高考英语二轮：说理议论阅读理解基础练习及答案_3
2016四川省南充市高考英语二轮：说理议论阅读理解基础练习（4）及答案说理议论（阅读理解）由(2009江西,D)改编Many people write to newspapers and magazines to express their opinions.Letters to the editor must carry the writer’s full name,address and telephone number,although the information is not necessary for publication.This requirement to provide personal particulars is a clear indication that writers are held responsible for what they say.When a writer wants his voice heard,he needs to claim ownership of his voice.Responsibility is the name of the game.“People today prefer living together to putting their signatures on a marriage certificate because they refuse to accept responsibility for the relationship,” said social worker Ken Yip,“and this is what is causing a lot of family problems.” When we si gn a paper,for example,a business contract or a bank document,the signature is a seal of consent,an agreement to take the matter seriously.Most governments and many organizations will not process written complaints if they do not bear the writer’s signatur e.The absence of a signature,they explain,tells us that the writer cannot be too serious and therefore does not deserve a reply.There are people who wish to remain anonymous(匿名的)for various reasons.Multi-billionaire Mr.King donates generously to charity several times a year.He gives simply because he wants to help but not for the publicity his donations may bring,and he does not want his good deeds to make news.In other cases,people insist on anonymity because they are afraid of the consequences of revealing their identity.Crime witnesses may be willing to assist the police,but most are unwilling to give their names when reporting a crime.Name or no name? The answer is very personal and lies in how much we want to get involved.We all have a name.It is a matter of responsibility to use it when we make a statement,a claim or an accusation.We all want to honour our own name,and it is only by stamping our expression of an opinion with our own name that we honour what we say.1.What does the writer mean by sayin g“Responsibility is the name of the game”?()A.Writers need to provide their personal information in the game.B.Publications must bear the writer’s full name,address and phone number.C.Writers should be responsible for their names.s are required to indicate writers’ responsibility for what they say.2.The second paragraph suggests that a paper without a signature may.A.help to end a relationshipB.not get a replyC.be accepted all the sameD.become a family problem3.Some people don’t want th eir names known because they are .A.hesitant to make a donationB.unwilling to draw public attentionC.afraid of an accusationD.ready for involvement4.The passage is mainly about .A.honour and writersB.identity and signatureC.signature and responsibilityD.anonymity and signature语篇解读:本文论述了“署名”的问题,署名是负责任的象征,但有些情况下,人们不愿“署名”。
答案及剖析:1.D推理判断题。
由文章论述的内容尤其是末段倒数第二句的It is a matter of responsibility to use it when we make a statement,a claim or an accusation.可以推出D项正确。
2.B事实细节题。
由第二段末句可知答案为B。
3.B事实细节题。
由文章倒数第二段内容可知答案为B。
4.C主旨大意题。
通读文章可知,本文主要讲述的是署名与责任的问题,故选C。
【长难句子分析】我们都以自己的名字为荣,只有在我们表述的建议上签上自己的名字,我们才能尊重自己所说的话。
该句中使用了强调句式。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
In parts of Africa, the sky is filled with a dark cloud. But this is no rain cloud. It is a living cloud made of billions of locusts that are traveling across the continent eating everything in their path.And in the battle to stop this disaster, a radio station in Senegal, West Africa, is offering listeners 50 kilograms of rice if they can catch and kill 50 kilograms of locusts. The radio station is in one of Senegal’s worst affected regions.This is West Africa’s biggest locust disaster in 15 years, and it is moving east, causing huge damage to crops. As they move, they breed, and increase their number and will soon threaten Sudan in the northeast of Africa. Some say it could reach Asia.Experts say the great damage to crops in areas already suffering from food shortages and war could cause many people to go hungry. Governments in the region are not well equipped to fight the pest.Although leaders of 12 countries have agreed on a plan, it is not expected to be enough. “We are now treating 6,000 hectares per day with pesticide, but we need to treat 20,000 hectares per day in order to have an y hope of controlling this disaster,” said Mohamed Abdallahi Ould Babah, director of locust control in Mauritania.Requests are being made for international aid, which is the only way to limit the crisis, the UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization warned.1. The purpose of offering people rice for catching locusts in Senegal is ________.A. to get more people to eat rice so as to leave less for locustsB. to get more people involved in the war on the locustsC. to prevent more people from starvationD. to get more people to listen to the radio report on locusts2. Which of the following is not the reason for West Africans going hungry?A. Locust disaster causes the great damage to crops.B. Food supply is far from the need of the people.C. These regions are affected by the war.D. Governments are unwilling to fight the pest.3. It can be concluded that, in order to end the locust disaster, ________.A. leaders of 12 countries in West Africa should call on their people to take actionB. insects experts should be sent to these regionsC. other countries outside Africa should keep close watch on their own landsD. Help from all over the world is in urgent demand4. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. Food shortage in Africa.B. International aid to Africa.C. The insects attack on Africa.D. Terrible storm in Africa.1. B 推测题。
高考英语二轮说理议论阅读理解解析答案_3
2016浙江高考英语二轮说理议论阅读理解（4）解析答案说理议论（阅读理解）由(2013北京,C)改编Does Fame Drive You Crazy?Although being famous might sound like a dream come true,today’s stars,feeling like zoo animals,face pressures that few of us can imagine.They are at the center of much of the world’s attention.Paparazzi(狗仔队) camp outside their homes,cameras ready.Tabloids(小报) publish thrilling stories about their personal lives.Just imagine not being able to do anything without being photographed or interrupted for a signature.According to psychologist Christina Villarreal,celebrities—famous people—worry constantly about their public appearance.Eventually,they start to lose track of who they really are,seeing themselves the way their fans imagine them,not as the people they were before everyone knew their names.“Over time,”Villarreal says,“they feel separated and alone.”The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages.In the 4th century B.C.,painters followed Alexander the Great into battle,hoping to picture his victories for his admirers.When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century,his sold-out readings attracted thousands of fans,leading him to complain(抱怨) about his lack of privacy.Tabloids of the 1920s and 1930s ran articles about film-stars in much the same way that modern tabloids and websites do.Being a public figure today,however,is a lot more difficult than it used to be.Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras.When they say something silly or do something ridiculous,there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their “story” alive forever.If fame is so troublesome,why aren’t all celebrities running away from it? The answer is there are still ways to deal with it.Some stars stay calm by surrounding themselves with trusted friends and family or by escaping to remote places away from big cities.They focus not on how famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place.Sometimes a few celebrities can get a little justice.Still,even stars who enjoy full justice often complain about how hard their lives are.They are tired of being famous already.1.It can be learned from the passage that stars today .A.are often misunderstood by the publicB.can no longer have their privacy protectedC.spend too much on their public appearanceD.care little about how they have come into fame2.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?()A.Great heroes of the past were generally admired.B.The problem faced by celebrities has a long history.C.Well-known actors are usually targets of tabloids.D.Works of popular writers often have a lot of readers.3.What makes it much harder to be a celebrity today?()A.Availability of modern media.B.Inadequate social recognition.ck of favorable chances.D.Huge population of fans.4.What is the author’s attitude toward modern celebrity?()A.Sincere.B.Sceptical.C.Disapproving.D.Sympathetic.语篇解读:本文为一篇议论文,谈论了作为名人的窘境:头上罩着耀眼的光环,心底却埋藏着难言的苦衷,这就是公众人物的生活。
浙江省2016高考英语二轮复习说理议论阅读理解
说理议论阅读理解（2）说理议论（阅读理解）由 (2013新课标全国Ⅱ,A)改编Doctors are known to be terrible pilots.They don’t listen because they alreadyknow it all.I was lucky:I became a pilot in 1970,almost ten years before I graduatedfrom medical school.I didn’t realize then,but becom ing a pilot makes me a better surgeon.I loved flying.As I flew bigger,faster planes,and in worse weather,I learned about crew resource management(机组资源管理),or CRM,a new idea to make flying safer.It means that crew members should listen and speak up for a good result,regardless of positions.I first read about CRM in 1980.Not long after that,an attending doctor and I were flying in bad weather.The controller had us turn too late to get our landing ready.The attending doctor was flying; I was safety pilot.He was so busy because of the badturn,he had forgotten to put the landing gear(起落架) down.He was a better pilot—and my boss—so it felt unusual to speak up.But I had to: Our lives were in danger.I putaside my uneasiness and said,“We need to put the landing gear down now!”That was my first real lesson in the power of CRM,and I’ve used it in the operating room ever since.CRM requires that the pilot/surgeon encourage others to speak up.It furtherrequires that when opinions are from the opposite,the doctor doesn’ｔoverreact,which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again.So when I’m in the operating room,I ask for ideas and help from others.Sometimes they’re not willing to speakup.But I hope that if I continue to encourage them ,someday someone will keep me from “landing gear up”．1.What does the author say about doctors in general?( )A.They like flying by themselves.B.They are unwilling to take advice.C.They pretend to be good pilots.D.They are quick learners of CRM.2.The author deepened his understanding of the power of CRM when .A.he saved the plane by speaking upB.he was in charge of a flying taskC.his boss landed the plane too lateD.his boss operated on a patient3.In the last paragraph “landing gear up” probably means .A.following flying requirements.B.overreacting to different opinions.C.listening to what fellow doctors sayD.making a mistake that may cost lives4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?( )A.CRM:A New Way to Make Flying SafeB.Flying Makes Me a Better DoctorC.The Making of a Good PilotD.A Pilot-Turned Doctor语篇解读:本文为议论文。
(全国用)高考英语二轮复习与增分策略 专题一 阅读理解 第三节 题组练习 10 说理议论社会文化应用
说理议论+社会文化+应用广告+逸闻趣事A(2017·四川乐山调研)When people around you agree with you，it improves your confidence and allows you to relax and feel comfortable.Unfortunately，that comfort usually keeps you away from achieving more success in your career，especially when you are in a leader position.So it feels nice to have people agree，but you need some regular conflicts，that is to say，to have people raise different views so that you can dig out the deeper truth and avoid suffering from being too much on just one side.So do you often share your opinions on most subjects with people around you and encourage them to debate？If yes，set it as a tradition in your company or department.At first，it seems a challenge to create an environment where people are in free atmosphere to disagree and argue，but remember：from sharp conflicts come sound judgments，and from sound judgments come right decisions.That’s because most of the time you have to collect different opinions from different angles to help yourself identify your blind spots before you form the real brilliant ideas.However，effective debates do not require angry quarrels and embarrassments.So you need to set some ground rules so everyone understands responsibilities，boundaries and rewards.Rule No.1：The goal of debating is not to win over others but to get to the truth that will allow you and your staff to move faster and better.Rule No.2：Fierce debating with strong emotion hurts feelings and does harm to teamwork.So repeatedly remind your staff，best with smiles and humors，that this is friendly opinion sharing time for a common goal instead of a battle between two enemies trying with full efforts to beat the other one down to earth.Rule No.3：All those involved in the debates shall get rewards when the goals are reached，thus they know how much you appreciate their contributions.The more they feel appreciated，the more they’ll be willing to contribute their talents with full heart in the future.1．What happens when your staff all agree with you?A．It may improve your work effectively.B．It creates harmonious working atmosphere.C．You are likely to make more right decisions.D．You may have problems in career advancing.答案 D解析细节理解题。
高考英语二轮复习专题三阅读理解第三节题组训练说理议论
第三节题组训练 5 说理议论A(2017·和平区一模)William W．Purkey，a well-known professor of education，said，“Dance like no one is watching，love like you’ll never be hurt，sing like no one is listening，and live like it’s heaven on earth.” It seems like the perfect life philos ophy—and one I’ve learned to apply to running over the year.But I didn’t always feel this way.In my early days，when I weighed 240 pounds，I ran like everyone was watching—and judging.If I was on a run and saw a car approaching，I’d stop and pretend I was looking for something I’d lost.I bought the high-tech gear and clothes that I thought would make people believe I was a runner.And I didn’t have a clue if the expensive shoes I was wearing were the right kind for me—I just wanted to look like I fit in with this group.To be honest，I felt a certain satisfaction in believing that someone was watching.I really thought that other people cared about my performance.The best example of this was a combined，two-lap marathon in Florence，Italy.As I approached the finishing line，the crowd began to cheer.I was surprised.Here I was，thousands of miles from home，and the Italians were shouting for “IIPenguino”．About 20 yards from the finishing，the truth set in when the winner of the full marathon went past me as I was finishing the half-marathon.No one was cheering for me.No one probably even noticed that I was finishing.I couldn’t help but smile at my own illusion of self-importance.That’s when I realized I had been running for every reason except the right one.I ran to make other people happy，ran to live up to their expectations.But no one was watching，no one cared.So I decided I was going to run for me—just me—and gained a new enjoyment from the sport I hadn’t truly experienced yet.I’ve learned to run like no one is watching.So if you see me at race，and I look like a 60-year-old guy waddling(蹒跚) along，don’t worry.I’m fine.The miracle isn’t that I finished.The miracle is that I had the courage to start.1．The writer presents the passage by .A．telling his running storyB．explaining a life philosophyC．listing some life rulesD．introducing quotations答案 D解析写作手法题。
高考英语二轮练习：说理议论阅读理解解析答案_2
浙江省2016高考英语二轮练习：说理议论阅读理解（3）解析答案说理议论（阅读理解）由(2012北京,D)改编Wilderness“In wilderness (荒野) is the preservation of the world.” This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism.The frequency with which it is borrowed mirrors a heated debate on environmental protection: whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved.As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out,there is a strong appeal in images of the wild,the untouched; more than anything else,they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly.The urge to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong,and the danger exploitation (开发) brings to such landscapes (景观) is real.Some of these wildernesses also perform functions that humans need—the rainforests,for example,store carbon in vast quantities.To Mr.Sauven,these“ecosystem services” far outweigh the gains from exploitation.Lee Lane,a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute,takes the opposing view.He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services,such as water conservation.But that is not,he argues,a reason to avoid all human presence,or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation.There are ever more people on the Earth,and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives,rather than merely struggle for survival.While the ways of using resources have improved,there is still a growing need for raw materials,and some wildernesses contain them in abundance.If they can be tapped without reducing the services those wildernesses provide,the argument goes,there is no further reason not to do so.Being untouched is not,in itself,a characteristic worth valuing above all others.I look forward to seeing these views taken further,and to their being challenged by the other participants.One challenge that suggests itself to me is that both cases need to take on the question of spiritual value a little more directly.And there is a practical question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm.This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings,but also the guidance of reason.What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of the world obviously deserves much more serious thinking.1.John Sauven holds that.A.many people value nature too muchB.exploitation of wildernesses is harmfulC.wildernesses provide humans with necessitiesD.the urge to develop the ecosystem services is strong2.What is the main idea of Para.3?()A.The exploitation is necessary for the poor people.B.Wildernesses cannot guarantee better use of raw materials.eful services of wildernesses are not the reason for no exploitation.D.All the characteristics concerning the exploitation should be treated equally.3.What is the author’s attitude towards this debate?()A.Objective.B.Disapproving.C.Sceptical.D.Optimistic.4.Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?()CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点)C: Conclusion语篇解读:本文为议论文,题材为节能环保类。
2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 说理议论阅读理解基础练习(3)
2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习说理议论阅读理解基础练习（3）说理议论（阅读理解）由 (xx北京,D)改编Individuals (个人) should pay for their higher education.A university education is of huge and direct benefit to the individual.Graduates earn more than non-graduates.Meanwhile,social mobility is ever more dependent on having a degree.However,only some people have it.So the individual,not the taxpayers,should pay for it.There are pressing calls on the resources (资源) of the ing taxpayers’ money to help a small number of people to earn high ines in the future is not one of them.Full government funding (资助) is not very good for universities.Adam Smith worked in a Scottish university whose teachers lived off student fees.He knew and looked down upon 18th-century Oxford,where the academics lived fortably off the ine received from the government.Guaranteed salaries,Smith argued,were the enemy of hard work,and when the academics were lazy and inpetent,the students were similarly lazy.If students have to pay for their education,they not only work harder,but also demand more from their teachers.And their teachers have to keep them satisfied.If that means taking teaching seriously,and giving less time to their own research interests,that is surely something to celebrate.Many people believe that higher education should be free because it is good for the economy (经济).Many graduates clearly do contribute to national wealth,but so do all the businesses that invest (投资) and create jobs.If you believe that the government should pay for higher education because graduates are economically productive,you should also believe that the government should pay part of business costs.Anyone promising to create jobs should receive a gift of capital from the government to invest.Therefore,it is the individual,not the government,who should pay for their university education.1.The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refers to .A.taxpayersB.pressing callsC.college graduatesernment resources2.The author thinks that with full government funding .A.teachers are less satisfiedB.students are more demandingC.students will bee more petentD.teachers will spend less time on teaching3.The author mentions businesses in Paragraph 5 in order to .A.argue against free university educationB.call on them to finance students’ studiesC.encourage graduates to go into businessD.show their contribution to higher education语篇解读:本文为议论文。
高考英语二轮说理议论阅读理解解析答案
2016浙江高考英语二轮说理议论阅读理解（1）解析答案说理议论（阅读理解）由(2013新课标全国Ⅰ,C)改编It happened to me recently.I was telling someone how much I had enjoyed reading Barack Obama’s Dreams From My Father and how it had changed my views of our President.A friend I was talking to agree d with me that it was,in his words,“a brilliantly(精彩地)written book”.However,he then went on to talk about Mr Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all.I sensed that I was talking to a book liar.And it seems that my friend is not the only one.Approximately two thirds of people have lied about reading a book which they haven’t.In the World Book Day’s“Report on Guilty Secrets”,Dreams From My Father is at number 9.The report lists ten books,and various authors,which people have lie d about reading,and as I’m not one to lie too often (I’d hate to be caught out ),I’ll admit here and now that I haven’t read the entire top ten.But I am pleased to say that,unlike 42 percent of people,I have read the book at number one,George Orwell’s 1984.I think it’s really brilliant.The World Book Day report also has some other interesting information in it.It says that many people lie about having read Jane Austen,Charles Dickens,Fyodor Dostoevsky(I haven’t read him,but haven’t lied about it either )an d Herman Melville.Asked why they lied,the most common reason was to“impress”someone they were speaking to.This could be tricky if the conversation became more in -depth!But when asked which authors they actually enjoy,people named J.K.Rowling,John Grisham,Sophie Kinsella(ah,the big sellers,in other words).Forty-two percent of people asked admitted they turned to the back of the book to read the end before finishing the story(I’ll come clean:I do this and am astonished that 58 percent said they had never done so).1.How did the author find his friend a book liar?()A.By judging his manner of speaking.B.By looking into his background.C.By mentioning a famous name.D.By discussing the book itself.2.Which of the following is a“guilty secret ”according to the World Book Day report?()A.Charles Dickens is very low on the top-ten list.B.42% of people pretended to have read 1984.C.The author admitted having read 9 books.D.Dreams From My Father is hardly read.3.By lying about reading,a person hopes to .A.control the conversationB.appear knowledgeableC.learn about the bookD.make more friends4.What is the author’s attitude to 58% of readers?()A.Favorable.B.UncaringC.DoubtfulD.Friendly语篇解读:本文为议论文。
2023高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专题讲和练——议论文(含解析)
2023高考英语二轮复习：阅读理解专题议论文议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表意见、提出主张的文体。
文章通常由论点、论据、论证三部分构成，作者通过摆事实、讲道理、辨是非等方法，来论证某种观点正确与否，肯定或否定某种主张。
一、考情分析议论文涉及的论题具有生活化的特征，与社会生活密切相关。
从命题上看，议论文阅读理解以考查细节理解和推理判断为主，但不排除对观点态度的考查。
考生在平时的阅读训练中要阅读一定数量的议论文，以了解和掌握议论文的结构和行文特征。
二、文体特点与阅读策略1. 语言与结构特点议论文应该观点明确、论据充分、语言精练、论证合理、有严密的逻辑性。
议论文通常采用三段论式的结构，即“提出问题（引论）—分析问题（本论）—解决问题（结论）”。
由此可见，要理解议论文有两个关键点：一是要弄清文章的论点是什么、采用了哪些论据、如何论证；二是要理清其基本结构——三段论式结构。
2. 答题误区议论文阅读理解题易错点往往在于事实与观点的区分以及观点本身。
解题时，一要弄清哪些是引述的事实，哪些是作者的观点以及引述的不同人物的观点；二要弄清作者真正的观点是什么，既要考虑全文，又要重视结论部分，谨防将文章中引述的他人的观点和作者的观点混为一谈。
3. 阅读策略在阅读解题时，应该从结构和内容两方面同时入手，先通读全文，再区分事实和观点。
通常来说，议论文会采用三段论式结构。
首段会通过一个故事或对某种现象的描述来引入话题，明确论点；接下来是文章的主体部分，会用两个或两个以上的段落引用事实和理论论据进行论证，常用的论证方法有举例、引用和对比，这一部分要注意作者选用的论据，它们往往与细节理解题的考查点相对应，同时还要留意论证的方法；文章的最后一段是结论部分，要弄清作者最后得出了什么结论。
在通读全文并了解文章的结构和内容后再阅读试题，到文章中去找相对应的信息，比如事实、观点、作者真正的意图和结论等。
三、实战演练【原创试题（一）】For some school children, PE is the best lesson of the week — a chance to leave the desk behind, get outside, and enjoy a run around with friends. For others, it is a frequently miserable experience — a time when they feel embarrassed, and may even experience physical pain.The idea of competitive sport was a clear source of argument. Those who were good at it did not want those less able to “get in the way”, while those less skilled felt an noyed for being made to compete. They also felt less “liked” by their PE teachers and theirmore sporty classmates.Research demonstrates that a change in emphasis away from competitive sport and a move away to prioritizing participation over excellence can dramatically increase the confidence and participation rates of those less skilled — because it really is the taking part that matters. If schools value taking part above winning against other schools, the nature of PE changes.As one pupil commented: “I have actually joined the football team now because all the violence has gone. Before it was, ‘You made us lose the game ... it’s all your fault.’ With the new approach, it is more like we are all in there just trying to get better. No one is to blame. Now it is worth doing.”To those who argue we need competitive sport to “build character”, I would point out that there is quite simply no evidence to support this view. But what we can build when we allow young people to work together in a spirit of support and cooperation is leadership and mutual understanding.If we need competitive sport to build our national teams, this should happen out of school. PE is about the participation of all —not the excellence of a few.At home, the most important thing a parent can do for a child who struggles with PE is to take their concerns seriously. Beingphysically active is extremely important for children and young people, so how, when, and at what level they do it should be primarily their choice.1. What does the author consider the most important in PE lessonsA. The rules of teachers.B. The available sports activities.C. The spirit of winning over others.D. The participation of students.2. Why does the author mention the comment of one pupilA. To support his argument.B. To praise the boy’s behavior.C. To explain the new approach.D. To prove the violence of football.3. What does the author think competitive sports fail to buildA. Leadership.B. Character.C. Cooperation.D. Mutual understanding.4. How should parents help children who struggle with PEA. By making a schedule for them.B. By giving them psychological counseling.C. By letting them choose what to do.D. By encouraging them to be the most excellent.【原创试题（二）】I once biked to my workplace. Having enjoyed a relatively uneventful seven miles or so on a car-free greenway, I was forced to finish my journey on busy, six-lane roads with rarely a bike lane, let alone a protected bike lane, in sight. I locked my bike to the always-empty bike rack (架子) outside and grabbed my morning coffee, already nervous about the afternoon journey home.I think about this experience a lot, especially when I come across pro-bike or anti-car dialogue on my social media channels. On the one hand, I see activists and advocates rightly pointing out the terrible and too often deadly state of our roads. Whether it’s a lack of protective bike lanes or poorly designed bike parking,car-centric road layouts, or inconsistent enforcement of speed limits, we are not short of dangers that need to be dealt with. After all, these are structural challenges that ensure that biking remains a minority pastime for the brave-at-heart. No argument here.Yet I also see bike advocates criticizing those around them for not biking or walking, or for choosing to drive instead. Sometimes it’s simply a remark like, “You aren’t stuck in traffic; you are traffic. But sometimes it’s a more barbed (挖苦的) attack on “lazy” parents in the school drop-off line or “greedy” car drivers who choose an SUV.I’ve even seen one tweet suggesting it should be illegal to drive your kids to school. Here’s the thing, though: If we’re going to point out the dangerous state of our roads, and the government’s lack of will to invest in alternatives, then we might want to recogni ze that it’s not exactly illogical for some of us to choose to drive.And sure, once you do have a city where biking is easy, safe, and accessible, there might be some room for shaming those who refuse to give up their tanks, even though they could. Until that day, however, I wish that all of us would get better at thinking cleverly about where we spend our time and energy.1. How did the author feel after riding to workA. Regretful.B. Happy.C. Energetic.D. Angry.2. About which do most people agree with each otherA. The bike-centric road design.B. The dangerous state of the roads.C. The reasonable speed limits.D. The pleasure for the majority of bike lovers.3. What is implied in the third paragraphA. Biking or walking is safer than driving.B. Some kids are driven to school illegally.C. Car drivers are often blamed for driving.D. An SUV can provide better crash protection.4. What’s the author’s attitude towards shaming car driversA. Objective.B. Tolerant.C. Approving.D. Negative.【真题链接：2022新高考I卷】Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste. The arugula (芝麻菜) was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends called with a dinner invitation. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out.In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against the moral g rain,” as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story. It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away —from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were acountry, it would be the third largest producer of greenhousegas es in the world.”If that’s hard to understand, let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator. Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time —but for him, it’s more like 12 boxes of donated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington, D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.Such methods seem obvious, yet so often we just don’t think. “Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat.” Curtin says.24. What does the author want to show by telling the arugula storyA. We pay little attention to food waste.B. We waste food unintentionally at times.C. We waste more vegetables than meat.D. We have good reasons for wasting food.25. What is a consequence of food waste according to the textA. Moral decline.B. Environmental harm.C. Energy shortage.D. Worldwide starvation.26. What does Curtin’s company doA. It produces kitchen equipment.B. It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.C. It helps local farmers grow fruits.D. It makes meals out of unwanted food.27. What does Curtin suggest people doA. Buy only what is needed.B. Reduce food consumption.C. Go shopping once a week.D. Eat in restaurants less often.【真题链接：2022全国甲卷】Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there — broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went out separate ways — he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.“I’ll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted.“How do you mean ” I asked.“Oh, they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot. But that’s progress, I guess.”Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords (口号), and traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself,” she said. “We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better at resolving (解决).”On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country,” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still. We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It’s a pretty hard combination to beat.”He is right, but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries.32. What is the first paragraph mainly aboutA. Sydney’s striking architecture.B. The cultural diversity of Sydney.C. The key to Sydney’s development.D. Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s.33. What can we learn about Andrew ReynoldsA. He goes to work by boat.B. He looks forward to a new life.C. He pilots catamarans well.D. He is attached to the old ferries.34. What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of SydneyA. It is losing its traditions.B. It should speed up its progress.C. It should expand its population.D. It is becoming more international.35. Which statement will the author probably agree withA. A city can be young and old at the same time.B. A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.C. Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.D. Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign. 参考答案：【原创试题（一）】本文是一篇议论文。
浙江省高考英语二轮复习 说理议论阅读理解(3)
说理议论阅读理解（3）说理议论（阅读理解）由 (2013江西,D)改编One might expect that the ever-growing demands of the tourist trade would bring nothing but good for the countries that receive the holiday-makers.Indeed,a rosy picture is painted for the long-term future of the holiday industry.Every month sees the building of a new hotel somewhere.And every month another rock-bound Pacific island is advertised as the “last paradise(天堂) on earth”.However,the scale and speed of this growth seem set to destroy the very things tourists want to enjoy.In those countries where there was a rush to make quick money out of sea-side holidays,over-crowded beaches and the concrete jungles of endless hotels have begun to lose their appeal.Those countries with little experience of tourism can suffer most.In recent years,Nepal set out to attract foreign visitors to fund developments in health and education.Its forests ,full of wildlife and rare flowers,were offered to tourists as one more untouched paradise.In fact,the nature all too soon felt the effects of thousands of holiday-makers traveling through the forest land.Ancient tracks became major routes for the walkers,with the consequent exploitation of precious trees and plants.Not only can the environment of a country suffer from the sudden growth of tourism.The people as well rapidly feel its effects.Farmland makes way for hotels,roads and airports; the old way of life goes.The one-time farmer is now the servant of some multi-national organization; he is no longer his own master.Once it was his back that bore the pain; now it is his smile that is exploited.No doubt he wonders whether he wasn’t happier in his village working his own land.Thankfully,the tourist industry is waking up to the responsibilities it has towards those countries that receive its customers.The protection of wildlife and the creation of national parks go hand in hand with tourist development and in fact obtain financial support from tourist companies.At the same time,tourists are being encouraged to respect not only the countryside they visit but also its people.The way tourism is handled in the next ten years will decide its fate and that of the countries we all want to visit.Their needs and problems are more important than those of the tourist companies.Increased understanding in planning world-wide tourism can preserve the market for these companies.If not,in a few years’ time the very things that attract tourists now may well have been destroyed.1.What does the author indicate in the last sentence of Paragraph 1?( )A.The Pacific island is a paradise.B.The Pacific island is worth visiting.C.The advertisement is not convincing.D.The advertisement is not impressive.2.The example of Nepal is used to suggest .A.its natural resources are untouchedB.its forests are exploited for farmlandC.it develops well in health and educationD.it suffers from the heavy flow of tourists3.What can we learn about the farmers from Paragraph 4?( )A.They are happy to work their own lands.B.They have to please the tourists for a living.C.They have to struggle for their independence.D.They are proud of working in multi-national organizations.4.Which of the following determines the future of tourism?( )A.The number of tourists.B.The improvement of services.C.The promotion of new products.D.The management of tourism.5.The author’s attitude towards the development of the tourist industry is .A.optimisticB.doubtfulC.objectiveD.negative语篇解读:本篇为议论文,重点讨论了旅游业带来的负面影响。
(新)高考英语二轮复习与增分策略专题一阅读理解第三节题组练习5说理议论
说理议论A(2017·四川宜宾二次诊断)Famous people have a lot of influences on cultural trends，like it or not.When Oprah goes on a 21-day vegan diet，it makes headlines.When Amal Clooney wears a Stella McCartney dress，sales go way up.However，one trend that seems harmless—but is actually harmful—is the pressure on stars to have their photos taken with rare animals.Famous people who are asked to have photos taken with wild animals for a magazine spread or who do so while on vacation always have good intentions and even love animals.This makes them easy targets for the often greedy amusement parks and fake animal centers.These business people love the thought of sharing pictures of a star hugging a baby tiger or a whale.Kind people are naturally drawn to places that claim to offer rare animals safety and are eager to see elephants paint，to hug baby bears or to swim with dolphins.However，being frequently exposed has shown that many of these business people are breeders(饲养动物者)，dealers or exhibitors that are using stars’ good will for their own ends.In some Asian countries，elephants are kept in camps.A few camps are working to help elephants in trouble，but the vast majority are not，and training methods are barbaric.As soon as the cameras are gone after someone like Prince William takes aphoto with an elephant，the chains go back on.Fans tell the stars：Stay away from wild animal photos，and the animals will be grateful.Of course，you don’t have to be famous to make a difference.Whether right here at home or at an exotic locale abroad，every one of us must fight the desire to take a photo with an elephant or hug a baby tiger.1．Why are Oprah and Amal Clooney mentioned in Paragraph 1?A．To introduce the topic of the passage.B．To promote the cultural influence on stars.C．To remind people how important the trend is.D．To show famous people’s pressure from wild animals.答案 A解析推理判断题。