高考英语阅读理解猜词技巧[课件]

精明的
Ex. 3
修剪
混浊的
◎He’s such a shrewd businessman that he loses no money in any trade.
◎She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long. The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow(浅的）.
麻雀
中学英语中常见的前缀和后缀

super-（超）， inter-（在……之间）， -able（能……的）， mini-（极少的，微型的），micro-（极微小的）， re-（再， 反复），sub-（分支的，底下），co-（共同），post- (后)， pre-（前）， trans-（超越；转换）， under-（在……之下； 低于……；不足）， -hood（状态；性质；时期）， -ish （如……的；有点儿……的）； -proof（防……的；……不 能穿透的）， -scope（景）， -ship（身份；资格；权力； 性质）， -some（易于……的）， -wards（向）， mis-（误； 恶）， un-（不；非）， in-（不；非）， im-（不； 非）， dis-（不）， non- （不；非），-less（不； 无）， anti-（反； 防） ， sino-（中国）
In some countries where there is very little rain, the farmers have to irrigate, or water their fields.
All whales consist of two groups, those with teeth and those without, Dolphins belong to odontoceti, that is to say, they are toothed whales.
鲑鱼
6) The lady asked the waitress to get her a saucer． A．a glass B．a cake C．a small plate
The lady asked the waitress to get her a clean saucer． The lady asked the waitress to get her a clean saucer to put her coffee cup on．
猫头鹰
3）The boy wants a pony． A．dog B．cat C．horse
The boy wants a brown pony． The boy wants to ride a brown pony.
小型马
4）The children are looking at an ape. A．a kind of monkey B．a kind of snake C．a kind of fruit
代替
圆胖的
7、生活经验, 生活常识, 逻辑推理
When a doctor performs an operation on a patient, he usually gives an anaesthetic to make him unconscious, because he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him. When you throw a stone into still water of a lake, you will watch a ripple spread in rings on the surface of water.
welcome
Dealing with new words or phrases in reading comprehension (阅读理解）
• He is a good Christian.
Translate these sentences
他是一名虔诚的教徒。 他是一名慈爱的父亲。 他是一个听话的孩子。
l）Jane is usually prompt. A．late B．on time C．pleased
Jane is usually prompt for her classes． Jane is usually prompt for all her classes， but she arrived in the middle of her first class today.
Metal expands when heated and contracts when cooled.
麻药 波纹
膨胀 冷缩
8. 根据生词所在的上下文猜测词义
例题： Tom can’t find his sneakers. A. money B. bowls C. shoes Tom can’t find his white sneakers． Tom can’t play tennis now because he can’t find his white sneakers.
On the farm they mainly raise poultry, such as chickens, ducks and geese, for their eggs and meat.
5、重述
有牙齿的 灌溉 信号词: or, that is ( to say ), in other words, to put it another way, i.e.
The children are looking at an ape at the zoo ． The children are looking at a large, hairy(毛 的) ape at the zoo．
猿
5）The trout is very cheap． A．fish B．fruit C．apple The fresh trout is very cheap． The fresh trout is very cheap, but I don’t know how to cook it．
4、举例法
装置
家禽
信号词: such, such as, like, for example/ instance, especially, include, consist of Cars must have certain safety devices such as seat belt, headlights, and good brakes（刹车）.
她是一名敬业的老师。
她是一个可靠的朋友。
• • • • • •
Heavy Heavy Heavy Heavy Heavy Heavy
news 晴天霹雳 food 热量高的食物 硬水 water appearance 粗陋的长相 sleeper 睡觉沉的人 smoker 烟鬼
他爹死了。 • His father has died. • His father has passed away. 他父亲去世了。 • His old man has kicked the bucket.
• He is a good father.
• He is a good child.
• He is a goodHale Waihona Puke Baiduhusband.
• She is a good wife.
他是一个有责任心的丈夫。 她是一个贤惠的妻子。
• She is a good teacher. • She is a good friend.
◎Although a large number of people considered him to have stolen the money, I was sure that he was innocent of the thing.
3、因果关系
信号词: because, since, as, for, due to, so, therefore, so…that, such…that, thus
1、定义或解释说明
●信号词：be, be called, mean, be defined as, the same as, like, as...as…, to
be，refer to
Ex. 1 木匠
动物学家
牧人
夜班
◎A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter. ◎His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animals. ◎The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year. ◎We are on the night shift --- from midnight to 8 a.m. --- this week.
6、同义词、近义词 信号词: or, like , as…as, the same as The new tax law supersedes, or replaces, the law that was in effect last year. Mother was tall, fat and middle-aged. My aunt was an old woman, almost as plump as mother, and much shorter.
不同意
无辜的
◎ Though Tom’s face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby. John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things, his wife, however, is very thrifty. ◎If you agree, write “ yes”; if you dissent, write “no”.
他家老爷子蹬腿了。
• His beloved father has joined the heavenly choir.
其父已驾鹤西游了。
猜 词 技 巧
1、定义或解释说明 2、对比关系 3、因果关系 4、举例法 5、重述
6、同义词、近义词
7、生活经验, 生活常识, 逻辑推理 8. 根据生词所在的上下文猜测词义 9.根据常见的前缀，词根和后缀进行猜词
adj.敏捷的, 迅速的, 即时的adv.准时地
2）Tom saw an owl last night．
A．a bird B．an animal C．the sun Tom saw an owl in a tree last night． Tom saw an owl last night but it flew away when he got near．
茶托
7)We seldom see a sparrow now. A．a kind of dog B．a kind of plane C．a kind of bird
We seldom see a sparrow in the sky. We seldom see a sparrow in the sky because the air is not so clean now as used to be．
2、对比关系
信号词: but, however, yet, otherwise, while, though, on the one hand…on the other hand, for one thing…for another thing, instead of 等
污秽的 Ex. 2
节约的