《试题调研》2016版第一辑英语在线试阅读(电子版)
2016年高考调研模拟卷英语参考答案(一)(二)(精)
2016年高考调研模拟卷·英语(一参考答案第一部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分30分第一节:单项填空(共20小题;每小题0.5分,满分10分1.D 【解析】这里第一个为意外弄坏了对方的眼镜在道歉,第二个人在安慰,应该选D,意思是“意外总是难免的”。
2.A 【解析】句中的bicycle是表示类别,故可用定冠词。
因为它是流行的交通工具的一种,因此须用不定冠词。
3.B 【解析】这里的it是做形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面that引导的宾语从句。
4.A 【解析】本题考查词义辨析,因为Catherine比较敏感,所以大家讲话小心翼翼。
5.A 【解析】本题考查定语从句,cases在后面的定语从句里充当地点状语,因此关系副词用where。
6.C 【解析】本题考查动词词义的辨析,故事虽然荒诞,但是“传递”的信息令人深思。
7.D 【解析】本题考查名词的词义辨析,家长不应该在孩子“在场”的情况下争吵。
8.A 【解析】本题考查名词性从句。
根据从句句意,此处的意思应该是“和他工作的人”,因此须用who/whom。
9.B 【解析】本题是词义辨析题,在修复古建筑的时候,我们应当确保它的特色得到很好“保存”。
10. B 【解析】本题考查惯用法,作为对媒体的质疑的“回应”,三星公司邀请消费者参观工厂。
11. D 【解析】本题考查时态,尽管第一个句子用了虚拟语气,但此句表示的是当时的事实。
12. D 【解析】本题考查动词词组。
根据句意,要学好一门语言,你必须扩大词汇量,因此须选含有此意的build up。
13. C 【解析】本题考查副词的用法,副词放在句首可以修饰整个句子。
经常锻炼可以健身,“与之相似的是”学习努力可以健智。
14. A 【解析】本题考查非谓语动词,这里的lying作后置定语修饰wastepaper。
注意现在分词的完成式不能做限制性定语。
15. D 【解析】根据句子的意思,“万一”停电,可以用蜡烛。
in case符合上下文的要求。
英语试卷
2016年九年级调研考试英语试卷温馨提示：（1）本试卷分试题卷和答题卡两部分，考试时间为90分钟，满分120分。
（2）请将答案填写在答题卡上。
Ⅰ．知识运用(两部分，共25小题，计25分)A)单项填空从Ａ，Ｂ，Ｃ三个选项中选出最佳答案填空。
共15小题，计15分（）1．Don’t______late for class.A．being B．be C．to be（）2．—I trekked through the Amazon Jungle with my father last summer.—______interesting experience you had!A．How B．What an C．What（）3．I hate people talk much but do little.A．whose B．whom C．who（）4．Lily sings as____as her sister.A．good B．well C．better（）5．—_____you ever_____to Beijing?—Yes,three times.A．had been B．have,been C．have,gone（）6．look!Some blue birds____in the sky.A．fly B．flying C．are flying（）7．I will tell him the good news as soon as he_____back.A．comes B．came C．will come（）8．I think basketball is______football in China.A．more popular B．as popular as C．so popular as（）9．China is a big country____a long history.A．in B．with C．on（）10．There are ten____in the hospital.A．men doctors B．men doctor C．man doctors（）11．Kay likes to play____violin.She has____violin lesson every Saturday.A．the;a B．a;the C．a;a（）12．Don’t get off the bus___it stops.A．while B．so C．until（）13．If you want to go to the party this evening,______.A．so do I B．so will I C．so I am（）14．—Isn’t that your sister Nancy?—No,it_____be her.She has gone to England.A．mustn’t B．may not C．can’t（）15．Mr.Green asked me who_____.A．the boy in black was B．was the boy in blackC．the boy in black isB)词语填空：阅读下面短文，从每题所给的ABCD四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试11月调研卷 英语
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试11月调研卷英语本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。
满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
第I卷（共100分）第二部分阅读理解（共20小题，每题2分，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AMy newlywed husband said the same thing every morning. "You're beautiful today."One glance in the mirror revealed that it was far from the truth.A skinny girl with mashed hair on one side of her head and no makeup smiled back at me. I could feel my sticky morning breath."Liar," I shot back with a grin.It was my usual response. My mother's first husband was not a kind man and the harsh words we heard growing up took root. I had trouble seeing myself as someone of value. I had been married two years when I surprised myself. My husband wrapped his arms around me and told me I was beautiful."Thank you," I said.The same thin girl with the mousy brown hair still stared back at me in the mirror, but somehow the words had finally blossomed in my heart.A lot of years have passed. My husband has grey in his hair. I'm no longer skinny. Last week I woke up and my husband's face was inches from mine."What are you doing?" I asked.I covered my mouth, trying to hide my morning breath. He reached down and kissed my face."What I do every morning," he said.He leaves in the early hours of the morning while I sleep. When he left, I rolled over and hugged my pillow. I envisioned the picture of me lightly snoring with my mouth open and giggled.What a man! My husband understands my past. He's been beside me as I've grown from an unsure young girl to a confident woman, mother, speaker and author.But I'm not sure that he understands the part he played in that transition. The words I heard growing up pierced my soul, yet his words pierced even deeper.This Anniversary Day I plan to wake early. I want to tell Richard how much I love him. He may look in the mirror and see an extra pound or two, or wish for the day when his hair was dark and curly, but all I'll see is the man who saw something in me when I couldn't see it myself, and who leaves butterfly kisses, even after twenty three years of marriage.21. Why did the author give “liar” as a usual response?A. She developed such a habit.B. She was not beautiful actually.C. Her husband always cheated her.D. Her childhood made her unconfident.22. How did the author feel when her husband told her she was beautiful ?A. Pleased.B. Cheated .C. Proud .D.Strange .23. What does the underlined word “pierce” mean?A. To make a hole.B. To influence deeply.C. To break through.D. To see suddenly.24.Which can be the best title for the passage?A. Pretty WomanB. Butterfly KissesC. A Perfect MarriageD. An Understanding LiarBWestern New Bridge Library AnnouncementShortened Library hours for Spring BreakLibrary Hours have been shortened to 7 hours a day ( 9:00am – 4:00pm ) for Spring Break from March 24 to March 30 .Coming events●On Monday , March 24 , at 10:30 am Scott Sutton , a children’s writer , will tell stories to kids over seven . Sutton’s attractive style will surely attract everyone present .●At 1:00 pm on March 26 , the Georgetown musicians will give a concert , which will be great fun for the entirely family . Come for the music and stay to check out some relevant（相关的）books for the rest of the week !●On Thursday , March 27 , at 2:00 pm , the yearly children’s gathering will take place in Room 201 , the second floor . Pick up an invitation in the children’s room and return your RSVP（回复）to keep your table by 3:00 pm on Tuesday , March 25 . Only children are allowed in the gathering .●At 10:30 am on Friday , March 28 , Enzo Monfre of the Kids’science show , ENZOology , will bring Fossils live ! Surely , Enzo will take the audience back in time , deep under the surface of the earth , to uncover the my steries of killer dinosaurs , and more . Enzo recently appeared on theEllen Degeneres Show ---- come and see him at the library .Please note : In case of emergency（紧急情况）, please call Help Desk at 926 --- 3736 . The call-down service is staffed 24 hours a day , 7 days a week for emergencies . The Help Desk provides service to you all the year round ! For questions about all these , please contact hld @ .Come for the great fun ; Stay for the relevant books .25. To attend the yearly Children’s Gathering , one has to __________ .A. buy a ticketB. call the Help DeskC. return your RSVPD. contact hld @ 26. According to the announcement , ENZOology is __________ .A. a famous film characterB. a science story for childrenC. a kids’ science showD. a concert27. The Help Desk in this library provides service __________ .A. will only be provided during the day timeB. will last to the end of the Spring BreakC. will begin after 22:00 pm everydayD. will be provided at any time all the year round28. We can learn from the passage that children can __________ .A. attend all the activities with their parents .B. take part in the activities from 8:00 am To 4:00 pm .C. choose only one of the activities according to their interestD. borrow some relevant books for the activitiesCWe know that many animals do not stay in one place . Birds , fish and other animals move from one place to another at a certain time . They mover for different reasons : most of them move to find food more easily , but others move to get away from places that are too crowded .When cold weather comes , many birds move to warmer places to find food . Some fishes give birth in warm water and move to cold water to feed . The most famous migration（迁移）is probably the migration of fish , which is called “salmon ”. This fish is born in fresh water but it travels many miles to salt water . There it spends its life . When it is old , it returns to its birthplace in fresh water . Then it gives birth and dies . In northern Europe , there is a kind of mouse . They leave their mountain homes when they become too crowded . They move down to the low land . Sometimes they move all the way to the seaside , and many of them are killed when they fall into the sea .Recently , scientists have studied the migration of a kind of lobster（龙虾）. Every year , when the season of the bad weather arrives , the lobsters get into a long line and start to walk across the floor of the ocean . Nobody knows why they do this , and nobody knows where they go .So , sometimes we know why humans and animals move from one place to another , but at other times we don’t . Maybe living things just like to travel .29. Most animals move from one place to another at a certain time to __________ .A. give birthB. enjoy warmer weatherC. find food more easilyD. find beautiful places30. The fish called “ salmon ” spends a long time in __________ .A. salt waterB. riversC. fresh waterD. its birthplace31. The lobsters move __________ .A. to the fresh waterB. at a certain timeC. to the underseaD. to find more food32. What is the main idea of the passage ?A. Animals move to find food more easily .B. Cold weather makes animals move to warmer places .C. Living things like to travelD. Living things move from one place to another for different reasons .DIt happened to me recently . I was telling someone how much I had enjoyed reading Barack Obama’s Dreams From My Father and how it had changed my views of our President . A friend I was talking to agreed with me that it was , in his words , “ a brilliantly written book ” . However , he then went on to talk about Mr. Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all . I sensed that I was talking to a book liar .And it seems that my friend is not the only one . Approximately two thirds of people have lied about reading a book which they haven’t . In the World Book Day’s “ Report on Guilty Secrets ” , Dreams From My Father is at number 9 . The report lists ten books , and various authors , which peopl e have lied about reading , and as I’m not one to lie too often ( I’d hate to be caught out ) , I’ll admit here and now that I haven’t read the entire top ten . But I am pleased to say that , unlike 42 percent of people , I have read the book at number one , George Orwell’s 1984 , I think it’s really brilliant .The World Book Day report also has some other interesting information in it . It says that many people lie about having read Jane Austen , Charles Dickens , Fyodor Dostoevsky ( I haven’t read him , but haven’t lied about it either ) and Herman Melville .Asked why they lied , the most common reason was to “ impress ” someone they were speaking to . This could be tricky if the conversation became more in-depth !But when asked which authors they actually enjoy , people named J.K.Rowling , John Grisham , Sophie Kinsella ( ah , the big sellers , in other words ) . Forty-two percent of people asked admitted they turned to the back of the book to read the end before finishing the story ( I’ll come clean : I do this and am astonished that 58 percent said they had never done so ) .33. How did the author find his friend a book liar ?A. By judging his manner of speaking .B. By looking into his background .C. By mentioning a famous name .D. By discussing the book itself .34. By lying about reading , a person hopes to __________ .A. control the conversationB. appear knowledgeableC. learn about the bookD. make more friends35. What is the author’s attitude to 58% of readers ?A. Favorable（赞同的）.B. Uncaring .C. Doubtful .D. Friendly .第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
四川省乐山市2016届高三第一次调查研究考试英语试题(含答案)
乐山市高中2016届第一次调查研究考试英语第Ⅰ卷（选择题共100分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后面有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
A. She has a dinner appointment.B. Her watch just broke.C. She’ll meet someone stop on her way?2. Where will the woman stop on her way?A. SingaporeB. AustraliaC. Austria3. What does the woman mean?A. The man forgot to do his hairB. The man forgot to put on a tieC. The man’s clothes don’t match4. At what time will the, two speakers get to the sports meeting?A. 7:45B. 8:00C. 8:155. Where will the woman go first?A. To the bankB. To the bathroomC. To the beach第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话或独白后面有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
6. What does the man feel after his job interview?A. AnxiousB. DesperateC. Hopeful7. How many people were able to go to the second interview?A. FourB. TwelveC. Sixteen听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
2016考研英语(一)真题完整版(跨考教育-文字版)
2016研究生入学统一考试试题（英语一）Section 1 Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, __1__those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can __2__ a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to __3__the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may take the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. __4__, a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. __5__ a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying __6__ a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, __7__1980s it more comm only lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and __8__ prayers of blessing. Par--ts of the cer emony involve ritual hair cutting,__9__cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride's and groom's wrists, and __10__a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the __11__. Newlyweds t raditionally move in with the wife's parents and may__12__ with them up to a year, __13__they can build a new h ouse nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to __14__, but not common. Divorced persons are __15__ with some disapproval. Each spouse retains ___16___ property he or she __17__ into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is __18__ equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice __19__up. The divorced male doesn't have a waiting period before he can remarry __20__the woman must wait ten months.1. A. by way of B. with regard to C. on behalf of D. as well as2. A. decide on B. provide for C. compete with D. adapt to3. A. close B. arrange C. renew D. postpone4. A. In theory B. Above all C. In time D. For example5. A. Unless B. Less C. After D. Although6. A. into B. within C. from D. through7. A. or B. since C. but D. so8. A. test B. copy C. recite D. create9. A. folding B. piling C. wrapping D. tying10. A. passing B. lighting C. hiding D. serving11. A. association B. meeting C. collection D. union12. A. deal B. part C. grow D. live13. A. whereas B. until C. for D. if14. A. avoid B. follow C. challenge D. obtain15. A. isolated B. persuaded C. viewed D. exposed16. A. wherever B. whatever C. whenever D. however17. A. changed B. brought C. shaped D. pushed18. A. invested B. divided C. donated D. withdrawn19. A. warms B. clears C. shows D. breaks20. A. while B. so that C. once D. in thatSection Ⅱ Reading Comprehension让有理想的人更加卓越！Part ADirections：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1France，which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways. The parliament also agreed to ban websites that “incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health. That’s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death –as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth.The bans, if fully enforced, would suggest to women (and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.In con trast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states:”We are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people”. The charter’s main tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen Fashion Week (CFW), which is run by the Danish Fashion Institute. But in general it relies on a name-and -shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21. According to the first paragraph，what would happen in France?【A】Physical beauty would be redefined.【B】New runways would be constructed.【C】Websites about dieting would thrive.【D】The fashion industry would decline.22. The phrase “impinging on”(Line 2，Para.2) is closest in meaning to1让有理想的人更加卓越！精勤求学自强不息【A】heightening the value of【B】indicating the state of【C】losing faith in【D】doing harm to23. Which of the following is true of the fashion industry？【A】The French measures have already failed.【B】New standards are being set in Denmark.【C】Models are no longer under peer pressure.【D】Its inherent problems are getting worse.24.A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for【A】pursuing perfect physical conditions【B】caring too much about model’s character.【C】showing little concern for health factors【D】setting a high age threshold for models.25.Which of the following may be the best title of the text?【A】A Challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body Ideals【B】A Dilemma for the Starving models in France【C】Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty【D】The Great Threats to the Fashion IndustryText 2For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate”the countryside”alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Serivce (NHS) as what makes them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill Launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save“the beauty of natural places for everyone forever”. It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience“a refreshing air .”Hill’s pressure later led to creation of national parks and green belts. They don’t make countryside any more，and every year concrete consumes more of it . It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The conservatives’planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation，even authori sing“off-plan”building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent. Only Ukip, sensing its chance,has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its Campaign to Protect Rural England struck terror into many local conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses，factories and offices is where people are，in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents Stirling Ackroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the London area alone，with no intrusion on green belt. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces.The idea that”housing crisis”equals“concrete d meadows” is pure lobby talk. T he issue is not the need for more houses but, as always，where to put them. Under lobby pressure，George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets . This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have2让有理想的人更加卓越！grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban Development should be planned, not let rip. After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe’s most crowed country. Half a century of town and country planning has enabled it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living. There is no doubt of the alternative --- the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal, Spain or Ireland. Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.26. Britain’s public sentiment about the countryside[A] has brought much benefit to the NHS.[B] didn’t start till the Shakespearean age.[C] is fully backed by the royal family.[D] is not well reflected in politics.27. According to Paragraph 2，the achievements of the National Trust are now being[A] gradually destroyed.[B] effectively reinforced.[C] properly protected.[D] largely overshadowed.28. which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3?[A] Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation.[B] the C onservatives may abandon ”off -plan“ building.[C] the Liberal Democrats are losing political influence.[D] labour is under attack for opposing development.29. the author holds that George Osborne’s preference[A] reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas.[B] shows his disregard for the character of rural areas.[C] stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis.[D] highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure.30. In the last paragraph，the author shows his appreciation of[A] the size of population in Britain.[B the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain.[C] the town-and-country planning in Britain.[D] the political life in today is Britain.Text 3“There is on and only one social responsibility of business,” wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel prize-winning economist, “That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits.” But even if you accept Friedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies as a waste of shareholders’ money, things may not be absolutely clear-cut. New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companies-at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR,3让有理想的人更加卓越！精勤求学自强不息according to an estimate by EPG, a consulting firm. This could add value to their businesses in three ways. First, consumers may take CSR spending a s a “signa l”that a company’s products are of high quality. Second, customers may be willing to buy a company’s products as an indirect way to donate to the good causes it helps. And thir d, through a more diffuse “halo effect,” whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three. Al recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under Am erica’s Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA). It argues that since prosecutors do not cons ume a company’s products as part of their investigations, they could be influenced only by the halo effect.The study found that, among prosecuted firms, those with the most comprehensive CSR programms tended to get more lenient penalties,. Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firm’s Political influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.In all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company’s record in CSR. “We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern , such as child labour, or increasing corporate giving byabout20% results in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign official s”, says one researcher.Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question of how much businesses ought to sp end on CSR. Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when they decide their do-gooding policies. But at least they have demonstr ated that when companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win them les s costly punishment.31.The author views Milton Friedman’s statement about CSR with【A】tolerance.【B】skepticism.【C】uncertainty.【D】approval.32.According to Paragraph 2,CSR helps a company by【A】winning trust from consumers.【B】guarding it against malpractices.【C】protecting it from being defamed.【D】raising the quality of its products.33. The expression “more lenient ”(line 2,para.4)is closest in meaning to【A】more effective【B】less controversial【C】less severe【D】more lasting34. When prosecutors evaluate a case, a company’s CSR regard【A】has an impact on their decision【B】comes across as reliable evidence4让有理想的人更加卓越！【C】increases the chance of being penalized【D】constitutes part of the investigation35.Which of the following is true of CSR, according to the last paragraph?【A】 Its negative effects on businesses are often overlooked.【B】 The necessary amount of companies’ spending on it is unknown.【C】Companies’ financial capacity for it has been overestimated.【D】 It has brought much benefit to the banking industry.Text 4There will eventually come a day when The New York Times ceases to publish stories on newsprint. Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate. “Sometime in the future”, the paper’s publisher said back in 2010.Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside, there’s plenty of incentive to ditch print. The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper — printing presses, delivery trucks —isn’t just expensive; it’s excessive at a time when online-only competitors don’t have the same set of financial constraints. Readers are migrating away from print away. And though print ad sales still dwarf their online and mobile counterparts, revenue from print is still declining.Overhead may be high and circulation lower, but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Joah Peretti.Peretti says the Times shouldn’t was te time getting out of the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way.”Fighting out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense of them,”he said, “but if you discontinue it, you’re going to have your most loyal customers re ally upset with you.”Sometimes that’s worth making a change anyway. Peretti gives the example seen as a blunder,”he said. The move turned out to be foresighted. And if Peretti would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product.”The mo st loyal customers would still get the product they favor, the idea goes, and they’d feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in. “So if you’re overpaying for print, you could feel like you were helping,”Peretti said. “Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue.”In other words, if you’re going to make a print product ,make it for the people who are already obsessed with it. Which way be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week costs $500 a year — more than twice as much as a digital-only subscription.“It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,”Peretti remarked.“But we’re going to have questions like that where we have things we’re doing that don’t make sense when the market changes and the world changes. In those situations, it’s better to be more aggressive than less aggressive. ”36.The New York Times is considering ending its print edition partly due to[A]the pressure from its investors.[B]the complaints from its readers.[C]the high cost of operation.[D]the increasing online ad sales.5让有理想的人更加卓越！精勤求学自强不息37. Peretti suggests that, in face of the present situation, the Times should[A]make strategic adjustments[B]end the print edition for good.[C]seek new sources of readership.[D]aim for efficient management.38. It can be inferred form Paragraphs 5 and 6 that a “legacy product”[A]will have the cost of printing reduced.[B]is meant for the most loyal customers.[C]helps restore the glory of former times.[D]expands the popularity of the paper.39. Peretti believes that, in a changing world,[A]traditional luxuries can stay unaffected.[B]aggressiveness better meets challenges.[C]cautiousness facilitates problem-solving.[D]legacy businesses are becoming outdated.40. Which of the following would be the best title of the text?[A]Make Your Print Newspaper a Luxury Good.[B]Keep Your Newspapers Forever in Fashion.[C]Cherish the Newspaper Still in Your Hand.[D]Shift to Online Newspapers All at Once.Part BDirections:In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)[A]Create a new image of yourself[B]Decide if the time is right[C]Have confidence in yourself[D]Understand the context[E]Work with professionals[F]Know your goals[G]Make it efficientNo matter how formal or informa the work environment，the way you present yourself has an impact. This is especially true in first impressions. According to research fro m Princeton University，people assess your competence，trustworthiness，and likeability in just a tenth of a second，solely based on the way you look.The difference between today’s workplace and the“dress for succes s” era is that the range of options is so much br oader. Norms have evolved and fragmented. In some settings, red sneakers or dress T-shirts can convey status; in others not so much. Plus, whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like LinkedIn. Chances are, your headshots are seen much more often now than a decade or two ago. Millennials, it seems, face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding. It can be confusing.So how do we navigate this? How do we know when to invest in an upgrade? And what’s th e best way to pull off one that enhance our goals? Here are some tips;6让有理想的人更加卓越！41.As an executive coach, I’ve seen image upgrades be particularly helpful during transitions---when looking for a new job, stepping into a new or more public role, or changing work environments. If you’re in a period of change or just feeling stuck and in a rut, now may be a good time. If you’re not sure, ask for honest feedback from trusted friends, colleagues and professionals. Look for cues about how others perceive you.Maybe there’s no need for an upgrade and that’s OK.42.Get clear on what impact you’re hoping to have. Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it? For one person, the goal may be to be taken more seriously and enhance their professional image. F or another, it may be to be perceived as more approachable, or more modern and stylish. For someo ne moving from finance to advertising, maybe they want to look more“SoHo”.(It’s OK to use chara cterizations like that.)43.Look at your work environment like an anthropologist. What are the norms of your environment? What conveys status? Who are your most important audiences? How do the people you respect and look up to present themselves? The better you understand the cultural context, the more control you can have over your impact.44.Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and context. Hire a personal stylist, or use the free styling service of a store like J.Crew. Try a hair stylist instead of a barber. Work with a professional photographer instead of your spouse or friend. It’s not as expensive as you might think.45.The point of a style upgrade isn’t to become more vain or to spend more time passing over what to wear. Instead, use it as an opportunity to reduce decision fatigue. Pick a standard work uniform or a few go-to options. Buy all your clothes once with a stylist instead of shopping alone, one article of clothing at a time.Part C TranslationDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)Mental health is our birthright. (46) we don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy, it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend, a broken bone. Mental health can’t be learned, only reawakened. It is like immune system of the body, which under stress or through lack of nutrition or exercise can be weakened, but which never leaves us. When we don’t understand the value of mental health and we don’t know how to gain access to it, mental health will remain hidden from us. (47) Our mental health doesn’t go anywhere; like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.Mental health is the seed that contains self-esteem –confidence in ourselves and an ability to trust in our common sense. It allows us to have perspective on our lives-the ability to not take ourselves too seriously, to laugh at ourselves, to see the bigger picture, and to see that things will work out. It’s a form of innate or unlearned optimism. (48) Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles, with kindness if they are in pain, and with unconditional love no matter who they are. Mental health is the source of creativity for solving problems, resolving conflict, making our surroundings more beautiful, managing our home life, or coming up with a creative business idea or invention to make our lives easier. It gives us patience for ourselves. And7让有理想的人更加卓越！精勤求学自强不息toward others as well as patience while driving, catching a fish, working on our car, or raising a child. It allows us to see the beauty that surrounds us each moment in nature, in culture, in the flow of our daily lives.(49)Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives, it is perfecting ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions. It has been available even in the most mundane of life situations to show you right from wrong, good from bad, friend from foe. Mental health has commonly been called conscience, instinct, wisdom, common sense, or the inner voice, we think of it simply as a health and helpful flow of intelligent thought. (50) As you will come to see, knowing that mental health is always available and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily.Section III WritingPart ADirections:Suppose you are a librarian in your university. Write a notice of about 100 words, providing the newly-enrolled international students with relevant information about the library.You should write neatly on the ANWSER SHEET.Do not sign you own name at the end of the letter, use “Li Ming ” instead.Do not write the address .(10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160—200 words based on the following picture.in your essay, you should1. describe the pictures briefly,2. interpret its intended meaning, and3. give your comments.You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET . (20 points)8。
2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题及答案解析Word版
2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题Section 1 Use of EnglishDirectious:Read the following Text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points) In Cambodia, the choice of a souse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, 1 those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker.A young man 2 a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. 4 , a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen.5 a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying6 a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, 7 by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and 8 prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, 9 cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride’s and groom’s wrists, and 10 a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the 11 . Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife’s parents and may 12 with them up to a year, 13 they can bulid a new house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to 14 , but not common. Divorces persons are 15 with some disapproval. Easch spouse retains 16 property he or she Divorced persons may.1. [A]by way of [B]with regard to [C]on behalf of [D]as wellas2. [A]decide on [B]provide for [C]compete with [D]adapt to3. [A]close [B] arrange [C]renew [D]postpone4. [A]In theory [B] Above all [C]In time [D]For example5. [A]Unless [B] Lest [C]After [D]Although6. [A]into [B] within [C]from [D]through7. [A]or [B]since [C]but [D]so8. [A] test [B]copy [C]recite [D]create9. [A]folding [B]piling [C]wrapping [D]tying10. [A]passing [B]lighting [C]hiding [D]serving11. [A]association [B]meeting [C]collection [D]union12. [A]deal [B]part [C]grow [D]live13. [A]whereas [B]until [C]for [D]if14. [A]avoid [B]follow [C]challenge [D]obtain15. [A]isolated [B]persuaded [C]viewed [D]exposed16. [A]wherever [B]whatever [C]whenever [D]however17. [A]changed [B]brought [C]shaped [D]pushed18. [A]invested [B]divided [C]donated [D]withdrawn19. [A]warms [B]clears [C]shows [D]breaks20. [A]while [B]so that [C]once [D]in thatText1France，which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion , has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways . The parliament also agreed to ban websites that “incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health. That’s a start And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protectingmodels from starving themselves to death –as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women , especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth.The bans ,if fully enforced, would suggest to women (and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a govemment-defined index of body mass could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states:”We aware of and t ake responsibility for the impact the ideals, especially on young people”. The charter’s main tool of enforcement is (CFW), which is run by the Danish21. According to the first paragraph，what would happen in France?【A】Physical beauty would be redefined.【B】New runways would be constructed.【C】Wcbsites about dieting would thrive.【D】The fanshing industry would decline.22. The phrase “impinging on”(Line 2，Para.2) is closest in meaning to【A】heightening the value of.【B】indicating the state of.【C】losing faith in.【D】doing harm to.23. Which of the following is true od the fashion industry?【A】The French measures have already failed.【B】New standrds are being set in Denmark.【C】Models are no longer under peer pressure.【D】Its inberent problerma are getting wotse.Text 2For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country, In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate”the countryside”alongside the royal family,Shakespeare and t he National Health Serivce (NHS) at what makes them proudest of their country，this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill Launched the national trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone f orever” It was specifically to provide city dwellers with space for leisure where they could experience“a refreshing air .”Hill is pressure later led to creation of national parks and green belts. They don’t make countryside any more，and every year concrete consumes more of it . it needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The conservatives planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation，even authorsing “o ff-plan”building where local people might object. The concept ofsustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The liberal democrats are silent. Only ukip, sensing its chance,has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land.its Campaign to protect ruralEngland struck terror into many local conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses，factories and offices is where people are，in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents stirling ackroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the London area alone，with no intrusion on green belt.what is true of London is even truer of the provinces.The idea that”housing crisis ”equals “concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but,as always，where to put them. Under lobby pressure，George Osboyne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town,shopping sites against high streets . this is not a free market but a biased one. Rural town and villages have grown and will26 Britain is public sentiment about the countrysideA has brought much benefit to the NHSB didn’t start till the Shakespearean ageC is fully backed by the royal familyD is not well reflected in politics27 According to Paragraph 2，the achievements of the National Trust are now beingA gradually destroyedB effectively reinforcedC properly protectedD largely overshadowed28 which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3?A Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservationB the conservatives may abandon ”off -plan“buildingC the liberal democrats are losing political influenceD labour is under attack for opposing development29 the author holds that George Osborne is preferenceA reveals a strong prejudice against urban areasB shows his disregard for character of rural areasC stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisisD highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure30 in the last paragraph，the author shows his appreciation ofA the size of population in BritainB the enviable urban lifestyle in BritainC the town-and-country planning in BritainD the political life in today is BritainText 4There will eventurally come a day when The New York Times ceases to publish stories on newsprint .Exactlly when that day will be is a matter of debate.”Sometime in the future ”,the paper’s publisher said back in 2010.Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside, there’s plenty of incentive toditch print. The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper—printing presses ,delivery trucks-isn’t just expensive ;it’s excessive at a time when online-only competitors don’t have the same set of financial constraints.Readers are migrating away from print away .And though print ad sales still dwarf thire online and mobile counterparts,revenue from print is still declining.Over way be high and circulation lower ,but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake ,say BuzzFeed CEO Joah Peretti.Pereti says the Time should’t waste time getting out of the printbusiness,But only if they go about it the right way .”Fighting out of a way to accelerate that transition would make sense of them,”he said,“but if you discontinue it“you’re going to have your most loyal customers really upset with you.”Sometimes,that’s worth making a change anyway.Peretti give s the example seen as a blunder,”he said.“The move turned out to be foresighted.Ane if peretti would rale prices and make it into more of a legacy product.”The most loyal customers would still get the product they favor,the idea goes,and they’d feel lik e they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in ,”So if you’re overpaying for print,you could feel like you were helping,”Perettisaid “Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue.”In o ther words,if you’re going to make a print product ,make it for the people who are already obsessed with it .which way be what the time is doing already .Getting the print edition seven days a week costs each –a year-more than twice as much as a digital-only subscription.36.The New York Times is considering ending its print edition partly due to[A]the pressure from its investors.[B]the complaints from its readers.[C]the high cost of operation.[D]the increating online ad sales.37.Peretti suggests that,in face of the present situation,the Times should[A]make strategic adjustments[B]end the print sdition for good.[C]seek new sources of readership.[D]aim for efficient management.38.It can be inferred form Paragraphs 5and6 that a “legacy product”[A]will have the cost of printing reduced.[B]is meant for the most loyal customers.[C]helps restore the glory of former times.[D]expands the popularity of the paper.39.Peretti believes that,in a changing world,[A]traditional luxuries can stay unaffected.[B]aggressiveness better meets challenges.[C]cautiousness facilitates problem-solving.[D]legacy businesses are becoming outdated.40.which of the following would be the best title of the Text?[A]Make Your Print Newspaper a Luxury Good.[B]Keep Your Newspapers Forever in Fashion.[C]Cherish the Newspaper Still in Your Hand.[D]Shift Online Newspapers All at Once.Part BDirections:Read the following Text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs(41-45).There are two extra subheadings.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 Points)No matter how formal or informa the work environment，the way you present yourself has an impact. This is especially true in first impressions. According to research from Princeton University，people assess your competence，trustworthiness，and likeability in just a tenth of a second，solely based on the way you look.The difference between today’s workplace and the“dress for succeas” era is that the range of options is so much broader.Norms haveevolved and fragmentedIn some settings, red sneakers or dress T-shirts can convey status; in others not so much. Plus, whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like LinkedIn. Chances are, your headshots are seen much more often now than a decade or two ago. Millennials,it seems, face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding. It can be confusing.So how do we navigate this? How do we know when to invest in an upgrade? And what’s the best way to pull off one that enhance our goals? Here are some tips;41about how others perceive you.Maybe there’s no need for an upgradea nd that’s OK.42.Get clear on what impact you’re hoping to have. Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it? For one person, the goal may be to be taken more seriously and enhance their professional image. For another, it may be to be perceived as more approachable, or more modern and stylish. For someone moving from finance to advertising, maybe they want to look more “SoHo.”(It’s OK to use characterizations like that.)43. Look at your work environment like an anthropologist. What are the norms of your environment? What converys status? Who are your most important audiences? How do the people you respect and look up to present themselves? The better you understand the cultural con Text, the more control you can have over your impact.44. Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and con Text. Hire a personal stylist, or use the free styling service of a store like J.Crew. Try a hair stylist instead of a barber. Work with a professional photographer instead of your spouse or friend. It’s not as expensive as you might think.Part CDirections:Read the following Text carefully and then translate the undetlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Mental heal th is our birthright.(46) We don’t have to learn how to be mentally heally; it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone. Mental health can’t be learned, only reawakened. It is like the immune system or the body, which under stress or through lack of nutrition or exercise can be weakened, but which never leaves us. When we don’t understand the value of mental health and we don’t know how to gain access to it, mental health will remain hidden from us.(47) O ur mental health doesn’t really go anywhere ;like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.Mental health is the seed that contains self-esteem-confidence in ourselves and an ability to trust in out common sense. It allows us to have perspective on our lives – the ability to not take ourselves too seriously, to laugh at ourselves, to see the bigger picture, and to see that things will woke out. It’s a form of innate or unlearne d optimism.(48) Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles. With kindness if they ate in pain .and with unconditional love no matter who they are. Mental health is the source of creativity for solving problems, resolving conflict, making our surroundings more beautiful. Managing our home life , or coming up with a creative business idea or invention to make our lives easier. It gives us patience for About how others perceive you.Maybe there’s no need for an upgrade a nd that’s OK.Section III WritingPart A51 .Directions:Suppose you are a librarian in your university .Write a notice of about 100 words，providing the newly-enrolled international students with relevant information about the library.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.DO not sigh your own name at the end of the notice. Use “Li Ming” instead.DO not write the address. (10 points)Part B52 .Directions:Write an essay of 160—200 words based on the following picture in your essay, you should1. describe the pictures briefly,2. interpret its intended meaning, and3. give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题答案解析I cloze1. As well as2. Decide on3. Arrange4. Above all5. After6. Into7. But 8. Recite9. Tying10. Lighting11. Union12. Live13. Until14. Obtain15. Persuaded16. Whatever17. Brought18. Divided19. Shows20. WhileII Reading comprehensionPart AText121. Physical beauty would be redefined.22. Doing harm to.23. New standards are being set in Denmark.24. Showing little concern for health factors.25. A Challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body Ideals.Text 226.is not well reflected in politics27. gradually destroyed28. The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence29. highlight his firm stand against lobby pressure30. the town-and-country planning in BritainText 331. uncertainty32. winning33. less severe34. has an impact on their decision35. the necessaryText 436. the high cost of operation37. make strategic adjustments38. is meant for the most loyal customers39. Aggressiveness better meets challenges40. Cherish the Newspaper Still in Your HandPart B41. Decide if the time is right42. Know your goals43. Understand the context44. Work with professionals45. Make it efficientPart C46. 我们不必学习如何保持健康的心理;它与生俱来，正如我们的身体知道如何让伤口痊愈，如何让骨折好转。
2016 年高考调研模拟卷英语(一)
2016年高考调研模拟卷英语（一）本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共120分，考试时间120分钟。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题部分，共80分）第一部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节：单项填空(共20小题；每小题0.5分，满分10分)从A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. –Jenny, I’m so sorry for breaking your glasses by accident.–Never mind. ______.A. That will doB. You said itC. You betD. These things happen2. In many cities ______ bicycle is becoming ______ popular means of transportation again.A. the; aB. a; theC. the; theD. a; /3. Why don’t you bring ______ to your mother’s attention that you’re too tired to study on?A. thatB. itC. thisD. one4. Our friend Catherine is so ______ that we have to talk with her very cautiously so as not to upset her.A. sensitiveB. modestC. curiousD. positive5. In his lecture cases were introduced ______ consumer complaints had resulted in changes in service.A. whereB. whenC. thatD. why6. While the story seems ridiculous, the message it ______ is really worth deep thinking.A. adaptsB. concludesC. conveysD. demands7. No matter what the argument is about, parents should not quarrel in their children’s ______.A. positionB. influenceC. situationD. presence8. How much one enjoys his job depends partly on ______ he works with, whether his boss or co-workers.A. whoB. whatC. howD. which9. When repairing these ancient buildings, we have to make sure their character is well ______.A. qualifiedB. preservedC. establishedD. implied10. ______ the questioning from the press about the quality of its products, the Samsung company has declaredit will invite consumers to visit its factories.A. In place ofB. In response toC. In defence ofD. In addition to11. If the weather had been better, we could have held the game on schedule. But it ______ all day.A. had rainedB. would rainC. has rainedD. rained12. To learn a language well, you must ______ a useful vocabulary.A. keep upB. put upC. take upD. build up13. One who works out regularly is often fit. ______, one who studies hard is intelligent.A. DefinitelyB. RoughlyC. SimilarlyD. Actually14. The teacher told the boys to collect all the wastepaper ______ about after the picnic.A. lyingB. to lieC. having lainD. lain15. I’ve bought some candles. ______ there is a power failure, which happens often, you can use them.A. Now thatB. Even thoughC. As ifD. In case16. Mr. Lennon’s laptop, which was left on the desk, is missing. Who ______ have taken it?A. mustB. couldC. needD. should17. So far we have made some progress in controlling air pollution, but it is ______ enough. We still have a lotto do.A. more thanB. next toC. far fromD. up to18. Don’t spend too much, and don’t forget to write, but ______, have a good time!A. above allB. what’s moreC. after allD. in brief19. –Do you know what ______ her discontinuing her studies?–So far as I know, lack of money.A. accounted forB. occurred toC. appealed toD. resulted from20. –I find Miss Green’s classes so fascinating!–______. She’s also my favourite teacher.A. That dependsB. Y ou are not aloneC. So far so goodD. So much the better第二节：完形填空（共20题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—40各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
2016年考研英语一真题-高清版含答案
2016年考研英语一真题-高清版含答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)In Cambodia,the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male.It may involve not only his parents and his friends,1those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker.A young man can2a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to3the marriage negotiations,or the young man’s parents may make the choice of a spouse,giving the child little to say in the selection.4,a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen.5a spouse has been selected,each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying6a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair.Formerly it lasted three days,7by the1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half.Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and8prayers of blessing.Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting,9cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride’s and groom’s wrists,and10a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the11.Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife’s parents and may12with them up to a year,13they can build a new house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to14,but not common.Divorced persons are 15with some disapproval.Each spouse retains16property he or she 17into the marriage,and jointly-acquired property is18equally. Divorced persons may remarry,but a gender prejudice19up:The divorced male doesn’t have a waiting period before he can remarry20the woman must wait ten months.1.[A]as well as[B]by way of[C]on behalf of[D]with regard to2.[A]adapt to[B]provide for[C]compete with[D]decide on3.[A]renew[B]close[C]arrange[D]postpone4.[A]In theory[B]In time[C]Above all[D]For example5.[A]Although[B]Lest[C]After[D]Unless6.[A]within[B]into[C]from[D]through7.[A]since[B]or[C]so[D]but8.[A]test[B]recite[C]copy[D]create9.[A]folding[B]piling[C]wrapping[D]tying10.[A]passing[B]lighting[C]hiding[D]serving11.[A]association[B]meeting[C]collection[D]union12.[A]grow[B]part[C]live[D]deal13.[A]whereas[B]until[C]for[D]if14.[A]follow[B]obtain[C]challenge[D]avoid15.[A]isolated[B]persuaded[C]viewed[D]exposed16.[A]whatever[B]however[C]whenever[D]wherever17.[A]changed[B]brought[C]shaped[D]pushed18.[A]withdrawn[B]invested[C]donated[D]divided19.[A]clears[B]shows[C]warms[D]breaks20.[A]while[B]once[C]so that[D]in thatSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40points)Text1France,which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion,has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women.Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways.The parliament also agreed to ban websites that“incite excessive thinness”by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives.They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health.That’s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death–as some have done.It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women,especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth.The bans,if fully enforced,would suggest to women(and many men)that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty.And perhaps faintly,they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.The French measures,however,rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep–and bone-showing.Under the law,using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in a$85,000fine and six months in prison.The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types.In Denmark,the United States,and a few other countries,it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.In contrast to France’s actions,Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age,health,and other characteristics of models.The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states:“We are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals,especially on young people.”The charter’s main tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen Fashion Week (CFW),which is run by the Danish Fashion Institute.But in general it relies on a name-and-shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step.Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21.According to the first paragraph,what would happen in France?[A]Physical beauty would be redefined.[B]New runways would be constructed.[C]Websites about dieting would thrive.[D]The fashion industry would decline.22.The phrase“impinging on”(Line2,Para.2)is closest in meaning to[A]indicating the state of.[B]heightening the value of.[C]losing faith in.[D]doing harm to.23.Which of the following is true of the fashion industry?[A]The French measures have already failed.[B]Its inherent problems are getting worse.[C]Models are no longer under peer pressure.[D]New standards are being set in Denmark.24.A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for[A]pursuing perfect physical conditions.[B]caring too much about models’character.[C]showing little concern for health factors.[D]setting a high age threshold for models.25.Which of the following may be the best title of the text?[A]The Great Threats to the Fashion Industry[B]Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty[C]A Dilemma for the Starving Models in France[D]A Challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body IdealsText2For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country.In Britain this has had a curious result.While polls show Britons rate“the countryside”alongside the royal family,Shakespeare and the National Health Service(NHS)as what makes them proudest of their country,this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save“the beauty of natural places for everyone forever.”It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience“a refreshing air.”Hill’s pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts.They don’t make countryside any more,and every year concrete consumes more of it.It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment.The Conservatives’planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation,even authorising“off-plan”building where local people might object.The concept of sustainable development has been defined as bour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development.The Liberal Democrats are silent.Only Ukip,sensing its chance,has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land.Its Campaign to Protect Rural England struck terror into many local Conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses,factories and offices is where people are,in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place.The London agents Stirling Ackroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the London area alone,with no intrusion on green belt.What is true of London is even truer of the provinces.The idea that“housing crisis”equals“concreted meadows”is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but,as always,where to put them.Under lobby pressure,George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal.He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets.This is not a free market but a biased one.Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow.They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character.We do not ruin urban conservation areas.Why ruin rural ones?Development should be planned,not let rip.After the Netherlands,Britain is Europe’s most crowded country.Half a century of town and country planning has enabled it to retain an enviable rural coherence,while still permitting low-density urban living.There is no doubt of the alternative–the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal,Spain or Ireland.Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.26.Britain’s public sentiment about the countryside[A]is not well reflected in politics.[B]is fully backed by the royal family.[C]didn’t start till the Shakespearean age.[D]has brought much benefit to the NHS.27.According to Paragraph2,the achievements of the National Trust are now being[A]largely overshadowed.[B]properly protected.[C]effectively reinforced.[D]gradually destroyed.28.Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph3?[A]Labour is under attack for opposing development.[B]The Conservatives may abandon“off-plan”building.[C]Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation.[D]The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence.29.The author holds that George Osborne’s preference[A]shows his disregard for the character of rural areas.[B]stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis.[C]highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure.[D]reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas.30.In the last paragraph,the author shows his appreciation of[A]the size of population in Britain.[B]the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain.[C]the town-and-country planning in Britain.[D]the political life in today’s Britain.Text3“There is one and only one social responsibility of business,”wrote Milton Friedman,a Nobel prize-winning economist,“That is,to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits.”But even if you accept Friedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility(CSR)policies as a waste of shareholders’money,things may not be absolutely clear-cut.New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companies–at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than$15billion a year on CSR,according to an estimate by EPG,a consulting firm.This could add value to their businesses in three ways.First,consumers may take CSR spending as a“signal”that a company’s products are of high quality.Second, customers may be willing to buy a company’s products as an indirect way to donate to the good causes it helps.And third,through a more diffuse“halo effect,”whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three.A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under America’s Foreign Corrupt Practices Act(FCPA).It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company’s products as part of their investigations,they could be influenced only by the halo effect.The study found that,among prosecuted firms,those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties.Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firms’political influence,rather than their CSR stand,that accounted for the leniency:Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.In all,the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits,they do seem to be influenced by a company’s record in CSR.“We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern, such as child labour,or increasing corporate giving by about20%results in fines that generally are40%lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign officials,”says one researcher.Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question of how much businesses ought to spend on CSR.Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect,rather than the other possible benefits,when they decide their do-gooding policies.But at least they have demonstrated that when companies get into trouble with the law,evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.31.The author views Milton Friedman’s statement about CSR with[A]tolerance.[B]skepticism.[C]approval.[D]uncertainty.32.According to Paragraph2,CSR helps a company by[A]guarding it against malpractices.[B]protecting it from being defamed.[C]winning trust from consumers.[D]raising the quality of its products.33.The expression“more lenient”(Para.4)is closest in meaning to[A]less controversial.[B]more effective.[C]more lasting.[D]less severe.34.When prosecutors evaluate a case,a company’s CSR record[A]has an impact on their decision.[B]comes across as reliable evidence.[C]increases the chance of being penalized.[D]constitutes part of the investigation.35.Which of the following is true of CSR,according to the last paragraph?[A]Its negative effects on businesses are often overlooked.[B]The necessary amount of companies’spending on it is unknown.[C]Companies’financial capacity for it has been overestimated.[D]It has brought much benefit to the banking industry.Text4There will eventually come a day when The New York Times ceases to publish stories on newsprint.Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate.“Sometime in the future,”the paper’s publisher said back in2010.Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside,there’s plenty of incentive to ditch print.The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper –printing presses,delivery trucks–isn’t just expensive;it’s excessive at a time when online-only competitors don’t have the same set of financial constraints. Readers are migrating away from print anyway.And though print ad sales still dwarf their online and mobile counterparts,revenue from print is still declining.Overhead may be high and circulation lower,but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake,says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.Peretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time getting out of the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way.“Figuring out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense for them,”he said,“but if you discontinue it, you’re going to have your most loyal customers really upset with you.”Sometimes that’s worth making a change anyway.Peretti gives the example of Netflix discontinuing its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming.“It was seen as a blunder,”he said.The move turned out to be foresighted.And if Peretti were in charge at the Times?“I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,”he said.“I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product.”The most loyal customers would still get the product they favor,the idea goes, and they’d feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in.“So if you’re overpaying for print,you could feel like you were helping,”Peretti said.“Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue.”In other words,if you’re going to make a print product,make it for the people who are already obsessed with it.Which may be what the Times is doing already.Getting the print edition seven days a week costs nearly$500a year–more than twice as much as a digital-only subscription.“It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,”Peretti remarked.“But we’re going to have questions like that where we have things we’re doing that don’t make sense when the market changes and the world changes.In those situations,it’s better to be more aggressive than less aggressive.”36.The New York Times is considering ending its print edition partly due to[A]the high cost of operation.[B]the increasing online ad sales.[C]the pressure from its investors.[D]the complaints from its readers.37.Peretti suggests that,in face of the present situation,the Times should[A]end the print edition for good.[B]make strategic adjustments.[C]seek new sources of readership.[D]aim for efficient management.38.It can be inferred from Paragraphs5and6that a“legacy product”[A]helps restore the glory of former times.[B]is meant for the most loyal customers.[C]will have the cost of printing reduced.[D]expands the popularity of the paper.39.Peretti believes that,in a changing world,[A]traditional luxuries can stay unaffected.[B]cautiousness facilitates problem-solving.[C]aggressiveness better meets challenges.[D]legacy businesses are becoming outdated.40.Which of the following would be the best title of the text?[A]Shift to Online Newspapers All at Once[B]Make Your Print Newspaper a Luxury Good[C]Keep Your Newspapers Forever in Fashion[D]Cherish the Newspaper Still in Your HandPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs(41-45).There are two extra subheadings.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)[A]Create a new image of yourself[B]Have confidence in yourself[C]Decide if the time is right[D]Understand the context[E]Work with professionals[F]Know your goals[G]Make it efficientNo matter how formal or informal the work environment,the way you present yourself has an impact.This is especially true in first impressions.According to research from Princeton University,people assess your competence, trustworthiness,and likeability in just a tenth of a second,solely based on the way you look.The difference between today’s workplace and the“dress for success”era is that the range of options is so much broader.Norms have evolved and fragmented. In some settings,red sneakers or dress T-shirts can convey status;in others not so much.Plus,whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like Linkedln.Chances are,your headshots are seen much more often now than a decade or two lennials,it seems,face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding.It can be confusing.So how do we navigate this?How do we know when to invest in an upgrade? And what’s the best way to pull off one that enhances our goals?Here are some tips: 41.As an executive coach,I’ve seen image upgrades be particularly helpful during transitions–when looking for a new job,stepping into a new or more public role,or changing work environments.If you’re in a period of change or just feeling stuck and in a rut,now may be a good time.If you’re not sure,ask for honest feedback from trusted friends,colleagues and professionals.Look for cuesabout how others perceive you.Maybe there’s no need for an upgrade and that’s OK.42.Get clear on what impact you’re hoping to have.Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it?For one person,the goal may be to be taken more seriously and enhance their professional image.For another,it may be to be perceived as more approachable,or more modern and stylish.For someone moving from finance to advertising,maybe they want to look more“SoHo.”(It’s OK to use characterizations like that.)43.Look at your work environment like an anthropologist.What are the norms of your environment?What conveys status?Who are your most important audiences? How do the people you respect and look up to present themselves?The better you understand the cultural context,the more control you can have over your impact. 44.Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and context.Hire a personal stylist,or use the free styling service of a store like J.Crew.Try a hair stylist instead of a barber.Work with a professional photographer instead of your spouse or friend.It’s not as expensive as you might think.45.The point of a style upgrade isn’t to become more vain or to spend more time fussing over what to wear.Instead,use it as an opportunity to reduce decision fatigue.Pick a standard work uniform or a few go-to options.Buy all your clothes at once with a stylist instead of shopping alone,one article of clothing at a time.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Mental health is our birthright.(46)We don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy;it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone.Mental health can’t be learned,only reawakened.It is like the immune system of the body,which under stress or through lack of nutrition or exercise can be weakened,but which never leaves us. When we don’t understand the value of mental health and we don’t know how to gain access to it,mental health will remain hidden from us.(47)Our mental health doesn’t really go anywhere;like the sun behind a cloud,it can be temporarily hidden from view,but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.Mental health is the seed that contains self-esteem–confidence in ourselves and an ability to trust in our common sense.It allows us to have perspective on our lives–the ability to not take ourselves too seriously,to laugh at ourselves,to see the bigger picture,and to see that things will work out.It’s a form of innate or unlearned optimism.(48)Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles,with kindness if they are in pain,and with unconditional love no matter who they are.Mental health is the source of creativity for solving problems,resolving conflict,making our surroundings more beautiful,managing our home life,or coming up with a creative business idea or invention to make our lives easier.It gives us patience for ourselves and toward others as well as patience while driving,catching a fish,working on our car,or raising a child.It allows us to see the beauty that surrounds us each moment in nature,in culture,in the flow of our daily lives.(49)Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives,it is perfectly ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions.It has been available even in the most mundane of life situations to show you right from wrong,good from bad,friend from foe.Mental health has commonly been called conscience,instinct,wisdom,common sense,or the inner voice.We think of it simply as a healthy and helpful flow of intelligent thought.(50)As you will come to see,knowing that mental health is always available and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily.Section III WritingPart A51.Directions:Suppose you are a librarian in your university.Write a notice of about100 words,providing the newly-enrolled international students with relevant information about the library.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the e“Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address.(10points)Part B52.Directions:Write an essay of160-200words based on the following pictures.In your essay,you shouldl)describe the pictures briefly,2)interpret the meaning,and3)give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(20points)2016年全真试题答案Section Ⅰ Use of English1.A2.D3.C4.A5.C6.B7.D8.B9.D 10.A11.D 12.C 13.B 14.B 15.C 16.A 17.B 18.D 19.B 20.A Section Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPart AText 1 21.A 22.D 23.D 24.C 25.DText 2 26.A 27.D 28.C 29.A 30.CText 3 31.B 32.C 33.D 34.A 35.BText 4 36.A 37.B 38.B 39.C 40.BPart B41.C 42.F 43.D 44.E 45.GPart C46.我们的心理健康不是学来的；它是我们生来就有的，正如同我们的身体知道如何治愈伤口或修复断骨一样。
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《试题调研》2016版第一辑英语在线试阅读(电子版)篇一：试题调研2016新课标全国卷1模拟试卷2016新课标全国卷1模拟试卷安徽省蚌埠二中蒋红年邮箱：jhn19807819@ 邮编：233400第1卷7. NA表示阿伏伽德罗常数的值。
下列说法正确的是（）A．标准状况下，和CH4的混合气体中所含电子数为2NAB．/LCH3COOH溶液中含有的离子和分子总数是C．等物质的量的干冰和葡萄糖中所含碳原子数之比为1:6，氧原子数之比为1:3D．晶体中阴、阳离子总数为答案：C解析：A:每个NH3和CH4分子中均含有10个电子，所以标准状况下，和CH4的混合气体即为1mol,所含电子数为NA。
所以错误。
B: CH3COOH溶液中除了有醋酸分子外还含有水分子，所以/LCH3COOH溶液中含有的离子和分子总数要远远大于。
所以错误。
C: 干冰即二氧化碳分子式为CO2,葡萄糖分子式为C6H12O6，所以等物质的量的干冰和葡萄糖中所含碳原子数之比为1:6，氧原子数之比为1:3。
所以C正确。
D: Na2O2晶体中阴、阳离子分别为Na+和O22-(过氧根离子)，所以晶体中阴、阳离子总数为。
所以D错误。
8..汽车在剧烈碰撞时，安全气囊中发生的反应为：10NaN3+2KNO3=K2O+5Na2O+16N2↑，下列关于该反应的说法正确的是（）A． N2中σ键与π键个数比为1:2B．反应物和生成物中只有氮气属于非电解质C．该反应每转移1mol电子，生成氮气D．NaN3是只含有离子键的离子化合物答案A解析：A氮气分子中存在氮氮三键，不论氮气多少,氮分子中σ键与π键个数比为1:2,所以A正确；B中氮气属于单质，所以既不是电解质也不是非电解质；所以错误。
C中没有标准状况；所以错误。
D中钠和氮之间是离子键，氮和氮之间是共价键。
所以错误。
9．X、Y、Z、W、Q是原子序数依次增大的五种短周期主族元素。
其中只有Z是金属，W的单质是黄色固体，X、Y、W在周期表中的相对位置关系如图。
下列说法正确的是（）A．五种元素中，原子半径最大的是WB．Y的简单阴离子比W的简单阴离子还原性强C．Y与Z形成的化合物都可以和盐酸反应D．Z与Q形成的化合物水溶液一定显酸性答案：C解析：由题意可知，X、Y、Z、W、Q分别为C、O、Na或Mg或Al、S、Cl。
A：Z为第三周期元素，电子层数最多，故半径最大。
故A错误。
B:Y的单质比W的单子氧化性强，所以Y的简单阴离子比W的简单阴离子还原性弱。
故B错误。
C: Y、Z形成的化合物有Na2O和Na2O2，二者均可以和盐酸反应。
故C正确。
D: Z、Q形成的化合物为Na Cl，溶液呈中性。
故D错误。
10、下列实验装置图能实现对应的实验目的的是图1 图2图3 图4A．利用图1除去Cl2中的HCl B．利用图2由45°白酒制无水乙醇C．利用图3检验产物中含有乙烯 D．图4是研究温度对NO2和N2O4平衡的影响答案：.D解析:A:除去Cl2中的HCl用饱和的NaCl溶液，A选项错误。
B:白酒通过蒸馏只能得到大约96%的乙醇溶液，不能制得无水乙醇，B选项错误。
C:溴乙烷与NaOH乙醇加热制得的乙烯混有乙醇，乙醇也可使酸性KMnO4溶液褪色，必须通过水洗后，再用酸性KMnO4溶液检验，C 选项错误。
D项，反应NO2?N2O4△H＜0，若升高温度平衡逆向移动混合气体颜色加深，若降低温度平衡正向移动，混合气体颜色变浅，正确。
11.某烃的衍生物A，分子式为C6H12O2。
实验表明A跟氢氧化钠溶液共热生成B和C，B跟盐酸反应生成有机物D，C在铜催化和加热条件下氧化为E，D 和E属于不同类别的物质，其中D不能发生银镜反应而E能发生银镜反应。
由此判断A的可能结构有（）A．6种B．7种 C．8种D．9种答案：D解析：由题可知A为酯，D为酸C为醇E为醛。
由于D不能发生银镜反应所以不是甲酸，若D是乙酸则E为丁醛，丁醛有2种，此时A有2种；若D是丙酸则E为丙醛，丙醛有1种，此时A有1种；若D是丁酸则E为乙醛，丁酸有2种，乙醛有1种，此时A有2种；若D为戊酸则E为甲醛，戊酸有4种，甲醛有1种，所以此时A有4种。
所以符合条件的A共有2+1+2+4=9.12.下列图示与对应的叙述相符的是（）A．图1表示反应2NO(g)+2CO(g)B．图2中表示反应2A(g) + B(g)N2(g)+2CO2(g)平衡常数K 随NO物质的量的变化 2C(g) ΔH > 0的平衡常数K随温度的变化3C(g)+D(s)的影响，乙的压强比甲的压强小 C．图3表示压强对可逆反应2A(g)+2B(g)D．据图4，若除去CuSO4溶液中的Fe3+可向溶液中加入适量CuO 至pH在5-6左右答案：A解析：A:平衡常数只和温度有关，故A选项正确；B: ΔH > 0,该反应正方向为吸热反应，故正反应K值随温度升高而增大，逆反应K值随温度升高而减小；所以错误。
C：该反应中D物质为固态，正反应为体积减小的反应，增大压强时平衡正向移动，反应物的含量下降，乙压强下反应物百分含量减小所以压强大；故C错误。
D: 若除去CuSO4溶液中的Fe3+,就要求Fe3+沉淀完时Cu2+不沉淀，由图4可知pH在5-6左右Cu2+已有大量沉淀，故D选项错。
HOCHCOOH13.酒石酸(HOCOOH)是一种存在于葡萄等水果中的有机酸。
已知酒石酸在溶液中的微粒浓度和溶液pH的关系如图所示（图中酒石酸用H2T表示）。
为测定某果汁中酒石酸的含量（果汁中不含其它酸），小明在实验室中用/L NaOH溶液对果汁（取样20mL）进行滴定。
利用传感器技术，测得滴加40mLNaOH溶液时达到滴定终点。
下列有关说法正确的是A．果汁中酒石酸的浓度为1×10-3 mol/LB．滴加NaOH溶液10mL，溶液中存在c(Na+)= 2c(H2T) +2 c(HT —) +2 c(T 2—)C．滴加NaOH溶液40mL，溶液中存在c(OH-)= 2c(H2T) + c(HT —) +c(H+)D．滴定过程中生成了NaHT，由于HT—水解使溶液呈碱性答案：C解析：A:滴加NaOH溶液40mL，达到滴定终点，此时恰好完全反应：2NaOH+H2T=Na2T+2H2O，故酒石酸的起始浓度为 mol/L，A错误；B:滴加NaOH溶液10mL时，NaOH的物质的量为酒石酸的一半，所以溶液中c(Na+)＜ 2c(H2T) +2 c(HT—) +2 c(T 2—)，B错误；C:滴加NaOH溶液40mL，H2T恰好反应完，此时溶液为Na2T溶液，根据质子守恒可得出c(OH-)= 2c(H2T) + c(HT—) +c(H+)，C正确；D:由图像中pH变化可知，NaHT溶液呈酸性。
这是由于HT—既有电离又有水解，电离使溶液呈酸性，水解使溶液呈碱性，且电离程度比水解程度大，所以最终呈酸性。
故D错误。
第2卷26.（18分）对溴甲苯是合成农药溴螨酯的重要原料．工业用液溴、甲苯与1-丙醇共热合成对溴甲苯和1-溴丙烷，其原子利用率很高．实验室模拟的合成流程和相关数据如下：已知：甲苯与溴在有水存在时能反应．（1）25℃恒温搅拌至溴的颜色完全褪去时完成甲苯的溴代反应。
为提高溴的利用率可采取的措施有： __； ___。
加入水的作用是：易于控制温度；____ __。
（2）加热搅拌操作中加入浓硫酸，搅拌，完成1-丙醇的取代反应，加入浓硫酸的作用是__ ____，加热微沸2小时的目的是__ ____。
（3）操作Ⅰ的名称是分液，洗涤操作应在_ ____（填写仪器名称）中进行。
该步实验需要经过多步操作，下列图示的操作中，肯定需要的化学操作是________________(选填答案编号)。
（4）有机物的分离操作中，经常需要使用分液漏斗等仪器。
使用分液漏斗前必须______ _____，某同学在进行分液操作时，若发现液体流不下来，其可能原因除分液漏斗活塞堵塞外，还有。
（5）分离出的水溶液中含HBr、H2SO4和Fe3+离子，将水溶液稀释定容至1000mL，取，加入几滴甲基橙作指示剂，用一定浓度的NaOH溶液滴定，测定出HBr的物质的量明显低于理论值，原因是；有同学认为无需加入指示剂，也能完成滴定，提出这一观点的理由是__ ____．答案：（1）加入稍过量的苯；及时分离出产物（2分）。
吸收反应生成的溴化氢气体。
（2分）（2）催化剂和吸水剂（1分）；提高氢溴酸和1-丙醇的利用（转化）率；（2分）（3）分液漏斗（1分）；AB（2分）（4）检查是否漏水（2分）；分液漏斗上端玻璃塞未打开或玻璃旋塞上的小孔未与漏斗口的小孔对准。
（2分）（5）溴（溴化氢）挥发没有参加反应（溴与铁反应生成溴化铁）（2分）；篇二：2016年广州市中考英语试卷真题(电子版)一、语法选择（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1-15各题所给的A、B、C、D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In a far-away place, there was a village. The village was___1___ in potatoes than anywhere else in the country. At the end of every growing season, ___2____potatoes were dug out of the ground, and readied for market. In each home, men and women would_____3_____divide the potatoes into three groups,large, medium and small.One year, there was a young man___4_____received his share of the potatoes. As the othervillagers_____5_____,hewalkedaroundthevillagelaughingandtalking._____6____villagers thought he was lazy, and they worried that this man would never get______7_____potatoes ready in time. When it was time for the villagers____8______to market, they were greatly surprised to find that the man’s potatoes____9____perfectly into three groups.After _____10____the man how he did it, they understood he was not lazy, ____11____very clever. He had put all his potatoes in a cart and pulled it along the village’s rough dirt road. As the cart moved up and down over the road, the potatoes moved_____12____. The small potatoes moved to the bottom, the larger potatoes rose to the top and the medium potatoesrested___13___ the middle.Life___14____like this too. The rough roads we travel along can also___15____us. 1. A. richB. richer B. busyB. which B. AnB. himB. going B. asked B. andB. alsoB. inB. areB. helpC. richestD. more rich D. thousands of D. busier D. whose D. works D. / D. his D. went D. divided D. asks D. but D. neither D. byD. is D. helped2. A. thousand with B. thousands with3. A. busily4. A. who 6. A. A7. A. he8. A. go5. A. workC. thousand of C. whatC. TheC. to goC. askC. orC. either C. withC. wereC. helpsC. more busilyC. were workingC. himselfB. was working9. A. are divided10. A. asking 11. A. so 12. A. too 13.A. onB. were dividedC. are dividing14. A. has15. A. to help二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-25各题所给的A、B、C、D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。