基于单片机的简单音乐盒制作
基于单片机的音乐盒设计

基于单片机的音乐盒设计音乐盒是一种小型的自动播放音乐的装置,它以其独特的装饰性和音乐的美妙而备受欢迎。
随着电子技术的发展,基于单片机的音乐盒也逐渐出现并成为主流。
本文将从硬件设计和软件设计两个方面介绍基于单片机的音乐盒设计。
一、硬件设计1.单片机选择单片机是音乐盒的核心控制器,其选择应根据功能需求和成本考虑。
常用的单片机有PIC、AVR和ARM等。
PIC系列单片机成本较低,易于上手,适合初学者使用。
AVR系列单片机性能较好,适合需要复杂功能的设计。
ARM系列单片机功能强大,适合需求较高的应用。
2.电源电路音乐盒的电源电路需要保证供电稳定,并根据电源需求选择适当的电池或适配器。
一般情况下,音乐盒可以采用锂电池供电,以方便携带和使用。
3.音乐模块音乐模块是音乐盒的关键组成部分,用于播放音乐。
音乐模块通常由音源芯片和音响组成。
音源芯片可以选择解码芯片或音频模块,用于解码和播放音乐文件。
音响部分可以选择扬声器或耳机输出,以提供清晰的音乐效果。
4.控制按钮和指示灯音乐盒需要设计控制按钮和指示灯,以便用户操作和状态显示。
控制按钮用于启动、暂停和切换音乐等操作,指示灯用于显示音乐播放状态和电源状态。
5.外部接口音乐盒可以设计外部接口,以便扩展功能。
常见的外部接口包括USB 接口、SD卡接口和蓝牙接口等。
二、软件设计1.系统框架音乐盒的软件设计可以采用简单的状态机或多任务系统。
简单的状态机可以实现音乐的播放、暂停和停止等基本功能。
多任务系统可以实现多个功能的并发运行,提高系统的灵活性。
2.音乐播放控制音乐盒的主要功能是播放音乐,因此需要设计音乐播放控制模块。
该模块可以提供音乐的选择、播放和暂停等功能。
可以通过中断或轮询方式检测按钮的状态,以实现用户的控制。
3.音量控制音乐盒通常需要设计音量控制功能,以满足用户的需求。
可以通过PWM方式控制音量大小,调节音量输出。
4.音乐存储和读取音乐盒需要设计音乐存储和读取模块,以方便用户选择和加载音乐。
基于单片机的数字式音乐盒设计

基于单片机的数字式音乐盒设计数字式音乐盒是一种音乐播放器,它通过数字技术存储和播放音乐。
基于单片机的数字式音乐盒可以使用单片机控制音乐的播放,实现音符和旋律的发声和控制。
本文将介绍如何设计一款基于单片机的数字式音乐盒。
一、音乐盒基本原理音乐盒是通过一个带有齿轮的转子,以弹簧的力量驱动,使得钢片受到磁力响应并发声,从而发出旋律。
数字式音乐盒是通过数字技术将音乐编码为数字信号,并存储在芯片中,通过解码器将数字信号还原为音符和旋律发声。
二、单片机控制电路设计1.芯片选择要设计一个数字式音乐盒,需要先选择一款合适的单片机,常用的有AT89C51、STC89C52等。
这里选择一款性能好且价格适中的STC89C52单片机。
2.存储器选型数字式音乐盒的数字信号需要存储在内存中,为了方便起见,使用一个4Mbit的Flash记忆芯片作为存储器。
3.音频输出电路数字信号需要通过解码器进行还原后才能通过音频输出电路输出。
可以使用一对耳机或者喇叭,同时需要用到音量电位器控制音量。
三、软件程序设计1.数字信号编解码算法的设计,可以使用目前较为流行的MIDI编码格式。
2.音乐信号输入模块设计,可以使用USB接口或SD卡接口。
3.数据接收模块设计,可以使用串行通信或者并行通信。
4.数字信号存储模块设计,使用Flash记忆芯片。
5.控制模块设计,实现单片机控制音乐盒的所有操作。
四、实现效果基于单片机的数字式音乐盒实现较为简单,但是需要注意以下几点:1.考虑使用定时器计算控制音乐的播放时间,保证旋律按照要求执行。
2.使用ADC(模拟-数字转换器)读取音量电位器值,对音量进行控制。
3.在使用USB接口时,需要有电路板,使得USB通信接口稳定,可靠。
基于单片机的数字式音乐盒是一种方便实用的音乐盒,通过数字技术的运用,实现了音乐的存储和播放,可广泛应用于各个领域中。
单片机音乐盒课程设计基于单片机的简易音乐盒制作

单片机音乐盒课程设计基于单片机的简易音乐盒制作姓名:蔡晓锋学号学院:计算机与内部信息工程学院专业班级:自动化3班论文题目:基于单片机的音乐盒设计任课老师:赵伟志【摘要】本设计是一个基于STC 12c5608ad 系列单片机的音乐盒,依据单片机技术原理,通过硬件创作电路制作以及软件编译,设计制作出一个多功能音乐盒。
该音乐盒主要就由按键电路、复位电路、时钟电路以及蜂鸣器结成。
使用两个按键控制音乐盒,一个用来切换歌曲,一个个用来切换8路LED 的变化花样,本音乐盒共有两首歌曲播放歌曲时,蜂鸣器发出某个音调,与之对应的LED 亮起。
本设计利用KEIL 编程软件对音乐盒源程序进行编程并调试,配合PROTEUS 仿真成功进行软件对硬件进行仿真调试,节约了设计时间。
【关键字】音乐盒;STC 12c5608ad单片机; KEIL; PROTEUS;课程设计目的应用单片机,利用它的原理组成一个音乐随身听。
本课程设计是主干实践课。
课程大幅提高的任务在于提高学生综合运用所学知识理论、分析解决问题的能力。
课程设计任务∙以单片机为核心部件组成一个音乐;∙利用单片机的定时器产生乐谱的各种频率方波,由蜂鸣器发出声音设计原理音调的确定:不同音高的乐音是用C 、D 、E 、F 、G 、A 、B 来表示,这7个字母就是音乐的音名,它们一般依次唱成DO 、RE 、MI 、FA 、SO 、LA 、SI, 即唱成简谱的1、2、3、4、5、6、7,相当于汉字“多来米发梭拉西”的读音,这是唱曲时乐音的发音,所以叫“音调”,即Tone 。
把C 、D 、E 、F 、G 、A 、B 这一组音的距离分成12个等份,每一个等份叫一个“半音”。
两个音之间的距离有两个“半音”,就叫“全音”。
在钢琴等键盘乐器上,C –D 、D –E 、F –G 、G –A 、A –B 两音之间隔着一个黑键,他们之间的距离就是全音;E –F 、B –C 两音之间没有黑键相隔,它们之间的距离就是八度。
基于单片机实现的音乐盒设计

摘要本设计是采用单片机为核心设计的数字音乐盒。
具体硬件电路包括:AT89C2051单片机、音频发生器、音频放大器、按键电路、复位电路、时钟电路。
本音乐盒可以播放三首音乐,通过软件程序来控制单片机内部的定时器使其产生音乐频率,演奏出优美动听的音乐同时,用户通过选择按键电路来选择自己喜欢的音乐,同时具有播放\暂停功能。
与传统的机械式音乐盒相比,用单片机设计的音乐盒体积更小巧,且制作工艺简单,音质更优美能演奏出和弦音乐。
关键词:音乐盒AT89C2051播放\暂停AbstractThis design is used as the core design of single chip digital music box. Specific hardware circuit includes: AT89C2051 microcontroller, audio generator, audio amplifier, keypad circuit, reset circuit, clock circuit. The music box can play three songs, through the software program to control the microcontroller's internal timer frequency to produce music, playing the beautiful sounds of music at the same time, the user by selecting the button circuit to select your favorite music, both play \ pause function. With the traditional mechanical music box than a music box with a single chip design is more compact size and simple fabrication process, can play a sound more beautiful polyphonic music.Keywords: music box AT89C2051 Broadcast \ pause目录摘要 (i)Abstract (i)第一章绪论 (1)第一节选题目的及国内外发展情况 (1)一、选题目的 (1)二、国内外发展情况 (1)第二节设计所研究的内容及所做工作 (2)第二章方案论证 (3)第一节设计方案 (3)第二节设计方案的确定 (4)第三章音乐盒的硬件系统设计 (5)第一节音乐盒的硬件电路设计框图 (5)第二节控制系统的设计 (5)一、AT89C2051介绍 (5)二、时钟电路设计 (8)三、复位电路的设计 (10)第三节音频放大器的设计 (13)一、音频放大器的作用 (13)二、LM386的性能介绍 (13)第四节按键选择输入电路 (15)一、键盘接口设计 (15)二、按键识别方式 (16)三、键盘模块处理方式 (17)四、键盘设计实用技巧 (19)第四章音乐盒的软件系统设计 (20)第一节音符盒的发音原理 (20)一、音符频率 (20)二、音符节拍 (21)三、建立曲谱编码表 (23)第二节程序模块设计 (24)一、主程序模块设计 (24)二、音乐部分模块设计 (25)三、外部中断模块设计 (30)四、定时器模块设计 (31)第五章软硬件调试 (33)第一节硬件调试 (33)第二节软件调试 (34)第三节性能分析 (35)第六章抗干扰措施 (36)第一节干扰的来源及后果 (36)一、干扰的来源 (36)二、干扰产生的后果 (36)第二节硬件抗干扰设计 (37)第三节软件的抗干扰设计 (38)结束语 (39)参考文献 (40)附录一:音乐盒硬件电路原理图 (41)附录二:程序 (42)外文资料 (47)中文翻译 (53)致谢 (58)第一章绪论第一节选题目的及国内外发展情况一、选题目的通过设计电子音乐盒这个系统,有利于进一步巩固单片机的知识,将所学知识综合运用到实际当中来,并且提高自身的设计能力、动手操作能力以及解决问题的能力。
基于AT89C52单片机的音乐盒设计方案

1/4和1/8节拍的时间设定
曲调值
DELAY 曲调值 DELAY
调4/4
125毫秒
调4/4 62毫秒
调3/4 调2/4
187毫秒 250毫秒
调3/4 94毫秒 调2/4 125毫秒
对于单片机来说,产生不同频率的脉冲是非
常方便的,利用单片机的定时/计数器来产生这样
的方波频率信号。因此,需要弄清楚音乐中的音
Page 3
传统音乐盒
Page 4
设计任务及要求
本设计是以AT89C52芯片的电路为基础,外
部加上放音设备,以此来实现音乐盒的硬件电
路,通过软件程序来控制单片机内部的定时器
■设 使其演奏出优美动听的音乐。用户可以按照自
■计 己的喜好选择音乐并将其转化成机器码存入单
■任 片机的存储器中。该系统具有很好的通用性,
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基于AT89C52单片机的音乐盒设计
论文结构
1 2 3 4 5
■课题意义、任务及要求 ■应用软件简介 ■设计方案 ■设计结构 ■系统电路图
Page 2
设计意义
传统的音乐盒多是机械音乐盒,其工作原理是通过齿 轮带动一个带有铁钉的铁桶转动,铁桶上的铁钉撞击铁 片制成的琴键,从而发出声音但是,机械式的音乐盒体 积比较大,比较笨重,且发音单调。水、灰尘等外在因 素,容易使内部金属发音条变形,从而造成发音跑调。 另外,机械音乐盒放音时为了让音色稳定,必须放平不 ■设 能动摇,而且价格昂贵,不能实现大批量生产。 ■计 本文设计的音乐盒,是基于单片机设计制作的电子 ■意 式音乐盒。与传统的机械式音乐盒相比更小巧,能演奏 ■义 多个曲目且携带方便。电子式音乐盒动力来源是电池, 制作工艺简单,可进行批量生产,且价格便宜。基于单 片机制作的电子式音乐盒,控制功能强大,可根据需要 选歌,使用方便。根据存储容量的大小,可以尽可能多 的存储歌曲。另外,可以设计彩灯外观效果,使音乐盒 的功能更加丰富。
基于51单片机的音乐盒的设计与实现

沈阳航空航天大学课程设计报告课程设计名称:单片机系统综合课程设计课程设计题目:基于51单片机的音乐盒的设计与实现目录第1章总体设计方案 (1)1.1设计原理 (1)1.2设计思路 (1)1.3实验环境 (2)第2章详细设计方案 (3)2.1硬件电路设计 (3)2.2主程序设计 (6)2.3功能模块的设计与实现 (7)第3章结果测试及分析 (10)3.1结果测试 (10)3.2结果分析 (10)参考文献 (11)附录1:元件清单 (12)附录2:总电路图 (13)附录3:程序代码 (14)第1章总体设计方案1.1设计原理电子音乐已广泛地应用于社会生活的各个领域。
其类型从音乐卡片到CD、MP3 等多种多样,制作原理也各不相同。
声音是通过振动产生的。
单片机对某一I/O 引脚以一定的频率循环置1和清0,这一引脚便产生一定频率的方波,该方波通过放大后作用于扬声器便产生一定频率的声音。
若改变输出方波的频率,产生的声音也就改变了。
通过控制输出方波的时间长短,声音的长短也就得到控制。
因此,根据乐谱,单片机就可产生电子音乐。
音乐中最关键的两个要素是音符和节拍。
单片机控制的音乐发生器系统由硬件电路和软件两部分构成。
利用单片机控制的电子音乐发生器软硬件上具有独特的优点,系统的开发周期短,成本低,电路制作容易。
更换歌曲时,硬件电路无需作任何修改,只需修改软件即可实现。
软件编程时,可用51系列单片机的汇编语言。
同时还可根据个人的习好通过软件改变节拍的延时时间,增加电子音乐的趣味性。
1.2 设计思路采用汇编语言程序设计的方法结合硬件电路设计方法,利用Lab6000实验箱上已有芯片来实现音乐盒的各项功能。
1)提出方案利用定时器计时这个半周期时间,每当计时到后就将输出脉冲的I/O反相,然后重复计时此半周期时间再对I/O口反相就可在I/O脚上得到此频率的脉冲。
当键盘有键按下时,判断键值,启动计数器T0,产生一定频率的脉冲,驱动蜂鸣器,放出乐曲。
基于51单片机的音乐盒的设计
图2 蜂鸣器电路控制电路图4 仿真调试6.2性能分析用AT89C51单片机的I/O口产生一定频率的方波,驱动蜂鸣器,出不同的音调,从而演奏乐曲。
共有4支乐曲,每首乐曲都由相应的按键控制,并且有开关键、暂停键、上一曲以及下一曲控制键。
将源程序导入单片机后,在proteus软件中进行仿真。
我通过仿真发现,按下按8 总结通过对单片机的学习,发现对单片机的硬件设计,软件设计掌握的a您好,为你提供优秀的毕业论文参考资料,请您删除以下内容,O(∩_∩)O谢谢!!!A national survey was recently launched to evaluate the eye health of Chinese children andteenagers.On June 6, China 's annual National Day for Eye Care, the China Youth Development ServiceCenter and Zhejiang Medicine, a leading li sted Chinese pharmaceutical company, jointlyannounced the kickoff of the survey.In about one month, a questionnair e compiled by top eye care medical experts in China willbe distributed through multiple online partners, including He , as well asthrough offline survey events held in universities, middle schools and primary schools acrosst he country.A report will be released based on the survey statistics and analysis, and most importantly,guidelines for pa rents and youth on how to care for the eyes and prevent myopia — agrowing problem in China's digitized society, will also be attached on the report."Myopia is not only a disease that makes people see things blurrily, but also leads to sev erecomplications, such as glaucoma (increased pressure within the eyeball), and can causeblindness," said Zhou Yueh ua, an established eye care specialist with Beijing TongrenHospital."It is very important for parents and children to k now about the risk and care for their eyes."There are about 450 million myopia patients in China. Among Chinese my opia patients,30million are severe patients, according to ZhouThe prevalence of myopia among high school and colleg e students is more than 70 percent,and the situation is continuously worsening, he added.Sun Zhu, director with the C hina Youth Development Service Center, said long hours ofstudy, lack of exercise, especially outdoor activities, and att achment to electronic screen aresome of the top reasons behind the widespread myopia problems, and the increase ofy ounger patients, although China has made great progress in improving the hardwarefacilities and lighting conditions i n schools.He said he hopes the survey will alert people on the threatening situation, and also helpmedical experts to be tter guideline parents and children's behaviors to care for eyes, basedon the timely and factual statistics the survey col lected.A series of follow-up events will also be held in six cities, including Jinan in Shandongprovince, and Changsha i n Hunan province, to educate people on how to care for eyes afterthe survey started. More and more Chinese are jogging to get and stay fit. Most joggers will run alone, but some will jog with friends or even coaches. The Beijing Olympic Forest Park is one of the most popular spots. It is packed with runners in the afternoon, usually after work, and at weekends. Jogging after a whole day's work can be a way to unwind. It is true for He Wenjun, whose workplace is right near the forest park. She discovered her athletic aptitude at the age of seven, when she began playing tennis. Then she turned to jogging, and she has persevered with it for 10 years. "I come to jog almost every day after work, whenever I have time. I think jogging is good for my health. And for me, a girl, it helps me to achieve to eternal goal, to keep slim," He said. He says she prefers jogging alone, so she can focus better. She loves jogging, even during Beijing's smoggy days. "If the smog is severe, I'll hold off jogging for a while. But if I really want to get away from work, I'll wear a mask, or just ignore the smog and go on jogging," she said. For those who are not so athletic, jogging also has its attractions. Wu Houbin started roughly two years ago, when he was severely obese. Within two months, his weight dropped from 82 kilograms to 64 kilograms. The success helped him recover health, and he has made friends. "Jogging does not require speed, but stamina. If you want to stick to the game, you need to take it as a mission, a habit, and then eventually a hobby," Wu said. But persevering with jogging is not always easy. Jogging is beneficial for heart-lung function, and the skeletal system, but doctors say improper technique damages the joints, especially the knees and ankles. "Excessive jogging wears down the body, and harms one's health. Poor technique harms the muscles and skeleton, and can cause secondary injures. And, jogging in a bad environment can cause circulation problems," said Lu Zhiyong, attending doctor, Sports Hospital, General Admin. of Sports.Dr. Lu has some tips for joggers, and thosewho are thinking of taking it up.He says peoplesh ould first evaluate their physical condition, to decide the amount and type of exercise, and jogging in the open air is better running on a treadmill. Conrad Macaowill run special programs for the entire month of October this year to support the Hong Kong Cancer Fund's Pink Revolution, an annual campaign that seeks to raise awareness and funds for breast cancer research, the hotel recently announced. A major sponsor of the campaign for three years in a row, Conrad Macao has pledged to donate a portion of its proceeds to the fund,includ ing those collected from selling its popular bear and rubber duck merchandise, in limited pink editions. Pink is the theme for floral arrangements and decorations in the hotel in October. In addition, on Fridays that month, members of the management and staff will add something pink to their uniforms, regular e-mails and handwritten guest cards. "Breast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer among women in Hong Kong and is also of significant concern in Macao and around the world, regardless of age," general manager Bede Barry said in a statement. The hotel has enlisted the support of a number of international and local celebrities to help drive the cause, including South Korean actor Jung Suk Won. This year, a lucky guest who stays at the hotel during the campaign and also donates money for the cause will win a necklace specially designed by Arte Madrid, a Spanish jewelry brand. Women should strive to balance quality of work and life, and have children at a young age. As a doctor I see much suffering because of this imbalance. Xiao Ying, 36, works for a large law firm. Her job means lots of travel, a heavy caseload and a large number of meetings, so her schedule is hectic. She has been pregnant twice, but had abortions on both occasions because she felt her busy,high-pressure career wasn't conducive to raising a child. She planned to have children once she had achieved career success so she could provide a stable environment for her baby. After 10 years, Xiao felt the time was right, and she tried to conceive for about six months, but was unable to become pregnant. I conducted comprehensive physicalcheckups. The results suggested that Xiao's ovarian function has declined and a bilateral oviduct blockage has occurred, meaning that in vitro fertilization is her only option. So, after reducing her workload, Xiao underwent IVF treatment. Luckily, she got pregnant after just one treatment cycle, but later experienced vaginal bleeding, and rushed to the hospital. I told her to rest and carry on with the treatment (to prevent a miscarriage). As Zubin Zarthoshtimanesh, a yoga guru, demonstrated postures at a high school stadium in Dujiangyan city, Sichuan province, some 200 students sat on colorful mats watching him closely. It was part of the first India-China international yoga festival in the provincial capital, Chengdu, in Southwest China, where more than 1,000 fans from home and abroad gathered for lessons from 20 leading practitioners of the ancient Indian regimen, from June 17-21. Yoga is to India what perhaps tai chi is to China. Many countries other than India and China, also held the first World Yoga Day on June 21, after the United Nations last year agreed to Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi's suggestion that a special day be marked in the year for the global practice of the stress-busting regimen, which is already a multibillion dollar industry in the United States. Modi said in the speech: "Yoga is an invaluable gift of India's ancient tradition. ... It is not about exercise but to discover the sense of oneness with yourself, the world and nature."Zarthoshtimanesh, who runs his own yoga center, Iyengar Yogabhyasa, in the Indian financial capital of Mumbai, says: "Chinese students are very respectful. For me, all students are the same no matter what their race is and where they come from. The most important thing is to remove mental walls." Zarthoshtimanesh learned yoga from the late Yogacharya Iyengar and traveled with the master to different countries. Consulate General of India in southern China's Guangzhou city organized the Chengdu festival. A terrifying wooden bridge in China has just been replaced by a glass one. This, the world’s longest glass-bottomed walkway, is located in Shiniuzhai Geopark in Hunan, and spans 300m (984f) and is 180m (590f) above ground. The floor is made of double-layered glass that is24mm (0.94in), and is reportedly 25 times stronger than regular window glass. The bridge had previously been made of wood, linking the two peaks of Stone Buddha Mountain, but 11 engineers working 12 hours a day converted it to glass. Previously, you were considered brave if you steeled yourself to cross the wooden walkway; now, with its glass bo ttom, the bridge is already being referred to as “hero bridge.”The popular chain's longtime executive chef embraces mapo tofu and other exotic elements for the burger-driven menu, Liu Zhihua reports.At the age of 37, Shanghai native Lin Zhengu has become a star as a Western cuisine chef in the Chinese metropolis, a city that has a wealth of Western restaurants. The executive chef of Blue Frog Bar and Grill, a popular burger-based restaurant and bar chain on the Chinese mainland, Lin is the soul of the restaurant franchise's team of more than 550 chefs. Many of the franchise's most popular dishes are his brainchild. Lin says his secret of success is innovation rooted in experience: He spends months every year traveling and eating worldwide, seeking new ingredients and inspirations that could improve the offerings of Blue Frog restaurants. The restaurant chain regularly launches a new seasonal menu, usually featuring eight new dishes with fresh ingredients. The best-selling seasonal dishes later replace the least popular items on the regular menu, which is usually updated in late fall and boasts a selection of about 40 dishes. "Food should have no boundaries," Lin says. "As long as the food tastes good and is healthy, it doesn't really matter where it originates or how it is cooked." Lin likes to give the American-style restaurants' menu some culinary touches from other countries, such as China and Mexico, and customers love such innovation, he says. He started his career as an apprentice in a Chinese kitchen in 1993. By chance he learned from a French chef in 1994, and soon became enamored with the world of Western food. During the next couple of years, he received strict training in Western culinary art from French, Chinese and German chefs. That was rare for a Chinese chef in the 1990s, he says-and so was being a Chinese chef who spoke fluent English. When an American entrepreneur invited him to join in his startup Blue Frog in 2000, Lin didn't hesitate to resign from a five-star hotel to work in the new restaurant with just five chefs, eager to explore the excitement of a life that had yet to unfold. Since that Shanghai launch, Blue Frog has opened 24 branches in seven cities across China, including Beijing, Tianjin, Chongqing and Nanjing in Jiangsu province. The new menu for this fall, which was launched in early September, showcases how flavors of East and West meet to create a variety of delicious burgers and other entrees in the cozy, soft-lit restaurants. I liked the mapo burger best. Just imagine the flavorful combination of the hot, mildly numb-spicy mapo tofu sauce and grilled 100-percent Australian beef patty, along with a slice of cheddar cheese and a side of french fries. The savory sauce helped highlight the patty's juicy, tender texture and its delicious beef flavor. Matching that Sichuan flavor with cheese created a new taste experience.。
基于单片机的音乐盒设计与实现
基于单片机的音乐盒设计与实现【摘要】本文介绍了基于单片机的音乐盒设计与实现。
在分别阐述了研究背景、研究意义以及研究目的。
在详细介绍了硬件设计、软件设计、系统测试、性能优化以及成果展示。
在总结了设计过程中的经验,展示了实现效果,并展望了未来的发展方向。
通过本文的介绍,读者可以了解如何利用单片机技术设计和实现一款音乐盒,并对其性能进行优化和展示。
这对于音乐爱好者和电子爱好者来说具有一定的参考意义,也为未来相关研究提供了一定的借鉴价值。
【关键词】单片机、音乐盒、设计、实现、硬件、软件、系统测试、性能优化、成果展示、设计总结、实现效果、展望未来、研究背景、研究意义、研究目的1. 引言1.1 研究背景音乐盒是一种可以播放音乐的机械装置,古老而优雅。
传统的音乐盒使用机械装置来播放音乐,但随着现代科技的发展,基于单片机的音乐盒逐渐成为了一种新的设计趋势。
单片机能够提供更多的功能和灵活性,使音乐盒的设计更加多样化和精致化。
本研究旨在通过基于单片机的音乐盒设计与实现,探索如何利用现代科技提升传统音乐盒的功能和性能,为人们带来更好的音乐享受体验。
通过对硬件设计、软件设计、系统测试、性能优化等方面的研究和实践,将为音乐盒的发展提供新的思路和方法。
1.2 研究意义基于单片机的音乐盒设计与实现,可以大大简化音乐盒的结构,提高音色的表现力,丰富音乐盒的功能。
通过程序控制,可以实现多种音色的切换、音乐曲目的调节和存储、音乐盒的智能化操作等功能,使其更加符合现代人的需求。
基于单片机的音乐盒设计与实现还可以促进传统音乐盒产业的转型升级,推动文化产业的发展。
通过将传统文化与现代科技相结合,可以为音乐盒行业注入新的活力,拓展音乐盒的市场空间,吸引更多年轻人关注和参与。
基于单片机的音乐盒设计与实现具有重要的研究意义,不仅可以提升音乐盒的艺术表现力和实用性,还可以推动音乐盒产业的发展,为传统文化的传承与创新做出贡献。
1.3 研究目的具体来说,本研究的目的主要包括以下几个方面:1. 设计一种能够支持多种音乐格式的音乐盒系统,以满足不同用户对音乐的需求。
基于c51单片机音乐盒设计.
基于c51单片机音乐盒设计.音乐盒是一种通过内置于其中的机械结构或者电流来制造音乐的一种装置,它是一种完全可以自己动手制作的小型装置。
音乐盒可以引起大家的兴趣,并且对于音乐爱好者而言,它更是不可或缺的工具。
而在本文中,我们将介绍一种基于c51单片机的音乐盒设计方案。
首先,我们需要了解c51单片机的一些基本特性和特点,这样才能更好地去理解音乐盒的设计方案。
c51单片机是一种非常常见的单片机,它具有操作简单,可扩展性强,代价低廉等特点,在市场中被广泛的应用在各种电子产品中。
基于c51单片机的音乐盒设计方案主要包括硬件部分和软件部分,接下来我们将详细介绍这两部分的内容。
硬件设计:1、音源部分音乐盒的核心部分是音源,所以我们需要采用一种高质量、高保真度的音源。
音源可以采用蜂鸣器、扬声器等。
2、时钟部分c51单片机的时钟部分是控制器的基础。
我们采取计数器,通过方波的输出频率来控制计数器进行计数,并通过定时器来实现时钟的计数。
时钟部分包括一定的高级电路,这些电路包括晶振、电容、电阻等等。
3、输入输出端口为了方便对音乐盒进行控制,我们需要在音乐盒中设置一些输入输出端口,这些端口可以通过外部设备来实现,可以通过按键来控制音乐盒的运作。
1、程序框架首先,我们需要确定程序的框架。
程序框架分为以下几个部分,包括时钟设置、中断处理、函数处理、主函数等。
时钟设置部分主要包括两个功能:时钟的计时和频率控制。
这些设置应该与硬件的时钟部分配合符合音乐节拍和时间的要求,通过设计、调整达到准确、稳定的效果。
3、中断处理音乐盒的中断处理部分是整个程序的核心,它包括多种中断请求,包括时钟中断、按键事件中断等。
这些中断请求可以被设置成高优先级或低优先级,以实现更好的控制效果。
4、功能处理对于在音乐盒运行中,需要频繁进行操作的函数,我们应该单独设置一个处理函数,并将其函数调用编入到主函数中。
5、主函数最后,我们需要编写主函数,以实现音乐盒在不同的运行模式中切换,及处理各种异常情况。
基于51单片机的电子八音盒详细设计步骤
一、设计目的利用8052单片机结合内部定时器设计一个八音盒,按下单键可以演奏预先设置的歌曲旋律。
二、设计要求其基本功能为:1,使用LED显示器来显示目前演奏的歌曲编号;2,具有8个按键操作来选择演奏哪一首歌曲;3,内建8首歌曲旋律,按下单键可以演奏歌曲。
三、设计器材T89C52单片机、晶振、八个按键、二位一体共阳极数码管、电阻电容若干、导线。
四、设计方案及分析设计思路:(1)选择8052单片机,通过T0定时中断,并配合P2.0引脚输出音频频率。
(2)P2.0引脚输出接蜂鸣器。
(3)通过P0口接LED。
(4)P1口接键盘,输入歌曲号。
音符产生方法:不同的音调有不同的频率。
频率不同,音调也就不同。
利用定时器,使其工作在模式1,定时中断,然后控制P2.0引脚的输出每次取反,就可以在P2.0的引脚输出相应的方波频率。
改变计数初值,就改变了频率。
定时器的定时时间等于半个周期,定时时间到就输出脉冲取反,重复此过程,就可在P2.0引脚得到一音频的脉冲。
如:中音1的频率=523HZ,周期T=1/523=1912us;定时器的定时时间为:T/2=1912/2us=956us;计算得TH0,TL0的计数初值THTL=64580下面是个音符计数初值节拍产生方法:音乐中的节拍用延时时间产生。
假设1/4拍执行一次延时程序,这1/2拍就执行两次延时程序,所以只要求出1/4延时时间,其余的节拍就是他的倍数。
为方便记谱,将节拍数也进行编码,如下:建立曲谱编码表:编谱用8位编码,高4位代表音符,低4位代表节拍。
如5 6中音5,中音6,都是1/2拍,则编码为:82H 92H程序清单:#include <reg52.h>#define uchar unsigned char#define uint unsigned int#define ulong unsigned longsbit SPEAK = P2^0;//接蜂鸣器管脚uchar th0_f;uchar tl0_f;uchar code SEG[10]={0x3f,0x06,0x5b,0x4f,0x66,0x6d,0x7d,0x07,0x7f,0x67};uchar code jie8[8]={12,14,16,17,19,21,23,24};/**************************中断函数*******************************************/ timer0() interrupt 1{TL0=tl0_f;TH0=th0_f;SPEAK =~SPEAK; //取反音乐输出IO}/********************T0的值,及输出频率对照表***********************************/ uchar code freq[36*2]={0xA9,0xEF,//00220HZ ,1 //00x93,0xF0,//00233HZ ,1#0x73,0xF1,//00247HZ ,20x49,0xF2,//00262HZ ,2#0x07,0xF3,//00277HZ ,30xC8,0xF3,//00294HZ ,40x73,0xF4,//00311HZ ,4#0x1E,0xF5,//00330HZ ,50xB6,0xF5,//00349HZ ,5#0x4C,0xF6,//00370HZ ,60xD7,0xF6,//00392HZ ,6#0x5A,0xF7,//00415HZ ,70xD8,0xF7,//00440HZ 1 //120x4D,0xF8,//00466HZ 1# //130xBD,0xF8,//00494HZ 2 //140x24,0xF9,//00523HZ 2# //150x87,0xF9,//00554HZ 3 //160xE4,0xF9,//00587HZ 4 //170x3D,0xFA,//00622HZ 4# //180x90,0xFA,//00659HZ 5 //190xDE,0xFA,//00698HZ 5# //200x29,0xFB,//00740HZ 6 //210x6F,0xFB,//00784HZ 6# //220xB1,0xFB,//00831HZ 7 //230xEF,0xFB,//00880HZ `10x2A,0xFC,//00932HZ `1#0x62,0xFC,//00988HZ `20x95,0xFC,//01046HZ `2#0xC7,0xFC,//01109HZ `30xF6,0xFC,//01175HZ `40x22,0xFD,//01244HZ `4#0x4B,0xFD,//01318HZ `50x73,0xFD,//01397HZ `5#0x98,0xFD,//01480HZ `60xBB,0xFD,//01568HZ `6#0xDC,0xFD,//01661HZ `7 //35};/***************************音乐符号串解释函数****************************/ //入口:要解释的音乐符号串,输出的音调串,输出的时长串changedata(uchar *song,uchar *diao,uchar *jie){uchar i,i1,j;char gaodi; //高低+/-12音阶uchar banyin;//有没有半个升音阶uchar yinchang;//音长uchar code jie7[8]={0,12,14,16,17,19,21,23}; //C调的7个值*diao=*song;for(i=0,i1=0;;){gaodi=0; //高低=0banyin=0;//半音=0yinchang=4;//音长1拍if((*(song+i)=='|') || (*(song+i)==' ')) i++; //拍子间隔和一个空格过滤switch(*(song+i)){case ',': gaodi=-12;i++;//低音break;case '`': gaodi=12;i++; //高音break;}if(*(song+i)==0) //遇到0结束{*(diao+i1)=0; //加入结束标志0*(jie+i1)=0;return;}j=*(song+i)-0x30; i++; //取出基准音j=jie7[j]+gaodi; //加上高低音yinc: switch(*(song+i)){case '#': //有半音j加一个音阶i++;j++;goto yinc;case '-': //有一个音节加长yinchang+=4;i++;goto yinc;case '_': //有一个音节缩短yinchang/=2;i++;goto yinc;case '.': //有一个加半拍yinchang=yinchang+yinchang/2;i++;goto yinc;}*(diao+i1)=j; //记录音符*(jie+i1)=yinchang; //记录音长i1++;}}/******************************奏乐函数***************************************/ //入口:要演奏的音乐符号串void play(uchar *songdata){uchar i,c,j=0;uint n;uchar diaodata[48]; //音调缓冲uchar jiedata[48]; //音长缓冲changedata(songdata,diaodata,jiedata); //解释音乐符号串TR0=1;while(P1=0xff){for(i=0;diaodata[i]!=0;i++) //逐个符号演奏{tl0_f=freq[diaodata[i]*2]; //取出对应的定时值送给T0th0_f=freq[diaodata[i]*2+1];for(c=0;c<jiedata[i];c++) //按照音长延时{for(n=0;n<29500;n++); //29500if(P1!= 0xff)//((!K1)||(!K2)||(!K3)||(!K4))//发现按键,立即退出播放{TR0=0;return;}}TR0=0;for(n=0;n<460;n++); //音符间延时TR0=1;}}TR0=0;}//茉莉花uchar code molihua[]={"33_5_6_`1_`1_6_|55_6_5-|33_5_6_`1_`1_6_|55_6_5-|""5553_5_|665-|32_3_53_2_|11_2_1|"//"3_2_1_3_2.3_|56_`1_5-|23_5_2_3_1_,6_|,5-,61|"//"2.3_1_2-1_,6_|,5--"};//世上只有妈妈好uchar code mamahao[]={"6.5_35|`16_5_6-|35_6_53_2_|1_,6_5_3_2-|""2.3_55_6_|321-|5.3_2_1_,6_1_|,5--"};//小毛驴uchar code xiaomaolv[]={"1_1_1_3_|5_5_5_5_|6_6_6_`1|5-|""4_4_4_6_|3_3_3_3_|2_2_2_2_|5-"};//我是一只菠萝uchar code boluo[]={"1-|2_4_3_2_55|5_6_3_4_22|2_4_3_2_1_`1_7_6_|5_4_2_3_11|""2_4_3_2_55|5_6_3_4_22|2_4_3_2_1_5_2_3_|1---|"};//小星星uchar code xiaoxingxing[]={"1155|665-|4433|221-|""5544|332-|5544|332-|""1155|665-|4433|221-|"};//春天在哪里uchar code chuntian[]={"3_3_3_1_|,5,5_|3_3_3_1_|3-|5_5_3_1_|,5_,5_,5|,6_,7_1_3_|2-|" "3_3_3_1_|,5,5_|3_3_3_1_|3-|5_6_5_6_|5_4_3_1_|,5_3_|2_1_"};//两只老虎uchar code laohu[]={"1231|1231|345-|345-|""5_6_5_4_31|5_6_5_4_31|""151-|151-"};//就是爱你uchar code jiushiaini[]={"3_2_3_4_5,7_1_|1`1_7_7 5_6_|66_5_5_3_2_1_3_|4_,6_,7_1_32|" "3_2_3_4_5,7_1_|1`1_7_7_`3_|3-6_|5_4_.4_5_5-|4_,6_ ,7_1_32._1_|"};//黑白配uchar code heibai[]={"32345-|1,7123-|3,5,611-|"};//找朋友uchar code zhaopeng[]={"5_6_5_6_|5_6_5|5_`1_7_6_|5_6_5"};//数鸭子uchar code shuya[]={"313_3_1|3_3_5_6_5-|6_6_5_5_4_4_4|2_3_2_1_2"};//欢乐颂uchar code huanle[]={"3345|5432|1123|322-|3345|5432|1123|211-|"};//一分钱uchar code yifen[]={"5`1|6_`1_5|3_5_2_3_|5|3_5_6_`1_|5_6_5_3_|5_13_2"};//乐谱方式输入的音乐播放/*******************************主函数****************************************/ void main(void){P1=0xff;P0=SEG[0];TMOD = 0x01; //使用定时器0的16位工作模式TR0 = 0;ET0 = 1;EA = 1;while(1){switch(P1){case 0xfe:while(P1==0xfe){;}P0=SEG[1];play(molihua);SPEAK=0;break;//0 按下相应的键显示相对应的码值case 0xfd:while(P1==0xfd){;}P0=SEG[2];play(yifen);SPEAK=0;break;//1case 0xfb: while(P1==0xfb){;}P0=SEG[3];play(mamahao);SPEAK=0;break;//2case 0xf7: while(P1==0xf7){;}P0=SEG[4];play(xiaomaolv);SPEAK=0;break;//3case 0xef: while(P1==0xfe){;}P0=SEG[5];play(laohu);SPEAK=0;break;//4case 0xdf: while(P1==0xdf){;}P0=SEG[6];play(huanle);SPEAK=0;break;//5case 0xbf: while(P1==0xbf){;}P0=SEG[7];play(chuntian);SPEAK=0;break;//6case 0x7f: while(P1==0x7f){;}P0=SEG[8];play(zhaopeng);SPEAK=0;break;//7default: break;}TR0 = 0;}}五、问题分析与解决方法问题一:仿真问题仿真图画好之后,开始运行,数码管和发光二极管都没有反应。