英语专八-最全英美文学常识.
专八英美文学常识
英美文学1. William Faulkner is the author of ______.A. Far From the Modeling CrowdB. Sound and FuryC. For Whom the Bell TollsD. Scarlet Letter1. Robert Frost is a famous ______.A. novelistB. playwrightC. poetD. literary critic3. The Old Man and the Sea is one of the great works by ______A. Jack LondonB. Charles DickensC. Samuel Coleridge DEmest Hemingway4. Which of the following poets is different from the others?A. John Donne.B. John Keats.C. Lord Byron.D. Percy Bysshe Shelley.5. Which of the following is not written by William Shakespeare?A. Othello.B. The Tragical History of Dr. Faustus.C. Romeo and Juliet.D. The Twelfth Night.6. Beowulf narrates a story taking place in ______.A. the MediterraneanB. Northern EuropeC. EnglandD. Scandinavia7. ______ refers to some contrast or discrepancy between appearance and reality.A. AllegoryB. ConflictC. IronyD. Flashback8. William Wordsworth is an English _____.A. poetB. novelistC. playwrightD. critic9. The great transcendental work by Henry David Thoreau is ______.A. NatureB. WaldenC. ExperienceD. Essays10. James Joyce is the author of all the following novels EXCEPT ______.A. DublinersB. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young ManC. Jude the ObscureD. Ulysses11. The Bronte Sisters published the following famous novels EXCEPT ______.A. The Tenant of Wildfell HallB. Jane EyreC. Wuthering HeightsD. Agnes Grey12. In which novel can "Yahoo" be found?A. John Bunyan' s Pilgrim' s Progress.B. Edmund Spencer' s The Faerie Queen.C. Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels.D. Henry Fielding's Tom Jones.13. The Victorian Age was largely an age of ______, eminently represented by Dickens and Thackeray.A. pessimismB. naturalismC. modernismD. critical realism14. Mark Twain shaped the world' s view of America and made a combination of ______ andserious literature.A. American folk humorB. funny jokesC. English folkloreD. American values15. Who was the first American to achieve an international literary reputation after the Revolutionary War?A. Fennimore Cooper.B. Nathaniel Hawthorn.C. Walt Whitman.D. Washington Irving.16. Paradise Lost is a masterpiece by ______.A. Christopher MarlowB. John MiltonC. William ShakespeareD. Ben Jonson17. Have a Dream is addressed by ______.A. Abraham LincolnB. John F. KennedyC. Martin Luther KingD. Ralph Waldo Emerson18. Which of the following is NOT a poem by Emily Dickinson?A. This is my letter to the world.B. heard a fly buzz — when I died.C. This is just to say.D. Because I could not stop/or death.19. Eugene 0' Neil is an American ______.A. novelistB. playwrightC. poetD. essayist20. The Romantic Age in England came to an end with the death of ______.A. Jane AustinB. Walter ScottC. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD. William Wordsworth21. In the works of such aesthetics as ______ and Walter Pater, the theory of "art for art's sake" is advocated.A. Oscar WildeB. Mrs. GaskellC. Alexander PopeD. Charles Lamb22. Works by ______ are characterized by stream-of-consciousness.A. George EliotB. Jane AustenC. Emily BronteD. Virginia Woolf23. Who of the followings is a playwright of the "theater of absurd" ?A. John Osbom.B. Wystan Hugh Auden.C. Bernard Shaw.D. Samuel Beckett.24. The period from 1865—1914 has been referred to as the ______ in the literary history of the United States.A. Age of RealismB. Age of ClassicalismC. Age of RomanticismD. Age of Renaissance25. With "Collected Poems" , ______won the second Pulitzer Prize.A. Ezra PondB. e. e. cummingsC. Robert FrostD. William Cullen Bryant26. ______ belongs to the second period in Shakespeare' s three stages of writing career.A. The Merchant of VeniceB. Love' s Labor LostC. HamletD. The Tempest27. Grass is a poem written by ______.A. Walt WhitmanB. Carl SandburgC. Langston HughesD. Alien Ginsberg28. William Makepeace Thackeray' s most famous work is ______.A. The School for ScandalB. Past and PresentC. Major BarbaraD. Vanity Fair29. Dover Beach is written by ______.A. Robert BrowningB. Alfred TennysonC. Mathew ArnoldD. Dylan Thomas30. The period of Old English literature refers to ______.A. about 450 — 1066B. 14th century — mid-17th centuryC. 14th century — mid-ISA centuryD. 16th century — mid-18th century31. Moby Dick is the most important work by ______.A. Jack LondonB. Herman MelvilleC. Sinclair LewisD. Ralph Ellison32. 0. Henry earned his fame mainly for his ______.A. novelsB. poemsC. short storiesD. dramas33. Francis Bacon' s ______ is a great essay on education.A. The Advancement of LearningB. The Importance of Being EarnestC. The New AtlanticD. The Learned Reading upon the Statute of Uses34. ______ is NOT a novel of Francis Scott Fitzgerald.A. Tender Is the NightB. Anna ChristieC. The Beautiful and DammedD. The Great Gatsby35. The American literature in modem period is divided into two parts by the event ofA. the expatriate movementB. the Great DepressionC. the First World WarD. the Second World War36. Which of the following novels does NOT belong to Dreiser' s Trilogy of DesirefA. The Titan.B. The Financier.C. The "Genius".D. The Stoic.37. The followings are all Dickens' works EXCEPT______.A. Oliver TwistB. Moll FlandersC. Great ExpectationsD. Bleak House38. It is generally regarded that Keats' s most important and mature poems are in the form ofA. odeB. elegyC. epicD. sonnet39. The 1954 Nobel Prize for literature was awarded to ______ for his "mastery of the artof modem narration".A. William FaulknerB. John SteinbeckC. Saul BellowD. Ernest Hemingway40. Sister Carrie is a masterpiece of ______ work.A. romanticB. classicC. neo-classicD. naturalistic41. Who is the father of English poetry?A. Shakespeare.B. Edmund Spencer.C. John Milton.D. Geoffrey Chaucer.42. The Octopus is written by ______.A. Frank NorrisB. Sherwood AndersonC. Willa GatherD. Stephen Crane43. James Baldwin' s most famous short story is ______.A. A Rose/or EmilyB. The Story of an HowC. Sonny's BluesD. A Clean, Well-lighted Place44. John Galsworthy won the 1932 Nobel Price for his work ______.A. UlyssesB. Hard. TimesC. The Forsyte SagaD. Jude the Obscure45. Which of the following poems is NOT written by George Gordon Byron?A. She Walks in Beauty.B. The Solitary Reaper.C. When We Two Parted.D. Childe Harold's Pilgrimage.46.______wrote several novels with the name of "Rabbit".A. Arthur MillerB. Thomas PynchonC. John UpdikeD. Wallace Stevens47. The Road Not Taken is a poem written by ______.A. Robert FrostB. LongfellowC. Ezra PondD. Carl Sandburg48. "God help them that help themselves" is found in ______' s work.A. FranklinB. FreneauC. JeffersonD. Paine49. T. S. Eliot' s most famous long poem is ______.A. The Love Song of J. Alfred Pru/rockB. A Boy's WillC. The Waste LandD. The Golden Bough50. ______ is often credited with writing the first true " novel of incident".A. John BanyanB. Henry FieldingC. Samuel RichardsonD. Daniel Defoe51. Daisy Miller is a great work by ______.A. Henry JamesB. Mark TwainC. DreiserD. Stowe52. Hester is a character in ______.• A. Cone with the Wind B. The Fall of the House of UsherC. BabbittD. Scarlet Letter53. Jack London' s ______ is his patently autobiographical novel.A. The Call of the WildB. The Sea WolfC. Martin EdenD. The Iron Heel54. William Golding' s first and most well-known novel is ______.A. Coral IslandB. Lord of the FliesC. Treasure IslandD. The Brass Butterfly55. "To be, or not to be" is quoted from ______.A. King Lear BHamletC. Julius CaesarD. Romeo and Juliet56. The first book of the Old Testament is called ______.A. ExodusB. NumbersC. LeviticusD. Genesis57. The black man Jim is a character in Mark Twain' s ______.A. The Adventures of Tom SawyerB. The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnC. Life on the MississippiD. The Prince and the Pauper58. 0 Captain} My Captain\ was written in memory of ______.A. Walt WhitmanB. Benjamin FranklinC. Abraham LincolnD. Martin Luther King59. Which of the following works is NOT written by D. H. Lawrence?A. Women in Love.B. Sores and Lovers.C. The Rainbow.D. The French Lieutenant' s Woman.60. Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between ______ and ______ centuries.A. 14th/mid-17thB. 14th/mid-18thC. 16th/mid-18thD. 16th/mid-17th61. The Crapes of Wrath is the masterpiece of ______.A. John SteinbeckB. John CheeverC. John UpdikeD. John DOS Passes62. _____ is NOT a play written by Tennessee Williams.A. Cat on a Hot Tin RoofB. The Class MenagerieC. Light in AugustD. A Streetcar Named Desire63. Robert Bums is a poet from ______.A. EnglandB. New EnglandC. IrelandD. Scotland64. Look Back in Anger is a play written by ______.A. John OsbomeB. Samuel BeckettC. Edward AlbeeD. Eugene O'Neil65. ______ is a popular literary form in the medieval period.A. RomanceB. NovelC. SonnetD. Drama66. Seize the Day is regarded the best novel written by ______.A. Flannery 0'ConnerB. Saul BellowC. Ralph EllisonD. Sherwood Anderson67. ______ is NOT among the postwar poets in modem American literature.A. Robert LowellB. Gary SynderC. Alien GinsbergD. e. e. cummings68. William Blake' s The Tiger is collected in ______.A. Songs of InnocenceB. Songs of ExperienceC. Marriage of Heaven and HellD. Poetical Sketches69. The image of the famous "henpecked husband" is created by ______.A. Washington IrvingB. Fennimore CooperC. Edith Wharton D William Dean Howells70. ______ is known as "the poet' s poet".A. ShakespeareB. MarloweC. SpenserD. Donne71. The literary spokesman of the Jazz is often thought to be ______.A. O'NeilB. PoundC. Robert FrostD. Scott Fitzgerald72. ______was the most important person of the transcendental club.A. HawthornB. WhitmanC. EmersonD. Thoreau73. Shylock is a character in ______.A. The Merchant of VeniceB. The Twelfth NightC. The Winter's TaleD. Macbeth74. The compiler of A Dictionary of the English Language is ______.A. Joseph AddisonB. Richard SteeleC. Samuel JohnsonD. Laurence Stem75. The main theme of Emily Dickinson is the following EXCEPTA. religionB. love and marriageC. life and deathD. war and peace76. American fiction in the 1960s and 1970s proves different from its predecessors. It is referred to as ______.A. imagismB. black humorC. new fictionD. the Beat Generation77. Together with Lawrence and Joyce, ______ is considered one of the three giants ot the modem English novel and a master of English prose.A. Henry JamesB. Joseph ConradC. E. M. ForsterD. Aldous Huxley78. This line "If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?" is quoted from ______.A. Don Juan C Kubia KhanC. To AutumnD. Ode to the West Wind79. Stephen Crane is famous for ______.A. An American TragedyB. The AmbassadorsC. Main StreetD. The Red Badge of Courage80. "Belinda smiled, and all the world was gay". What is the figure oi this speech?A. Hyperbole.B. Simile.C. Metaphor.D. Synecdoche.81. ______ has won the Pulitzer Prize four times and Nobel Prize.A. Ernest HemingwayB. John SteinbeckC. Eugene 0' NeilD. William Faulkner82. Golden Notebook is a feminist novel written by ______.A. Amy TanB. Doris LessingC. Flannery 0' ConnorD. Kate Chopin83. Which of the following poems is written by W. H. Auden?A. Sailing to ByzantiumB. To an Athlete Dying YoungC. Musee des Beaux ArtsD. Church Going84. Beloved is the masterpiece of ______.A. Tony MorrisonB. Ralph EllisonC. John DOS PassesD. Willa Gather85.______, the author of The Interpretation of Dreams has great impact on literary creation and criticism.A. Carl JungB. Jean-Paul SartreC. Friedrich Wilhelm NietzscheD. Sigmund Freud86. Henry Fielding is the author of the great 18th century English novel, ______.A. The History of Tom Jones, a FoundlingB. PamelaC. Moll FlandersD. The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy87. Tess is a character created by ______.A. D. H. LawrenceB. James JoyceC. Thomas HardyD. Dylan Thomas88. The sentence "Shall I compare thee to a summer' s day" is quoted from Shakespe-A. comediesB. tragediesC. historiesD. sonnets89. Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of Modernism?A. To elevate the individual and inner being over the social being.B. To put the stress on traditional values.C. To portray the distorted and alienated relationships between man and his environment.D. To advocate a conscious break with the past.90. In A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning, John Donne compares the lovers ' souls to ______.A. two rosesB. two circlesC. sun and moonD. twin compasses91. Utopia is ______' s work.A. Thomas MoreB. Francis BaconC. John DrydenD. George Herbert92. One of the Prime Ministers of Britain has won the Nobel Prize for literature, and that is ______.A. Margaret ThatcherB. Tony BlairC. Winston ChurchillD. John Major93. "Beauty is truth, truth beauty" is an epigrammatic line by ______.A. John KeatsB. William BlakeC. William WordsworthD. Percy Bysshe Shelley94. Whitman' s poems are characterized by all the following features EXCEPT ______.A. a strict poetic formB. a simple and conversational languageC. a free and natural rhythmic patternD. an easy flow of feelings95. Who initiated the name of the Lost Generation?A. Hemingway.B. Fitzgerald.C. Gertrude Stein.D. William Faulkner.96. My Last Duchess is a monologue poem written by ______.A. William ShakespeareB. Robert BrowningC. Ben JonsonD. Robert Herrick97. The high tide of Romanticism in American literature occurred around ______.A. 1820B. 1850C. 1880D. 192098. The title of Alfred Tennyson' s poem "Ulysses" reminds the reader of the following EXCEPT______.A. the Trojan WarB. Homer's OdysseyC. adventures over the seaD. religious quest99. As a literary figure, Heathcliff appears in ______.A. Jane EyreB. Oliver TwistC. Wuthering HeightsD. Middlemarch100. The publication of ______ established Emerson as the most eloquent spokesman of the New England Transcendentalism.A. NatureB. Self-RelianceC. The Over-SoulD. The American Scholar101. ______ is considered to be the best-known English dramatist since Shakespeare, and his representative works are plays inspired by social criticism.A. Richard SheridanB. Oliver GoldsmithC. Oscar WildeD. Bernard Shaw102. Chinese poetry and philosophy have exerted great influence over ______.A. Ezra PoundB. Ralph Waldo EmersonC. Robert FrostD. Emily Dickinson103. The success of Jane Eyre is partly due to its introduction to the English novel the first ______ heroine.A. explorerB. peasantC. workerD. governess104. ______ is the representative work of the Beat Generation.A. The Great CatshyB. On the RoadC. Look Back in AngerD. The Sun Also Rises105. Emily Grierson is a literary figure created by ______.A. Willa GatherB. Doris LessingC. William FaulknerD. Nathaniel Hawthorn106. The most significant idea of the Renaissance is ______.A. humanismB. realismC. naturalismD. skepticism107. The title of Thackeray' s "Vanity Fair" is taken from __A. The Holy BibleB. The Faerie QueenC. The Pilgrim' s ProgressD. Paradise Lost108. Mr. Micawber in David Coppeifield and Sam Well in Pickwick Papers are perhaps I best ______ characters created bv Charles Dickens.A. comicB. tragicC. roundD. sophisticated109. Thomas Pynchon can also be categorized as a Black Humor writer, as well as ______ writer.A. classicalB. transcendentalC. postmodernist D realistic110. Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard is written by ______.A. Ben JonsonB. Thomas GrayC. William WordsworthD. William Blake111. Who is considered the father of American poetrv?A. Philip Freneau.B. William Cullen Bryant.C. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. D Henry David Thoreau.112. In America,there is "a little woman started a great war". Who is she?A. Anne BradstreetB. Harriet Beecher StoweC. Edith WhartonD. Catharine Anne Porter113. Waiting/or Godot is a ______.A. poemB. playC. short storyD. novel114. Which of the following poets has once won the Nobel Prize?A. William Butler Yeats.B. Thomas Hardy.C. Wystan Hugh Auden.D. Dylan Thomas.115. ______ is NOT written by Edgar Allan Poe.A. The RavenB. Annabel LeeC. The Fall of the House of UsherD. Song to Celia116. Arthur Miller is an American ______.A. novelistB. poetC. playwrightD. essayist117. Mr. Darcy is a character in ______.A. Tess of the D' UrbervillesB. Pride and PrejudiceC. Happy PrinceD. The Mill on the Floss118. Iceberg Theory is a writing principle proposed and closely followed by ______.A. Jack LondonB. Sinclair LewisC. William FaulknerD. Ernest Hemingway119. ______ is featured by black humor.A. CaricatureB. Catch-22C. The Catcher in the Rye C. Death of a Salesman120. Who is the only woman writer that has won both Pulitzer Prize and Nobel Prize?A. Pearl Buck.B. Virginia Woolf.C. Tony Morrison.D. Katharine Mansfield.。
英语专八英美文学常识汇总
英语专八英美文学常识汇总3专八人文知识:英国地理概况the english channel: the channel is a narrow sea passage which separates england and france and connects the atlantic ocean and north sea.英吉利海峡：英吉利海峡是一道狭长的海峡，分割英法两国，连接大西洋和北海。
the dee estuary: a small sea ( in irish sea) where the dee river enters.迪河河口：是迪河流入的一个小海。
"the act of union of 1801": in 1801 the english parliament passed an act by which scotland, wales and the kingdom of england were constitutionally joined as the kingdom of great britain.1801合并法：1801年英国议会通过法令，规定英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士根据宪法合并成为大不列颠王国。
gaelic: it is one of the celtic language, and is spoken in parts of the highlands.盖尔语：是盖尔特语言的一种，在高地地区仍有人说这种语言。
the "backbone of england": it refers to the pennies, the board ridge of hills.英格兰脊梁：指的是山脉的背脊。
lead ore: british lead ores have been worked since pre-roman times. it contains silver.铅矿：自前罗马时代开始，英国的铅矿就被开发了。
tem8-英美文学知识（1）
英美文学知识第一节英国文学一、古英语时期的英国文学 (约499-1066)Alliteration – Beowulf《贝奥武甫》- national epicCaedmon (开德蒙)Anthem《赞美诗》1. 诗歌Cynewulf(基涅武甫)Dream of the Rood《十字架之梦》Bede (比德)Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum《英吉利人教会史》2. 散文King Alfred(阿尔弗雷德大帝)Wessex – Father of English Prose (“英国散文之父”);Anglo-Saxon Chronicle《盎格鲁-撒克逊编年史》二、中古英语时期的英国文学 (14世纪 – 15世纪)1. Allegory – Romance – Sir Gawain and the Green Knight《高文爵士和绿衣骑士》2. Ballad – The Robin Hood Ballads《罗宾汉民谣集》3. William Langland (威廉•兰格伦)The Vision Concerning Piers the Plowman 《农夫皮尔斯的幻想》4. Geoffrey Chaucer (杰弗里•乔叟)Father of English Poetry (“英国诗歌之父”); The Canterbury Tales《坎特布雷故事集》;- octosyllabic & heroic couplet (八音节英雄双韵体)5. Sir Thomas Malory(托马斯•马洛礼)Le Morte d’Arthur《亚瑟王之死》三、文艺复兴时期的英国文学 (15世纪末 – 17世纪中期)1. Humanism – classic culture2. Thomas More (托马斯•莫尔)Utopia《乌托邦》; The Painful Life of Edward V; Historie of Richard the Third《理查德三世传》3. Thomas Wyatt (托马斯•怀亚特), Henry Howard (亨利•霍华德) – Sonnet4. Philip Sidney (菲利浦•锡德尼)Arcadia《阿卡迪亚》-第一篇田园生活的传奇,“现代长篇小说的先驱”;The Defence of Poesie / Apology for Poetry《诗辩》-人文主义文学的宣言,开创近代英国的文学批评5. Edmund Spencer (埃德蒙•斯宾塞)poet’ poet – Spencerian stanza – 9行(ababbcbcc)8 iambic pentameter + 1 iambic hexameter; The FaireQueene 《仙后》被誉为英国文艺复兴时期“最杰出的史诗” nationalism, humanism, puritanism 6. Christopher Marlowe(克里斯托弗•马娄)Tamburlaine 《帖木耳大帝》; The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus 《浮士德博士的悲剧历史》7. William Shakespeare2首长诗, 154首十四行诗, 37部戏剧长诗Venus and Adonis 《维纳斯和阿多尼斯》;The Rape of Lucrece 《露克丽丝受辱记》十四行诗iambic pentameter – 14 (abab cdcd efef gg)3 quatrains + 1 couplet = Shakespearean sonnet悲剧Hamlet, King Lear, Othello, Macbeth喜剧 A Midsummer Night’s Dream ; The Merchant ofVenice ; As You Like It 《皆大欢喜》; TwelfthNight历史剧Henry VI, Henry IV, Richard III(威廉•莎士比亚)戏剧传奇剧Pericles 《泰尔亲王配力克里斯》;Cymbeline 《辛白林》; The Winter’s Tale ;Tempest 《暴风雨》8. Ben Jonson (本•琼森)comedy of manners (风俗喜剧的奠基人);Every Man In His Humor 《人性互异》9. John Donne (约翰•多恩)Metaphysical Poems (“玄学派”诗歌创始人);Songs and Sonnets 《歌曲与十四行诗》10. George Herbert (乔治•赫伯特)the saint of the Metaphysical school(“玄学派诗圣”);The Temple 《神殿》11. Andrew Marwell (安德鲁•马韦尔)诗风结合了玄学派和古典主义的创作特点;To His Coy Mistress 《致他的娇羞女友》12. Francis Bacon (弗朗西斯•培根)Materialism; Essays 《随笔》(Of Study, OfTruth );The Advancement of Learning 《学术的推进》;The New Instrument 《新工具》四、资产阶级革命及启蒙时期的英国文学 (17世纪末，18世纪 )1. the Enlightenment: liberty, equality, democracy前30年：neo-classicism (崇尚古典文学的创作及美学原则)40年代到80年代：realism2. 18世纪的英国文学80年代以后：sentimentalism & pre-romanticism (崇尚情感)3. John Milton (约翰•弥尔顿)Defence of the English People 《为英国人民而辩》;Second Defence of the Englishpeople 《为英国人民再辩》;Paradise Lost (blank verse, 旧约); Paradise Regained(新约);Samson Agonistes 《力士参孙》(poetical drama, closet73. Tennessee Williams (田纳西·威廉斯)The Glass Menagerie《玻璃动物园》; A Street car Named Desire《欲望号街车》; Cat on a Hot Tin Roof《热铁皮屋顶上的猫》74. Arthur Miller (阿瑟·米勒)All My Sons《都是我的儿子》; The Death of a Salesman《推销员之死》75. Edward Albee (爱德华·阿尔比)The Zoo Story《动物园的故事》; Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? 《谁害怕弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫》76. Sylvia Plath (西尔维亚·普拉斯)自白派; The Colossus and Other Poems《巨人》。
英语专八英美文学常识(English Literature)
英国文学(English Literature)一、Old and Medieval English Literature中古英语文学(8世纪-14世纪)1) The Old English Period / The Anglo-Saxon Period古英语时期(449-1066)a. pagan poetry(异教诗歌): Beowulf《贝奥武甫》- 最早的诗歌；长诗(3000行) heroism & fatalism & Christian qualitiesthe folk legends of the primitive northern tribes; a heroic Scandinavian epic legend; 善恶有报b. religious poetry: Caedmon(凯德蒙610-680): the first known religious poet; the father of English songCynewulf(基涅武甫9C): The Christc. 8th C, Anglo-Saxon prose: Venerable Bede(673-735); Alfred the Great(848-901)2) The Medieval Period中世纪(1066-ca.1485 / 1500):a. Romance中世纪传奇故事(1200-1500): the Middle Ages; 英雄诗歌无名诗人- Sir Gawain and the Green Knight《高文爵士与绿色骑士》: Celtic legend; verse-romance; 2530 lines~ 14th C,Age of Chaucer:* Geoffrey Chaucer(乔叟1340-1400): 文风：vivid and exact language, his poetry is full of vigor and swiftnessthe father of English poetry; the father of English fiction; 首创“双韵体”;首位用伦敦方言写作英国作家The Canterbury Tales:pilgrims stories 受Boccaccio(薄伽丘) - Decameron《十日谈》启发The House of Fame; Troilus and Criseyde; The Romaunt of the Rose《玫瑰罗曼史》(译作)* William Langland(朗兰1332-1400)：The Vision of Piers Plowman《农夫皮尔斯之幻象》: 普通人眼中的社会抗议b. 15th C, English ballads: Thomas Malory (1395-1471) :Morte d’Arthur《亚瑟王之死》- 圆桌骑士二、The Renaissance Period英国文艺复兴(1500-1660): humanism十四行诗，文艺复兴，无韵诗，伊丽莎白戏剧1) 诗歌Henry Howard(霍华德1516-1547)a. Thomas Wyatt (怀亚特1503-1542): the first to introduce the sonnet into English literatureb. Sir Philip Sidney(雪尼爵士1554-1586)：代表了当时的理想- “the complete man”Defense of Poetry《为诗辩护》Astrophel and Stella; Arcadia《阿卡狄亚》: a prose romance filled with lyrics; a forerunner of the modern worldc.Edmund Spenser(斯宾塞1552-1599): the poets’ poet; non-dramatic poet of伊丽莎白时代- long allegorical romance文风：a perfect melody, a rare sense of beauty and a splendid imagination. The Shepherd CalendarThe Faerie Queen《仙后》：long poem for Queen Elizabeth; Allegory - nine-line verse stanza/ the Spenserian Stanza Spenserian Stanza(斯宾塞诗体): Nine lines, the first eight lines is in iambic(抑扬格) pentameter(五步诗),and the ninth line is an iambic hexameter(六步诗) line.2) Prose 散文a. Thomas More(莫尔1478-1535): 欧洲早期空想社会主义创始人Utopia《乌托邦》: More与海员的对话b. John Lyly (黎里1553-160，剧作家&小说家)：EupheusEuphuism(夸饰文体): Abundant use of balanced sentences, alliterations(头韵) and other artificial prosodic(韵律) means.The use of odd similes(明喻) and comparisonsc. Francis Bacon (培根1561-1626)：英国首位散文家，中世纪至现代欧洲时期; 近代唯物主义哲学奠基人和近代实验科学先驱the trumpeter of a new age;Essays(论说文集)：Of Studies, Of Love, Of Beauty: the first true English prose classic3) 戏剧a. Christopher Marlowe(马洛1564-1593): University Wits 大学才子派Edward II；The Jew of Malta《马耳他的犹太人》first made blank verse(无韵诗：不押韵的五步诗) the principle instrument of English dramaThe Tragical History of Doctor Faustus《浮士德博士的悲剧》：根据德国民间故事书写成; 完善了无韵体诗。
专八美国文学常识
美国文学Part 1. Colonial America Thomas Thomas Paine Paine 托马斯·潘恩1737-18091737-1809The Case of the Officers of Excise 税务员问题；Common Sense 常识；American Crisis 美国危机；Rights of Man 人的权利：Downfall of Despotism 专制体制的崩溃；The Age of Reason 理性时代 Philip Philip Freneau Freneau 菲利普·弗伦诺1752-18321752-1832The Rising Glory of America 蒸蒸日上的美洲；The British Prison Ship 英国囚船；To the Memory of the Brave Americans 纪念美国勇士纪念美国勇士-----同类诗中最佳；The Wild Honeysuckle 野生的金银花；The Indian Burying Ground 印第安人殡葬地印第安人殡葬地 Jonathan Edwards The Freedom of the Will The Great Doctrine of Original Sin defended The Nature of True V irtue Benjamin Franklin 本杰明·富兰克林1706-17901706-1790A Modest Inquiry into the Nature and Necessity of a Paper Money;Poor Richard ’s Almanack 穷查理历书；The Way to Wealth 致富之道；The Autobiography 自传自传 Part 2. American Romanticism Washington Irving 华盛顿·欧文1783-18591783-1859A History of New Y ork 纽约的历史-----美国人写的第一部诙谐文学杰作；The Sketch Book 见闻札记The The Legend Legend Legend of of of Sleepy Hollow Sleepy Hollow 睡谷的传说-----使之成为美国第一个获得国际声誉的作家；Bracebridge Hall 布雷斯布里奇田庄；Talks of Travellers 旅客谈；The Alhambra 阿尔罕伯拉 James James Fenimore Fenimore Fenimore Cooper Cooper 詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库珀1789-18511789-1851The Spy 间谍;The Pilot 领航者;The Littlepage Manuscripts 利特佩奇的手稿;Leatherstocking Tales 皮裹腿故事集:The Pioneer 拓荒者；The Last of Mohicans 最后的莫希干人最后的莫希干人;The Prairie 大草原;The Pathfinder 探路者;The Deerslayer 杀鹿者杀鹿者 Part 3.New England Transcendentalism Ralf Ralf Waldo Waldo Emerson 拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生1803-18821803-1882Essays 散文集:Nature 论自然-----新英格兰超验主义者的宣言书;The The American American American Scholar Scholar 论美国学者;Divinity;The Oversoul 论超灵;Self-reliance 论自立;The Transcendentalist 超验主义者;Representative Men 代表人物;English Traits 英国人的特征;School Address 神学院演说 Concord Hymn 康考德颂;The Rhodo 杜鹃花;The Humble Bee 野蜂;Days 日子-首开自由诗之先河首开自由诗之先河 Henry David Threau 亨利·大卫·梭罗1817-18621817-1862Wadden,or Life in the Woods 华腾湖或林中生活;Resistance to Civil Government/Civil Disobedience 抵制公民政府;A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers Henry Wadsworth Longfellow 亨利·沃兹沃思·朗费罗1807-18821807-1882 The Song of Hiawatha 海华沙之歌----美国人写的第一部印第安人史诗;V oices of the Night 夜吟;Ballads and Other Poens 民谣及其他诗民谣及其他诗;Belfry of Bruges and Other Poems 布鲁茨的钟楼及其他诗;Tales of a Wayside Inn 路边客栈的故事路边客栈的故事---诗集：An April Day 四月的一天/A Psalm of Life 人生人生礼物/Paul Revere ’s Ride 保罗·里维尔的夜奔;Evangeline 伊凡吉琳;The Courtship of Miles Standish迈尔斯·斯坦迪什的求婚迈尔斯·斯坦迪什的求婚------------叙事长诗；叙事长诗；叙事长诗；Poems on Slavery Poems on Slavery 奴役篇奴役篇---------反蓄奴组诗反蓄奴组诗反蓄奴组诗Nathaniel Nathaniel Hawthorne Hawthorne 纳撒尼尔·霍桑1804-1864 Twice-told Tales 尽人皆知的故事;Mosses from an Old Manse 古屋青苔:Y :Young Goodman Brownoung Goodman Brown 年轻的古德曼·布朗;The ;The Scarlet Scarlet Scarlet Letter Letter 红字;The House of of the the the Seven Seven Seven Gables Gables 有七个尖角阁的房子--------心理若们罗曼史;The Blithedale Romance 福谷传奇;The Marble Faun 玉石雕像玉石雕像Herman Melville 赫尔曼·梅尔维尔1819-18911819-1891 Moby Dick/The White Whale 莫比·迪克莫比·迪克莫比·迪克//白鲸；白鲸；Typee Typee 泰比泰比;Omoo ;Omoo 奥穆奥穆;Mardi ;Mardi 玛地玛地;Redburn ;Redburn 雷得本得本;White Jacket ;White Jacket 白外衣白外衣;Pierre ;Pierre 皮尔埃皮尔埃;Piazza ;Piazza 广场故事广场故事;Billy Budd ;Billy Budd 比利·巴德比利·巴德Walt Whitman 沃尔特·惠特曼1819-18921819-1892 Leaves of Grass 草叶集:Song of the Broad-Axe 阔斧之歌阔斧之歌;I hear America Singing 我听见美洲在歌我听见美洲在歌唱;When Lilacs Lost in the Dooryard Bloom’d 小院丁香花开时;Democratic Vistas 民主的前景;The Tramp and Strike Question 流浪汉和罢工问题;Song of Myself 自我之歌自我之歌Emily Dickinson 埃米莉·迪金森1830-18861830-1886 The Poems of Emily Dichenson 埃米莉·迪金森诗集埃米莉·迪金森诗集---------------““Tell all the truth and tell it slant slant”迂回曲折的，玄学的”迂回曲折的，玄学的”迂回曲折的，玄学的Edgar Allan Poe 埃德加·爱伦·坡1809-18491809-1849（以诗为（以诗为诗；永为世人共赏的伟大抒情诗人-----叶芝）叶芝） Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque 怪诞奇异故事集;Tales 故事集;The Fall of the House of Usher 厄舍古屋的倒塌;Ligeia 莱琪儿;Annabel Lee 安娜贝尔·李----------歌特风格；歌特风格；首开近代侦探小说先河，又是法国象征主义运动的源头Tamerlane and Other Poems 帖木儿和其他诗;Al Araaf,Tamerlane and Minor Poems 艾尔·阿拉夫，艾尔·阿拉夫，帖木儿和其他诗;The Raven and Other Poems 乌鸦及其他诗:The Raven 乌鸦;The City in the Sea 海城;Israfel 伊斯拉菲尔;To Hellen 致海伦致海伦Harriet Beecher Stowe 哈丽特·比彻·斯托1811-1896 Uncle Tom ’s Cabin 汤姆叔叔的小屋;A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp 德雷德阴暗大沼地的故事片;The Minister’s Wooing 牧师的求婚;The Pearl of Orr ’s Island 奥尔岛的珍珠;Oldtown Folks 老城的人们的人们 Part 4. The age of Realism William Dean Dean Howells Howells 威廉·狄恩·豪威尔斯1837-1920 The Rise of Silas Lapham 赛拉斯·拉帕姆的发迹赛拉斯·拉帕姆的发迹;A Modern Instance 现代婚姻; A Hazard of Now Fortunes 时来运转;A Traveller from Altruia 从利他国来的旅客;Through the Eye of the Needle 透过针眼----乌托邦小说;Criticism and Fiction;Novel-Writing and Novel-Reading 小说创作与小说阅读小说创作与小说阅读 23、Henry James 享利·詹姆斯1843-19161843-1916 小说：Daisy Miller 苔瑟·米乐；苔瑟·米乐；The Portrait of a Lady The Portrait of a Lady 贵妇人画像；贵妇人画像；The Bostonians The Bostonians 波士顿人；顿人；The Real Thing and Other Tales The Real Thing and Other Tales 真货色及其他故事；真货色及其他故事；The Wings of the Dove The Wings of the Dove 鸽翼；The Ambassadors 大使；大使；The Golden Bowl The Golden Bowl 金碗金碗评论集：French Poets and Novelists 法国诗人和小说家法国诗人和小说家;Hawthorne 霍桑;Partial Portraits 不完全的画像;Notes and Reviews 札记与评论;Art of Fiction and Other Essays 小说艺术小说艺术Part 5. Local Colorism Mark Mark Twain Twain 马克·吐温（Samuel LonghorneClemens ）------美国文学的美国文学的一大里程碑一大里程碑 The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County 加拉维拉县有名的跳蛙;The Innocent ’s Abroad 傻瓜出国记;The ;The Gilded Gilded Gilded Age Age 镀金时代;The ;The Adventures Adventures Adventures of of of Tom Tom Tom Sawyer Sawyer 汤姆·索耶历险记;The Prince and the Pauper 王子与贫儿;The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 哈克贝利·费恩历险记;A Connecticut Connecticut Y Y ankee ankee in in in King King King Arthur Arthur Arthur’’s s Court Court 亚瑟王宫中的美国佬;The ;The Tragedy Tragedy Tragedy of of of Pudd Pudd Pudd’’nhead Wilson 傻瓜威尔逊;Personal ;Personal Recollections Recollections Recollections of of of Joan Joan Joan of of of Arc Arc 冉·达克;The ;The Man Man Man That That That Corrupted Corrupted Hadleyburg 败坏哈德莱堡的人How to Tell a Story 怎样讲故事怎样讲故事---对美国早期幽默文学的总结对美国早期幽默文学的总结Part 6. American Naturalism Stephen Stephen Crane Crane 斯蒂芬·克莱恩1871-19001871-1900Magic:A Girl of the Streets 街头女郎梅姬（美国文学史上首次站在同情立场上描写受辱妇女的悲惨命运）；The Red Badge of Courage 红色英勇勋章；The Open Boat 小划子;The Bride Comes to Y ellow Sky 新娘来到黄天镇新娘来到黄天镇 Frank Norris 弗兰克·诺里斯1870-19021870-1902Moran of the Lady Letty 茱蒂夫人号上的莫兰茱蒂夫人号上的莫兰（romantic ）;Mc-Teague 麦克提格（naturalistic ）;The Epic of the Wheat(realistic)小麦诗史(The Octopus 章鱼,The Pit 小麦交易所);A Deal in Wheat and Other Stories of the Old and New West 小麦交易所及其他新老西部故事小麦交易所及其他新老西部故事 Theodore Dreiser 西奥多·德莱塞1871-19451871-1945Sister Sister Carrie Carrie 嘉莉姐妹;Jennie ;Jennie Gerhardt Gerhardt 珍妮姑娘;Trilogy ;Trilogy of of of Desire Desire 欲望三部曲(Financer 金融家,The ,The Titan Titan 巨人,The ,The Stoic);An Stoic);An American Tragedy 美国的悲剧（被称为美国最伟大的小说）;Nigger Jeff 黑人杰弗黑人杰弗 Edwin Edwin Arlington Arlington Arlington Robinson Robinson鲁宾逊1869-1935 Captain Craig 克雷格上尉---诗体小说；The Town Down the River 河上的城镇;The Man Against the Sky 衬托着天空的人;Avon ’s Harvest 沃冯的收成;Collected Poems 诗集诗集 40、Jack London 杰克·伦敦1876-19161876-1916The Son of the Wolf 狼之子,The Call of the Wild 野性的呼唤;The Sea-wolf 海狼;White Fang 白獠牙;The People of the Abyss 深渊中的人们;The Iron Heel 铁蹄铁蹄;Marti Eden 马丁·伊登;How I become a Socialist 我怎样成为社会党人;The War of the Classes 阶级之间的战争;What Life Means to Me 生命对我意味着什么;Revolution 革命;Love ;Love of of of Life Life 热爱生命;The ;The Mexican Mexican 墨西哥人;Under ;Under the the Deck A wings 在甲板的天蓬下 Upton Upton Sinclair Sinclair 厄普顿·辛克莱尔1878-19681878-1968Spring and Harvest 春天与收获;The Jungle 屠场（揭发黑幕运动的代表作家）;King Coal 煤炭大王;Oil 石油;Boston 波士顿;Dragon ’s Teeth 龙齿龙齿 Part 7. The 1920s Imagism Ezra Ezra PoundPound 艾兹拉·庞德1885-19721885-1972 The Spirit of Romance 罗曼司精神罗曼司精神;The Anthology Des Imagistes 意像派诗选意像派诗选;Cathay 华夏（英译中国诗）;Literary ;Literary Essays Essays 文学论;Hugh ;Hugh Swlwyn Swlwyn Swlwyn Mauberley;A Mauberley;A Mauberley;A Few Few Few Don Don Don’’ts ts by by by Imagiste Imagiste 意像派戒条;Personage 面具;Polite ;Polite Essays Essays 文雅集;The Cantos of Ezra Pound 庞德诗章（109首及8首未完成稿）成稿）Thomas Thomas Stearns Stearns Stearns Eliot Eliot 托马斯·艾略特1888-19651888-1965 Prufrock and Other Observations 普罗夫洛克（荒原意识）普罗夫洛克（荒原意识）;The Waste Land 荒原(The Burial of the Dead 死者的葬礼;A Game of Chess 弈棋弈棋;The Fire Sermon 火诫;Death by Water 水边之死;What the Thunder Said 雷电之言); 名诗：Ash Wednesday 圣灰星期三;Four Quarters 四个四重奏四个四重奏诗剧：Murder in the Cathedral 大教堂谋杀案;Family Reunion 大团圆;Cocktail Party 鸡尾酒会鸡尾酒会Wallace Stevens 华莱士·史蒂文斯1879-19551879-1955 Harmonium 风琴;The Man With the Blue Guitar 弹蓝吉他的人;Notes Toward a Supreme Fiction 关于最高虚构的札记(Peter (Peter Quince Quince Quince at at at the the the Clavier Clavier 彼得·昆斯弹风琴;Sunday ;Sunday Morning Morning 礼拜天早晨);The Auroras of Autumn 秋天的晨曦;Collected Poems 诗集诗集William Carlos Williams 威廉·卡罗斯·威廉斯1883-19631883-1963 收入Des Imagistes 意像派（意像派的第一部诗选）诗集：Sour Grapes;Spring and All 春;The Desert Music;The Journey of Love 爱的历程;Collected Poems;Complete Poems;Collected Later Poems;Pictures from Brueghel 布留盖尔的肖像;Paterson 佩特森（5卷长诗）;Asphodal,That Green Flower 常青花日光兰（长诗）常青花日光兰（长诗）名诗：Red Wheelbarrow 红色手推车;The Widow ’s s Lament Lament in in Spring Spring 寡妇的春怨;The ;The Dead Dead Baby;The Sparrow ,to My Father 麻雀—致父亲;Proletarian Portrait 无产阶级画像（from An Early Martyr 先驱）; The Great American Novels 伟大的美国小说伟大的美国小说;In the American Grain 美国性格;Autobiography 自传自传 Robert Robert Frest Frest 罗伯特·弗罗斯特1874-19631874-1963 A Boy ’s Wish 少年心愿；North of Boston 波士顿之北(Mending Wall 修墙,After Apple-picking 摘苹果之后);Mountain Interval 山间（成熟阶段）(The Road Not taken 没有选择的道路没有选择的道路); West-running Brook 西流的溪涧;A Further Range 又一片牧场;A Witness Tree 一株作证的树一株作证的树Carl Carl Sandburg Sandburg 卡尔·桑德堡1878-19671878-1967 Always the Y oung Stranger 永远是陌生的年轻人s;In Reckless Ecstasy 肆无忌惮的狂热;The Prairie Y ears 草原的年代一、二;The War Y ears 战争的年代（林肯传记）;The American Songbag 美国歌袋;The People,Y es 人民，好;Honey and Salt 蜜与盐;Corn-huskers 辗米机（Fog 雾）;Smoke and Steel 烟与钢烟与钢E Cumings 肯明斯1894-1962 Tulips Tulips anddd anddd anddd Chimneys Chimneys 郁金香与烟囱;The ;The Enormous Enormous Enormous Room Room 大房间;XLI Poems 诗41首;Viva万岁;No ， Thanks 不，谢谢;Collected Poems 诗集;Eimi 爱米（访苏游记）F F Scott Scott Fitzgerald 弗朗西斯·菲茨杰拉德1896-1940(1896-1940(迷惘的一代迷惘的一代迷惘的一代)) The Side of Paradise 人间天堂人间天堂;The Beautiful and the Damned 美丽的和倒霉;The Great Gatsby 了不起的盖茨比;Tender in the Night 夜色温柔夜色温柔;The Last Tycoon 最后的巨头最后的巨头 短篇小说：Flappers and Philosophers 姑娘们和哲学家们;Tales of the Jazz 爵士时代的故事;Taps at Reveille 早晨的起床号→The Ice Palace 冰宫;May Days 五一节;The Diamond as Big as the Ritz 像里茨饭店那样大的钻石;Winter Dreams 冬天的梦;The Rich Boy 富家子弟;Babylon Revisted 重访巴比伦敦巴比伦敦 The Crack-up 崩溃（自传体文集）崩溃（自传体文集）Ernest Ernest Hemingway Hemingway 欧内斯特·海明威1899-1961（“迷惘的一代”的代表人物）惘的一代”的代表人物） In In Our Our Our Time Time 在我们的年代里;The ;The Torrents Torrents Torrents of of of Spring Spring 春潮;The ;The Sun Sun Sun Also Also Also Rises Rises 太阳照样升起;Farewell to Arms 永别了，武器;For Whom the Bell Tolls 丧钟为谁而鸣短篇小说：Men Men Without Without Without W W omen 没有女人的男人;The ;The Winners Winners Winners Take Take Take Notheing Notheing 胜者无所获;The Fifth Column and First Forty-nine Stories 第五纵队与首次发表的四十九个短篇政论：To Have and Have Not 贫与富贫与富 回忆录：A Moveable Feast 到处逍遥到处逍遥William Faulkner 威廉·福克纳1897-19621897-1962 The Marble Faun 云石林神（诗集）;Soldiers ;Soldiers’’ Pay 兵饷（小说）兵饷（小说）短篇小说：Dry September 干燥的九月;The Sound and the Fury 愤怒与喧嚣愤怒与喧嚣;As I lay dying 当我垂当我垂死的时候;Light in August 八月之光;Absalom,Absolam 押沙龙，押沙龙（家世小说）Sherwood Anderson 舍伍德·安德森1876-19411876-1941 Windy Windy McPherson McPherson McPherson’’s s Son Son 饶舌的麦克斐逊的儿子;Marching ;Marching Men Men 前进中的人们;Mid-American Chants 美国中部之歌;Winesburg,Ohio/The Book of the Grotesque 俄亥俄州的温斯堡俄亥俄州的温斯堡/畸人志;Poor White 穷苦的白人;Many Marriages 多种婚姻;Dark Laughter 阴沉的笑声The Triumph of the Egg and Other Stories 鸡蛋的胜利和其他故事;Death in the Woods and Other Stories 林中之死及其他故事;I Want to Know Why 我想知道为什么我想知道为什么我想知道为什么 Sinclair Lewis 辛克莱·刘易斯1885-1951(1885-1951(美国第一美国第一个获诺贝尔奖个获诺贝尔奖)) Dur Mr Wrenn 我们的雷恩先生;The Job 求职;The Main Street 大先进;Babbitt 巴比特;Arrowsmith艾罗史密斯;Elmer Gantry 艾尔默·甘特里;Dodsworth 多兹沃斯;It can ’t Happen Here 事情不会发生在这里;Kingsblood Royal 王孙梦王孙梦 V illa Sibert Cather 维拉·凯塞1873-19471873-1947 O,Pioneers 啊，先驱们;My Antonia我的安东尼亚;The Professor ’s House 教授之家;Death Comes for the Archibishop 大主教之死大主教之死Thomas Thomas W W olfe 托马斯·沃尔夫1900-19381900-1938 Look Homeward,Angel 天使，望乡→（续）Of Time and the River 时间与河流;The Web and the Rock 蛛网与岩石;Y ou Can ’t Go Home Again 有家归不得;The Hills Beyond 远山（未完成）远山（未完成）短篇小说：From Death to Morning 从死亡到早晨从死亡到早晨从死亡到早晨 Part 8. The 1930sJohn Dos Dos Passos Passos 帕索斯1896-1970 The Three Soldiers;Manhattan Transfer;U.S.A(The Forty-second Parallel;1919;The Big Money);District Money);District of of of Columbia Columbia 哥伦比亚大区(The (The Adventures Adventures Adventures of of of a a a Y Y oung oung Man Man 一个年轻人的冒险;Number One 第一号;The Grand Design 伟大的计划);Orient Express 东方特别快车（游记）东方特别快车（游记） John Steinbeck 约翰·斯坦贝克1902-19661902-1966 Cup Cup of of of Gold Gold 金杯;Tortilla ;Tortilla Flat Flat 煎饼房;In ;In Dubious Dubious Dubious Battle Battle 胜负未定;Of Mice and Men 鼠和人;The Grapes of Wrath 愤怒的葡萄;The Moon is Down 月亮下去了月亮下去了;Cannery Row 罐头厂街;The Pearl 珍珠短篇小说：The Red Pony 小红马(The Gift,The Great Mountains 大山大山;The Promise 许诺,The Leader of the People 人们的领袖) Part 9. Black American LiteratureFrederick Frederick Douglass Douglass 弗莱德里克·道格拉斯1817-1895 Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass an American Slave 弗莱德里克·道格拉斯，一个美国黑人的自述/My /My Bondage Bondage Bondage and and and My My My Freedom Freedom 我的枷锁与我的自由/The /The life life life and and and Time Time Time of of of Frederick Frederick Douglass 弗莱德里克·道格拉斯的生平与时代Booker T. Washington William E ·B Dubois 威廉·艾伯·杜波依斯1868-19631868-1963 Souls Souls of of of Black Black Black Folk Folk 黑人的灵魂(Of (Of Booker Booker Booker T T T Washington Washington and and Others);The Others);The Others);The Suppression Suppression Suppression of of of the the African Slave Trade into into the the the USA USA 制止非洲奴隶贸易进入美国;The Philadephia Negro;John Brown;The Black Flame 黑色的火焰（三部曲）James James Langston Langston Langston Hughes Hughes 詹姆斯·兰斯顿·休斯1902-19691902-1969Mulatto 混血儿（剧本）;The Weary Blues 疲倦的歌声;Dear Lovely Death 亲爱的死神;Shakespear in Harlem 哈莱姆的莎士比亚;I Wonder as I Wander 我漂泊我思考我漂泊我思考;The Best of Simple 辛普尔精选辛普尔精选辛普尔精选 Ralph Ellison 拉尔夫·埃利林1914-1914- 长篇小说：Invisible Man 看不见的人看不见的人散文集：Shadow and Act 影子与行动;Going to the Territory 步入文学界步入文学界James Baldwin 詹姆斯·鲍德温1924-19871924-1987散文集：Note of a Native Son 土生子的笔记;Nobody Knows My Name;Fire Next Time 下一次烈火;No Name in the Street 他的名字被遗忘;The Devil Finds Work 魔鬼找到工作 小说：Go Tell it on the Mountain 向苍天呼吁;Giovanni ;Giovanni’’s Room 乔万尼的房间;Another Country 另一个国度;Tell ;Tell Me Me Me How How How Long Long Long the the the Train Train Train’’s s Been Been Been Gone Gone 告诉我火车已开多久;If ;If Beale Beale Beale Street Street Street Could Could Talk 假如比尔能说话;Just Above My Head 就在我头上就在我头上短篇小说集：Going to Meet the Man 去见这个人去见这个人剧本：The Amen Corner 阿门角;Blues for Mister Charley 为查理先生唱布鲁斯/黑人怨;One Day When I was Lost 有一天当我迷失的时候有一天当我迷失的时候/迷路前后迷路前后Gwendolyn Brooks Part 10. American DramaEugene Oneil 尤金·奥尼尔1888-19531888-1953 独幕剧：Bound Bound East East East to to to Cardiff Cardiff 东航卡迪夫;The ;The Long Long Long V V oyage oyage Home Home 归途迢迢;The ;The Moon Moon Moon of of of the the Carribbeans 加勒比人之月多幕剧：Beyond the Horizon 天边外（其成名作）;Anna Christie 安娜·克里斯蒂;The Emperor Jones琼斯皇;The Hairy Ape 毛猿;All the God ’s Children Got Wings 上帝的儿女都有翅膀上帝的儿女都有翅膀The Great God Brown 大神布朗;The ;The Strange Strange Strange Interlude Interlude 奇异的插曲;Mourning ;Mourning Becomes Becomes Becomes Electr Electr 素娥怨/悲悼a;The Iceman Cometh 送冰的人来了;The Long Days Journey Into Night 进入黑夜的漫长旅程/日长路远夜常深沉夜常深沉Clifford Odets J J D D D Salinger Salinger 杰罗姆·大卫·塞林格1919-1919- 短篇小说：The Y oung Folks 年轻人年轻人 短篇小说集：Nine Stories 故事九篇中篇小说：Franny 弗兰尼;Zooey 卓埃;Raise ;Raise High High High the the the Roof Roof Roof Beam,Carpenters Beam,Carpenters 木匠们，把屋梁升高;Seymour:An Introduction 西摩其人西摩其人长篇小说：The Cather in the Rye 麦田守望者麦田守望者 Tennessee William 田纳西·威廉斯1911-19831911-1983 American Blues 美国的布鲁斯;Battle of Angels 天使的战斗;The Glass Menagerie 玻璃动物园;The Streetcar Streetcar Named Named Named Desire Desire 欲望号街车;Cat ;Cat on on on a a a Hot Tin Hot Tin Roof 热铁皮屋顶上的猫;The Night of of The The Iguana 鬣蜥之夜;Summer and Smoke 夏与烟;The Rose Tattoo 玫瑰纹;Sweet Bird of Y o ut out 可爱的青春鸟春鸟Arthur Arthur Miller Miller 阿瑟·米勒1915-1915- Situation Normal 情况正常;The Man Who Had All the Luck 吉星高照的人;All My Sons 都是我的儿子;The ;The Death Death Death of of of a a a Salesman Salesman 推销员;The ;The Crucible Crucible 严峻的考验/萨姆勒的女巫;A ;A V V iew iew from from from the the Bridge 桥头眺望;A Memory of Two Mondays 两个星期一的回忆;After the Fall 堕落之后堕落之后;Incident at V ichy 维希事件维希事件 ;The Price 代价;The Creation of the World and Other Business创世及其他;The Archbishop ’s Ceiling 大主教的天花板;The American Clock 美国时钟Edward Edward Albee Albee 爱德华·阿尔比1928-1928-The Zoo Story 动物园的故事;The Death of Bessie Smith 贝西·史密斯之死;The Sandbox 沙箱;The American Dream 美国梦;Who ’s Afraid of V irginia Woolf?谁害怕弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫;Tiny Alice 小爱丽丝;A ;A Delicate Delicate Delicate Balance Balance 脆弱的羊群;Seascape 海景;The ;The Lady Lady Lady from from from Dubuque Dubuque 来自杜布克的女人;The Man With Three Arms 在臂人在臂人 Part 11. The Post-W ar Scene: The Novel . PoetrySaul Bellow 索尔·贝娄1915-1915- 长篇小说：Dangling Man 晃来晃去/挂起来的人;The V ictim 受害者;The Adventure of Augie March 奥基·马奇历险记;Henderson the Rain King 雨王汉德逊雨王汉德逊;Herzog 赫索格;Mr Summlar’s Planet 塞姆勒先生的行星;Humboldt ’s Gift 洪堡的礼物洪堡的礼物中篇小说：Seize the Day 且乐今朝且乐今朝Norman Mailer 诺曼·米勒1923- (1923- (垮掉的一代；文垮掉的一代；文学恐怖主义者学恐怖主义者//亡命之徒亡命之徒)) 裸者与死者；Barbary Shore 巴巴里海滨;The Deer Park 廘苑;An American Dream 一场美国梦;The White Negro 白色黑人;Advertisement for Myself 为自己做广告;Why Are We in Vietnam?我们为什么要去越南;The Executioner ;The Executioner’’s Song 刽子手之歌;The Armies of the Night 夜色幕下的大军(History as a Novel/The Novel as History)—非虚构小说;New Journalism 新新闻报道新新闻报道Joseph Heller 约瑟夫·海勒1923-1923-长篇小说：Catch-22第二十二条军规;Something Happened 出了毛病;As Good as Gold 像高尔德像高尔德一样好一样好 剧本：We Bombed in New Haven 我们轰炸纽黑文我们轰炸纽黑文;Catch-22;Clevinger ;Catch-22;Clevinger’’s Trial 克莱文杰受审（据Catch-22第八章）第八章） John Barth 约翰·巴思1930-1930-长篇小说：The Floating Opera 漂浮的歌剧;The End of the Road 穷途末路;The Sot-weed Factor 烟草代理商;Letters 书信集;Giles ;Giles Goat-boy Goat-boy 山羊孩子贾尔斯;Lost ;Lost in in in the the the Funhouse Funhouse 迷失在开心馆里（Title 题目）;Chimera 客迈拉；客迈拉； Sabbatical 学院的轮休假;The ;The Friday Friday Friday Book:Essays Book:Essays Book:Essays and and and Other Other Nonfictions 星期五的书：论文及其他非小说 Thomas Pynchon 托马斯·品钦1937- (1937- (后现代后现代主义主义))Geography of a Horse Dreamer 马塞梦测者的地理;Angel City 天使城;The Tooth of Crime 罪恶的罪恶的牙齿;Family 家庭家庭 (Curse of the S tarving Class Starving Class 饥饿阶级的诅咒;Buried Child 被埋葬的孩子;True W est 真正的西部);Fool for Love 情痴;A Lie of the Mind 心灵的谎言;Paris/Texas 德州的巴黎德州的巴黎 Poetry: Stanley Kunitz Richard Wilbur Elizabeth Bishop Howard Nemerov 。
专八英美文学常识
英美文学1. William Faulkner is the author of ______.A. Far From the Modeling CrowdB. Sound and FuryC. For Whom the Bell TollsD. Scarlet Letter1. Robert Frost is a famous ______.A. novelistB. playwrightC. poetD. literary critic3. The Old Man and the Sea is one of the great works by ______A. Jack LondonB. Charles DickensC. Samuel Coleridge DEmest Hemingway4. Which of the following poets is different from the others?A. John Donne.B. John Keats.C. Lord Byron.D. Percy Bysshe Shelley.5. Which of the following is not written by William Shakespeare?A. Othello.B. The Tragical History of Dr. Faustus.C. Romeo and Juliet.D. The Twelfth Night.6. Beowulf narrates a story taking place in ______.A. the MediterraneanB. Northern EuropeC. EnglandD. Scandinavia7. ______ refers to some contrast or discrepancy between appearance and reality.A. AllegoryB. ConflictC. IronyD. Flashback8. William Wordsworth is an English _____.A. poetB. novelistC. playwrightD. critic9. The great transcendental work by Henry David Thoreau is ______.A. NatureB. WaldenC. ExperienceD. Essays10. James Joyce is the author of all the following novels EXCEPT ______.A. DublinersB. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young ManC. Jude the ObscureD. Ulysses11. The Bronte Sisters published the following famous novels EXCEPT ______.A. The Tenant of Wildfell HallB. Jane EyreC. Wuthering HeightsD. Agnes Grey12. In which novel can "Yahoo" be found?A. John Bunyan' s Pilgrim' s Progress.B. Edmund Spencer' s The Faerie Queen.C. Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels.D. Henry Fielding's Tom Jones.13. The Victorian Age was largely an age of ______, eminently represented by Dickens and Thackeray.A. pessimismB. naturalismC. modernismD. critical realism14. Mark Twain shaped the world' s view of America and made a combination of ______ andserious literature.A. American folk humorB. funny jokesC. English folkloreD. American values15. Who was the first American to achieve an international literary reputation after the Revolutionary War?A. Fennimore Cooper.B. Nathaniel Hawthorn.C. Walt Whitman.D. Washington Irving.16. Paradise Lost is a masterpiece by ______.A. Christopher MarlowB. John MiltonC. William ShakespeareD. Ben Jonson17. Have a Dream is addressed by ______.A. Abraham LincolnB. John F. KennedyC. Martin Luther KingD. Ralph Waldo Emerson18. Which of the following is NOT a poem by Emily Dickinson?A. This is my letter to the world.B. heard a fly buzz — when I died.C. This is just to say.D. Because I could not stop/or death.19. Eugene 0' Neil is an American ______.A. novelistB. playwrightC. poetD. essayist20. The Romantic Age in England came to an end with the death of ______.A. Jane AustinB. Walter ScottC. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD. William Wordsworth21. In the works of such aesthetics as ______ and Walter Pater, the theory of "art for art's sake" is advocated.A. Oscar WildeB. Mrs. GaskellC. Alexander PopeD. Charles Lamb22. Works by ______ are characterized by stream-of-consciousness.A. George EliotB. Jane AustenC. Emily BronteD. Virginia Woolf23. Who of the followings is a playwright of the "theater of absurd" ?A. John Osbom.B. Wystan Hugh Auden.C. Bernard Shaw.D. Samuel Beckett.24. The period from 1865—1914 has been referred to as the ______ in the literary history of the United States.A. Age of RealismB. Age of ClassicalismC. Age of RomanticismD. Age of Renaissance25. With "Collected Poems" , ______won the second Pulitzer Prize.A. Ezra PondB. e. e. cummingsC. Robert FrostD. William Cullen Bryant26. ______ belongs to the second period in Shakespeare' s three stages of writing career.A. The Merchant of VeniceB. Love' s Labor LostC. HamletD. The Tempest27. Grass is a poem written by ______.A. Walt WhitmanB. Carl SandburgC. Langston HughesD. Alien Ginsberg28. William Makepeace Thackeray' s most famous work is ______.A. The School for ScandalB. Past and PresentC. Major BarbaraD. Vanity Fair29. Dover Beach is written by ______.A. Robert BrowningB. Alfred TennysonC. Mathew ArnoldD. Dylan Thomas30. The period of Old English literature refers to ______.A. about 450 — 1066B. 14th century — mid-17th centuryC. 14th century — mid-ISA centuryD. 16th century — mid-18th century31. Moby Dick is the most important work by ______.A. Jack LondonB. Herman MelvilleC. Sinclair LewisD. Ralph Ellison32. 0. Henry earned his fame mainly for his ______.A. novelsB. poemsC. short storiesD. dramas33. Francis Bacon' s ______ is a great essay on education.A. The Advancement of LearningB. The Importance of Being EarnestC. The New AtlanticD. The Learned Reading upon the Statute of Uses34. ______ is NOT a novel of Francis Scott Fitzgerald.A. Tender Is the NightB. Anna ChristieC. The Beautiful and DammedD. The Great Gatsby35. The American literature in modem period is divided into two parts by the event ofA. the expatriate movementB. the Great DepressionC. the First World WarD. the Second World War36. Which of the following novels does NOT belong to Dreiser' s Trilogy of DesirefA. The Titan.B. The Financier.C. The "Genius".D. The Stoic.37. The followings are all Dickens' works EXCEPT______.A. Oliver TwistB. Moll FlandersC. Great ExpectationsD. Bleak House38. It is generally regarded that Keats' s most important and mature poems are in the form ofA. odeB. elegyC. epicD. sonnet39. The 1954 Nobel Prize for literature was awarded to ______ for his "mastery of the artof modem narration".A. William FaulknerB. John SteinbeckC. Saul BellowD. Ernest Hemingway40. Sister Carrie is a masterpiece of ______ work.A. romanticB. classicC. neo-classicD. naturalistic41. Who is the father of English poetry?A. Shakespeare.B. Edmund Spencer.C. John Milton.D. Geoffrey Chaucer.42. The Octopus is written by ______.A. Frank NorrisB. Sherwood AndersonC. Willa GatherD. Stephen Crane43. James Baldwin' s most famous short story is ______.A. A Rose/or EmilyB. The Story of an HowC. Sonny's BluesD. A Clean, Well-lighted Place44. John Galsworthy won the 1932 Nobel Price for his work ______.A. UlyssesB. Hard. TimesC. The Forsyte SagaD. Jude the Obscure45. Which of the following poems is NOT written by George Gordon Byron?A. She Walks in Beauty.B. The Solitary Reaper.C. When We Two Parted.D. Childe Harold's Pilgrimage.46.______wrote several novels with the name of "Rabbit".A. Arthur MillerB. Thomas PynchonC. John UpdikeD. Wallace Stevens47. The Road Not Taken is a poem written by ______.A. Robert FrostB. LongfellowC. Ezra PondD. Carl Sandburg48. "God help them that help themselves" is found in ______' s work.A. FranklinB. FreneauC. JeffersonD. Paine49. T. S. Eliot' s most famous long poem is ______.A. The Love Song of J. Alfred Pru/rockB. A Boy's WillC. The Waste LandD. The Golden Bough50. ______ is often credited with writing the first true " novel of incident".A. John BanyanB. Henry FieldingC. Samuel RichardsonD. Daniel Defoe51. Daisy Miller is a great work by ______.A. Henry JamesB. Mark TwainC. DreiserD. Stowe52. Hester is a character in ______.• A. Cone with the Wind B. The Fall of the House of UsherC. BabbittD. Scarlet Letter53. Jack London' s ______ is his patently autobiographical novel.A. The Call of the WildB. The Sea WolfC. Martin EdenD. The Iron Heel54. William Golding' s first and most well-known novel is ______.A. Coral IslandB. Lord of the FliesC. Treasure IslandD. The Brass Butterfly55. "To be, or not to be" is quoted from ______.A. King Lear BHamletC. Julius CaesarD. Romeo and Juliet56. The first book of the Old Testament is called ______.A. ExodusB. NumbersC. LeviticusD. Genesis57. The black man Jim is a character in Mark Twain' s ______.A. The Adventures of Tom SawyerB. The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnC. Life on the MississippiD. The Prince and the Pauper58. 0 Captain} My Captain\ was written in memory of ______.A. Walt WhitmanB. Benjamin FranklinC. Abraham LincolnD. Martin Luther King59. Which of the following works is NOT written by D. H. Lawrence?A. Women in Love.B. Sores and Lovers.C. The Rainbow.D. The French Lieutenant' s Woman.60. Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between ______ and ______ centuries.A. 14th/mid-17thB. 14th/mid-18thC. 16th/mid-18thD. 16th/mid-17th61. The Crapes of Wrath is the masterpiece of ______.A. John SteinbeckB. John CheeverC. John UpdikeD. John DOS Passes62. _____ is NOT a play written by Tennessee Williams.A. Cat on a Hot Tin RoofB. The Class MenagerieC. Light in AugustD. A Streetcar Named Desire63. Robert Bums is a poet from ______.A. EnglandB. New EnglandC. IrelandD. Scotland64. Look Back in Anger is a play written by ______.A. John OsbomeB. Samuel BeckettC. Edward AlbeeD. Eugene O'Neil65. ______ is a popular literary form in the medieval period.A. RomanceB. NovelC. SonnetD. Drama66. Seize the Day is regarded the best novel written by ______.A. Flannery 0'ConnerB. Saul BellowC. Ralph EllisonD. Sherwood Anderson67. ______ is NOT among the postwar poets in modem American literature.A. Robert LowellB. Gary SynderC. Alien GinsbergD. e. e. cummings68. William Blake' s The Tiger is collected in ______.A. Songs of InnocenceB. Songs of ExperienceC. Marriage of Heaven and HellD. Poetical Sketches69. The image of the famous "henpecked husband" is created by ______.A. Washington IrvingB. Fennimore CooperC. Edith Wharton D William Dean Howells70. ______ is known as "the poet' s poet".A. ShakespeareB. MarloweC. SpenserD. Donne71. The literary spokesman of the Jazz is often thought to be ______.A. O'NeilB. PoundC. Robert FrostD. Scott Fitzgerald72. ______was the most important person of the transcendental club.A. HawthornB. WhitmanC. EmersonD. Thoreau73. Shylock is a character in ______.A. The Merchant of VeniceB. The Twelfth NightC. The Winter's TaleD. Macbeth74. The compiler of A Dictionary of the English Language is ______.A. Joseph AddisonB. Richard SteeleC. Samuel JohnsonD. Laurence Stem75. The main theme of Emily Dickinson is the following EXCEPTA. religionB. love and marriageC. life and deathD. war and peace76. American fiction in the 1960s and 1970s proves different from its predecessors. It is referred to as ______.A. imagismB. black humorC. new fictionD. the Beat Generation77. Together with Lawrence and Joyce, ______ is considered one of the three giants ot the modem English novel and a master of English prose.A. Henry JamesB. Joseph ConradC. E. M. ForsterD. Aldous Huxley78. This line "If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?" is quoted from ______.A. Don Juan C Kubia KhanC. To AutumnD. Ode to the West Wind79. Stephen Crane is famous for ______.A. An American TragedyB. The AmbassadorsC. Main StreetD. The Red Badge of Courage80. "Belinda smiled, and all the world was gay". What is the figure oi this speech?A. Hyperbole.B. Simile.C. Metaphor.D. Synecdoche.81. ______ has won the Pulitzer Prize four times and Nobel Prize.A. Ernest HemingwayB. John SteinbeckC. Eugene 0' NeilD. William Faulkner82. Golden Notebook is a feminist novel written by ______.A. Amy TanB. Doris LessingC. Flannery 0' ConnorD. Kate Chopin83. Which of the following poems is written by W. H. Auden?A. Sailing to ByzantiumB. To an Athlete Dying YoungC. Musee des Beaux ArtsD. Church Going84. Beloved is the masterpiece of ______.A. Tony MorrisonB. Ralph EllisonC. John DOS PassesD. Willa Gather85.______, the author of The Interpretation of Dreams has great impact on literary creation and criticism.A. Carl JungB. Jean-Paul SartreC. Friedrich Wilhelm NietzscheD. Sigmund Freud86. Henry Fielding is the author of the great 18th century English novel, ______.A. The History of Tom Jones, a FoundlingB. PamelaC. Moll FlandersD. The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy87. Tess is a character created by ______.A. D. H. LawrenceB. James JoyceC. Thomas HardyD. Dylan Thomas88. The sentence "Shall I compare thee to a summer' s day" is quoted from Shakespe-A. comediesB. tragediesC. historiesD. sonnets89. Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of Modernism?A. To elevate the individual and inner being over the social being.B. To put the stress on traditional values.C. To portray the distorted and alienated relationships between man and his environment.D. To advocate a conscious break with the past.90. In A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning, John Donne compares the lovers ' souls to ______.A. two rosesB. two circlesC. sun and moonD. twin compasses91. Utopia is ______' s work.A. Thomas MoreB. Francis BaconC. John DrydenD. George Herbert92. One of the Prime Ministers of Britain has won the Nobel Prize for literature, and that is ______.A. Margaret ThatcherB. Tony BlairC. Winston ChurchillD. John Major93. "Beauty is truth, truth beauty" is an epigrammatic line by ______.A. John KeatsB. William BlakeC. William WordsworthD. Percy Bysshe Shelley94. Whitman' s poems are characterized by all the following features EXCEPT ______.A. a strict poetic formB. a simple and conversational languageC. a free and natural rhythmic patternD. an easy flow of feelings95. Who initiated the name of the Lost Generation?A. Hemingway.B. Fitzgerald.C. Gertrude Stein.D. William Faulkner.96. My Last Duchess is a monologue poem written by ______.A. William ShakespeareB. Robert BrowningC. Ben JonsonD. Robert Herrick97. The high tide of Romanticism in American literature occurred around ______.A. 1820B. 1850C. 1880D. 192098. The title of Alfred Tennyson' s poem "Ulysses" reminds the reader of the following EXCEPT______.A. the Trojan WarB. Homer's OdysseyC. adventures over the seaD. religious quest99. As a literary figure, Heathcliff appears in ______.A. Jane EyreB. Oliver TwistC. Wuthering HeightsD. Middlemarch100. The publication of ______ established Emerson as the most eloquent spokesman of the New England Transcendentalism.A. NatureB. Self-RelianceC. The Over-SoulD. The American Scholar101. ______ is considered to be the best-known English dramatist since Shakespeare, and his representative works are plays inspired by social criticism.A. Richard SheridanB. Oliver GoldsmithC. Oscar WildeD. Bernard Shaw102. Chinese poetry and philosophy have exerted great influence over ______.A. Ezra PoundB. Ralph Waldo EmersonC. Robert FrostD. Emily Dickinson103. The success of Jane Eyre is partly due to its introduction to the English novel the first ______ heroine.A. explorerB. peasantC. workerD. governess104. ______ is the representative work of the Beat Generation.A. The Great CatshyB. On the RoadC. Look Back in AngerD. The Sun Also Rises105. Emily Grierson is a literary figure created by ______.A. Willa GatherB. Doris LessingC. William FaulknerD. Nathaniel Hawthorn106. The most significant idea of the Renaissance is ______.A. humanismB. realismC. naturalismD. skepticism107. The title of Thackeray' s "Vanity Fair" is taken from __A. The Holy BibleB. The Faerie QueenC. The Pilgrim' s ProgressD. Paradise Lost108. Mr. Micawber in David Coppeifield and Sam Well in Pickwick Papers are perhaps I best ______ characters created bv Charles Dickens.A. comicB. tragicC. roundD. sophisticated109. Thomas Pynchon can also be categorized as a Black Humor writer, as well as ______ writer.A. classicalB. transcendentalC. postmodernist D realistic110. Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard is written by ______.A. Ben JonsonB. Thomas GrayC. William WordsworthD. William Blake111. Who is considered the father of American poetrv?A. Philip Freneau.B. William Cullen Bryant.C. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. D Henry David Thoreau.112. In America,there is "a little woman started a great war". Who is she?A. Anne BradstreetB. Harriet Beecher StoweC. Edith WhartonD. Catharine Anne Porter113. Waiting/or Godot is a ______.A. poemB. playC. short storyD. novel114. Which of the following poets has once won the Nobel Prize?A. William Butler Yeats.B. Thomas Hardy.C. Wystan Hugh Auden.D. Dylan Thomas.115. ______ is NOT written by Edgar Allan Poe.A. The RavenB. Annabel LeeC. The Fall of the House of UsherD. Song to Celia116. Arthur Miller is an American ______.A. novelistB. poetC. playwrightD. essayist117. Mr. Darcy is a character in ______.A. Tess of the D' UrbervillesB. Pride and PrejudiceC. Happy PrinceD. The Mill on the Floss118. Iceberg Theory is a writing principle proposed and closely followed by ______.A. Jack LondonB. Sinclair LewisC. William FaulknerD. Ernest Hemingway119. ______ is featured by black humor.A. CaricatureB. Catch-22C. The Catcher in the Rye C. Death of a Salesman120. Who is the only woman writer that has won both Pulitzer Prize and Nobel Prize?A. Pearl Buck.B. Virginia Woolf.C. Tony Morrison.D. Katharine Mansfield.。
专八英美文学和语言学知识总结
一．古英语时期（Old English Literature 公元499—1066 年）古英语时期（—英国文学开山之作：头韵体诗歌（《贝奥武甫》（Beowulf）头韵体诗歌（alliteration））开德蒙（Caedmon）：《赞美诗》（Anthem）琴涅武甫（Cynewulf）：《十字架之梦》（Dream of the Rood）比德（Bede）：《英吉利人教会史》（Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum）阿尔弗雷德大帝（King Alfred）：《盎格鲁—撒克逊编年史》（Anglo-Saxon Chronicle），被誉为“英国散文之父”Father “英国散文之父”（of English Prose））世纪）二．中古英语时期（Medieval English Literature 公元1066 年—15 世纪）中古英语时期（头韵体诗歌：《高文爵士和绿衣骑士》（Sir Gawain and the Green Knight）英国名谣：《罗宾汉名谣集》（The Robin Hood Ballads）威廉·兰格伦（William Langland）：《农夫皮尔斯的幻想》（The Vision Concerning piers the Plowman）杰弗里·乔叟（Geoffrey Chaucer）：英国中世纪最伟大的诗人诗人，享有“英国诗歌之父英国诗歌之父”的美誉（Father of English Poetry）。
诗人英国诗歌之父（）代表作：八音节（octosyllabic）英雄双韵体（heroic couplet）诗歌八音节（（The 八音节）英雄双韵体（）诗歌《坎特布雷故事集》Canterbury Tales）。
托马斯·马洛礼（Sir Thomas Malory）：英国15 世纪优秀的散文家，代表作为《亚瑟王之死》散文家（Le Morte d’Arthur）散文世纪末—世纪）三．文艺复兴时期（Renaissance 15 世纪末—17 世纪）文艺复兴时期（托马斯·莫尔（Thomas More）：伟大的人文主义者人文主义者，代表作：《乌托邦》（Utopia）《国王爱德华五世悲戚的一生》，（The 人文主义者painful Life of Edward Ⅴ）. 托马斯·魏厄特（Thomas Wyatt）和亨利·霍华德（Henry Howard）的十四行诗（Sonnet）。
专八英美文学常识整理(综合版)
British Literature1.450-1066Old Englisha)Beowulf(7th-8th)头韵alliteration1.Pagan heroism&Fatalism&Christian2.Poem3.Scene:Denmark2.1066-1485Medieval Age French/Latina)Caedmon(610-680)the earliest English poet1.Caedmon’s Hymnb)Bede(673-735)Father of Historiography英国史学之父1.Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorumc)King Alfred(848-901)Wessex Father of English Prose1.Anglo-Saxon Chronicled)William Langland(1332-1400)1.Piers the Plowmane)Geoffrey Chaucer(1343-1400)Father of English Poetry;1st to use Heroic Couplet英雄双行体;Poet of Westminster Abbey1.The Canterbury Tales24stories2.The Romaunt of the Rose翻译的发过作品3.The Legend of good Women4.The House of Famef)The Gawain-Poet(无名诗人)1.Sir Gawain and the Green Knight(1360-1370)头韵alliterationg)Sir Thomas Malory(1405-1471)1.Le Morte d’Arthur(The Death of Arthur)(1470)第一部关于亚瑟王传奇故事的英语散文作品3.14th-17th Renaissance Humanism;Poetry&Poeticdramaa)Thomas More(1478-1535)Humanist1.Utopiab)Philip Sidney(1554-1586)the complete man1.Astrophel and Stella被认为是伊丽莎白时代除莎士比亚外最好的十四行诗2.The Defence of Poesie(or Apology for Poetry)最早英语散文之一c)Edmund Spenser(1552-1599)Poet’s poet;Spenserian Stanza1.The Faerie Queene Allegorical work dedicated to Queen ElizabethⅠ2.The Shepherd Calendard)Francis Bacon(1561-1626)唯物主义；现代科学；1st English essayist1.Essays58篇2.The Advancement of Learning3.The New Instrumente)Christopher Marlowe(1564-1593)greatest of the pioneers of English Drama;most gifted ofthe“university wits”;blank verse1.Tamburlaine人性对权力的渴求2.Te Tragical History of Doctor Faustus人性对知识、幸福的渴求f)William Shakespeare(1564-1616)Ben Johnson:was not of an age,but for all timei.154sonnets:first126addressed to the young nobleman;later28to Dark Ladyii.4tragedies:Hamlet;King Lear;Othello;Macbethedies:A Midsummer Night’s DreamAs you like itMerchant of VeniceTwelfth NightMuch Ado About Nothing无事生非The Taming of the Shrew驯悍记iv.Tragicomedy:Romeo and Julietv.Chronicle Play:1.亨利六、四、五、八世2.理查德三、二世3.凯撒4.Cleopatra克莉奥帕特拉vi.Miracle Play:1.Pericles2.Cymbeline3.The Winter’s Tale4.The Tempestg)Ben Johnson(1572-1637)Forerunner of classicism;first Poet Laureate1.Every Man in His Humour个性互异2.Song:To Celia英语中最有名的爱情诗之一3.Volpone4.The Alchemist炼金术士h)John Donne(1572-1631)Metaphysical school of poetry奇特的比喻1.Songs and Sonnets best known poem collection;Love主题2.The Flea3.The Sun Rising4.The Holy Sonnets5.Death,Be Not Proud6.Go and Catch a Falling Star7.A Valediction:Forbidding Mourningi)John Milton(1608-1674)1st to use blank verse in non-dramatic works1.Paradise Lost12books;from Old Testment;a revolt against God’s authority2.Paradise Regained New Testment;how Christ overcame Santa3.Samson Agonistes poetical drama;Book of Judges士师记4.Defence of the English people5.Second Defence of the English People4.Mid17th-18th Neoclassical Period early17th:Age of Milton;late17th:Age ofDrydenPoetryMetaphysical poets:17th初受John Donne影响a)John Dryden(1631-1700)Father of English Criticism、桂冠诗人1.All for Love2.Alexander’s Feast3.An Essay of Dramatic Poesy使其成为当时最杰出的批评家b)John Bunyan(1628-1688)英国文学史上首位小说家1.The Pilgrim’s Progress成名作religious allegory与《神曲》（但丁）、《忏悔录》（奥古斯丁）并称为世界三大宗教题材文学杰作2.The Holy War3.The life and Death of Mr.Badmanc)Samuel Pepys(1633-1731)17th最伟大的diaristd)Daniel Defoe(1660-1731)Father of English and European novels现实主义小说代表作家1.Robison Crusoe2.A journal of the Plague year3.Captain Singletone)Jonathan Swift(1667-1745)以Satirical Prose闻名1.Gulliver’s Travel2.A Tale of a Tub3.A Modest proposal4.The Drapier’s lettersf)Alexander Pope(1688-1744)英雄双行体登峰造极1.An Essay on Criticism2.An Essay on Man3.The Rape of the Lock4.Odysseyg)Samuel Richardson(1689-1761)founder of the English domestic novel现实主义小说代表作家1.Pamela2.Clarissa3.The History of Sir Charles Grandisonh)Henry Fielding(1707-1754)现实主义小说先驱，现实注意理论奠基人1.Amelia2.The History of Tom Jones,a Foundling代表作，获称Prose Homer3.Joseph Andrewsi)Samuel Johnson(1709-1784)著名词汇家，第一部英语字典的编者1.A Dictionary of the English Language2.The Vanity of Human Wishes3.Londonj)Lawrence Sterne(1713-1768)k)Thomas Gray(1716-1771)1.Elegy Written in a country churchyard2.Ode on the springl)Oliver Goldsmith(1730-1774)1.The Vicar of Wakefield2.She Stoops to Conquerm)Richard Brinsley Sheridan(1751-1816)18世纪最伟大的剧作家1.The school for the scandal2.The Rivals5.Mid-18th–mid-19th Romantic Perioda)Robert Burns(1759-1796)苏格兰最伟大的诗人；前浪漫主义代表诗人1.A Red,Red Rose2.Auld Lang Syme3.The Tree of Liberty4.Holy Willie’s Praiser5.My Heart’s in the Highlands6.A Man’s A Man for A’That7.Poems Chiefly in the Scottish Dialectb)William Blake(1767-1827)19世纪浪漫主义先驱1.Songs of Experience2.Songs of Innocence3.Poetical Sketches4.The marriage of heaven and hellc)William Wordsworth(1770-1850)湖畔诗人最杰出代表；1843桂冠诗人1.Lyrical Ballads2.To the Cuckoo3.My Heart leaps upd)Walter Scott(1771-1832)Father of Historical NovelEdinburg1.Ivanhoe英国历史为背景2.Waverley3.The Black Dwarf4.Rob Roy苏格兰历史为背景5.Old Mortality6.Quentin Durward欧洲其他国家历史为背景7.The Lady of the Lake8.The Minstrlsy of the Scottish Bordere)Samuel Taylor Coleridge(1772-1834)湖畔诗人1.Kubla Khan忽必烈汗2.The Rime of the Ancient Mariner3.The Fall of the Bastille4.Christabelf)Robert Southey(1774-1843)湖畔诗人；1813桂冠诗人1.Joan of Arc圣女贞德2.The Battle of Blenheim3.My Days among the Dead Are Past4.Thalaba the Destroyer5.The Curse of Kehamag)Charles Lamb(1775-1834)散文家1.Tales from Shakespeare2.Essays of Elia3.New Year’s Eve4.The Praise of Chimney Sweepers5.Old Chinah)Jane Austen(1775-1817)1.Emma2.Sense and Sensibility3.Pride and Prejudice4.Mansfield Park5.Persuasioni)George Gordon Byron(1788-1824)1.Cain2.Don Juan3.Childe Harold’s Pilgrimagej)Percy Bysshe Shelley(1792-1822)1.Ode to the West Wind2.Ode to the Skylark3.Prometheus unbounded4.The Necessity of Atheism5.Queen Mabk)John Keats(1795-1821)1.Ode to Autumn2.Ode to a nightingale3.Ode on a Grecian um希腊古瓷颂4.Isabellal)Mary Shelley(1797-1851)1.Frankenstein第一部科幻小说6.1836-1901Victorian Perioda)Elizabeth Barrett Browning(1806-1861)1.Sonnets from the Portuguese2.The Cry of the Childrenb)Alfred Tennyson(1809-1892)19th最高产的诗人;1850桂冠诗人；Poet of thePeople1.In Memoriam悼念朋友A.H.Hallam2.The Princess3.Idylls of the King4.Break,Break,Break5.Poems by Two Brothers6.Enoch Arden7.Maudc)Mrs.Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell(1810-1865)英国小说史上首批把工人阶级与资本家的斗争些人小说的作家之一1.Mary Barton2.Life of Charlotte Bronte3.North and Southd)William Makepeace Thackeray(1811-1863)critical realism1.Vanity Fair塑造了19th贵族资产阶级的典型形象2.Henry Esmond3.The Newcomese)Charles Dickens(1812-1870)1.Oliver Twist2.The Pickwick Papers3.Sketches by Boz4.The Old Curiosity Shop5.David Copperfield his favorite6.Dombey and Son7.American Notes8.A Tale of Two Cities French Revolution;Paris,London9.Bleak House10.Hard Times11.Great Expectationsf)Robert Browning(1812-1889)诗人及剧作家;戏剧独白诗Dramatic monologues1.My Last Duchess独白诗代表2.Men and Women3.The Ring and the Book奠定位列伟大诗人的作品4.Home Thoughts from Abroad5.Meeting at Night6.Dramatic Lyrics7.Strafford8.Dramatic Romances an Lyricsg)Charlotte Bronte(1816-1855)1.Jane Eyre女性主义代表作品2.Shirleyh)Emily Bronte(1818-1848)1.Wuthering Heights诗歌式的语言，多视角i)Anne Bronte(1820-1849)1.Agnes Greyj)George Eliot(1819-1880)原名：Mary Ann Evans;Realism;Psychological insights“1st novelist to start putting al the actions inside”--DH Lawrence1.Adam Bede2.The Mill on the Floss3.Silas Marner4.Middlemarchk)William Morris(1830-1896)principal founder of the British Arts and Crafts movement1.The Earthly Paradise2.News form Nowhere3.A Dream of John Ball4.Chants of Socialism5.Pilgrims of Hopel)Thomas Hardy(1840-1928)Wessex多数小说展开的地点，古七国之一1.Far from the Madding Crowd2.Jude the Obscure3.Tess of the D’Urbervilles男人无法掌控自己的命运4.The Mayor of Casterbridge5.The Return of the Nativem)Robert Stevenson(1850-1894)苏格兰散文家、诗人、小说家；新浪漫主义杰出代表1.Treasure Island金银岛2.The Strange Case of Dr.Jekyll and Mr.Hyde化身博士3.Kidnapped4.New Arabian Nights新天方夜谭5.A Child’s Garden of Verses6.Travels with a Donkey in the Cevennes7.An Inland Voyagen)Oscar Wilde(1854-1900)爱尔兰诗人、剧作家、小说家、散文家、Aestheticism 唯美主义代表1.The Importance of Being Earnest2.The Picture of Dorian Gray唯一的小说dy Windermere’s Fan4.The Happy Prince and Other Tales5.AN Ideal Husband6.A Woman of No Importanceo)Joseph Conrad(1857-1924)波兰裔小说家1.The Nigger of the Narcissus2.Heart of Darkness黑暗之心3.Lord Jim吉姆老爷4.Youth7.20th Modern Perioda)George Bernard Shaw(1856-1950)生于爱尔兰都柏林1925诺奖1.Major Barbara2.Mrs.Warren’s Profession3.Widowers’Houses Joan4.Pygmalion改编成音乐剧My Fair Lady5.Saint Joan圣女贞德赢得诺奖6.The Quintessence of Ibsenism7.John Bull’s Other Island8.Man and Supermanb)William Butler Yeats(1865-1939)爱尔兰诗人、剧作家；1923首位爱尔兰诺奖得主；早期英国象征主义symbolism诗歌代表1.When you are Old2.The Autumn of the Body3.The Wind among the Reeds4.The Land of Heart’s Desire5.The Tower6.The Wild Swan at Coole7.Sailing to Byzantium8.The Second Coming9.Leda and the Swanc)Herbert George Wells(1866-1946)forerunner of modern science fiction1.The Time Machined)John Galsworthy(1867-1933)20th realistic writer;1932诺奖1.The Forsyte Saga most famous trilogya)The Man of Propertyb)In Chanceryc)To Let2.A Modern Comedya)The White Monkeyb)The Silver Spoonc)Swan Song剧本：3.The Silver Box4.Strifee)W.S.Maugham(1874-1965)剧作家，小说、短篇小说家1.Of Human Bondage2.The Moon and Sixpencef) E.M.Forster(1879-1970)讽刺；20th社会阶级不平等及伪善1.A Room with a View2.A Passage to India3.Where Angels Fear to Tread4.Howards Endg)James Joyce(1882-1941)意识流1.Dubliners短篇小说集；共15篇；20世纪中下层市民生活2.A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man半自传体3.Ulysses现代主义在文学的重要体现；非传统小说；现代散文体史诗；4.Finnegans Wakeh)Virginia Woolf(1882-1941)stream of consciousness；poetic style;feminist1.Mrs.Dalloway2.A Room of One’s Own3.To the Lighthouse4.The Waves5.Three Guineas6.Jacob’s Room7.Orlandoi)David Herbert Lawrence(1885-1930)小说家、诗人1.Sons and Lovers自传体小说；Oedipus Complex2.The Rainbow3.The White Peacock4.Women in Love结构上比其他的小说更出色dy Chatterley’s Loverwrence Trilogy:a)A Collier’s Friday Nightb)The Daughter-in-Lawc)The Widowing of Mrs.Holroyedj)T.S.Eliot(1888-1965)1948诺奖；modernist；诗人；剧作家；评论家1.The Love Song of J.Alfred Prufrock戏剧独白诗；意识流2.Ash Wednesday3.The Waste Land一战后人们精神上的堕落4.Four Quartets后期主要诗作k)Katharine Mansfield(1888-1923)女；英国小说家1.Bliss2.The Garden Partyl)George Orwell(1903-1950)novelist&journalist1.Animal Farm2.19843.Homage to Catalonia记述西班牙内战m)Samuel Beckett(1906-1989)1969诺奖，forerunner of Absurd Drama荒诞派戏剧1.Waiting for Godotn)William Golding(1911-1994)小说家，诗人，剧作家，诺奖1.Lord of the Flies2.The Inheritorso)Doris Lessing(1919-2013)2007诺奖1.The Golden Notebookp)John Osborne(1929-1994)Angry Young Man领军人物1.Look Back in AngerAmerican Literaturete-16th-mid-17th Literature o Colonial Settlementsa)The Bay Psalmbook first book in Anglo-America;希伯来文-->英文b)John Smith(1580-1631)1.A True Relation of Virginia2.A Map of Virginia:with a Description of the Countryc)Anne Bradstreet(1612-1672)1st notable poet1.The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America2.Contemplationsd)Edward Taylor(1642-1729)conservative Puritan minister;Metaphysical Poets1.God’s Determinations Touching his Electe)Jonathan Edwards(1703-1758)most famed preachers of the Great Awakening1.Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God2.The Freedom of the Will3.The Great Doctrine of Original Sin defended4.The Nature of True Virtue2.mid-17th-18th Revolution of Independencea)Benjamin Franklin(1706-1790)1.A Modest Inquiry into the Nature and Necessity of a Paper Money;2.Poor Richard’s Almanack穷查理历书；3.The Way to Wealth致富之道；4.The Autobiography自传b)Thomas Paine(1737-1909)1.The Case of the Officers of Excise税务员问题；mon Sense常识；3.American Crisis美国危机；4.Rights of Man人的权利：5.Downfall of Despotism专制体制的崩溃；6.The Age of Reason理性时代c)Philip Freneau(1752-1832)poet of American revolution;father of American Poetry1.The British Prison Ship英国囚船；2.The Rising Glory of America蒸蒸日上的美洲；3.To the Memory of the Brave Americans纪念美国勇士-----同类诗中最佳；4.The Wild Honeysuckle野金银花；5.The Indian Burying Ground印第安人殡葬地(lyric)d)Phillis Wheatley(1754-1784)美国史上首位黑人女诗人1.On Messrs Hussey and Coffine)William Dunlap(1766-1839)美国喜剧先驱1.History of the American Theater2.Major Andre3.18th-19th Romanticisma)Washington Irving(1783-1859)美国文学之父1.A History of New York纽约的历史-----美国人写的第一部诙谐文学杰作；2.The Sketch Book见闻札记浪漫注意的开端，美国文学史上第一部短篇小说集a)The Legend of Sleepy Hollow睡谷的传说-----使之成为美国第一个获得国际声誉的作家；b)Rip Van Winkle3.Bracebridge Hall布雷斯布里奇田庄；4.Talks of Travellers旅客谈；5.The Alhambra阿尔罕伯拉b)James Fenimore Cooper(1789-1851)frontier sagas and sea adventure tales1.The Spy间谍;2.The Pilot领航者;3.The Littlepage Manuscripts利特佩奇的手稿;4.Leather Stocking Tales皮裹腿故事集:a)The Pioneer拓荒者；b)The Last of Mohicans最后的莫希干人;c)The Prairie大草原;d)The Pathfinder探路者;e)The Deerslayer杀鹿者c)William Cullen Bryant(1794-1878)1.To a Waterfowl用美国英语写作的最完美的短诗2.Thanatpsis3.The Yellow Violetd)Ralph Waldo Emerson(1803-1882)Transcendentalism运动领袖1.Concord Hymn康考德颂;2.The Rhodo杜鹃花;3.The Humble Bee野蜂;4.Days日子-首开自由诗之先河5.Essays散文集:6.Nature论自然新英格兰超验主义者的宣言The Bible of Transcendentalism;Manifesto of American Transcendentalism;7.The American Scholar论美国学者;Intellectual Declaration of Independence8.Divinity;The Oversoul论超灵9.Self-reliance论自立;10.The Transcendentalist超验主义者;11.Representative Men代表人物;12.English Traits英国人的特征;13.School Address神学院演说e)Nathaniel Hawthorne(1804-1864)人性的原罪1.Twice-told Tales尽人皆知的故事2.Mosses from an Old Manse古屋青苔:Young Goodman Brown年轻的古德曼·布朗3.The Scarlet Letter红字1st symbolic novel;Hester Prynne4.The House of the Seven Gables有七个尖角阁的房子--------心理若们罗曼史5.Fanshaw6.The Blithedale Romance福谷传奇7.The Marble Faun玉石雕像f)Henry Wadsworth Longfellow(1807-1882)诗人角1.The Song of Hiawatha海华沙之歌----美国人写的第一部印第安人史诗2.Voices of the Night夜吟3.Ballads and Other Poens民谣及其他诗4.Belfry of Bruges and Other Poems布鲁茨的钟楼及其他诗5.Tales of a Wayside Inn路边客栈的故事6.诗集：a)An April Day四月的一天b)A Psalm of Life人生礼赞最出名的一首短诗c)Paul Revere’s Ride保罗·里维尔的夜奔d)Evangeline伊凡吉琳e)The Courtship of Miles Standish迈尔斯·斯坦迪什的求婚----叙事长诗；f)Poems on Slavery奴役篇---反蓄奴组诗g)Edgar Allan Poe(1809-1848)father of psychoanalytic criticism and detective story1.Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque怪诞奇异故事集2.Tales故事集3.The Fall of the House of Usher厄舍古屋的倒塌4.Ligeia莱琪儿5.Annabel Lee安娜贝尔·李-----歌特风格；6.Tamerlane and Other Poems帖木儿和其他诗7.Al Araaf,Tamerlane and Minor Poems艾尔·阿拉夫，帖木儿和其他诗8.The Raven and Other Poems乌鸦及其他诗:a)The Raven乌鸦b)The City in the Sea海城c)Israfel伊斯拉菲尔d)To Hellen致海伦h)Henry David Thoreau(1817-1862)1.Walden2.Civil Disobedience3.A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Riversi)Herman Melville(1819-1891)1.Moby Dick/The White Whale莫比·迪克/白鲸；2.Typee泰比3.Omoo奥穆4.Mardi玛地5.Redburn雷得本6.White Jacket白外衣7.Pierre皮尔埃8.Piazza广场故事9.Billy Budd比利·巴德j)Walt Whitman(1819-1892)1.Leaves of Grass草叶集第一部真正的史诗a)Song of Myself自我之歌b)I Sit Here and Look Outc)Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking2.O Captain!O Captain!3.Song of the Broad-Axe阔斧之歌4.I hear America Singing我听见美洲在歌唱5.When Lilacs Lost in the Dooryard Bloom’d小院丁香花开时6.Democratic Vistas民主的前景7.The Tramp and Strike Question流浪汉和罢工问题k)Emily Dickson(1830-1886)romantic poet;1,800poems1.The Poems of Emily Dichenson埃米莉·迪金森诗集-----a)Because I Could Not Stop for Deathb)I Died for Beauty-But Was Scarcec)I’m Nobody.Who Are You？d)This is My Letter to the Worlde)I Heard a Fly Buzz When I die4.19th-20th Realisma)Harriet Beecher Stowe(1811-1896)1.Uncle Tom’s Cabin汤姆叔叔的小屋2.A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp德雷德阴暗大沼地的故事片3.The Minister’s Wooing牧师的求婚4.The Pearl of Orr’s Island奥尔岛的珍珠5.Oldtown Folks老城的人们b)Mark Twain(1835-1910)美国文学史上的林肯；first truly American writer-Faulkner1.The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County加拉维拉县有名的跳蛙2.The Innocent’s Abroad傻瓜出国记3.The Gilded Age镀金时代4.The Adventures of Tom Sawyer汤姆·索耶历险记5.The Prince and the Pauper王子与贫儿6.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn哈克贝利·费恩历险记现代美国文学之源-海明威7.A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court亚瑟王宫中的美国佬8.The Tragedy of Pudd’nhead Wilson傻瓜威尔逊9.Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc冉·达克10.The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg败坏哈德莱堡的人11.How to Tell a Story怎样讲故事---对美国早期幽默文学的总结c)William Dean Howells(1837-1920)现实主义奠基人1.The Rise of Silas Lapham赛拉斯·拉帕姆的发迹代表着2.A Modern Instance一个现代的例证3.A Hazard of Now Fortunes《新财富的危害》d)Henry James(1843-1916)与豪威尔斯齐名；关注人物复杂心理1.Daisy Miller黛西米勒；2.The Portrait of a Lady贵妇人画像；3.The Bostonians波士顿人；4.The Real Thing and Other Tales真货色及其他故事；5.The Wings of the Dove鸽翼；6.The Ambassadors大使；7.The Golden Bowl金碗8.评论集：French Poets and Novelists法国诗人和小说家a)Hawthorne霍桑b)Partial Portraits不完全的画像c)Notes and Reviews札记与评论d)Art of Fiction and Other Essays小说艺术e)O.Henry(1862-1910)美国短篇小说之父f)Theodore Dreiser(1871-1945)1.Sister Carrie嘉莉姐妹2.Jennie Gerhardt珍妮姑娘3.Trilogy of Desire欲望三部曲(Financer金融家,The Titan巨人,The Stoic斯多葛)4.An American Tragedy美国的悲剧（被称为美国最伟大的小说）5.Nigger Jeff黑人杰弗6.The Genius天才g)Stephen Crane(1871-1900)自然主义、印象主义1.Maggie:A Girl of the Streets街头女郎梅姬（美国文学史上首次站在同情立场上描写受辱妇女的悲惨命运）；2.The Red Badge of Courage红色英勇勋章；3.The Open Boat小划子4.The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky新娘来到黄天镇h)Jack London(1876-1916)1.The Son of the Wolf狼之子2.The Call of the Wild野性的呼唤3.The Sea-wolf海狼4.White Fang白獠牙5.The People of the Abyss深渊中的人们6.The Iron Heel铁蹄7.Marti Eden马丁·伊登8.How I become a Socialist我怎样成为社会党人9.The War of the Classes阶级之间的战争10.What Life Means to Me生命对我意味着什么11.Revolution革命12.Love of Life热爱生活13.The Mexican墨西哥人14.The Law of Life生活的法则15.Under the Deck Awings在甲板的天蓬下i)Sherwood Anderson(1876-1941)1.Winesburg,Ohio由发生在小镇上的23个相关小故事构成j)Edwin Arlington Robinson(1869-1935)1920s最伟大的诗人；作品有自然主义特色1.Tilbury Town2.The House on the Hill3.Richard Cory4.Miniver Cheevy5.20th-Modernisma)Robert Lee Frost(1874-1963)诗作关于新英格兰的风景和人;四次1.New Hampshireb)Wallace Stevens(1879-1955)1.Harmonium风琴2.Sunday Morning礼拜天早晨3.The Auroras of Autumn秋天的晨曦c)Erza Pound(1885-1972)美国现代诗歌之父；意象派1.In a Station of the Metro2.The Cantos3.A Virginal4.A Pact5.Salutation the Second6.The Spirit of Romance罗曼司精神7.The Anthology Des Imagistes意像派诗选8.Cathay华夏（英译中国诗）9.Literary Essays文学论10.Hugh Swlwyn Mauberley11.A Few Don’ts by Imagiste意像派戒条12.Personage面具13.Polite Essays文雅集14.The Cantos of Ezra Pound庞德诗章（109首及8首未完成稿）d)Sinclair Lewis(1885-1951)第一位成为诺奖得主的美国作家1.Dur Mr Wrenn我们的雷恩先生2.The Job求职3.The Main Street大先进4.Babbitt巴比特5.Arrowsmith艾罗史密斯6.Elmer Gantry艾尔默·甘特里7.Dodsworth多兹沃斯8.It can’t Happen Here事情不会发生在这里9.Kingsblood Royal王孙梦e)Eugene Galdstone O’Neill(1888-1953)1936诺奖1.Long Day’s Journey into Night长夜漫漫路迢迢代表作；自传性质2.Beyond the Horizon3.Desire Under the Elms4.The Iceman Cometh5.The Hairy Apef)Thomas Stearns Eliot(1888-1965)1.Prufrock and Other Observations普罗夫洛克（荒原意识）2.The Waste Land荒原3.The Burial of the Dead死者的葬礼4.A Game of Chess弈棋5.The Fire Sermon火诫6.Death by Water水边之死7.The Hollow Man空心人8.The Sacred Wood圣林9.Gerontion小老头10.What the Thunder Said雷电之言11.名诗：Ash Wednesday圣灰星期三12.Four Quarters四个四重奏13.诗剧：Murder in the Cathedral大教堂谋杀案14.Family Reunion大团圆15.Cocktail Party鸡尾酒会g)Pearl S.Buck(1892-1973)赛珍珠1934年前主要在中国；1932普利策；1938诺奖（美国历史上第一个）1.The Good Earth大地获得普利策小说奖h) E.E.Cummings(1894-1962)Forerunner of Concrete Poetry and Visual Poetry1.Tulips and Chimneys郁金香与烟囱2.The Enormous Room大房间3.XLI Poems诗41首4.Viva万岁5.No,Thanks不，谢谢6.Collected Poems诗集7.Eimi爱米（访苏游记）i) F.Scott Fitzgerald(1896-1940)迷惘的的一代;Spokesman of the Jazz Age1.The Side of Paradise人间天堂2.The Beautiful and the Damned美丽与毁灭3.The Great Gatsby了不起的盖茨比4.Tender in the Night夜色温柔5.The Last Tycoon最后的巨头6.短篇小说：Flappers and Philosophers姑娘们和哲学家们7.Tales of the Jazz爵士时代的故事8.Taps at Reveille早晨的起床号→The Ice Palace冰宫9.May Days五一节10.The Diamond as Big as the Ritz像里茨饭店那样大的钻石11.Winter Dreams冬天的梦12.The Rich Boy富家子弟13.Babylon Revisted重访巴比伦敦14.The Crack-up崩溃（自传体文集j)William Faulkner(1897-1962)1950诺奖；南方新旧之间冲突的史诗式描写1.The Sound and the Fury lost innocence;意识流2.The Hamlet3.The Town4.The Mansion5.A Fable6.Absalom,Absalom!Historical novel7.Go Down,Moses8.As I Lay Dying9.Light in August10.A Rose for Emilyk)Ernest Hemingway(1899-1961)迷惘的一代（Gertrude Stein首先使用；“你们都是迷惘的一代”被作为<太阳照样升起>的卷首语）；iceberg principle;1954诺奖；1953普利策奖1.In Our Time在我们的年代里2.The Torrents of Spring春潮3.The Sun Also Rises太阳照样升起4.Farewell to Arms永别了，武器5.For Whom the Bell Tolls丧钟为谁而鸣6.短篇小说：Men Without Women没有女人的男人7.The Winners Take Notheing胜者无所获8.The Fifth Column and First Forty-nine Stories第五纵队与首次发表的四十九个短篇9.政论：To Have and Have Not贫与富回忆录：A Moveable Feast到处逍遥l)Vladimir Nabokov(1899-1977)俄罗斯裔长短篇小说家、诗人1.Lolitam)John Steinbeck(1902-1968)经济大萧条时期最杰出的小说家；1962诺奖；1940普利策奖1.Cup of Gold金杯2.Tortilla Flat煎饼房3.In Dubious Battle胜负未定4.Of Mice and Men鼠和人5.The Grapes of Wrath愤怒的葡萄经济大萧条时期的美国现状6.The Moon is Down月落7.Cannery Row罐头厂街8.The Pearl珍珠9.The Winter of Or Discontent10.The Pastures of Heaven11.短篇小说：The Red Pony小红马12.The Great Mountains大山13.The Promise许诺14.The Leader of the People人们的领袖n)Langston Hughes(1902-1967)1.Mulatto混血儿（剧本）2.The Weary Blues疲倦的歌声3.Dear Lovely Death亲爱的死神4.Shakespear in Harlem哈莱姆的莎士比亚5.I Wonder as I Wander我漂泊我思考6.The Best of Simple辛普尔精选o)Isaac Bashevis Singer(1904-1991)1978诺奖1.The Magician of Lublin鲁柏林的魔术师p)Tennessee Williams(1911-1983)二战后最杰出剧作家；关注现代人的寂寞和孤立1.American Blues美国的布鲁斯2.Battle of Angels天使的战斗3.The Glass Menagerie玻璃动物园4.The Streetcar Named Desire欲望号街车获得普利策奖；揭露暴力和性变态主题5.Cat on a Hot Tin Roof热铁皮屋顶上的猫6.The Night of The Iguana鬣蜥之夜7.Summer and Smoke夏与烟8.The Rose Tattoo玫瑰纹9.Sweet Bird of Yout可爱的青春鸟q)WIBernard Malamud(1914-1986)1.The Assistant店员r)Ralph Ellison(1914-1994)1.看不见的人s)William Burroughs(1914-1997)垮掉一代的重要作家；后现代主义的重要作家1.Naked Lunch裸体午餐t)Arthur Miller(1915-2005)1.Situation Normal情况正常2.The Man Who Had All the Luck吉星高照的人3.All My Sons都是我的儿子4.The Death of a Salesman推销员代表着；获得普利策戏剧奖；托尼戏剧音乐奖；美国梦造成的悲剧5.The Crucible严峻的考验/萨姆勒的女巫6.A View from the Bridge桥头眺望7.A Memory of Two Mondays两个星期一的回忆8.After the Fall堕落之后9.Incident at Vichy维希事件10.The Price代价11.The Creation of the World and Other Business创世及其他12.The Archbishop’s Ceiling大主教的天花板13.The American Clock美国时钟u)Saul Bellow(1915-2005)1976诺奖1.Dangling Man晃来晃去的人2.Humboldt’s Gift洪堡的礼物3.Seize the Day勿失良辰v)Jerome David Salinger(1919-2010)1.长篇小说：The Catcher in the Rye麦田里的守望者2.短篇小说：The Young Folks年轻人短篇小说集：Nine Stories故事九篇3.中篇小说：Franny弗兰尼4.Zooey卓埃5.Raise High the Roof Beam,Carpenters木匠们，把屋梁升高6.Seymour:An Introduction西摩其人w)Jack Kerouac(1922-1969)the beat generation1.On the Road自传性质x)Joseph Heller(1923-1999)讽刺小说家；短篇小说家；剧作家；黑色幽默1.长篇小说：Catch-22第二十二条军规黑色幽默代表2.Something Happened出了毛病3.As Good as Gold像高尔德一样好4.剧本：We Bombed in New Haven我们轰炸纽黑文5.Catch-226.Clevinger’s Trial克莱文杰受审（据Catch-22第八章）y)Allen Ginsberg(1926-1997)The Beat Generation;1.Howl与惠特曼《自我之歌》、艾略特《荒原》为美国文学重要长诗z)Edward Albee(1928-)受荒诞派戏剧和残酷戏剧的影响1.The Zoo Story动物园的故事2.The Death of Bessie Smith贝西·史密斯之死3.The Sandbox沙箱4.The American Dream美国梦5.Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?谁害怕弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫代表作6.Tiny Alice小爱丽丝7.A Delicate Balance脆弱的羊群8.Seascape海景9.The Lady from Dubuque来自杜布克的女人10.The Man With Three Arms在臂人aa)Toni Morrison(1931-)1993诺奖；第一个获得诺奖的非洲裔美国女作家1.The Bluest Eye2.Song of Solomon3.Beloved宠儿ab)John Updike(1932-2009)sweet lonesome singer of Protestant mediocrity1.Rabbit Series:a)Rabbit,Runb)Rabbit Reduxc)Rabbit is Richd)Rabbit at Restac)Alice Walker(1944-)第一位获得普利策奖的黑人女作家1.Everyday Use日用家当2.The Color Purple紫色a)Samuel Butler Erehwon埃瑞璜乌托邦，讽刺英国社会b)Edith Wharton现实主义作家1.The House of Mirth欢乐之家2.The Age of Innocence天真时代讽刺暴发户的庸俗和私利、上层社会狭隘的文化和传统观念c)Upton Sinclair1.The Jungle屠宰场芝加哥屠宰场剥削工人的小说。
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英国文学(English Literature)一、Old and Medieval English Literature中古英语文学(8世纪-14世纪)1) The Old English Period / The Anglo-Saxon Period古英语时期(449-1066)a. pagan poetry(异教诗歌): Beowulf《贝奥武甫》- 最早的诗歌；长诗(3000行) heroism & fatalism & Christian qualitiesthe folk legends of the primitive northern tribes; a heroic Scandinavian epic legend; 善恶有报b. religious poetry: Caedmon(凯德蒙610-680): the first known religious poet; the father of English songCynewulf(基涅武甫9C): The Christc. 8th C, Anglo-Saxon prose: Venerable Bede(673-735); Alfred the Great(848-901)2) The Medieval Period中世纪(1066-ca.1485 / 1500):a. Romance中世纪传奇故事(1200-1500): the Middle Ages; 英雄诗歌无名诗人- Sir Gawain and the Green Knight《高文爵士与绿色骑士》: Celtic legend; verse-romance; 2530 lines~ 14th C,Age of Chaucer:* Geoffrey Chaucer(乔叟1340-1400): 文风：vivid and exact language, his poetry is full of vigor and swiftnessthe father of English poetry; the father of English fiction; 首创“双韵体”couplet; 首位用伦敦方言写作英国作家The Canterbury Tales:pilgrims stories 受Boccaccio(薄伽丘) - Decameron《十日谈》启发The House of Fame; Troilus and Criseyde; The Romaunt of the Rose《玫瑰罗曼史》(译作)* William Langland(朗兰1332-1400)：The Vision of Piers Plowman《农夫皮尔斯之幻象》: 普通人眼中的社会抗议b. 15th C, English ballads: Thomas Malory (1395-1471):Morte D’Arthur《亚瑟王之死》- 圆桌骑士二、The Renaissance Period英国文艺复兴(1500-1660): humanism十四行诗，文艺复兴，无韵诗，伊丽莎白戏剧1) 诗歌Henry Howard(霍华德1516-1547)a. Thomas Wyatt (怀亚特1503-1542): the first to introduce the sonnet into English literatureb. Sir Philip Sidney(雪尼爵士1554-1586)：代表了当时的理想- “the complete man”Defense of Poetry《为诗辩护》Astrophel and Stella; Arcadia《阿卡狄亚》: a prose romance filled with lyrics; a forerunner of the modern worldc.Edmund Spenser(斯宾塞1552-1599): the poets’ poet; non-dramatic poet of伊丽莎白时代- long allegorical romance文风：a perfect melody, a rare sense of beauty and a splendid imagination. The Shepherd CalendarThe Faerie Queen《仙后》：long poem for Queen Elizabeth; Allegory - nine-line verse stanza/ the Spenserian Stanza Spenserian Stanza(斯宾塞诗体): Nine lines, the first eight lines is in iambic(抑扬格) pentameter(五步诗),and the ninth line is an iambic hexameter(六步诗) line.2) Prose 散文a. Thomas More(莫尔1478-1535): 欧洲早期空想社会主义创始人Utopia《乌托邦》: More与海员的对话b. John Lyly (黎里1553-160，剧作家&小说家)：EupheusEuphuism(夸饰文体): Abundant use of balanced sentences, alliterations(头韵) and other artificial prosodic(韵律) means.The use of odd similes(明喻) and comparisonsc. Francis Bacon (培根1561-1626)：英国首位散文家，中世纪至现代欧洲时期; 近代唯物主义哲学奠基人和近代实验科学先驱the trumpeter of a new age;Essays(论说文集)：Of Studies, Of Love, Of Beauty: the first true English prose classic3) 戏剧a. Christopher Marlowe(马洛1564-1593): University Wits 大学才子派Edward II；The Jew of Malta《马耳他的犹太人》first made blank verse(无韵诗：不押韵的五步诗) the principle instrument of English dramaThe Tragical History of Doctor Faustus《浮士德博士的悲剧》：根据德国民间故事书写成; 完善了无韵体诗。
Tamburlaine the Great《帖木儿大帝》：残酷而野心勃勃的帝王b. William Shakespeare(剧作家&诗人, 1564-1616): 154 sonnets(十四行诗) + 37 plays + long poems; 现实主义创始人16 comedies :Merchant of Venice (Shylock; Antonio; Bassanio; Portia);The Taming of the Shrew《驯悍记》A Mid-Summer Night’s Dream; As You Like It《皆大欢喜》; The Twelfth Night;The Comedy of Errors;Much Ado About Nothing《无事生非》; The Winter’s Tale《冬天的故事》; All is Well that Ends Well《终成眷属》11 tragedies: Romeo and Juliet;Hamlet; Macbeth《麦克白》;The Tempest《暴风雨》Othello: a hero Othello vs. bad man Iago; Venice and CyprusKing Lear: British King; greatest achievement; most complex in plot and most painful10 historical plays: Henry IV; Henry Vc. Ben Jonson(琼生1562-1637 诗人&剧作家&批评家): Comedy of Humors; Volpone《狐狸》; The Alchemist《炼金术士》三、17世纪文学1) Literature of the Revolution Period (Age of Milton)资产阶级革命时期: poetry (Metaphysical玄学派+ Cavalier骑士派)a. John Donne(多恩1572-1631)：玄学派创始人; A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning《临别辞：莫悲伤》文风：obscene, vulgar and serious philosophical thinking – the conflict between body and soulThe Holy Sonnets; The Flea; Go and Catch a Falling Star; The Songs and Sonnets（主题-爱）b. John Milton(弥尔顿1608-1674)：Renaissance and Reformation (宗教改革)Paradise Regained《复乐园》;Paradise Lost《失乐园》: the greatest English epic; Satan is the heroSamson Agonistes《力士参孙》：closet drama; for reading rather than performing;On His Blindness《目盲自咏》; Areopagitica《论出版自由》; Comus;L’allegro《快乐的人》;Lycidasc. John Bunyan(班扬1628-1688): prose writing in the Puritan Age; 文风：simple and lively prose styleThe Pilgrim’s Progress《天路历程》: prose allegory depicting a human soul searching for salvation 宗教寓言“具有永恒意义的百科全书”，英国文学史上里程碑式著作。