安乐死英文PPT课件
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人类社会生产水平低下，生活资料不足以养活所有的社会 成员时，这种安乐死的习俗减少了无力生产自己必需的生活资 料的成员，减轻了社会的负担，在当时可能是适宜的。人类社 会进入生产力水平比较高的阶段后，这种安乐死便不普遍了。 对人类思想文化有巨大影响的宗教,都认为人的生命是天神赐 予的,死亡也由天神来决定，只有君主有权代表天神主宰臣民 的死生；病痛，包括临终前的痛苦，往往被看成天神的惩罚； 于是视自杀与安乐死是篡夺了造物主主宰生死的权力。16世纪 后人本主义的兴起，从天赋人权的基本思想出发，并不提倡安 乐死。但是也有学者从社会的效益和理性的思考出发，考虑和 提出安乐死的主张。如F.培根在《新亚特兰提斯》一书中，主 张实行自愿的安乐死。D.休谟和I.康德也都支持安乐死。但总 的来说，关于安乐死的讨论，相对沉寂了一段时间。
五、安乐死的争议
正方
生命是属于个人的，选 择死亡也是人的基本权 利。这是私人的问题， 丝毫不妨害社会甚至有 益于社会，所以在身患 绝症、不可逆转而临近 死期时，人有权结束自 己的生命。
讨论：您赞成安乐死吗？
看看生患绝症的人多 么痛苦，虽然活着但 生活质量很低，还不 如去死，尊重当事者 的意愿符合人道。否 则，就是在让人履行 一种承受巨大痛苦的" 生"的悲惨义务。
任何微小的法律漏洞 都可能被人利用，为 谋杀、逃避赡养、摆 脱医疗失误等提供方 便；重病求死之人依 然有求生欲望，时常 在疼痛和平静之间摇 摆，如何判断他的真 实意愿？
安乐死本质是一种 自杀，使亲人蒙受痛 苦是自私的。庞大的 贫困群体是中国不容 忽视的现状，"贫病" 总相联，倡导安乐死 无异于减轻政府对贫 困阶层的责任。
国内外安乐死案例
安乐死在中国
• 她，28岁，从1岁起就得 了一种医学界称之为“超 级癌症”的“进行性肌营 养不良症”，直到6岁才 确诊，现在的她全身的肌 肉萎缩，一半以上的骨骼 变形，丧失全部吃、喝、 拉、撒、睡的自理能力。 她叫李燕，一名身患重病 27年、想通过全国两会代 表帮她提交《安乐死申请》 议案的女孩
安乐死PPT课件
still includes make some born as heavy residual, dementia infant, some social severe psychotic, disabled people and some in irreversible state of the "vegetable", death with no pain
The legalization of euthanasia, it is the common aspiration(渴望) of the people, is in favor with the public.
The case in China
1986 In china First euthanasia case Wang Mingcheng
Euthanasia
——安乐死
What is Euthanasia Euthanasia in different countries
Type of Euthanasia Debate of Euthanasia
Ⅰ.What is Euthanasia
• Euthanasia is the termination of a very sick person's life in order to relieve them of their suffering.
Euthanize his mother
Ⅲ.Type of Euthanasia
(1)The first kind of classification
According to the applicable specific object, euthanasia can be divided into special euthanasia and generalized euthanasia.
The legalization of euthanasia, it is the common aspiration(渴望) of the people, is in favor with the public.
The case in China
1986 In china First euthanasia case Wang Mingcheng
Euthanasia
——安乐死
What is Euthanasia Euthanasia in different countries
Type of Euthanasia Debate of Euthanasia
Ⅰ.What is Euthanasia
• Euthanasia is the termination of a very sick person's life in order to relieve them of their suffering.
Euthanize his mother
Ⅲ.Type of Euthanasia
(1)The first kind of classification
According to the applicable specific object, euthanasia can be divided into special euthanasia and generalized euthanasia.
euthanasia安乐死-英文
(斯巴达人)
Ancient Greece
Plato (柏拉图)
Anciany
now
Euthanasia
The act or practice of intentionally ending the life of an individual suffering from a terminal illness or an incurable condition。
➢Doctor and patient must be convinced that there is no other solution.
➢At least one other independent doctor must be consulted.
➢Patient must die with due medical care.
Euthanasia
Voluntary
with the consent of the patient
Non-voluntary
child euthanasia
Involuntary
against the will of the patient
Netherland(荷兰)
Belgium(比利时)
Assisted suicide
Unit two
Active and Passive Euthanasia
Author
American philosopher Ethics & Animal rights 1975 in the New England Journal of Medicine
James Rachels
Spartan
The cons
Legalize any form of euthanasia
Ancient Greece
Plato (柏拉图)
Anciany
now
Euthanasia
The act or practice of intentionally ending the life of an individual suffering from a terminal illness or an incurable condition。
➢Doctor and patient must be convinced that there is no other solution.
➢At least one other independent doctor must be consulted.
➢Patient must die with due medical care.
Euthanasia
Voluntary
with the consent of the patient
Non-voluntary
child euthanasia
Involuntary
against the will of the patient
Netherland(荷兰)
Belgium(比利时)
Assisted suicide
Unit two
Active and Passive Euthanasia
Author
American philosopher Ethics & Animal rights 1975 in the New England Journal of Medicine
James Rachels
Spartan
The cons
Legalize any form of euthanasia
People have the right to die 关于安乐死的讨论 英文课件
Legal System Should be established to Deal with Euthanasia
Many countries have legalized mercy killing. In 2000, the Netherlands became the first country in the world to legalize euthanasia. Switzerland, Norway, and Germany have adopted similar approaches.
Two kinds of euthnasia
i) Passive Euthanasia Allowing people who are being
kept alive artificially to die. (ie. by switching off a life support machine). In affect they die from their illness or injury.
The question of euthanasia raises serious moral issues
The fast advance of medicine and life– extending technologies enable life to be prolonged .But it’s this leap of technologies to prolong life and control dying that raises the controversial topic—euthanasia or mercy killing.
So to assist someone to die is not an act of violence but an act of love.
安乐死_PPT课件
those incapacitated patients ,those who cannot express themselves , such as severely deformed babies, brain death patients, having a mental illness patients ,or those whose intelligence is seriously low ,according to their relatives’ application to conduct euthanasia
Euthanize his mother
Ⅲ.Type of Euthanasia
(1)The first kind of classification
According to the applicable specific object, euthanasia can be divided into special euthanasia and generalized euthanasia.
should be respected, they feel that the quality of life should
not be ignored. Dr. Van Oijen believes that people have the
fundamental right to choose for themselves if they want to die: "What those people who oppose euthanasia are telling me is
Still alive or died with euthanasia
1.In favor of euthanasia 2.Against euthanasia 3. Stay in neutral
Euthanize his mother
Ⅲ.Type of Euthanasia
(1)The first kind of classification
According to the applicable specific object, euthanasia can be divided into special euthanasia and generalized euthanasia.
should be respected, they feel that the quality of life should
not be ignored. Dr. Van Oijen believes that people have the
fundamental right to choose for themselves if they want to die: "What those people who oppose euthanasia are telling me is
Still alive or died with euthanasia
1.In favor of euthanasia 2.Against euthanasia 3. Stay in neutral
安乐死讲课 ppt课件
❖ 中国传统思想里就有乐生、重生，甚至长生不 老的观点，再加上现在虐待老人事件仍层出不穷， 担心安乐死被用于他途，对主动安乐死持慎之又 慎的态度在我国居于主导地位。
三、安乐死与健康意识
❖ 弗洛依德说：“每当我们试图去设想死亡时， 我们都能看到，我们实际上是作为一个旁观死亡 的人而活着。”
❖ 健康不仅是肉体上无病无痛，还应该体现在精 神上的舒畅、健全与社会适应的良好。
❖ 主动安乐死，是对在肉体和精神上遭受极端 痛苦的人实施的一种直接的、旨在仁慈地提 前结束生命的行为。
❖ 主动自愿安乐死，是指被无痛苦结束生命的 人，在头脑清醒时有这样的要求。人们谈论 的安乐死主要就指主动自愿安乐死。
❖ 主动的非自愿安乐死，是指重病者或濒临死 亡者没能力作出安乐死选择，他们被无痛苦 的结束生命完全是出于监护人对患者意愿的 诠释。包括对患有严重残疾的儿童的处置和 撤消对植物人水和营养物的维持。
❖ 1976年，在日本东京召开了第一次安乐死 国际讨论会；1980年，“国际死亡权利联合会 成立”。
❖ 在美国，医生亲自给病人注射致死剂量药物 要定为一级谋杀罪；如让病人能达到自杀的目 的而提供方便，就要被定为二级谋杀罪。
❖ 澳大利亚北部地区曾于1995年5月通过一项 《垂危病人权利法》，但该法生效不到一年就 被废除了。
你认为主动和被动安乐死有无本质区别？
❖ 道德哲学家认为无本质区别，它们的动 机都是相同的，两者都属于有意，但又是 无可奈何的行为。杀死和让其死在道德上 是相同的。
❖ 公共政策学家认为存在根本区别。（1） 被动安乐死，患者死于疾病；主动安乐死， 患者死于另一人的行为。（2）主动安乐 死排除了纠正误诊的可能，而撤消或终止 治疗，还有发现、纠正误诊的可能。
（二）传统与现代的冲突
三、安乐死与健康意识
❖ 弗洛依德说：“每当我们试图去设想死亡时， 我们都能看到，我们实际上是作为一个旁观死亡 的人而活着。”
❖ 健康不仅是肉体上无病无痛，还应该体现在精 神上的舒畅、健全与社会适应的良好。
❖ 主动安乐死，是对在肉体和精神上遭受极端 痛苦的人实施的一种直接的、旨在仁慈地提 前结束生命的行为。
❖ 主动自愿安乐死，是指被无痛苦结束生命的 人，在头脑清醒时有这样的要求。人们谈论 的安乐死主要就指主动自愿安乐死。
❖ 主动的非自愿安乐死，是指重病者或濒临死 亡者没能力作出安乐死选择，他们被无痛苦 的结束生命完全是出于监护人对患者意愿的 诠释。包括对患有严重残疾的儿童的处置和 撤消对植物人水和营养物的维持。
❖ 1976年，在日本东京召开了第一次安乐死 国际讨论会；1980年，“国际死亡权利联合会 成立”。
❖ 在美国，医生亲自给病人注射致死剂量药物 要定为一级谋杀罪；如让病人能达到自杀的目 的而提供方便，就要被定为二级谋杀罪。
❖ 澳大利亚北部地区曾于1995年5月通过一项 《垂危病人权利法》，但该法生效不到一年就 被废除了。
你认为主动和被动安乐死有无本质区别？
❖ 道德哲学家认为无本质区别，它们的动 机都是相同的，两者都属于有意，但又是 无可奈何的行为。杀死和让其死在道德上 是相同的。
❖ 公共政策学家认为存在根本区别。（1） 被动安乐死，患者死于疾病；主动安乐死， 患者死于另一人的行为。（2）主动安乐 死排除了纠正误诊的可能，而撤消或终止 治疗，还有发现、纠正误诊的可能。
（二）传统与现代的冲突
安乐死persentation(英语)
The problem of euthanasia has not been discussed formally yet. • Many examples of active euthanasia have been reported. • China still does not have the conditions to legislate(立法)sia
Use drugs or other methods urge patients go die. that is end the patients‘ life ahead of time.
Euthanasia
It root in Greece ,which including two meanings
Let life be beautiful like summer flowers, and death like autumn leaves
Tagore
If I can't give permission for myself to end my life,then who is the owner of my body?Who is the owner of my life then?
• 68 percent of Americans tend to support euthanasia. But only the Oregon State（俄勒冈 州）、Washington State （华盛顿州）Montana State（蒙大拿州）allows euthanasia 。
in China
Hawking: if I think I'm a burden, I'll consider euthanasia
Use drugs or other methods urge patients go die. that is end the patients‘ life ahead of time.
Euthanasia
It root in Greece ,which including two meanings
Let life be beautiful like summer flowers, and death like autumn leaves
Tagore
If I can't give permission for myself to end my life,then who is the owner of my body?Who is the owner of my life then?
• 68 percent of Americans tend to support euthanasia. But only the Oregon State（俄勒冈 州）、Washington State （华盛顿州）Montana State（蒙大拿州）allows euthanasia 。
in China
Hawking: if I think I'm a burden, I'll consider euthanasia
Euthanasia--安乐死-PPT(共13张)
Euthanasia
——Your Body, Your Death, Your Choice?
第1页，共13页。
What is euthanasia?
• Euthanasia means to stop treatment or medicine for the incurable patients, and let them pass away without suffering. The word Euthanasia comes from Greek, it means to die happily.
In a word .I want to call on the legitimization of the euthanasia.let the patients get rid of the struggle between life and death as soon as possible. that they can not only beautiful life, can more dignity to death.
• The family destruction caused by disease every year is countless.
第9页，共13页。
Our opinion
Whether in a foreign country or in China, both in reasonable analysis, or to a legal analysis, legalizing euthanasia is feasible . However, things could not be accomplished overnight, but we have to adopt a positive attitude "euthanasia" into the orbit of the legal system.
——Your Body, Your Death, Your Choice?
第1页，共13页。
What is euthanasia?
• Euthanasia means to stop treatment or medicine for the incurable patients, and let them pass away without suffering. The word Euthanasia comes from Greek, it means to die happily.
In a word .I want to call on the legitimization of the euthanasia.let the patients get rid of the struggle between life and death as soon as possible. that they can not only beautiful life, can more dignity to death.
• The family destruction caused by disease every year is countless.
第9页，共13页。
Our opinion
Whether in a foreign country or in China, both in reasonable analysis, or to a legal analysis, legalizing euthanasia is feasible . However, things could not be accomplished overnight, but we have to adopt a positive attitude "euthanasia" into the orbit of the legal system.
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die happily.
1
Phenomenon
Reasons for sFra bibliotekpport Another attitude Summary
2
Phenomenon
• Now there are a lot of people have an incurable disease. They want to be part of people with euthanasia over his own life. But it is not allowed ……
5
We can see the disease is the first location!
6
• personal
Who wants to give up his life, is mostly because of body of disability or illness irreparable. He (she) is from the physical and mental great altercation. In this torture, he (she) only chooses to rid himself of his endless pain.
• Guiyang 22-year-old HCC patient Li Lin also made "who can help me euthanasia" request
4
Part2 reason
And why are there so many people want to chose euthanasia ? • family
7
Look at these two people
8
. society
After the implementation of euthanasia, not only solved the personal pain, and solved the family and relatives with the burden of pain, but also reduced the burden of the society. An improper examples said, Nine, ten children born to a parent than two parents of children with toil to heavy burden. A straight road to trigger the weight of people than a person on the weight of ten catties trigger more slowly.
Euthanasia ?
Euthanasia means to stop treatment or medicine for the incurable patients, and let them pass away without suffering. The word Euthanasia comes from Greek, it means to
3
• On May 12, 2001, the central station "news broadcast survey“ reported "death can request?“
• Xian nine uremia(尿毒症) patients requests for euthanasia forward:” We are suffering from kidney（肾） failure, years we depend on blood dialysis 2 times per week to maintain life ,Please end of our life, we would like to contribute our body to the medical career to appreciate you.
Family can’t afford the expensive medical expenses. We know the patient who chose euthanasia may be not cured. We spend so much money on this, especially in country, the farmer is unable to bear. Now let’s see this chart:
But suicide is painful, such as process, commit suicide by hanging, wrist, eating poison, shock, hunger, etc, also is very fear. But he (she) have to choose the only way to release of suffering. But after the implementation of euthanasia, only need to inject an AnDingJi, it will let people in slumber unknowingly leave, so it will relieve the pain and fear, which also reflects the "win" in the ancient words. This is truly humanitarian purposes.
9
• research
In the past people idea has formed after death left them or cremation concept. This is not scientific and no significance and value, it is a kind of waste. In 1997, after the demise of comrade Deng Xiaoping put his cornea donation to others, the body to the nation for medical research. After the implementation of euthanasia for national research will not only help to disease, and death are much more significance and value.
1
Phenomenon
Reasons for sFra bibliotekpport Another attitude Summary
2
Phenomenon
• Now there are a lot of people have an incurable disease. They want to be part of people with euthanasia over his own life. But it is not allowed ……
5
We can see the disease is the first location!
6
• personal
Who wants to give up his life, is mostly because of body of disability or illness irreparable. He (she) is from the physical and mental great altercation. In this torture, he (she) only chooses to rid himself of his endless pain.
• Guiyang 22-year-old HCC patient Li Lin also made "who can help me euthanasia" request
4
Part2 reason
And why are there so many people want to chose euthanasia ? • family
7
Look at these two people
8
. society
After the implementation of euthanasia, not only solved the personal pain, and solved the family and relatives with the burden of pain, but also reduced the burden of the society. An improper examples said, Nine, ten children born to a parent than two parents of children with toil to heavy burden. A straight road to trigger the weight of people than a person on the weight of ten catties trigger more slowly.
Euthanasia ?
Euthanasia means to stop treatment or medicine for the incurable patients, and let them pass away without suffering. The word Euthanasia comes from Greek, it means to
3
• On May 12, 2001, the central station "news broadcast survey“ reported "death can request?“
• Xian nine uremia(尿毒症) patients requests for euthanasia forward:” We are suffering from kidney（肾） failure, years we depend on blood dialysis 2 times per week to maintain life ,Please end of our life, we would like to contribute our body to the medical career to appreciate you.
Family can’t afford the expensive medical expenses. We know the patient who chose euthanasia may be not cured. We spend so much money on this, especially in country, the farmer is unable to bear. Now let’s see this chart:
But suicide is painful, such as process, commit suicide by hanging, wrist, eating poison, shock, hunger, etc, also is very fear. But he (she) have to choose the only way to release of suffering. But after the implementation of euthanasia, only need to inject an AnDingJi, it will let people in slumber unknowingly leave, so it will relieve the pain and fear, which also reflects the "win" in the ancient words. This is truly humanitarian purposes.
9
• research
In the past people idea has formed after death left them or cremation concept. This is not scientific and no significance and value, it is a kind of waste. In 1997, after the demise of comrade Deng Xiaoping put his cornea donation to others, the body to the nation for medical research. After the implementation of euthanasia for national research will not only help to disease, and death are much more significance and value.