同位语从句详细讲解

bike.
注意啦！！!
除 that外， 其余连词在从句中都具 有各自的意义或成分。if 不可以引导 同位语从句。
同位语从句与定语从句区别:
大家注意 啦！！！
（1 ） 定语从句是从句对其先行词或 前面整个句子的修饰或限制,属于形容
词性从句的范畴;
而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名
词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性
（3）当when ,where ,why和how引导同位语从句时为 连接副词，虽在句中充当成分，但前面没有与其意义 相当的先行词。而在定语从句中它们为关系副词，在 其前面分别有表示时间、地点、原因及方式意义的先 行词。例如：
• He will never forget the days when he lived with his grandparents. 定语从句 • 他永远不会忘记和祖父母一起生活的日子 • He has no idea when the meeting will be held.
昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。 (定语从句限制或修饰news, 说明到底是哪个
news.)
(2)从引导词来看
引导词that在同位语从句中是连词，只起连 接作用，无具体词义，that不可省略；that在 定语从句中是关系代词，除了起连接作用，它 在从句中充当一定成分——主语或宾语，作宾 语时还可以省略。
Let’s have a try at once
• They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.
同位语从句：they would come to visit China 对hope 进行具体的说明。
• The hope ( that ) she expressed is that they would come to visit China again.
从句的范畴，如:
辨 The news that our team has won the 析： game was true.
我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。 (同位语从句, 补充说明news到底是一个什么消 息)
The news that he told me yesterday was true.
(5)同位语从句的简易判断方法 同位语从句与其先行词在逻辑上是“主语 +be+表语” 的同位语关系。所以，可以在名词和从句之间加 系动词be，使之构成一个新句子，如果合乎逻辑， 句子通顺，则原句为同位语从句；定语从句是不 能够用系表结构把先行词与从句连接起来的。 The news that we’ll go on a picnic this Sunday isn’t true.这个星期天我们要去野餐的消息不是真的。 The news is that we’ll go on a picnic this Sunday. The news that you’ve heard isn’t true. 你听到的这个消息不是真的。 The news is that you’ve heard.
that she works hard is 3. The fact ____
well known to us all. 4. Luckily, we'd brought a road map which we would have lost our without ____ way. 5 Do you have any idea what ___ is actually going on in the classroom?
当两个指同一事物的句子成分放在同等的位置时，一个句子成分 可被用来说明或解释另一个句子成分，前者叫做后者的同位语。 作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。同位语从句一般跟在某些名词 之后，用以说明或解释前面的名词的具体内容。
What kind of noun clauses are they?
1. What it was to become was a mystery.
• The factory (that) we visited yesterday is a chemical one.（factory在从句中作visited的宾 语,也就是说that 指代factory在从句中作宾语， 可以省略） • The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true. • （that 只起连接作用，不做成分，一般不可以 省略)
③The reason why he was late for school sounds unreasonable.
④He has solved the problem why the radio didn’t work 处填上适当的词，使下列定语从句和同位语
从句完整。
Grammar
Read the following sentences and pay attention to the underlined parts. 1 Their friend, Danny Lin, was waiting at the airport. 2 Mr.Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us. 3 He told me that his brother John was a worldfamous doctor. 4The news that they had won the basketball game soon spread the whole school
that 引导同位语从句
(1) The news that our team won the first prize excited all of us. 我们队得了第一名，这消息使我们都很兴奋。 (2) The fact that two thirds of all girls are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot. (3) Many British parents hold the view that teenagers shouldn’t spend too much time online.
同位语从句
• 他不知道会议将何时举行
（4）同位语从句的先行词极为有限，多为抽
象名词，如
fact, idea, reason, thought, order, doubt,
news, hope, truth, belief , suggestion, advice, view, promise, request, proposal提议/建议, demand, question…
名 词 性 从 句
主语从句
2. I don’t know who will help Henry to win the bet. 宾语从句
3. His trouble is that he doesn’t know anybody in London. 表语从句
4. The fact that ships can go there surprises many people. 同位语从句
Find out the appositive clause from the reading text.
• The thought that they could cross the whole continent was exciting. • Some people have the idea that you can cross Canada in less than five days ,but they forget the fact that Canada is 5500 kilometres from coast to coast. • The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.
如果同位语从句意义完整应用that引导同位语 从句， that 在从句中不充当任何成分，无任何 具体意思，一般不省略。
1. I have no idea when he will come back. 2.The question who should go abroad required consideration. 3. He often asked me the question whether the work was worth doing. 4.I have no impression how he went home , perhaps by
1. The news that ___ our class had won the football match was very exciting. 2. This is the mountain village where ____ I stayed last year. whom you spoke is a 3. The person to ______ famous actor.
定语从句： hope 充当express的宾语。
II. 判断下列哪些含有同位语从句， 哪些含有定语从句。 ① The news that we had successfully sent up another communication satellite spread throughout the world. 同 ② That’s the best piece of news I’ve heard. 定