3.大学英语四级英语阅读猜词

e.g. 2) Most of us see everything as independent from one another. But the reality is that everything is part of one interconnected, interrelated whole. (With the help of “But”, we can guess that
3) Today young couples who are just starting their households of ten spend lots of their money on appliances,for instance,washingmachines, refrigerators and color TVs. appliances即"家用电器"。

3.根据举例(examples)猜测词义
恰当的举例能够提供猜测生词的重 要线索,表示列举关系的信号词有: like, for example, for instance, such as, especially, include, consist of, specially
e.g. 1) The consequences of
interconnected and interrelated have the opposite meaning of independent.)
表示对比关系的词汇和短语主要 是or, unlike，not，but，however， despite，in spite of，in contrast 和 while, whereas, though, instead(of), rather than, otherwise, nevertheless, nonetheless , on the other hand etc. 引导的并列句等。 e.g. A good supervisor can recognize instantly the adept workers from the unskilled ones.
epochal events such as wars and great scientific discoveries are not confined to a small geographical area as they were in the past.
Defined
most broadly, folklore includes all the customs, belief and tradition that people have handed down from generation to generation.
plump:"肥胖的"
3．根据因果关系猜测词义 在句子或段落种，若两个事物、现 象之间构成因果关系，我们可以根据这 种逻辑关系 推知生词词义。
e.g. 1)Tom is considered an autocratic administrator because he makes decisions without seeking the opinions of others.
二 内在逻辑关系 1． 根据对比(opposite) 关系猜测词义
பைடு நூலகம்
在一个句子或段落中，有对两个事 物或现象进行对比性的描述，我们可以 根据生词或 难词的反义词猜测其词义。 e.g. 1) Andrew is one of the most supercilious men I know. His brother, in contrast, is quite humble and modest.

In the past the world seemed to run in an orderly way. Now, however, everything seems to be in a state of turmoil.
turmoil:混乱.
2． 根据比较关系猜测词义 同对比关系相反，比较关系表示意义 上的相似(same or similar)关系。 e.g. Green loves to talk，and his brothers are similarly loquacious.
prestidigitator："变戏法者".
4) Jack is now a florist, who keeps a shop for selling flowers in our district.
florist"花店主"
在复述中构成同位关系的两部分之 间多用逗号连接，有时也使用破折号， 冒号，分 号，引号，和括号等。 e.g. Capacitance, or the ability to store electric charge, is one of the most common characteristics of electronic circuits.
"supersede"一词的大概意思来,即"
取代,接替".

Mother was tall, fat and middleaged. The principal of the school was an older woman, almost as plump as mother, and much shorter.

Ventilation, as you know , is a system or means of providing fresh air . It plays a very important part in the field of engineering.
"ventilation" 这个词的意思是"通风".
Tornadoes (violent and destructive whirl wind) normally occur on hot, humid (a little wet) day, but not necessarily in the summer. tornado"即一种非常剧烈的、破坏 性很大的旋转的风.很明显,这是"旋 风﹑龙卷风";humid即有点湿,其词 义很清楚是"潮湿的"意思.
定义句的谓语动词多为：be,
to be, mean, define, deal with, be considered, refer to, be called, be known as, be termed "(被定义 为) represent, signify, constitute 等。
表示比较关系的词和短语主要是 similarly，like，just as，as...as..., the same as, or, also等。
The
new tax law supersedes, or replaces, the law that was in effect last year.
Word Attack Strategies 阅读猜词技巧
所谓猜测词义,是指在阅读过程中
根据对语篇的信息、逻辑、背景 知识及语言结构等的综合理解去 猜测或推断某一生词、难词、关 键词的词义。
猜词技巧也是一种很重要的应试技巧.在 诸多的英语测试中,几乎都包含有判断生 词或关键词词义的题目.如: 1) In Line...the word"..."could best be replaced by which of the following? 2) According to the author the word "..."means _____. 3) By word "..." the author means ____. 4) Which of the following is nearest/ closest in meaning to "..." ?
food production allow adults to live longer and babies to survive, not die soon after birth.
(Here “not die” helps us to know what survive means.)

3）He was a prestidigitator who entertained the children by pulling rabbits out of hats, swallowing fire, and other similar tricks.（以定语从句 为线索猜测词义）
e.g. 1) Semantics, the study of the meaning of words, is necessary if you are to speak and read intelligently.
e.g. 2) Modern medicine and new methods of
A
person or thing beyond comparison, a model of excellence, is known as a paragon.
"paragon：模范、优秀的人或物"
2.根据复述(restatement)猜测词义 虽然复述不如定义那样严谨、详细， 但是提供的信息足以使阅读者猜出生词 词义。 复述部分可以适当词、短语或是从句。

需要注意的是：同位语前 还常有 or, similarly, that is to say, that is, to put it another way, in other words, namely, or other,to be precise, say, i. e. 等副词或短语出 现。