(完整版)高考英语阅读理解的猜词技巧
高考英语阅读理解生僻单词猜词技巧
高考英语阅读理解生僻单词猜词技巧构词法阅读中常常会遇到一些由熟悉的单词派生或合成的新词。
掌握构词法对猜测词义很有帮助。
如：unforeseeable.这个词，可以根据构词法把它拆成un, fore, see , able;其中see 是词根，fore是“先，前，预”的含义，un是否定，able是“能……的，可……的”，因此unforeseeable是“未能预见到的”意思。
同义词近义词在生词所出现的上下文中，有时会出现与之同义或近义的词语或结构，这时可从熟悉的词语中推知生词的含义。
统称在词或短语之间有并列连词and或or，这些词语或短语在句中作相同的成分，并且and或or连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此确定同等关系中的某个生词所属的义域，甚至推出它的大致词义。
反义词猜词对比是描述，说明事物的常用方式。
在对比中，对比的事物是互为相反的，因此根据反义或对比关系可从已知推出未知。
利用反义词来说明生词的意义，如反义词hot and cold, perfect and imperfect，甚至前、后句为肯定与否定或是与不是等，在句内词与词之间，在段内句与句之间的关系上起着互为线索的作用。
语境猜词任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整篇文章有关。
利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义，是阅读过程中的一大关键，这也是近年来高考考查的热点。
特别提醒：在做英语阅读理解题时，一定要注意熟词生义!这类猜词题也常见于各年高考题当中。
熟词生义比生词本身的障碍要大得多。
原因有三：其一，高考对生词的数量有数量的规定，不得超过3%;其二，熟词生义很容易引起考生的误解;其三，熟词生义的数量没有限制。
如果这种现象在一篇文章中出现得多，那就更难理解了。
利用定义和解释猜词有些文章，特别是科技文章，通常会对一些关键词给予定义，我们可以利用定义来猜测这些词的意思。
释义法就是根据文章中的字里行间，对生词以定语(从句)、表语甚至用逗号、破折号等标点符号引出并加以解释说明的方式。
高三英语阅读理解之猜词技巧
猜词技巧一．在英语学习中，我们会遇到许多生词。
其实阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落有着互相制约的关系。
我们可以利用语境〔各种信息〕推测、判断某些生词1. But sometimes,no rain falls for a long,longtime.Then there is a dry period,or drought.2. Within days,food often spoils or become unsafe to eat.3. Today young couples who are just starting their households often spend lots of theirmoney on appliances ,for instance ,washing machines , refrigerators and color TVs. 4．Biggest power failure in the city’s history. All of our ice cream and frozen foods melted.5. He is so homely，not at all as handsome as his brother.6. One night Mrs.Rochester succeeded in setting the house on fire.Mr. Rochester managedto lead the servants to safety and then went back into the burning mansion to rescue his wife.7.Jack is now a florist, who keeps a shop for selling flowers in our district.8. We can feel acceleration, an increase in speed.9. .She read my letter slowly +to the end and then tore it to shreds.10. Car rentals (出租) are becoming more and more popular as an inexpensive way of taking to the roads.11. She is usually prompt for all her class, but today she arrived in the middle of her first class.1、同义词、近义词反义词1〕Doctors believe that smoking is detrimental to people's health. They also regard drinking as harmful.2〕At the beginning they did not have enough capital to start a business, nor were they able to borrow the amount of money they needed from the bank.1)eg.He had been getting better but during the night his condition deteriorated.2)Rather than liking the movie, as I expected them to, all my friends abhorred it.3〕If you agree, write “yes〞; if you dissent, write “no〞2、定义、解释或举例1〕.He takes a special interest in botany which concerns the study of plants.2〕. A birds sanctuary is a place where birds can breed and take refuse from hunters.3〕. Wrestling is the game which is played by two strong people ; one player tries to get the other down on the floor.3、因果关系--- since you are my superior〔上级〕, it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do . 〔2005年某某卷〕A．full of respect B．too confident and rudeC．lacking in experience D．too shy and quiet4、标点符号〔冒号；破折号；括号〕You can take any of the periodicals: The World of English, Foreign Language Teaching in Schools, or English Learning.A.dictionariesB. story-booksC. magazinesD. newspapers5、经验和常识In spite of the fact the fishermen were wearing sou’w esters, the storm was so heavy that they were wet through.三．历届高考题1.When some kind of pain killer was brought out recently,researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective.Eventually,it came on the market in a dark blue and white package-blue because we think of it as safe,and white as calm.(2004年NMET全国，广东卷)65.The underlined part“the colours turned the customers off〞(in Para.3) means that the colours_______.A. attracted the customers stronglyB.had weak effects on the customersC.tricked the customers into shoppingD.caused the customers to lose interest２. Fermat]s Last Theorem(定理). First put forward by the French mathematician Pierrede Fermat in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecole Polytechnique.(NMET2003,C篇,65)65.Which of the following best explains the meaning of the word“baffle〞as it is used in the text?A.To encourage people to raise questions.B.To cause difficulty in understanding.C.To providea person with an explanation.D.To limit people’s imagination.3. A child’s birthday party doesn’t have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun, according to Beth Anaclerio, an Evaston mother of two, ages 4 and 18 months. (NMET2002,E篇,74)74.What does the under lined word ‘hassle’probably mean?A.a party designed by specialistsB.a plan requiring careful thoughtC.a situation causing difficulty or troubleD.a demand made by guests．4. In a recently published book, I came across some exercises with interesting names such asfishbone diagrams, lotus flowers, and clustering. As I used these exercises in my classes, I noticedthat students were interested. They said more and wrote more. They enjoyed expressing their ideasand sharing them in groups. They were no longer passively waiting for the bell, but actively took part in the lesson. I find that creativity (创新)can act as a way to increase participation and improve fluency (流利程度).68. The underlined words "waiting for the hell" in the first paragraph probably mean _________A. longing for a phone call B. hoping to have a bellC. expecting the end of the classD. wanting to speak in class5. Members of the working class have blue-collar jobs. They are construction workers, truck drivers, mechanics, steel workers, electricians, and the like. What makes this class differ fromthe lower class is, first, longer periods of employment -- and therefore, more fixed incomes —and, second, employment in skilled or semiskilled (半熟练的) occupations, not unskilled ones. Although unemployment hits all levels of the American economy, including those of skilledand semi-skilled workers, it is most common at the bottom of the class structure and increasinglyless common at each level upward. They consider themselves to be respectable and hard workingand they look down upon members of the "lower" class, whom they often consider to be lazy, dis-honest, and too ready to exploit public assistance.(06.广东)65. The underlined word “hit〞(paragraph 1 ) roughly means .A. strike with a blowB. have bad effects onC. break uD. break6. When I first became a reporter I knew a man who gave up a very well paid respectable job atthe Daily Telegraph to go and edit a small weekly newspaper. At the time I was astonished by what appeared to me to be his completely abnormal (反常的) mental state. How could anyone turn his back on Fleet Street in central London for a small local area？I wanted to know.(06.广东)69. The underlined phrase "turn his back on" (paragraph 6) most probably means .A. leave forB. return toC. give upD. rely on答案有害的adj.get worsea kind of raincoat 厌恶，憎恨不赞成；不同意D B C C B C。
英语 阅读理解 不认识单词怎么办？这8个猜词技巧一定要掌握!
英语阅读理解不认识单词怎么办？这8个猜词技巧一定要掌握！在英语学习中，阅读理解是许多学生感到困惑和挑战的环节。
其中，遇到不认识的单词是阅读过程中的常见问题。
为了更好地解决这一问题，这里为大家介绍8个实用的猜词技巧，帮助大家提高英语阅读能力。
一、上下文线索在阅读过程中，关注上下文信息，尤其是前置词、介词、连词等，可以帮助我们了解单词在句子中的角色和含义。
例如，当句子中出现“although”、“though”等转折连词时，前后句意思可能存在转折关系，这时可以根据已知词汇推测不认识单词的词义。
二、词根词缀法词根词缀法是根据单词的构成部分来猜测词义。
了解常见的词根、词缀及其含义，可以帮助我们分析生词的基本含义。
例如，单词“interact”（互动），我们可以分析出“inter-”（相互）+“act”（行动）→ 相互行动，即互动。
三、同类词汇归纳法在阅读中，可以根据已知词汇的类别，归纳出陌生单词的可能类别。
例如，已知“dog”（狗）、“cat”（猫）等词汇，可以推测出“puppy”（小狗）、“kitten”（小猫）等生词的含义。
四、反义词推测法根据已知词汇的反义词，可以推测生词的词义。
例如，已知“old”（老）为“young”（年轻）的反义词，那么遇到“senior”（高级）时，可以猜测其与“junior”（初级）为反义关系。
五、常识判断法在阅读过程中，可以根据生活常识和所学知识来判断生词的含义。
例如，在描述食物的文章中，遇到“baguette”（法棍面包）这个生词，可以根据法国美食的常识来判断其词义。
六、语法分析法分析句子结构和语法规则，可以帮助我们了解生词在句子中的作用。
例如，当生词位于名词所有格或双重所有格时，可以猜测其为某个名词的属性或所有物。
七、联系生活实际法将生词与现实生活中的事物、情境相联系，可以帮助我们更好地理解词义。
例如，在学习科技文章时，遇到“nanometer”（纳米）这个生词，可以联系生活中的纳米材料、纳米技术等实际例子来推测其含义。
高考英语阅读理解猜测词义题解题技巧
后缀 一 ｉ ｓ ｅ ／ ｉ ｚ ｅ 意思 是使 成为 ；使化 ，结合词 根ｃ ｏ ｍ ｍ ｅ ｒ ｃ ｉ ａ ｌ （ 商 业的 ），不难猜 出 ｕ ｎ ｅ ｏ ｍ ｍ ｅ ｒ ｃ ｉ ｌ ａ ｉ ｚ ｅ ｄ 的意思是 ： 未 被商业 化的。 ３ ． 根据复合词的各部分猜测词义 例 如 ： （０ ５北 京 卷 Ｂ 段 ）Ｇ ｏ ｏ ｄ ｔ ｏｌ ｄ ｅ ｓ ｉ ｇ ｎ ｉ ｓ ｉ ｍｐ ｏ ｒ ｔ ａ ｎ ｔ ｉ ｎ ｔ ｈ ｅ
．
Ｔ ｈ ｅ ｗｏ ｒ ｄ ／ ｐ ｈ ｒ ａ ｅ ｓ
“
一
” ｉ ｎ Ｌｉ ｎ ｅ …， Ｐａ ｒ ａ… ｒ ｅ ｆ ｅ ｒ ｓ ｔ ｑ
—
根据 词 根ｅ ｄ ｕ ｃ ａ ｔ ｉ ｏ ｎ ａ ｌ（ 教 育的 ），结合 前缀 ｃ ｏ 一（ 共 同 ，一 起 ），我们便 可 以猜 出ｃ ｏ — ｅ ｄ ｕ ｃ ｔ ａ ｉ ｏ ｎ ａ ｌ 的意 思是 ：男女 同校教育 的 意思。 ２ ． 根据后缀猜测词义 例 如 ： （ｏ ５广 东 卷 Ｅ 段 ）Ｉ ｔ ｓ ａ ｑ ｕ ｉ ｅ ｔ ，ｃ ｏ ｍ ｆ ｏ ｒ ｔ ａ ｂ ｌ ｅ ｈ ｏ ｔ ｅ ｌ
高考英 语 阅读理解猜 测词义题 解题 技 巧
辽 宁省 凌 源市 第 一 高级 中学
在 阅读 中我们 经常会 遇到 许多生词 。这时许 多同学立 即翻阅 词典 ，查找 词义 。这样做不但 费时费 力 ，而且 影响阅 读速度 、影 响对语 篇的 整体把 握 。事实上 ，阅读材 料 中的每个词 与它前 后的 词语 或句子甚 至段 落都有联 系。我们 可以利用语 境 （ 各种 已知信 息 ）推测 、判 断某 些生词 的词 义 。近年 来全 国统一高 考中加 大了 对考 生猜词义 能力 的考查 ，因此 ，掌握 一定的猜 词技 巧 ，对 突破 高考 阅读理解 、提高我们 的英语语 言能力 都有 非常重 要的意义。 这种题常见的提 问方式有 ：
高中英语阅读理解之词义猜测题技巧
高中英语阅读理解之词义猜测题技巧词义猜测是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考阅读理解中必考的题型。
同学们应加强训练通过构词、定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、同义、反义及语境等确定词义的技能。
由于猜测词义题涉及题材背景、句子结构、文章主旨、作者的观点态度等，因此联系主旨、整合上下文信息是解答这类题的关键。
命题者在出这类题时惯用常规词义来麻痹考生，同学们要特别注意熟词生义，切不可脱离语境主观臆断。
我们必须熟练掌握的猜测词义的方法有：（一）根据构词法判断词义三种构词法，即合成、转化、派生，是我们猜测词义需掌握的基本方法。
合成法：通过构成合成词的每个单词的含义猜测和领会其含义；转化法：通过一个词的本意猜测出它转化后的意思，常见的是名词和动词、形容词和动词以及形容词和名词之间的相互转化；派生法：由一个词根加前缀（p refix）或后缀（suffix）构成词的方法称为派生法。
一般来说，前缀改变词义，后缀改变词性。
所以掌握了一些基本的词汇和词缀，我们就可以猜测出很多词的意义。
（二）根据语境判断词义这是提高阅读速度和理解率必备的判断断词义的能力。
语境可能是一个句子、几个句子、甚至一个段落或通篇文章。
我们可分别将其称为小语境、中语境和大语境。
1.小语境(1)定义式常用的词有：be,mean,deal with,be considered,to be,be c alled,define,represent,refer to等。
例1：Mark Twain was not the author‘s real name;it w as a pseudonym.例2：Mechanized farming means the use of modern m achinery on farms.(2)例举式常用词有：for example,for instance,such as,like等。
例1：Newly-married young people often spend some o f their money on appliances,for instance,washing-machines,r efrigerators and televisions.例2：Doctors suggest that everyone should exercise ev ery day,especially those who do sedentary work，like readi ng,typing and sewing.(3)重述式常用词有：and,or,similarly,that is(to say),in other words, namely,say,i.e.等例1：Red had the longest wavelength;that is,the distan ce between each wave is longest in redlight than in any ot her color.例2：The football player was penalized for his rudene ss and the punishment was a good lesson for him.(4)同位语构成同位关系的两部分之间常用逗号连接，有时也使用破折号，冒号，分号，引号和括号等。
高考英语阅读理解技巧(精选5篇)
高考英语阅读理解技巧(精选5篇)高考英语阅读理解技巧【篇1】一、克服生词障碍，扩大词汇量。
任何一篇英语阅读理解*中都可能存在生词、不熟悉的短语或成语。
有些生词根本就不影响对*主旨的理解。
根据句子结构特点或上下文猜测词义。
平常多看英语*，增强英语语感，也能确保大限度地猜准词义。
二、搞清句子成份，把握句式结构特点。
句子是由各种句子成份构成的，而且有些句子成份对于句子来说是必须的，句子所表达的主要意思基本上可通过它们来表达，如主、谓、宾，但是，一个句子的主、谓、宾成份还常带有其他修饰成份，这些修饰成份或多或少地增加了句子的复杂程度，进而对快速、准确阅读产生一定的影响。
三、注意整体把握*的篇章结构。
任何一篇*的写作思路都应符合人们思维普遍遵循的规律，先说什么，后说什么，用什么方式，都应始终围绕一个中心，或叙述、说明一个事实，或表达、支持一种观点，同时提供相应的关键细节和有力证据高考英语阅读理解技巧【篇2】1、略读法略读法是快速阅读中的一种方法，通常又称为浏览。
略读的关键是在能抓住*要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读，主要目的是尽快获得足够的信息以便准确地回答有关*主旨和大意的问题。
利用略读法去做阅读时，要特别注意*首尾两段，要学会寻找*段落的主题句，这是高效省时抓住段落要点的一条捷径，同时也是准确理解全文大意的有效途径。
2、查阅法考生从文段中获得所需的具体信息，可以不需要阅读整篇*，而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分，然后加以阅读就行，这种方法就是查阅法。
查阅法主要是获得具体的信息，回答具体的问题，即测试中的细节问题，它常常与5W和1H，即Who,What,When,Where,Why和How有关，有时跟具体的数字如长度、宽度、距离、大小、尺寸等有联系。
考生在使用查阅法时，应该注意*的结构和顺序排列，*的结构有的是按时间顺序排列，有的是按空间顺序排列，有的是按逻辑顺序排列。
弄清楚*的排列顺序考生就能在阅读和回答问题时做到高效省时，准确无误，在最短的时间内找到所需的信息。
英语阅读中的猜词技巧
英语阅读中的猜词技巧在大量的阅读中常会遇到一些生词。
查字典当然是排除词义障碍的一种方法，但如果一遇到生词就停下来查词典，那么，不仅会影响阅读速度，还会破坏学生的阅读思路和兴趣。
此外，一词多义是英语词汇的主要特点。
字典通常只能给学生提供一个单词的一般含义，也就是说，字典不一定能为学生提供单词在上下文中的具体或确切的意义。
因此教师应帮助和引导学生通过上下文联系、逻辑推理和构词法以及一些非语言知识来推断其词义。
常见的技巧有：一、使用上下文中的反义词和同义词猜测生词。
例如，许多文章中，作者常用一些反义词（组）使上下文形成鲜明对比以增强表达效果。
一对反义词组中如果有一个是生词，教师可以指导学生借助语境线索，将生词的词义反推出来。
这时，注意生词前后的but, however, while, on the contrary 等过渡词引出的对立关系。
例如：The boy is not stupid, on the contrary ,no one could be more intelligent. 通过 on the contrary 可以判断出intelligent与 stupid 意思相反，应该是：聪明的，有才智“的意思。
在英语文章中为了避免重复，作者常用同义词或反义词进行替换。
这时，要注意 or, like, similarly, in the same way 等过渡词引出相同或类似的意思。
例如： It’s difficult to believe that there are people who like to destroy or spoil beautiful things从前后可以判断出 spoil 与 destroy 同义，为“破坏”二、使用词的定义或定语从句猜测词义1. The textbook glossary is a list of new words and phrases we have learned in the text. 根据后半句list of new words and phrases we have learned in the text. 的解释就能明白 glossary 的词义是“词汇表”。
高三英语高考阅读理解猜词技巧
做“阅读理解”题的猜词技巧平时,同学们在做“阅读理解”题时,经常会遇到一些生词｡这时,许多同学会立即翻阅词典,查找生词的词义｡其实这种做法不但费时费力,而且会影响阅读速度,也不利于对文章的整体理解,何况在正式考试时也不准带词典｡事实上,阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子､甚至段落有着互相制约的关系｡因此,我们首先可以利用语境(各种已知信息)来推测､判断某些生词的词义;还可以利用构词法的知识､日常生活知识来猜测词义｡一､根据释义猜测词义在有些文章中,某些生词的词义往往会在下文中得到解释或说明｡这些解释有时以定义､定语从句､同位语的形式出现;有时用破折号､括号､冒号､引号等符号引出或圈定的内容表示出来;有时还用that is, or, that is to say, in other words 等词语引出｡例如:1. Anthropology is the scientific study of man. 由句意可知, anthropology就是“研究人类的科学”｡2. A bookmark is something put between the pages of a book to mark the place. 假定bookmark是生词,根据下文所提供的解释,可猜出它的词义是“书签”｡3. He takes a special interest in botany which concerns the study of plants. 根据定语从句中的“which concerns the study of plants”, 我们可以知道botany应该是“植物学”之意｡4. The new edifice, a twenty-four-storey building, was completed last month. 其中edifice可能是生词,但它的同位语a twenty-four-storey building 告诉我们, edifice的词义是“建筑物”｡5. Capacitance, or the ability to store electric charge, is one of the most common characteristics of electronic circuits. 根据同位语我们很容易猜出生词capacitance的词义是“电容量”｡6. The doctor was on the night-shift——from midnight to 8 o'clock. 句中night-shift的意思可以从破折号后面的内容猜出,它的词义应该是“夜班”｡7. They are vertebrates, that is, animals that have backbones. 这里vertebrates的意思可以由that is后面的内容猜测出来,意为“脊椎动物”｡二､通过下文所举的例子猜测词义在有些文章中,下文所举的例子也可以给读者提供猜测上文生词词义的重要线索｡例如:Generally, we like to read periodicals, such as Time Magazine, Newsweek, Reader's Digest, etc. 根据句子后面所给出的例子,我们可以推断出periodical 的意思是“期刊”｡三､根据词语之间的对等关系猜测词义The hot tropical weather created a feeling of lassitude and encouraged laziness. 这个句子中的and连接created a feeling of lassitude和encouraged laziness两个并列成分｡ Created与encouraged相对应,而lassitude与laziness 相对应,由此我们可以猜测出lassitude大概是“困乏”､“无力”､“无精打采”等意思｡四､根据对比､转折关系猜测词义If you agree, write “Yes”; if you dissent, write “No”. 此句前后对比分明,前句表示肯定,后句表示否定,由此我们可以推断出dissent与agree的意思相反,意为“不同意”､“不赞成”｡又如:Mr Green always is punctual for everything, but for some reason he was late for an important meeting last week. 我们可以根据表示转折关系的but 后面的内容“he was late”知道, punctual的意思与其相反,那么punctual就是“守时的”､“准时的”的意思｡因此,同学们在阅读时,要注意常见的表示转折意义的词语,如but, however, though, otherwise, neverthess, on the other hand等｡五､根据因果关系猜测词义Mary didn't notice me when I came into the classroom, because she was completely engrossed in his reading. 主句的意思是“当我走进教室的时候,玛丽没有注意到我”｡据此,我们可以推断从句中的engross可能是“使全神贯注”､“吸引”的意思｡又如:There were so many demonstrators in the Red Square that he had to elbow his way through the crowd. 此句中that引导的是结果状语从句,根据主句的描述“许多示威者”,我们便可推知elbow的词义为“挤”､“挤过”｡其它常见的表示因果关系的词有because, since, as, so, so ... That ..., such ... That ... 等｡六､根据同义词的替代关系猜测词义在句子或段落中,我们可以利用已知的词语,推断出生词的词义｡例如:Although he often had the opportunity, Mr Tritt was never able to steal money from a customer. This would have endangered his position at the bank, and he did not want to be detrimental to your health. They also regard drinking as harmful. 句中detrimental是个生词,但由harmful我们不难推断出其词义为“使危险的”､“有害的”｡七､根据词缀猜测词义As you are receiving my note by E-mail, it's wise to remember how easily this wonderful technology can be misused, sometimes unintentionally, with serious consequences. 此句中, misuse是在词根use前面加上前缀mis-而构成的, mis-表示“误”､“错”的意思,从而可以判断misuse意为“错用”､“误用”; unintentionally是由intention→intentional→intentionally→unintionally逐步派生而成的,从而不难推测出它的意思为“不是有意地”｡根据词缀猜测词义又可以分为以下两种情况:1. 根据前缀猜测词义以unforeseeable一词为例,其中的词根为see, 前缀fore-的含义是“早先”､“预先”的意思,前缀un-是“不”的意思,由此可以猜知,该词的词义为“未能预见的”｡2. 根据后缀猜测词义Insecticide is applied where it is needed. 后缀-cide表示“杀……者”､“杀灭剂”的意思,结合大家所熟悉的词根insect(昆虫),不难猜出insecticide意为“杀虫剂”｡又如:Then the vapor may change into droplets. 后缀-let表示“小的”意思,词根drop指“滴”､“滴状物”｡在词根drop后面加上后缀-let之后, droplet意为“小滴”､“微滴”｡八､根据复合词的各个组成部分的意思猜测词义有一部分复合词的词义可以通过它们的构成成分的意思来猜测出该复合词的意思｡例如:Growing economic problems were highlighted by a slowdown in oil output. 该句中的hightlight可能是一个生词,但是分析该词的构成成分后,就能推测出其含义｡它是由表示“高的”､“强的”high和“光线”light两部分组成的,复合词hightlight表示“以强光照射”､“使突出”的意思｡ Bullfight is very popular in Spain. Bull意为“公牛”, fight意为“打”､“搏斗”,两者结合在一起,指一种在西班牙颇为流行的体育运动——斗牛｡九､根据日常常识来猜测词义People who refuse to comply with the law will be punished. 受到惩罚的常常是不遵守法律的人｡由此,我们可以推断出comply的意思是“遵从”､“服从”｡。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
高考英语阅读理解的猜词技巧猜测词义，是指在阅读过程中根据对语篇提供的信息、行文逻辑、背景知识及语言结构等的综合理解去猜测或推断某个生词、难词、关键词的词义。
英语词语的意义非常丰富，语境不同，词义也就不同。
所以解决此类题目要掌握一定的猜词策略。
I.根据上下文语境进行猜测任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整篇文章有关。
利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析而推测词义，是阅读过程中的一大关键，也是高考的热点。
如：例1.(2002年全国卷，B篇)“Organic produce is always better，”Gold said，“The food is free of pesticides(农药)，and you are generally supporting family farms instead of large farms. And more often than not it is locally(本地)grown and seasonal，so it is more tasty.”Gold is one of a growing number of shoppers buying into the organic trend，and supermarkets across Britain are counting on more like him as they grow their organic food business62.What is the meaning of “the organic trend”as the words are used in the text？A.growing interest in organic foodB.better quality of organic foodC.rising market for organic foodD.higher prices of organic food例2.(2003年全国卷,C篇)Fermat's Last Theorem(定理).First put forward by the French mathematician Pierrede Fermat in the seventeenth century，the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds，including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem，and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecole Polytechnique.65.Which of the following best exp lains the meaning of the word “baffle” as used in the text？A.To encourage people to raise questions.B.To cause difficulty in understanding.C.To provide a person with an explanation.D.To limit people's imagination.例3.If he thinks he can invite me out, he is all wet. I don’t like to be with him.A. drunkB. sweatingC. happyD. mistaken练习：1.A deaf and dump guy went into a hardware store to ask for some nails.2. The climate of the west coast is the most moderate in Canada, summers are cool and fairly dry and winters are mild, cloudy and wet. Even in mid-winter, the temperature is usually above freezing.3. All the houses in the city collapsed during the earthquake.4. For people who live within a stone’s throw from the office to be late to work is unforgivable.5. The conflagration was so fierce that with just a few second one could see towering flames where the house had stood and the smoke which filled the sky could be seen for miles and miles.（二）根据定义或解释猜测词义有些阅读文章，尤其是新闻报导及科普类文章中的有些生词，往往在其后有对该词进行解释说明性的短语或句子，如to be, that is , mean, stand for, namely, to refer to, to mean ,in otherwords等，有时也以同位语、定语从句的形式出现，或用破折号、括号来表示，这时可利用这种关系或解释对前面或后面的词义进行猜测。
例如： 1.(2006年福建卷，A篇) The schools are reluctant to take time off--even teachers with tickets for the England-Argentina game had trouble getting the day off.59.The underlined word“reluctant”in the passage may probably mean_______.A. kindB. unwillingC. freeD. careless2.Some ships carried cargo such as coal, oil and military supplies(军用物资),while others carried only passengers.练习：1.Yet, shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems, such as shoplifter, who always take away things from the shop without paying for them.2.The best football, basketball and tennis players can become professional that means they will have a career in sports and will get money when they play.3.Kleptomania is an illness of the mind that gives a person the desire to steal.4.The word “lefty” means a person who uses his or her left hand for writing, eating and other jobs.5.Doctors recommended that everyone exercise every day, particular those who spend many hours doing sedentary activities like reading, typing or sewing.6.A person who has the SARS （非典型肺炎）may have symptoms like coughing and a high temperature.（三）根据反义词或反义关系有的文章作者为了增强表达效果，会用一对反义词揭示事物的不同点，形成鲜明的对比，这时只要把握其中的一词，就不难推出另一词的含义，这种句子多见unlike, although, but, yet, while, on the contrary, on the other hand, for one thing, for another, instead of, rather than等信息词。
例如：One idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information. Quite the reverse, business polite, life itself is games which we must normally play with very imperfect information.A. Quite right.B. Time enough.C. Most unlike.D. Just the opposite.练习：1.Unlike the Unite States where many different nationalities make up the population, Japan’s population is quite homogeneous.2. Thousands of people got stuck in lifts. But no one panicked, we passed the time telling stories.3. Most of us agreed; however, Gary dissented.4. He is homely, not at all as handsome as his brother.(四). 根据同义词或近义词关系常见的引出同义词的标志性词语有or, like, similarly等。
例如：Millions of animals die each year on roads, the highway administration reports. In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat exist in the US today. The main reason? Roadkill. 练习：1.Not every historic mansion, church, battle site, theatre and other public halls can be preserved.2.We should, therefore, learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will make our speech silly and vulgar.3.Their friends laughed at them, and my sister felt wretched, very unhappy.（五）根据构词法猜测词义阅读中常会遇到一些由所熟悉的单词派生或合成的新词，可利用构词法知识来推测其意思。