中石油 远程大学语文第一阶段作业
中国石油大学大学语文在线考试（开卷）答案
中国石油大学大学语文在线考试（开卷）答案《大学语文》在线考试（开卷）试题注意事项：1、通过在线考试模块完成该课程考核；2、抄袭、雷同作业一律按零分处理；一、翻译题（共15分）世言晋王之将终也，以三矢赐庄宗而告之曰：“梁，吾仇也；燕王，吾所立；契丹，与吾约为兄弟；而皆背晋以归梁。
此三者，吾遗恨也。
与尔三矢，尔其无忘乃父之志！”庄宗受而藏之于庙。
其后用兵，则遣从事以一少牢告庙，请其矢，盛以锦囊，负而前驱，及凯旋而纳之。
方其系燕父子以组，函梁君臣之首，入于太庙，还矢先王，而告以成功，其意气之盛，可谓壮哉！及仇雠已灭，天下已定，一夫夜呼，乱者四应，仓皇东出，未及见贼而士卒离散，君臣相顾，不知所归。
至于誓天断发，泣下沾襟，何其衰也！岂得之难而失之易欤？译文：世人说晋王将死的时候，拿三支箭赐给庄宗，告诉他说：“梁国，是我的仇敌；燕王，是我扶持建立起来的；契丹与我订立盟约，结为兄弟，他们却都背叛晋而归顺梁。
这三件事，是我的遗留的仇恨；给你三支箭，你一定不要忘记你父亲的愿望。
”庄宗接了箭，把它收藏在祖庙里。
此后出兵，就派随从官员用猪羊各一头祭告祖庙，请下那三支箭，用锦囊盛着，背着它走在前面，等到凯旋时再把箭藏入祖庙。
当庄宗用绳子捆绑着燕王父子，用木匣装着梁君臣的首级，进入太庙，把箭还给先王，向先王禀告成功的时候，他意气骄盛，多么雄壮啊。
等到仇敌已经消灭，天下已经平定，一个人在夜间呼喊，作乱的人便四方响应，他匆忙向东出逃，还没有看到叛军，士卒就离散了，君臣相对而视，不知回到哪里去。
以至于对天发誓，割下头发，大家的泪水沾湿了衣襟，又是多么衰颓啊。
难道是得天下艰难而失天下容易吗?或者说推究他成功与失败的事迹，都是由于人事呢?《尚书》上说：“自满招来损害，谦虚得到好处。
”忧虑辛劳可以使国家兴盛，安闲享乐可以使自身灭亡，这是自然的道理。
二、简答题（每题5分，共15分）1、《贫女》中的贫女有何指代意义？答：以贫女虽有才貌却无人问津而老大闺中写出贫寒之士虽有才学却无人赏识，沉沦下僚。
中国石油大学《大学语文》在线考试模拟题1
B:《孟子》
C:《庄子》
D:《国语》
参考选项：B
《明夷待访录》的作者是:
A:黄宗羲
B:顾炎武
C:王夫之
D:梅尧臣
参考选项：A
“民为贵,社稷次之,君为轻”的提出者是:
A:孔子
B:孟子
C:庄子
Dபைடு நூலகம்韩非
参考选项：B
《蒹葭》一诗最突出的特点是:
A:意境朦胧、含蕴不尽
B:长于夸张、催人泪下
C:直抒胸臆、大胆追求
D:借境抒情，善用比喻
参考选项：A
“君子远庖厨”这个词语源自:
A:《论语》
B:《孟子》
C:《谏逐客书》
D:《庄子》
参考选项：B
《五代史伶官传序》的中心论点是:
A:“盛衰之理，虽曰天命，岂非人事哉”
B:“满招损，谦得益”
C:“忧劳可以兴国，逸豫可以亡身”
D:“祸患常积于忽微，而智勇多困于所溺”
参考选项：A
姚纳是哪部小说中的人物?
A:《米龙老爹》
B:《苦恼》
C:《麦琪的礼物》
D:《风波》
参考选项：B
诗句分析:结庐在人境,而无车马喧。问君何能尔,心远地自偏。
参考选项：略
诗句分析:我最怜君中宵舞,道男儿到死心如铁。看试手,补天裂。
参考选项：略
翻译:当二公之初守也,宁能知人之卒不救,弃城而逆遁?苟此不能守,虽避之他处何益?及其无救而且穷也,将其创残饿羸之余,虽欲去,必不达。二公之贤,其讲之精矣。守一城,捍天下,以千百就尽之卒,战百万日滋之师,蔽遮江、淮,沮遏其势,天下之不亡,其谁之功也?当是时,弃城而图存者,不可一二数;擅强兵,坐而观者,相环也。不追议此,而责二公以死守,亦见其自比于逆乱,设淫辞而助之攻也。
中国石油大学(华东)《大学语文》-在线作业（一）
《大学语文》在线作业（一）
“昔我往矣,杨柳( );今我来思,雨雪霏霏”
A:依依
B:碧碧
C:迟迟
D:袅袅
参考选项：A
《五代史伶官传序》的中心论点是:
A:“盛衰之理，虽曰天命，岂非人事哉”
B:“满招损，谦得益”
C:“忧劳可以兴国，逸豫可以亡身”
D:“祸患常积于忽微，而智勇多困于所溺”
参考选项：A
《张中丞传后叙》歌颂的三个人物是:
A:张巡、张籍、南霁云
B:张巡、许远、于嵩
C:许远、张巡、南霁云
D:张巡、许远、雷万春
参考选项：C
“不应有恨,何事长向别时圆?”中“何事”的意思是( )
A:为什么
B:什么事
C:什么时候
参考选项：A
“落日楼头,断鸿声里,江南游子,把吴钩看了”表现的意思是( ) A:报国无门的悲愤之情
B:太阳落山，月亮升起
C:作者喜欢江南美景流连忘返
参考选项：A
《老子》,亦称《道德经》,是道家学派的经典,共多少章?
A:36
B:49
C:64
D:81
参考选项：D
可惜流年,忧愁风雨,( )犹如此!
A:天
B:人
C:事
D:树
参考选项：D
易安居士是指( )
A:辛弃疾
B:王安石
C:苏轼
D:李清照
参考选项：D
《杜十娘怒沉百宝箱》的故事发生在( ) A:唐朝
B:宋朝
C:明朝
D:清朝
参考选项：C
狡兔三窟出自( )
A:《老子》
B:《韩非子》
C:《战国策》
D:《孟子》
参考选项：C。
2020年春【中石油】大学语文(二)第一次在线作业(标准)
【石油大学】大学语文（二）-第一次在线作业试卷总分:100 得分:100第1题,1.（5.0分）下列不属于用典好处的一项是（）。
A、信息量大B、形象丰富C、一目了然D、意境深远正确答案:C第2题,2.（5.0分）20世纪40年代解放区“新歌谣”的代表诗作是（）。
A、《青松歌》B、《回延安》C、《罪恶的黑手》D、《王贵与李香香》正确答案:D第3题,3.（5.0分）下列属于许地山的作品是（）。
A、《感伤的旅行》B、《缘缘堂随笔》C、《荔枝小品》D、《空山灵雨》正确答案:D第4题,4.（5.0分）散文《爱尔克的灯光》的中心线索是（）。
A、长宜子孙B、三种灯光C、旧时回忆D、重返故里正确答案:B第5题,5.（5.0分）下面属于新闻评论的是（）。
A、消息B、通讯C、新闻调查D、专栏言论正确答案:D第6题,6.（5.0分）下列散文集中，属于“散文诗”的是（）。
A、《自己的园地》B、《写在人生边上》C、《野草》D、《花边文学》正确答案:C第7题,7.（5.0分）下列与散文《松堂游记》同属一位作者的作品是（）。
A、《爱尔克的灯光》B、《荷塘月色》C、《论快乐》D、《给我的孩子们》正确答案:B第8题,8.（5.0分）下列文体中属于应用文体的是（）。
A、小说B、调查报告C、诗歌D、剧本正确答案:B第9题,9.（5.0分）20世纪30年代“左联”倡导了（）。
A、白话诗运动B、“小诗”运动C、格律诗运动D、革命诗歌运动正确答案:D第10题,10.（5.0分）下列散文作品属于丰子恺的是（）。
A、《笑》B、《缘缘堂随笔》C、《荷塘月色》D、《白马湖之东》正确答案:B第11题,11.（5.0分）林语堂主张散文用幽默的艺术揭示生活中的矛盾。
（）正确错误正确答案:正确第12题,12.（5.0分）郭沫若诗歌的代表作是《尝试集》。
（）正确错误正确答案:错误第13题,13.（5.0分）《再别康桥》是徐志摩最为脍炙人口的诗篇。
（）正确错误正确答案:正确第14题,14.（5.0分）冰心的散文集有《往事》和《关于女人》。
石大远程奥鹏-外国文学作品选读-第一阶段在线作业正确答案
B、《竞选州长》
C、《哥尔德斯密斯的朋友再度出洋》
D、《百万英镑的钞票》
E、《败坏了赫德莱堡的人》
正确答案：ABCDE
33. 索福克勒斯的悲剧有
A、《被缚的普罗米修斯》
B、《安提戈涅》
C、《俄狄浦斯王》
D、《美狄亚》
E、《埃阿斯》
正确答案：BCE
34. 但丁《神曲》分为下面三部分
A、《人间篇》
B、《地狱篇》
C、《炼狱篇》
D、《天堂篇》
正确答案：BCD
35. 《十日谈》中反映的人文主义思想有
A、讽刺教会与僧侣
B、反对禁欲主义
C、反对蒙昧主义
D、反对神秘主义
E、歌颂纯真美好的爱情
正确答案：ABCDE
36. 莎士比亚的四大悲剧包括
A、《罗米欧与朱丽叶》
B、《哈姆雷特》
C、《李尔王》
A、荷马
B、但丁
C、莎士比亚
D、薄伽丘
正确答案：B
9. 《简爱》中男女主人公相爱的典型环境是在
A、里德太太家
B、劳渥德学校
C、圣约翰家
D、桑菲尔德庄园
正确答案：D
10. 列夫·托尔斯泰小说最突出的写作特征是
A、结构巧妙
B、人物塑造
C、心理描写
D、景物描写
正确答案：C
11. 荷马史诗的内容与发生在古代历史上的一次战争有关。这次战争是
D、《麦克白》
E、《奥赛罗》
正确答案：BCDE
37. 哈姆雷特延宕的原因各种解释有
A、弗洛伊德的精神分析解释
B、封建基督教的传统观念
C、原型批评解释
D、19世纪传统作家的解释
正确答案：ABCD
大学语文第一次作业
作业名称：大学语文第一次作业作业总分：100 通过分数：60起止时间：2015-10-9 至2015-11-8 23:59:00标准题总分：100详细信息：题号:1 题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:2内容:在《答李翊书》一文中，韩愈说自己是“所谓望孔子之门墙而不入于其宫者”，这句话的含意是（）。
A、不愿成为孔门弟子B、感叹成为孔门弟子太难C、孔子已逝，只能望孔子之门而兴叹D、自谦没有得到孔学真谛正确答案:D题号:2 题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:2内容:《论语》“侍坐”章中，孔子让众弟子各言其志，弟子们的言论中，孔子叹着气赞赏的是（）。
A、子路B、曾皙C、冉有D、公西华正确答案:B题号:3 题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:2内容:司马迁《报任安书》：“人固有一死，或重於泰山，或轻於鸿毛。
”句中“或”的词性是（）。
A、连词B、副词C、代词D、名词正确答案:C题号:4 题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:2内容:《郑伯克段于鄢》一文中，体现统治阶级道德虚伪的一个典型细节是（）。
A、庄公“寤生”B、颍考叔“食舍肉”C、共叔段“收贰为己邑”D、庄公母子“隧而相见”正确答案:D题号:5 题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:2 内容:《论语》“侍坐”章中，由于“其言不让”而被孔子“哂之”的是（）。
A、子路B、曾皙C、冉有D、公西华正确答案:A题号:6 题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:2 内容:《庄子·秋水》：“秋水时至，百川灌河。
”句中“时”的意思是（）。
A、时常B、按时C、适时D、及时正确答案:B题号:7 题型:单选题（请在以下几个选项中选择唯一正确答案）本题分数:2 内容:被鲁迅先生誉为“史家之绝唱，无韵之《离骚》”的一部史书是（）。
中石油大学语文试题及答案
1拿到试卷：熟悉试卷刚拿到试卷一般心情比拟紧张,建议拿到卷子以后看看考卷一共几页,有多少道题,了解试卷结构,通览全卷是克服“前面难题做不出,后面易题没时间做〞的有效举措,也从根本上预防了“漏做题〞.2做题顺序：从卷首依次开始一般来讲,全卷大致是先易后难的排列.所以,正确的做法是从卷首开始依次做题,先易后难, 最后攻坚.但也不是果断地“依次〞做题,虽然考卷大致是先易后难,但试卷前部特别是中间出现难题也是常见的,执着程度适当,才能绕过难题,先做好有保证的题,才能尽量多得分.3做题策略做题策略一共有三点：1.先易后难、先熟后生.先做简单的、熟悉的题,再做综合题、难题. 2.先小后大.先做容易拿分的小题,再做耗时又复杂的大题. 3.先局部后整体.把疑难问题划分成一系列的步骤,一步一步的解决,每解决一步就能得到一步的分数.4学会分段得分会做的题目要特别注意表达准确、书写标准、语言科学,预防被“分段扣点分〞.不会做的题目我们可以先成认中间结论,往后推,看能否得到结论.如果不能,说明这个途径不对,立即改变方向；如果能得出预期结论,就回过头来,集中力量攻克这一“卡壳处〞.如果题目有多个问题,也可以跳步作答,先答复自己会的问题.5立足中下题目,力争高水平测试时,由于时间和个别题目的难度,多数学生很难做完、做对全部题目,所以在答卷中要立足中下题目.中下题目通常占全卷的80%以上,是试题的主要构成,学生能拿下这些题目,实际上就是有了胜利在握的心理,对攻克高档题会更放得开.6保证运算正确,立足一次性成功在答卷时,要在以快为上的前提下,稳扎稳打,步步准确,尽量一次性成功.不能为追求速度而丢掉准确度,甚至丢掉重要的得分步骤.试题做完后要认真做好解后检查,看是否有空题, 答卷是否准确,格式是否标准.7要学会“挤〞分测试试题大多分步给分,所以理科要把主要方程式和计算结果写在显要位置,文科尽量把要点写清晰,作文尤其要注意开头和结尾.测试时,每一道题都认真思考,能做几步就做几步,对于考生来说就是能做几分是几分,这是测试中最好的策略.8检查后的涂改方式要讲究发现错误后要划掉重新写,忌原地用涂黑的方式改,这会使阅卷老师看不清.如果对现有的题解不满意想重新写,要先写出正确的,再划去错误的.有的同学先把原来写的题解涂抹了,写新题解的时间又不够,本来可能得的分数被自己涂掉了.测试期间遇到这些事,莫慌乱！不管是大型测试还是平时的检测, 或多或少会存在一些突发情况.遇到这些意外情况应该怎么办？为防患于未然,老师家长们应该在考前给孩子讲清楚应急举措,告诉孩子遇事不慌乱,沉重冷静,必要时可以向监考老师寻求帮助.Grammar andVocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.This is where my kids grew upFor years now, I ' ve been wanting to sell our home, the place where my husband and I raised our kids. But to me, this house is more than just a building. In the front room, there 'a wall that has hundreds of pencil lines. Every growth stage (21)(mark) in pencils, with each child name and the date.Of all the objects and all the memories, it ' this one thing in a home that '(22)(hard) to leave behind. Our kids grow in so many ways, but the wall is physical evidence of their progress. Friends I know have visited their previous home only (23) (discover) their wall of heights has been freshly painted over. Over the years, I ' vealked about how much I would hate leaving that wall behind when I moved, (24) the last marks were made 10 years ago when my kids stopped growing. So one day, while I was at work, my children decided to do (25)about it.They hired Jacquie Manning, a professional photographer (26)work is about capturing the beautiful things in life. She came to our house while I was at work, and over several hours, (27) (take) photos of the hundreds of drawings and lines, little grey fingerprints, and old marks. Somehow, she managed to photograph (28)we had experienced in all those years. Afterwards, she put all the photos together into one image, (29)(transform) them into a beautiful history of my family.There weeks later, my children w onderful gift made its way to me -- (30) life - size photo of the pencil lines and fingerprints that represents entire lifetimes of love and growth .Section BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.Emphasizing social play and students helping one another in kindergarten improves academic outcomes, self-control and attention regulation, finds new UBC research. The study, published in the journal PLoS One, found this approach to kindergarten curriculum also 31 _ children ' s joy in learning and teachers ' enjoyment of tea “Before childrenhave the ability to sit for long periods _32_information, they need to be allowed tobe 33 and be encouraged to learn by dong, Dr. Adesaidiamond, the study 'lead author. "Indeed, peopleof all ages learn better by doing than by being told.〞Through a controlled experiment, Diamond and her colleagues_34_the effectiveness of a curriculum called Tools of the Mind (Tools). The curriculum was introduced to willing kindergarten teachers and 351 childrenwith different backgrounds in 18 public schools.Tools was developed in 1993 by two American researchers. Its basic_35_is that social - emotional development and improving self-control is as important as teaching academic skills and content. The Tools 36_the role of social play in developing skills such as self - control, selective attention and planning. - " Skills likescontrol and selective attention are necessary for learning. They are often more strongly associated with school readiness(入学准备) than intelligence quotient (IQ ), “said Diamond. This experiment is the first to show 37 of a curriculum emphasizing social play.〞Teachers reported more _38_behavior and greater sense of community in Tools classes. Late is the school year, Tools teachers reported they still felt _39_and excited about teaching, while teachers in the control group were exhausted. "I have enjoyed seein4(theprogress my students have made in writing and reading. said a Tools teacher in Vancouver. " have also enjoyed seeing the students get so excited about coming to school and learning. They loved all the activities so much that many students didn ' want to miss school, even if they were sick.〞in. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In product design, imagining user ' s feelings leads to more original outcomes Researchers find that in a new p roduct design, connecting with user ' s heart, rather than their head, can lead to more original and creative outcomes.Developing original and_41_products is critical to a company' long-term success. Thus, understanding what influences originality can have important and potentially _42_consequences for businesses. Ravi Mehta, a professor of business administration, shows that adopting a(n)_43_that imagines how the user would feel while using a product leads designers to experience greater empathy (同感),which _44_creativity and, in turn, outcome originality for new product design.There are two ways that the product designer can_45 the consumer ' product usage. One focuses on objective use of the product - how consumers might use the product, that is, an objective - imagination " approach.The other focuses on feelings - how the product makes the consumer feel, a -imag insfeeninga pproach.Consumers always want to have new products that solve problems more efficiently and at a less cost. So product designers _46 _this trap of being very objective in focusing on the use of a product. That ' im portant, leads designers to experience greater empathy, which makes them more_48_, the feelings-imagination approach leads designers to experience greater empathy, which makes them more_49_ to the consumers ideas. This leads to greater outcome originality. Mehta said, “ when you imagine consumers and focus on their feelings, thapowerful ' and will lead to something much more innovative than only focusing on a product 'usage. The research shows that a feelings - based approach is 50 to the commonly used objective - based approach, the researchers wrote. It not only helps product designers build a better product, but is also them create more innovative products.The implications of the findings extend to everyday consumers, who now play a role in shaping companies design. Mehta said, “ Marketers are incre&singnsumers for new product ideas. _ 52,, there was verysuccessful campaign a few years ago focused on getting consumers to create a new potato chip flavor.The experiments demonstrated a _53_effect of adopting a feelings - imagination approach. That suggest that these designers may _ 54 imagining users feelings. In this way, designers can develop products the could _55 _to the masses. Companies can easily adopt this process and promote feelings-imagination exercise through their websites or social media.41. A. primary B. innovative C. natural D. domestic42. A. temporary B. slight C. indefinite D. profitable43. A. policy B. proposal C. approach D. standard44. A. enhances B. exhibits C. illustrates D. explores45. A. recommend B. extend C. exploit D. imagine46. A. fall apart B. figure out C. fall into D. turn into47. A. originality B. objectivity C. creativity D. flexibility48. A. In conclusion B. In addition C. As a result D. By contrast49. A. open B. harmful C. resistant D. equal50. A. evident B. superior C. relevant D. alert51. A. joining in B. applying to C. turning to D. taking to52. A. In reality B. In other words C. What ' s more D. For example53. A. dramatic B. positive C. negative D. serious54. A. depend on B. benefit from C. contribute to D. involve in55. A. appeal B. refer C.adapt D. commitSection BDirections: Read the following three passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)When she was ten years old, Isadora Duncan dropped out of school to teach people dance. If that job was le to any other ten-year-old, it would have turned out frustrating, difficult, and a little discouraging.But Duncan was different. Not only was she already talented enough to earn money even at that age, but she also had a rare kind of confidence that helped her treat troubles as fuel -- something to elevate the fire that is already burning inside of her.It ' no surprise, then, that when she moved to New York to join a theatre company, she found herself restricted. The existing dancing style, their way of operating -- all of this seemed to her the work of a misguided past. Duncan was very direct about what she wanted, confidently telling people she had a different vision of dance that she was going to spread in the world. This, naturally, led to ridicule and laughs early on, but as she built up her work, these instances became less frequent. Today, she is remembered as “ The Mother of Dance, " with much of the modern art owing its expressive style to her influence. Inspired by the ancient Greeks, she brought the style to life.In her autobiography (自传),one of the things Duncan frequently refers to as the basis of her expressive spirit is the fact that she had a childhood where shewasn' constantly watched. The expectations of her mother (who raised her) were open - ended. It was freedom of this lifestyle that drove her to see what she could do.Growing up, before she left school, she was told one of two things : that was either completely useless or that she was a genius. There was nothing is between. Even when she started working, people either bowed to her or they basically ignored her. But there wasn' t one moment Duncan doubted her owngenius.There is an old quotation “if you judge a fish by its ability to climb a tree, it will live its whole life believingthat it is stupid. " And it captures an important truth. At school, Isadora Duncan wasea Ifa the dance hall, shegave from to brilliance.56. What does the underlined phrase “ treat troublmeasi?uel〞A. Duncan used troubles to push her forward towards her dream.B. Duncan was good at burning away everyday troubles.C. Troubles turned Duncan into a confident girl.D. Troubles it the fire of dancing in Duncan.57. Which of the following is TRUE about Duncan?A. Her experience in New York was the foundation of her career.B. Her teaching job when she was little destroyed her confidence.C. Her dancing style was not very well received at the beginning.D. Her mother set higher expectation on her than she could bear.58. What does the author try to tell the readers in the last paragraph?A. It is useless climbing a tree to catch fish.B. Everybody is a genius in his own way.C. Miseries come from human stupidity.D. Teachers can impact students greatly.59. What is this passage mainly about?A. Isadora Duncan ' childhood and her achievements today.B. Duncan ' s career development and other dancers her.opinions ofC. Isadora Duncan ' s eexperiences and the reasons for her success.D. Duncan ' s high status in the dancing world and her unique expressivstyle.(B)Taking your pulse during physical activity allows you to measure how hard you are exercising. You should exercise to sty within your target heart range.Increasing your heart rate is a key part of exercise, but it is important that your heart rate is not too high or too low. If you are a beginner, you should also be able to breathe comfortably while exercising. This will ensure that you are exercising at a level that is safe and effective for your body.The chart below illustrates target heart rate ranges for exercise based on the maximal heart rate for selected ages. Here are steps for using the chart:Target Heart Rate Zone60. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Exercise intensity can be reflected by a person ' s heate.B. The faster your heart rate is, the more effective the exercise is.C. Vigorous exercise will definitely present a threat to people safety. ' sD. The target exercise heart rate range for a 45 -year-old is 90-149 RMB.61. A 34-year-old man is running and the number of pulses he takes for 15 seconds is 40. His finess coach had better tell himA. 〞Yoare doing fine. "B. "Yocan run faster. 〞C. 〞Yoshould slow down a bit. "D. "Yoishould drink some water.〞62. What is the purpose of this passage?A. To advise people to form a habit of taking their pulses while exercising.B. To inform people of the target heart rate zone for those aged 60 an under.C. To tell people the importance of maintaining moderate amount of exercise.D. To show people how to measure heart rate to keep proper exercise intensity.〔C〕A tiny clue found in ancient deposits has unlocked big secrets about Greenland 'past and future climate. Just beyond the northwest edge of the vast Greenland Ice Sheet, researchers have discovered lake mud that have survived the last ice age. The mud, and remains of common flies in it, record two inter-glacial periods 〔间冰期〕in northwest Greenland.Although researchers have long known these two periods -- the early Holocene and Last Inter-glacial - experienced warming in the Arctic, the mix of fly species shows that Greenland was even warmer than previously thought. " Asar as we know, it has never been found in Greenland. We think this is the first time anyone has reported it in ancient deposits or modern lakes there, Axford said. " Wwere really surprised to see how far north it migrated 〔迁徙〕.〞This new information could help researchers better measure Greenland ' s sensitivity to warming, by and improving models of climate and ice sheet behaviour. Those models could than improve predictions of how Greenland ' s ice sheet might respond to maniade global warming. After all, Greenland coveres 80 per cent of the Arctic country and holds enough ice to equal 20 feet of global sea level . " Northwest Greenland might feel reallyremote, but what happens to that ice sheet is going to matter to everyone in every coastal city around the world, said Yarrow Axford, an associate professor in the team. " One of the big uncertaintieerioecisrhiowsast theEarth changes when it gets warmer. Geology gives us an opportunity to see what happened when the Earth was warmer than today, s aid Axford.People might be surprised to see how today ' s Greenland looked during the la-gltwoalnleriods.During the Last Inter-glacial, global sea levels increased by 15 to 30 feet, largely due to thinning of Greenland and Antarctica icessheets. However, now researchers believe northern Greenland 'ice sheet experienced strongerwarming than previously thought, which could mean that Greenland is more responsible for that sea-level rise.Finding lake deposits older than about 10,000 years, however, has been historically very difficult in Greenland. To measure these ancient temperatures, researchers look to ice core s〔冰核〕and lake deposits. Since ice and lake deposits form by a gradual buildup on annual layers of snow or mud, these cores contain history of the past. By looking through the layers, researchers can obtain climate clues from centuries ago.63. Why are the remains of flies mentioned in the first two paragraphs?A. They serve as evidence that there is still life in the Northwest Greenland.B. They were one of the many ancient lives that were left in the Greenland mud.C. They are indicators that Greenland was much warmer than previously thought.D. They help the researchers realize that there was once a warm period in the Arctic.64. The new information about Greenland is important becauseA. researchers have no idea how to measure Greenland speed.warmingB. it can help researchers better predict Greenland warminge sponse toC. people should be more sensitive to the changes in the ice in GreenlandD. it is uncertain how fast the Earth changes with man - made global warming65. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A. It is easier for today 'scientists to find ancient lake deposits.B. People are surprised at the landscape feature of Greenland today.C. Researchers measure the changing temperatures by directly examining mud.D. Greenland holds enough ice that might one day threaten life in coastal cities.66. Which do you think is the best title of the passage?A. Greenland Used to Be Much GreenerB. Earth Once Experienced Warm PeriodsC. Coastal Cities Warned of Coming DisastersD. Northwest Greenland, A Perfect DestinationSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.South Africa still has a long way to go on the right to foodA. As a result, questions of hunger are largely absent in South African politics.B. Handing food injustice requires a transformation of the under-sirable structure of the food system.C. Therefore, the government has put forward numerous food and nutrition security programs to fight against hunger.D. This means that smaller scale producers, processors and retailers are squeezed out.E. Hunger, lack of nutrition and related illnesses are not equally spread.F. There are international examples of governments taking their obligations seriously with regard to the right to food.Fifty- four percent of South Africans are hungry or at risk of hunger. Hunger affects people ' as their ability to live full and productive lives because the rights to dignity, health and education are affected by hunger.67 ___ There are significant race, class and gender differences. For example, black South Africansare 22 times more likely to be food insecure compared with white South Africans. Food insecurity is defined as not having physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food that meets dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.This unequal distribution indicates a situation of severe food injustice in South Africa. Yet from the researchwith urban farmers it ' s clear that people do not know of the right to food, and don ' t see unequal accej food as an injustice. _____ 68 While there are frequent protests around access to jobs, education, housing,water and electricity, we rarely, if ever, see protests about access to food.One of the drivers of unequal access to food is the way in which the industrial food system works. For example, a few large companies dominate each aspect of the food value chain.69 Because the large companiesdominate the supply chain, they are able to maximize profits at the expense of small - scale producers, to whom they pay very low prices.70 It needs to ensure that marginalized producers, processors and retailers have an opportunityto earn a decent living. At the same time corporate dominance needs to be addressed.Anyway, at the most basic level, it requires that South Africans know they have a right to food in the first place.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Most of us -- even those at the top -- struggle with public - speaking anxiety. When I ask my clients what makes them nervous, invariably they respond with the same answers: "I don ' t like being watchedeyes on me " or "I don ' t like being in the spotlight. 〞To understand why, we need to go way back to prehistoric times, when humans regarded eyes watching us as an existential threat. Those eyes were likely predators (肉食动物) and people were terrified of being eaten alive. The bad news is that our brains have transferred the ancient fear of being watched into public speaking. In other words, public - speaking anxiety is in our DNA.Fortunately, there is a solution: human generosity. The key to disarming our panic button is to turn the focus away from ourselves and toward helping the audience. Studies have shown that an increase in generosity indeed leads to a decrease in amygdala (扁桃腺) activity, which is responsible for our panic feeling in the brain. When we are kind to others, we overcome the sense of being under attack and start to feel less nervous.Admittedly, this is hard to do. But it ' absolutely possible to become a generous speaker. To begin with, when you start preparing for a presentation, the mistake you often make is starting with the topic. Instead, you should start wi th the audience. Identify the audience ' s needs, and craft a message that speaks directly to those needs. Ak you are the most nervous right before you speak. This is the moment when your brain is telling you, judging me. " But it is exactlyet moment when you should refocus your brain. Over time, your brain will begin to get it, and you will become less nervous.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1 .有些地方因污染而出现了许多奇怪的疾病. (arise)2 .全球气候变暖使得一些稀有动物濒临灭绝. (leave)3 .我养成了习惯,趁记忆忧新,就把难忘的经历写下来. (while)4 .该选手的机智及开阔的知识面使评委们大为惊讶,他们一致同意他为冠军获得者. (So ...)VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English composition in 120 - 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是明启中学学生王磊,你校下个月将举行中外学生交流活动,现向学生征求活动方案.你主动向校长写信,表达你的想法.你的信包括以下内容：1 .活动的主题；2 .你设计的1-2个活动的具体内容；3 .你设计该活动的理由.嘉定区2021学年第一学期高三英语教学质量检测试卷参考答案Listening: 1-5 BCDBD 6-10 BACBB 11-13 BDA 14-16 ACB 17-20 BCACGrammar:21. is marked 22. the hardest 23. to discover 24. even though/if25. something 26. whose 27. took 28. what 29. transforming 30. aVocabulary: 31-35 GHFJB 36-40 AIDECCloze: 41-45 BDCAD 46-50 CBDAB 51-55 CDBBAReading comprehension : 56-59 ACBC 60-62 ACD 63-66 CBDAReading 六选四：67-70 EADB参考答案：1. Many people have public-speaking anxiety because there are many eyes on the speakers..分〕2. The reason is that humans turned the fear of being watched by predators in prehistoric times into public speaking.〔1分〕3. To solve the problem, people should focus on helping the audience, speaking directly to the audience refocusing your brain before speaking. 〔1 分+1 分+ 1 分〕第二点还可以写成:The reason dates back to prehistoric times when humans regarded eyes watching them as those of the predators that would eat them alive.第三点还可以写成：To solve the problem, people should be generous to the audience/ focus on helping the audience. They should speak directly to the audience ' s needs and refocus their brain before speaking. Possible version 1:Many people have public-speaking anxiety because there are many eyes on the speakers. The reason is that humans turned the fear of being watched by predators in prehistoric times into public speaking. To solve the problem, people should focus on helping the audience, speaking directly to the audience ' s needs and refocusing their brain b speaking. 〔55〕Translations:1. Some strange disease have arisen from pollution in some places.Some strange diseases have arisen in some places because of pollution.2. The global warming has left some rare species of animals threatened with extinction. The global warming has left some rare species of animals in great danger of extinction.The global warming (has) left some rare (species of ) animals dying out.3. I have formed/ developed /cultivated a habit of writing down the unforgettable experiences while they ' sell fresh in my mind/ memory.4. So amazed were the judges at the wisdom and wide knowledge of the contestant that they all agrees that he would be the champion. / be the winner./win the championship.。
最新中国石油大学大学语文第一阶段在线作业
第一阶段在线作业单选题 (共20道题)收起1.（2.5分）“富贵不能淫章”中，居天下之（），立天下之（），行天下之（）；在括号中填入正确顺序的选项（）。
∙A、安居、正位、大道∙B、广居、安居、正位∙C、广居、正位、大道∙D、正位、大道、广居我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分2.（2.5分）选择下列恰当的句子填空：孟子曰：“民为贵，社稷次之，君为轻。
（），”∙A、是故得乎丘民而为天子∙B、诸侯危社稷，则变置∙C、得乎诸侯为大夫∙D、变置社稷我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分3.（2.5分）“得道多助，失道寡助”的修辞手法是（）。
∙A、对偶∙B、排比∙C、比喻∙D、顶真我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分4.（2.5分）《苏武传》集中描写了苏武奉命出使匈奴，以及在异国（）年的种种遭遇和表现。
∙A、十八∙B、十九∙C、九∙D、十我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分5.（2.5分）评价《史记》为“史家之绝唱，无韵之离骚”的人是（）。
∙A、韩愈∙B、毛泽东∙C、鲁迅∙D、方苞我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分6.（2.5分）唐代擅长写《无题》诗的诗人是（）。
∙A、李白∙B、王昌龄∙C、李商隐∙D、刘禹锡我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分7.（2.5分）杜甫诗歌的风格是（）。
∙A、沉郁顿挫∙B、飘逸奔放∙C、清新淡雅∙D、通俗易懂我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分8.（2.5分）选择正确的选项完成原诗句：《春江花月夜》诗句：（），江月年年只相似。
∙A、江天一色无纤尘∙B、江畔何人初见月∙C、江水流春去欲尽∙D、人生代代无穷已我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分9.（2.5分）选择正确的选项完成原诗句：《过故人庄》诗句：开轩面场圃，（）。
∙A、邀我至田家∙B、绿树村边合∙C、把酒话桑麻∙D、还来就菊花我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分10.（2.5分）选择正确的选项完成原诗句：《走马川行奉送出师西征》诗句：一川碎石大如斗，（）。
∙A、随风满地石乱走∙B、轮台九月风夜吼∙C、半夜军行戈相拨∙D、将军金甲夜不脱我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分11.（2.5分）文学作品中表现的，“可以向往追求却永远达不到追求目标”的一种意境被称为( )。
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1.（2.5分）“富贵不能淫章”中，居天下之（），立天下之（），行天下之（）；在括号中填入正确顺序的选项（）。
• A、安居、正位、大道• B、广居、安居、正位• C、广居、正位、大道• D、正位、大道、广居我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分2.（2.5分）选择下列恰当的句子填空：孟子曰：“民为贵，社稷次之，君为轻。
（），”• A、是故得乎丘民而为天子• B、诸侯危社稷，则变置• C、得乎诸侯为大夫• D、变置社稷我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分3.（2.5分）“得道多助，失道寡助”的修辞手法是（）。
• A、对偶• B、排比• C、比喻• D、顶真我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分4.（2.5分）《苏武传》集中描写了苏武奉命出使匈奴，以及在异国（）年的种种遭遇和表现。
• A、十八• B、十九• C、九• D、十我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分5.（2.5分）评价《史记》为“史家之绝唱，无韵之离骚”的人是（）。
• A、韩愈• B、毛泽东• C、鲁迅• D、方苞我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分6.（2.5分）唐代擅长写《无题》诗的诗人是（）。
• A、李白• B、王昌龄• C、李商隐• D、刘禹锡我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分7.（2.5分）杜甫诗歌的风格是（）。
• A、沉郁顿挫• B、飘逸奔放• C、清新淡雅• D、通俗易懂我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分8.（2.5分）选择正确的选项完成原诗句：《春江花月夜》诗句：（），江月年年只相似。
• A、江天一色无纤尘• B、江畔何人初见月• C、江水流春去欲尽• D、人生代代无穷已我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分9.（2.5分）选择正确的选项完成原诗句：《过故人庄》诗句：开轩面场圃，（）。
• A、邀我至田家• B、绿树村边合• C、把酒话桑麻• D、还来就菊花我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分10.（2.5分）选择正确的选项完成原诗句：《走马川行奉送出师西征》诗句：一川碎石大如斗，（）。
• A、随风满地石乱走• B、轮台九月风夜吼• C、半夜军行戈相拨• D、将军金甲夜不脱我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分11.（2.5分）文学作品中表现的，“可以向往追求却永远达不到追求目标”的一种意境被称为( )。
• A、朦胧意境• B、空灵境界• C、企慕情境• D、意象我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分12.（2.5分）长沮、桀溺的形象是（）。
• A、隐居避世、未能忘情的隐士• B、孔子的学生，季氏的家臣• C、躬耕垄亩的冷漠隐士• D、积极进取的救世之士我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分13.（2.5分）下列表现了“企慕情境”的诗句是（）。
• A、南有乔木，不可休思• B、翘翘错薪，言刈其楚• C、之子于归，言秣其马• D、汉之广矣，不可泳思我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分14.（2.5分）“南有乔木，不可休思”所采用的表现手法是（）。
• A、赋• B、比• C、兴• D、比兼兴我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分15.（2.5分）《楚辞》的奠基人是（）。
• A、刘向• B、宋玉• C、屈原• D、汉成帝我的答案：C 此题得分：2.5分16.（2.5分）下列表述不属于《离骚》一诗的是（）。
• A、使用了比兴象征手法• B、结构宏伟严密• C、创造了新诗体• D、强烈的现实主义精神我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分17.（2.5分）选择正确的选项完成此句：纷吾即有此内美兮，（）；• A、扈江蓠与辟芷• B、又重之以修能• C、纫秋兰以为佩• D、夕揽洲之宿莽我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分18.（2.5分）“诸子百家”属于的时代是（）。
• A、春秋中期• B、春秋战国时期• C、西周初期• D、汉朝初期我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分19.（2.5分）《老子》是道家学说的奠基之作，因被后人尊为经典故又称为（）。
• A、《吕氏春秋》• B、《道德经》• C、《晏子春秋》• D、《管子》我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分20.（2.5分）先秦时期，大量运用古代神话、最富有文学色彩的道家经典著作是（）。
• A、《论语》• B、《老子》• C、《管子》• D、《庄子》我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分多选题 (共20道题)展开收起21.（2.5分）下列哪几项是班固塑造苏武形象主要采用的艺术手法（）。
• A、借景抒情• B、对比反衬• C、人物语言• D、心理描写• E、典型事件我的答案：BCE 此题得分：2.5分22.（2.5分）古体诗在体制上的特点是( )。
• A、每句的字数有规定• B、每个字的声调，即平仄没有限制。
• C、不要求对仗• D、平声韵和仄声韵都可以押韵，在一首诗里可以换韵• E、每首诗的句数不限，可多可少我的答案：BCDE 此题得分：2.5分23.（2.5分）盛唐诗歌主要是下列哪几种题材诗（）。
• A、游仙诗• B、边塞诗• C、政治诗• D、山水田园诗• E、离别诗我的答案：BCD 此题得分：2.5分24.（2.5分）下列哪几位不是盛唐边塞诗的代表作家（）。
• A、李白• B、王维• C、孟浩然• D、岑参• E、李商隐我的答案：ABCE 此题得分：2.5分25.（2.5分）关于《过故人庄》内容表述正确的是（）。
• A、应约访友• B、饮酒交谈• C、打谷场和菜圃使人心旷神怡• D、秋高时节再赏菊• E、依依惜别我的答案：ABCD 此题得分：2.5分26.（2.5分）关于《终南山》的内容表述正确的是（）。
• A、王维山水诗中的名篇• B、孟浩然山水诗中的名篇• C、终南山的宏伟气势和变化万千的韵致• D、表现出一种隐逸情怀• E、表现对田园生活的欣赏我的答案：ACD 此题得分：2.5分27.（2.5分）关于岑参《走马川奉送出师西征》内容表述正确的是（）。
• A、大胆揭露军中将与士的不平等• B、描写军旅生活• C、描绘神奇瑰丽的边塞风物• D、突破征戍诗写边地苦寒和士卒劳苦的格局• E、极大地丰富了边塞诗的题材和表现范围我的答案：BCDE 此题得分：2.5分28.（2.5分）《走马川奉送出师西征》特点是（）。
• A、声调激越• B、声调凄楚哀怨• C、抓住典型环境与典型细节表现唐军将士的气概• D、抓住人物对话表现唐军将士• E、抓住人物对话表现唐军将士我的答案：AC 此题得分：2.5分29.（2.5分）下列关于李白诗歌的表述正确的是（）。
• A、诗风顿挫沉郁• B、诗风豪放飘逸• C、诗的结构起伏跌宕，句式参差错落，• D、意象的营造常常采用大胆的想象和奇妙的夸张• E、意象的营造常融入非凡的气魄和生命激情我的答案：BCDE 此题得分：2.5分30.（2.5分）评价李白诗歌特点的表述正确的是（）。
• A、以气为主• B、以自然为宗• C、以社会现实为宗• D、以俊逸高畅为贵• E、咏之使人飘扬欲仙我的答案：ABDE 此题得分：2.5分31.（2.5分）《诗经》主要运用的艺术手法是（）。
• A、赋，赋者，敷陈其事而直言之也。
• B、比，比者以彼物比此物也• C、兴者，先言他物以引起所咏之词也• D、拟人，把物当人描写• E、夸张，有意对客观事物言过其实我的答案：ABC 此题得分：2.5分32.（2.5分）杜甫诗歌有“诗史”之称，下列表述正确的是（）。
• A、浪漫主义的伟大诗人• B、记录了唐代社会由盛而衰的过程• C、“穷年忧黎元”是他的中心思想• D、“济时肯杀身”是他的一贯精神• E、“致君尧舜上，再使风俗纯”是他的政治理想我的答案：BCDE 此题得分：2.5分33.（2.5分）《诗经？邶风？燕燕》前三句皆以“燕燕于飞”起头从（）方面生动逼真地描绘出燕子的神态。
• A、形态• B、表情• C、语言• D、动作• E、声音我的答案：ADE 此题得分：2.5分34.（2.5分）《楚辞》是具有浓厚的地方色彩的诗体，出现在（）。
• A、战国时代后期• B、先秦时期• C、南方的楚国• D、南方• E、北方我的答案：AC 此题得分：2.5分35.（2.5分）屈原的代表作品有（）。
• A、九歌• B、九章• C、九辩• D、天问• E、离骚我的答案：ABDE 此题得分：2.5分36.（2.5分）《离骚》是一篇忧愤之作，这种忧愤来自屈原与楚国腐朽政治势力的矛盾冲突，这种冲突具体表现为（）。
• A、屈原与“党人”之间的冲突• B、屈原与楚王之间的冲突• C、屈原与宋玉的冲突• D、屈原思想上的自我冲突• E、屈原与其变质弟子的冲突我的答案：ABD 此题得分：2.5分37.（2.5分）《离骚》强烈浪漫主义精神表现为（）方面。
• A、感情热烈奔放• B、对理想的执著追求• C、用一系列香花、草装饰主人公，塑造了坚贞高洁的主人公形象• D、突破四言诗格式• E、比兴手法的运用我的答案：ABC 此题得分：2.5分38.（2.5分）“富贵不能淫章”的艺术特色是（）。
• A、采用对话方式说理议论• B、排比句• C、类比论证• D、象征• E、对偶句我的答案：ABCE 此题得分：2.5分39.（2.5分）下列哪几项不属于孟子“仁政学说”的理论（）。
• A、大丈夫精神• B、生于忧患死于安乐• C、富贵不能淫• D、民本思想• E、坚持礼仪的原则我的答案：ABCE 此题得分：2.5分40.（2.5分）孟子的“民贵君轻”不是指（）。
• A、人民比君主更高贵• B、君主比人民更高贵• C、人民在国家政治中的地位比君主更重要• D、君主在国家政治中的地位比人民更重要• E、人民和君主在国家的政治地位中同样重要我的答案：ABDE 此题得分：2.5分。