高考英语阅读猜词

高考英语阅读猜词高考阅读理解训练之猜测语义Test 1 There is no cure for Alzheimer’s. But a drug called ARICEPT has been used by millions of people to help their symptoms(症状). (NMET2004湖北卷B篇) 61. What is ARICEPT？ A、A medicine to cure Alzheimer’s. B、A medicine to delay signs of aging. C、A medicine to reduce the symptoms of Alzheimer’s.D、A medicine to cure brain damage.Test 2 Here is The Pines, whose cook has developed a special way of mixing foreign food such as caribou, wild boar and reindeer with surprising sauces. (2004福建卷E篇) (1)According to the passage, The Pines is a ______. A. place in which you can see many mobile homes B. mountain where you can get a good view of the valley C. town which happens to be near the Banff National Park D. restaurant where you can ask for some special kinds of food 二．利用例证猜测语义某些阅读文章为了证实或说明某一观点，常会举一些例子，而且时时会用一些标志性语言或标点符号来引出，如：括号、破折号、冒号等或诸如for example, for instance, such as, and so on, just as, like, similarity 等连接词或词组。

eg. 1. You may borrow from the library any periodicals: Nature, News Week, Times and The listener. 2. Some artists plan their paintings around geometric forms like squares, circles and triangles. Exercises: 1. Finally the enemy surrendered. They threw down their weapons and walked out of the home with their hands over their heads. 2. Apply an antiseptic, such as alcohol, on the skin. 3. In the corner there may be a Christmas tree with its branches decorated with shining ornaments such as colored lights and glass balls, and sometimes hung with gifts.Test The largest player �C Shanghai Bashi Tourism Car Rental offers a wide variety of choices �C--- deluxe sedans，minivans，station wagons，coaches，Santana sedans are the big favorite. (NMET2001全国A篇) 56 The words “deluxe sedans”，“minivans” and “station wagons” used in the text refers to _______. A、cars in the making B、car rental firms C、cars for rent D、car makers 三．利用反义关系或同义关系推测语义（1）利用反义关系推测语义有些生词的后面往往会出现一个或几个反义词，或者表转折意义的连词，词组等，抓住这些可以帮助我们推断生词语义。

标志词有 although, but, however, whereas(反之),nevertheless(然而，不过)，on the contrary, in contrast （相对）, on the one hand, on the other hand, for one thing, for another, instead(of), rather than 等。

（2）利用同义关系推测语义通常情况下，英语忌讳实词重复。

避免重复的方法之一是利用同义词或近义词加以代替。

同义词替换的修饰方法可以为我们推测词义提供明显的语境线索。

标志词有：or, like, similarly等。

eg.1. 104 studies, involving 15,000 people is proving that optimism (乐观主义) can help you to be happier, healthier and more successful. Pessimism leads, by contrast, to hopelessness, sickness and failure, and is linked to depression, loneliness and painful shyness.2. Mr. Smith loves to talk, and his wife is si milarly loquacious. Exercises: 1. Though Tom’s face has been washed quite clean, his neck remains grubby. 2. Unlike the United States, where many different nationalities make up the population, Japan’s population is quite homogeneous.3. Written language tends to be static, while spoken language constantly changes.4. He replied quickly. But after he considered the problem more carefully, he regretted having made such a hasty decision.5. Although people in many countries consider raw meat a delicacy(美味)，we Chinese people seldom eat any meat that is uncooked.Test 1 The gunners like to describe what they do as character-building, but we knew that to wound an animal and watch it go through the agony of dying can make nobody happy.(2004江苏卷E篇) （1） The underline d word “agony” in the last paragraph probably means_____. A. form B. condition C. pain D. sadnessTest 2 The hot-air balloon took off. It was buoyant in the air as a cork(软木塞) in water. （2）The word “buoyant” in this sentence most probably means______. A. able to be used B. able to move from one place to another C. able to float or rise to the surface D. able to carry anything 四．用语境猜测语义（1）利用“小”上下文推测词义，即利用生词附近的内容推断生词词义。

如：I am a resolute man. Once I set up a goal, I won’t give up easily. （2）利用“大”上下文推测词义，即利用距离生词较远的内容，如整个段落、篇章等来推断生词词义。

eg. Zip was stopped during the war and only after the war did it become popular. What a difference it has made to our lives! It keeps people at home much more. It has made the remote parts of the world more real to us. Photographs show a country, but only zip makes feel that a foreign country is real. Also we can see scenes in the street. Big occasions are zipped, such as the coronation(加冕典礼) in 1953 and the opening of Parliament. Perhaps the sufferers from zip are the notable people, who, as they step out of an airplane, have to face the battery of zip cameras and know that every movement, every gesture will be seen by a “zip personality”. Perhaps we can sympathize when Members of Parliament say that they do not want debates to be zipped.Exercises:1. When I got to the theatre, I was relieved to see that nobody was waiting inline. I was the first to get there and sure thatI could get the ticket without any problem.Question: The underlined word “relieved” in the passage may best be replace by _____.A. surprisedB. pleasedC. producedD. sold2. Apple trees may not grow as tall as twelve metres. They do best in areas that have very cold winters. Although no fruit is yielded during the winter, this cold period is good for the tree.Question : The underlined word “yielded” in the last sentence means_____.A. improvedB. increasedC. producedD. soldTestThese days a green building means more than just the color of the paint. Green building can also refer to environmentally friendly houses, factories, and offices.Green building means, “reducing the impact of the building on the land”, Taryn Holowka of the U.S. Green building council in Washington, D.C. said.61. In the second paragraph, the underlined phrase “the building” most probab ly refers to ___.A. an ordinary buildingB. an energy-saving buildingC. a green-colored buildingD. a building in Washington, D.C. 五．利用构词法猜测语义掌握前后缀规律，如un-, im-, in-, dis-, il-等前缀与-less等后缀可构成反义词；后缀-ful, -ly, -ism, -ness等可改换词性。