John Dos Passos
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--Jane
Outline
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Brief introduction
Early life
In World War I
Literary works
A brief introduction
• John Dos Passos was a radical American novelist and artist active in the first half of the twentieth century.
Three Soldiers
• It is one of the key American war novels of the First World War, and remains a classic of the realist war novel genre. • It tells us the experienes of three American doughboys - an Italian American, an Indiana farm boy, and a Harvard graduate--who become disillusioned( 醒悟的；幻想破灭的)in different ways. • In the anti-war novel, Dos Passos introduces his satirical voice as he documents the dehumanizing(失掉人性的) effects of militarization(军国主义).
Nineteen Nineteen 《一九一九年》
• With 1919, the second volume of his U.S.A. trilogy, John Dos Passos continues his "vigorous and sweeping panorama of twentieth-century America".
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The Big Money 《赚大钱》
• The Big Money completes John Dos Passos's three-volume "fable of America's materialistic success and moral decline". • Here we come back to America after the war and find a nation on the upswing. Industrialism booms. The stock market surges. Lindbergh takes his solo flight. Henry Ford makes automobiles. From New York to Hollywood, love affairs to business deals, it is a country taking the turns too fast, speeding toward the crash of 1929.
• As their lives cross and double back again, this novel briefly biographies some important historical figures, such as Eugene Debs, Thomas Edison, and Andrew Carnegie.
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Born: January 14, 1896
Chicago, Illinois.
Father: A distinguished lawyer.
The younger Dos Passos received a first-class education In 1912 he attended Harvard University
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U.S.A. trilogy
• The trilogy covers the historical development of American society during the first three decades of the 20th century. • In 1998, the Modern Library ranked U.S.A. Trilogy on its list of the 100 best Englishlanguage novels of the 20th century. • U.S.A. (1938The 42nd Parallel (1930) Nineteen Nineteen (1932) The Big Money (1936)
Question
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• His major work is the celebrated U.S.A. trilogy, comprising: The 42nd Parallel (1930) Nineteen Nineteen (1932) The Big Money (1936)
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Thank you !
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The 42nd Parallel 《北纬四十二度》
• In the 42nd parallel, where we find a young country at the dawn of the twentieth century.
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• From their childhood to the eve of the World War I, the author described the five main characters vividly. Slowly, in stories artfully spliced together, the lives and fortunes of five characters unfold.
• During World War II, John Dos Passos worked as a journalist cov ering the war between 1942 and 1945.
Literary works
1920 1921 1925 1938
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One Man's Initiation: 1917 《一个人的开始》 Three Soldiers 《三个士兵》 Manhattan Transfer 《曼哈顿中转站》 U.S.A. trilogy《美国三部曲》 The 42nd Parallel (1930) 《北纬四十二度》 Nineteen Nineteen (1932) 《一九一九年》 The Big Money (1936) 《赚大钱》 1954 Most Likely to Succeed 《最有可能成功》 1958 The Great Days 《伟大的日子》 1961 Midcentury 《世纪中期》
• At war's end, he was stationed in Paris, where the U.S. Army Ov erseas Education Commission (美国陆军海外教育委员 会) allowed him to study anthropology (人类 学) at the Sorbonne(索邦神学院).
In World War I
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• With World War I raging in Europe, Dos Passos volunteered for the American Volunteer Motor Ambulance Corps(美国志愿者运 动救护队), worked as an ambulance driver in Paris, and in north-central Italy, later joined the U.S. Army Medical Corps.
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Writing features
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• Dos Passos used experimental techniques in these novels to paint a vast landscape of American culture during the first decades of the 20th century. • Though each novel stands on its own, the trilogy is designed to be read as a whole. Dos Passos' political and social reflections in the novel are deeply pessimistic about the political and economic direction of the United States, and few of the characters manage to hold onto their ideals through the First World War.
• 1919 opens to find America and the world at war. We follow the daughter of a Chicago minister, a wide-eyed Texas girl, a young poet, a radical Jew, a sailor and we glimpse Woodrow Wilson, Theodore Roosevelt, and the Unknown Soldier.
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• During World War I he joined the U.S. Army Medical Corps(美国陆军医疗团). • He is best known for his critically praised U.S.A. trilogy 《美国三部曲》.
世界100位大文豪排行榜
世界100位大文豪排行榜1. 威廉·莎士比亚（William Shakespeare）。
2. 米格尔·德·塞万提斯（Miguel de Cervantes）。
3. 弗朗茨·卡夫卡（Franz Kafka）。
4. 弗朗西斯·培根（Francis Bacon）。
5. 乔治·奥威尔（George Orwell）。
6. 陀思妥耶夫斯基（Fyodor Dostoevsky）。
7. 简·奥斯汀（Jane Austen）。
8. 马克·吐温（Mark Twain）。
9. 查尔斯·狄更斯（Charles Dickens）。
10. 弗里德里希·尼采（Friedrich Nietzsche）。
11. 奥斯卡·王尔德（Oscar Wilde）。
12. 福楼拜（Victor Hugo）。
13. 埃米莉·勃朗特（Emily Bronte）。
14. 托尔斯泰（Leo Tolstoy）。
15. 奥古斯特·斯特林伯格（August Strindberg）。
16. 纳撒尼尔·霍桑（Nathaniel Hawthorne）。
17. 路易斯·卡罗尔（Lewis Carroll）。
18. 威廉·福克纳（William Faulkner）。
19. 哈尔德·斯塔克·维克（Halldór Laxness）。
20. 弗拉基米尔·纳博科夫（Vladimir Nabokov）。
21. 纪德（J.D. Salinger）。
22. 约翰·斯坦贝克（John Steinbeck）。
23. 弗朗茨·冯·克拉克（Franz von Dingelstedt）。
24. 约瑟夫·康拉德（Joseph Conrad）。
25. 詹姆斯·乔伊斯（James Joyce）。
《全新版大学英语阅读教程4(高级本)》课文翻译
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 《全新版大学英语阅读教程4(高级本)》课文翻译《全新版大学英语阅读教程 4（高级本）》 ------普通高等教育“十五”国家级规划教材译文（部分） 1.The Campers at Kitty Hawk 在这篇文章中，John Dos Passos 运用散文和诗歌两种文学形式，讲述了莱特兄弟制造的世界上第一架飞机，这是人类历史上最重要的里程碑之一。
他还描述了杰出的莱特兄弟的生活，他们去 kitty Hawk 不是为了野营，而是去完成一个听起来不可能的事情。
1903 年 12 月 17 日,住在俄亥俄州代顿市霍桑街一幢木头房子里的兄弟联合会主教、曾任《宗教嘹望》报编辑的莱特先生收到了他的儿子威尔伯和奥维尔发来的电报。
他们两个突发奇想, 去北卡罗来纳州海岸沙丘上的一个小宿营地度假 ,给自己匆忙赶制的滑翔机做一些修补。
电文：周四早成功四次飞行，在 21mile/hour 从水平面起飞，仅靠引擎力量启动，平均 31mile/hour 最长 57 秒。
数字有点出入，因为电报员误读了奥维夫的潦字。
但事实并没改变，来自 dayton，俄亥俄州的两个单车修理工设计，建造，并试飞了一架真正的飞机。
电机预热几分钟后，我松了拉住飞机在跑道的绳，飞机迎风冲去。
韦伯扶着机翼跑以保持机身的平衡，以免跑出跑道。
不像 14 号那天，今天电机平静的向前稳行，直面 27M/H 的风。
1/ 6韦伯一直扶着它直到它跑了 40 英尺后起飞。
一个救命的摄影师拍下了它离地两英尺的一幕。
它当时刚飞到跑道尾部，飞行过程上下摇摆既不稳定，归因于空气的不平稳和驾驭经验的不足。
一个猛扎结束了它 120 英尺的飞行旅程。
约翰.多斯.帕索斯简介
Following his graduation in 1916 he traveled to Spain to study art and architecture. With World War I raging in Europe and America not yet participating, Dos Passos volunteered in July 1917 for the S.S.U. 60 of the Norton-Harjes Ambulance Corps, along with friends e. e. cummings and Robert Hillyer. He worked as a driver in Paris, France and in north-central Italy
Postwar Life
At war's end, he was stationed in Paris, where the U.S. Army Overseas Education Commission allowed him to study anthropology at the Sorbonne. A character in U.S.A. trilogy goes through virtually the same military career and stays in Paris after the war.
Literary career
Considered one of the Lost Generation writers, Dos Passos published his first novel in 1920, One Man's Initiation: 1917. It was followed by an antiwar story, Three Soldiers, which brought him considerable recognition.
英国文学下册(诗歌)
Amy Lowell (No great achievements )1.Leading advocate for Image2.Majory works: John Keats约翰济慈传(研究济慈的经典著作之一) A Dome of Many Glass 彩色玻璃大厦Sword Blades and Poppy Seed剑刃与罂粟花籽Men, Women and Ghosts 男人、女人和幽灵Pictures of the Floating World浮世图Legends传奇Robert Frost1.4 times (Pulitzer Prize for Poetry)2. American national poet3. American unofficial laureate Poet4.新英格兰诗人5.首先在英国赢得诗誉6.旧瓶装新酒Famous Poems：North of Boston波士顿以北The Road Not Taken未选择的路Mending Wall修墙Fire and Ice火与冰Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening雪夜林畔小驻（most famous）The Gift Outright全心全意的奉献（出席肯尼迪就职典礼时）Sherwood Anderson1.Major works: Winesburg, Ohio小镇畸人（the most famous）(half individual tales, half long novel form)(characterized by a casual development, complexity of motivation, and an interest in psychological process.)(an important work of experimental fiction set in a small-town environment.)Windy McPherson’s Son饶舌的迈克逊的儿子（it is the first work but not successful）(containing the psychological themes of inner lives of Midwestern villages, the pursuit of success and disillusionment.)(characterized by a casual development, complexity of motivation, and an interest in psychological process)The Triumph of egg and Other Stories鸡蛋的胜利及其他Death in the Woods and Other Stories林中之死及其他A Story-Teller’s Story讲故事人的故事(autobiographical)Marching Men2.In 1921 Anderson received the first Dial Award for his contribution to American literature.3.many subsequent writers, such as Hemingway and Faulkner, were influenced by his style.4.威廉·福克纳指出，Anderson是他们那一代美国作家之父，体现着美国创作的传统。
海明威
海明威出生于奥克帕克，他在瓦隆湖接受了洗礼仪式。
海明威的童年时光大多在瓦隆湖的农舍中度过，小时候喜欢读图画书和动物漫画，听各类型的故事。
喜欢模仿不同的人物，对缝纫等家事亦很感兴趣。
海明威的母亲希望自己的儿子能在音乐上有所发展，但海明威却承袭了父亲的兴趣，如打猎、钓鱼、在森林和湖泊中露营等。
因此从小在瓦隆湖的农舍中度过的海明威，很热爱大自然。
[7]1913年到1917年间，接受高中教育的海明威，学业、体育上成绩优越，在英语方面天赋突出。
在初中时，为两个文学报社撰写文章的他有了首次的写作经验。
升上高中后，他更成为了学报的编辑。
有时他会使用“Ring Lardner Jr.”这笔名写作，以纪念他心目中的文学英雄拉德纳（Ring Lardner）。
高中毕业之后，拒绝入读大学的海明威，以18岁之龄到了在美国举足轻重的《堪城星报》（Kansas City Star）当记者，正式开始了他的写作生涯。
在《堪城星报》工作了6个月的过程中，海明威受到了良好的训练。
第一次世界大战第一次世界大战时的海明威后来，海明威不顾父亲的反对，辞掉了记者一职，尝试加入美国军事以观察第一次世界大战的战斗情况。
“当我参加上一次的大战时，我是一个可怕的笨蛋，”海明威于1942年说，“我记得我只是认为我们是主队，而奥国是客队。
”海明威是条典型的美国硬汉，英国萨塞克斯大学的奋德教授曾说：“他身材结实、宽肩膀、头形端正、有深棕色的头发和小胡子。
”本来，海明威的身材这么好，应能入伍，但却由于他的视力有缺陷而导致身体检查不及格，后来只被调到红十字会救伤队。
前往意大利前线途中，他在德国炮火轰炸之下的巴黎逗留。
他并没有在安全的旅馆停留下来，反而尽量接近战场。
海明威很兴奋，形容自己当时“好像是被派赴一个特别的任务来写这一年最伟大的故事”。
他与朋友泰德·布鲁姆贝克租了一辆出租车，希望能看到一两个新弹坑。
泰德写道：“我们一听到炮弹爆炸，我们的车子就尽快驱往爆炸声的地方去……但是我们一离开那儿又听到市内远处另一声爆炸。
John_Dos_Passos
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The 42nd Parallel
《北纬rallel
《北纬四十二度》
• Unique for its epic scale and panoramic (全景的) social sweep, the trilogy U.S.A. creates an unforgettable collective portrait of modern America.
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Writing features
C. Camera Eye (摄影机眼) — recording the responses and reflections of the character or the author in stream-ofconsciousness manner; — indicating the position of the observer
Literary works
1920 1921 1925 1938
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One Man's Initiation: 1917 《一个人的开始》 Three Soldiers 《三个士兵》 Manhattan Transfer 《曼哈顿中转站》 U.S.A. trilogy《美国三部曲》 The 42nd Parallel (1930) 《北纬四十二度》 Nineteen Nineteen (1932) 《一九一九年》 The Big Money (1936) 《赚大钱》 1954 Most Likely to Succeed 《最有可能成功》 1958 The Great Days 《伟大的日子》 1961 Midcentury 《世纪中期》
Nineteen Nineteen 《一九一九年》
• With 1919, the second volume of his U.S.A. trilogy, John Dos Passos continues his "vigorous and sweeping panorama of twentieth-century America". • 1919 opens to find America and the world at war. We follow the daughter of a Chicago minister, a wide-eyed Texas girl, a young poet, a radical Jew, a sailor and we glimpse Woodrow Wilson, Theodore Roosevelt, and the Unknown Soldier.
英美文学作家作品及名词解释、人物分析
英美文学作家作品及名词解释、人物分析Literary works and their authorsAmerican LiteratureColonial Period1.William BradfordOf Plymouth Plantation2.John WinthropA Model of Christian Charity3.Anne BradstreetThe Tenth Muse Lately sprung up in America“Upon the Burning of Our House”“To My Dear and Loving Husband”“The Flesh and the Spirit”4.Edward Taylor“Upon a Spider Catching a Fly”Huswifery5.Roger WilliamsThe Bloody Tenet of Persecution for the Cause of Conscience 6.John Woolman“Some Considerations on the Keeping of Negroes”“A Plea for the Poor”7.Thomas PaineCommon SenseAmerican CrisisThe Age of ReasonThe Rights of Man8.Philip Freneau“The Rising Glory of America”“The Wild Honey Suckle”9.Captain John SmithA Map of VirginiaDescription of New England10.Charles Brocken BrownWielandThe Transformation: An American TaleEdgar HuntlyOrmondArthur MervynAmerican Revolution1.Jonathan EdwardsThe Freedom of the WillThe Great Doctrine of Original Sin DefendedSinners in the Hands of an Angry GodThe Nature of True VirtueImages or Shadows of Divine Things2.Benjamin FranklinPoor Richard’s Almanac(2009年)The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin (2007年)3.Hector St. John CrevecoeurLetters from an American FarmerAmerican Romanticism1.Washington IrvingA History of New YorkThe Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon: Rip Van WinkleThe Legend of Sleepy Hollow The History of the Life and Voyages of Christopher ColumbusA Chronicle of the Conquest of GranadaThe AlhambraLife of GoldsmithLife of Washington2.James Fenimore CooperThe SpyLeatherstocking Tales: DeerslayerPathfinderThe Last of Mohicans (2003年)The PrairieThe PioneersNew England Transcendentalism3.Ralph Waldo EmersonNatureThe American Scholar(America’s Declaration of Intellectual Independence) Self-reliant (2009年)4.Henry David ThoreauWaldenCivil DisobedienceA Week on the Concord and Merrimack River (2008年)5.Nathaniel HawthorneThe Scarlet LetterTwice-told TalesMosses From an old ManseThe Blithedale RomanceYoung Good Man BrownThe Minister’s Black VeilThe House of Seven GablesThe Marble FaunDr. Rappaccini’s Daughter6.Herman MelvilleTypeeOmooMardiRedburnWhite JacketMoby DickPierreThe Confidence ManBilly Budd7.Edgar Allen PoeSonnet- to scienceIsrafelTo HelenThe City in the SeaThe Raven (2009年)The Fall of the House of UsherBlack CatThe Masque of the Red DeathThe Cask of Ammtillado FoeLigeieThe Purloined LetterThe Gold BudThe Murders in the Rue MorqueTales of the Grotesque and Arabesque 8.Harriet Beecher StoweUncle T om’s Cabin9.Henry Wadsworth LongfellowA Psalm of Life (2007年)Voices of the NightHiawathaEvangelineThe Courtship of Miles Standish10.Walt WhitmanLeaves of GrassSong of Myself (2003年出现诗句)I Hear America SingingOut of Cradle Endlessly RockingWhen Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom’d 11.Emily DickinsonAt last to pray is leftBecause I could not stop for deathI heard a fly buss—when I diedWild nights—wild nightsI die for beauty ———————————————————————————————————————————Realism1.William Dean HowellsThe Rise of Silas LaphanCriticism and FictionThe Minister’s ChargeA Modern InstanceA Word of ChangeAnnie KilburnA Hazard of New Fortunes2.Henry JamesDaisy MillerThe Portrait of a LadyThe AmericanThe Ambassadors (2004年)The Golden BowlThe Wings of the DoveThe Turn of the ScrewWhat Maisie KnewLocal Colourism3.Mark TwainThe Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County The Gilded AgeThe Adventures of Tom SawyerThe Adventures of Huckleberry FinnLife on the MississippiThe Man That Corrupted HadleyburgHead WilsonThe Mysterious StrangerA Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court The Prince and the PauperAmerican Naturalism1.Stephen CraneMaggie: A Girl of the StreetsThe Black RidersThe Red Badge of Courage“The Open Boat”“The Blue Hotel”“An Experiment in Misery”2.Frank NorrisMcTeagueThe OctopusThe Pit3.Theodore DreiserSister CarrieAn American TragedyThe GeniusJennie GerhardtThe FinancierThe TitanThe StoicThe Bulwark4.Jack LondonThe Call of the WildWhite FangThe Sea WolfMartin Eden5.O’HenryThe Gift of MagiThe Cop and the Anthem6.Upton SinclairThe JungleModernism1. F. Scott FitzgeraldThe Great GatsbyTender is the NightThe Beautiful and the DamnedThis Side of ParadiseThe Last TycoonAll the Sad Young MenTaps at Reveille2.Ernest HemingwayThe Sun Also Rises (2003年、2004年)A Farewell to Arms (2007年)For Whom the Bell Tolls (2008年、2009年) The Old Man and the SeaThe T orrents of SpringIn Our TimeMen without WomenWinner Take NothingImagism3.Ezra PoundCantosHugh Selwyn Mauberly4.T. S. EliotThe Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock (2003年出现诗句) The Waste Land (2005年)Hollow ManAsh WednesdayFour QuartersMurder in the CathedralThe Cocktail PartyThe Confidential Clerk5.Wallace StevensAnecdote of the Jar (2010年)Sunday MorningThe Emperor of Ice-creamThe Idea of Order at Key West6.William Carlos WilliamsPatersonThe Red WheelbarrowSpring and All7.Robert FrostStopping by Woods on a Sunday Evening Mending WallThe Road Not TakenFire and Ice8.Carl SandburgChicagoFogThe HarbourSmoke and SteelGood Morning, AmericaThe People, yes9. E. E. CummingsTulips and ChimneyThe Enormous RoomO Sweet Spontaneous10.Hart CraneThe BridgeVoyagesAt Melville’s Tomb11.Edith WhartonThe House of Mirth (2013年), The Touchstone, The Age of InnocenceSouthern Renaissance12.William FaulknerThe Sound and the Fury (2013年)As I Lay Dying (2005年、2006年)Light in August (2008年)Absalom, AbsalomGo Down, Moses (2007年)13.Sherwood AndersonWinesburg, OhioThe Triumph of the EggsDeath in the WoodsI Want to Know WhyPoor White14.Sinclair LewisMain StreetBabbittArrowsmithDodsworth15.Gertrude SteinThree LivesTender ButtonsThe Making of AmericansHow to WriteFour Saints in Three Acts16.Carson McCullers (Southern Gothic)The Heart is a Lonely HunterThe Ballad of the Sad CafeThe Member of the WeddingReflections in a Golden Eye17.Cormac McCarthy (Southern Gothic)SuttreeBlood MeridianAll the Pretty HorsesNo Country for Old ManThe RoadChild of God18.Willa CatherMy AntoniaThe Song of LarkA Lost LadyThe Professor’s HouseO Pioneers! (2002年、2010年) 19.Katherine Anne Porter Ship of FoolsLeaning Tower and Other Stories Flowering JudasThe Jilting of Granny Weatherall Pale Horse, Pale RiderThe Never Ending Wrong20.Thomas WolfeLook Homeward, AngelOf Time and RiverThe Web and the RockYou Can’t Go Home Again 21.Margaret MitchellGone with the WindThe 1930s1.John Dos PassosDistrict of ColumbiaU. S. A.The 42nd Parallel1919The Big Money2.John SteinbeckOf Mice and ManThe Grapes of WrathCup of GoldTortilla FlatIn Dubious BattleTravels with Charley3.John O’HaraAppointment in Samara4.James T. FarrellYoung LoniganThe Young Manhood of Studs Lonigan Postmodernism Postwar novel1.Saul BellowDangling ManThe VictimThe Adventures of Augie MarchSeize the DayHenderson the Rain King (2006年)Herzog (2013年)Mosby’s MemoirsMr. Sammler’s PlanetHumboldt’s GiftThe Dean’s Dece mberMore Die of HeartbreakThe Bellarosa ConnectionA TheftSomething to Remember Me ByThe Last Analysis2.Norman MailerThe Naked and the Dead (2004年)Barbary ShoreThe Deer ParkThe Armies of the NightMarilyn: A Novel BiographyThe Executioner’s SongAncient EveningTough Guys Don’t DanceHarlot’s GhostThe Gospel According to the SonAdvertisements for MyselfAn American DreamWhy Are We In Vietnam?Miami and the Siege of ChicagoExistential ErrandsGenius and Lust“The White Negro”3.J. D. SalingerThe Catcher in the Rye4.Bernard MalamudThe NaturalThe AssistantA New LifeThe FixerThe TenantsPictures of FidelmanDubin’s LivesGod’s GraceThe PeopleThe Magic BarrelIdiots FirstRembrandt’s Hat5.John UpdikeThe CentaurCouplesMarry MeGertrude & Claudius“Rabbit” pentalogy: Rabbit, Run, (2006年) Rabbit Redux, Rabbit is Rich, Rabbit at Best, Licks of Love 6.Flannery O’Connor Wise BloodA Good Man Is Hard to FindThe Violent Bear Is AwayEverything That Rises Must Converge7.William StyronLie Down in DarknessSet This House on FireThe confessions of Nat TurnerSophie’s ChoiceA Tidewater MorningThe Long MarchIn the Clap Shack8.Truman CapoteOther Voices, Other RoomsThe Grass HarpA Christmas MemoryBreakfast at Tiffany’sIn Cold Blood9.Philip RothGoodbye, Columbus, and Five Short Stories Portnoy’s C omplaint10.Joseph HellerCatch-22 (2005年)Something Happened11.Kurt V onnegutSlaughterhouse-Five (2008年)Player PianoMother NightCat’s CradleBreakfast at ChampionsSlapstickJailbirdDeadeye dickGalapagosBluebirdHocus PocusCanary in a CathouseWelcome to the Monkey House12.Ken KeseyOne Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest Sometimes a Great NationDemon BoxSailor Song13.John BarthLetters: A NovelSabbatical: A RomanceThe Tidewater TalesThe Last Voyage of Somebody the Sailor The Sot-Weed FactorLost in the FunhouseThe Floating OperaThe End of the RoadGiles Goat-Boy14.Donald BarthelmeCome Back, Dr. Caligarri Unspeakable PracticesUnnatural ActsCity DaysSadnessGuilty PleasuresAmateursGreat DaysOvernight to Many Distant CitiesSnow WhiteThe Dead FatherThe King15.Thomas PynchonV.The Crying of Lot 49Gravity’s RainbowVinelandMason & Dixon16.William GaddisRecognitionsCarpenter’s GothicJR17.Vladimir NabokovLolita (2004年)Dar, or the GiftPale Fire (2005年)18. A. S. ByattPossession(2013年、2010年)The Shadow of the SunThe Virgin in the GardenA Whistling WomanThe Children's BookStill LifeThe Shadow of the Sun19.Tim O’Brien (A war writer)The Things They CarriedIf I Die in a Combat Zone, Box Me Up and Ship Me Home Northern LightsGoing After CacciatoThe Nuclear AgeIn the Lake of WoodsJuly, JulyPostwar Poetry20.Elizabeth BishopQuestions of TravelGeography III“Sestina”“One Art”“Filling Station”“Over 2,000 Illustrations and a Complete Concordance”21.Richard WilburThe Beautiful Changes and Other PoemsCeremony and Other PoemsThings of This WorldAdvice to the Prophet and Other PoemsPrince Souvanna Phouma: An Exchange between Richard Wilbur and William Jay Smith ComplaintWalking to Sleep: New Poems and TranslationsSeed Leaves: Homage to R. F.22.John BerrymanThe Dream SongsThe DispossessedHomage to Mistress Bradstreet23.Randall JarrellBlood for a StrangerLittle Friend, Little FriendLossesThe Seven-League CrutchesThe Woman at the Washington Zoo The Lost WorldThe Confessional School24.Robert LowellLord Weary’s CastleLand of UnlikenessLife StudiesFor the Union DeadDay by Day25.Sylvia PlathA Winter ShipCrossing the WaterThe Bell Jar“Daddy”“Lady Lazarus”26.Anne SextonLive or DieTo Bedlam and Part Way BackAll My Pretty Ones TransformationsThe Death of NotebookThe Awful Rowing toward God The Beat Generation27.Allen GinsbergHowlEmpty MirrorReality SandwichesThe ChangePlanet NewsThe Fall of AmericaA Supermarket in California (2011年出现诗句)28.Gary SnyderAugust on Sourdough29.W. S. MerwinThe Asians DyingFor a Coming ExtinctionThe Last One30.Robert BlySilence in the Snow FieldsThe Night around the Body31.James WrightMinnesotaLying in a Hammock at William Duffy’s Farm on Pine Island The New York School32.Frank O’Hara“The Day Lady Died”33.John Ashbery“Self-Portrait in a Convex Mirror”34. A. R. AmmonsCorsons InletMountain TalkThe Black Mountain Poets35.Charles OlsonProjective VerseIn Cold Hell, in ThicketThe DistanceThe Maximus PoemsThree “beat” writers36.William BurroughsThe Naked LunchJunkieThe ExterminatorThe Wild BoysCities of the Red NightMind WarsPlace of Dead Roads37.Jack KerouacOn the RoadThe Lonesome TravellerThe Subterraneans and Maggie Cassady 38.Henry Miller Tropic of CancerBlack SpringTropic of CapricornThe Colossus of MaroussiThe Rosy CrucifixionPostwar Drama39.Eugene O’NeilThe Hairy Ape (2005年)Long Day’s Journey into NightDesire under the Elm Tree (2010年)The Iceman ComethBound East for CardiffBeyond the HorizonThe Emperor JonesAnna Christie40.Elmer RiceThe Adding Machine41.Tennessee WilliamsThe Glass MenagerieA Streetcar Named Desire42.Arthur MillerDeath of a SalesmanThe Man Who Had All Luck43.Edward AlbeeWho’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? Multiethnic LiteratureAfrican American Literature1.Frederick DouglassMy Bondage and My Freedom2.Booker T. WashingtonUp from Slavery3.W. E. B. DuboisThe Souls of Black Folks: Essays and Sketches Harlem Renaissance4.Jean ToomerCane5.Countee Cullen“Shroud of Colour”ColourCopper SunThe Ballad of the Brown Girl/doc/8e10677542.html,ngston HughesThe Weary BluesSimple Speaks His MindThe Best of SimpleSimple’s Uncle SamMontage of a Dream Deferred“The Negro Speaks of Rivers”“As I Grew Older”7.Richard WrightUncle T om’s Children: Four NovellasNative SonBlack Boy8.Ralph EllisonInvisible Man9.James BaldwinGo Tell It on the Mountain10.Alice WalkerThe Colour Purple (2010年)11.Toni MorrisonThe Bluest Eye (2011年)Beloved (2006年)Song of SolomonJazzParadiseAsian American Literature12.Maxine Hong KingstonThe Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Childhood among Ghosts China Men13.Amy TanThe Joy Luck ClubBritish LiteratureThe Middle Ages1.Geoffrey ChaucerThe Canterbury Tales (2005年)The House of FameTroilus and CriseydeThe Book of DuchessThe Parliament of FowlsPardoner’s Tale (2004年)2.William LanglandVision of Piers the Plowman________________________________________________________________ ___________________ The Elizabethan Age1.Thomas MoreUtopia2.Edmund SpenserThe Shepherd’s CalendarProthalamion and EpithalamionAmorettiThe Faerie Queene3.Philip SidneyAstrophel and StellaArcadiaApologie for Poetrie4.Christopher MarloweTamburlaine the GreatJew of MaltaThe Tragical History of Doctor FaustusHero and LeanderThe Passionate Shepherd5.William ShakespeareHenry IVLove’s Labour’s LostRichard IIIRomeo and JulietA Midsummer Night’s DreamThe Merchant of Venice (2009年)The Merry Wives of WindsorAs You Like It (2006年)Julius Caesar (2005年)HamletOthelloKing LearMacbethAntony and CleopatraTimon of AthensAll’s Well That Ends WellMeasure for MeasureCymbelineWin ter’s TaleThe Tempest6.Francis BaconAdvancement of LearningNew AtlantisEssays7.Ben JonsonEvery Man in His Humour________________________________________________________________ ___________________ The 17th Century1.John DonneThe FleaA Valediction: Forbidden MorningDeath be not ProudThe CanonizationBatter my heart, three-personed God, for you2.John MiltonParadise LostParadise Regained (2006年)Samson Agonistes (2002年)Lycidas3.John DrydenAll for LoveAbsalom and AchitophelAn Essay of Dramatic Poesy4.John BunyanThe Pilgrim’s ProgressThe Life and Death of Mr. BadmanHoly WarGrace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners________________________________________________________________ ___________________The Classic Age1.Alexander PopeEssay on Criticism (2004年)The Rape of the LockEssay on ManAn Epistle to Dr. ArbuthnotThe Dunciad2.Samuel JohnsonLondonThe Vanity of Human WishesLives of the PoetsA Fable for CriticsThe History of Rassledas, Prince of AbyssiniaTo the Right Honourable the Earl of ChesterfieldA Dictionary of English LanguageLife of the Poets3.Thomas GrayElegy Written in a Country Churchyard4.Oliver GoldsmithThe Deserted VillageShe Stoops to Conquer The Vicar of Wakefield5.Richard Brinsley Sheridan The RivalsThe School for Scandal6.Richard SteeleThe Spectator ClubThe Christian Hero7.Joseph Addison Adventures of a Shilling 8.Jonathan SwiftThe Battle of the Books Tale of a TubThe Irish Drapier’s Letters A Modest Proposal Gulliver’s Travels9.Daniel DefoeRobinson CrusoeMoll FlandersRoxana10.Samuel Richardson Pamela, Or Virtue Rewarded Clarissa Howe。
the-sad-young-men-课文和翻译
The Sad Young MenRod W. Horton and Herbert W。
Edwards1 No aspect of life in the Twenties has been more commented upon and sensationally romanticized than the so-called Revolt of the Younger Generation。
The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged and curious questionings by the young：memories of the deliciously illicit thrill of the first visit to a speakeasy, of the brave denunciation of Puritan morality，and of the fashionable experimentations in amour in the parked sedan on a country road；questions about the naughty，jazzy parties, the flask-toting ”sheik,” and the moral and stylistic vagaries of the "flapper” and the ”drug-store cowboy。
” "Were young people really so wild？" present-day students ask their parents and teachers。
”Was there really a Younger Generation problem？” The answers to such inquiries must of necessity be "yes" and "no”-—”Yes" because the business of growing up is always accompanied by a Younger Generation Problem；”no" because what s eemed so wild，irresponsible, and immoral in social behavior at the time can now be seen in perspective as being something considerably less sensational than the degenerauon of our jazzmad youth。
海明威与迷惘的一代
硬汉性格及《老人与海》
塑造精神不败的“硬汉形象”，为在痛苦 世界中迷惘的人们寻找出路，既是“迷惘 的一代”精神发展在海明威作品中的升华 ，也是海明威作品的又一基本主题。
“硬汉形象”是海明威在冰冷破碎、颠倒 混乱的世界中，在那些孤独苦闷、迷惘空 虚的西方精神流浪者面前，塑造出的既风 流倜傥又无所畏惧，言辞干净利索、行动 果敢有力的在重压和失败面前依然保持着 优雅风度的英雄形象。
思想内容：作品中的人物差不多全都是“ 迷惘的”，这些在肉体上和精神上均遭受 战争蹂躏、心灵麻木的人物形象是美国小 说中前所未有的。 小说塑造了精神飘零，失 落了灵魂家园的一群人。
海明威在酒吧狂饮
书名的寓意：
“一代过去，一代又来，地却永远长存。日头 出来，日头落下，急归所出之地。风往南刮 ，又往北转，不住地旋转，而且返回转行原 道。江河都往海里流，海却不满。江河从何 处流，仍归还何处。”
老人与海和鱼的关系具有某种象征意 义：世界就像一望无际的汪洋大海，充满 了惊涛骇浪和暗礁险滩。它是凶狠，野蛮 和深不可测的，是海明威那个现实社会的 典型象征。老人同鱼的较量成了一曲人类 同自然界、命运进行搏斗的壮丽颂歌，老 人的失败便转化为寓言意义上的胜利。
作品反映了海明威笔下“硬汉”的人生哲 学：人生的意义既不在于成功，也不在于 失败，而在于斗争，勇于同残酷的社会现 实和冷漠无情的命运进行抗争，这才是真 正的热爱生活，珍惜生命。见过世面，受 过重伤，历经坎坷，却又能对此泰然处之 、保持风度，老人表现了海明威所追求的 “重压下的优雅风度”。
在这场战争中，“我可没见到什么神圣的东 西，光荣的事物也没什么光荣，至于牺牲， 那就好比芝加哥的屠宰场，所不同的是把肉 拿来埋葬罢了。”
肯明斯(Edward Estlin Cummings， 1894—1962)
威廉·卡洛斯·威廉斯诗歌的形式创新
第25卷第4期宿州学院学报Vol .25,No.4 2010年4月Journa l of Suzhou U n iver sity A pr.2010do i :10.3969/j .issn.1673-2006.2010.04.026威廉卡洛斯威廉斯诗歌的形式创新孙桂林(合肥工业大学外国语学院,安徽合肥 230009)摘要:威廉卡洛斯威廉斯是20世纪美国现代派诗歌的发起人,战后美国诗坛的中心人物。
他认为诗歌形式应适应时代要求,与时俱进,并注重形式及技巧的实践、探索和创新,受到众多美国当代诗人的推崇。
威廉斯通过使用简朴、生动的语言文字,结合现代视觉艺术的流动性,发现现实生活中自然的音韵节奏,全面革新诗歌形式以赋予其时代特征与真实的美感。
关键词:威廉斯;词语;视觉艺术;节奏中图分类号:I 106.2 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1673-2006(2010)04-0074-04收稿日期作者简介孙桂林(),女,安徽合肥人,硕士,讲师,研究方向英美文学。
威廉卡洛斯威廉斯(1883-1963)在半个多世纪的时间里,利用行医之余创作了大量的诗歌和一部分散文、小说等作品。
威廉斯早期的诗作带有明显的浪漫主义色彩。
他曾说:“济慈是我的神,《恩底米翁》唤醒了我。
”[1]53他相继参加了庞德的意象派运动和朱可夫斯基(Louis Zukofsky)的客体主义实践,提倡接触生活,返朴归真,后受惠特曼启示,开启了诗歌民族化的新篇章。
威廉斯认为每个时代都有其独特的环境和经验,因此也应该有其独特的诗歌,而不断尝试新的诗歌试验是每个诗人的职责,他强调“惟有新的好(Nothing is good save the ne w)”[2]20,诗的意义不在于表现什么,而在于怎样去表现[2]170。
新的艺术形式要革新传统的语言、节奏,具有生动、流动、自然这些共性。
他反对艾略特崇尚传统、引经据典的做法,指责《荒原》的出版是一场“大灾难”[3]43。