高考英语阅读理解九大猜词技巧
英语阅读的猜词技巧
英语阅读的猜词技巧英语阅读的猜词技巧在做英语阅读的时候，难免会遇到生词，下面店铺为大家带来了关于英语阅读的猜词技巧，欢迎大家阅读，希望能够帮助到大家。
1)根据定义猜测词义作者一般在生词之前后之后紧挨着生词给出定义内容。
有时有标点符合，连字符或逗号提示。
此外，如果定义内容为句子，谓语动词多为：be, be considered, to be, be called, be kown as, constitute, deal with, define, mean, refer to, represent, signify等。
这类线索一般很明显，学习者能比较容易地发现。
例如：Anthropology is the scientific study of people, society and culture.由定义可知，anthropology就是“研究人类的科学”。
2)根据复述猜测词义复述也是对某一单词所做的针对性解释，虽然不像定义那样严谨、详细，但是提供的信息也能使我们猜出生词的词义。
复述部分可能是单词、短语或者从句，一般作为生词的同位语，与生词间多用逗号连接，有时也使用破折号，冒号，分号，引号和括号等。
同位语前常有or, similarly, that is to say, in other words, namely, or other, say, i.e.等副词或短语出现。
例如：Semantics, the study of the meaning of words, is necessary if you are to speak and read intelligently.此例逗号中短语意为“对词意义进行研究的学科”。
该短语与前面生词semantics是同位关系，因此我们不难猜出semantics指“语义学”。
定语从句Krabacber suffers from SAD, which is short for seasonal affective disorder, a syndrome characterized by severeseasonal mood swings.根据生词SAD后面定语从句which is short for seasonal affective disorder和同位语a syndrome characterized by severe seasonal mood swings, 我们可以推断出SAD含义，即“季节性情绪紊乱症”。
高考英语阅读理解词义猜测方法
高考英语阅读理解词义猜测方法高考英语阅读理解词义猜测方法语言是交流工具，英语无疑是这个世界上最重要的交流工具。
下面小编准备了高考英语阅读理解词义猜测方法，希望你喜欢。
推测生词或短语的意义阅读理解题中所设置的词义猜测类题多是对生词、短语、指示代词的猜测。
一方面，命题者要求考生所猜测的单词或短语可能是已学过的或是考生较熟悉的，但高考所考查的是不太常见的意思;另一方面命题者要求考生所猜测的单词或短语可能是考生没有学过的。
此时，对单词或短语的猜测不要停留在字面上,要根据语境来判断。
考生可以通过构词法知识分析生词词义,或通过上下文尤其是生词所在的`句子以及其前后两句话猜测词义。
还可以通过联想进行推测,即回想已知词汇中是否存在拼写与该生词类似的词。
常用的几种猜词方法如下：1.利用副词或连词的转折、因果等关系有些词虽然不能直接猜测出其意义，但在上下文中能找到一些与之具有对比关系的[JP3]词，通过了解这些词的意义，就可以推断出所考查词的意思。
考生通过这种对比关系，就很容易猜出生词的词义了。
还可以通过近义词或反义词提供的信息猜测生词的词义。
俗话说，"有因必有果，有果必有因"。
根据原因可以预测结果，根据结果也可以找出原因。
如because, since与as是连接原因状语从句的从属连词;so是连接表示结果状语从句的连词;so...that与such...that中的that是连接结果状语从句的连词。
当这些信息词出现在有生词的句子中，考生通过因果关系，依据已知部分就能猜出生词的词义。
2.构词法(此法亦是记忆单词之妙法)合成法。
合成词是由两个或两个以上的单词构成的。
遇到这类生词时可根据合成法来猜测词义。
英语的合成词有合成形容词、合成名词等。
合成形容词的构成方法如下：(1)形容词+现在分词，如good-looking好看的;(2)副词+现在分词,如hard-working辛勤的，工作努力的;(3)名词+现在分词，如peace-loving爱好和平的;(4)名词+过去分词,如state-owned国有的。
英语阅读理解题答题口诀
英语阅读理解题答题口诀一、猜词义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考中常用的题型，这不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的阅读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。
我们要学会“顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词、语法、定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、上下文等线索确定词义。
1. 定义法如：Annealing is a way of making metal softer by heating it and then letting it cool very slowly. 句子给予annealing 以明确的定义，即“退火”。
It will be very hard but also very brittle ― that is, it will break easily.从后面的解释中我们可以了解到brittle是“脆”的意思。
The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.定语从句中looks after sheep 就表明了herdsman 的词义为“牧人”。
2. 对比法如：She is usually prompt, but today she arrived in the middle of her first class.but一词表转折，因此but 前后的意思正相反。
后半句的意思是“她今天第一节课都上了一半才来”，因此反向推理，可得出她平时一向“准时”的结论。
3. 因果法如：The lack of movement caused the muscles to weaken. Sometimes the weakness was permanent. So the player could never playthe sport again.从后面的结果“永远不能再运动”中，可以推测 permanent 的意思为“永远的，永久的”。
高考英语阅读理解的猜词技巧
高考英语阅读理解的猜词技巧猜测词义，是指在阅读过程中根据对语篇提供的信息、行文逻辑、背景知识及语言结构等的综合理解去猜测或推断某个生词、难词、关键词的词义。
英语词语的意义非常丰富，语境不同，词义也就不同。
所以解决此类题目要掌握一定的猜词策略。
I.根据上下文语境进行猜测任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整篇文章有关。
利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析而推测词义，是阅读过程中的一大关键，也是高考的热点。
如：例1.(2002年全国卷，B篇)“Organic produce is always better，”Gold said，“The food is free of pesticides(农药)，and you are generally supporting family farms instead of large farms. And more often than not it is locally(本地)grown and seasonal，so it is more tasty.”Gold is one of a growing number of shoppers buying into the organic trend，and supermarkets across Britain are counting on more like him as they grow their organic food business62.What is the meaning of “the organic trend”as the words are used in the text？A.growing interest in organic foodB.better quality of organic foodC.rising market for organic foodD.higher prices of organic food例2.(2003年全国卷,C篇)Fermat's Last Theorem(定理).First put forward by the French mathematician Pierrede Fermat in the seventeenth century，the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds，including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem，and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecole Polytechnique.65.Which of the following best exp lains the meaning of the word “baffle” as used in the text？A.To encourage people to raise questions.B.To cause difficulty in understanding.C.To provide a person with an explanation.D.To limit people's imagination.例3.If he thinks he can invite me out, he is all wet. I don’t like to be with him.A. drunkB. sweatingC. happyD. mistaken练习：1.A deaf and dump guy went into a hardware store to ask for some nails.2. The climate of the west coast is the most moderate in Canada, summers are cool and fairly dry and winters are mild, cloudy and wet. Even in mid-winter, the temperature is usually above freezing.3. All the houses in the city collapsed during the earthquake.4. For people who live within a stone’s throw from the office to be late to work is unforgivable.5. The conflagration was so fierce that with just a few second one could see towering flames where the house had stood and the smoke which filled the sky could be seen for miles and miles.（二）根据定义或解释猜测词义有些阅读文章，尤其是新闻报导及科普类文章中的有些生词，往往在其后有对该词进行解释说明性的短语或句子，如to be, that is , mean, stand for, namely, to refer to, to mean ,in otherwords等，有时也以同位语、定语从句的形式出现，或用破折号、括号来表示，这时可利用这种关系或解释对前面或后面的词义进行猜测。
(完整版)高考英语阅读理解的猜词技巧
高考英语阅读理解的猜词技巧猜测词义，是指在阅读过程中根据对语篇提供的信息、行文逻辑、背景知识及语言结构等的综合理解去猜测或推断某个生词、难词、关键词的词义。
英语词语的意义非常丰富，语境不同，词义也就不同。
所以解决此类题目要掌握一定的猜词策略。
I.根据上下文语境进行猜测任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整篇文章有关。
利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析而推测词义，是阅读过程中的一大关键，也是高考的热点。
如：例1.(2002年全国卷，B篇)“Organic produce is always better，”Gold said，“The food is free of pesticides(农药)，and you are generally supporting family farms instead of large farms. And more often than not it is locally(本地)grown and seasonal，so it is more tasty.”Gold is one of a growing number of shoppers buying into the organic trend，and supermarkets across Britain are counting on more like him as they grow their organic food business62.What is the meaning of “the organic trend”as the words are used in the text？A.growing interest in organic foodB.better quality of organic foodC.rising market for organic foodD.higher prices of organic food例2.(2003年全国卷,C篇)Fermat's Last Theorem(定理).First put forward by the French mathematician Pierrede Fermat in the seventeenth century，the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds，including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem，and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecole Polytechnique.65.Which of the following best exp lains the meaning of the word “baffle” as used in the text？A.To encourage people to raise questions.B.To cause difficulty in understanding.C.To provide a person with an explanation.D.To limit people's imagination.例3.If he thinks he can invite me out, he is all wet. I don’t like to be with him.A. drunkB. sweatingC. happyD. mistaken练习：1.A deaf and dump guy went into a hardware store to ask for some nails.2. The climate of the west coast is the most moderate in Canada, summers are cool and fairly dry and winters are mild, cloudy and wet. Even in mid-winter, the temperature is usually above freezing.3. All the houses in the city collapsed during the earthquake.4. For people who live within a stone’s throw from the office to be late to work is unforgivable.5. The conflagration was so fierce that with just a few second one could see towering flames where the house had stood and the smoke which filled the sky could be seen for miles and miles.（二）根据定义或解释猜测词义有些阅读文章，尤其是新闻报导及科普类文章中的有些生词，往往在其后有对该词进行解释说明性的短语或句子，如to be, that is , mean, stand for, namely, to refer to, to mean ,in otherwords等，有时也以同位语、定语从句的形式出现，或用破折号、括号来表示，这时可利用这种关系或解释对前面或后面的词义进行猜测。
高中英语阅读理解中猜词题的解题技巧
高中英语阅读理解猜词题的解题技巧摘要：本文针对高中阅读理解中的猜词题介绍了几种做题方法，并列举了一些实例进行了分析。
关键词：猜词题猜词义做题方法在英语学习中，我们会遇到许多生词。
这时，也不必立即翻阅字典。
我们可以利用语境，根据前后词、句子、以及相关信息推测、判断生词的词义。
高中英语阅读理解题中，我们经常碰到猜测词义的题型。
在做这类题时，我们可以利用以下一些方法：一根据解释猜词义在文章中，作者为了更好的表达思想，对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或词汇等要进行进一步的更明确的解释。
这些解释提供的信息具有明确的针对性，我们可以利用它们比较容易地猜出词义。
1、根据定义猜测词义如果句子或段落是生词的定义，理解句子或段落本身就是词语的含义。
例如：The rooster is the national emblem of France thanks to a wordplay: the Latin word meaning coq ,or rooster. rooster 其实是对coq解释，因此两者的意思都为cock。
2、根据同位语、定语猜测词义虽然同位语、定语不如定义那样严谨、详细，但是提供的信息足以使阅读者猜出生词词义。
例如，同位语in fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today.此例中，我们不难看出an endangered wild cat是ocelot 的同位语，也不难看出ocelot的意思。
在构成同位关系的两部分之间多用逗号连接，有时也使用破折号、冒号、分号、引号和括号等。
又如Towards the evening, there comes the grand finale of the opening day ,an extremely exciting horserace.从an exciting horserace ,towards the evening ,of the opening day 等判断，应该是首日的最后一场的压台戏出场了。
高考英语阅读猜词义十法
高考英语阅读猜词义十法近几年的高考阅读理解题越来越重视对考生的猜词悟义能力的考查，一般有三个小题是直接考查猜词义，再加上阅读过程中碰到的生僻词汇，使得许多同学对阅读理解产生畏惧心理。
其实，阅读理解中的许多“生词”都是我们平时常见的熟词通过合成、加词缀转化而成的，学生可灵活运用猜词技巧，联系上下文猜出其意思。
1、通过构词法猜测词义构词法是中学生必须掌握的语法项目之一，1999年，《考试说明》首次将它作为附表列出。
平时同学们进行阅读训练时，要加强对构词法知识的实践，熟悉常见后缀的含义及派生、合成、转化法的特点，确定所构词的词性和语义。
例如：With their shining brown eyes ,wagging tails ,and unconditional love ,dogs can provide the nonjudgemental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence.(NMET2003,B篇）初看起来，unconditionnal和nonjudgemental非常生疏，细心观察，前者是condition加前缀un ,加后缀al而成，那就是“无条件的、绝对的”，后者是judge 加前缀non，加后缀ment，再加后缀al而成的，其意思一定是：没有判断力的。
2、通过文中的定义猜测词义定义解释形式多种多样，有定语从句、同位语、并列句、英语释义法，有时用that is (to say),similarly, namely, in other words 等引出来，以补充说明。
NMET05阅读理解A篇中的external fat (fat under the skin)和internal fat ( fat inside the body wall ) 就是采用英语释义法，考查学生直接用英语思维的能力。
在They are vertebrates, that is, animals that have back bones.一句中，从后半部分可以知道vetebrates的意思是“脊椎动物”。
高中英语阅读理解之词义猜测题技巧
高中英语阅读理解之词义猜测题技巧词义猜测是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考阅读理解中必考的题型。
同学们应加强训练通过构词、定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、同义、反义及语境等确定词义的技能。
由于猜测词义题涉及题材背景、句子结构、文章主旨、作者的观点态度等，因此联系主旨、整合上下文信息是解答这类题的关键。
命题者在出这类题时惯用常规词义来麻痹考生，同学们要特别注意熟词生义，切不可脱离语境主观臆断。
我们必须熟练掌握的猜测词义的方法有：（一）根据构词法判断词义三种构词法，即合成、转化、派生，是我们猜测词义需掌握的基本方法。
合成法：通过构成合成词的每个单词的含义猜测和领会其含义；转化法：通过一个词的本意猜测出它转化后的意思，常见的是名词和动词、形容词和动词以及形容词和名词之间的相互转化；派生法：由一个词根加前缀（p refix）或后缀（suffix）构成词的方法称为派生法。
一般来说，前缀改变词义，后缀改变词性。
所以掌握了一些基本的词汇和词缀，我们就可以猜测出很多词的意义。
（二）根据语境判断词义这是提高阅读速度和理解率必备的判断断词义的能力。
语境可能是一个句子、几个句子、甚至一个段落或通篇文章。
我们可分别将其称为小语境、中语境和大语境。
1.小语境(1)定义式常用的词有：be,mean,deal with,be considered,to be,be c alled,define,represent,refer to等。
例1：Mark Twain was not the author‘s real name;it w as a pseudonym.例2：Mechanized farming means the use of modern m achinery on farms.(2)例举式常用词有：for example,for instance,such as,like等。
例1：Newly-married young people often spend some o f their money on appliances,for instance,washing-machines,r efrigerators and televisions.例2：Doctors suggest that everyone should exercise ev ery day,especially those who do sedentary work，like readi ng,typing and sewing.(3)重述式常用词有：and,or,similarly,that is(to say),in other words, namely,say,i.e.等例1：Red had the longest wavelength;that is,the distan ce between each wave is longest in redlight than in any ot her color.例2：The football player was penalized for his rudene ss and the punishment was a good lesson for him.(4)同位语构成同位关系的两部分之间常用逗号连接，有时也使用破折号，冒号，分号，引号和括号等。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
高考英语阅读理解九大猜词技巧1.利用定义或解释(definition or explanation)Signal words: means, refers to, be called, be known as ,can be defined as, in other words,that is , that is to say, 定语从句…..etc.举例：Pruning is important because it encourages the growth of tender shoots(嫩芽）, or young leaves of trees.(B)The word "pruning" means______A. Regular cutting（修剪）of the plantsB. Frequent wateringC. Regular use of chemicalsD. Growing the plants high in the mountain2.利用普通常识和经验(common sense or experience)举例：1. In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today．"ocelot" means _________________(an endangered wild cat)2.The period of adolescence, the period between childhood and adulthood ,may be long or short."adolescence" means___________(The period between childhood and adulthood)3.利用同义/同位语(similarity/appositive)Signal words：for example ，for instance，such as ，like，as---as，etc.举例：The largest player –Shanghai Bashi Tourism Car Center offers a wide variety of choices, such as deluxe sedans, minivans, station wagons, coaches. Santana sedans are the big favorite of the tourists. (C)The words "deluxe sedans," "minivans" and "station wagons" used in the text refer to ____.A. cars in the makingB. car rental firmsC. cars for rentD. car makers4.利用举例(from examples)Signal words: as, like, the same as，unlike, but，however, on the contrary, while,instead…ect.举例：1. The snow was falling.Big flakes drifted(飘）with the wind like feathers.2. Unlike her gregarious sister, Jane is a shy person who does not like to go to parties or make new friends.5.利用比较或对比(comparison or contrast)(1)Overwork may cause diseases.over（过分的、过量的）＋work＝overwork“工作过度”。
(2)There was a dissatisfied look in the manager's eyes.dis “不”+ satisfied“满意的=dissatisfied “不满意的”。
6.利用构词法(Word formation)：前缀、后缀、复合、派生等举例：1. Is he intelligent or stupid?2. Most women in Ghana---the educated and illiterate, the urban and rural, theyoung and old--- work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers. Their reputation for economic independence, self-reliance, and hard work is well known and well deserved.(C)The underlined word "illiterate" in the passage means ____.A. RepeatedB. reiterated.C. uneducatedD. sick7.利用同义词或反义词(Synonym or Antonym)举例：Signal words:because，since ,so, such......that,so......that, ectI feel that since you are my superior（上司）, it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do .(B)The word "presumptuous" is closest in meaning to "____" .A．full of respect B．rude and too confidentC．lacking in experience D．too shy and quiet8.利用原因与结果关系猜词(from Cause and Result)The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked as an engineer.(A)A. workB. studyC. nameD. interest9.利用上下文的语境(context or related information)更多练习：1. A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience take an active part in his play: they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they don't understand something, they say so.The word "audience" in the paragraph means ____.A. studentsB. people who watch a playC. people who act on the stageD. people who listen to something答案：A解题关键：常识teacher-----students2. When some kind of pain killer(止痛药）was brought out recently, researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective（无效的）.The underlined part "the colours turned the customers off" means that the colours_______Attracted the customers stronglyHad weak effects on the customersTricked the customers into shoppingCaused the customers to lose interest答案：D解题关键：因果关系because3. Collins decided that she must go, although the hazards of the trip were many, for example, the unbearable heat , the possibility of getting lost , the presence of wild animals and poisonous snakes ."hazard" means ___________________A. pleasure,B. problem,C. danger,D. attraction答案：C解题关键：举例for example4. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or societyThe underlined phrase "the most vocal" means______A. Those who try their best to winB. Those who value competition most highlyC.Those who are against competition most stronglyD. Those who rely on others most for success答案：C解题关键：上下文语境context or related information5.Without examinations, employers will look for employees from the highly respected schools and from families known to them－a form of favoritism will replace equality.The word "favoritism" is used to describe the phenomenon that ________.A. bright children also need certificates to get satisfying jobsB. children from well-respected schools tend to have good jobsC. poor children with certificates are favored in job marketsD. children attending ordinary schools achieve great success答案：B解题关键：破折号（定义或同位语）6. Grown-ups also have a sense of object permanence. That is to say, if we put a box ina room and lock the door, the box will still be there when we come back."Object permanence" means that when out of sight, an object ______A. Still existsB. keeps its shapeC. Still stays solidD. is beyond reach答案：A解题关键：1.定义：definition that is to say也就是说2.构词法：permanent—permanence7. A child's birthday party doesn't have to be a hassle; instead, it can be a basket of fun, according to Beth Anaclerio, an Evaston mother of two, ages 4 and 18 months.What does the underlined word "hassle" probably mean?A. a party designed by specialistsB. a plan requiring careful thoughtC. a situation causing difficulty or troubleD. a demand made by guests答案：C解题关键：比较comparison(instead—相反,反而)8. William Shakespeare said. "The web of our life is of a mingled yarn（纱线），good and ill together."The underlined word "mingled" most probably means?A．Simple B．Mixed C．Sad ?D．happy答案：B解题关键：definition or explanation 定义或解释猜测词义9. The house looked quite normal outside, but inside it was very exotic with fascinating objects on display. As he began putting them into his bag, a god came into the room. It stopped when it saw Buster, then wagged its tail madly and went over to him, licking his outstretched hand. "Good boy," Buster whispered. "What a great guard dog you are ---trying to lick me to death."Which of the definitions is closest in meaning to the word "exotic" ?A Messy and untidy.B. Rich and expensive.C. Comfortable and calmingD. Unusual and foreign.答案：D解题关键：对比contrast，normal—but---unusual10. Lions are opportunists. They prefer to eat without having to do too much work. When resting in the shade, they are also watching the sky to see what is flying by, and even in the heat of the day they will suddenly start up and run a mile across the plains to find out what is going on. If another animal has made a kill, they will drive it off and take the kill for themselves.By describing lions as "opportunists", the author means to say that lions ____.A. are cruel animalsB. are clever animalsC. Like to take advantage of（利用）other animalsD. Like to take every chance to eat答案：C解题关键：构词法及下文解释opportunity---ist。