同位语从句
同位语从句
同位语从句一、同位语1.定义：同位语是句子成分的一种，它位于名词、代词后面，说明它们的性质和情况，它可以由名词、代词、数词、名词性短语或从句充当。
2.同位语的表现形式：1）名词、代词、数词等在句中作同位语。
I lived with my aunt Anna.(名词)He wants to buy a shirt, one that is not expensive but nice.。
（代词）She is the oldest among them six.(数词)2）名词短语、形容词短语、动名词短语、不定式短语作同位语。
Is this your purpose, to avoid being punished? (不定式短语)Professor Smith, a football fan, often watches football games on TV.(名词短语)3）同位语从句在句中作同位语He told me the news that the president had been murdered.(从句)二、同位语从句1.定义：在复合句中充当同位语的从句叫“同位语从句”。
它一般跟在某些抽象名词的后面，用于说明该名词表示的具体内容。
常见的这类名词有news, fact, idea, thought, promise, suggestion, order, 等。
2.引导词|：1）连词：that, whether2）连接副词：when/where/why/how /whenever/wherever/however3）连接代词：what/who/whom/whose/which/whatever/whoever/whomever/whosever/whichever三、同位语从句与定语从句的区别：1.先行词：同位语从句的先行词是抽象名词；定语从句的先行词是具体、抽象名词或代词。
2.3.引导词四、同位语从句常见句型：1）have no idea +同位语从句Sorry, I really have no idea where she lives.Have you any idea when she is leaving for Beijing?2）have an idea + that引导同位语从句I have an idea that she won’t leave me whatever happens.3）there is no need/ no doubt + that引导同位语从句There is no need that you worry about his safety, you see, he is a big boy now.There is no doubt that he is devoted to you.4）there is (great) doubt + 同位语从句There is great doubt who have stolen the car .5）Word came +that引导同位语从句(为了使句子结构更加平衡，抽象名词作主语而后面接有一个同位语从句时，往往把同位语从句后置。
同位语从句
同位语从句
同位语从句是用来进一步解释或说明名词、代词或数词的
句子。
它在句子中作为同位语，通常跟在名词、代词或数
词之后。
同位语从句一般由“从属连词+主语+谓语”组成。
例如：
1. 他的愿望是能够留在这个城市。
(同位语从句作名词的同
位语)
2. 我听说他是儿子上大学。
(同位语从句作名词的同位语)
3. 请告诉我你的名字。
(同位语从句作代词的同位语)
4. 所有的学生都希望他们的成绩能够更好。
(同位语从句作
数词的同位语)
同位语从句一般用于以下情况：
1. 解释或说明名词、代词或数词的具体内容。
2. 强调或加强某一名词、代词或数词的特定信息。
3. 在复杂的句子中充当主语或宾语。
4. 在宾语从句中进一步解释或说明宾语。
同位语从句
（5）同位语从句1．定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。
2．用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等，关联词多用从属连词that。
如：They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。
Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来？Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia. 德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。
注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导。
如：I have no idea whether he’ll come or not. 我不知道他是否来。
连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where, when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句。
The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。
We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。
It is a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。
解释：1．that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别that引导的同位语从句that引导的定语从句句法功能上that只起连接从句的作用，无意义。
在从句中不充当句子成分。
不可省。
that替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用，还充当一个句子成分。
同位语从句
同位语从句
实战演习: 1. His central idea is ____ the losers do not write history. A. X C. that exam. A. that B. this is C. it D. what’s B. because D. whether
2. I think ___ certain that she will do well in her
Grammar
Appositive 同位语
•P14 Part 2
• 1.同位语从句一般跟在某些名词后面， 如： news，idea，fact，promise， question，doubt，thought，hope， message，suggestion，word（消息）， possibility等用以说明或解释该名词的 具体内容。如： • I heard the news that our team had won． • 我听到了我们队获胜的消息。 • I had no idea that you were here． • 我不知道你在这里。
6. We’ve just heard a warning on the radio that _______ a hurricane is likely to come.
that 7. There is no doubt _____ he has told a lie. how 8. You have no idea ______ anxious I was! where 9. The coat is in the place _____ you left it.
5. I have no idea ___ he will start. A A. when B. that C. what D. / 6. I’ve come from the government with a B message ___ the meeting won’t be held tomorrow. A. if B. that C. whether D. which D 7. The thought ____ he might fail in the exam worried him. A. when B. which C. what D. that C 8. The order ___ the prisoner be set free arrived too late. A. which B. whether C. that D. what
(完整版)同位语从句
同位语从句1.什么是同位语从句？在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句，常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, wish,promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion等抽象名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。
换言之，同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系，对其内容作进一步说明。
例：The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。
析：they had won the game说明The news的全部内容，因此该句为同位语从句。
2.引导词有哪些？怎么用？同位语从句一般用that, whether，what, which, who, when, where, why, how等词引导。
补充：when，where和why引导的定语从句和同位语从句之区别：when,where和why作关系副词引导定语从句时，有跟它们含义相应的先行词，且先行词在从句中充当一定成分。
当when,where和why作连接副词引导同位语从句时，则没有与它们含义相应的先行词。
所以，只要看先行词就可以判定了，若先行词和引导词关系密切，就是定从；只是修饰关系，就是同位语从句。
试比较：I'll never forget the day when(=on which)we met for the first time.(定语从句)I have no idea when we met for the first time(同位语从句)The office where(=in which)you work is here.(定语从句)Then arose the question where we were to get so much money.(同位语从句)The reason why(=for which)he did not come is quite clear.(定语从句)Xiao Wang has solved the problem why the TV was out of order.(同位语从句)以上例句中when,where和why作关系副词引导定语从句时，可以改为“介词+关系代词which”来引导；而引导同位语从句的when,where和why就不能这样改。
同位语从句
同位语从句一、定义：在句中充当同位语的名词性从句叫同位语从句。
二、用法：同位语从句常常用于一个抽象名词之后(如：fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等)，对这个名词的具体所指或具体内容进行说明。
三、构成：从属连词+陈述句四、引导同位语从句的从属连词分为四类(引导同位语从句的从属连词与引导主语从句的从属连词基本相同)：1. 从属连词that, that没实义，也不在从句中充当任何句子成分，但不可省略。
如：The news that Jim has passed the exam is so exciting. Jim通过考试的消息令人如此兴奋。
Where did you get the idea that I could not come? 你在哪儿听说我不能来？2. 从属连词whether,不可用if，意为“是否”，只起连接作用，不充当从句的任何成分，但不可省略。
如：I have no idea whether he’ll come or not.我不知道他是否会来。
3. 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which等，有各自的实际词义，既起引导从句、连接主从句的作用，又在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语,当不能省略。
The question who should do the work requires consideration. 谁该干这项工作,这个问题需要考虑。
4. 连接副词where, when, why, how等，有各自的实际词义，既起引导从句、连接主从句的作用，又在从句中充当表语或状语，当然也不能省略。
We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没决定。
什么是同位语从句
什么是同位语从句？同位语从句（Appositive Clause）是一个从句，用来进一步解释、说明或补充主句中的名词或名词短语。
同位语从句通常紧跟在被解释的名词或名词短语后面，用来对其进行进一步的说明或解释。
同位语从句通常由连词that引导，但在口语中通常可以省略。
同位语从句与主句的关系是同位关系，它们共同指代或解释同一个名词。
下面是同位语从句的一些常见用法：1. 解释或说明：同位语从句可以用来解释或说明主句中的名词或名词短语的含义或特点。
- The fact that she passed the exam surprised everyone.（同位语从句解释名词）- His belief that hard work pays off is inspiring.（同位语从句解释名词短语）2. 补充信息：同位语从句可以用来补充主句中的名词或名词短语的信息，进一步丰富其含义。
- The news that they are getting married spread quickly.（同位语从句补充名词）- Her statement that she would resign shocked everyone.（同位语从句补充名词短语）3. 引用或引述：同位语从句可以用来引用或引述他人的话语或观点。
- He made it clear that he would not tolerate any more delays.（同位语从句引用他人的话语）- The professor's claim that dolphins are highly intelligent creatures sparked a heated debate.（同位语从句引用他人的观点）同位语从句与主句之间是一种同位关系，用来进一步解释、说明或补充主句中的名词或名词短语。
在使用同位语从句时，我们需要注意连词的选择，通常使用that来引导同位语从句。
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同位语从句
1.什么是同位语从句？
在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句，常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, wish,promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion等抽象名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。
换言之，同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系，对其内容作进一步说明。
例：The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.
他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。
析：they had won the game说明The news的全部内容，因此该句为同位语从句。
2.引导词有哪些？怎么用？
同位语从句一般用that, whether，what, which, who, when, where, why, how等词引导。
补充：
when，where和why引导的定语从句和同位语从句之区别：
when,where和why作关系副词引导定语从句时，有跟它们含义相应的先行词，且先行词在从句中充当一定成分。
当when,where和why作连接副词引导同位语从句时，则没有与它
们含义相应的先行词。
所以，只要看先行词就可以判定了，若先行词和引导词关系密切，就是定从；只是修饰关系，就是同位语从句。
试比较：
I'll never forget the day when(=on which)we met for the first time.(定语从句)
I have no idea when we met for the first time(同位语从句)
The office where(=in which)you work is here.(定语从句)
Then arose the question where we were to get so much money.(同位语从句)
The reason why(=for which)he did not come is quite clear.(定语从句)
Xiao Wang has solved the problem why the TV was out of order.(同位语从句)
以上例句中when,where和why作关系副词引导定语从句时，可以改为“介词+关系代词which”来引导；而引导同位语从句的when,where和why就不能这样改。
由此可知，why引导的若是同位语从句，先行词就不会是reason或其同义词；若是reason 或其同义词作先行词，就一定是定语从句。
所以，只要看先行词就可以判定了。
同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order等有一定内涵的名词；而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词，主句的一部分或是整个主句。
如:
The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed. （同位语从句）
We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting.（同位语从句）
Word came that he had been abroad.（同位语从句）
Our team has won the game, which made us very happy.（定语从句）
The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room.（定语从句）
His mother did all she could to help him with his study.（定语从句,代词all作先行词）
2. 从性质上区别
定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴。
如:
The news that our team has won the game was true.（同位语从句,补充说明news到底是一个什么消息.）
The news that he told me yesterday was true.（定语从句,news在从句中作told的宾语）
I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich. （同位语从句,补充说
明promise到底是一个什么诺言.）
The mother made a promise that pleased all her children. （定语从句,promise在从句中作pleased的主语.）
3. 从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别
有些引导词如how, whether, what可以引导同位语从句,但不能引导定语从句.如:
That question whether we need it has not been considered. （同位语从句）
I have no idea what has happened to him. （同位语从句）
引导词that引导定语从句时,在从句中一般作主语或宾语（指物时还可以用which代替）,并且作宾语时常常省略。
that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用,不充当任何成分,并且不能省略,也不能用which来代替。
如:
The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday. （同位语从句,是对order的具体解释,that虽不作成分,但不能省略。
）
The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups. （定语从句,是名词order的修饰语,that在从句中作received的宾语,可以省略。
）
补充：
当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后置。
如：The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.。