2011年同等学力申硕学位英语统一考试词汇部分之一
同等学力学位英语历年真题高频词汇(最新整理9页)
ad.最后（地），上一次，最近一次vi.持续，维持matter n. 1.事情，问题 2.毛病，麻烦，困难3.物质，物品million num.百万，百万个n.(pl.)无数pollution n.污染public a. 1.公共的 2.公众的 3.公开的n.民众，公众revenge vt./n.报复，复仇rise vi. 1.上升，上涨 2.升起3.站起，起床4.增强5.起义n. 1.增加，升高 2.加薪 3.高地，高坡society n. 1.社会 2.协会，团体spend vt. 1.花费（钱、时间、心血等） 2.消磨，度过vi. 1.花费，浪费 2.耗尽stock n. 1.储备，贮存 2.存货，现货3.股票4.家畜，牲畜vt.储备，备货title n. 1.标题 2.头衔，称号volunteer n.自（志）愿者频率出现11次的单词culture n. 1.教养，修养 2.文化，文明emission n. 1.发射，散发 2.发出物，发射物function n. 1.功能，作用 2.职务，职责 3.〈数学〉函数vi. 1.（器官等）活动，（机器等）运行 2.行使职责importance n. 重要，重要性individual a. 1.单独的，个人的 2.独特的，个性的n.个人，个体；独立单位late a. 1.迟的，晚的 2.晚期的，末期的3.最近的，已故的ad.迟，晚level n. 1.水平面，水平线 2.等线，水平a.平的，水平的limit vt.限制，限定n.界限，限定，限度material n. 1.物质，材料，原料 2.素材，资料，题材a.物质的minute n. 1.分，分钟 2.一会儿，片刻3.(pl.)会议记录necessary a. 1.必要的，必需的 2.必然的n.(pl.)必需品nuclear a. 1.原子核的 2.核心的，中心的patient n.病人a.有耐心的，能忍耐的research vi./n研究，探讨travel vi. 1.旅行 2.行进，走 3.运行，传播n.旅行type n. 1.类型，式样2.印刷字体3.活字，铅字v.打字频率出现10次的单词applicant n.申请者cell n. 1.细胞 2.电池 3.单人牢房4.小房间common a. 1.普通的，寻常的 2.共有的，公共的crime n.罪，犯罪factor n. 1.因素，要素 2.〈数学〉因数，因子harmful a.有害的international a.国际的，世界性的least a.最小的，最少的ad.最少，最小，最不n.最小，最少line n. 1.线，（文章的）行2.电线，线路3.路线，航线vt.（使）排成行main a.主要的，最重要的n.（输送水或煤气的）总管道，干线manner n 1.方式，方法2.态度，举止3.（pl.）礼貌，规矩personal a. 1.个人的，私人的2.本人的3.身体的，容貌的pressure n. 1.压力，压强 2.强制，压迫prevent v.预防，防止researcher n.研究者，调查员scientific a.科学的serious a. 1.严重的 2.认真的，严肃的sheet n. 1.张，片，页2.被单频率出现9次的单词complete vt.完成，结束a. 1.完整的，全部的2.已完成的，结束的3.彻底的confidence n. 1.信任2.信心，自信，把握current a. 1.通用的2.现时的，当前的n. 1.水流，气流2.电流 3.趋势，倾向drop n. 1.点滴，滴2.下降3.微量vt./vi. 1.滴下2.投下，落下，跌落effort n.努力，尝试environment n.环境，周围状况estimate vt.估计，评价，判断n.估计，估价；（用复数）预算expect vt. 1.期待，预期，盼望 2.认为；料想general a. 1.全体的，普遍的2.综合的，普通的3.通用的n.将军government n. 1.管理，支配 2.政府，内阁investment n.投资，投资额lead n.铅v. 1.领导，引导2.为…带路；指引3.导致；通向n. 领导，领先limited a.小的，有限的remain vi. 1.停留，留下 2.保持，依然save v. 1.拯救 2.储蓄 3.节省sell vt. 1.卖，出售 2.出卖，背叛vi.卖，销售set vt. 1.放置2.使处于某种状态（位置）3.调校4.树立，规定vi. 1.（日、月等）落下 2.凝结，固定3.着手，从事n. （一）套a.固定的，规定的traffic n.交通（量）video n.录像（机）a.录像的，视频的频率出现8次的单词capable a.（指人）有能力的，有本领，能干的certain a. 1.（只作表语）肯定的，无疑的 2.必然的3.（只作定语）某一，某些continue vi.连续，继续decade n.十年effect n.结果，效果，作用vt. 产生，招致，完成fuel n. 燃料，养料vt./vi. 供给燃料，加燃料；刺激；推动imply vt. 意指，含…的意思involve vt. 1.使卷入，使参与 2.包含，包括 3.牵涉likely a.很可能的，有希望的ad. 可能地living a. 活着的，现存的n. 生计，生活measure n. 1.量度，尺寸 2.措施，方法vt. 量，测量vi. 有…长（宽，高）product n. 1.产品，制品 2.结果，成果 3.乘积relate vt. 1.使有联系 2.叙述，讲vi. 与…有关系tend vt 照料，护理vi. 易于，有某种倾向term n. 1.学期2.期限，期间3.术语，措词4.(pl.)条款，条件vt. 称为，叫做频率出现7次的单词available a.可利用的；有效的；可得到的average n. 1.平均（数） 2.一般水平，平均标准a. 1.平均的 2.一般的，通常的avoid vt.避免，回避，逃避behavio(u)r n. 1.行为，表现 2.（机器等的）运转情况care n. 1.牵挂，担心 2.照应，照料 3.烦恼，烦人的事vi. 1.担心，关心，介意 2.喜欢，愿意comprehension n. 1.理解，理解力 2.领悟cross v. 1.穿越 2.相交 3.划横线，勾掉n. 1.十字架，十字形的东西 2.交叉路 3.苦难electronic a.电子（学）的fall vi. 1.落下，降落，跌落 2.陷落，失守 3.降低，减退n. 1.秋季2.落下，降落3.陷落4.下降；减弱keep vt./vi.1.保存，保留2.（使…）保持（着某一状态），使得3.保守，遵守4.保卫，防卫5.赡养，饲养6.看管，经营7.履行，遵循majority n.多数，大多数motorist n.驾车的人，乘车旅行的人murderer n.杀人犯，凶手natural a. 1.自然界的，天然的2.正常的，惯常的3.天赋，天生的occur vi. 1.发生 2.出现，存在popular a. 1.大众喜爱的，喜闻乐见的 2.大众化的，普及的price n. 1.价格 2.代价vt.标价，定价project n. 1.方案，计划 2.工程，项目vt. 1.投掷，发射 2.放映3.设计，规划 4.突出，使凸出pure a. 1.纯粹的 2.纯净纯洁的3.无邪，贞洁的4.完全，彻底的record n. 1.记录，报告 2.经历，履历 3.记录，最好成绩a.创纪录的vt. 1.记录，记载 2.录音，录影，录下refer vi. 1.提到，引用 2.查阅，参考1.vt.叫（人）去…（以便得到消息、援助等）2.把…归因于3.把…委托（交给）…regard vt. 1.把…看作，把…认为 2.注意，注视3.对待，看待4.尊重，尊敬n. 1.注意，注视 2.尊敬，尊重 3.(pl.)问候，致意retail n. 零售v.零售ad.以零售价格seal n. 1.封条 2.印章vt. 1.密封 2.盖章section n. 1.节，段，部分 2.科室 3.截面，剖视图single a. 1.单个的，单一的 2.独身的 3.每个的，个别的vt.挑选species n.物种，种类suggest vt. 1.建议，提议 2.表明，暗示trend n.趋势，倾向vi.趋向，倾向typical a. 1.典型的，有代表性的 2.特有的，独特的victim n.受害者，牺牲者，遇难者频率出现6次的单词acquisition n获得（物）adapt vt 1.使适应，使适合 2.改编，改写allow vt 1.允许，准许 2.承认 3.给予vi（~for）考虑到，顾及apply vi./vt. 1.请求，申请 2.适用，应用，运用3.把…应用于approach vi./vt. 1.走近，接近，临近 2.处理，对待n. 1.走近，接近 2.（处理的）方法 3.看法，观点astronaut n. 宇航员attack vt./n.1.攻击，袭击 2.（疾病）发作attitude n. (与介词to,towards连用）态度，看法balance n. 1.平衡，均衡 2.收支平衡，收付余款3.秤，天平vt./vi. 1.（用天平）秤 2.使平衡 3.（收支）相抵clear a. 1.光亮的，清澈的 2.清晰的，条理清楚的3.晴（天）的vt. 打扫；使清楚，晴朗起来；清除，收走complex a. 复杂的；综合的concept n. 概念，观念；思想control n./vt.1.管理，控制，支配 2.（感情等的）抑制，节制corporation n. （大）公司damage n. 1.损害，毁坏 2.（用复数）损害赔偿金vt. 损害，损伤；毁坏data n. 资料，数据decline vt./vi. 1.拒绝，婉谢 2.下降；（太阳）落山；衰弱n. 1.衰弱 2.斜坡emergency n. 突发事件，紧急关头，非常时刻endanger vt. 危害，危及extinct a. 1.熄灭的 2.灭绝的，绝种的jam vt./vi.1.压紧；（被）夹住2.突然用力推n. 1.果酱2.阻塞，轧住leave vt. 1.离开 2.留下，剩下，使处于（某种状态）3.遗留，遗忘4.听任，让5.交托，委托vi. 离开，出发n. 1.许可，准许 2.准假；假期lie vi. 1.躺，平放 2.位于，在于3.撒谎，说谎n 谎话，假话loss n. 1.遗失，丧失2.亏损，减少，损失3.失败，输掉nature n. 1.自然界，大自然 2.性质，本性object n. 1.物，物体 2.目的，目标 3.对象v. 不赞成，反对perception n. 1.知觉，知觉力 2.理解，认识progress n 1.前进，进展 2.进步，发展vi. 1.前进，进展 2.进步，发展prove v. 1.证明，证实 2.证明是，表明是reflect vt. 1.反射 2.反映，表达vi. 1.反射，映出 2.仔细考虑，思考replace vt. 1.把…放回原处 2.取代 3.替换，更换response n. 1.回答，回应 2.反应，反响restrict vt. 限制，约束riot n. 骚乱，暴动vi. 闹事，骚乱safety n. 安全service n. 1.服务 2.公共事业 3.服役vt. 维护，保养shift v. 1.变换，转换 2.变（速），调（档）n. 1.转变，更换 2.轮班，换班significance n. 1.意义2.重要性smoke n. 1.烟，烟雾 2.吸烟vt. 1.吸（烟） 2.烟熏vi. 1.吸烟 2.冒烟solve vt. 解决，解答surrounding n. (pl.)环境，周围的事物a. 周围的theory n. 1.理论，原理 2.意见thought n. 1.想法，看法 2.思想，思维 3.打算，意图total a. 总的，全部的n. 总数，总计vt. 计算…的总和vi. 总计，合计tradition n. 1.传统 2.惯例，规矩university n. （综合性）大学value n 1.重要性，用途，用处 2.价值3.评价vt. 1.给…估价 2.看重，珍视view n. 1.风景，景色 2.看法，见解 3.视野，眼界vt. 1.把…看成是，认为 2.观察，检查频率出现5次的单词adequate a.足够的，充分的appear vi. 1.出现，露出 2.似乎，好像atmosphere n. 1.大气层 2.气氛，环境aware a.（用作表语，与介词of连用）意识到的，觉察到的belong vi. 1.属于 2.应归入（类别、派别、范畴等）bother vi./t.1.打扰，麻烦 2.费心，烦心n. 1.麻烦，困扰 2.麻烦的人或事物creature n.人，动物，生物cue n.暗示，提示custom n. 1.习惯，习俗 2.海关；（用复数）关税dependent a. 1.依靠的，依赖的 2.从属的diagnosis n. 1.诊断 2.调查分析electrical a.与电有关的，电气科学的；用电的entire a.全部的，整个的exchange vt. 1.交换，调换 2.交流，互换n.交换，调换failure n. 1.失败，不及格 2.失败的人（或事）3.故障，失灵4.没做到，不履行feedback n.反馈former a.以前的，在前的heap n. 1.堆 2.大量，许多vt.使成堆，堆积，堆起image n. 1.像，形象 2.影像，图像immediate a. 1.立即的，即刻的 2.直接的，最接近的impact n. 1.碰撞，冲击力 2.效果，影响improve vt./vi. 1.改善，改进，增进 2.好转，进步insight n.洞悉，洞察力，见识，深刻的了解Issue vi./vt. 1.流出，放出 2.发行，出版，颁布n. 1.发行（物），（报刊）期号2.问题，争论点，争端lot n. 1.许多，大量 2.签，抽签lower a.较低的，下等的，下游的vt.放下，放低，降低marry vt.同…结婚mention v.提到，谈到n.提述，提及national n.国民（指侨居国外的）a. 1.全国性的 2.国内的，本国的3.民族的4.国有的network n. 1.网状织物 2.网状系统 3.广播（电视）网objective a.客观的n.目标，目的organize/-ise vt. 1.组织，安排 2.筹办practical a.实际的，实用的prefer v.更喜欢，宁愿previous a.先的，前的，以前的raise vt. 1.抬起，举起 2.提出，发起 3.抚养，饲养 4.募集,筹集n.加薪reduce vt. 1.减少，减低 2.使…变低3.贬低，使沦落4.（数学）约简vi. 1.减小，减少 2.减肥relation n. 1.家人，亲戚 2.关系 3.叙述，陈述relationship n. 1.关系 2.亲属关系rescue vt./n.救援safe a.安全的n.保险箱self n. 1.自己，本身 2.私心sense n. 1.意思，意味 2.感觉，感知3.见识，判断能力4.意识，理智vt.觉得，意识到share vt. 分享，分给，分担n. 1.部分，一份 2.股份，股 3.分担，均摊sign n. 1.符号，记号 2.姿势，手势3.标识，牌示4.征兆，迹象v. 1.签名 2.作手势（表示）similar a. 相似的，类似的situation n. 1.形势，情况 2.处境，境况 3.位置，场所status n. 1.地位，身份 2.情形，状况，状态store n. 1.商店，店铺 2.贮备品vt.贮藏，贮备suffer vt. 1.忍受，承受 2.遭受vi. 1.忍受痛苦 2.受损失survival n. 1.幸存（者） 2.遗物threat n. 1.威胁，恐吓 2.凶兆，征兆transmit vt.传播，播送；传递，传导，传送tribe n.部落，宗族various a. 1.不同的，各种各样的 2.多方面的vast a. 1.巨大的，广大的 2.大量的 3.非常的wave n. 1.波，波浪 2.（手等的）挥动vt.挥动，向…挥手vi. 1.挥手示意 2.波动，飘动zone n. 地区，地带，区域频率出现4次的单词account n. 1.账目，（复数）账户2.说明，陈述 3.原因，理由vi.说明（理由等）agreement n. 1.同意，达成协议 2.协定，协议amount vi. 1.总计 2.（与介词to连用）等于n.总额；数量appliance n. 1.器械，装置 2.应用，适用arrow n. 1.箭（状物） 2.箭头符号aspect n. 1.（问题，事物等的）方面 2.样子，面貌bamboo n.竹，竹类block n. 1.大块（木料或石料，金属等） 2.障碍物，阻塞物3.街区（四条街道当中的地区）vt.阻拦，堵塞broadcast vt./vi. 〈无线电〉广播（节目）n.无线电广播，播音career n. 1.职业 2.生涯cast vt. 1.投，抛 2.撒（网） 3.铸造，浇铸n.一掷；撒网；铸件cause n. 1.原因 2.理由，缘故 3.事业，奋斗目标vt. 1.造成，引起 2.使得chase vt.追赶，追逐n.追赶，追击choose vt. 1.挑选，选择 2.愿意，决定consider vt. 1.考虑，细想2.体谅，顾及3.认为，以为，把…看作vi.考虑convention n. 1.习俗，惯例 2.（社团，政党等）大会，会议3.公约，契约cope vi. 1.（善于）应付，妥善处理 2.竞争detail n. 1.细节，详情 2.枝节，琐事vt.详述，详谈enormous a.巨大的，庞大的entertain vt. 1.使欢乐，使娱乐 2.招待，款待 3.持有(意见、见解等)evidence n. 1.根据，证据 2.形迹，迹象executive a.实施的，执行的，行政的n. 1.总经理，董事 2.执行者3.行政部门exist vi. 1.存在 2.生存，生活express vt.表示，表达n.快车；快递，快汇extreme a. 1.极度的，极端的 2.尽头的，末端的n.极端，最大程度；在末端的事物flight n. 1.飞行，飞翔 2.航空旅行，航程 3.航班focus n.焦点，（活动、兴趣等的）中心vi./vt.使聚焦，集中fossil n.化石fundamental a.基本的，根本的，主要的；原始的n.(常用复数）基本原理，基本原则historical a.历史的，有关历史的ideal a. 1.理想的，完美的 2.观念的n. 理想impression n. 1.印，印痕 2.印象，感想 3.印记intend vt.想要，打算，企图locate vt. 1.把…设置在，使…坐落于 2.探明，找到logical a.逻辑的，合乎逻辑的lost a. 1.失去的 2.错过的，浪费掉的 3.无望的，迷路的maintain vt. 1.维持，保持 2.保养，维修 3.坚持，主张major a. 1.较重要的，较大的 2.主要的n. 1.主修课程 2.少校vi.（in）主修market n. 1.市场，集市 2.销路，需求vt.销售mid adj.中央的，中间的mystery n. 1.神秘，奥秘 2.神秘的事物notion n. 1.概念，意念 2.想法，见解opinion n. 1.意见，看法 2.舆论，评价organization n. 1.组织，安排 2.团体 3.有机体overseas ad./a.到国外（的），到海外（去的）ownership n.所有权，所有制participate vi. 1.参与，参加 2.分享，分担predict v.预言，预测，预告protect vt.保护，保卫protection n.保护pump n.泵，抽水机，打气机v.用抽水机抽，打气purchase vt.购买n. 1.购买 2.购买的物品rapid a.迅速的，快速的realize/is Vt. 1.认识到，了解 2.实现receive vt. 1.收到，领到 2.接受，得到3.接待，接见4.遭受，遭到recipe n. 1.食谱 2.方法，窍门register vt. 1.注册，登记 2.（仪表等）显示3.将（邮件）挂号vi.登记，注册n. 1.登记，注册 2.登记簿，花名册regulation n. 1.规定，条例，法令 2.管制，控制 3.调节，调整relief n. 1.（痛苦、烦恼等的）解除，减轻 2.浮雕3.救济，赈灾remains n. 1.剩余物，残留物 2.遗体，遗迹report vt./n.1.报告，报道 2.汇报[ ]vi. 1.报到 2.报告responsible a. 1.应负责的 2.有责任心的revolution n. 1.革命，大变革 2.旋转 3.周期，循环risk n./vt.（冒）风险rule vt./vi. 1.统治，控制 2.裁决n. 1.规则，规定 2.习惯，惯例 3.支配，统治satellite n. 1.卫星，人造卫星 2.附庸国scheme n. 1.计划，方案 2.阴谋，诡计v.计划，图谋select vt.选择，挑选a.选择的，精选的sentence n. 1.句子 2.宣判，判决vt.宣判，判决silence n. 1.寂静 2.沉默，无言vt.使沉默，使安静simple a. 1.朴素的，简朴的 2.简易的，简单的3.纯真的4.完全的5.头脑简单的standard n.标准，规格subject n. 1.主题，题目 2.学科，科目 3.实验对象a.容易患（感冒等）的vt. 2.从属的，受…支配的使服从，使遭受support n. 1.支持，支撑 2.支撑物3.拥护，支持，鼓励 4.生活费vt. 1.支持，支撑 2.支持，鼓励3.拥护，为…助威4.供养，资助survey vt. 1.纵览，环视 2.调查，检查 3.测量，勘定n. 1.调查，研究 2.概说，概观 3.测量switch n. 1.开关 2.突然转变v.改变，交换system n. 1.系统，体系 2.制度，体制taste n. 1.滋味，味道 2.味觉 3.鉴赏力，审美力vt. 1.尝，品尝 2.体验，领略vi.尝起来有某种味道technique n. 1.技巧，手艺 2.技能，技术throw vt. 1.投，抛，扔 2.摔落，摔倒topic n.话题，主题trade n. 1.贸易，商业 2.行业vt.用…进行交换，相互交换train n. 1.火车，列车 2.一连串，一系列vt.训练，培训training n.培训，训练，培养transport vt.运输，运送understanding n. 1.洞察力，理解力 2.理解，领会a.能体谅人的，宽容的universal a.全世界的，普遍的unusual a. 1.异常的，不寻常的 2.独特的，与众不同的vehicle n. 1.交通工具，车辆 2.工具，手段visual a. 1.看得见的 2.视觉的voltage n.电压whole n.全部，整体a. 1.全体的，全部的 2.完整的，无缺的频率出现3次的单词absorb vt. 1.吸收 2.使专心，使全神贯注academic a. 1.学院的，研究院的 2.学术的access n. 1.接近，获得（机会等） 2.入口，通道alive a. 1.活着的，在世的 2.有活力的，活泼的alternative a.二中选一的n.可供选择的事物，取舍appropriate a.适当的，恰如其分的association n. 1.协会，社团，团体 2.联合，合伙band n. 1.带子，箍 2.乐队（尤指管乐队）3.波段，频带4.一群，一伙basic a. 1.基础的，基本，根本的 2.主要的，首要的n. （用复数）基础，基本bid vt.报价，投标n.出价，投标broad a. 1.广的，阔的，广阔的 2.概括的，广泛的cable n. 1.缆，电缆 2.电报vt.打电报challenge n.挑战（书）vt.向…挑战charge n. 1.收费 2.罪名，指控 3.充电，电荷 4.负责vt. 1.装满，使充满 2.索价，收费3.（常与介词with连用）控告，指控4.充电chronic(al) a.慢性的，延续很长的cite vt.引用，引证，举例clue n.线索，暗示，提示code n. 1.规则，法规 2.密码，代码colleague n.同事，同僚comfort vt.使安慰，使舒适n. 1.安慰，慰劳 2.舒适，惬意，安逸construct vt.构筑，建造n.构筑物，建筑物，构想contact n.接触，联系；联络员；带菌者vt.接触，联系crack n. 1.裂纹，裂缝 2.爆裂声，噼啪声vt./vi. 1.（使）破裂，（使）爆裂 2.（使）发噼啪声curiosity n.好奇（心）cycle n. 1.周期，循环 2.自行车vi. 1.循环 2.骑自行车desirable a. 1.理想的 2.称心的develop vt./vi. 1.（使）发达，（使）发展2.开发，研制3.（使）显影 4.发育，生长，进化device n. 1.设计，方法 2.装置，设备divorce n. 1.离婚 2.分离，分裂vt. 1.同…离婚 2.分离，脱离eliminate vt.消灭，消除，除去，排出entertainment n. 1.款待，招待 2.游艺，表演文娱节目escape vi./vt. 1.逃跑，逃脱，避免，避开2.（液体等）漏出，漏气n.逃跑，逃脱，逸出essential a. 1.（常与介词to连用）必要的，必不可少的2.根本的，本质的n.（常用复数）本质，要点exception n. 除外，例外exhaust vt.用尽，耗尽；使疲竭n.排气装置；废气expand vt./vi. 1.张开，展开 2.扩大，发展expend vt.花费，耗费（金钱、时间、精力等）expert n.专家，能手a. 1.熟练的，老练的 2.内行的fatal a. 1.致命的 2.关键的favo(u)r n. 1.赞赏2.偏爱，偏袒3.帮助，恩惠，善意的行为vt. 1.赞成，赞同 2.偏爱，偏袒feasible a.可行的，可能的，办得通的female a.女（性）的，雌性的n. 1.女人 2.雌性动物fiction n. 1.小说 2.虚构的事物，捏造的故事funeral n./a.葬礼（的）generation n. 1.发生，产生 2.一代，世代 3.生育genetic a. 1.创始的 2.遗传学的genuine a. 1.真实的，真正的 2.真心的，真诚的goal n. 1.（足球运动的）球门 2.（球赛等的）进球，得分3.目的，目标gossip n. 1.闲话，流言 2.闲谈，随笔vi.说闲话，漫谈；搬弄是非hydraulic a.水力的，水压的ignore vt.忽视，不顾imagine vt.想像，设想，料想，以为indicate vt. 1.指点，引起注意 2.指出，表明3.（用手势、灯光等）指示influence n. 1.影响，感化 2.势力，权势 3.〈电学〉感应vt.影响，感化initial a.最初的，开头的，初期的n.（用复数）姓名的起首字母instruction n. 1.（用复数）命令，指示，用法说明 2.讲授，教导intelligence n. 1.智力，理解力 2.情报，消息introduction n. 1.引导，传入 2.介绍 3.导言，绪论item n. 1.条，条款，项目 2.一条（新闻），节目jury n.陪审委员会，陪审团（英美为12人）latter a. 1.后面的，末了的 2.后一半的，接近终了的n.后者layer n.层（次）list n.目录，名单，表v.列举，排列logic n. 1.逻辑（学） 2.逻辑性mass n. 1.（大的）团，块，群 2.大量，众多3.(pl.)群众，集团microwave n.微波misery n.痛苦，悲惨mission n. 1.使命，任务 2.代表团mobile a. 1.可移动的 2.易变的n.活动装置narrow a. 1.狭窄的2.范围小的3.眼光短浅的，有偏见的nerve n. 1.神经 2.勇气official a. 1.官方的，正式的 2.官员的，公务的n.官员，高级职员order n. 1.次序，顺序2.正常状况3.秩序4.命令5.订购，定货6.等级v. 1.命令 2.定购3.整理，安排origin n. 1.起源，开端 2.出身，血统ozone n. 1.臭氧 2.（海岸等的）新鲜空气pattern n. 1.图案，图样 2.形式，方式 3.模范，典范vt.仿制，模仿permit v.容许，许可n.执照，许可证philosopher n.哲学家，哲人pioneer n.先驱，倡导者，开拓者powerful a. 1.强大的，强有力的 2.强烈的3.有影响的，有权力的preserve vt. 1.保藏，保存 2.保护，维持 3.防腐，腌制process n. 1.过程，进程 2.工序，制作法 3.诉讼vt.加工，处理production n. 1.生产，制造 2.生产量 3.产品，作品publish v. 1.出版，刊印 2.公布，发表punishment n.处罚，惩罚quarter n. 1.四分之一 2.一刻钟 3.地区，区域4.（pl.）住处5.（美元）两角五分range n. 1.范围，领域 2.（山）脉 3.射击场vt. 1.排列成行 2.把…分类vi. 1.列成行，并列2.绵亘，延伸3.(一定范围内)变动，变化rare a. 1.稀少的，稀薄的 2.极好的，珍奇的ad.很，非常react vi. 1.反应 2.起作用，有影响 3.反抗recite vt./vi.背诵，朗诵reinforce vt.加强，增援reluctant a.不愿意的，勉强的remedy n. 1.治疗，治疗法 2.补救法vt. 1.医治2.补救，纠正remote a. 1.遥远的，偏僻的 2.（关系）不密切的，疏远的represent vt. 1.代表，代理 2.表示，象征require vt.要求，需求requirement n.要求，需求retard n.阻止，延迟vt.妨碍，延迟，使减速return vi./n.1.回去，归来 2.还，归还vt. 1.归还，送回 2.回报，报答a. 1.回程的2.回报的review vt./n.1.回顾，审视 2.复习3.评论vi.评论，写评论rhythm n. 1.节奏，韵律 2.有规律的循环运动running n. 1.跑，赛跑 2.（机器等的）开动，运转3.经营，运行a. 1.跑着的，跑步用的2.（水）流动的3.连续的，接连不断的scan n.浏览，扫描v.浏览，扫描sequence n. 1.连续，系列 2.次序，顺序sight n. 1.视力，视觉 2.看，观看 3.景物，景象4.视野5.（pl.）名胜 6.看法，见解vt.看见，观测significant a. 1.有意义的，意味深长的 2.重要的，重大的special a. 1.特别的，特殊的 2.特别好的，格外的n.特别的事或物spirit n. 1.精神，心灵 2.精灵，妖精3.（pl.）情绪，心境4.（pl.）酒精，烈性酒stand vi. 1.站立，竖立 2.站起，起立3.放置，位于4.处于某种状态vt. 1.使站立，竖放2.忍受，经受n. 1.货摊，售货台2.置物架3.看台，观众席4.立场，态度steady a.稳定的，稳固的strengthen vt.加强，巩固substance n. 1.物质 2.实质，本质 3.要义，主要部分succeed vi. 1.成功 2.继承，接着发生vt.接替，接…之后suppose vt.假定，料想sweat n.汗（水）v.（使）出汗teaching n. 1.教学，执教，任教，讲授 2.（复数）教诲，教义tolerate vt.容忍，忍受，容许transfer vt. 1.转移，转换 2.转让，过户n. 1.迁移，转移 2.改乘，换车transportation n. 1.运输 2.运输系统（工具）treat v. 1.对待，看待 2.治疗 3.招待n.款待，请客unique a. 1.唯一的 2.独特的，异常的n.独一无二的事物unknown a. 1.未知的 2.无名的 3.陌生的veto n.否决权vt.使用否决权vi.否决，禁止vital a. 1.极其重要的 2.有生命的，生气勃勃的3.致命的weak a. 1.虚弱的，无力的 2.（能力等）差的，弱的3.微弱的，淡薄的willing a.愿意的，心甘情愿的yield vt. 1.生产，出产 2.放弃vi.屈服，服从n.产量，收益。
2011年同等学力申硕英语真题
试卷一Paper One(90 minutes)Part I Dialogue Communication(10 minutes，10 points，1 for each) Section ADialogue CompletionDirections：In this section，you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers，each followed by 4 choices A，B，C and D.Choose the best answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.1.A：Could you install this equipment for me?B： e on.don’t you SCC I’m busy now?B.Unless you can help mc with my computerC.It’S very heavy.It’11 be ok ifyou can find another handD.Ifl were you.1 would do it myself2. A：Martin.congratulations on your winning such a great awardB：A.Oh，do you really think so?B.All the honor should go to my colleaguesC.You know，I have stayed up very late recentlyD.I have great confidence to win this time3. A.Do you know what happen to Jack?B：I don’t care what happen to himB：A.I know you feel ill ofhim，but he failed in the driving test againB.I know you arc fed up with him，but he is still fineC.Oh，you shouldn’t look up to himD.I know you feel sick of hearing his noxnc，but he was seriously injured in the car accident4. A.The phone bill was$1 60 this month.Someone must have made several international calls without keeping mc informedB：A.Wow.I don’t know you are such a stingy personB.You mean I did it when you were absent?C.I’m sorry.Mrs.Jones.I forgot to tell you that I called my girlfriend in Italy a couple of times.D.It’S none of my business.But I guess it’S Ted who did it，because he has a girlfriend inFrance.5. A：What do you think I should dress for the reception?B：A.Oh，just come asyou oreB.Do you really need to dress up yourselfC.Really?You will join the reception?D.Coat and tie.I’m sureSection BDialogue ComprehensionDirections：In this section，you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman.At the end of conversation there is a question followed by 4 choices marked A，B，C and D.Choose the best answer to the question by marking the corresponding letter with a single box across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.6. M：Mary.I bought an old vase for$10.but it turned out to be 500 years oldW：You’ve gotta be kidding.It must be imitationQ：What does the woman mean?A.The man is cracking ajoke on herB.It is impossible to buy a genuine antique for SO little moneyC.The man is out of his mind about the old vaseD.The man is run into a great fortune7. W：Hey.Frank.you look upset.Is it the problem with the project?M：Yeah.I can’t come up with the solutionQ：What’S wrong with the man?A.He con’t find a good idea about the problemB.He feels hopeless about the projectC.He has encountered another problemD.He is going to give up the project8.M：Call you come over for dinner tonight?W：I’m up to my ears in works.SO I’11 have to take a rain checkQ：What does the woman mean?A.She wants to check the weather before decidingB.She has a problem with her hearingC.She’d enjoy coming to dinner another timeD.She want the man to help her with some work9. M：I've got a C on the biology test.So I have to talk to the Professor to change itW：That will give you nowhere.The only thing you con do is to do it better next time Q：What does the woman mean?A.It’S useless to talk to the professorB.The professor is often unfairC.The man has done well enoughD.Theman call’t bebetter next time10.M：I Call’tputup with Josefatthe meeting.Itwas an insultto meW：But you should be outspoken about thisQ：What is the woman’S suggestion?A.The man should not say things like thatB.The man should fight backC.The moll should show his anger openlyD.The man should not complain openlyPart II Vocabulary(10 minutes，10 points，0.5 for each) Section ADirections：In this section there are Choose the one from the meaning of the sentence SHEET with a single line are ten sentences，each with one word or phrase underlined.four choices marked A，B，C and D that best keeps the.Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER through the center1 1.Consumer groups protesting againist prices in this city nowA.clothingB.clinging toplaining aboutD.clutching with12.They have announced that two failing firms have eventually emerged?ernedB.greetedmittedbined13.Two Substitutes were used the during the basketball gamesA.playersB.centersC.refereesD.replacements1 4.His plans should succeed without too much trouble，for it seems feasiblepleteB.decisiveC.daringD.possible1 5.Judgment was suspended till the following Monday because of the lack of the evidenceA.changedB.discussedC.postponermed16.The object for each other in the game of chess is to trap the other player’S king intoa positionfrom which escape is impossibleA.skillB.aimC.interestD.Difficulty1 7.the colors red，blue and yellow canbe.Mixed human eye con distinguishA.soakedB.rankedC.blendedD.purchased18.Annie’Sjob as an assistant at the university observatory was to classify stars according to their spectra.A.10cateB.photographC.drawD.categorize19.During the United States civil Nor，many people in the south were forced to flee their home.A.retum toB.pay taxes onC.run away fromD.rebuild20. It is reported that the policemen are pursuing the bank robbers in the country.A.appealing toB.chasingC.applying toD.claiming forSection BDirections：In this section，there are 10 incomplete sentences.For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A，B，C and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding le~er on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.21.Oil is an important material which can be processed into molly different products，including plasticsA.rawB.bleakC.flexible D .fertile22.The high living standards of the US cause its present population to 25 percent of the world’S oil.A. assumeB.consume C .resume D .presume23.You shouldn’t be so I didn’t mean anything bad in what I saidA .sentimentalB .sensibleC .sensitiveD .sophisticated24.Picasso was an artist who fundamentally changed the of art for later genrations.A.philosophyB. concept C .viewpoint D .theme25.Member states had the option to——from this agreement with one year’S notice.A. deny B .object C .suspect D .withdraw26.The two countries achieved some progress in the sphere of trade relations，traditionallya source of irritation.A .mutualB .optional C. neutral D. parallel27.Williams had not been there during the moments when the kidnapping had taken place.A .superior B. rigorous C.vital D.unique28.Travel around Japan today，and one sees foreign residents a wide Of jobs .A .rangeB .field C. scale D. area35.Mayor Booker’S effort against crime seem to beA.idealisticC.effectiveB.impracticalD.fruitless36.The best title forthe passage may beA.Stop Shooting，Start Thinking，and KeepB.Efforts to Fight against Gun CrimesC.A Mission to Revitalize the CityD.Violent Murders in NewarkPassage TwoAccording to a recent survey on money and relationships，3 6 percent of people are keeping bank account from their partner.While this financial unfaithfulness may appear as distrust in relationship，in truth it may just be a form of financial protection .With almost half of all marriages ending in divorce，men and women are realizing they need to be financially savvy regardless of whether t11eY are in a relationship The financial hardship on individuals after a divorce Call be extremely difficult，even more so when children are involved.The lack of permanency in relationships，jobs and family life may be the cause of a growing trend to keep a secret bank account hidden from a partner;in other words，an’’escape fund”.Margaret’s story is far from unique.She is a representative of a growing number of women in long-term relationships who are becoming protective of their own earnings .Every month on pay day，she banks hundreds of dollars into a savings account she keeps from her husband.She has been doing this throughout their six-year marriage and has built a nest egg worth an incerdible $1 00，000 on top of her pension .Margaret says if her husband found out about her secret savings he’d hurt and would interpret this as a sign she wasn’t sure of the marriage.’’He’d think it was my escape fun so that financially I could afford to get out of the relationship if it went wrong.I know you should approach marriage as being forever and I hope ours is，but you can never be sure.’’Like many of her fellow secret savers，Margaret was stung in a former relationship and has since been very guarded about her own money .Coming clean to your partner about being a secret saver may not be all that bad.Take example，who had been saving secretly for a few years before she confessed to her partner.’’ decided to open a savings account and start building a nest egg of my own.1 wanted to prove to myself that I could put money in the bank and leave it there for a rainy day.’’“When John found out about my secret savings，he was a little suspicious of my motives.I reassured him that this was certainly not an escape fund that I feel very secure in out relationship.I have to admit that it does feel good to have my own money on reserve if ever there are rainy days in the future.It’s sensible to build and protect your personal financial security.’’37.The trend to keep a secret bank account is growing because .A.escape fund helps one through rainy daysB.days are getting harder and harderC.women are money sensitiveD.financial conflicts often occur3 8.The word：.saIiw”(Line2：Para 2)probably means .A.suspiciousC.shrewdB.secureD.simple39.W hat would Margaret’s husband probably do if he found out about her secret savings?A.breaks up with herB.builds anest eggforherC.interprets this as a divorcing signalD.escapes the wrong place40.Which inference coil we make about Margaret?A.She is a unique womanC.She is going to retireB.She was once divorcedD.She has many children41.The author mentions Colleen’s example to showA.any couple can avoid marriage conflictsB.privacy within marriage should be respectedC.everyone can save a fortune with a happy marriageD.financial disclosure is not necessarily bad42.Which of the following best summary this passage?A.Secret SaversC.Banking HonestyB. Love I Wat it’s WorthD.Once Bitten，Twice ShyThe word‘protection’is no longer taboo(禁忌语)”.This short sentence，uttered by French resident Nicolas Sarkozy last month，may have launched a new era in economic history.Why? or decades，Western leaders have believed that lowering trade barriers and tariffs was a natural ood.Doing so，they reasoned，would lead to greater economic efficiency and productivity，which in turn would improve human welfare.Championing free trade thus became a moral，not just an economic，cause.These leaders，of course，weren’t acting out of unselfishness.They knew their economies were the most competitive，so they’d profit most from liberalization.And developing countries feared that their economies would be swamped by superior Western productivity.Today，however，the tables have turned…though few acknowledge it.The West continues to preach free trade，but practices it less and n，meanwhile，continues to plead for special protection but practices more and more free trade .That’s why Sarkozy’s words were so important：he finally injected some honesty into the trade debates.The truth is that large parts of the West are losing faith in tree trade，though few leaders admit it.Some economists are more honest.Paul Krugman is one of the few willing to acknowledge that protectionist arguments are returning.In the short run，there will be winners and losers under free trade.This，of course，is what capitalism is all about.But more and more of these losers will be in the West，Economists in the developed world used to love quoting Jonoph Schumpeter，who said that‘creative destruction”was an essential part of capitalist growth.But they always assumed that destruction would happen over there.When Western workers began losing jobs，suddenly their leaders began to lose faitll in their principles，Things have yet to reverse com pletely.But there’s clearly a negative trend in a Western theory and practice .A little hypocrisy(虚伪)is not in itself a serious problem.The real problem is that Western governments continue to insist that they retain control of the key global economic and financial institutions while drifting away from global liberalization.Lock at what’s happening at the IMF (International Monetary Fund)The Europeans have demanded that t11eY keep the post of managing director.But all too often，Western officials put their own interests above everyone else’s when they dominate these global institutions .The time has therefore come for the Asians-who ore clearly the new winners in today’S global economy-to provide more intellectual leadership in supporting free trade：Sadly，they have yet to do SO.Unless Asians speak out，however，there’S a real danger that Adam Smith’S principles，which have brought SO much good to the world，could gradually die.And that would leave all of US，worse off,in one way or another .43.It can be in ferred that“protection”(Line 1，Para.1)meansA improving economic efficiencyB.ending the free-trade practiceC.10wering moral standardD.raisingtradetariffs44.The Western leaders preach free trade becauseA.it is beneficial to their economiesB.it is supported by developing countriesC.it makes them keep faith in their principlesD.it is advocated by Joseph Schumpeter and Adam45.By“the tables have turned”(Line 3-4，Para.2)theA.the Western leaders have turned self-centered Smith author implies thatB.the Asian leaders have become advocates of free tradeC.the developed economies have turned less competitiveD.the developing economies have become more independent46.The Western economies used to like the idea of“creative destruction’’because itA.set a long-term rather than short-turn goalB.was an essential part of capitalist developmentC.contained a positive rather than negative mentalityD.was meant to be the destruction of developing economies47.The author uses“IMF’’was an example to illustrate the point thatA.European leaders are reluctant to admit they are hypocriticalB.there is an inconsistency between Western theory and practiceC.global institutions are not being led by true globalization advocatesD.European countries’interests are being ignored by economic leaders48.Which of the following is true about Asians?ns have to speak out the protectionns have demand that they keep the post of managersns succeed in today’S globa l economyns succeed by Adam Smith’S principlesNames have gained increasing importance in the competitive world of higher education.As colleges strive for market share，they are looking for names that proj ect the image they want or reflect the changes they hope to make.Trenton.State College，for example，became the College of New Jersey nine years ago when it began raising admissions standards and appealing to students from throughout the state.“All I hear in higher education is，‘Brand，brand，b rand’said Tim Westerbeck，who specializes in branding and is managing director of Lipman Hearne，a marketing firm based in Chicago that works with universities and other nonprofit organizations.“There has been a sea change over the last l 0 years.Marketing u sed to be almost a dirty word in higher education.”Not all efforts at name changes are successful，of course.In 1997，the New School for Social Research became New School University to reflect its growth into a collection of eight colleges，offering a list of maj ors that includes psychology，music，urban studies and management.But New Yorkers continued to call it the New Sch001.Now，after spending arl undisclosed sum on an online survey and a marketing consultant’s creation of“haming structures.’’“brand architecture’’and“identity systems.’’the university hascome up with a new name：the New Sch001.Beginning Monday，it will adopt new logon(标识)，banners，business cards and even new names for the individual colleges，all to include the words“the New Sch001.’’Changes in names generally reveal significant shifts in how a college wants to be perceived.In altering its name from Cal State.Hayward，to Cal State，East Bay，the university hoped to project its expanding role in two mostly suburban countries east of San Francisco.The University of Southern Colorado，a state institution，became Colorado State University at Pucblo two years ago，hoping to highlight many internal changes，including offering more graduate programs and setting higher admissions standards.Beaver College turned itself into Arcadia University in 200 1 for several reasons：to break the connection with its past as a women’s college，to promote its growth into a full-fledged(完全成熟的)university and officials acknowledged，to eliminate some jokes about the coll ege’s old name on late-night television and‘'morning ZOO”radio shows.Many college officials said changing a name and image could produce substantial results.At Arcadia，in addition to the rise in applications，the average students’test score has increased by 60points，Juli Roebeck，arl Arcadia spokeswoman said.49.which of the following is NOT the reason for colleges to change their names?A .They prefer higher education competitionB .They try to gain advantage in market shareC .They want to proj ect their imageD .They hope to make some changes50.It is implied that one ofthe most significant changes in highter education in the past decade isA.the brand.B .the college namesC .the concept of marketingD. list ofmajors.5 1.What happened to New School for Social Research?A.It is renamed by New YorkersB.It Offers a list ofbooksC.It contains management and MBA courseD.Its new name is not Successful52.The phrase”come up with”(Line 3 Para 4)probably meansA.catchupwithB.dealwithC.putforwarde to the realization53 The case of name changing from Cal State Hayward to Cal State indicates that the universityA .is perceived by the societyB. hopes to expand its influenceC.prefers to reform its reaching programsD.expects to enlarge its campus54.According to the spokeswoman the name change of Beaver CollegeA .turns out very successfulB. fails to attain its goalC. has eliminated some jokesD. has trlsformed its statusIt looked just like another aircraft from the outside The pilot told his young passengers that it was built in 1964.But appearances were deceptive and the 13 students from Europe and the USA who boarded the aircraft were in for the flight of their livesInside the area that normally had seats had become a long white tunnel.Heavily padded(填塞) from floor to ceiling it looked a bit strange.There were almost no windows，but lights along the padded walls illuminated it.Most of the seats had been taken out apart from a few at the back where the young scientists quickly took their places with a look of fear .For 12 months，science students from across the continents had competed to win a place on the flight at the invitation of the European Space Agency.the challenge had been to suggest imaginative experiments to be conducted in weightless conditions .For the next two hours the flight resembled that of an enornlous bird which had lose its reason，shooting upwards towards the heavens before rushing towards Earth.The invention was to Achieve weightlessness for a few seconds .The aircraft took off smoothly enough.But any feelings that I and the young scientists had that we were on anything like a scheduled passenger service were quickly dismissed when the pilot put the plane into a 45 degree climb which lasted around 20 seconds.Then the engines cut out and we became weightless.Everything become confused and left or right.Up or down no longer had any meaning.after ten seconds of flee fall descent the pilot pulled the aircraft out of its nosedive.The return of gravity was less immediate than its loss.but was still sudden enough to ensure that some students came down with a bumpEach time the pilot cut the engines and we became weightless.A new team conduct it experience.First it was the Dutch who wanted to discover how it is that cats always land on their feet.then the German team who conducted a successful experiment on a traditional building method to see if could be used for building a further space station.the Americans had 3.11 idea to create solar sails that could be used by satellitesAfter two hours of going up and down in the lane doing their experiments，the predominate feeling was one of excitement rather than sickness.Most of the students thought it was unforgettable experience and one they would be keen to repeat .55.what did the writer say about the plane?A .Ithadno seats.B. It was painted whiteC. It had no windowsD. The outside was misleading.5 6.according to the writer，how did the young scientists feel before the flight?A.sickB.keenC.nervousD.impatient57.According to the passage，what can be concluded about European Space Agency?A.It produces air-planesB.It sends invitationsC.It trains students from across the continentsD.It conducts imaginative experiments58.what did the pilot do with the plane after it took off?A.He quickly climbed and then stopped the enginesB.He climbed and them made the plane fall slowly.C.He took off normally and then cut the engines for 20 secondsD.He climbed and then made the plane turn over59.Acoording to the passage，the purpose ofbeing weightless was toA.see what conditions bare like in spaceB.prepare the youngC.show thejudges of the competition what they could doD .make the teams try out their ideas60.this passage was written toA.encourage young people to take up scienceB.describe the process of a scientific competitionC.show scientists what young people can doD.report on a new scientific techniquePart IV Cloze(15 minutes，15 points，1 for each)Directions：In this part，there is a passage with 15 blanks.For each blank there are 4 choices marked A，B，C and D.Choose the best answer for each blank and mark the corresponding letter on your ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center .Most people who travel long distances complain ofjetlag(喷气飞行时差反应).Jetlag makes business travelers less productive and more prone 6l making mistakes.It is actually caused by disruption of your‘'body clock” a small cluste r of brain cells that controls the timing of biological 62 .The body clock is de-signed for a一63一rhythm of daylight and darkness，so that it is thrown out of balance when it experiences daylight and darkness at the‘'wrong”times in a new time zone.The 64 ofj etlag often persist for days 65 the internal body clock slowly adjusts to the new time zone.Now a new a_nti-jetlag system is 66 that is based on proven extensive pioneering scientitic research Dr.Martin Moore-Ede has devised a practical strategy to adjust the body clock much sooner to the new time zone 67 controlled exposure to bright light.The time zone shift is easy toaccomplish and eliminates 68 of the discomfort ofjetlag.A succesful time zone shift depends on knowing the exact times to either 69 or avoid bright light.Exposure to light at the wrong time can actually make jetlag worse.The proper schedule 70 light exposure depends a great deal 011 7l travel plans.Data on a specific flight itinerary(旅行路线)and the individual’s sleep 72 are used to pro duce a Trip Guide with 73 .on exactly when to be exposed to bright light.Whell the Trip Guide calls 74 bright light you should spend time outdoors if possible.If it is dark outside，or the weather is bad， 75 you are on an aeroplane，you Carl use a special light device to provide the necessary light stimulus for a range of activities such as reading，watching TV or working.61.A.for B.from C.to D.of62.A.actions B.Functions C.reflection D.behavior63.A.regular B.formal C.continual D.circular64.A.diseases B.symptoms C.Sings D.defects65.A.While B.Where C.if D.although66.A.adaptable B.approachable C.available D.agreeable67.A.at B.through C.acailable D .agreeable68.A.most B.least C.Little D.more69.A.artain B.shed C.retrieve D.seek70.A.on B.with C.for D. in71.A.unique B.Specific C. Complicated D .peuliar72.A.Norm B .instructions C .pattern D.style73.A.directories B.insructions C.Specifications D. commentaries74.A.Off B.on C .for D.up75.A.or B .and C .but D .while试卷二Paper Two(60 minutes)Part I Translation(30 minutes，20 points，10 for each section) Section ADirection：Translate the following passage into Chinese.Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.In the spirit of frankness which I hope will characterize our talks this week，let US recognize at the outset these points：we have at times in the past been enemies.We have differences today What brings US together is that we have common interests which transcend those differences.As we discuss our differences，neither of US will compromise ourprinciples.But while we cannot lose the gulf between US，we can try to bridge it SO that we may be able to talk across itSection BDirection：Translate the following passage into English.Write your translation on the ANSWERSHEET.中国作为疆域辽阔、人口众多、历史悠久的国家，应该对人类有较大的贡献。
2011同等学力学位英语考试精选核心词汇(18页)
approve: [ ə'pru:v ]
v.赞同,核准,证实
approximate: [ ə'prɔksimit ]
a.大约的,近似的
v.接近,约等于
argue: [ 'ɑ:gju: ]
v.争论,辩论,争吵,劝说
arise: [ ə'raiz ]
v.站立,出现
arm: [ɑ:m ]
n.手臂,袖子
n.警报,惊慌,警告,报警器
v.使...惊慌,警告
alert: [ ə'lə:t ]
a.警觉的,灵敏的,留心的
allowance: [ ə'lauəns ]
n.限额，定量
n.津贴,零用钱
ally: [ ə'lai ]
n.盟友,同盟国
v.联盟,联合,与...有关系
alongside: [ əlɔŋ'said ]
v.武装,装备
arouse: [ ə=rauz ]
v.唤醒,鼓励,引起
arrest: [ ə'rest ]
n.逮捕,监禁
v.拘捕,妨碍,吸引
artificial: [ .ɑ:ti'fiʃəl ]
a.人造的,虚伪的,武断的
aspect: [ 'æspekt ]
n.方面,外貌,外观
assemble: [ ə'sembəl ]
Anniversaries
n.周年纪念(日)
annoy: [ ə'nɔi ]
v.使...苦恼,骚扰
anticipate: [ æn'tisipeit ]
v.预期,期待;占....之先,抢....之先;提前使用
2011年1月研究生英语学位考试真题及答案
2011年1⽉研究⽣英语学位考试真题及答案2011年1⽉研究⽣英语学位考试真题及答案PART I 听⼒Section A (1 point each)1. A. he was beaten by a fellow workerB. he was laughed at by a fellow workerC. he was fired from his workD. he was replaced by his co-worker2. A. he did it like everyone elseB. he was not speeding basicallyC. he would like to pay the fineD. the policeman was unfair to him3. A. talk about their fishing experiencesB. drive the woman’s dad to the station togetherC. put off their fishing plan for the next weekendD. go fishing after the woman sees her dad off4. A. she thought the man’s project had been finishedB. she didn’t know the man’s project was urgentC. she thinks the man shouldn’t be so stressedD. she thinks the man has exaggerated about his project5. A. he knows psychology very wellB. psychology is beyond his comprehensionC. psychology is his majorD. he has forgotten the theory of psychology6. A. it’s a pleasant surpriseB. it’s really unexpectedC. it’s very sadD. it’s a pity7. A. he was disappointed with the serviceB. he was satisfied with the serviceC. he finally got what he wantedD. he would like to try it again8. A. he didn’t finish his finals weekB. he failed most of his examinationsC. he couldn’t remember what he had prepared in the examsD. he couldn’t concentrate during the exams9. A. not enjoyableB. just so soC. it’s his favoriteD. he likes itSection B(1 point each)Directions: in this section, you will hear two mini-talks. At the end of talk, there will be some questions. Both the talks and the questions well be read only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given bymarking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on yourmachine-scoring answer sheet.Mini-talk one10. A. to start up her own businessB. to gain experienceC. to save for her tuitionD. to help her family11. A. because he could have more spare creditsB. because the 15-credit-plan was more cost-efficientC. because he had to make up 15 creditsD. because the 15-credit-plan was easier12. A. to become an internB. to challenge traditionsC. to start up her own businessD. to get a full time jobMini-talk two13. A. The United States has declared its independenceB. Lady Liberty is a gift from the people of FranceC. American people have shaken off the oppressionD. The United States has broken off its relations with UK14. A. Lady LibertyB. Liberty LadyC. The Statue of LibertyD. Liberty Enlightening the World15. A. By busB. By boatC. By carD. By subwaySection C (1 point each)听⼒填空16. Mental health experts also include other disorders like ______ (4words) that affect millions of people.17. Mental health problems are most severe in poor countries that ______ (3words) to deal with them.18. About half of all mental health problems first appear before ______ (4words).19. According to WHO, how many people suffered form depression in 2009? (4words).20. The disability caused by mental disorders can have a big impact on ______ (3words).PART II 词汇选择(10 minutes, 10 points)Section A (0.5 point each)21. It was fascinating to watch my husband as he literally became president before my eyes.A. liberallyB. wiselyC. actuallyD. theoretically22. The rights that the citizens of those countries enjoy can all be incorporated in the laws of those individual countries.A. embodiedB. excludedC. immersedD. interpreted23. These are the men and women who run the house and tend to the special needs of its residents.A. take toB. amount toC. attend toD. object to24. These women hoped that cease-fire would continue and that the violence would end once and for all.A. quicklyB. conclusivelyC. universallyD. temporarily25. There is some excitement on the horizon, but I can’t tell you about it.A. in the distanceB.soon to happenC. without a questionD.at first sight26. Low interest rates created easy credit conditions, fueling a housing construction boom and encouraging consumption.A. contaminatingB. ectinguishingC. stimulatingD.transporting27. War involves inflicting the greatest amount of damage in the briefest space of time.A. imposingB. avoidingC. compensatingD.fabricating28. Inflation can destroy the fabric of society by adversely affecting fixed income groups.A. stabilityB. perplexityC. evolutionD.structure29. The participants of the meeting were astonished by the discrepancy between the mayor’s words and his actions.A. differenceB. correlationC.conformityD.separation30.The English writing of college students in China is generally redundant for lack of specific words.A. ambiguousB. wordyC. unconvincingD.stereotypedSection B (0.5 point each)31. Without mutual trust, willingness to engage _____ in the learning process is hindred.A. deliberatelyB. collaborativelyC. destructivelyD. individually32.Humans have to settle the problems with food, clothes and _____ before they can survive.A. cabinB. mansionC. shed33.How did it _____ that in English the correlation between spelling and pronuciation is not very close?A. come about/doc/d7*******.htmle on/doc/d7*******.htmle toD. come by34. While the test-oriented approach to teaching is _____ desirable, it is widely used in China.A. other thanB. not onlyC. nothing butD. far from35. In january 1995, George W. Bush was _____ as the new governor of Texas.A. turned inB. taken inC. sworn inD. put it36. The latest data showed that global ozone _____ had dropped several percent over the last decade.A. penetrationsB. concentrationsC. dimensionsD. extensions37. Scientists have been trying to _____ what factors can cause aging.A. find outB. turn outC. set outD. carry out38. Ten years _____ her career as a lawyer, she decided to start her own firm in Chicago.A.withinB. duringC. intoD. amid39. The tower of the World Trade Center _____ after it was hit by the plane.A. dissipatedB. paddledD. collapsed40. I could speak their language and _____ with their problems because I have been there myself.A. collideB. coincideC.identifyD. associatePART III 完形填空(10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)Early in January 2009, the temperature in Tanana Alaska, fell to 55 below zero F. It was so cold that when the airport runway lights stopped working, crews were __41__ from going outside to fix them.So it was a real concern whe Vicky Aldridge, a nurse practitioner at the village health center, realized that 61-year-old Winkler Bifelt was bleeding __42__ and needed medical treatment at Fairbanks Memorial Hospital, __43__ 150 miles away. The sun was already down when Aldridge made the __44__ telephone call to Frontier Service in Fairbanks.“We told them the only way we could fly was if they could find enough vehicles to __45__ the runway with headlights so we could land,” said Bob Hajdukovich, the company’s president. Aldridge’s next calls went to airport and town officials, who,__46__, called villagers. Forty five minutes later, enough cars, trucks, minivans and snowmobiles had lined up so that the runway was __47__.Pilots Nate Thompson and David Fowler landed without __48__, and then took off again, with Bifelt.“There is this wonderful caring __49__ in the village,” Aldridge said, “ if anyone needs anything, all I have to do is call one or two people and everything will get __50__”41. A. objected B. obstructed C. obliged D. observed42. A.intimately B. integrally C. intentionally D. internally43. A. less B. some C. but D.even44. A. eagerness B. pressure C. emergency D. hurry45. A. line B. cross C. span D. park46. A. by turns B. in turn C. in order D. in return47. A. lightened B. illustrated C. cleared D. widened48. A. reason B. support C. hesitation D. atmosphere49. A. status B. occasion C. surrounding D. atmosphere50. A. into control B. out of danger C. done well with D. taken care ofPART IV 阅读理解(45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)Passage oneNovember 25 is the International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women. This day was recognized by the General Assembly of the United Nations in 1999 with a view to raising public awareness of violations of the right of women. Why was this step necessary?In many cultures women are viewed and treated as inferior or as second class citizens. Prejudices against them are deep rooted. Gender base violence in all its forms is an ongoing problem, even in the so-called developed world. According to former UN Secretary General Kofi Annan,”violence against women is global in reach, and takes place in all societies and cultures. It affects women no matter what their race, social origin, birth or other status may be.”Radhika Coomaraswamy, UN expert of the Commission on Human Rights on violence against women,says in his report that for the vast majority of women, violence against women is “a taboo issue, invisible in society and a shameful fact of life.” Statistics issued by a victim study institution in Holland indicate that 23 percent of women in one South Amercian country, or about 1in 4, suffer some form of domestic violence. Likewise, the Council of Europe estimates that 1 in 4 European women suffer domestic violence during their lifetime. According to the British Home Office in England and Wales in one recent year, an average of two women each week were killed by current or former partners. The magazine India Today International reported that “for women across India, fear is constant companion and rape is the stranger they may have to confront at every corner, on any road, in any public place at any hour”. UN experts described violence against women and girl as “today’s most serious human rights challenge.”51. This passage is intended to __________.A. point out the root of violence against womenB. find solutions to violence against womenC. criticize the governments’ inaction about violence against womenD. make people better aware of violence against women52. The word “gender” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “__________”.A. raceB. societyC. cultureD. sex53. According to former UN Secretary General Kofi Annan, violence against women could be widely found __________.A. in South American countriesB. in rich countriesC. in developing countriesD. across the world54. By “violence against women is a taboo issue”, Radhika Coomaraswamy means that the vast majority of women__________.A. turn a blind eye to the problemB. don’t want to talk about the problemC. turn a deaf ear to the problemD. have been accustomed to the problem55. According to the last paragraph, violence against women is __________.A. more serious in South American countriesB. more serious in European countriesC. equally serious in South American and European countriesD. less serious in developed countries56. According to the passage, women in India __________.A. often live in the fear of violence against themB. suffer more serious domestic violenceC. must have their companions everywhereD. are facing most serious human rights challengesPassage TwoWhen you think of monkeys, you probably think of the Tropics. Few species of monkeys venture into temperate lands. Nevertheless, there are one or two notable exceptions.In the high Atlas Mountains of North Africa, where snowfall is common during the winter, small groups of Barbary apes roam through forests of cedar and oak. One isolated group of these monkeys can be found 200 miles to the north, living on the Rock of Gibraltar, at the southern most tip of Europe.How do naturalists explain this mystery? Some believe that the monkeys colonized other areas of Europe in the distant past and that those of Gibraltar are the only surviving group. Others think that Arabicor British colonizers brought them to the Rock. Legend has it that the monkeys crossed the narrow straits dividing Europe from Africa by means of a long-lost underground tunnel. Whatever their origin, they are now the only free range monkeys. The Barbary apes inhabit the pine woods that cover the upper part of the Rock. Although they number only a hundred or so, they have become “the peninsula’s most famous resdents,” according to the International Primate Protection League. Since seven million tourists visit Gibraltar every year, the mischievous monkeys have an ample food supply. Although they feed on wild plants, they have become skilled at begging and occasionally stealing food from visitors. Local authorities also provide the monkeys with fruit and vegetables.Apart from feeding, the monkeys spend 20 percent of their day grooming each other. Both male and females monkeys care for and play with the young ones. They live in close knit groups, where stress sometimes leads to confrontation. While the older monkeys use threats and screams to chase away the younger ones, they also have an unusual tooth-chattering behavior that seems to calm them down.Their arrival on Gibraltar may remain a mystery; still, these sociable monkeys add a special charm to the limestone headland that guards the entrance to the Mediterranean sea. Gibraltar would not be the same without them.57. The monkeys on the Rock of Gibraltar are special because __________.A. they live in tropic areasB. they inhabit temperate landsC. they live in forestsD. they came from North Africa58. Which of the following is NOT the possible origin of the Gibraltar monkey?A. They may be the surviving group of European.B. they may have been brought ot Gibraltar by colonizers.C. they may have come from Africa through the long- lost tunnel.D. they may have swum across the narrow straits from Africa.59. The population of “the peninsula’s most famous residents” __________.A. is growing rapidlyB. outnumbers the local peopleC. is threatened by too many visitorsD. is about five scores60. We canlearn from the 5th paragraph that Gibraltar monkeys __________.A. mainly feed on food from visitorsB. often threaten local touristsC. are very naughtyD. are raised by the local authorities61. The word “grooming” in the 6th paragraph is closest in meaning to “__________”.A. cleaningB. bitingC. fightingD. isolating62. According to the passage, __________.A. Gibraltar would be better without the monkeysB. the monkeys heve added beauty to the Rock of GibraltarC. Gibraltar monkeys and those in the high Atlas Mountains are of different speciesD. the older Gibraltar monkeys are very fierce to the younger onesPassage threeWhich would you give up: TV, Cell, or Web? From November 6 to December 3, a 1-question online poll was placed on high-traffic websites in 15 countries(Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, Gndia, Italy, N etherlands, Philippines, Russia, Singapore, Spain, United Kingdom, United States). A total of 150 respondents in each country participated in the poll. In this global survey, 11 of 15 countriessay they’dturn off the TV berfore they’d silence their cell phone or log off the Internet. Women,especially, will give up their favorite shows, voting to do so by a greater percentage than men in all but four countries. “I work 50-plus hours a week, and more importantly, the programs I watch on TV are free on the web.” Paula Kress of Georgia explains why she’d give up on TV. Younger respondents are more likely to take a pass on television, but older folks don’t necessarily stay stay away from the online experience. In Singapore, not a single person over 45 voted to stop surfing. “I’m not much for sitting in front of the screens, but I need the Internet to keep in touch with friends and family.”Hanna Larna explains why she’d keep the web and ditch TV.In the United States, people vited to give up TV, yet Americans sit in front of the flat screen for an average of four hours,37minutes a day. But if the decision had been made by respondents over 45, the cell phone would have gotten the boot instead.In Canada people voted to give up the cell. The cost effect analysis shows that people there pay some of the highest rates for their cell phone plans, which may be why they have the lowest number of cell users among the western countries polled. “I don’t want to be reachable at every moment.”is another logical explanation.Why was Brazil the only country to pick the Internet (and by such a huge margin)? Brazil has some of the lowest rates of Internet use worldwide, with just 35 users per 100 people.(The U.S. and U.K. both have 72.) Brazil’s cost to hook up is also high, about $26a month, compared with $7.4in Germany.63. what is the most important reason for Paula Kress to give up TV?A. she doesn’t have time to watch TV.B. she doesn’t like sitting in front of screens.C. she can watch TV programs on the web.D. she finds online programs more interesting.64. Survey results in Singapore show that __________.A. women watch TV programs for a longer period of time than menB. men depend as much on cell phones as women doC. younger people use cell phones more than older peopleD. older people enjoy the Internet just like the younger ones65. Which of the following phrases is closest in meaning to “get the boot”(Para. 3)?A. be dismissedB. catch onC. be favoredD. become dominant66. It is implied that among the Americans polled, there were more __________.A. menB. womenC. younger peopleD. older people67. How many countries picked the cell phone in the survey?A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 568. In the last paragraph, the author mainly __________.A. describes the findings in the Brazilian surveyB. discusses the gap between Brazil and the western worldC. presents the reasons behind the Brazilian decisionD. analyzes the development of the Internet in BrazilPassage fourToday, world leaders are discussing climates change and what—if anything—can be done to combat global warming. Extreme weather conditions have brought home the fact that our climate is changing—and changing fast. It may be easy to be fatalistic about it, but the truth is that although we humans have caused the problem, we also have the solution. “Think global and act local,”said Friends of the Earth founder David Bower. In many small but important ways we can make a difference. Here are my top tips for how to begin: Count your food miles. What you eat and where you buy it affects global emissions. Pollution from transport is the fastest growing source of carbon dioxide emissions, so it is madness to fly out-of-seasonvegetables across the world to supermarkets. We should lobby supermarkets for a system of classifying food according to the distance travelled: 0 for local food, 1 for British, 2 for Europe, and 3 for intercontinental.Turn off anything that winks at you. A video recorder on standby uses almost as much electricity as one playing a tape. Turning down the thermostat by one degree, not leaving TV and music centres on standby, turning off lights,putting lids on cooking pots, and only half-filling kettles can cut energy consumption by 30%, saving your money as well as saving the planet.Just stop using petrol. Yes you can, and the cr industry may help you. Hydrogen-powered cars are loved by car designers and could become a reality in about 10 years. Meanwhile, consider converting to liquefied petroleum gas(LPG). You won’t be alone: a new pump for this is opening every day. Meanwhile, you can cut down on conventional petrol use just by changing driving habits—no rapid acceleration, lower speeds, keeping tires at the right pressure.Well, you can always walk. Or cycle. The majority of car journeys are less than five miles and, honestly, once you’ve stepped out, you’ll find it’s really not that bad. The only energy used is your own and that’s healthy. You only have th look at the collective strength of the people’s fuel lobby to know this maked sense.These changes will save you money which you should invest in an ethical saving account. They are profitable and they putthe pressure on business to clean up its act.69. In the first paragraph, the author tries to emphasize __________.A. his concern over climate changeB. his optimism in finding a way outC. the necessary of global actionsD. the difficulty in reaching an agreement70. Which conclusion can be drawn from paragraph 2 ?A. Centralized distribution of food is highly efficient and cost-effective.B. Organic food from abroad is better than food produced locally.C. Supermarkets do a great job of offering a wide selection of goods.D. It’s better for us consumers to shop in local farmers’ markets.71. In Paragraph 3 the author tries to convey the message that __________.A. small changes in small habits can make big differencesB. it is not easy for us to reduce energy consumption at homeC. the present way of using energy leaves much to be desiredD. we individuals may not help much in fighting global warming72. At presen, to replace petrol-driven cars, people may choose cars driven by _______.A, electricity B. LPG C. hydrogen D. biofuel73. For most of the car journeys, walking or cycling __________.A. is a waste of timeB. is undesirableC. is a feasible optionD. is what people prefer74. The passage is focused on __________.A. the passage of climate change on people’s livesB. the importance of individuals improving the environmentC. the benefits of cutting energy consumptionD. the small ways that can help fight global warmingPassage fiveSome years ago, thumping, jumping noises routinely issued from the apartment upstairs as if baby elephants were competing in the 50-year dash. I went up one day to politely inquire. “No, nobady’s making noise here” the husband and wife both insisted. It must be coming from elsewhere in the building.”Two children about five years old, each holding soccer balls, stood right beside their parents. “Could thethumping be your kids running around, perhaps playing soccer?”, I asked. “Oh no, we never let the kids play in the house.”For monhs, the pattern continued: the thumping and jumping above, our delicate check-in, the denial. It got so that every time I saw the couple, I glared without a word of greeting. When they moved out of the building, the thumping stopped.I suppose I could have forgiven my neighbors and spared them the glare. After all, forgiveness is in, a trend advocated bybest-selling books, foundations and research institutes. The notion has gone well beyond spiritual leaders advising that forgiveness is good for the soul and that hard feelings will turn us bitter and hostile. Now the medical community cites studies showing that forgiveness can prevent heart attacks, lower blood pressure and even ease depression.I may be outnumbered, but I still believe in the healing power of the grudge(不满). I’ve deployed grudges with an equal-opportunity sense of fairness—against teachers and classmates,bosses and colleagues, family and friends. I’ve chosen to stop speaking to certain people permanently and occasionally even spoken ill of them—but more with disbelief than a sense of revenge. I’m neither proud nor ashamed. But I’ve discovered that nothing feels quitea as satisfying as a grudge well nursed.I’m not against forgiveness itself, I have forgiven people for rudeness as well as for deep misunderstandings and have done so without holding on to hard feelings. What I deplore is the propaganda about forgiveness. No longer an option, forgivensess is an official order. Forgiving so democratically cheapens the very act.A long standing grudge suggests that we hold certain standards, that we respect ourselves enough to reject bad behavior. Failure to forgive can be just as righteous, just as honorable as forgiveness itself.75. The author would probably describe the neighbors as __________.A. carelessB. dishonestC. ignorantD. immodest76. Paragraph 3 is focused on __________.A. how forgiveness is good for us spiritually and physicallyB. how forgiveness has become a fashionable conceptC. what has changed people’s understanding of forgivenessD. what is the true meaning and virtue of forgiveness77. By “I may be outnumbered”(Para. 4), the author means that most people in her situation would probably __________.A. tell people how bad the neighbors areB. refuse to speak to the neighborsC. try to practice forgiveness to the neighborsD. ask the neighbors for an explanation78. The author seems _________ what she always does with grudges.A. ashamed ofB. proud ofC. satisfied withD. disappointed with79. It can be learned that the author __________.A. has great difficulty forgiving peopleB. regrets failing to practice forgivenessC. wants to learn how to forgive peopleD. opposes “forgiveness without principle”80. The best title for the passage is __________.A. To Forgive is GodB. The Right Not to ForgiveC. Forgiveness in, Grudge outD. The Power of ForgivenessPART V 翻译(30 minutes, 20 points)Section A (15 minutes, 10 points)⼀、英译汉Job stress comes in different forms and affects your mind and body in different ways. Small thing can make you feel stressed, such as a copy machine that never seems to work when you need it or phones that won’t quit ringing. Major stress comes from having too much or not enough work or doing work that doesn’t satisfy you. Conflicts with your boss, coworkers, or customers are other major causes of stress.Section B (15 minutes, 10 points)⼆、汉译英⼏年来，北京部分地区的房价翻了两番，使许多年轻⼈买不起理想⼩区中的房⼦。
2011年同等学力英语真题解析
2011年同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语水平全国统一考试试题Paper One 试卷一PartⅠDialogue Communication(略）PartⅡVocabularySection A11. 【答案】A【解析】题干中的overlook意为“忽视”。
A项“忽视”；B项“预见”；C项“勘察”；D项“评定”。
只有A项与题干中画线单词意义相近。
【译文】新闻报道完全忽视了这一事件的深层政治含义。
12. 【答案】D【解析】题干中的be obliged to意为“有义务做某事”。
A项“使想起”；B项“预料”；C项“被迫”；D项“有义务”。
只有D项与题干中画线单词意义相近。
【译文】和孩子们接触的老师和护士被要求，一旦发现虐童现象就要向当局报告。
13. 【答案】A【解析】题干中的originality意为“独创性”。
A项“创造性”；B项“流行”；C项“可行性”；D项“灵活性”。
只有A项与题干中画线单词意义相近。
【译文】你的成绩在很大程度上是根据你那有创意的想法来定的。
14. 【答案】D【解析】题干中的deliberate意为“蓄意的”。
A项“神志清醒的”；B项“绝望的”“铤而走险的”；C项“笨拙的”；D项“有意的”。
只有D项与题干中画线单词意义相近。
【译文】我们认为有人蓄意策划妨碍选举并且上海选举委员会。
15. 【答案】B【解析】题干中的scarcely意为“几乎不”。
A项“只是”；B项“几乎不”；C项“差一点”；D项“明确地”。
只有B项与题干中画线单词意义相近。
【译文】我的处境如此奇怪以致于我几乎无法相信我参加了他们的聚会。
16. 【答案】B【解析】题干中的trap意为“困住”。
A项“约束”；B项“抓住”；C项“隐藏”；D项“专心于”。
只有B项与题干中画线单词意义相近。
【译文】烟雾微粒和其他空气污染物往往被困在大气中，这样就形成了“脏雾”。
17. 【答案】C【解析】题干中的hazardous意为“有危险的”。
同等学力申硕英语词汇L-Q
同等学力申硕英语词汇带音标、释义完美整理版（3）L*label ['leibl] n.标签，标记vt.贴标签于*labo(u)r ['leib☜] n.劳动；工人v.劳动；费力地前进laboratory/lab[●☜♌❒☜♦❒♓][●✌♌] n. 实验室lace [leis]n.(网眼)花边；鞋(系)带vt.用系带束紧*lack [læk] v./n.缺乏，缺少，短缺lad[læd]n.少年,小伙子；(口)伙伴,老朋友；(英)管赛马房的马夫；(俚)情人*ladder ['læd☜] n.梯子，阶梯lady ['leidi] n.夫人，女士；(pl.)女盥洗室*lag [læg] n.落后，滞后vi.落后，走得慢lake [leik] n.湖，湖泊lamb [læm] n.小羊，羔羊；羔羊肉lame[●♏♓❍] a. 跛的,瘸的,残废的lamp [læmp] n.灯*land [lænd] n.陆地；土地；国家v.使…着陆landlord ['lændl :d] n.地主，房东landmark ['lænd mɑ:k] n.[航]陆标；界标；里程碑；纪念碑a.有重大意义或影响的landmine['lændmain] n.地雷，投伞水雷landscape ['lændskeip] n.风景，景色；风景画，风景照片lane [lein] n.小路，小巷；车道，跑道language[ ●✌☠♑♦♓♎✞]n.语言lantern ['lænt☜n] n.灯笼lap [læp] n.膝部；(跑道的)一圈laptop['læp t p] n.便携式电脑*large [lɑ:d✞] a.大的n.大[只用于短语]laser ['leiz☜] n.激光lash[l✌☞]v.系牢；鞭打；猛烈抨击n.鞭打；眼睫毛*last [lɑ:st] a.最后的；最近的ad.最后(地) vi.持续*late [leit] a.迟的；晚期的；最近的ad.迟，晚*lately ['leitli] ad.最近，近来，不久前later ['leit☜] ad.后来，过一会儿Latin['lætn] n.拉丁文；拉丁语，拉丁文学；拉丁美洲人；拉丁姆人a.拉丁的，拉丁语的；古罗马的；拉丁姆的；拉丁美洲的latitude['l✌titju:d]n.纬度[ pl.]纬度地区；回旋余地，自由*latter ['læt☜] a.后面的；后一半的n.后者*laugh [lɑ:f] v.笑n.笑(声)laughable ['læf☜b☜l, 'lɑ:f☜-] a.有趣的，逗人笑的；好笑；可笑laughter ['lɑ:ft☜] n.笑，笑声*launch[●⏹♦☞ ●⏹♦☞]vt.使(船)下水；发射(导弹) n.发射laundry ['l :ndri] n.洗衣店；洗好的衣服，洗涤lavatory ['læv☜t☜ri] n.盥洗室，厕所*law [l :] n.法律；法规，法制；定律，规律lawful ['l :f☜l] a.合法的，法定的lawn [l :n] n.草地，草坪lawsuit ['l : su:t] n.诉讼；诉讼案件lawyer ['l :j☜] n.律师*lay [lei] v.放置；覆盖；安置；产卵layer ['lei☜] n.层(次)layman['leim☜n]n.门外汉，外行layoff['lei f]n.(尤指临时)解雇layout ['leiaut] n.布局，安排，设计*lazy ['leizi] a.懒惰的，懒散的*lead [li:d] v.领导；为…带路；导致n.领导1leader ['li:d☜] n.领袖，领导者leadership ['li:d☜☞ip] n.领导leading ['li:di☠] a.最重要的，首位的；领导的leaf [li:f] n.叶(子)；张，页；薄金属片leaflet ['li:flit] n.传单league [li:g] n.同盟，联盟；协会，社团leak [li:k] vi.漏；泄露出去n.漏洞；泄露*lean [li:n] vi.倾斜；屈身；靠a.无油脂的,瘦的leap [li:p] v.跳，跃；跃过n.跳跃；飞跃*learn [l☜:n] v.学习，学会；得知，获悉；记住learned ['l☜:nid] a.博学的，有学问的learning['l☜:ni☠] n.学问，学术，知识;v.学习（learn的现在分词）lease [li:s] n.租约，契约*least [li:st] a.最小的ad.最少n.最小leather ['leð☜] n.皮革*leave [li:v] vt.离开；留下；遗留vi.离开n.许可*lecture [ ●♏♦☞☜]n./v.演讲，讲课*left [left] a.左边的ad.向左n.左面；(L-)左派left-handed[ ●♏♐♦♒✌⏹♎♓♎] a. 惯用左手的leftist ['leftist] n.左派的人；急进派；左撇子a.左派的；左撇子的；激进的leg [leg] n.腿(部)*legal ['li:gl] a.法律(上)的；法定的，合法的legalization [ li:gəlai'zei☞☜n] n.合法化，认可legend['led✞☜nd]n.传说，传奇；传奇文学；传奇性人物或事件legislation [ led✞is'lei☞☜n] n.立法；法规，法律legislative [ led✞i'sleitiv] adj.（关于）立法的；立法决定的；有权立法的，用以立法的；立法机构的；n.立法权；立法机关legislator [ led✞i'sleitə] n.立法委员；立法者legitimate [li'd✞itimit]a.合情合理的；合法的vt.使合法leisure ['le✞☜] n.空闲时间，闲暇；悠闲，安逸lemon[ ●♏❍☜⏹] n.柠檬；柠檬汁*lend [lend] vt.把…借给，贷给，出借*length [●♏☠] n.长(度)，距离；一段，一节lengthy['●♏☠♓]adj.长的，漫长的；冗长的；啰唆的（演说，文章等）lens [lenz] n.透镜，镜头lesbian['lezbi☜n] a.女同性恋的；莱斯博斯岛的；n.女同性恋者；莱斯博斯岛人*less [les] a./ad.更少的(地)；较次(劣)的(地)*lesson ['lesn] n.课业，功课，课程；教训，经验lest [lest] conj.唯恐，免得*let [let] vt.让,允许；设,使；出租letter ['let☜] n.字母，文字；信，函件*level ['lev☜l] n.水平面；等级a.平的，水平的lever ['li:v☜]n.杠杆；控制杆，推杆levy['levi]vt.征收(税等) n.征税，税款liability [ lai☜'biliti]n.责任，义务；(pl.)债务；倾向liable ['lai☜bl] a.常患…的；有…倾向的；有偿付责任的liaison ['li:ei z n, li:'ei-] n.联络，联络人；[语]连音；(尤指一方或双方已婚的)私通；[烹]加浓料liar ['lai☜] n.说谎者liberal ['lib☜r☜l] a.自由主义的；大方的；心胸开阔的liberate ['lib☜reit] v.解放，使获得自由；释出，放出*liberty ['lib☜ti] n.自由，释放；(pl.)准许(权)，许可librarian [●♋♓♌❒☪☯❒♓☜⏹] n.图书馆馆长(或管理员)library ['laibr☜ri] n.图书馆，图书室；藏书license/-ence ['lais☜ns] n.执照；许可vt.批准，发给…执照2lick [lik] n./vt.舔lid [lid] n.盖(子)*lie [lai] vi.躺，平放；位于，在于v.说谎n.谎话lieutenant [lef'ten☜nt]n.陆军中尉；海军上尉*life [laif] n.生命；生物；寿命；生活lifetime ['laiftaim] n.终生, 一生*lift [lift] v.提升；(尤指云、雾)消散n.举起；电梯*light [lait] n.光v.点燃；照亮 a.轻的；不费力的lightning ['laitni☠] n.闪电lightweight['lait weit] a.轻量的；不重要的;n.轻量级选手；不重要的人*like [laik] a.相像的prep.像，和…一样v.喜欢，希望*likelihood[ ●♋♓●♓♒◆♎]n.可能, 可能性*likely ['laikli] a.很可能的ad.可能地*likewise ['laikwaiz] ad.同样地，也*limb [lim] n.肢，臂，翼*limit ['limit] n.界限vt.限制，限定limitation [ limi'tei☞☜n] n.限制，限度；局限，弱点limited ['limitid] a.小的，有限的limp [limp] vi.蹒跚，一瘸一拐地走a.软弱的line [lain] n.线；电线；路线vt.(使)排成行linear ['lini☜]a.线的，直线的，线状的；长度的；线性的linen['linin]n.日用织品，亚麻织品；亚麻布liner ['lain☜] n.班船，班机linger['li☠g☜]vi.逗留，留恋徘徊；继续存留，缓慢消失linguistic[li☠'gwistik]a.语言的，语言学的*link [li☠k] n.环，联系vi.连接，联系lion ['lai☜n] n.狮子lip [lip] n.嘴唇lipstick['lip stik]n.唇膏，口红liquid ['likwid] n.液体a.液体的，液态的liquor ['lik☜] n.酒*list[●♓♦♦]n.目录，名单，表v.列表，排列*listen ['lis☜n] vi.听；听信，听从liter/tre ['li:t☜] n.升literacy['lit☜r☜si]n.识字，有文化，读写能力literal['lit☜r☜l]a.照字面的，原义的；逐字的literally ['lit☜r☜li]n.逐字地，照字面地；真正地；简直literary [ ●♓♦☜❒☜❒♓]a.文学的，从事写作的literature[ ●♓♦☜❒♓♦☞☜] n.文学(作品)；文献，图书资料litter['lit☜]n.废弃物；一窝；杂乱的东西v.乱扔东西*little ['litl] a.小的；不多的n.几乎没有ad.毫不*live [liv] v.居住；生存a.有生命的ad.实况地livelihood ['laivlihud] n.生计，谋生之道lively ['laivli] a.活泼的；逼真的liver ['liv☜] n.肝(脏)living ['livi☠] a.活着的n.生活，生计living-room ['livi☠'ru:m]n.客厅，起居室*load [●☜◆♎] v.装载n.装载量；负荷loaf [l☜uf] n.一条(面包)*loan [l☜un] n.贷款，暂借v.借出，贷于lobby ['l bi] n.门厅，(饭店等)接待厅*local [ ●☜◆☜●]a.当地的，地方的，本地的；局部的locality[l☜u'k✌liti]n.地区，地点*locate[●☜◆♏♓♦]vt.把…设置在；探明location[●☜◆♏♓☞☜⏹] n.位置，场所*lock [l k] n.锁v.(被)锁上locomotive[ l☜uk☜'m☜utiv]n.机车，火车头a.运动的；运载的3locust[ ●☜◆☜♦♦]n. 蝗虫lodge [l d✞] vt.供…以临时住宿vi.寄宿lofty['l fti]a.高傲的；崇高的；高耸的log [l g] n.原木，圆木；航海(飞行)日志*logic [ ●♎✞♓]n.逻辑(学)；逻辑性*logical [ ●♎✞♓☜●]a.逻辑的，合乎逻辑的logo['l☜◆g☜◆] n.（某公司或机构的）标识，标志，徽标；logotype的缩略形式；[计算机] LOGO 教学语言；儿童教学语言*lonely [ ●☜◆⏹●♓]a.孤独的，寂寞的；荒凉的，人迹稀少的*long[●☠]a.长(的)；长时间的ad.长期地vi.渴望longitude['l nd✞itju:d]n.经度*look [luk] vi.看；看起来n.看；外表，脸色*loom[●◆❍]vi.阴森地逼近，隐现；即将来临；n.织布机loop[lu:p] n.圈，环；[医]宫内避孕环；回路；弯曲部分vt.& vi.（使）成环，（使）成圈；以环连结；使翻筋斗*loose [lu:s] a.松的，宽松的v.释放，解开loosen ['lu:s☜n] v.解开，放松，松驰lord [l :d] n.贵族，老爷；领主，君主；(L-)上帝lorry ['l ri] n.卡车，货运汽车*lose [lu:z] vt.丢失；迷路；输掉vi.亏本；失败*loss [l s] n.遗失；亏损；失败*lot [l t] n.许多，大量；签，抽签*loud [laud] a./ad.大声的(地)，响亮的(地)lounge[laund✞] n.休息厅；客厅；（机场等的）等候室vi.闲逛；懒洋洋地躺vt.懒洋洋地打发（时间）；虚度光阴*love [l✈v] vt.爱；爱好n.爱，爱情，喜欢lovely ['l✈vli] a.美丽的，可爱的；有趣的，令人愉快的lover ['l✈v☜] n.爱好者；情人*low [l☜u] a.低的，矮的；低下的，低等的*lower [ ●☜◆☜] a.较低的，下等的vt.放下，放低*loyal [ ●♓☜●]a.忠诚的，忠实的*loyalty[ ●♓☜●♦♓] n.忠诚，忠心lubricate ['lu:brikeit] vt.润滑，加润滑油*luck[●✈] n.运气；幸运，好运*lucky ['l✈ki] a.幸运的，吉祥的，侥幸的luggage[ ●✈♑♓♎✞]n.行李luminous['lu:min☜s]a.发光的，发亮的，光明的lump [l✈mp] n.块；肿块vt.把…归并到一起lunar ['lu:n☜] a.月球的，按月球运转而测定的lunch [l✈nt☞] n.午餐，便饭luncheon['l✈nt☞☜n] n.午餐；午餐会；午宴；两餐之间吃的一点食物lung [●✈☠]n.肺lure [lju☜, lu☜] n.吸引人的东西，诱惑物vt.引诱，吸引luxury ['l✈k☞☜ri] n.奢侈(品)，豪华Mmachine [❍☜☞♓⏹] n.机器，机械machinery [m☜'☞i:n☜ri] n.(总称)机械，机器；机构*mad [mæd] a.疯的；恼火的；狂热的,着迷的madam ['mæd☜m] n.(对妇女的尊称)女士，夫人magazine [mæg☜'zi:n] n.杂志, 期刊*magic ['mæd✞ik] n.魔力；魔术a.有魔力的，不可思议的magistrate['m✌d✞istreit, -strit]n.行政长官；治安法官magnet ['mægnit] n.磁体，磁铁magnetic [mæg'netik] a.磁性的；有吸引力的magnificent [mæg'nifis☞nt] a.壮丽的，宏伟的magnify ['mægnifai] vt.放大，扩大；夸张magnitude ['mægnitju:d] n.巨大，重大；大小，数量4maid [meid] n.少女，未婚女子；女仆*mail [meil] n.邮件，信件vt.邮寄mailbox ['meilb ks] n.邮筒，邮箱*main [mein] a.主要的，最重要的n.干线脇mainland ['meinl✌nd] n.大陆，本土mainstream ['meinstri:m]n.主流*maintain [mein'tein] vt.维持保持；保养维修；坚持，主张majesty ['m✌d✞isti]n.[M-]陛下；雄伟，壮丽，庄严major [ ❍♏♓♎✞☜] a.较重要的n.主修课程；少校vi.(in)主修*majority [❍☜♎✞❒♓♦♓]n.多数，大多数*make [meik] v.制造；使；迫使；获得；等于makeup ['meik✈p] n.化装品*male [meil] n./a.男性(的)，雄性(的)malicious[❍☜●♓☞☜♦]a.恶意的，心毒的mall [m :l, m✌l]n.(由许多商店组成的)购物中心malpractice [m✌l'pr✌♦i♦]n.不法行为man [mæn] n.男人；人，人类*manage ['mænid✞] v.管理，经营；设法(做到、完成)；处理management ['mænid✞m☜nt] n.管理，经营；管理人员manager ['mænid✞☜] n.经理，主管人managerial [ mæn☜'d✞i☜❒♓☜●]a.经理的maneuver/manoeuvre[m☜'nu:v☜]n.策略[ pl.]演习v.(巧妙)控制；用策略*manifest[ ❍✌⏹♓♐♏♦♦]a.明显的，明了的；vt.显示，证明，表明；使显现，使显露*manipulate [m☜'nipjuleit] vt.操纵，利用，操作，巧妙地处理mankind [mæn'kaind] n.人类manly ['mænli] a.有男子气概的ad.男子般地，果断地man-made[ ❍✌⏹ ❍♏♓♎]a. 人造的,人工的*manner ['mæn☜] n.方式；态度,举止；(pl.)礼貌mansion['m✌n☞☜n]n.大厦，(豪华的)宅邸*manual ['mænju☜l] a.手工的；体力的n.手册，指南*manufacture [❍✌⏹◆♐✌♦☞☜]v.(大量)制造杜撰n.制造(pl.)制品manufacturer [mænju'fækt☞☜❒☜] n.生产厂商，制造公司，厂主manuscript ['mænjuskript] n.手稿，原稿*many ['meni] a.许多的，多的pron.许多人或物，许多map [mæp] n.图，地图marble ['mɑ:bl] n.大理石March [mɑ:t☞] n.三月*march [mɑ:t☞] v./n.行进，进军*margin ['mɑ:d✞in] n.页边，边缘；余地marginal ['mɑ:d✞in☜l]a.微小的；仅以微弱多数获胜的；有旁注的marine [m☜'ri:n] a.海的；航海的n.水兵；船舶，海运业*mark [mɑ:k] n.痕迹；记号；(考试)分数v.弄污；标志market ['mɑ:kit] n.市场，集市；销路，需求vt.销售*marriage ['mærid✞] n.结婚，婚姻；婚礼*married[ ❍✌❒♓♎]a.已婚的, 婚姻的*marry ['mæri] vt.同…结婚marsh [mɑ:☞] n.沼泽，湿地marshal ['mɑ:☞☜l]n.元帅；总指挥；(美)执法官vt.整理，集结martyr['mɑ:♦☜]n.烈士，牺牲者；殉道者，殉教者；vt.牺牲，为信仰而受难或殉难marvel(l)ous ['mɑ:v☜l☜s] a.奇异的；了不起的Marxist ['mɑ:ksist] a.马克思主义者masculine['m✌skjulin]a.男性的，男子的；男子气的mask [mɑ:sk] n.面具，面罩*mass [mæs] n.(大的)团，块；大量，众多；(pl.)群众5massacre ['m✌s☜k☜]n./vt.大屠杀massive ['mæsiv] a.巨大的；大量的；魁伟的*master ['mɑ:st☜] n.主人；能手；(M-)硕士vt.掌握；控制masterful['mɑ:st☜♐◆●]a.好支配别人的，专横的mastermind['mɑ:st☜❍♋♓⏹♎]vt.策划masterpiece ['m✌st☜pi:s , 'mɑ:st☜pi:s]n. 杰作mat [mæt] n.席子，垫子*match [mæt☞] n.火柴；比赛；对手v.(和…)相配mate [meit] n.伙伴；配偶v.使…配对material [❍☜♦♓☜❒♓☜●] n.物质；素材,题材a.物质的maternity[❍☜♦☜⏹♓♦♓]n.母性，母道；怀孕mathematical[❍✌♓❍✌♦♓●]a.数学的，数学上的；精确的；可能性极小的mathematics [mæθ♓'mætiks] n.数学*matter ['mæt☜] n.事情，问题；毛病，麻烦；物质，物品*mature[❍☜♦◆☜]a.成熟的；理智的；慎重的v.成熟maturity [m☜'tju☜riti] n.成熟；完成；(支票、债券等)到期maximize [ ❍✌♦♓❍♋♓]vt.使达最大或最高限度，增加(扩大)到最大值；非常重视，完全运用；求…最大值；vi.广义阐述；达到最大值，最大化maximum [ ❍✌♦♓❍☜❍]n.最大量最高值a.最大的，最高的May [mei] n.五月*may [mei] aux.v.可能，也许；可以，被允许；祝，愿*maybe ['meibi:] ad.可能，也许mayor ['m☪☜] n.市长me [mi:, mi] pron.[I的宾格]我meadow ['med☜u]n.草地meal [mi:l] n.一餐，膳食*mean [mi:n] v.表…的意思；意为,意欲；意味着meaning ['mi:ni☠] n.意义，意思；重要性，目的*means [mi:nz] n.手段，方法；财产，收入*meantime ['mi:ntaim] n.其时，在此期间ad.同时，当时*meanwhile ['mi:n'wail] ad.当时，与此同时measurable[ ❍♏✞☜❒☜♌●]a.可测量的,可度量的；重要的,不容忽视的*measure[ ❍♏✞☜]n.量度；措施vt.量vi.有…长measurement ['me✞☜m☜nt] n.测量，衡量；尺寸，大小meat [mi:t] n.肉*mechanic [mi'kænik] n.技工，机械工人mechanical [mi'kænik☜l] a.机械的mechanics[mi'kænik♦]n.力学；机械制造学；制造方法，构成法mechanism ['mek☜nizm] n.机械装置；机构，结构medal ['medl] n.奖章，勋章，纪念章*media[ ❍♓♎☜]n.媒体*mediate[ ❍♓♎♓♓♦ ♎☜♦]v.仲裁,调停,作为引起…的媒介,居中调停mediator['midieit☜]n.调解人，中间人；垂直的中线*medical ['medik☜l] a.医学的，医疗的Medicare [medi'k☪☜] n.医疗保险制度medicine [ ❍♏♎♓♦♓⏹] n.药；医学，医术medieval [ medi'i:v☜l]a.中世纪的，中古(时代)的medium [ ❍♓♎☜❍]a.中等的n.媒介物；中间，适中*meet [mi:t] v.遇到；会见；遭到；满足n.聚会meeting ['mi:ti☠] n.会议，聚会melody ['mel☜di]n.曲调，旋律*melt [melt] v.(使)融化，(使)熔化；消散，消失member ['memb☜] n.成员，会员membership ['memb☜☞ip] n.成员资格，会员资格6memorandum [mem☜'rænd☜m] n.备忘录memorial [❍♓❍❒♓☜●] a.纪念物，纪念碑，纪念馆；纪念仪式*memorize/-ise[ ❍♏❍☜❒♋♓]v．记忆，熟记，背熟*memory ['mem☜ri] n.记忆，记忆力；回忆，怀念；存储(器) menace ['men☜s]vt./ n.有危险性的人(或物)；威胁，威吓*mend [mend] vt.修理，修补，缝补；纠正n.修补，补钉*mental ['mentl] a.心智的，精神的；神经不正常的*mention [ ❍♏⏹☞☜⏹] v.提到，谈到n.提述，提及menu ['menju:] n.菜单merchant [ ❍☜♦☞☜⏹♦] n.商人mercury ['m☜:kjuri]n.水银(柱)，汞；(the M-)水星*mercy [ ❍☜♦♓]n.怜悯，宽恕，仁慈*mere[❍♓☜]a.仅仅，只不过merge [m☜:d✞]v.合并，结合，融合merger ['m☜:d✞☜] n.(企业等的)合并merit ['merit] n.优点；功劳；价值v.应得；值得*merry ['meri] a.愉快的，欢乐的mess [mes] n.混乱，混杂，脏乱*message ['mesid✞] n.消息，信息，口信；启示，要旨messenger ['mesind✞☜] n.送信人，使者*metal ['metl] n.金属，合金meter/-tre ['mi:t☜] n.米，公尺；仪表，计量器*method [ ❍♏☜♎]n.方法，办法methodology [mi ☜'d l☜d✞i]n.(研究某一学科的)一套方法metric ['metrik] a.公制的，米制的metropolitan[ metr☜'p lit☜n] n./a.大城市(的)microcomputer [ ❍♋♓❒☜◆☜❍☐◆♦☜]n.微型电子计算机microphone ['maikr☜f☜un] n.麦克风，扩音器microscope[ ❍♋♓❒☜♦☜◆☐]n.显微镜microwave ['maikr☜weiv] n.微波midday ['middei] n.正午，中午*middle ['midl] n.中间；中等物 a.中间的；中等的midnight ['midnait] n.午夜，子夜midst['midst]n.中部，中间，当中Midwest ['midwest]n.美国的中西部midwife ['midwaif]n.助产士*might [mait] aux.v.[may的过去式] n.力量，威力migrant['maigr☜nt]n.移居者，移民；候鸟，迁移动物*migrate [mai'greit] v.迁移，迁居；定期移栖*mild [maild] a.温柔的文雅的；轻微的；(烟、酒)味淡的mile [mail] n.英里milestone ['mailst☜un] n.里程碑militant['milit☜nt]a.激进的，好斗的n.激进分子，斗士*military[ ❍♓●♓♦☜❒♓] a.军事的，军用的；军队的n.军队militia [mi'li☞☜] n.民兵milk [milk] n.牛奶，乳v.挤奶milky ['milki] a.牛奶的，多奶的；乳白色的mill [mil] n.磨坊，面粉厂；工厂，车间miller ['mil☜] n.磨坊主millimeter/-tre ['mili mi:t☜] n.毫米million ['milj☜n] num.百万，百万个；n.(pl.)无数millionaire [ milj☜'ne☜]n.百分富翁*mind [maind] n.头脑；记忆；注意v.注意；介意；照料mine [main] pron.[I的物主代词]我的n.矿v.开矿mineral [ ❍♓⏹☜❒☜●] n./a.矿物(的)mingle['mi☠g☜l]vt.使混合，使相混vi.混合起来；相交往7miniature ['mini☜t☞☜] n./a.缩小(的)，缩微minibus[ mini b✈s] n. 小型公共汽车minimal ['minim☜l]a.最小的，最低限度的*minimize /-ise['minimaiz] vt.将减到最少，使降到最低*minimum ['minim☜m] n.最小量，最低限度minister ['minist☜] n.部长，大臣ministry ['ministri] n.(政府的)部*minor ['main☜] a.较小的；不严重的n.未成年人minority [mai'n☜riti] n.少数；少数民族mint[mint]n.薄荷；铸币厂vt.铸造(硬币)；创造(词等)minus ['main☜s] a.减的，负的prep.减去n.减号，负号*minute ['minit, mai'nju:t]n.分；一会儿；(pl.)会议记录a.微小的*miracle ['mir☜kl] n.奇迹，令人惊奇的人或事*mirror ['mir☜] n.镜子；反映，反射vt.反映，反射miserable ['miz☜r☜bl] a.悲惨的，痛苦的；可怜的，糟糕的misery ['miz☜ri] n.痛苦，悲惨misfortune[mis'f :t☞☜n]n.不幸，厄运，逆境；不幸事故，灾难misguide[mis'gaid]vt.误入歧途mislead[mis'li:d]vt.误导，引入歧途*miss [mis] n.(M-)小姐v.错过，未赶上；惦念，想念missile ['misail] n.导弹missing ['misi☠] a.失踪的，欠缺的，不在的mission ['mi☞☜n] n.使命，任务；代表团missionary['mi☞☜n☜ri]n.传教士mist[❍♓♦♦] n. 雾*mistake [mis'teik] n.错误，误解v.弄错mister['mist☜]n.先生；平民，小民；vt.称呼…为先生mistress ['mistris] n.女主人，主妇；情妇misunderstand (misunderstood)[❍♓♦✈⏹♎☜♦♦✌⏹♎][ ❍♓♦✈⏹♎☜♦♦◆♎] vt.误解，误会，曲解*mix [miks] v.混合；交往n.混合物；迷糊；混合*mixture[ ❍♓♦♦☞☜]n.混合物；混合，混杂mo(u)ld[m☜ud]n.模子，铸模；性格，气质，脾气；霉菌；活土，壤土；vi.塑成；塑造，形成(性格，行为等) moan[m☜un]n.呻吟声，悲叹声，抱怨声v.呻吟；抱怨mob [m b]n.暴民，乌合之众vt.成群围住，聚众袭击mobile ['m☜ubail] a.可移动的；易变的n.活动装置mobilize/-ise ['m☜ubilaiz] v.动员mock [m k] n.嘲弄，嘲笑*mode [m☜ud] n.方式，方法；样式，型*model ['m dl] n.模型，原型；模特儿；模范，榜样；样式modem ['m☜udem] n.调制解调器*moderate[ ❍♎☜❒♓♦]a.中等的温和的有节制的n.温和主义者moderator[ ❍♎☜❒♓♦☜]n.调解人，仲裁人；调制器*modern[ ❍♎☜⏹]a.现代的，近代的；新式的，时新的*modernize/-ise[ ❍♎☜☎✆⏹♋♓]v.使现代化*modest[ ❍♎♓♦♦] a.谦虚的，客气的；适度的modesty ['m disti] n.谦逊**modify [ ❍♎♓♐♓]vt.修改，变更；缓和，减轻module ['m dju:l] n.模数，模距；太空舱moist [m ist] a.潮湿的，微湿的moisture ['m ist☞☜] n.潮湿，湿度molecule ['m likju:l] n.分子*moment [ ❍☜◆❍☜⏹♦]n.片刻，瞬间；某一个特定时刻momentary['m☜um☜nt☜❒♓]a.刹那间的，顷刻的，短暂的momentum[m☜u'ment☜m] n.气势，冲力；动量Monday ['m✈ndi] n.星期一monetary['m✈nit☜ri]a.钱的，货币的，金融的8*money ['m✈ni] n.货币；财富，金钱*monitor[ ❍⏹♓♦☜] n.班长；监视器，监护仪v.监听，监控monkey [ ❍✈☠♓]n.猴子monopoly [m☜'n p☜li]n.垄断，独占；垄断商品monster ['m nst☜] n.怪物，妖怪*monthly[ ❍✈⏹●♓]a.每月的ad.每月一次n.月刊monument ['m njum☜nt] n.纪念物，纪念碑，纪念馆；遗迹*mood [mu:d] n.情绪，心境；心境不佳moon [mu:n] n.月亮，月球；月光；卫星moon-cake月饼*moral[ ❍❒☜●]a.道德上的n.道德，伦理；寓意morality [m ?'ræliti] n.道德，品行*more[❍]a.更多的；另外的n.更多数量ad.更；另外*moreover[❍❒☜◆☜]ad.此外，而且morning ['m :ni☠] n.早晨，上午mortal ['m :tl] a.致命的；终有一死的；人世间的mortgage ['m :gid✞n.抵押；抵押契据vt.抵押mosquito [❍☜♦♓♦☜◆]n.蚊子most [m☜ust] a.最多的；大部分的pron.最大量ad.最mostly ['m☜ustli] ad.主要地，多半，通常motel [m☜u'tel] n.(附有停车场的)汽车旅馆mother ['m✈ð☯] n.妈妈，母亲motherhood[ ❍✈❆☯♒◆♎]n.母性，母亲身份*motion [ ❍☜◆☞☜⏹] n.移动；手势；(会上)提议v.打手势，示意*motivate[ ❍☜◆♦♓♏♓♦]vt.激励，鼓励；作为…的动机，促动motive ['m☜utiv] n.动机，目的；(作品的)主题motor [ ❍☜◆♦☜] n.电动机，马达；机动车，汽车motorbike[ ❍☜◆♦☜♌♋♓]n. 摩托车motorway ['❍☜◆♦☜wei] n.高速公路，快车道*mount [maunt] vi.增长vt.登上；扶上马(车) n.…山峰mountain ['mauntin] n.山，高山；(pl.)山脉；大量mountainous[ ❍♋◆⏹♦♓⏹☜♦]a. 多山的mourn[m :n]v.哀悼；(对…)感到痛心(或遗憾)mouse [maus] n.老鼠；胆小怕事的人；鼠标moustache[m☜'stɑ:☞]n.髭，八字须mouth [mauθ] n.口，嘴vt.夸大地说*move [mu:v] vt.移动；感动vi.移动；运行n.走棋；步骤movement ['mu:vm☜nt] n.运动；举动；(群众性)运动movie ['mu:vi] n.影片，电影院*much[❍✈♦☞]a.许多的pron.许多ad.很；几乎，大概mud [m✈d] n.泥，泥浆muddy ['m✈di]a.多泥的；混浊的；糊涂的mug [m✈g] n.(有柄的)大杯multicultural [m✈lti'k✈lt☞☜rl] a.多种文化的，融有多种文化的multilateral [m✈lti'l✌t☜rl] a.多边的，多国参加的multinational[m✈lti'n✌☞☜nl] a.多国的，跨国的，多民族的multiple ['m✈ltipl] a.复合的；多样的，多重的n.倍数*multiply [ ❍✈●♦♓☐●♋♓]v.乘；做乘法；增加*multitude ['m✈ltitju:d]n.众多，大量；大群，大众municipal[mju:'nisip☜l]a.市的，市政的*murder [ ❍☜♎☜]n.谋杀；谋杀罪vt.谋杀，屠杀；破坏murmur['m☜:m☜]v.／n.小声说(话)；小声抱怨，咕哝muscle ['m✈sl] n.肌肉；体力，力量muscular['m✈skjul☜]a.肌肉发达的，强壮的；(有关)肌(肉)的museum [mju:'zi☜m] n.博物馆mushroom [ ❍✈☞❒◆❍] n.蘑菇music ['mju:zik] n.音乐，乐曲musical ['mju:zik☜l] a.音乐的；悦耳的n.音乐喜剧9musician [mju:'zi☞☜n] n.音乐家，乐师，作曲家*must [m✈st] aux.v.必须，应当；必定会；很可能簗mute [mju:t] a.哑，缄默n.哑巴；弱音器mutter ['m✈t☜] v.喃喃说出(不满、怨言等) n.嘟哝*mutual [ ❍◆♦◆☜●] a.相互的，彼此的；共同的my [mai] pron.[I的所有格]我的myself [mai'self] pron.[反身代词]我自己；我亲自*mysterious[❍♓♦♦♓☜❒♓☜♦]a.神秘的；难理解的*mystery [ ❍♓♦♦☜❒♓]n.神秘，奥秘；神秘的事物myth [miθ] n.神话Nnail[⏹♏♓●]n. 钉,钉子naive[na:'i:v]a.幼稚的，轻信的；天真的*naked[ ⏹♏♓♓♎]a.裸体的，裸露的；无掩饰的，未遮盖的name[⏹♏♓❍]n.名，名字，名称，姓名；名声，名誉；名人namely[ ⏹♏♓❍●♓]ad.即，就是，换句话说napkin ['n✌pkin]n.餐巾narrative ['n✌r☜tiv]n.叙述文，故事；叙述，讲述*narrow[ ⏹✌❒☜◆]a.狭窄的；范围小的；眼光短浅的，有偏见的*nasty[ ⏹♦♦♓]a.极令人不快的；很脏的；危险的nation[ ⏹♏♓☞☜⏹]n. 民族,国家*national[ ⏹✌☞☜⏹●]n.国民(指侨居国外的)；a.全国性的；国内的；民族的；国有的nationalism[ ⏹✌☞☜⏹☜●♓❍]n.民族自尊心，爱国心，国家主义，民族主义，国家独立主义nationalist[ ⏹✌☞⏹☜●♓♦♦]n.国家主义者，民族主义者；a. 国家主义的，民族主义的nationality[⏹✌☞☜⏹✌●♓♦♓]n. 国籍*native[ ⏹♏♓♦♓]a.出生地的；本土的；天生的；n.本地人，本国人；土著*natural[ ⏹✌♦☞☜❒☜●]a.自然界的，天然的；正常的，惯常的；天赋的，天生的*nature[ ⏹♏♓♦☞☜]n.自然界，大自然；性质，本性naval[ ⏹♏♓●]a. 海军的，军舰的navigation[ ⏹✌♓♑♏♓☞⏹]n.航行，航海，航空；领航，导航，指引行车路线；航运，水上运输navy[ ⏹♏♓♓]n. 海军*near[⏹♓☜]a.近的；亲密的 ad.接近，靠近；差不多，大约prep./v.靠近nearby[ ⏹♓☜♌♋♓] a. 附近的*nearly[ ⏹♓☜●♓]ad.几乎，差不多*neat[⏹♓♦]a.整洁的；匀称的；纯净的necessarily[ ⏹♏♦♓♦☜❒♓●♓] ad. 必定地,必然地*necessary[ ⏹♏♦♓♦☜❒♓]a.必要的；必然的 n.(pl.)必需品necessitate [ni'sesiteit]vt.使成为必要，需要*necessity[⏹♓♦♏♦♓♦♓]n.需要；必然(性)；必需品neck[⏹♏]n. 颈,脖子*need[⏹♓♎]n./v.需要，缺少 aux.v.需要，必需needle[ ⏹♓♎●]n. 针*negative[ ⏹♏♑☜♦♓]a.否定的；拒绝的；反面的，消极的；阴性的；负的；n.底片；负数*neglect[⏹♓♑●♏♦]vt.疏忽，忽视，忽略neglectful[⏹♓♑●♏♦♐◆●]a. 疏忽的，不留心的negligible ['neglid✞☜b☜l]a.可忽略不计的，微不足道的negotiable[⏹♓♑☜◆☞☜♌●]a.可谈判的，可商量的；可通行的，可应付的，可兑现的(支票等)10negotiate[⏹♓♑☜◆☞♓♏♓♦]vt.谈判，协商，商谈；商定，达成协议；处理，解决；vi.商议negotiation[⏹♓♑☜◆☞♓♏♓☞⏹]n.谈判，协商，商谈Negro[ ⏹♓♑❒☜◆]n.黑人，黑人后裔neighbo(u)r[ ⏹♏♓♌☜] n. 邻居,邻人neighbo(u)rhood[ ⏹♏♓♌☜♒◆d]n. 四邻;邻近地区*neither[ ⏹♓❆☜]a.(两者)都不； prep.两者中无一；conj.也不nerve[ ⏹☜☜♦] a. 紧张不安的*nervous[ ⏹☜☜♦]a.紧张不安的，害怕的；神经(方面)的nest[⏹♏♦♦] n. 巢; 窝net[⏹♏♦]n. 网network[ ⏹♏♦♦☜] n. 网络,网状系统neutral[ ⏹◆♦❒☜●]a.中间有；浅色的，无色的，非彩色的；中性的，中和的；n.中立国.neutralize[ ⏹◆♦❒☜●♋♓]vt.使中立，使无效，使抵销；使中和；压制*never[ ⏹♏☜]ad.永不，从不，决不，从来没有*nevertheless [⏹♏☜❆☜●♏♦]conj.然而，不过 ad.仍然，不过*new [⏹◆]a.新的，新近的；新来的；不熟悉的*news [⏹◆]n.新闻*newspaper [ ⏹◆☐♏♓☐☜]n.报纸*next [⏹♏♦♦]a.下一个的，最近的；接下来的；隔壁的，邻近的；a./ad.其次，然后；下次；n.下一个人或物*nice [ ⏹♓♦]a.美好的，令人愉快的；友好的，亲切的nickel['nik☜l]n.镍；(美国和加拿大的)五分钱nickname['nik⏹♏♓❍]n.绰号；vt.给…起绰号，叫…的绰号niece[⏹♓♦] n. 侄女,甥女night[⏹♋♓♦] n.夜晚，夜，晚上；睡得好night-club['⏹♋♓♦●✈♌] n.夜总会nightmare['⏹♋♓♦❍☪☯] n.梦魇，可怕的事件nil[nil]n.无，零nine [ ⏹♋♓⏹]num. 九nineteen[ ⏹♋♓⏹♦♓⏹] num. 十九ninety[ ⏹♋♓⏹♦♓] num. 九十ninth[⏹♋♓⏹] num. 第九nitrogen[ ⏹♋♓♦❒☯♎✞☯⏹]n.氮no[⏹☜◆]ad.不，不是；毫不*noble [ ⏹☜◆♌●]a.高尚的, 贵族的, 高贵的n.贵族nobody[ ⏹☜◆♌☜♎♓] n.渺小人物; pron. 没有人,nod[⏹♎] vi.点头*noise [⏹♓]n.噪声，喧闹声noisy[ ⏹♓♓]a. 喧闹的,嘈杂的nominal['n minl]a.名义上的；象征性的；名词性的nominate ['n mineit]vt.提名，任命nominee[ n mi'ni:] n.被提名者，被推荐者*none [⏹✈⏹]pron.没有一个 ad.一点也不*nonetheless [ ⏹✈⏹❆☜●♏♦]adv.虽然如此, 但是nonprofit[ ⏹✈⏹☐❒♐♓♦]a.非赢利性的，无利可图的nonsense[ ⏹⏹♦☜⏹♦]n.无意义的话，胡扯；愚蠢的行为noodle[ ⏹◆♎●]n.面条noon[⏹◆n]n.中午，正午；全盛期，顶点*nor [⏹]conj.也不*norm[⏹❍]n.标准，规范；平均数*normal[ ⏹❍●]a.正常的，标准的；精神健全的normalize l[ ⏹❍☜●♋♓]vt.使标准化，使正常化north[⏹] a. ad & n.北(的); 在/朝/从/向北northeast[ ⏹♓♦♦]n.东北(部)11northern[ ⏹❆☜⏹]a.北方的,北部的northwest[ ⏹♦♏♦♦]n. 西北nose[n☜uz]n.鼻子；干涉；嗅觉not[⏹♦]ad.不，一个也不，没有notable ['n☜ut☜b☜l]a.值得注意的，著名的n.名人，要人notation[n☜u'tei☞☜n]n.记号，标记法*note [⏹☜◆♦]n.笔记，记录；注释，按语；便条；纸币；名望；vt.记下，摘录；注意到notebook[ ⏹☜◆♦♌◆] n. 笔记簿noteworthy[ ⏹☜◆♦♦☜❆♓]a.值得注意的nothing[ ⏹✈♓☠]pron.没有什么，没有东西；n.无价值的人(事)；ad.绝不，并不，毫不*notice [ ⏹☜◆♦♓♦]n.通知，布告；注意 v.注意到noticeable[ ⏹☜◆♦♓♦☜♌●]a.显而易见的，值得注意的notify[ ⏹☜◆♦♓♐♋♓]vi.正式通知(某人)*notion [ ⏹☜◆☞☜⏹]n.概念，意念；想法，见解notorious[n☜u't :ri☜s]a.臭名昭著的，声名狼藉的notwithstanding [ n twiθ'st✌ndi☠]prep.／ad.尽管noun[⏹♋◆⏹]n.名词nourish['n✈ri☞]vt.养育，喂养，滋养；怀有，增强novel[ ⏹☜●] n. (长篇)小说novelist[ ⏹☜●♓♦♦]n. 小说家novelty['n v☜lti]n.新奇事物；新奇(感)；新颖廉价的物品November[⏹☜◆♏❍♌☜]n. 11月now[⏹♋◆]ad.现在，目前；从现在起，到现在为止；n.现在，此刻nowadays[ ⏹♋◆☜♎♏♓]ad. 当今,现在*nowhere [ ⏹☜◆♒♦♏☜]ad.任何地方都不*nuclear [ ⏹◆●♓☜]a.原子核的；核心的，中心的nucleus[ ⏹◆●♓☜♦]n. 中心，原子核，细胞核nuisance[ ⏹◆♦⏹♦]n.讨厌的人(事)*number [ ⏹✈❍♌☜]n.数，数字；号码numerical[nju:'merik☜l]a.数字的，用数字表示的，数值的*numerous [ ⏹◆❍☜❒☜♦]a.为数众多的，许多nurse[⏹☜♦]n. 护士;保育员nursery[ ⏹☜♦☜❒♓] n. 托儿所*nurture [ ⏹☜♦☞☜]v.养育；训练，教育，发展nut[⏹✈♦]n.坚果,坚果仁(胡桃,栗子等)nutrition[nju:'tri☞☜n]n.营养nylon[ ⏹♋♓●⏹]n.尼龙;长筒尼龙丝袜Oo'clock[☯' ●]n. 点钟oak [☜uk] n.橡树，橡木oath [☜uθ]n.誓言，誓约；咒骂，诅咒语obedience[☜'bi:dj☜ns]n.服从，遵照*obedient[☜♌♓♎☜⏹♦ ♎♓☜⏹♦]a.服从的, 孝顺的obese[☜u'bi:s] a.非常胖的obesity[☜u'bi:siti]n.肥胖*obey [☜'bei] vt.服从，顺从*object[ ♌♎✞♓♦]n.物体；目的；对象v.不赞成，反对*objection [☜♌♎✞♏☞☜⏹]n.反对，异议*objective [ ♌♎✞♏♦♓]a.客观的n.目标，目的*obligation [ ♌●♓♑♏♓☞☜⏹]n.义务，职责；恩惠oblige [☜'blaid✞] vt.迫使；施恩于；使感激obscene[ ♌♦♓⏹]a.猥亵的，淫秽的obscure [☜b'skju☜]a.难懂的；不著名的，无名的；vt.遮掩，使模糊，使朦胧12*observation [ ♌☜♏♓☞☜⏹]n.观察，注意；观察力；评论，意见*observe [☜♌☜]vt.注意到，观测；遵守；说；纪念observer [☜♌☜☜] n.观察者，观察员；评述者*obsession [☜♌♦♏☞☜⏹]n.沉溺于,（贪婪的）占有*obstacle[ ♌♦♦☜●] n.障碍*obtain [☜♌♦♏♓⏹]vt.获得*obvious [ ♌♓☜♦]a.明显的，显而易见的*occasion[☜♏♓✞☜⏹]n.机会，时刻；大事，节日occasional [☜'kei✞☜n☜l] a.偶然的；特殊场合的occupation [ kju'pei☞☜n] n.职业，工作；占用，占领；消遣occupational [ kju'pei☞☜n☜l]adj.职业的；军事占领的*occupy[ ◆☐☜♓] vt.占，占用；占领；使忙碌*occur [☜☜] vi.发生；出现，存在occurrence[☜'k✈r☜ns] n.发生，事件，出现ocean [ ☜◆☞☜⏹] n.海洋October[ ♦☜◆♌☜] n.十月*odd[ ♎] a.奇数的；不寻常的；临时的n.怪人*odds[ ♎]n.琐碎的信息odour['☜ud☜]n.气味*of [ ]prep.…的；…之中的；…做的*off[ ♐] ad./a.脱隔(的)；离去prep.从…离开*offend [☜♐♏⏹♎] vt.冒犯，触怒；使不悦offense [☜'fens] n.过错；冒犯；引起反感的东西*offensive [☜♐♏⏹♦♓]a.极讨厌的，令人作呕的；进攻的*offer[ ♐☜] vt.提供；表示愿意做；奉献n.提供；报价*office[ ♐♓♦] n.办公室；服务处；官职officer ['☜fis☜] n.官员，办事员；军官*official[☜♐♓☞☜●]a.官方的；官员的n.官员，高级职员*offset[ ♐♦♏♦]v.抵消,抵制,使…平衡offspring[' f spri☠]n.子女，子孙，后代；(动物的)崽*often [ ♐⏹] ad.经常，常常oil [ il] n.油，石油vt.给…加油oily[' ili] adj.油的，油质的；含油的，油多的；油腻的；油滑的，会奉承的okey /okay/o.k./ok[ou'kei] a./ad.对，好，可以n.同意，许可*old [☜uld] a.年老的；…岁的；长时间的；过去的olive[' liv]n.橄榄，橄榄树omission[☜◆❍♓☞☜⏹]n.省略，删节；遗漏；疏忽；[法]不履行法律责任*omit [☜◆❍♓♦] v.省略，删去；忽略，忘记*on [ n] prep.在…上；朝向；关于ad.向前；穿着*once [w✈ns] ad.一次，曾经conj.一…就… n.一次one [w✈n] num.一pron.一个人 a.一个的；同一的oneself[♦✈⏹♦♏●♐] pron.[反身代词]自己；亲自ongoing [' n g☜ui☠] a.进行中的onion [' nj☜n] n.洋葱online[ ⏹●♋♓⏹] n.联机；在线*only [ ☜◆⏹●♓] ad.只，仅仅a.唯一的conj.可是onset [ ⏹♦♏♦]n.攻击，袭击；开始，动手；[医]发病onto [ ⏹♦◆] prep.到…上onward [' nw☜d] ad./a.向前(的)*open [ ☜◆☐☜⏹] a.开(着)的；开阔的vt.开始vi.裂开；开始opener [ ☜◆☐☜⏹☜]n.开…的人；开启用的工具opening [ ☜◆☐☜⏹♓☠]n.洞；最初；空地；(职位的)空缺opera[ ☐☜❒☜]n.歌剧*operate [ ☐☜❒♏♓♦]v.操作；起作用；动手术*operation [ ☐☜❒♏♓☞☜⏹] n.操作；作用；手术；运算13operational [ ☐☜❒♏♓☞☜⏹l] a.操作的，动作的operator[ ☐☜❒♏♓♦☜] n.操作员；(总机)接线员；(外科)手术员*opinion [☜☐♓⏹☜⏹] n.意见，看法；舆论，评价opinionated[☜☐♓⏹☜⏹♏♓♦♓♎]a.<贬>固执己见的，武断的；自用；师心自用opium[ ☜◆☐♓☜❍]n.鸦片；麻醉剂*opponent [☜☐☜◆⏹☜⏹♦]a.对立的，反对的n.对手，敌手*opportunity [ ☐☜♦◆⏹♓♦♓]n.机会，时机*oppose [☜☐☜◆]v.反对*opposite[ ☐☜♓♦]a.对面的ad.对立面prep.在…的对面opposition[ ☐☜♓☞☜⏹]n.(强烈的)反对,敌对；(政府的)反对党,在野党；对抗,抵抗；相对,对照；a.反对的，对抗的oppress [☜☐❒♏♦]vt.使烦恼，使意气消沉，使气馁，使无精神；压迫，压制；v.虐待，欺侮；(古)压倒；给与沉重的感觉optic[' ptik] a.眼睛的，视觉的；光学的；镜片optical [' ptikl☜] a.光学的；视觉的，视力的optimism[' ptimiz☜m] n.乐观，乐观主义optimistic [ pti'mistik] a.乐观的，乐观主义的optimum [' ptim☜m]n.最适条件，最佳效果，最优化*option [ ☐☞☜⏹]n.选择，供选择的事物*optional [ ☐☞☜⏹●]a.可以任选的，非强制的*or [ ☜]conj.或者，还是；不然，否则；或者说，即oracle [' :r☜k☜l, ' r-] n.神示所；神谕；圣贤；哲人oral[ ❒☜●]a.口头的，口语的；口(部)的orange [' rind✞] n.橙(树)；橙色a.橙的；橙色的orbit [' :bit] n.轨道；眼窝v.环绕轨道动行orchestra [' :kistr☜] n.交响/管弦乐队*order [ ♎☜]n.次序；正常状况；秩序；命令v.命令orderly [' :d☜li] a.整齐的，有条理的*ordinary [' :din☜ri] a.普通的，平常的；平凡的ore [ :] n.矿石，矿砂*organ[ ♑☜⏹] n.器官；机构；风琴organic [ :'gænik] a.有机物的，有机体的；器官的organism [' :g☜niz☜m] n.生物，有机体organization/-isation[ ♑☜⏹♋♓♏♓☞☜⏹]n.组织，安排；团体；有机体*organize /-ise [' ♈☜⏹♋♓] vt.组织，安排；筹办*orient [ ❒♓☜⏹♦]vi.向东vt.使适应，确定方向oriental[ :ri'entl]东方的，东方人的，东方文化的orientation [ :ri☜n'tei☞☜n]n.方向，目标；熟悉，适应，情况介绍*origin [ ❒♓♎✞♓⏹] n.起源，开端；出身，血统original [☜'rid✞☜n☜l] a.最初的；新颖的n.原作品；原型originality [☜rid✞☜'næliti] n.创造力，独创性；新颖originate[☜'rid✞ineit] vi.起源，发生vt.发明；首创，创始ornament [' :n☜m☜nt] n.装饰，装饰品vt.装饰orthodox [' :θ☜d ks]a.传统的；正统的，正宗的*other[ ✈❆☜] a.其他的pron.其他的人或事*otherwise [ ✈❆☜♦♓] ad.否则；在其它方面；另外conj.否则ouch[aut☞] int.（痛苦或惊讶时的叫声）哎哟*ought [ ♦] aux.v.应该，本应ounce[au⏹♦] n.盎司；少量our ['au☜] pron.[we的所有格]我们的ours [ ♋◆☜] pron.[we的物主代词]我们的ourselves [♋◆☜♦♏●] pron.[反身代词]我们自己；我们亲自oust[aust]vt.罢黜，罢免，把…撤职(以取而代之)*out [aut] ad.出去；离家；突出来a.外面的outbreak ['autbreik]n.(战争等的)爆发，(疾病等的)突然发生*outcome [ ◆♦☜❍]n.结果，后果，成果14。
2011年在职申硕(同等学力)英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2011年在职申硕（同等学力）英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Dialogue Communication 3. V ocabulary 4. Reading Comprehension 5. Cloze 7. Translation 9. WritingPaper OneDialogue CommunicationSection ADirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.1．A: Dan gave me a free ride home, but I paid for the gas. B: You know what they say,______A．one good turn deserves another.B．there’s no free lunch.C．it’s who you know that counts.D．don’t bite off more than you can chew.正确答案：B解析：A：丹载我回家，但是我付了汽油钱。
A项“善有善报。
”B项“天下没有免费的午餐。
”C项“你知道谁靠得住。
”D项“不要自不量力。
”根据B 回答的前半句“你知道他们说什么来着，”可知是对A的行为的一种总结，意思就是天下没有白占的便宜。
同等学力申请硕士学位英语水平统一考试历年阅读理解高频词汇
同等学力申请硕士学位英语水平统一考试历年阅读理解中词汇出现频率统计超高频词汇（20次以上）频率出现50次的单词state vt. 陈述，阐明n. 1. 状态 2. 国家 3. 州频率出现42次的单词take vt. 1. 拿，取 2. 携带，带走 3. 花费，需要4. 接受5. 认为，当作6. 抓住频率出现39次的单词change vt./vi. 1. 改变，更改 2. 交换，兑换n. 1. 变化 2. 交换 3. 零钱，找头频率出现33次的单词say vt./ vi. 1. 说，讲 2. 说明，表明 3. 比如说，假定说，发表意见n. 1. 发言权，决定权 2. 意见频率出现30次的单词penalty n. 处罚，罚款频率出现29次的单词technology n. 工业技术，应用科学频率出现26次的单词result n. 1. 结果，效果，成果 2. 计算结果，答案statement n. 1. 陈述，声明 2. 财务报表，申报单频率出现22次的单词global a. 地球的，全球的，环球的；全局的paragraph n. 1. 段，节 2.（报刊的）短讯频率出现21次的单词live v. 1. 住，居住 2. 生存，（过）生活a. 1. 有生命的，活的2. 现场直播的ad. 实况地means n. 1. 手段，方法 2. 财产，收入高频词汇（6-20次）频率出现20次的单词cent n. 1. 分币 2. （作单位的）百consume vt./vi. 1. 消费，花费 2. 消灭，毁灭 3. 枯萎radiation n. 辐射（线/能）company n. 1. 交往，同伴，陪伴2. 公司，商号3. 一伙，一队lack v./n. 缺乏，缺少，短缺medical a. 医学的，医疗的murder n. 1. 谋杀 2. 谋杀罪v. 1. 谋杀，屠杀 2. 破坏program(me) n. 1. 电脑程序2. 节目单，说明书3. 节目4. 计划，程序表v. 1. 编制程序 2. 安排节目频率出现18次的单词increase v t./vi. 增加，增大，增长n. 增加，增长space n 1. 空间，面积 2. 太空 3. 场所，区域vt. 把…隔开step n. 1. 步，脚步 2. 梯级，台阶 3. 步骤，措施vi. 走，行走；踩频率出现17次的单词aid vt. 帮助，援助，救援n. 1. 帮助，援助 2. 助手，辅助设备 3. 救护mark n. 1. 痕迹，斑点 2. 记号，标记 3.（考试）分数v. 1.（给试卷）打分 2. 标志，表示 3. 弄污possible a. 1. 可能的，有可能做得到的 2. 可接受的rate n. 1. 比率 2. 等级，程度 3. 价格，费用vt. 1. 评级，评价 2. 列为used a. 1. 用过的，旧的 2. 习惯于…的v. 过去惯于频率出现16次的单词choice n. 1. 选择，抉择 2. 选择权，选择机会3. 供选择的东西deal vt. 1. 处理，对付 2. 分给，给予n. 买卖，交易social a. 1. 社会的 2. 社交的，交际的频率出现15次的单词center/tre n. 中心，中央，核心vt./vi. 1. 集中，集中于 2. 居中graph n. 图表，曲线图point n. 1. 尖，尖端 2. 点，小数点 3. 条款，细目4. 分数，得分5. 要点，论点6. 意义vi. 1. 指向 2. 表明interview n. 1. 接见，会见 2. 面谈，面试 3. 访问vt. 接见，会见；访问；（记者）采访less a./ad. 1. 更小的（地），更少的（地）2. 较次（劣）的（地），较不重要的（地）mental a. 1. 心智的，精神的 2. 神经不正常的Physical a. 1. 物质的 2. 身体的 3. 物理的reason n. 1. 理由，原因 2. 理性，判断力3. 理智，清醒的头脑4. 道理，常识vt. 1. 论证，推断 2. 与…评理，劝说vi. 1. 推理，思考 2. 评理，劝说soup n. 汤，羹频率出现13次的单词climate n. 气候modern a. 1. 现代的，近代的2. 新式的，时新的provide v t. 1. 提供，供给 2. 规定purpose n. 1. 目的，意图 2. 意志，决心tech n. 技术专科学校traditional a. 传统的频率出现12次的单词ability n. 1. 能力，本领 2.（用复数）才能，才识drought n. 干旱，旱灾kill vt./vi. 1. 杀，杀死 2. 破坏，摧毁 3. 消磨（时间）knowledge n. 1. 知识，学识，学问 2. 知道，了解last a. 1. 最后的 2. 最近的，紧接前面的ad. 最后（地），上一次，最近一次vi. 持续，维持matter n. 1. 事情，问题 2. 毛病，麻烦，困难 3. 物质，物品million num. 百万，百万个n. (pl.) 无数pollution n. 污染public a. 1. 公共的 2. 公众的 3. 公开的n. 民众，公众revenge v t./n. 报复，复仇rise vi. 1. 上升，上涨 2. 升起3. 站起，起床 4. 增强 5. 起义n. 1. 增加，升高 2. 加薪 3. 高地，高坡society n. 1. 社会 2. 协会，团体spend vt. 1. 花费（钱、时间、心血等） 2. 消磨，度过vi. 1. 花费，浪费 2. 耗尽stock n. 1. 储备，贮存 2. 存货，现货3. 股票 4. 家畜，牲畜vt. 储备，备货title n. 1. 标题 2. 头衔，称号volunteer n. 自（志）愿者culture n. 1. 教养，修养 2. 文化，文明emission n. 1. 发射，散发 2. 发出物，发射物function n. 1. 功能，作用 2. 职务，职责 3.〈数学〉函数vi. 1.（器官等）活动，（机器等）运行 2. 行使职责importance n. 重要，重要性individual a. 1. 单独的，个人的2. 独特的，个性的n. 个人，个体；独立单位late a. 1. 迟的，晚的 2. 晚期的，末期的3. 最近的，已故的ad. 迟，晚level n. 1. 水平面，水平线2. 等线，水平a. 平的，水平的limit vt. 限制，限定n. 界限，限定，限度material n. 1. 物质，材料，原料 2. 素材，资料，题材a. 物质的minute n. 1. 分，分钟 2. 一会儿，片刻 3. (pl.)会议记录necessary a. 1. 必要的，必需的 2. 必然的n. (pl.) 必需品nuclear a. 1. 原子核的 2. 核心的，中心的patient n. 病人a. 有耐心的，能忍耐的research v i./n 研究，探讨travel vi. 1.旅行 2. 行进，走 3. 运行，传播n. 旅行type n. 1. 类型，式样 2. 印刷字体 3. 活字，铅字v. 打字频率出现10次的单词applicant n. 申请者cell n. 1. 细胞 2. 电池 3. 单人牢房 4. 小房间common a. 1. 普通的，寻常的2. 共有的，公共的crime n. 罪，犯罪factor n. 1. 因素，要素 2.〈数学〉因数，因子harmful a. 有害的international a. 国际的，世界性的least a. 最小的，最少的ad. 最少，最小，最不n. 最小，最少line n. 1. 线，（文章的）行2. 电线，线路3. 路线，航线vt. （使）排成行main a. 主要的，最重要的n. （输送水或煤气的）总管道，干线manner n 1. 方式，方法 2. 态度，举止 3.（pl.）礼貌，规矩貌的pressure n. 1. 压力，压强 2. 强制，压迫prevent v. 预防，防止researcher n. 研究者，调查员scientific a. 科学的serious a. 1. 严重的 2. 认真的，严肃的sheet n. 1. 张，片，页 2. 被单频率出现9次的单词complete vt. 完成，结束a. 1. 完整的，全部的 2. 已完成的，结束的 3. 彻底的confidence n. 1. 信任 2. 信心，自信，把握current a. 1. 通用的 2. 现时的，当前的n. 1. 水流，气流 2. 电流 3. 趋势，倾向drop n. 1. 点滴，滴 2. 下降 3. 微量vt./vi. 1. 滴下 2. 投下，落下，跌落effort n. 努力，尝试environment n. 环境，周围状况estimate vt. 估计，评价，判断n. 估计，估价；（用复数）预算expect v t. 1. 期待，预期，盼望 2. 认为；料想general a. 1. 全体的，普遍的 2. 综合的，普通的 3. 通用的n. 将军government n. 1. 管理，支配 2. 政府，内阁investment n. 投资，投资额lead n. 铅v. 1. 领导，引导 2. 为…带路；指引 3. 导致；通向n. 领导，领先limited a. 小的，有限的remain vi. 1. 停留，留下 2. 保持，依然save v. 1. 拯救 2. 储蓄 3. 节省sell vt. 1. 卖，出售 2. 出卖，背叛vi. 卖，销售set vt. 1. 放置2. 使处于某种状态（位置）3. 调校4. 树立，规定vi. 1. （日、月等）落下 2. 凝结，固定 3. 着手，从事n. （一）套a. 固定的，规定的traffic n. 交通（量）video n. 录像（机）a. 录像的，视频的频率出现8次的单词capable a. （指人）有能力的，有本领，能干的certain a. 1. （只作表语）肯定的，无疑的 2. 必然的continue vi. 连续，继续decade n. 十年effect n. 结果，效果，作用vt. 产生，招致，完成fuel n. 燃料，养料vt./vi. 供给燃料，加燃料；刺激；推动imply vt. 意指，含…的意思involve vt. 1. 使卷入，使参与 2. 包含，包括 3. 牵涉likely a. 很可能的，有希望的ad. 可能地living a. 活着的，现存的n. 生计，生活measure n. 1. 量度，尺寸 2. 措施，方法vt. 量，测量vi. 有…长（宽，高）product n. 1. 产品，制品 2. 结果，成果 3. 乘积relate vt. 1. 使有联系 2. 叙述，讲vi. 与…有关系tend vt 照料，护理vi. 易于，有某种倾向term n. 1. 学期2. 期限，期间3. 术语，措词 4. (pl.) 条款，条件vt. 称为，叫做频率出现7次的单词available a. 可利用的；有效的；可得到的average n. 1. 平均（数） 2. 一般水平，平均标准a. 1. 平均的 2. 一般的，通常的avoid vt. 避免，回避，逃避behavio(u)r n. 1. 行为，表现 2. （机器等的）运转情况care n. 1. 牵挂，担心 2. 照应，照料 3. 烦恼，烦人的事vi. 1. 担心，关心，介意 2. 喜欢，愿意comprehension n. 1. 理解，理解力 2. 领悟cross v. 1. 穿越 2. 相交 3. 划横线，勾掉n. 1. 十字架，十字形的东西 2. 交叉路 3. 苦难electronic a. 电子（学）的fall vi. 1. 落下，降落，跌落 2. 陷落，失守 3. 降低，减退n. 1. 秋季 2. 落下，降落 3. 陷落 4. 下降；减弱keep vt./vi. 1. 保存，保留 2.（使…）保持（着某一状态），使得3. 保守，遵守4. 保卫，防卫5. 赡养，饲养6. 看管，经营7. 履行，遵循majority n. 多数，大多数motorist n. 驾车的人，乘车旅行的人murderer n. 杀人犯，凶手natural a. 1. 自然界的，天然的2. 正常的，惯常的3. 天赋，occur v i. 1. 发生 2. 出现，存在popular a. 1. 大众喜爱的，喜闻乐见的 2. 大众化的，普及的price n. 1. 价格 2. 代价vt. 标价，定价project n. 1. 方案，计划 2. 工程，项目vt. 1. 投掷，发射 2. 放映 3. 设计，规划 4. 突出，使凸出pure a. 1. 纯粹的 2. 纯净纯洁的3. 无邪，贞洁的4. 完全，彻底的record n. 1. 记录，报告 2. 经历，履历 3. 记录，最好成绩a. 创纪录的vt. 1. 记录，记载 2. 录音，录影，录下refer vi. 1. 提到，引用 2. 查阅，参考vt. 1. 叫（人）去…（以便得到消息、援助等）2. 把…归因于3. 把…委托（交给）…regard vt. 1. 把…看作，把…认为 2. 注意，注视3. 对待，看待4. 尊重，尊敬n. 1. 注意，注视 2. 尊敬，尊重 3. (pl.) 问候，致意retail n. 零售v. 零售ad. 以零售价格seal n. 1. 封条 2. 印章vt. 1. 密封 2. 盖章section n. 1. 节，段，部分 2. 科室 3. 截面，剖视图single a. 1. 单个的，单一的2. 独身的 3. 每个的，个别的vt. 挑选species n. 物种，种类suggest v t. 1. 建议，提议 2. 表明，暗示trend n. 趋势，倾向vi. 趋向，倾向typical a. 1. 典型的，有代表性的 2. 特有的，独特的victim n. 受害者，牺牲者，遇难者频率出现6次的单词acquisition n 获得（物）adapt vt 1. 使适应，使适合 2. 改编，改写allow vt 1. 允许，准许 2. 承认 3. 给予vi （~for）考虑到，顾及apply vi./vt. 1. 请求，申请 2. 适用，应用，运用3. 把…应用于approach v i./vt. 1. 走近，接近，临近 2. 处理，对待n. 1. 走近，接近 2. （处理的）方法3. 看法，观点astronaut n. 宇航员attack vt./n. 1. 攻击，袭击 2.（疾病）发作attitude n. (与介词to, towards连用）态度，看法balance n. 1. 平衡，均衡 2. 收支平衡，收付余款3. 秤，天平clear a. 1. 光亮的，清澈的2. 清晰的，条理清楚的3. 晴（天）的vt. 打扫；使清楚，晴朗起来；清除，收走complex a. 复杂的；综合的concept n. 概念，观念；思想control n./vt. 1. 管理，控制，支配 2.（感情等的）抑制，节制corporation n. （大）公司damage n. 1.损害，毁坏 2. （用复数）损害赔偿金vt. 损害，损伤；毁坏data n. 资料，数据decline v t./vi. 1. 拒绝，婉谢 2. 下降；（太阳）落山；衰弱n. 1. 衰弱 2. 斜坡emergency n. 突发事件，紧急关头，非常时刻endanger vt. 危害，危及extinct a. 1. 熄灭的 2. 灭绝的，绝种的jam vt./vi. 1. 压紧；（被）夹住 2. 突然用力推n. 1. 果酱 2. 阻塞，轧住leave vt. 1. 离开 2. 留下，剩下，使处于（某种状态）3. 遗留，遗忘4. 听任，让5. 交托，委托vi. 离开，出发n. 1. 许可，准许 2. 准假；假期lie [lai] v i. 1. 躺，平放 2. 位于，在于 3. 撒谎，说谎n 谎话，假话loss n. 1. 遗失，丧失 2. 亏损，减少，损失 3. 失败，输掉nature n. 1. 自然界，大自然2. 性质，本性object n. 1. 物，物体 2. 目的，目标 3. 对象v. 不赞成，反对perception n. 1. 知觉，知觉力 2. 理解，认识progress n 1. 前进，进展 2. 进步，发展vi. 1. 前进，进展 2. 进步，发展prove v. 1. 证明，证实 2. 证明是，表明是reflect v t. 1. 反射 2. 反映，表达vi. 1. 反射，映出 2. 仔细考虑，思考replace v t. 1. 把…放回原处 2. 取代 3. 替换，更换response n. 1. 回答，回应 2. 反应，反响restrict vt. 限制，约束riot n. 骚乱，暴动vi. 闹事，骚乱safety n. 安全service n. 1. 服务 2. 公共事业 3. 服役vt. 维护，保养shift v. 1. 变换，转换 2. 变（速），调（档）n. 1. 转变，更换 2. 轮班，换班significance n. 1. 意义 2. 重要性smoke n. 1. 烟，烟雾 2. 吸烟vi. 1. 吸烟 2. 冒烟solve vt. 解决，解答surrounding n. (pl.) 环境，周围的事物a. 周围的theory n. 1. 理论，原理 2. 意见thought n. 1. 想法，看法 2. 思想，思维 3. 打算，意图total a. 总的，全部的n. 总数，总计vt. 计算…的总和vi. 总计，合计tradition n. 1. 传统 2. 惯例，规矩university n. （综合性）大学value n 1. 重要性，用途，用处 2. 价值 3. 评价vt. 1. 给…估价 2. 看重，珍视view n. 1. 风景，景色 2. 看法，见解 3. 视野，眼界vt. 1. 把…看成是，认为 2. 观察，检查常频词汇（3-5次）频率出现5次的单词adequate a. 足够的，充分的appear v i. 1. 出现，露出 2. 似乎，好像atmosphere n. 1. 大气层 2. 气氛，环境aware a. （用作表语，与介词of连用）意识到的，觉察到的belong vi. 1. 属于 2. 应归入（类别、派别、范畴等）bother v i./t. 1. 打扰，麻烦 2. 费心，烦心n. 1. 麻烦，困扰 2. 麻烦的人或事物creature n. 人，动物，生物cue n. 暗示，提示custom n. 1. 习惯，习俗 2. 海关；（用复数）关税dependent a. 1. 依靠的，依赖的2. 从属的diagnosis n. 1. 诊断 2. 调查分析electrical a. 与电有关的，电气科学的；用电的entire a. 全部的，整个的exchange vt. 1. 交换，调换 2. 交流，互换n. 交换，调换failure n. 1. 失败，不及格 2. 失败的人（或事）3. 故障，失灵4. 没做到，不履行feedback n. 反馈former a. 以前的，在前的heap n. 1. 堆 2. 大量，许多vt. 使成堆，堆积，堆起image n. 1. 像，形象 2. 影像，图像immediate a. 1. 立即的，即刻的2. 直接的，最接近的impact n. 1. 碰撞，冲击力 2. 效果，影响insight n. 洞悉，洞察力，见识，深刻的了解Issue vi./vt. 1. 流出，放出 2. 发行，出版，颁布n. 1. 发行（物），（报刊）期号2. 问题，争论点，争端lot n. 1. 许多，大量 2. 签，抽签lower a. 较低的，下等的，下游的vt. 放下，放低，降低marry vt. 同…结婚mention v. 提到，谈到n. 提述，提及national n. 国民（指侨居国外的）a. 1. 全国性的 2. 国内的，本国的3. 民族的4. 国有的network n. 1. 网状织物 2. 网状系统 3. 广播（电视）网objective a. 客观的n. 目标，目的organize/-ise vt. 1. 组织，安排 2. 筹办practical a. 实际的，实用的prefer v. 更喜欢，宁愿previous a. 先的，前的，以前的raise vt. 1. 抬起，举起 2. 提出，发起 3. 抚养，饲养 4. 募集,筹集n. 加薪reduce v t. 1. 减少，减低 2. 使…变低3. 贬低，使沦落4.（数学）约简vi. 1. 减小，减少 2. 减肥relation n. 1. 家人，亲戚 2. 关系 3. 叙述，陈述relationship n. 1. 关系 2. 亲属关系rescue v t./n. 救援safe a. 安全的n. 保险箱self n. 1. 自己，本身 2. 私心sense n. 1. 意思，意味 2. 感觉，感知 3. 见识，判断能力4. 意识，理智vt. 觉得，意识到share vt. 分享，分给，分担n. 1. 部分，一份 2. 股份，股 3. 分担，均摊sign n. 1.符号，记号 2.姿势，手势3. 标识，牌示4. 征兆，迹象v. 1. 签名 2. 作手势（表示）similar a. 相似的，类似的situation n. 1. 形势，情况 2. 处境，境况 3. 位置，场所status n. 1. 地位，身份 2. 情形，状况，状态store n. 1. 商店，店铺 2. 贮备品vt. 贮藏，贮备suffer v t. 1. 忍受，承受 2. 遭受vi. 1. 忍受痛苦 2. 受损失threat n. 1. 威胁，恐吓 2. 凶兆，征兆transmit vt. 传播，播送；传递，传导，传送tribe n. 部落，宗族various a. 1. 不同的，各种各样的 2. 多方面的vast a. 1. 巨大的，广大的2. 大量的 3. 非常的wave n. 1. 波，波浪 2. （手等的）挥动vt. 挥动，向…挥手vi. 1. 挥手示意 2. 波动，飘动zone n. 地区，地带，区域频率出现4次的单词account n. 1. 账目，（复数）账户 2. 说明，陈述 3. 原因，理由vi. 说明（理由等）agreement n. 1. 同意，达成协议2. 协定，协议amount vi. 1. 总计 2.（与介词to连用）等于n. 总额；数量appliance n. 1. 器械，装置 2. 应用，适用arrow n. 1. 箭（状物） 2. 箭头符号aspect n. 1.（问题，事物等的）方面 2. 样子，面貌bamboo n. 竹，竹类block n. 1. 大块（木料或石料，金属等） 2. 障碍物，阻塞物3. 街区（四条街道当中的地区）vt. 阻拦，堵塞broadcast vt./vi. 〈无线电〉广播（节目）n. 无线电广播，播音career n. 1. 职业 2. 生涯cast vt. 1. 投，抛 2. 撒（网） 3. 铸造，浇铸n. 一掷；撒网；铸件cause n. 1. 原因 2. 理由，缘故 3. 事业，奋斗目标vt. 1. 造成，引起 2. 使得chase vt. 追赶，追逐n. 追赶，追击choose vt. 1. 挑选，选择 2. 愿意，决定consider vt. 1. 考虑，细想 2. 体谅，顾及3. 认为，以为，把…看作vi. 考虑convention n. 1. 习俗，惯例 2.（社团，政党等）大会，会议3. 公约，契约cope vi. 1.（善于）应付，妥善处理2. 竞争detail n. 1. 细节，详情 2. 枝节，琐事vt. 详述，详谈enormous a. 巨大的，庞大的entertain vt. 1. 使欢乐，使娱乐2. 招待，款待 3. 持有(意见、见解等)evidence n. 1. 根据，证据 2. 形迹，迹象executive a. 实施的，执行的，行政的n. 1. 总经理，董事 2. 执行者 3. 行政部门exist vi. 1. 存在 2. 生存，生活express v t. 表示，表达n. 快车；快递，快汇extreme a. 1. 极度的，极端的2. 尽头的，末端的n. 极端，最大程度；在末端的事物flight n. 1. 飞行，飞翔 2. 航空旅行，航程3. 航班focus n. 焦点，（活动、兴趣等的）中心vi./vt. 使聚焦，集中fossil n. 化石fundamental a. 基本的，根本的，主要的；原始的n. (常用复数）基本原理，基本原则historical a. 历史的，有关历史的ideal a. 1. 理想的，完美的 2. 观念的n. 理想impression n. 1. 印，印痕 2. 印象，感想 3. 印记intend vt. 想要，打算，企图locate v t. 1. 把…设置在，使…坐落于 2. 探明，找到logical a. 逻辑的，合乎逻辑的lost a. 1. 失去的 2. 错过的，浪费掉的 3. 无望的，迷路的maintain vt. 1. 维持，保持 2. 保养，维修 3. 坚持，主张major a. 1. 较重要的，较大的 2. 主要的n. 1. 主修课程 2. 少校vi. （in）主修market ] n. 1. 市场，集市 2. 销路，需求vt. 销售mid adj. 中央的，中间的mystery n. 1. 神秘，奥秘 2. 神秘的事物notion n. 1. 概念，意念 2. 想法，见解opinion n. 1. 意见，看法 2. 舆论，评价organization n. 1. 组织，安排 2. 团体 3. 有机体overseas ad./a. 到国外（的），到海外（去的）ownership n. 所有权，所有制participate vi. 1. 参与，参加 2. 分享，分担predict v. 预言，预测，预告protect v t. 保护，保卫protection n. 保护pump n. 泵，抽水机，打气机v. 用抽水机抽，打气purchase v t. 购买n. 1. 购买 2. 购买的物品rapid a. 迅速的，快速的realize/is V t. 1. 认识到，了解 2. 实现receive vt. 1. 收到，领到 2. 接受，得到3.接待，接见4.遭受，遭到recipe n. 1. 食谱 2. 方法，窍门register vt. 1. 注册，登记 2.（仪表等）显示3. 将（邮件）挂号vi. 登记，注册n. 1. 登记，注册 2. 登记簿，花名册regulation n. 1. 规定，条例，法令 2. 管制，控制3. 调节，调整relief n. 1.（痛苦、烦恼等的）解除，减轻 2. 浮雕3. 救济，赈灾remains n. 1. 剩余物，残留物2. 遗体，遗迹report vt./n. 1. 报告，报道 2. 汇报vi. 1. 报到 2. 报告responsible a. 1. 应负责的 2. 有责任心的revolution n. 1. 革命，大变革 2. 旋转 3. 周期，循环risk n./vt. （冒）风险rule vt./vi. 1. 统治，控制 2. 裁决n. 1. 规则，规定 2. 习惯，惯例 3. 支配，统治satellite n. 1. 卫星，人造卫星2. 附庸国scheme n. 1. 计划，方案 2. 阴谋，诡计v. 计划，图谋select vt. 选择，挑选a. 选择的，精选的sentence n. 1. 句子 2. 宣判，判决vt. 宣判，判决silence n. 1. 寂静 2. 沉默，无言vt. 使沉默，使安静simple a. 1. 朴素的，简朴的2. 简易的，简单的3. 纯真的4. 完全的5. 头脑简单的standard n. 标准，规格subject n. 1. 主题，题目 2. 学科，科目 3. 实验对象a. 容易患（感冒等）的vt. 2. 从属的，受…支配的使服从，使遭受support n. 1. 支持，支撑 2. 支撑物3. 拥护，支持，鼓励 4. 生活费vt. 1. 支持，支撑 2. 支持，鼓励3. 拥护，为…助威4. 供养，资助survey vt. 1. 纵览，环视 2. 调查，检查 3. 测量，勘定n. 1. 调查，研究 2. 概说，概观 3. 测量switch n. 1. 开关 2. 突然转变v. 改变，交换system n. 1. 系统，体系 2. 制度，体制taste n. 1. 滋味，味道 2. 味觉 3. 鉴赏力，审美力vt. 1. 尝，品尝 2. 体验，领略vi. 尝起来有某种味道technique n. 1. 技巧，手艺 2. 技能，技术throw vt. 1. 投，抛，扔 2. 摔落，摔倒topic n. 话题，主题trade n. 1. 贸易，商业 2. 行业vt. 用…进行交换，相互交换train n. 1. 火车，列车 2. 一连串，一系列vt. 训练，培训training n. 培训，训练，培养transport vt. 运输，运送understanding n. 1. 洞察力，理解力2. 理解，领会a. 能体谅人的，宽容的universal a. 全世界的，普遍的unusual a. 1. 异常的，不寻常的 2. 独特的，与众不同的vehicle n. 1. 交通工具，车辆 2. 工具，手段visual a. 1. 看得见的 2. 视觉的voltage n. 电压whole n. 全部，整体a. 1. 全体的，全部的 2. 完整的，无缺的频率出现3次的单词absorb vt. 1. 吸收 2. 使专心，使全神贯注academic a. 1. 学院的，研究院的 2. 学术的access n. 1. 接近，获得（机会等） 2. 入口，通道alive a. 1. 活着的，在世的 2. 有活力的，活泼的alternative a. 二中选一的n. 可供选择的事物，取舍appropriate a. 适当的，恰如其分的association n. 1. 协会，社团，团体 2. 联合，合伙band n. 1. 带子，箍 2. 乐队（尤指管乐队）3. 波段，频带4. 一群，一伙basic a. 1. 基础的，基本，根本的 2. 主要的，首要的n. （用复数）基础，基本bid vt. 报价，投标n. 出价，投标broad a. 1. 广的，阔的，广阔的 2. 概括的，广泛的cable n. 1. 缆，电缆 2. 电报vt. 打电报challenge n. 挑战（书）vt. 向…挑战charge n. 1. 收费 2. 罪名，指控 3. 充电，电荷 4. 负责vt. 1. 装满，使充满 2. 索价，收费3.（常与介词with连用）控告，指控4. 充电chronic(al) a. 慢性的，延续很长的cite vt. 引用，引证，举例clue n. 线索，暗示，提示code n. 1. 规则，法规 2. 密码，代码colleague n. 同事，同僚comfort vt. 使安慰，使舒适n. 1. 安慰，慰劳 2. 舒适，惬意，安逸construct vt. 构筑，建造n. 构筑物，建筑物，构想contact n. 接触，联系；联络员；带菌者vt. 接触，联系crack n. 1. 裂纹，裂缝 2. 爆裂声，噼啪声vt./vi. 1.（使）破裂，（使）爆裂 2.（使）发噼啪声curiosity n. 好奇（心）cycle n. 1. 周期，循环 2. 自行车vi. 1. 循环 2. 骑自行车desirable a. 1. 理想的 2. 称心的develop v t./vi. 1.（使）发达，（使）发展 2. 开发，研制3.（使）显影4. 发育，生长，进化device n. 1. 设计，方法 2. 装置，设备divorce n. 1. 离婚 2. 分离，分裂vt. 1. 同…离婚 2. 分离，脱离eliminate vt. 消灭，消除，除去，排出entertainment n. 1. 款待，招待 2. 游艺，表演文娱节目escape vi./vt. 1. 逃跑，逃脱，避免，避开 2. （液体等）漏出，漏气n. 逃跑，逃脱，逸出essential a. 1.（常与介词to连用）必要的，必不可少的2. 根本的，本质的n. （常用复数）本质，要点exception n. 除外，例外exhaust v t. 用尽，耗尽；使疲竭n. 排气装置；废气expand v t./vi. 1. 张开，展开 2. 扩大，发展expend v t. 花费，耗费（金钱、时间、精力等）expert n. 专家，能手a. 1. 熟练的，老练的2. 内行的fatal a. 1. 致命的 2. 关键的favo(u)r n. 1. 赞赏 2. 偏爱，偏袒 3. 帮助，恩惠，善意的行为vt. 1. 赞成，赞同 2. 偏爱，偏袒feasible a. 可行的，可能的，办得通的female a. 女（性）的，雌性的n. 1. 女人 2. 雌性动物fiction n. 1. 小说 2. 虚构的事物，捏造的故事funeral n./a. 葬礼（的）generation n. 1. 发生，产生 2. 一代，世代3. 生育genetic a. 1. 创始的 2. 遗传学的genuine a. 1. 真实的，真正的2. 真心的，真诚的goal n. 1.（足球运动的）球门 2. （球赛等的）进球，得分3. 目的，目标gossip n. 1. 闲话，流言 2. 闲谈，随笔vi. 说闲话，漫谈；搬弄是非hydraulic a. 水力的，水压的ignore vt. 忽视，不顾imagine v t. 想像，设想，料想，以为indicate vt. 1. 指点，引起注意 2. 指出，表明3.（用手势、灯光等）指示influence n. 1. 影响，感化 2. 势力，权势 3.〈电学〉感应vt. 影响，感化initial a. 最初的，开头的，初期的n. （用复数）姓名的起首字母instruction n. 1.（用复数）命令，指示，用法说明2. 讲授，教导intelligence n. 1. 智力，理解力 2. 情报，消息introduction n. 1. 引导，传入 2. 介绍 3.导言，绪论item n. 1. 条，条款，项目2. 一条（新闻），节目jury n. 陪审委员会，陪审团（英美为12人）latter a. 1. 后面的，末了的2. 后一半的，接近终了的n. 后者layer n. 层（次）list n. 目录，名单，表v. 列举，排列logic n. 1. 逻辑（学） 2. 逻辑性mass n. 1.（大的）团，块，群 2. 大量，众多3. (pl.) 群众，集团microwave n. 微波misery n. 痛苦，悲惨mission n. 1. 使命，任务 2. 代表团mobile a. 1. 可移动的 2. 易变的n. 活动装置narrow a. 1. 狭窄的 2. 范围小的 3. 眼光短浅的，有偏见的nerve n. 1. 神经 2. 勇气official a. 1. 官方的，正式的2. 官员的，公务的n. 官员，高级职员order n. 1. 次序，顺序 2. 正常状况 3. 秩序4. 命令5. 订购，定货6. 等级v. 1. 命令 2. 定购 3 . 整理，安排origin n. 1. 起源，开端 2. 出身，血统ozone n. 1. 臭氧 2.（海岸等的）新鲜空气pattern n. 1. 图案，图样 2. 形式，方式 3. 模范，典范vt. 仿制，模仿permit v. 容许，许可n. 执照，许可证philosopher n. 哲学家，哲人pioneer n. 先驱，倡导者，开拓者powerful a. 1. 强大的，强有力的 2. 强烈的3. 有影响的，有权力的preserve v t. 1. 保藏，保存 2. 保护，维持 3. 防腐，腌制process n. 1. 过程，进程 2. 工序，制作法 3. 诉讼vt. 加工，处理production n. 1. 生产，制造 2. 生产量 3. 产品，作品publish v. 1. 出版，刊印 2. 公布，发表punishment n. 处罚，惩罚quarter n. 1. 四分之一 2. 一刻钟 3. 地区，区域4.（pl.）住处5.（美元）两角五分range n. 1. 范围，领域 2. （山）脉 3. 射击场vt. 1. 排列成行 2. 把…分类vi. 1. 列成行，并列2. 绵亘，延伸3.(一定范围内)变动，变化rare a. 1. 稀少的，稀薄的2. 极好的，珍奇的ad. 很，非常react vi. 1. 反应 2. 起作用，有影响3. 反抗recite vt./vi. 背诵，朗诵reinforce vt. 加强，增援reluctant a. 不愿意的，勉强的remedy n. 1. 治疗，治疗法 2. 补救法vt. 1. 医治 2. 补救，纠正remote a. 1. 遥远的，偏僻的 2.（关系）不密切的，疏远的represent vt. 1. 代表，代理 2. 表示，象征require vt. 要求，需求requirement n. 要求，需求retard n. 阻止，延迟vt. 妨碍，延迟，使减速return vi./n. 1. 回去，归来 2. 还，归还vt. 1. 归还，送回 2. 回报，报答a. 1. 回程的 2. 回报的review vt./n. 1. 回顾，审视 2. 复习 3. 评论vi. 评论，写评论rhythm n. 1. 节奏，韵律 2. 有规律的循环运动running n. 1. 跑，赛跑 2.（机器等的）开动，运转3. 经营，运行a. 1. 跑着的，跑步用的 2.（水）流动的3. 连续的，接连不断的scan ] n. 浏览，扫描v. 浏览，扫描sequence n. 1. 连续，系列 2. 次序，顺序sight n. 1. 视力，视觉 2. 看，观看 3. 景物，景象4. 视野5.（pl.）名胜6. 看法，见解vt. 看见，观测significant a. 1. 有意义的，意味深长的 2. 重要的，重大的special a. 1. 特别的，特殊的 2. 特别好的，格外的n. 特别的事或物spirit n. 1. 精神，心灵 2. 精灵，妖精3.（pl.）情绪，心境4.（pl.）酒精，烈性酒stand vi. 1. 站立，竖立 2. 站起，起立3. 放置，位于4. 处于某种状态vt. 1. 使站立，竖放 2. 忍受，经受n. 1. 货摊，售货台2. 置物架3. 看台，观众席4. 立场，态度steady a. 稳定的，稳固的strengthen vt. 加强，巩固substance n. 1. 物质 2. 实质，本质 3. 要义，主要部分succeed v i. 1. 成功 2. 继承，接着发生vt. 接替，接…之后suppose vt. 假定，料想sweat n. 汗（水）v. （使）出汗teaching n. 1. 教学，执教，任教，讲授 2.（复数）教诲，教义tolerate vt. 容忍，忍受，容许transfer vt. 1. 转移，转换 2. 转让，过户n. 1. 迁移，转移 2. 改乘，换车transportation n. 1. 运输 2. 运输系统（工具）treat v. 1. 对待，看待 2. 治疗 3. 招待n. 款待，请客unique a. 1. 唯一的 2. 独特的，异常的n. 独一无二的事物unknown [ a. 1. 未知的 2. 无名的 3. 陌生的veto n. 否决权vt. 使用否决权vi. 否决，禁止vital a. 1. 极其重要的 2. 有生命的，生气勃勃的3. 致命的weak a. 1. 虚弱的，无力的2.（能力等）差的，弱的3. 微弱的，淡薄的willing a. 愿意的，心甘情愿的yield [ji:ld] vt. 1. 生产，出产 2. 放弃vi. 屈服，服从n. 产量，收益。
同等学力英语词汇表
同等学力英语词汇表同等学力英语考试是为了评估非英语专业学生在英语方面的能力而设置的考试，相比于其他英语考试，同等学力英语考试更注重词汇的掌握。
因此，掌握一定量的词汇对于顺利通过考试至关重要。
下面是同等学力英语词汇表，供考生参考和学习。
一、日常生活词汇1. Greeting- Hello：你好- Hi：嗨/你好- Good morning/Good afternoon/Good evening：早上好/下午好/晚上好- How are you?：你好吗？- I'm fine, thank you. And you?：我很好，谢谢。
你呢？2. Numbers- Zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten：零，一，二，三，四，五，六，七，八，九，十- Eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty：十一，十二，十三，十四，十五，十六，十七，十八，十九，二十- Twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three, twenty-four, twenty-five, twenty-six, twenty-seven, twenty-eight, twenty-nine, thirty：二十一，二十二，二十三，二十四，二十五，二十六，二十七，二十八，二十九，三十3. Food and Drinks- Breakfast, lunch, dinner：早餐，午餐，晚餐- Bread, rice, noodles：面包，米饭，面条- Water, milk, juice：水，牛奶，果汁- Coffee, tea, soda：咖啡，茶，汽水- Chicken, beef, fish：鸡肉，牛肉，鱼4. Time and Date- Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday：星期一，星期二，星期三，星期四，星期五，星期六，星期天- January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December：一月，二月，三月，四月，五月，六月，七月，八月，九月，十月，十一月，十二月- Today, tomorrow, yesterday：今天，明天，昨天- Morning, afternoon, evening, night：早晨，下午，傍晚，夜晚二、学术词汇1. Education- School, college, university：学校，大学，大学- Teacher, student, classmate：老师，学生，同学- Homework, assignment, exam：作业，任务，考试- Degree, diploma, certificate：学位，文凭，证书- Lecture, seminar, workshop：讲座，研讨会，工作坊2. Science- Biology, chemistry, physics：生物学，化学，物理学- Experiment, theory, hypothesis：实验，理论，假设- Medicine, technology, engineering：医学，技术，工程学- Research, analysis, conclusion：研究，分析，结论- Laboratory, microscope, petri dish：实验室，显微镜，培养皿3. Business- Company, corporation, organization：公司，企业，组织- Management, marketing, finance：管理，市场营销，金融- Product, service, customer：产品，服务，顾客- Entrepreneur, manager, employee：创业家，经理，员工- Profit, loss, investment：利润，亏损，投资4. Literature- Novel, poem, drama：小说，诗歌，戏剧- Writer, poet, playwright：作家，诗人，剧作家- Character, plot, setting：人物，情节，背景- Metaphor, symbolism, imagery：比喻，象征，意象- Protagonist, antagonist, narrator：主人公，反派，叙述者三、常用短语和表达1. Greetings and Farewells- How do you do?：您好- Nice to meet you.：很高兴见到您- Have a nice day!：祝您愉快！- Take care!：保重！2. Asking for Help- Can you help me?：你能帮我吗？- I need your assistance.：我需要你的帮助。
同等学力申硕英语词汇R-Z
同等学力申硕英语词汇带音标、释义完美整理版(4)Rrabbit ['ræbit] n.兔子race [reis] n.种族；竞赛；vt.使全速行进；vi.疾走racial ['rei☞☜l] a.种族的，人种的rack [ræk] n.架，行李架racket ['rækit] n.球拍radar ['reidɑ:] n.雷达radiant ['reidi☜nt]a.容光焕发的；光芒四射的；辐射的radiate ['reidieit] vt.辐射，散发；vi.发射(光、热等)；散发radiation [ reidi'ei☞☜n] n.辐射(线/能)*radical ['rædik☜l] a.激进的；彻底的；(数学)根的；基本的*radio ['reidi☜u] n.收音机；无线电radioactive [ reidi☜u'æktiv] a.放射性的radium ['reidi☜m] n.镭radius ['reidi☜s] n.半径rag [ræg] n.破布；(pl.)破旧衣服rage [reid✞] n.大怒，狂暴vi.大怒；(天气等)狂暴raid [reid] n./v.袭击；搜查；抢劫rail [reil] n.(pl.)铁轨；栏杆，围栏railroad ['reilr☜ud] n.铁路railway ['reilwei] n.铁路rain [rein] n.雨；雨天；vi.下雨；vt.使…如雨而下rainbow ['reinb☜u] n.彩虹raincoat ['reink☜ut] n.雨衣rainy ['reini] a.下雨的，多雨的*raise [rez, reiz] vt.抬起；提出；抚养；募集rally ['ræli] v.集合；恢复(元气) n.汽车拉力赛*random ['rænd☜m] a.随机的；任意的n.偶然的(或随便的)行动*range [reind✞] n.范围；(山)脉；vt.排列成行；vi.并列；绵亘*rank [ræ☠k] n.列；等级；vt.分等；vi.列为；列队rap[ræ☐] vt.抢走，轻敲，使着迷；vi.敲击，交谈；n. 轻敲rape [reip] n.强奸；劫取；vt.强奸；洗劫*rapid ['ræpid] a.迅速的，快速的*rare [re☜] a.稀少的；极好的ad.很，非常*rarely ['re☜li] ad.稀少地，很少地，难得地rash [ræ☞] a.轻率的，鲁莽的；n.皮疹，突然大量出现的事物rat [ræt] n.老鼠*rate [reit] n.比率；等级；价格；vt.评级；列为*rather ['rɑ:ð☜] ad.有些；宁可；更确切地；相反地rating ['reiti☠] n.评价，估计，评分；等级，规格*ratio ['rei☞i☜u] n.比，比率，比例rational ['ræ☞☜n☜l] a.理性的；合理的*raw [r :] a.生的；未加工的；未经训练的ray [rei] n.光线，射线*reach [ri:t☞] vt.到达；伸手；vi.达到；n.伸出；区域*react [ri'ækt] vi.反应；起反应，有影响；反抗reaction [ri'æk☞☜n] n.反应；化学反应，反作用(力)；反动reactionary [ri:'æk☞☜n☜ri] a.反动的n.反动分子，反动派*read [ri:d] n.辨认；读数为vi.阅读；读到reader ['ri:d☜] n.读者；读物，读本reading ['ri:di☠] n.阅读，读书；读物，选读；读数*ready ['redi] a.准备好的，现成的；乐意的；迅速的*real [ri☜l] a.真实的，现实的realisation[ ri☜lai'zei☞☜n] n.实现，完成realism['ri☜liz☜m] n. 现实主义，实在论realistic [ri☜'listik] a.现实的，现实主义的；逼真的reality [ri'æliti] n.现实，实际；真实，逼真realization [ ri☜lai'zei☞☜n] n.实现；认识到，深刻了解*realize/- ise ['ri☜laiz] vt.认识到，了解；实现*really ['ri☜li] ad.真正地，确实地realm [relm] n.王国，国度；领域，范围reap [ri:p] vt.收获(庄稼)；获得，得到；vi.收割，收获rear [ri☜] n.后面vt.抚养，饲养；抬起，举起*reason ['ri:z☜n] n.理由；理性：理智；vt.论证；劝说；vi.推理*reasonable ['ri:z☜n☜bl] a.合理的，公道的；讲理的，明理的reassure [ ri:☜'☞u☜] vt.使(某人)安心rebel ['reb☜l] vi.反抗；抵抗n.反叛者rebellion[ri'belj☜n] n.叛乱，反抗，谋反，不服从rebound [ ri:'baund] n.回弹，篮板球；v.回升，(使)弹回；重新装订*recall [ri'k :l] vt./n.回想，忆起；收回，召回recede [ri'si:d] vi.后退，减弱；vt.归还*receipt [ri'si:t] n.收据，收条；收到*receive [ri'si:v] vt.受到；接受；接待；遭受receiver [ri'si:v☜] n.电话听筒；收音机；接待者*recent ['ri:s☜nt] a.最近的，近来的；近代的*recently ['ri:s☜ntli] ad.最近，近来reception [ri'sep☞☜n] n.接待，欢迎；招待会；(旅馆)接待处receptionist[ri'sep☞☜nist] n.接待员，招待员，传达员receptor [ri'sept☜] n.接受器，感受器，受体recession [ri'se☞☜n] n.商业萧条时期，不景气；退却，后退recipe ['resipi] n.食谱；方法，窍门recipient [ri'sipi☜nt] n.接受者reciprocal[ri'sipr☜k☜●] a. 相互的，互惠的；n.倒数recite [ri'sait] vt./vi.背诵，朗诵reckless ['reklis] a.粗心大意的，鲁莽的reckon ['rek☜n] v.考虑，认为；想，料想；计算*recognition [ rek☜g'ni☞☜n] n.承认，认可；认出，识别*recognize/-ise ['rek☜gnaiz] vt.承认，认可；认出，识别*recommend [ rek☜'mend] vt.推荐，介绍；建议，劝告recommendation [ rek☜men'dei☞☜n] n.推荐(信)，介绍(信)；建议，劝告*reconcile[ ❒♏☜⏹♦♓●]v.使协调；使和谐；(to)使顺从，使甘心于*record ['rek :d, ri'k :d] n.记录；纪录；vt.记录；录音；a.创纪录的recorder [ri'k :d☜] n.录音机，记录器；记录者recount [ri'k♋◆nt] vt.叙述，重新计算；n.重算*recover [ri'k✈v☜] vt.恢复，痊愈；收回，重新获得recovery [ri'k✈v☜ri] n.恢复，痊愈；收回，复得recreation [ rekri'ei☞☜n] n.娱乐，消遣*recruit [ri'kru:t] v.征募新兵；补充；n.新兵，新成员rectangular[rek't✌☠gjul☜]a.长方形的，矩形的rectify ['rektifai]vt.纠正，修复recur[ri'k☜:]vi.再发生，重现recyclable [ ri:'saik☜♌l]a. 可循环再用的recycle [ ri:'saik☜l]v.再制造利用(废物等)red [red] a.红的，红色的；n.红色；红色衣服*reduce [ri'dju:s] vt.减少；使…变低；贬低；vi.减小；减肥*reduction [ri'd✈k☞☜n] n.减少，缩减；(数学)约简redundant[ri'd✈nd☜nt]a.被解雇的；多余的，过剩的reel [ri:l] n.卷筒，线轴；v.卷，绕*refer [ri'f☜:] vi.提到；查阅；vt.叫(人)去…；把…归因于referee[ ref☜'ri:] n.裁判，公断人reference ['ref☜r☜ns] n.参考，查阅；参考文献；介绍人；提及*refine [ri'fain] v.精炼，精制，提纯；使有教养，使文雅refinery [ri'fain☜ri] n.精炼厂，冶炼厂*reflect [ri'flekt] vt.反射；反映；vi.反射；仔细考虑，思考reflection [ri'flek☞☜n] n.映象，倒影；反射；沉思，熟虑*reform [ri'f :m] v.改革；改造；重新组成n.改革；改过*refrain[❒♓♐❒♏♓⏹]vt.(from)抑制，戒除；n.(诗歌的)叠句，副歌*refresh [ri'fre☞] v.提神，振作；(使)清新refreshment [ri'fre☞❍☜⏹♦] n.(精力)恢复，爽快；(pl.)茶点，点心refrigerator [ri'frid✞☜reit☜] n.冰箱；冷藏室*refuge ['refju:d✞] n.避难(处)，庇护(所)refugee [ refju'd✞i:] n.难民，避难者refund [ri'f✈nd] v.归还，偿还；n.归还(额)，偿还(额)*refusal [ri'fju:z☜l] n.拒绝，谢绝*refuse [ri'fju:z, ri'fju:s] v.拒绝，谢绝；n.废料，垃圾refute[ri'fju:t]vt.驳斥，驳倒*regard [ri'gɑ:d] vt.把…看作；注意；对待；n.注意；尊敬*regarding [ri'gɑ:di☠] prep.关于regardless [ri'gɑ:dl is] ad.不管后果；a.不留心的，不注意的regime [rei'd✞i:m] n.政府，政权；政治制度regiment ['red✞im☜nt] n.(军队)团；vt.把…编组成团；统一制定…*region ['ri:d✞☜n] n.地区，区域；领域，范围*register ['red✞ist☜] v.注册；显示；登记，挂号n.登记registration [ red✞i'strei☞☜n] n.记录，登记，注册*regret [ri'gret] vt.后悔；遗憾vi.感到懊悔n.懊悔*regular ['regjul☜] a.定期的；正规的；匀称的*regulate ['regjuleit] vt.管理，控制；调整，校准*regulation [ regju'lei☞☜n] n.规则，条例，法令；管制，控制；调节rehearsal [ri'h☜:s☜l]n.预演，排练rehearse[ri'h☜:s]v.排练，排演reign[rein]n.君主统治(时期)；vi.统治；占主导地位rein[rein]n.缰绳；vt.勒缰使(马)停步*reinforce [❒♓♓⏹♐♦]vt.加强，增援*reject[❒♓♎✞♏♦]vt.拒绝接受，抵制，驳回*rejoice [❒♓♎✞♓♦] vi.欣喜；庆祝；vt.使欣喜，使高兴*relate [ri'leit] vt.使有联系；叙述，讲；vi.与…有关系*related[❒♓●♏♓♦♓♎]a.叙述的, 讲述的,有关系的*relation [❒♓●♏♓☞☜⏹] n.家人，亲戚；关系；叙述，陈述*relationship[❒♓●♏♓☞☜⏹☞♓☐] n.关系；亲属关系*relative ['rel☜tiv] a.相对的，相关的；n.亲人，亲属relativity [ rel☜'tiviti] n.相对论；相关(性)*relax [ri'læks] vt.使放松；缓和，放宽；vi.放松；松懈relay ['ri:lei, ri:'lei]n.接力赛；中继转播(设备)；vt.转述；转播*release [ri'li:s] vt./n.释放；发行，发表；免除*relevant ['rel☜v☜nt] a.相关的，切题的；中肯的，恰当的reliable [ri'lai☜bl] a.可靠的；确实的reliance [ri'lai☜ns] n.依靠，信赖；依靠的人/物*relief [ri'li:f] n.(痛苦、烦恼等的)解除；救济；浮雕*relieve [ri'li:v] vt.减轻；免除；救济；vi.救济，成浮雕*religion[❒♓●♓♎✞☜⏹] n.宗教*religious [ri'lid✞☜s] a.宗教的reluctance [❒♓●✈♦☜⏹♦]n.不愿意，勉强；[电]磁阻；反应式*reluctant[❒♓●✈♦☜⏹♦]a.不愿意的，勉强的*rely [ri'lai] vi.依靠*remain [ri'mein] vi.停留，留下；保持，依然remainder[ri'meind☜]n.余下的部分，剩下的人数*remark [ri'mɑ:k] n.评论；注意vt.说；注意vi.评论，谈论*remarkable [ri'mɑ:k☜bl] a.显著的，了不起的*remedy ['remidi] n.治疗；补救法vt.医治；补救*remember [ri'memb☜] vt.记起；牢记；vi.记得，记起*remind [ri'maind] vt.提醒，使想起reminiscence [ rem☜'nis☜ns] n.旧事，回忆；回忆录remnant ['remn☜nt]n.残留部分remote [ri'm☜ut] a.遥远的，偏僻的；(关系)不密切的，疏远的removal [ri'mu:v☜l] n.移动，撤掉；除去，拆除；解职，免任*remove [ri'mu:v] v.除去，脱掉，消除；移动，移开；免职renaissance[ri'neis☜ns]n.[the R-](文艺) 复兴(时期)*render ['rend☜] vt.致使，使成为；给予；翻译；提出renew [ri'nju:] v.继续，重新开始；使更新，更换renewable [ri'nju:☜♌☜●]a.可继续的，可续订的；可更新的；可再生的；可翻新的renowned[ri'naund]a.著名的，有声望的；v.使有声誉*rent [rent] vt.租用；出租；vi.出租；n.租金*repair [ri'pe☜] vt.修理；补救；n.修理，修补；维修状况repay [ri'pei] v.还钱给(某人)，偿还；报答*repeat [ri'pi:t] vt.重说；重复；背诵；vi.重述；n.重复；重播repeatedly [ri'pi:tidli] a.反复地，再三地repel[ri'pel]vt.使厌恶；击退，逐回，驱除；排斥repertoire ['rep☜twɑ:]n.(剧团、演员等的)全部节目repetition [ repi'ti☞☜n] n.重复，反复*replace [ri'pleis] vt.把…放回原处；取代；替换，更换replacement [ri'pleism☜nt] n.取代，替换，交换；替代品，代用品*reply [ri'plai] n.回答，答复*report [❒♓☐♦] vt./n.报告，报道；汇报；vi.报到；报告reporter [ri'p :t☜] n.记者，新闻广播员*represent[❒♏☐❒♓♏⏹♦]vt.代表，代理；表示，象征representation [ reprizen'tei☞☜n] n.代表；表现*representative[❒♏☐❒♓♏⏹♦☜♦♓]n.代表,代理人；a.典型的，有代表性的repression[ri:'p❒♏☞☜n] n.压抑，压制，镇压repressive[ri:'p❒♏♦♓] a.抑制的，镇压的；压抑的reproach [ri'pr☜ut☞]vt.责备，批评*reproduce[❒♓☐❒☜♎◆♦]vt.复制；再现；繁殖，生殖republic [ri'p✈blik] n.共和国，共和政体republican [ri'p✈blik☜n] a.共和政体的；n.共和党人*reputation [repju'tei☞☜n] n.名声，名望*request [ri'kwest] n./vt.请求；需要*require [ri'kwai☜] vt.要求，需求requirement [ri'kwai☜m☜nt] n.要求，需求*rescue ['reskju:] vt./n.救援rescuer['reskju:☜] n.救助者*research [ri's☜:t☞] vi./n.研究，探讨*resemblance[❒♓♏❍♌●☜⏹♦]n.类同之处*resemble [ri'zembl] vt.像，相似*resent [ri'zent] vt.愤恨，憎恶，怨恨resentment [ri'zentm☜nt] n.愤恨，怀恨reservation [ rez☜'vei☞☜n] n.保留(条件)；预定*reserve [ri'z☜:v] vt.储备；预定；n.储备(物)；保留地；节制reservoir ['rez☜vwɑ:] n.水库，蓄水池reshuffle[ri'☞✈♐☜l]n.改组（尤指政治组织）；重新洗牌vt.& vi改组；重新洗牌；重作安排*reside[ri'zaid]vi.居住，定居；(in)(性质等)存在，在于residence ['rezid☜ns] n.住宅，住处resident ['rezid☜nt] n.居民；a.居住的，住院的，住校的residential [ rezi'den☞☜l] a.居住的*resign [ri'zain] vt.辞职；使听(顺)从；vi.辞职resignation[ rezig'nei☞☜⏹]n.辞职；辞职书；顺从；听从*resist [ri'zist] vt.抵抗，反抗*resistance [ri'zist☜ns] n.阻力，抵抗；电阻resistant [ri'zist☜nt] a.抵抗的，反抗的resolution [ rez☜'lu:☞☜n] n.决议(案)；决心，决定*resolve [ri'z lv] vt.解决；决定；决议；分解；n.决心resort [ri'z :t] vi.诉诸，凭借；n.度假胜地*resource [ri's :s] n.(pl.)资源，财源；机智，智谋*respect [ri'spekt] n.尊敬；关心；方面；vt.尊敬；考虑respectable[ri'spekt☜b☜l] a.可敬的；品行端正的；可观的，相当大的；体面的respectful [ri'spektful] a.尊敬的，尊重的，恭敬的respective [ri'spektiv] a.各自的respectively [ri'spektivli] ad.独自地；个别的，分别的*respond [ri'sp nd] vi.回答，做答；反应；vt.回答respondent[ri'sp nd☜nt] n.回答者；[法]（特指离婚诉讼的）被告；[生]反应，反射；a.应答的；有反应的；[法]被告的*response[❒♓♦☐⏹♦] n.回答，回应；反应，反响*responsibility [❒♓♦☐⏹♦☜♌♓●♓♦♓] n.责任，职责*responsible[❒♓♦☐⏹♦☜♌●] a.应负责的，有责任心的responsive[❒♓♦☐⏹♦♓]a.应答的，响应的；反应灵敏的；共鸣的；易反应的*rest [rest] n.休息；安静vi.休息；搁(在) vt.使休息n.剩余部分；其余的人restaurant ['rest☜r☜nt] n.餐馆，饭店restless ['restlis] a.不安宁的，焦虑的restoration [ rest☜'rei☞☜n] n.恢复；归还*restore [ri'st :] vt.把…恢复原状；归还，交还*restrain[❒♓♦♦❒♏♓⏹]vt.抑制、制止，遏制、控制restraint[❒♓♦♦❒♏♓⏹♦] n.抑制，克制；控制，限制；拘束；约束力*restrict [ri'strikt] vt.限制，约束restructure [ ri'str✈kt☞☜] v.重建；调整；重组*result [ri'z✈lt] n.结果，效果，成果；计算结果，答案resume [ri'zju:m] vt.继续；回到vi.再开始，继续retail ['ri:teil, ri'teil] v./n.零售ad.以零售价格retailer ['ri:teil☜] n.零售商*retain [ri'tein] vt.保持，保留retell [ ri:'tel] vt.复述，再讲*retire [ri'tai☜] vi.退休，退职；退下，离开；隐居，隐退retort [ri't :t]v.／n.反驳，回嘴retreat [ri'tri:t] vi.撤退，退却n.撤退；僻静的地方，休养所retrieval [ri'tri:v☜l] n.收回，挽回；检索retrieve [ri'tri:v] vt.重新得到，取回；挽回，补救；检索retrospect ['retr☜spekt]n.回顾retrospective [ retr☜'spektiv]a.回顾的；怀旧的；[法]有追溯力的；可追溯的；n.回顾展*return [ri't☜:n] vi./n.回去；还vt.归还；回报a.回程的reunification [ ri: ju:nifi'kei☞☜n]n.重新统一；重新团结reunion [ri:'ju:nj☜n]n.重聚，团聚；(久别后的)聚会reunite[ ri:ju:'nait] vt. 使重聚，使再结合；vi. 重聚，再结合，再联合*reveal [ri'vi:l] vt.显示，显露；泄露，揭发revelation [ rev☜'lei☞☜n] n.揭示，透露，显示；被揭示的真相，新发现revenge [ri'vend✞] vt./n.报复，复仇revenue ['revinju:] n.税收*reverse [ri'v☜:s] v.颠倒，倒转；使倒退n./a.颠倒(的)reversible[ri'v☜:s☜♌●]a.可逆的，可撤销的，可反转的；n.双面布料revert [ri'v☜:t]vi.回复，重提，返祖遗传，归还；vt.使回复原状；n.恢复原状者*review [ri'vju:] vt./n.回顾，审视；复习；评论vi.评论reviewer[ri'vju:☜] n. 评论者，评论家*revise [ri'vaiz] vt.修订(文字、书籍等)；修改，改变revive [ri'vaiv] v.(使)复活；(使)复兴revolt [ri'v☜ult] v.起义，造反；厌恶，反感n.反抗，造反*revolution [ rev☜'lu:☞☜n] n.革命，大变革；旋转；周期，循环revolutionary [ rev☜'lju:☞☜n☜ri] a.革命的；旋转的n.革命者，革命党人revolve [ri'v lv] v.旋转，转动*reward [ri'w :d] n.回报，报答；报酬，酬金vt.报答，酬谢rhythm ['rið☜m] n.节奏，韵律；有规律的循环运动rib [rib] n.肋骨ribbon ['rib☜n] n.条带，带子rice [rais] n.稻米，米饭*rich [rit☞] a.富有的；丰富的；肥沃的n.(pl.)财富*rid[rid]vt.使摆脱，使去掉*ride [raid] v.骑(马)、驾(车)；n.乘坐，旅行ridge [rid✞] n.山脊；鼻梁；分水岭ridiculous [ri'dikjul☜s] a.荒谬的，可笑的rifle ['raifl] n.步枪，来福枪*right [rait] a.右边的；正确的n.右；权利；ad.对rightist ['raitist]n.右派，保守主义者rights[raits] n.权利，权限，认股权right-wing a.右翼的，右派的*rigid ['rid✞id] a.僵硬的，刻板的；严格的rigorous['rig☜r☜s]a.严密的，缜密的；严格的，严厉的rim [rim]n.(圆形物体的)边，缘；vt.绕...边缘*ring [ri☠] n.圈；戒指vi.鸣响；按铃；vt.按铃；打电话riot ['rai☜t] n.骚乱，暴动vi.闹事，骚乱rip [rip] v.撕裂，扯开*ripe[❒♓☐]v.成熟;a.熟的, 成熟的,时机成熟的*rise [raiz] vi.上升；升起；站起；n.增加；加薪；高地*risk [risk] n./vt.(冒)风险risky ['riski] a. 危险的，冒险的ritual ['ritju☜l] a.宗教仪式的，典礼的；n.仪式；例行公事*rival ['raiv☜l] n.竞争者a.竞争的；vt.与…竟争；比得上rivalry['raiv☜lri]n.竞争，竞赛，对抗river ['riv☜] n.江，河road [r☜ud] n.道路；途径*roar [r :] vi.吼叫；轰隆震响；呼喊(声)*roast [r☜ust] v.烤，炙，烘*rob [r b] vt.抢劫；非法剥夺，使丧失robbery [' r b☜ri] n.抢劫robot ['r b☜t] n.机器人robust[r☜u'b✈st]a.强壮的，健康的rock [r k] n.岩石；摇摆；vt.摇动；使震惊；vi.摇动rocket ['r kit] n.火箭；vi.如火箭般上升rod [r d] n.棍，棒*role [r☜ul] n.角色；作用，任务*roll [r☜ul] vi.卷；摇晃；vt.使滚动；使摇摆；n.卷；名册roller ['r☜ul☜] n.滚筒，卷轴；压路机romance [r☜u'mæns]n.恋情，浪漫史；传奇性；爱情故事romantic [r☜u'mæntik] a.罗曼蒂克的；多情的；不切实际的roof [ru:f] n.顶，房顶，屋脊room [ru:m] n.房间，卧室；余地，空间rooster['ru:st☜] n.公鸡，狂妄自负的人*root [ru:t] n.根，根源；vi.生根rope [r☜up] n.绳索rose [r☜uz] n.玫瑰，蔷薇；玫瑰色，粉红色*rot [r t] v.(使)腐烂，(使)堕落rotary ['r☜ut☜ri] a.旋转的rotate [r☜u'teit] v.(使)旋转；(使)轮流，(使)循环rotten ['r t☜n] a.腐烂的，腐朽的；讨厌的，令人不快的*rough [r✈f] a.表面粗糙的；粗野的；大致的；ad.粗暴地*round [raund] a.圆的；往返的；prep.围绕；ad.在周围n.一圈；回合；v.绕行，使成圆形；兜圈rouse [rauz] vt.激起，使振奋；唤起，唤醒*route [ru:t] n.路线，路程routine [ru:'ti:n] n.例行公事，常规；a.常规的，例行的*row [r☜u] n.行，排；v.划(船等)*royal ['r i☜l] a.皇家的，王室的；盛大的，堂皇的royalty ['r i☜lti] n.皇室，特许权*rub [r✈b] v.擦，搓；n.摩，擦；障碍，困难rubber ['r✈b☜] n./a.橡胶(的)，橡皮*rubbish ['r✈bi☞] n.垃圾，废物；废话，胡说八道*rude[❒◆♎]a.粗鲁的，不礼貌的；粗糙的，粗陋的rug [r✈g]n.小地毯，毛皮地毯；［美俚］男子假发*ruin ['ru:in] vt./vi.毁灭；(使)破产n.毁灭；(pl.)废墟*rule [ru:l] vt./vi.统治；裁决；n.规则；习惯；支配ruler ['ru:l☜] n.统治者；尺子rumo(u)r ['ru:m☜] n.谣言，谣传；传说*run [r✈n] vi.跑；(车辆)行驶；vt.跑过；n.(赛)跑rupture ['r✈pt☞☜]n.破裂；(关系的)决裂；v.(使)破裂rural ['ru☜r☜l] a.农村的，乡村的*rush [r✈☞] vi.冲；匆忙行动vt.使急行；n.冲；抢购rust [r✈st] n.锈v.生锈；(脑子)衰退Ssabotage['s✌b☜tɑ:✞]vt./ n.阴谋破坏，蓄意破坏；捣乱sack[s✌k]n.麻袋；洗劫；(英俚)解雇；vt.解雇；把…装进袋里；掠夺sacred ['seikrid]a.神圣的；宗教(性)的；神圣不可侵犯的*sacrifice [ ♦✌❒♓♐♋♓♦]vt.牺牲*sad [♦✌♎]a.(使人)悲伤的saddle [ ♦✌♎●●]n.马鞍；（自行车或摩托车的）车座；鞍形架，鞍状物；（动物的）脊肉；vt.&vi.给（马）装鞍；vt.使承担*safe [♦♏♓♐]a.安全的；n.保险柜*safeguard['seifgɑ:d]vt.保护，维护n.预防措施，保证条款*safety [ ♦♏♓♐♦♓]n.安全,保险*sail [♦♏♓●] n.航行；v.航行，开航sailing [ ♦♏♓●♓☠]n. 航海sailor [ ♦♏♓●☜] n. 水手,海员saint[♦♏♓⏹♦] n.圣人般的人(指特别善良、仁爱或有耐性的人)；圣…(冠于人名、地名之前)；(因其生死言行而被基督教会追封的)圣人；圣徒；vt.成为圣徒；把…视为圣徒*sake[♦♏♓]n.缘故，理由salad [ ♦✌●☜♎]n.色拉(西餐中的一种凉拌菜)salary [ ♦✌●☜❒♓]n.薪金,薪水*sale [♦♏♓●]n.卖，出售salesman [ ♦♏♓●❍☜⏹]n.男售货员salt [♦●♦]n.盐salute[♦☜●◆♦]v.&n.敬礼salvation[s✌l'vei☞☜n]n.拯救，解救；解救措施*same[♦♏♓❍]a.相同的，一样的；pron.同样的人或事*sample[ ♦❍☐●]n.样品，标本 vt.抽样检查sanction [ sæ☠k☞☜n] n.制裁，处罚；批准，认可；约束力；鼓励；vt.批准；鼓励，容忍sand [♦✌⏹♎] n.沙，沙子sandstorm [ ♦✌⏹♎♦♦m] n.沙暴，尘暴sandwich [ ♦✌⏹♦♓♎✞]n.三明治(夹心面包片)sarcasm [sɑ:'k✌stik]SARS abbr.Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome 严重急性呼吸道综合征；俗称非典型肺炎satellite[ ♦✌♦☜●♋♓♦]n.卫星*satisfaction [ ♦✌♦♓♦♐✌☞☜⏹]n. 满意*satisfactory[♦✌♦♓♦♐✌♦☜❒♓]a.满足的，满意的*satisfied[♊♦✌♦✋♦♐♋✋♎]a.感到满意的*satisfy[ ♦✌♦♓♦♐♋♓]vt.满足，使满意saturate['s✌t☞☜reit] vt.使湿透，浸透；使充满，使饱和Saturday[ ♦✌♦☯♎♓]n.星期六sauce [♦♦]n.酱汁，调味汁saucer [ ♦♦☜] n. 茶碟,茶托,小圆盘sausage[ ♦♦♓♎✞]n. 香肠,腊肠savage [ ♦✌♓♎✞] n. 野蛮人,未开化的人*save[♦♏♓]vt. 救,挽救,节省saving [ seiv♓☠] n.节约,节俭,储蓄金,挽救；v.拯救( save的现在分词),收集,保留,避免；prep.除…以外；a.可取的，保存的；节省的，节约的；补偿的，救助的saw[♦]n.锯；谚语，格言；vt.& vi.往复移动；锯成；用锯；拉锯v.看见（see的过去式）；观看；领会；考虑*say[♦♏♓]vt.说；说明，表明；比如说，假定；vi.说，发表意见；n.发言权，决定权；意见*saying [ ♦♏♓♓☠] n. 说,俗话,谚语*scale[♦♏♓●]n.刻度，尺度；(pl.)天平；大小，规模；鱼鳞；vt.攀登；按比例绘制、增减scan[♦✌⏹]vt.<计>扫描；细看；细查；（雷达）对…进行扫描n.扫描；浏览；审视；（雷达）（屏面上的）光点vi.（光束、雷达等）扫描；扫略；（诗歌）符合韵律；标出诗歌的格律scandal['♦✌⏹♎●] n.丑闻，丑名，丑事，丑行，丢脸的事件，舞弊案件，耻辱；流言蜚语；闲话；诽谤scanner['♦✌⏹☜] n.扫描器；扫描设备；检测装置；细查者scar[skɑ:]n.伤疤(痕)；创伤v.留下伤痕(或创伤)*scarce[♦♏☜♦]a.稀少的，不足的scarcely['♦♏☜♦●♓]ad.几乎不，简直不；刚刚，才；决不；(刚)一…就scarcity ['♦♏☜♦♓♦♓]n.不足，缺乏；稀少；萧条scare [♦♏☜]vt.使惊恐，惊吓；使害怕，使恐惧；把…吓跑；vi.受惊吓；感到害怕；n.惊恐，惊吓；恐惧；恐慌a.骇人的，令人恐惧的；引起恐慌的；用以吓唬人的*scatter[ ♦✌♦☜]vt.使分散；散布，撒播；vi.消散，溃散*scene[♦♓⏹]n.风景，场景；(戏)一场*scenery[ ♦♓⏹☜❒♓]n.风景，景色*scent[♦♏⏹♦]n.气味，香气；香水*schedule[ ☞♏♎◆●]n.计划，进度表；时刻表，时间表；一览表vt.预定，排定；制作…表，记入…表scheme[♦♓❍]vt.& vi.设计，策划，图谋；n.计划；体系；阴谋scholar [ ♦●☜]n.学者scholarship [ ♦●☜☞♓☐]n.奖学金school[♦◆●]n.学校schooling [ ♦◆●♓☠]n.学校教育；通过经历或体验获得的教育；学费；训练；vt.教育（school的ing形式）；训练science [ ♦♋♓☜⏹♦] n. 科学,自然科学*scientific [♦♋♓☜⏹♦♓♐♓]a.科学的scientist[ ♦♋♓☜⏹♦♓♦♦]n.科学家scissors[ ♦♓☜]n. 剪刀，剪子*scold [♦☜◆●♎] vt. 责骂*scope[♦☜◆☐]n.范围，视野；余地，机会score [♦] n.&v. 得分,分数; 二十*scorn[♦⏹]n./vt.轻蔑，鄙视；拒绝，不屑(做)scout [♦♋◆♦]n.搜索，侦察；侦察员，侦察机，侦察舰，童子军；（牛津大学的）校工；vt.侦察；跟踪，监视；发现；vi.侦察；巡视；嘲笑scramble['skr✌mb☜l]vt.扰乱，搞乱vi./ n.攀登，爬行；争夺*scrap[♦❒✌☐]n.小片，碎片 vt.废弃*scratch [♦❒✌♦☞]vt.搔，抓；勾销，删除；n.抓，搔；抓伤，擦伤*scream[♦❒♓❍]v./n.尖叫*screen [♦❒♓⏹]n.屏风；屏(银)幕vt.掩蔽，遮护；选拔screw[♦❒◆]n.螺丝钉；螺旋桨，螺旋状物；(螺丝的)转，扭；吝啬鬼vt.用螺丝拧紧；扭曲（某人的面孔）；〈俚〉占便宜，诈骗vi.扭转，扭歪；旋紧；（和某人）性交script[♦❒♓☐♦]n.脚本,手迹；书写体铅字；剧本、广播稿或者电影剧本vt.为电影（或戏剧等）写剧本；编造scrub [skr✈b]v.用力擦洗，把…擦净；取消；n.灌木丛scrutiny ['skru:tini]n.详细检查，仔细观察sculpture [ ♦✈●☐♦☞☜]n.雕刻/塑(术)，雕刻作品，雕像sea[♦♓]n.海；海洋seagull [ ♦♓♑✈●]n.海鸥seal [ ♦♓●]n.海豹seam [si:m]n.缝，接缝；煤层seaman [ ♦♓❍☜⏹]n.水手，海员*search [♦☜♦☞] n.&v.搜寻，搜查seashell[ ♦♓☞♏●]n.海贝seaside [ ♦♓♦♋♓♎]n.海滨season [ ♦♓⏹] n.季，季节seat [♦♓♦] n. 座位,座seaweed [ ♦♓♦♓♎]n.[植]海草，海藻*second [ ♦♏☜⏹♎] n.秒；num.第二；a.第二的secondary [ ♦♏☜⏹♎☜❒♓]a.第二的，中等的；助手，副手；中等教育的；间接的；n.副手，代理人；[天]双星中较小较暗的一个，卫星；[语]次重音second-hand [ ♦♏☜⏹♎♒✌⏹♎]n. 二手货，旧货*secret [ ♦♓❒♓♦]n. 秘密，内情secretary [ ♦♏❒☜♦❒♓] n.秘书，书记*section [ ♦♏☞☜⏹] n.段,部分，部门*sector[ ♦♏♦☜]n.部分，部门，[计]扇区,地区,象限,扇形v.使分成部分，把…分成扇形secular[ ♦♏◆●☜]a.现世的，俗界的；长期的，长久的；不朽的；一世纪一次的n.牧师；[宗]俗僧，俗人；(美)(黑人中间流行的)俗歌*secure[♦♓◆☜]a.安全的，牢靠的 vt.得到；使安全，防护security[♦♓◆☜❒♓♦♓] n.安全；保证，担保；保护，防护；有价证券a.安全的，保安的，保密的*see[♦♓]vt.看见；会面，探望；知道，获悉；送行，陪；seed [♦♓♎] n. 种子*seek [♦♓] vt. 试图，探寻*seem [♦♓❍] v. 似乎，好像seemingly['si:mi☠li]ad.表面上，看上去segment[ ♦♏♑❍☜⏹♦] n.部分，段落；环节；[计算机]（字符等的）分段；[动物学]节片；vt.&vi.分割，划分；[生]使分裂segregate['segrigeit]vt.使隔离，使分开segregation[ segri'gei☞☜⏹] n.分离，隔离；种族隔离；[化]分离，偏析；熔析*seize[♦♓]vt.抢占；抓住,抓紧；攻击,侵袭；vi.(on,upon)利用,采用*seldom[ ♦♏●♎☜❍]ad.很少*select[♦♓●♏♦]vt.选择，挑选 a.选择的，精选的selection[♦♓●♏☞☜⏹]n.选择，挑选；被挑选的人[事物]；选萃；[生]选择，淘汰self[♦♏●♐]n.自己，自我，自身*selfish[ ♦♏●♐♓☞]a.自私的*sell(sold, sold) [♦♏●，♦☯◆●♎]vt.卖，出售；出卖，背叛；vi.卖，销售semester [♦♓❍♏♦♦☜]n.（尤指美国的大专院校的）学期semiconductor [ ♦♏❍♓☯⏹♎♦☯] n.<物>半导体seminar [ ♦♏❍♓⏹♋]n.研讨班，讲习会；研讨小组；研讨会；培训会senate [ ♦♏⏹♓♦]n.参议院(美国、法国、澳大利亚等国家的两个立法机构之一)；上院；(某些国家的)大学理事会；大学评议会senator[ ♦♏⏹☜♦☜] n.参议员*send (sent, ~) [♦♏⏹♎] [♦♏⏹♦]v. 打发,派遣;送,邮寄senior [ ♦♓⏹☜] a. & n.年长者(的)，资深的,高年级生(的)，上级*sensation[♦♏⏹♦♏♓☞☜⏹]n.轰动，引起轰动的人或事sensational[♦♏⏹♦♏♓☞☜⏹☜●]a.轰动的；耸人听闻的；极好的；绝妙的*sense [♦♏⏹♦]n.意思，意味；感觉，感知；见识，判断能力；意识，理智；vt.觉得，意识到*sensible[ ♦♏⏹♦☜♌●]a.明理的，明智的*sensitive[ ♦♏⏹♦♓♦♓]a.敏感的，灵敏的；易怒的sensitivity [ ♦♏⏹♦♓♦♓♓♦♓]n.敏感，感受性；仪器等的）灵敏性；[摄]感光度sensual[ ♦♏⏹☞◆☜●] a.感觉的；肉欲的，肉体上的；色情的，淫荡的；世俗的*sentence [ ♦♏⏹♦☜⏹♦] n. 句子sentiment ['sentim☜nt]n.意见，观点；感情，情绪*separate [ ♦♏☐☜❒♏♓♦]v.使分开/离；a.单独分开的September [♦☜☐♦♏❍♌☜]n. 9月*sequence [ ♦♓♦☜⏹♦]n.连续，系列；次序，顺序sergeant ['sɑ:d✞☜nt]n.中士，警官serial['si☜ri☜l]n.连续剧，连载故事；a.连续的*series[ ♦♓☜❒♓]n.系列，序列*serious[ ♦♓☜❒♓☜♦]a.严重的；认真的，严肃的servant [ ♦☜☜⏹♦]n.仆人，佣人*serve [♦☜]vt.招待(顾客等),服务*service [ ♦☜♓♦]n.服务session[ ♦♏⏹☞☜⏹] n.开会，会议；（法庭的）开庭；会期，学期；（进行某活动连续的）一段时间*set (set, set) [♦♏♦][♦♏♦][♦♏♦]vt.释放，安置，设置(背景)；n.装备，设备setback['setb✌k]n.挫折，倒退，失败setting [ ♦♏♦♓☠] n.镶嵌；环境；装置；(某事、戏剧、小说等的)背景v.放(set的现在分词)；安插；树立；安排*settle [ ♦♏♦●] vi. 安家，定居settlement [ ♦♏♦●❍☜⏹♦]n.新拓居地；(美)部落，村落seventeen [ ♦♏☜⏹♦♓⏹]num.十七seventh[ ♦♏☜⏹]num.第七seventy [♦♏⏹♦♓] num.七十*several [ ♦♏❒☜●] pron.几个，数个；a. 若干*severe[♦♓♓☜]a.严重的；严厉的；激烈的，困难的sew (sewed; sewn /sewed)[♦☜◆][♦☯◆♎][♦☯◆⏹]vi.缝，缝制;缝补;缝纫*sex [♦♏♦]n.性，性别*sexual [ ♦♏♦◆☜●]a.性的，两性的；性别的sexy [ ♦♏♦♓]a.性感的，色情的；引起性欲的；诱人的，迷人的；时髦的shabby [ ☞✌♌♓]a.破旧的，破烂的，衣衫褴褛的*shade [☞♏♓♎]n.阴凉处,树荫处*shadow [ ☞✌♎☜◆]n.影子，阴影*shake(shook,shaken)[☞♏♓][☞◆☞♏♓☜⏹]v.(使)动摇，震动shaky[ ☞♏♓♓] a.（地位，信用等）动摇的；（因病、体弱等）摇晃的；虚弱的；不可靠的*shall[☞✌●]aux.v.将，会；必须*shallow [ ☞✌●☜◆]a.浅的，不深的，肤浅的*shame [☞♏♓❍]n.遗憾的事，羞愧*shape [☞♏♓☐]n.形状,外形；v.使成型,制/塑造*share [☞☪☯]vt.分享，共同使用shareholder[ ☞☪☯♒☯◆●♎☯]n.股东；股票持有者shark [☞]n.鲨鱼*sharp [☞☐]a.锋利的，尖的sharpen [ ☞☐☜⏹]v.(使)变锐利，削尖shatter['☞✌t☜]vt.使粉碎，砸碎；使破灭；vi.碎裂*shave [☞♏♓] v.刮(脸,胡子) (-ed; -ed/ -en)shaver [ ☞♏♓☯]n.电动剃须刀she[☞♓]pron.她，它shed[☞♓♎]n.棚，库；分水岭；vt.流出；流下；蜕皮；树叶脱落vi.流出；蜕皮；脱落；散布sheep (复sheep[☞♓☐]n.(绵)羊，羊皮，驯服者sheer[☞♓☯]v.(使)偏航，(使)转向；ad.完全地，全然；垂直地，陡峭地n.舷弧；单锚系泊的船位；偏离的方向；船体型线a.完全的，全然的；极薄的；几乎垂直地，陡峭的；绝对的sheet [☞♓♦] n. 成幅的薄片，薄板shelf (复shelves) [☞♏●♐][☞♏●] n. 架子;搁板;格层;礁;陆架shell[☞♏●]n.(贝、卵、坚果等的)壳；外壳；炮弹；(人的)表面性格vt.去壳，脱落；炮击；vi.剥皮；炮轰shelter [ ☞♏●♦☜]n.掩蔽;隐蔽处shepherd [ ☞♏☐☜♎]n.牧羊人，羊倌；牧师；指导者vt.带领，引导；牧（羊），放牧；照看*shield [☞♓●♎]n.盾；护板；vt.保护，防护*shift[☞♓♐♦]v.变换，转换；变(速)，调(档)；n.转变，更换；轮班，换班*shine (shone, shone 或-d;-d) [☞♋♓⏹][☞⏹]vi.照耀，发光；vt.使发光，擦亮；n.光泽，光辉shiny [ ☞♋♓⏹♓]a.发光的，光亮的；闪耀的；磨亮的；磨损的ship [☞♓☐]n.船，轮船；vi. 用船装运shipment['☞ipm☜nt]n.装运，装船；装载的货物shirt [☞☜♦]n.男衬衫shiver[ ☞♓☯]n.发抖，颤抖；碎块，破片vi.战栗，发抖；vt.由于航行时太靠近风而使（帆）颤动*shock[☞]vt.使震惊shoe[☞◆]n.鞋*shoot (shot, shot)[☞◆♦] n. 嫩枝，芽；vt.射击，射中，发射shop[☞☐]n.商店；工厂；办事处；购物vt.& vi.（到…）去买东西[购物]；逛商店shopping [ ☞☐♓☠]n.买东西shore [☞] n. 滨，岸*short[☞♦]a.短的，短暂的；矮的，低的；缺乏的*shortage[ ☞♦♓♎✞]n.短缺，不足shortcoming [☞♦✈❍♓☠]n.缺点，短处shortly [ ☞♦●♓]ad.不久shorts [☞♦♦]n.短裤，运动短裤short-wave[ ☞♦♦♏♓]n.短波*shot [☞♦]n.射击,开枪,开炮,射击声;子弹*should [☞◆♎]v. mod.应该；v. aux.应该shoulder [ ☞☜◆●♎☜] n. 肩膀;(道路的)路肩*shout [☞♋◆♦] n.&v. 喊，高声呼喊shove ['☞✈v]vt.乱推；乱塞；vi.用力推，挤；n.猛推*show [☞☜◆]n.展示，展览(会)，演出show(showed;shown,showed)[☞☜◆][☞☜◆♎,☞☜◆⏹]]v.给…看,出示,显示*shower [ ☞☜◆☜]n.阵雨，淋浴shrewd[☞ru:d]a.机灵的，敏锐的，精明的*shrink[☞❒♓⏹]vi.萎缩，收缩；缩小，减少shrub [☞r✈b]n.灌木shrug [☞❒✈♑] vt.耸肩（以表示冷淡，怀疑等）；vi.耸肩，提高肩膀n.耸肩；女式短茄克衫或前开襟毛线衫*shut (shut, ~) [☞✈♦][☞✈♦]v. n.关上，封闭，禁闭shutter ['☞✈t☜]n.百叶窗；(照相机的)快门shuttle[ ☞✈♦●]n. (往返两点间的)车、飞机；v.穿梭往返*shy [☞♋♓]a.害羞的*sick [♦♓]a.有病的，患病的；(想)呕吐*side [♦♋♓♎] n.边，旁边，面，侧面sidewalk [ ♦♋♓♎♦]n.(美)人行道(英pavement)*sideways [ ♦♋♓♎♦♏♓]ad.斜向一边的siege [si:d✞]n.包围，围困sieve [siv]n.筛子，漏勺；vt.筛，滤sigh [♦♋♓]vi.叹息，叹气*sight [♦♋♓♦]n.情景，风景；视力sightseeing [ ♦♋♓♦♦♓♓☠]n.游览，观光*sign [♦♋♓⏹]n.符号，标记*signal [ ♦♓♑⏹☜●]n.信号，暗号signature [ ♦♓♑⏹♓♦☞☜]n.签名*significance [♦♓♑⏹♓♐♓☜⏹♦]n.意义；重要性*significant[♦♓♑⏹♓♐♓☜⏹♦]a.有意义的，意味深长的；重要的，重大的signify['signifai]vt.表示…的意思，意味，预示signpost['sign ☐☜◆♦♦]n.指示牌，标志杆；路标*silence[ ♦♋♓●☜⏹♦]n.安静，沉默*silent [ ♦♋♓●☜⏹♦]a.无声的，无对话的silicon ['silik☜n]n.硅silk [♦♓●] n. (蚕)丝，丝织品*silly[ ♦♓●♓]a. 傻的，愚蠢的silver[ ♦♓●☜]n. 银*similar [ ♦♓❍♓●☜]a.相似的，像*simple [ ♦♓❍☐●]a.简单的，简易的simplicity[♦♓❍☐●♓♦♓♦♓] n.简单，朴素；质朴，天真；卑贱；无知simplification [ ♦♓❍☐●♓♐♓♏♓☞☜⏹]n.单纯化，简单化simplify[ ♦♓❍☐●♓♐♋♓] vt.简化；使单纯；使简易simply [ ♦♓❍☐●♓] ad. 简单地，(加强语气)的确*simulate [ ♦♓❍◆●♏♓♦]vt.假装，冒充；模仿，模拟simultaneous[ sim☜l'teini☜s, sai-]a.同时发生的，同时存在的，同步的sin [♦♓⏹] n.违背宗教[道德原则]的恶行；罪恶，罪孽；过错，罪过；愚蠢的事，可耻的事；vi.犯罪，犯过错；vt.犯罪*since [♦♓⏹♦] ad. & conj.&prep.从那时以来，从…以来，由于*sincere [♦♓⏹♦♓☜]a.诚恳的，真诚的*sing (sang, sung) [♦♓☠][♦✌☠ ♦✈☠]v.唱，歌唱；嗡嗡作响，鸣响；吟咏，歌颂*single [ ♦♓☠♑●]a.单个的，单一的；独身的；每个的，个别的；vt.挑选*singular [ ♦♓☠♑◆●☜]n.单数；a.独特的，奇怪的；非凡的，突出的；单数的*sink(sank, sunk) [♦♓☠ ♦✌☠ ♦✈☠]v.(使)下沉；降低n.(厨房中的)洗涤槽sip[sip]v.小口地喝，抿，呷；n.一小口的量sir[♦☜]n.先生sister[ ♦♓♦♦☜] n.姐妹*sit (sat, sat) [♦♓♦][♦✌♦] vi. 坐site [♦♋♓♦]n.地点，位置，场所；[计算机]网站；遗址；地皮vt.使坐落在；安放，设置；给…造址；为…提供场所situate['sit☞ueit]v.位于，坐落在*situation [♦♓♦◆♏♓☞☜⏹] n. 形势,情况six[♦♓♦] num.六；六个sixteen[♦♓♦♦♓⏹]num.十六；第十六sixty[ ♦♓♦♦♓]num.六十sizable[ ♦♋♓☜♌☜●] a.相当大的，颇大的；可观*size [♦♋♓]n.尺寸，大小skate [♦♏♓♦]vi.溜冰，滑冰skeleton['skelit☜n]n.骨骼；框架，骨干；梗概，提要skeptical/sceptical['skeptik☜l] a.怀疑性的，好怀疑的，<口>无神论的sketch[sket☞]n.草图，素描，梗概；v.草拟；速写；简述ski[♦♓]n.&vi.滑雪板，滑雪*skillful[ ♦♓●♐◆●]a.灵巧的，熟练的*skill [♦♓●]n.技能，技巧skilled [♦♓●♎] a.熟练的，有技能的skim[♦♓❍]v.略读；撇去；使掠过；(为逃税而)隐瞒(部分收入)a.脱脂的；撇去浮沫的；n.撇；撇去的东西；瞒报所得的收入skin [♦♓⏹]n.皮，皮肤；兽皮skip[♦♓☐]v.蹦蹦跳跳；跳绳skirt [♦☜♦]n.女裙skull[sk✈l]n.颅骨，脑壳sky [♦♋♓]n.天，天空skyline['♦♋♓●♋♓⏹] n.地平线；(以天空为背景的)轮廓线；架空索；展览会场的顶层；vt.天空映衬出…的轮廓slack[sl✌k]a.懈怠的；松的；n.[ pl.]宽松裤；vi.懈怠slam [sl✌m]vt.砰地关上(门或窗)；猛烈抨击；使劲一推；猛劲一摔vi.砰然关上；猛力打击，碰撞；撞到了一辆卡车上n.猛然关闭的声音；猛击slap [sl✌p]n.掌掴；掌掴声；侮辱；vt.猛打；用力放置；尖刻批评、侮辱；vi.拍击；ad.直接地；猛然地slash[sl✌☞]vt.砍；大幅度削减；n.砍，砍痕；斜线号slaughter['sl :t☜]vt.／n.屠杀，杀戮；屠宰slave [♦●♏♓]n.奴隶slavery [ ♦●♏♓☜❒♓]n.奴隶制度*sleep (slept,~) [♦●♓☐]([♦●♏☐♦] vi. n. 睡觉sleeve [♦●♓]n.袖子，袖套slender[ ♦●♏⏹♎☜]a.苗条的；微薄的；柔弱的；slice [♦●♋♓♦]n.片，切面(薄)片*slide [♦●♋♓♎]n.幻灯片，滑道；v.滑行，滑动*slight [♦●♋♓♦]a.轻微的，细小的slim [♦●♓❍]a.苗条的，纤细的*slip[♦●♓☐]n.片，条，纸片，纸条*slippery [ ♦●♓☐☜❒♓]a.滑溜的；狡猾的，不可靠的slogan ['sl☜ug☜n]n.标语，口号，广告语slope [sl☜up] n.斜坡；斜面；倾斜；斜率vi.倾斜；有斜度；悄悄地走；潜行；vt.使倾斜slot[sl t]n.狭缝；空位；vt.放入狭缝中；把…纳入*slow [♦●☜◆] ad. 慢慢地，缓慢地slum [sl✈m]n.贫民窟slump[sl✈mp]vi.暴跌；突然倒下；n.萧条期，低潮*smart[♦❍♦]a. 灵巧的，伶俐的；(人、服装等)时髦的，帅的smash [sm✌☞]vt.打碎；撞击；猛扣(球等)；vi.被击碎；扣球，抽杀*smell (smelt或-ed[♦❍♏●][smelt]v.嗅，闻到；发气味；n.气味smelly [ ♦❍♏●♓]a.有臭味的，发出臭味的*smile [♦❍♋♓●] n.&v.微笑*smoke [♦❍☜◆]n.烟；v.冒烟，吸烟*smooth [♦❍◆❆]a.光滑的，平坦的smuggle ['sm✈g(☜)l]vt.走私，非法私运；偷运，偷带snack[♦⏹✌]n.小吃snake [♦⏹♏♓]n.蛇；v.蛇般爬行;蜿蜒行进snap[♦⏹✌☐]vt.& vi.猛地咬住；呵斥；折断vt.拍照；用子母扣扣；[棒球]快速传(球)；拍…的快照vi.啪啪作响；(目光)闪耀；(牙齿等)咯咯作响；(精神)突然崩溃n.（树枝等的）突然折断；严厉的话；突然的撕咬；尤指关上或断裂的声音）啪嗒声a.容易的；喀嗒一声扣下的；仓促的ad.噼啪作响地；啪嗒一声；猛然snapshot[ ♦⏹✌☐☞♦] n.（快照）照片，独立的印象，简单印象；简介；急射，速射；vt.给…拍快照；vi.拍快照snatch [♦⏹✌♦☞]v.夺，夺得，夺走sneak[sni:k]vi.偷偷地走，溜；vt.偷偷地做(或拿、吃)sneaker[ ♦⏹♓☯]n.(复)轻便运动鞋(美)sniff [snif]v.用力吸入；嗅，闻；n.吸气(声)；嗅，闻snow[♦⏹☜◆]n.雪；vi.下雪snowball[ ♦⏹☜◆♌●]n.雪球snowman [ ♦⏹☜◆❍✌⏹]n.雪人*so[♦☜◆]ad.这么，如此地；非常，很；也，同样；不错，确实；conj.因而，所以；所以，结果是；为的是，以便。
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2011年同等学力申硕学位英语统一考试词汇部分之一
1 The news reports completely overlooked the more profound political implications of the events.
A neglected
B foresaw
C explored
D assessed
2 Teachers and nurses who deal with children are obliged to report cases of suspected child abuse to authorities.
A reminded
B expected
C compelled
D requested
3 Your grade will be based in large part on the originality of your ideas.
A creativity
B popularity
C feasibility
D flexibility
4 We suspect there is a quite deliberate attempt to sabotage the elections and undermine the electoral commission.
A conscious
B desperate
C clumsy
D intentional
5 So strange were the circumstances of my story that I can scarcely believe myself to have been a party to them.
A just
B hardly
C almost
D definitely
6 Smoke particles and other air pollutants are often trapped in the atmosphere, thus forming dirty fog.
A constrained
B caught
C concealed
D concentrated
7 Employees in chemical factories are entitled to receive extra pay for doing hazardous work.
A poisonous
B difficult
C dangerous
D harmful
8 Curt Carlson, the wealthiest man in Minnesota, owned a hotel and travel company with sales reaching in the neighborhood of $9 billion.
A precisely
B merely
C substantially
D approximately
9 The tendency of the human body to reject foreign matter is the main obstacle to successful organ transplantation.
A factor
B constituent
C barrier
D break
10 Whenever you need Tom, he is always there whether it be an ear or a helping hand, so you can always lean on him.
A count on
B benefit from
C stand for
D stick to
参考答案：
1-5 DCDCD 6-10 BBAAC
简析
一直认为，之所以现在很少使用单项选择题，而倾向于考查单词替换，主要是因为单项选择题出题太难，设置选项考虑的因素太多。
重点考虑语境信息足够为选择提供线索之外还要考虑的答案之外的选项能不能真正排除，而替换题就简单多了，考虑近义表达之外找到几个混淆选项就可以了。
1 overlook:忽视；neglect：忽视
2 oblige：迫使；compel：强迫
3 originality：原创性，创造性；creativity：创造力
4 deliberate：故意的，这个词是一定要记住的，近十年考查了4
次；intentional：故意的
5 scarcely：几乎不，记住几个关键的否定副词，很重要；hardly：几乎不
6 trapped：使困住；caught：被困住
7 hazard：危险；hazardous:危险的；dangerous：危险的
8 in the neighborhood of:将近，接近；approximately：大约，接近
9 obstacle：障碍；barrier:障碍。
2012年考查的foreign一词时提供的语境跟这题是一致的，可以判断，2012与2011年的题目是同一个人出的，使用材料也是一致的
10 lean on:依赖；count on：依靠，依赖。