表语从句、同位语从句例句
主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句
名词性从句的概念在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句。
名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。
主语从句如果一个从句在一个句子中充当主语，这个从句就叫主语从句。
主语从句可以直接放在句首；也可用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。
主语从句可以用连词that，whether，连接代词what，who，which，连接副词when, where，how，why等引导。
That light travels in straight lines is known to all.众所周知，光沿直线传播。
It is still a question when we shall have our sports meeting．我们什么时候开运动会仍然是一个问题。
It is certain that he will come to the discussion.他来参加讨论是确定无疑的。
Whether we discuss the question has yet to be decided.我们是否讨论这个问题还有待决定。
What you bought is an interesting book.你所买的是本有趣的书。
Whenever you come is all right.不管你什么时候来都行。
主语从句的语序与陈述句语序相同，即采用“主语+谓语动词+其他”这样的模式。
宾语从句的结构在句子中起宾语作用的句子叫宾语从句。
宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可以作介词和某些形容词的宾语。
1.由that引导的宾语从句that在从句中不充当任何句子成分，只起连接主句和从句的作用。
that不用翻译出来，（在口语当中）常可省略。
We all know that we don't have enough medicine.我们都知道我们缺药。
She said that she would drop maths.她说她要放弃数学。
高中名词性从句详细讲解+例句
名词性从句I. !"#$%&一、定义名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子。
它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语，分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
二、分类&表语从句1) That is(系动词) a book.S + P 表语2) The fact is(系动词)that he has lied to usS + P 表语从句&宾语从句1) He said(vt) nothing at the meeting.S + P 宾语2) He said (vt) (that) he would help us without hesitation.S + P 宾语从句3) He is interested in (prep) what we want for breakfast.S + P 宾语从句&主语从句1) His mistakes made his teacher angry.主语+ P2) That he made so many mistakes made his teacher angry.主语从句P3)What he said made his teacher angry.主语从句P&同位语从句1) You can turn to my friend Tom for help.S + P 同位语2) The announcement that a new airport was to be built nearby made us excited.S 同位语从句+ P3) We heard the news that the war had broken out between America and Iraq.S + P 同位语从句三、引导词名称引导词在从句中担任成分连接词that, whether, if 不作成分连接代词what, whatever, who, whoever, whose, which, whichever 主语、宾语、表语、定语连接副词when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however 状语例如：a. He said that he would come.b. Whether he can pass the exam is not certain.c. He agrees with what I said.d. He agrees with what was said.e. I don’t know what present I should buy.f. That is where Tom used to live.g. That’s why he left.四、名词性从句语序名词性从句用陈述句语序。
名词性从句详解(主语从句、并与从句、表语从句与同位语从句)
主语从句如果一个句子在复合句中充当主语,那么这个句子就是主语从句。
主语从句主要有以下三类：1．由what等代词引导的主语从句：这类主语从句可由三类代词引起：1)whatWhat you need are more friends．What I did made my teacher angry．2)whateverWhatever I have done is for you.Whatever has been done here is helpful for your future．3)whoeverWhoever comes here will be welcome．Whoever take part in the activity will get reward．what 引导的主语从句，主句谓语动词通常用单数形式，但有两种特殊情况：a)what在从句中作主语时，主句谓语动词的单复数与从句的谓语动词保持一致。
What makes him happy also makes me happy.What are put into the box are important to me.b) 当主句中的表语是复数时，主句谓语动词用复数，否则用单数。
What he gave are five books.2．由that引导的主语从句：这类主语从句大多数用it作形式主语，而真正的主语放到句子后部，以保持句子的平稳，也有少数直接用这种从句作主语，不用it。
（主语从句位于句首时，that不可省略；当用it作形式主语，真正的主语放置在句尾，且谓语动词为seem、appear、be a pity、be a wonder、be likely时，that可省略。
）1）It’s a pity(that)you can’t come to my party．2）That she works hard makes her leaders satisfied．3）That Jack becomes a doctor is his mother’s wish. 3．由连接代（副)词及whether引导的主语从句：这类主语从句可以直接放在句首，也可以放到句尾，前面用先行词it作形式上的主语。
主语从句+表语从句+同位语从句
高中语法—主语从句+表语从句+同位语从句❖讲解●主语从句一．定义：在句中起主语作用的从句二．语序—陈述句语序When will he come is not known. ×→When he will come is not knownWhether can animals be well protected is of great importance.×→Whether animals can be well protected is of great importance.→陈述句语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分三．连接词1.从属连词：that/whether①that：没有意义，不作成分，不可省略(that=口袋→把句子装起来）@3.10,25,28,30②whether“是否”不可省略,不可用if代替---Whether they would support us was a problem.（if“如果”有歧义）@4.5 ,312.连接代词①who,whom,what,which,whose,whoever,whomever,whatever,whichever②特定意义，不可省略③在主语从句中做成分What we need is water.---作宾语@29Who will go makes no difference.---作主语@12，14,17,19，#4,12Who he is remains uncertain.---作表语Whose shirt it is remains unknown. ---作定语#16*Whoever(Anyone who) wants to enter into this school must take the exam. ---无论是谁@18*Whatever(Anything that) she did was right. ---@2①when,why,how,where②特定意义，不可省略③作状语，表示时间，地点，原因，方式When he will be back depends on the weather.---时间状语Where the test will be given is not yet decided.---地点状语#14Why dinosaurs died out remains a puzzle.---原因状语#13How this happened is not clear to anyone. ---方式状语四．时态：不受主句的时态影响和限制五．It作形式主语1.结构it is...that...（无意义，不做成分）①It is certain that she will do well in her exam. →It is+a.+that...②It’s a pity that we can’t go.→It is+n.词组+that...(no wander难怪，an honor荣耀）@1，16,20③It is said that Tiny Times is a good movie→It is said,reported,suggested,well-known+that...@13#6④It happened that I was out that day.→ It + 特殊动词（seem似乎，happen碰巧doesn’t matter）+ that ...@6,7,8 2.It is+其他连接词（有意义，作成分）It was a problem whether they would support us.It is hard to understand why there is gravity.@11,15,#73.否定前移It seems that they are not from the same university.→It doesn’t seem that they are from the same university.六．注意1.主语从句中的连词---不能重叠使用That whether he will help others is a fact.×→That he will help others is a fact.2.含主语从句的主句谓语动词---用单数第三人称形式When he will come are a puzzle.×→When he will come is a puzzle.@9,#23.what 引导的主语从句---根据表语决定主句动词的单复数形式①What he needs is that book.②What he needs are some books.●表语从句That is what he is worried about.一．定义：在句子中作表语的句子，be,look,seem,appear,sound,feel,remain+表语从句二．语序—陈述句语序三．连接词=主语从句@191.seem,appear,look,sound,feel+as if/as though“好像...”①It looked as f it was going to rain.②It sounds as though someone is knocking at the door.2.The reason why I came late is that my car broke down on the half way.He came late. That’s because his car broke down.His car broke down on the half way. That’s why he came late.四．时态：与主句无关●同位语从句The fact （名词）that he is older than me is obvious.一．定义:解释说明某一名词的内容和实质的从句=该名词(fact,idea,news,promise)I have no idea who will be our teacher.The question why the actress was killed is not clear.二．语序—陈述句语序三．连接词=主语从句，都不能省略#3四．时态：与主句无关❖当堂练习主语从句答题技巧：动词前面是主从，缺啥补啥选连词，that句首不能省，if不可替whether,it形主要记牢，常用that不可省，不做成分无意义，其他连词作成分.1.What a pity _____is _____you didn’t arrive by daylight.A. there, becauseB. it, thatC. he, whenD. that, forB.你白天没来真可惜呀，①what a pity it is!...真可惜呀②it作形式主语，真正主语that you didn’t arrive by daylight2. We are ready to do ______ the country wants us to do.A. whatB. whichC. no matter whatD. whateverD①根据句意，选无论什么CD②no matter what不能引导名词性从句，不能放句中；引导让步状语从句，放句首：No matter what happened, he would not mind.③whatever,句首句中都可以放3.It is a pity that you (should) miss such a good chance.___ he made an important speech at the meeting was true.A.ThatB. WhyC. WhatD. HowA.that引导主语从句，不做成分，不可省略4. ___we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather .A IfB WhetherC ThatD WhereB句意是否5.____ his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain.That B. Whether C. If D. Even ifB句意是否6. It is known to us ___ where there is pollution, there is harm.A. whichB. whereC. whatD. ThatD.it作形式主语7.It’s known to us all ___ a form of energy .A.water isB. that water isC. is waterD. that water toB.It is known to us all that...it作形式主语8. It worried her a bit ___ her hair was turning gray.A. whetherB. thatC. whatD. WhenB.it作形式主语9.What I say and think ___ none of your business.A.isB. areC. has D haveA含主语从句的主句谓语动词---用单数第三人称形式10--- I saw your neighbor break your window with a basketball.--- __A__ it made me nearly mad.A. That he brokeB. What he brokeC. He brokeD. His break11.It remains a question _A___ we can get so much money in such a short time.A.howB. thatC. whenD. what12. They lost their way in the forest and __A__ made matters worse was _表语从句__ night began to fall.A. what; thatB. it; thatC. what; whenD. which; what13. ___A_____that they found an unusual plant in the forest.A. It is saidB. They are saidC. It saidD. It says14. ___A__ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.A. WhatB. ThatC. HowD. Where15. It worried Mary a lot __A___ she would pass the college entrance examination.A. whetherB. ifC. thatD. how16. __A__ is no possibility ______ Bob will win the first prize in the match.A. There, thatB. It, thatC. There, whetherD. It, whetherThere is no possibility=it is impossible含有no一般用there：there is no doubt17. ___B_surprised me most was _____such a little girl of seven could play the violin so well.A. That; whatB. What; thatC. That; thatD. What; whatThat引导表语从句18. ___C__ helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A. WhoB. AnyoneC. WhoeverD. The personWhoever=anyone who19. ___A_ she couldn’t understand was _____ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A. What; whyB. That; whyC. What; becauseD. Why; thatWhy引导表语从句20. It was __A__ he said ___ disappointed me.A. What; thatB. That; thatC. What; whatD. That;what❖名词性从句综合练习名词性从句答题技巧：动词后面是宾从，动词前面是主从，be的后面加表从，名词后面同位语；一看陈述句语序，二看连词选什么，连接代词看缺啥，连接副词看句意；主从that不可省，同位连词都留下，三看时态四it，既作形主又形宾。
名词性从句用法详解
I think it is because you are doing too much.我想这是因为你做得太多。
连接代词
what
which
who
whom
whose
什么
哪一
谁
谁
谁的
主语
表语
宾语
定语
宾补
The problem is who we can get to replace her.问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
It’s a pity that we can’t go.很遗憾我们不能去。
It’s no surprise that our team should have won the game.我们没赢这场比赛真意外。
3）It+be+过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.)+that从句。
whoever
whatever
whichever
无论谁
无论什么
无论哪一
主语
表语
宾语
定语
宾补
She will give whoever needs help a warm support.凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。
Eat whichever one you like and leave the others for whoever comes in late.喜欢吃哪一个就吃哪一个，把其余的留给进来迟的。
How this happened is not clear to anyone.这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。
表语同位语从句
表语从句在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。
引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if引导。
其基本结构为：主语+ 系动词+ that从句。
例如：This is how we got out of trouble then．The fact is that we have lost the game. 事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。
That’s just what I want. 这正是我想要的。
This is where our problem lies. 这就是我们的问题所在。
That is why he didn’t come to the meeting. 那就是他为什么不到会的原因。
It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。
My anger is because he often tells lies.【注意】I．表示“是否”时。
表语从句的引导词只用whether。
The question is whether we can trust him.II．That引导表语从句时，通常不省略，但在口语中也可省略或“，”代替that。
Ⅲ当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。
The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning .表语从句用连接代词、连接副词和从属连词that, whether, as if, because引导The impression he makes on me is________________________(他是个可靠的人。
)That’s ____________________________(正是我们所担心的)That is____________________(他出生的地方)The reason____________________(她这么成功) is_____________________（她既聪明又勤奋）同位语从句同位语从句一般跟在某些名词后面，用以解释或说明前面的名词的内容。
初中英语同位语从句、主语从句及表语从句
同位语从句，主语从句和表语从句一、同位语从句1.同位语：当两个指同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置时，一个句子成分被用来说明或解释另一个句子成分，前者就叫做后者的同位语。
这两个句子成分多由名词或代词担任。
同位语通常放在其说明的名词或代词之后。
eg:We have two children, a boy and a girl.eg:We ,the chinese people , are determinded to build China into a powerful an prosperous country.2.同位语从句：与先行词（名词或代词）同位或等同的从句叫做同位语从句。
同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, opinion, thought, suggestion, promise, word(消息), message, request, order, proposal, plan, question等，多由连接代词that引导。
eg:The fact that the money has gone doesn’t mean it was stolen.eg:The hope that he may recover is faint.3.同位语从句的引导词及特点：1）连接代词that 引导的同位语从句中，that只起连接作用,不充当句子的成分。
2）连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where, when, why, how引导的同位语从句中，其引导词在句子中起连接作用即将主句与从句连接起来，且要在从句中充当成分。
3）从属连词whether, if引导同位语从句中，whether, if只起连接作用，不在句子中充当成分，也不替代先行词。
注：连接代词与连接副词，关系代词与关系副词的区别如下：连接代词和连接副词是引导同位语从句的，其在句子中起连接作用即将主句与从句连接起来，且要在从句中充当成分（that除外）；关系代词与关系副词是引导定语从句的，其在句子中除了具备与连接代词和连接副词同等的作用外，即起连接作用（连接主从句），在句子中充当成分，而且还要替代先行词。
主语从句_表语从句_同位语从句)
我的问题是他是否离开了
注：if不能引导表语从句
3）wh-疑问句（who/where/how..）当表语从 句为疑问的语气时，用wh-疑问句来引导，要 注意从句语序为陈述语序。 1.My question is who left. 我想问的是谁离开了 2.That’s what he wants. 那是他想要的。 3.This is where they once lived. 这就是他们曾经住过的地方。 4.That is why he didn’t come here. 这就是他为何没到这儿来的原因。
1.Africa is a big continent.
2.The patient is out of danger. 3.The sun is up. 4.The egg smells good. 5.Her job is selling computers. 主语+系动词+表语
exercises
Combine the sentences using “the fact that” Ann was late. That didn’t surprise me. Rosa didn’t come. That made me angry. I am a little tired. I feel fine except for that. Many people live in poverty. That must concern all of us. Lily didn’t pass the entrance examination. She was not admitted to the university due to that .
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表语从句
1.The question was who could go there.
2.That’s why he was late.
3.The question is whether they will be able to help us.
4.The trouble is that I have lost his address.
5.Their first idea was that had had hidden it.
6.That’s what we are here for.
7.He is no longer what he used to be.
8.That’s where we differ.
9.The problem is when the game began.
10.That’s how I come here.
同位语从句
1.He had the feeling that he could not see her again.
2.Where did you get the idea that I could not come?
3.The idea that one can do the work without thinking is wrong.
4.The government gave an order that all the houses should be pulled down in three weeks.
5.They made a suggestion that you should keep in touch with each other by email.
6.I have no idea when he will come back China again.
7.The question whether he can finish the work within two days remains unknown.
8.I don’t understand the problem why this is the best choice.
9.The question who should do the work requires consideration.
10.We haven’t settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vocation.。