贝奥武夫详解PPT
Grendel gongan,
godes yrre bær;
mynte se manscaða
manna cynnes
Beowulf
The Poetry of Beowulf
Find examples of alliteration in Burton Raffel’s translation of lines 1-5:
Punctuation reproduces pause effect of the caesura.
Beowulf
The Poetry of Beowulf
The Anglo-Saxon oral poet also used the poetic device of alliteration.
Beowulf
Introducing the Epic
Monsters
Grendel: man-eating monster who lives at the bottom of a foul mere, or mountain lake.
Grendel’s mother: waterwitch who seeks revenge.
Out from the marsh, from the foot of misty Hills and bogs, bearing God’s hatred, Grendel came, hoping to kill Anyone he could trap on this trip to high Herot.
The Poetry of Beowulf
Beowulf was composed in Old English, which uses a caesura, or rhythmic pause, to create unity.
Locate the caesura in these lines:
ða com of more Grendel gongan, mynte se manscaða sumne besyrwan
Beowulf is
• the first great work of English national literature.
• the epic story of the hero Beowulf, who fights the demonic monster Grendel.
Beowulf
Introducing the Epic
An epic is a quest story on a grand scale.
Beowulf
Literary Focus: The Epic Hero
Beowulf is one of ancient England’s heroes.
Other times and other cultures have had other heroes.
People
Beowulf: nephew of Higlac, king of the Geats.
Hrothgar: king of the Danes.
Wiglaf: a Geat warrior, one of Beowulf’s select band and the only one to help him in his final fight with the dragon.
Dragon: giant fire-breathing serpent whom Beowulf fights in Part Two of the epic.
Beowulf
Introducing the Epic
Places
Beowulf takes place in Scandinavia.
Scholars think Herot might have been built on the coast of Zealand, in Denmark.
Britain
Scandinavia
Beowulf
Introducing the Epic
Places Herot: the golden guest hall built by King Hrothgar where warriors gathered to celebrate.
King Arthur
Joan of Arc
Beowulf
Literary Focus: The Epic Hero
In modern America, the hero may be a real person or a fictional character.
[End of Section]
Beowulf
Beowulf
Feature Menu
Introducing the Epic Literary Focus: The Epic Hero The Poetry of Beowulf: Caesuras,
Alliteration, and Kennings
Beowulf
Beowulf
Introducing the Epic
[End of Section]
Beowulf
Literary Focus: The Epic Hero
The epic hero is the central figure in a long narrative that reflects the values and heroic ideals of a particular society.under misthleoþm godes yrre bær;
manna cynnes in sele þam hean.
Line divided into two parts by a caesura.
Beowulf
The Poetry of Beowulf
Here are the same lines in modern English from Burton Raffel’s translation:
【英美文学课件】-贝奥武夫-Beowulf共27页
Beowulf
Literary Focus: The Epic Hero
Beowulf is one of ancient England’s heroes.
Other times and other cultures have had other heroes.
Out from the marsh, from the foot of misty Hills and bogs, bearing God’s hatred, Grendel came, hoping to kill Anyone he could trap on this trip to high Herot.
Grendel gongan,
godes yrre bær;
mynte se manscaða
manna cynnes
Beowulf
The Poetry of Beowulf
Find examples of alliteration in Burton Raffel’s translation of lines 1-5:
Out from the marsh, from the foot of misty Hills and bogs, bearing God’s hatred, Grendel came, hoping to kill Anyone he could trap on this trip to high Herot.
Punctuation reproduces pause effect of the caesura.
Beowulf
The Poetry of Beowulf
贝奥武夫教学内容
《贝奥武夫》与改编的影视作品研究《贝奥武甫》(Beowulf)是英国文学中最古老的史诗，全诗共3182行，基本情节可分为两部分：第一部分（诗行1—1904）：丹麦国王赫罗斯加兴建了一座宏伟的宴乐厅，遭到魔怪格兰道尔的袭击。
那魔怪为所欲为，连续为害达十二年之久。
消息传到高特人（在今天的瑞典南部。
）耳里。
高特武士贝奥武甫率十四勇士前往救援。
经过激烈的搏斗，力大无穷的贝奥武甫扯断了魔怪的一只胳膊。
垂死的魔怪逃回自己的洞穴。
第二天晚上又有一个魔怪前来骚扰宴乐厅，此魔乃格兰道尔之母，是为他的儿子报仇来的。
贝奥武甫与她在水潭下的洞穴中展开殊死搏斗，最后用魔剑将她杀死。
第二部分（1905—3182）：贝奥武甫凯旋回国。
不久，国王海格拉克父子先后死于非命，贝奥武甫继承王位。
他成功地统治高特国达五十年之久。
就在壮士暮年，国内出了一条毒龙。
该毒龙因自己守护的财宝被盗，开始向高特人进行报复。
它口吐烈焰，毁灭一切。
为了拯救自己的国家和人民，贝奥武甫毅然进入龙窟。
在一位名叫威格拉夫的年轻武士的援助下，毒龙被除，但老英雄也因受伤过重而献出了生命。
诗歌中，贝奥武甫有三场大的战斗。
首先杀死巨魔格兰道尔。
再杀死格兰道尔的母亲，解救了丹麦国王后，回去瑞典作了国王。
暮年时，他又廉颇不老，杀死了残害民众的火龙，自己也伤重不治。
贝奥武夫给人最深的印象是他超凡的武力和英勇善战的本色。
这种超人的力量，是他战胜敌人的前提条件。
在劳动力低下和科学技术尚不发达的古代，人们要想战胜敌人，获取生活必需品，只有依靠武力。
因此，拥有超人的武力作为衡量英雄的首要条件已成了古代的传统。
从《贝奥武夫》对英雄武力的反复描写中，我们可以看到中古社会的人们对于这一传统的继承。
贝奥武夫不仅具有超人的武力，还具有与之相应的勇敢精神。
贝奥武夫经历的三次战斗，一次比一次艰难，一次比一次更需要勇气。
如果说贝奥武夫前两次战斗的勇气是基于对自己超人武力的充分自信，那么，他与毒龙的搏斗则是强大的责任感使然。
Beowulf·贝尔武夫
Beowulf
Prologue: The Earlier History of the Danes Beowulf and Grendel The Hall Heorot Is Attacked by Grendel The Fight with Grendel
The Earlier History of the Dane）
设计：李智勇 宋林峰 设计： Jack Jerry
Beowulf 第一页
剧照1
剧照2
The Song of Beowulf
England’s national epic about hero Beowulf (be discovered at 1705)
Questions
4 What kind of social surroundings has the work-Beowulf reflected? And what’s the attitude of people towards the story? What can we infer from that?
Questions
2 What’s the function of the use of kenning (double metaphor)? Sun-the world’s great candle Heart-treasure chamber conventional metaphoric name for something, used especially in Old English and Old Norse poetry 3 What effects has religion caused on literature? Is the coming of this kind of effect natural or by purpose? Why?
贝奥武夫
Grendel
半人半魔的妖怪格兰戴 （Grendel） monsters : man-eating monsters who lives at the bottom of a foul mere ,or moutain lake Grendel 's mother : water witch who seeks revenge
people :
•
• • •
Beowulf Hrothgar: Wiglaf: Grendle
Beowulf
• 瑞典南部济兹（Geats） 王子贝奥武夫 • nephew of Higlac • king of the Geats • one of ancient England 's heroes
The kenning is another poetic device that was used by the oral poet.
Examples of kennings from Beowulf:
strong-hearted wakeful sleeper =Beowulf
thank you byebye
Beowulf The Poetry of Beowulf
Beowulf was composed in Old English, which uses a caesura（休止，停顿）, or rhythmic pause, to create unity. Locate the caesura in these lines:
Beowulf introducing the epic
• Beowulf • is the first great work of English national literature • the epic story of the hero Beowulf ,who fights the demonic monster Grendle
UNIT6BritishLiterature市公开课一等奖省赛课微课金奖PPT课件
Of which vertu engendred is the flour;
Whan Zephirus eek with his sweete breeth
Inspired hath in every holt and heeth
The tendre croppes, and the yonge sonne
6/25
Old English
HWÆ T, WE GAR-DEna in geardagum, þeodcyninga þrym gefrunon, hu ða æþelingas ellen fremedon! oft Scyld Scefing sceaþena þreatum, monegum mægþum meodosetla ofteah, egsode eorlas, syððanærest wearð feasceaft funden; he þæs frofre gebad, weox under wolcnum weorðmyndum þah, oðþæt him æghwylc ymbsittendra ofer hronrade hyran scolde, gomban gyldan; þæt wæs god cyning! Ðæm eafera wæs æfter cenned geong in geardum, þone God sende folce to frofre; fyrenðearfe ongeat, þe hie ær drugon aldorlease lange hwile; him þæs Liffrea, wuldres Wealdend woroldare forgeaf, Beowulf wæs breme --- blæd wide sprang--Scyldes eafera Scedelandum in.
中世纪英雄史诗
中世纪英雄史诗中古欧洲的四大英雄史诗,即法国的《罗兰之歌》、西班牙的《熙德之歌》、俄罗斯的《伊戈尔远征纪》、德国的《尼伯龙根之歌》。
英雄史诗原先在民间口头流传，后来由教会神职人员用文字写定。
早期英雄史诗大多反映氏族社会末期生活，歌颂部落英雄为民除害、为民造福的事迹。
其中，英国的《贝奥武甫》，讴歌为民杀死水妖、除灭火龙而牺牲的部落英雄贝奥武甫;这一时期的英雄史诗大致可分为两类，一类反映蛮族各部落处于氏族社会末期的生活，这些民族尚未被封建化，也未受基督教影响，代表作包括日耳曼人的《希尔德布兰特之歌》、盎格鲁,萨克逊人的《贝奥武甫》(一译《贝奥武夫》)以及冰岛的《埃达》和《萨迦》。
这类史诗和荷马史诗同是氏族社会末期的产物，都歌颂部落英雄，以神话传说或历史人物事件为依据，神干涉人的命运，人对诸神逐渐失去敬仰。
日耳曼民族的英雄史诗数量极多，但由于都是基于口头流传的方式，作者往往已经不可考稽。
《贝奥武甫》是迄今所知的最古老的英国叙事诗，全诗共3182行，保留得相对完整，作者已经无法考证。
《希尔德布兰特之歌》则是古代高地德语文学中最古老、最具价值的杰作，现在只存流下来残稿两页，共68行。
冰岛的英雄史诗《萨迦》和《埃达》是中世纪斯堪的纳维亚文学的代表之作，记录了北欧地区的神话故事和英雄传奇故事。
北欧的神话和传说自成体系，和希腊神话一样富有魅力。
在维京时期(193年,1050年)被南侵的丹麦和挪威人带到西欧和南欧，并与罗曼人和盎格鲁,萨克逊人的神话传说融合。
英格兰的《贝奥武甫》就取材于北欧神话。
由于这一类史诗具有异教精神，所以受到天主教会的严重摧残，许多史诗都被焚毁。
另一类史诗虽然也以歌颂英雄为主，但表现的却是欧洲各民族高度封建化以后的产物，原始神祇逐渐消失，封建君臣、主仆关系和骑士制度的痕迹则得以体现，在基督教的影响下，英雄们的壮举往往表现为反对异教徒的斗争。
这类史诗的代表作包括法国的《罗兰之歌》、西班牙的《熙德之歌》、德国的《尼伯龙根之歌》和古罗斯的《伊戈尔远征记》等，其中《罗兰之歌》是此类史诗中最重要的作品。
[教育]英国文学的PPT教案literatureintheAnglo-Saxonandmiddlee
alliteration
Eg: clean and clear Round the rocks runs the river busy as a bee
flame • Mingled with sound of weeping;…
Beowulf (alliterative verse)
• For their dead king; exalted his brave deeds, • Holding it fit men honor their liege lord • Praise him and love him when his soul is fled • Thus the (Geat’s) people, sharers of his hearth, • Mourned their chief’s fall, praised him of kings,
2st one: Beowulf kills Grendel’s mother
3rd one: Beowulf kills a dragon and dies
Theme:
people’s struggle with the hostile forces under a wise and heroic leader
Popular ballad(民谣)
• Ballad: a narrative poem of no great length, without any known writer （anonymous） in an oral tradition then was written down theme: romantic stories of love and friendships, of treachery and murder, supernatural tales about ghosts and spirits
贝奥武夫（英国古代史诗）—搜狗百科
贝奥武夫（英国古代史诗）—搜狗百科这首史诗以简短的古丹麦家谱作为开始。
齐尔德.谢冯是古丹麦第一位伟大的国王，他以他征服敌人的能力而闻名。
后来，齐尔德成为了荷罗斯加的曾祖父，而荷罗斯加就是贝奥武夫时代古丹麦的国王。
荷罗斯加和他的祖先一样，是一位好君王，他希望借着建造名叫希奥罗特的大殿来庆贺他的统治。
当大殿建成之后，荷罗斯加举行了盛大的庆典。
盛大的宴会引起了怪兽哥伦多的注意，它决定进行夜袭。
次日早晨，荷罗斯加和他的领主知道了这次流血事件，就为失丧的武士哀悼。
就这样，开始了哥伦多和古丹麦的战争。
十二年过去了。
哥伦多进攻古丹麦的消息传到了另外一个部族－－耶阿特(瑞典南方的斯堪的纳维亚)。
伟大的领主贝奥武夫决定去帮助古丹麦人：他率领他最好的武士们出航，到达了丹麦的领土。
当他们一到，荷罗斯加的一位领主乌尔夫加断定这位耶阿特人配得上与荷罗斯加交谈。
荷罗斯加记起当年他曾经帮助过贝奥武夫的父亲埃格希奥平定纷争，因此，他愉快地接受了贝奥武夫的帮助。
希奥罗特大殿再次举行了盛大的庆典来向贝奥武夫表示敬意。
庆典过程中，一位名叫恩费尔特的领主为了和贝奥武夫比赛投巨石，就讥讽他曾经输掉的游泳比赛。
贝奥武夫在与他的较量过程中说出了他的英雄般胜利的故事，同伴们都为他的勇气而欢呼庆祝。
在庆典的高潮时，丹麦的王后薇尔皙欧走上前来，端着蜂蜜酒。
她先敬献给荷罗斯加，接着是大殿中的其他人，最后才是贝奥武夫。
当他拿到杯子的时候，贝奥武夫告诉薇尔皙欧他将会除掉哥伦多或者在希奥罗特被杀死。
这简短的声明大大感动了薇尔皙欧和在场的丹麦人，庆典继续举行。
最后，所有人都退场了。
在他们离开前，荷罗斯加承诺，如果贝奥武夫可以打败哥伦多，他将赐给贝奥武夫所有的一切。
贝奥武夫说，他会让神来决定结局。
他和他的领主武士们就睡在希奥罗特大殿中去等待哥伦多。
最后，哥伦多和以前一样到了希奥罗特，饥饿地寻找新鲜的血肉之躯。
当哥伦多吞吃他的一个部下时，贝奥武夫谨慎地观察着。
完整版贝奥武夫.ppt
In modern English:
Lo! We the Spear-Danes, in days of yore, have heard of the glory of the people's kings how the noble ones did deeds of valor.
.精品课件 is a descriptive, poetical expression used instead of a simple name for a person or thing. Beowulf is hardly ever called by his actual name. Instead there are many kennings referring to him, such as: "Prince of the Weders", "The Son of Ecgtheow", "The Geatish hero", and "The Lord of the Seamen". These kennings describe Beowulf to us in a more interesting way than just stating the hard facts. Without these kennings Beowulf would be less interesting and we would learn less about him. Anybody would say that describing or referring to a person by his or her name over and over again is boring. So the use of kennings and metaphors is very important in this long epic poem.
Beowulf&ChaucerPPT1234
Assonance:a popular sound pattern of repeating vowel sounds in successive words either initially or internally. Function: slowing down the reading and focusing attention.
Beowulf Anglo-Saxon (the 5th century)
French Normans (1066 year)
War of the Rose (1455-1483)
Literary Terms
Allegory: It loosely describes any writing in verse or prose that has a double meaning. An allegorical reading usually involves moral or spiritual concepts that may be more significant than the actual, literal events described in a narrative. Probably the most famous allegory in English literature is John Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress (1678). Other important allegorical works include Spenser's The Faerie Queene and Gulliver‘s Travels. Ballad: It is a story in poetic form to be sung or recited. It was passed down from generation to generation. Robin Hood is a famous ballad singing the goods of Robin Hood.