小车观察到小车做匀速运动.看法正确的同学是(选填“甲”或“乙”).(3)消除摩擦力的影响后,在砝码盘中加入砝码.接通打点计时器电源,松开小车,小车运动.纸带被打出一系列点,其中的一段如题10-2图所示.图中纸带按实际尺寸画出,纸带上A 点的速度v A = m/s .(题10-2图)(4)测出小车的质量为M ,再测出纸带上起点到A 点的距离为L .小车动能的变化量可用ΔE k =212A Mv 算出.砝码盘中砝码的质量为m ,重力加速度为g ;实验中,小车的质量应 (选填“远大于”“远小于”或“接近”)砝码、砝码盘和沙子的总质量,小车所受合力做的功可用W=mgL 算出.多次测量,若W 与ΔE k 均基本相等则验证了动能定理.11.(10分)某同学测量一段长度已知的电阻丝的电阻率.实验操作如下:(1)螺旋测微器如题11-1图所示.在测量电阻丝直径时,先将电阻丝轻轻地夹在测砧与测微螺杆之间,再旋动 (选填“A ”“B ”或“C ”),直到听见“喀喀”的声音,以保证压力适当,同时防止螺旋测微器的损坏.(题11–1图)(2)选择电阻丝的 (选填“同一”或“不同”)位置进行多次测量,取其平均值作为电阻丝的直径. (3)题11-2甲图中R x ,为待测电阻丝.请用笔画线代替导线,将滑动变阻器接入题11-2乙图实物电路中的正确位置.(题11-2甲图) (题11-2乙图)(4)为测量R ,利用题11-2甲图所示的电路,调节滑动变阻器测得5组电压U 1和电流I 1的值,作出的U 1–I 1关系图象如题11-3图所示.接着,将电压表改接在a 、b 两端,测得5组电压U 2和电流I 2的值,数据见下表: U 2/V 0.50 1.02 1.54 2.05 2.55 I 2/mA20.040.060.080.0100.0请根据表中的数据,在方格纸上作出U 2–I 2图象.(5)由此,可求得电阻丝的R x = Ω.根据电阻定律可得到电阻丝的电阻率. 12.[选修3–5](12分)(1)质量为M 的小孩站在质量为m 的滑板上,小孩和滑板均处于静止状态,忽略滑板与地面间的摩擦.小孩沿水平方向跃离滑板,离开滑板时的速度大小为v ,此时滑板的速度大小为 . (A )mv M(B )M v m(C )mv m M+ (D )Mv m M+ (2)100年前,卢瑟福用α粒子轰击氮核打出了质子.后来,人们用α粒子轰击6028Ni 核也打出了质子:460621228291He+Ni Cu+H X→+;该反应中的X 是 (选填“电子”“正电子”或“中子”).此后,对原子核反应的持续研究为核能利用提供了可能.目前人类获得核能的主要方式是 (选填“核衰变”“核裂变”或“核聚变”).(3)在“焊接”视网膜的眼科手术中,所用激光的波长λ=6.4×107 m,每个激光脉冲的能量E=1.5×10-2 J.求每个脉冲中的光子数目.(已知普朗克常量h=6.63×l0-34 J·s,光速c=3×108 m/s.计算结果保留一位有效数字)【选做题】13.本题包括A、B两小题,请选定其中一小题,并在相应的答题区域内作答......................若多做,则按A小题评分.A.[选修3–3](12分)(1)在没有外界影响的情况下,密闭容器内的理想气体静置足够长时间后,该气体.(A)分子的无规则运动停息下来(B)每个分子的速度大小均相等(C)分子的平均动能保持不变(D)分子的密集程度保持不变(2)由于水的表面张力,荷叶上的小水滴总是球形的.在小水滴表面层中,水分子之间的相互作用总体上表现为(选填“引力”或“斥力”).分子势能E p和分子间距离r的关系图象如题13A-1图所示,能总体上反映小水滴表面层中水分子E p的是图中(选填“A”“B”或“C”)的位置.(3)如题13A-2图所示,一定质量理想气体经历A→B的等压过程,B→C的绝热过程(气体与外界无热量交换),其中B→C过程中内能减少900 J.求A→B→C过程中气体对外界做的总功.B.[选修3–4](12分)(1)一单摆做简谐运动,在偏角增大的过程中,摆球的.(A)位移增大(B)速度增大(C)回复力增大(D)机械能增大(2)将两支铅笔并排放在一起,中间留一条狭缝,通过这条狭缝去看与其平行的日光灯,能观察到彩色条纹,这是由于光的(选填“折射”“干涉”或“衍射”).当缝的宽度(选填“远大于”或“接近”)光波的波长时,这种现象十分明显.(3)如图所示,某L形透明材料的折射率n=2.现沿AB方向切去一角,AB与水平方向的夹角为θ.为使水平方向的光线射到AB面时不会射入空气,求θ的最大值.四、计算题:本题共3小题,共计47分.解答时请写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤.只写出最后答案的不能得分.有数值计算的题,答案中必须明确写出数值和单位.14.(15分)如图所示,匀强磁场中有一个用软导线制成的单匝闭合线圈,线圈平面与磁场垂直.已知线圈的面积S=0.3 m2、电阻R=0.6 Ω,磁场的磁感应强度B=0.2 T.现同时向两侧拉动线圈,线圈的两边在Δt=0.5s时间内合到一起.求线圈在上述过程中(1)感应电动势的平均值E;(2)感应电流的平均值I,并在图中标出电流方向;(3)通过导线横截面的电荷量q.15.(16分)如图所示,质量相等的物块A和B叠放在水平地面上,左边缘对齐.A与B、B与地面间的动摩擦因数均为μ。

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江苏省2019届最新高考信息题(内部资料)1.已知2112{|lg 0},{|222,}x M x x N x x Z -+===<<∈,则MN = .2.sin θ(3 4.函数y 6.下右图是一个算法的程序框图,该算法所输出的结果是 .7___________个 8人成绩的标准差为 .9k 称为公比和.已知数列{ .10.动点(,)P a b 在不等式组2000x y x y y +-≤⎧⎪-≥⎨⎪≥⎩表示的平面区域内部及其边界上运动,则31a b w a +-=-的取值范围是 .11.已知114sin cos 3a a +=,则a 2sin = .12.已知0>a ,设函数120092007()sin ([,])20091x x f x x x a a ++=+∈-+的最大值为M ,最小值为N ,那么=+N M . 13.奇函数y=f(x)的定义域为R ,当x ≥0时,f(x)=2x-x 2,设函y=f(x),x ∈[a,b]的值域为],1,1[ab 则b 的最小值为_ ____14.点P 到点A (21,0),B (a ,2)及到直线x =-21的距离都相等,如果这样的点恰好只有一个, 那么a 的值是____________.二、解答题:本大题共6小题,共计90分.解答应写出必要的文字说明步骤. 15.(本小题满分14分)某中学为增强学生环保意识,举行了“环抱知识竞赛”,共有900名学生参加这次竞赛为了解本次竞赛 成绩情况,从中抽取了部分学生的成绩(得分均为整 数,满分为100分)进行统计,请你根据尚未完成的频 率分布表解答下列问题:(Ⅰ)求①、②、③处的数值;(Ⅱ)成绩在[70,90)分的学生约为多少人? (Ⅲ)估计总体平均数; 16.(本小题满分14分)已知向量()sin ,cos sin a x x x =+, ()2cos ,cos sin b x x x =-,x R ∈,设函数()f x a b =⋅ (Ⅰ)求函数)(x f 的最大值及相应的自变量x 的取值集合; (II )当)8,0(0π∈x 且524)(0=x f 时,求)3(0π+x f 的值17.(本小题满分15分)如图,AB 为圆O 的直径,点E 、F 在圆O 上,且//AB EF ,矩形ABCD 所在的平面和圆O 所在的平面互相垂直,且2AB =,1AD EF ==. (1)求证:AF ⊥平面CBF ;(2)设FC 的中点为M ,求证://OM 平面DAF ;(3)设平面CBF 将几何体EFABCD 分成的两个锥体的体积分别为F ABCD V -,F CBE V -,求:F ABCD F CBE V V --.18.(本小题满分15分)在平面直角坐标系xOy 中 ,已知以O 为圆心的圆与直线l :(34)y mx m =+-,()m R ∈恒有公共点,且要求使圆O 的面积最小.(1)写出圆O 的方程;(2)圆O 与x 轴相交于A 、B 两点,圆内动点P 使||PA 、||PO 、||PB 成等比数列,求PA PB ⋅的范围; (3)已知定点Q (4-,3),直线l 与圆O 交于M 、N 两点,试判断tan QM QN MQN ⋅⨯∠ 是否有最大值,若存在求出最大值,并求出此时直线l 的方程,若不存在,给出理由. 19.(本小题满分16分) 对于数列},{n a(1)已知}{n a 是一个公差不为零的等差数列,a 5=6。

①当,5,,,,,221213 <<<<<=t t n n n n n n a 满足若自然数时t nt n n n t a a a a a 表示试用是等比数列,,,,,,,2153 ;②若存在自然数 ,,,,,,,5,,,,21532121nt n n t t a a a a a n n n n n n 且满足<<<<<构成一个等比数列。

求证:当a 3是整数时,a 3必为12的正约数。

(2)若数列}{,043}{200911n n n n n n a a a a a a a 小于数列且满足=+++++中的其他任何一项,求a 1的取值范围 20.(本小题满分16分)已知函数1()2x f x +=定义在R 上.(Ⅰ)若()f x 可以表示为一个偶函数()g x 与一个奇函数()h x 之和,设()h x t =,2()(2)2()1()p t g x mh x m m m =++--∈R ,求出()p t 的解析式;(Ⅱ)若2()1p t m m ≥--对于[1,2]x ∈恒成立,求m 的取值范围; (Ⅲ)若方程(())0p p t =无实根,求m 的取值范围.江苏省2010届最新高考信息题(内容资料)答案一、填空题:本大题共14小题,每小题5分,共计70分.1.{}1- 2.43- 3.78 4.6 5.2219x y -= 6.34 7.78.3 9.10042 10.(][)22-∞-⋃+∞,, 11.34- 12.4016 13.-1 14.-21或21二、解答题:本大题共6小题,共计90分.解答应写出必要的文字说明步骤. 15.解:解:(Ⅰ)设抽取的样本为x 名学生的成绩, 则由第一行中可知40.08,50x x==所以 50∴①处的数值为;②处的数值为100.2050=;③处的数值为500.168⨯=…………6分(Ⅱ)成绩在[70,80)分的学生频率为0.2,成绩在[80.90)分的学生频率为0.32,所以成绩在[70.90)分的学生频率为0.52,……………………………………8分由于有900名学生参加了这次竞赛,所以成绩在[70.90)分的学生约为0.52900468⨯=(人)………………10分 (Ⅲ)利用组中值估计平均为550.08650.16750.20850.32950.2479.8⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯=…………14分 16.解:(Ⅰ) ()sin ,cos sin a x x x =+,()2cos ,cos sin b x x x =-,∴()f x a b =⋅=()sin ,cos sin x x x +⋅()2cos ,cos sin x x x -x x x x 22sin cos cos sin 2-+= …………………1分x x 2cos 2sin += ………………………3分)4x π=+ ………………………………4分∴函数)(x f 取得最大值为2. ………………………………5分相应的自变量x 的取值集合为{x|8πx k π=+(∈k Z )} ………………………………7分 (II )由524)(0=x f 得524)42sin(20=+πx ,即54)42sin(0=+πx因为)8,0(0π∈x ,所以)2,4(420πππ∈+x ,从而53)42cos(0=+πx ……………9分 于是=+)3(0πx f ]3)42sin[(2)342sin(200ππππ++=++x x]3sin )42cos(3cos)42[sin(2]3)42sin[(2000ππππππ+++=++=x x x 106324)23532154(2+=⨯+⨯=-………………………………14分 17.解:(1)证明: 平面⊥ABCD 平面ABEF ,AB CB ⊥,平面 ABCD 平面ABEF =AB ,⊥∴CB 平面ABEF ,⊂AF 平面ABEF ,CB AF ⊥∴ ,又AB 为圆O 的直径,BF AF ⊥∴, ⊥∴AF 平面CBF . ………5分(2)设DF 的中点为N ,则MN //CD 21,又AO //CD 21,则MN //AO ,MNAO 为平行四边形,//OM ∴AN ,又⊂AN 平面DAF ,⊄OM 平面DAF ,//OM ∴平面DAF . ……9分 (3)过点F 作AB FG ⊥于G , 平面⊥ABCD 平面ABEF ,⊥∴FG 平面ABCD ,FG FG S V ABCD ABCD F 3231=⋅=∴-, ………11分⊥CB 平面ABEF ,CB S V V BFE BFE C CBE F ⋅==∴∆--31FG CB FG EF 612131=⋅⋅⋅=, ………14分ABCD F V -∴1:4:=-CBE F V . ………15分18.解:(1)因为直线l :(34)y mx m =+-过定点T (4,3)由题意,要使圆O 的面积最小, 定点T (4,3)在圆上,所以圆O 的方程为2225x y +=. ………4分(2)A (-5,0),B (5,0),设00(,)P x y ,则220025x y +<……(1) 00(5,)PA x y =---,00(5,)PB x y =--,由||,||,||PA PO PB 成等比数列得,2||||||PO PA PB =⋅,4[,0)2PA PB ∴⋅∈- ……………………9分(3)tan ||||cos tan QM QN MQN QM QN MQN MQN ⋅⨯∠=⋅∠⨯∠||||sin 2MQNQM QN MQN S=⋅∠= . ………11分由题意,得直线l 与圆O 的一个交点为M (4,3),又知定点Q (4-,3),直线MQ l :3y =,||8MQ =,则当(0,5)N -时MQN S 有最大值32. ………14分即tan QM QN MQN ⋅⨯∠有最大值为32,此时直线l 的方程为250x y --=. ………15分19.解:解:(1)①因为,22,,6,23553=-===a a d a a 公差所以从而 42)5(5-=-+=n d n a a n ………………2分分所以所以又所以所以公比是等比数列又4.,23,3242,42.,323,3,,,,,,,*11*15352153 N t n n n a t a a a a q a a a a a t t t t t nt t t nt nt n n ∈+=⋅=--=∈⋅=⋅===+++N ②因为,,,,,525131531a a a a a a n n n =>所以成等比数列时即.3633251a a a a n == …………6分.125,236,06).3(2636),3(2636),3(2636),3(262)3(,3,}{311333133231333133313335131a n n a a a n a a a n a a a n a a a n a a a a n a a n a n n +=-=+≠---=---=---+=--+=-⋅-+=≥解得所以因为所以即所以时所以当是等差数列又因为3311,12,5,a a n n 从而整数是正整数所以且是整数>必为12的正约数。

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