专四提升阅读练习5
英语专业四级考试阅读理解冲刺题
英语专业四级考试阅读理解冲刺题(1)（附答案）Computers monitor everything in Singapore from soil composition to location of manholes ．At the airport At the airport，， it took just 15 seconds for the computerized immigration system to scan and approve my passport ．It takes only one minute to be checked into a public hospital ．By 1998By 1998，， almost every household will be wired for interactive cable TV and the Internet ， the global computer network network．．Shoppers Shoppers will will will be be be able able able to to to view view view and and and pay for pay for pay for products products products electronically electronically electronically．．A A 24-hour community 24-hour community 24-hour community telecomputing network will telecomputing network will allow allow users users users to to to communicate communicate communicate with with with elected elected elected representatives and representatives and representatives and retrieve retrieve retrieve information information information about about about government government government services services services．．It is all part of the government of the government‘‘s plan to transform the nation into what it calls the “Intelligent Island Intelligent Island”．”．”．In so many ways ， Singapore has elevated the concept of efficiency to a kind of national ideology ．For the past ten years years，， Singapore Singapore’’s work force was rated the best in the world-ahead of Japan and the U ．S ．-in terms of productivity ， skill and attitude by the Business Environment Risk Intelligence service ．Behind the Behind the ““Singapore miracle Singapore miracle”” is a man Richard Nixon described as one of “the ablest leaders I have met ，”，” one one who who，， “in other times and other places places，， might have attained the world stature stature of of a Churchill Churchill．”．”．” Lee Lee Kuan Yew led Singapore ‘s struggle for independence in the 1950s ， serving as Prime Minister from 1959 until 1990．Today Today （（19951995），），）， at 71 at 71 at 71，， he has has nominally nominally nominally retired retired retired to to to the the the office office office of of of Senior Senior Senior Minister Minister Minister，， where where he he he continues continues continues to to to influence influence influence his his his country country country’’s s future future future．．Lee Lee offered offered companies tax breaks ， political stability political stability，， cheap labor and strike-free environment ．Nearly 90 percent of Singaporean adults now own their own homes and thanks to strict adherence to the principle of merit merit，， personal opportunities abound abound．．“If you ‘ve got talent and work hard hard，， you can be anything here here，，” says a Malaysian-born woman who holds a high-level civil-service position ．Lee likes to boast that Singapore has avoided the the ““moral breakdown breakdown”” of Western countries countries．．He attributes his nation nation’’s s success to success to success to strong strong strong family family family ties ties ties，， a reliance a reliance on on on education education education as as as the the the engine of engine of engine of advancement advancement advancement and and and social social social philosophy philosophy philosophy that that that he he he claims claims is superior to America is superior to America‘‘s ．In an interview with Reader Reader’’s Digest Digest，， he said that the United States has “lost its bearings bearings””by emphasizing individual rights at the expense of society society．．“An ethical society society，，” he said said，， “is one which matches human rights with responsibilities responsibilities．．”1．What characterizes Singapore ‘s advancement is its___s advancement is its___．．A ．computer monitoring computer monitoring．．B ．work efficiency work efficiency．．C ．high productivity high productivity．．D ．value on ethics value on ethics．．2．From Nixon From Nixon’’s perspective s perspective，， Lee is___ Lee is___．．A ．almost as great as Churchill ．B ．not as great as Churchill ．C ．only second to Churchill in being a leader ．D ．just as great as Churchill ．3．In the last paragraph In the last paragraph，， “lost its bearings lost its bearings”” may mean___ may mean___．．A ．become impatient become impatient．．B ．failed to find the right position ．C ．lost its foundation lost its foundation．．D ．grown band-mannered grown band-mannered．．4．“．“You can be anything here You can be anything here ”（”（Paragraph 5Paragraph 5Paragraph 5）） may be paraphrased as___．A ．You can hope for a very bright prospect ．B ．You may be able to do anything needed ．C ．You can choose any job as you like ．D ．You will become an outstanding worker ．5．In Singapore In Singapore，， the concept of efficiency___．A ．has been emphasized throughout the country ．B ．has become an essential quality for citizens to aim at ．C ．is brought forward by the government in order to compete with America ．D ．is known as the basis for building the “Intelligent Island Intelligent Island．”．”．”答案：答案：DDBAB DDBAB英语专业四级考试阅读理解模拟题(2)（附答案）Before the Before the mid mid mid 186018601860’’s ， the the impact of impact of impact of the the the railroads in railroads in railroads in the the the United States United States United States was limited was limited was limited，， in in the the the sense sense sense that that that the the the tracks tracks ended ended at at this this Missouri Missouri Missouri River River River，， approximately approximately the the center center of of the country. country. At At the the point point the the trains trains trains turned turned turned their their their freight freight freight，， mail mail，， and passengers over to steamboats ， wagons wagons，， and stagecoaches. This meant that wagon freighting ， stagecoaching stagecoaching，， andsteamboating steamboating did did did not not not come come come to to to an an an end end end when when when the the the first first first train train train appeared; appeared; appeared; rather rather rather they they they became became became supplements supplements supplements or or or feeders. feeders. feeders. Each Each Each new new new ““end of track of track”” became a center for animal drawn or waterborne transportation. The major effect of the railroad was to shorten the distance that had to be covered by the older ， slower slower，， and more costly means. Wagon freighters continued operating throughout throughout the the the 187018701870’’s s and and and 188018801880’’s s and and and into into into the the the 189018901890’’s. s. Although Although Although over over over constantly constantly constantly shrinking shrinking shrinking routes routes routes，， and and coaches coaches coaches and and and wagons wagons continued to crisscross the West wherever the rails had not yet been laid. The beginning of a major change was foreshadowed in in the the the later later later 186018601860’’s ， when when the the the Union Union Union Pacific Pacific Pacific Railroad Railroad Railroad at at at last last last began began began to to to build build build westward westward westward from from from the the the Central Central Central Plains Plains Plains city city city of of of Omaha Omaha to meet the Central Central Pacific Pacific Pacific Railroad Railroad Railroad advancing advancing advancing eastward eastward eastward from from California California through through through the the formidable formidable barrier barrier barrier of of the Sierra Sierra Nevada. Nevada. Although President Abraham Lincoln signed the original Pacific Railroad bill in 1862 and a revised ， financially much more generous generous version version in 18641864，， little construction construction was was completed completed until until 1865 on the Central Pacific and 1866 on the Union Pacific. The primary reason was skepticism that a Railroad built through so challenging and thinly settled a stretch of desert ， mountain mountain，， and semiarid plain could pay a profit. In the words of an economist economist，， this was a case of of ““premature enterprise enterprise”，”， where not only the cost of construction but also the very high risk deterred private investment. In discussing the Pacific Railroad bill bill，， thechair of the congressional committee bluntly stated that without government subsidy no one would undertake so unpromising a venture; yet it was a national necessity to link East and West together.1. The author refers to the impact of railroads before the late 1860’s as s as ““limited limited”” because ____A. the track did not take the direct route from one city to the nextB. passengers and freight had to transfer to other modes of transportation to reach western destinationsC. passengers preferred stagecoachesD. railroad travel was quite expensive2. What can be inferred about coaches and wagon freighters as the railroad expanded ？A. They developed competing routes.B. Their drivers refused to work for the railroads.C. They began to specialize in private investment.D. There were insufficient numbers of trained people to operate them.3. Why does the author mention the Sierra Nevada in line 17？A. To argue that a more direct route to the West could have been taken.B. To identify a historically significant mountain range in the West.C. To point out the location of a serious train accident.D. To give an example of an obstacle faced by the central pacific.4. The word 4. The word ““subsidy subsidy”” in line 27 is closest in meaning to _____ 。
2023年英语专四考试阅读备考练习题及答案
2023年英语专四考试阅读备考练习题及答案2023年英语专四考试阅读备考练习题及答案莫等闲，白了少年头，空悲切。
以下是我为大家搜寻整理的2023年英语专四考试阅读备考练习题及答案，期望对正在关注的您有所帮忙!更多精彩内容请准时关注我们应届毕业生考试网!Most of us are taught to pay attention to what is saidthe words. Words do provide us with some information, but meanings are derived from so many other sources that it would hinder our effectiveness as a partner to a relationship to rely too heavily on words alone. Words are used to describe only a small part of the many ideas we associate with any given message. Sometimes we can gain insight into some of those associations if we listen for more than words. We dont always say what we mean or mean what we say. Sometimes our words dont mean anything except Im letting off some steam. I dont really want you to pay close attention to what Im saying. Just pay attention to what Im feeling. Mostly we mean several things at once. A person wanting to purchase a house says to the current owner, This step has to be fixed before Ill buy. The owner says, Its been like that for years. Actually, the step hasnt been like that for years, but the unspoken message is: I dont want to fix it. We put up with it. Why cant you? The search for a more expansive view of meaning can be developed of examining a message in terms of who said it, when it occurred, the related conditions or situation, and how it was said.When a message occurs can also reveal associated meaning.Let us assume two couples do exactly the same amount of kissing and arguing. But one couple always kisses after an argument and the other couple always argues after a kiss. The ordering of the behaviors may mean a great deal more than the frequency of the behavior. A friends unusually docile behavior may only be understood by noting that it was preceded by situations that required an abnormal amount of assertiveness. Some responses may be directly linked to a developing pattern of responses and defy logic. For example, a person who says No! to a serials of charges like Youre dumb, Youre lazy, and Youre dishonest, may also say No! and try to justify his or her response if the next statement is And youre good looking.We would do well to listen for how messages are presented. The words, If sure has been nice to have you over, can be said with emphasis and excitement or ritualistically. The phrase can be said once or repeated several times. And the meanings we associate with the phrase will change accordingly. Sometimes if we say something infrequently it assumes more importance; sometimes the more we say something the less importance it assumes.1. Effective communication is rendered possible between two conversing partners, if ___.A.they use proper words to carry their ideas.B.they both speak truly of their own feelings.C.they try to understand each others ideas beyond words.D.they are capable of associating meaning with their words.2. Im letting off some steam in paragraph 1 means___.A.Im just calling your attention.B.Im just kidding.C.Im just saying the opposite.D.Im just giving off some sound.3. The house-owners example shows that he actually means___.A.the step has been like that for years.B.he doesnt think it necessary to fix the step.C.the condition of the step is only a minor fault.D.the cost involved in the fixing should be shared.4. Some responses and behaviors may appear very illogical, but are justifiable if___.A.linked to an abnormal amount of assertiveness.B.seen as ones habitual pattern of behavior.C.taken as part of an ordering sequenceD.expressed to a series of charges.5. The word ritualistically in the last paragraph equals something done___.A.without true intention.B.light-heartedly.C.in a way of ceremony.D.with less emphasis.答案：DBABC文档内容到此结束，欢迎大家下载、修改、丰富并分享给更多有需要的人。
2023英语专四阅读练习及答案汇总
2023英语专四阅读练习及答案汇总2023英语专四阅读练习及答案汇总成长与家庭危机The adolescent, with his passion for sincerity, always respects a parent who admits that he is wrong, or ignorant, or even that he has been unfair or unjust. What the child cannot forgive is the parent's refusal to admit these charges if the child knows them to be true.1. According to the passage, children would arouse parents' disappointment forB. talking back to their parents.C. plaining home-made dishes.D. making some spiteful remark.2. When adolescents feel disillusion with their parents, it means that theyA. feel disappointed with their parents.B. are developing into maturity.C. just want to hurt their parents.D. are expressing their discontentment.3. Adolescents in Victorian timesA. had shown more respect for parents than today.B. always answered back to deal with the problem.C. admired the authoritarian attitude of their parents.D. were too afraid to tell what they really thought.4. What is the tone of the passage?A. Critical.B. Humorous.C. Serious.D. Ambiguous.5. What does this passage mainly discuss?A. Children will bee more and more mature when growing up.B. Parents have to change their ways in educating their children.C. The conflicts between parents and their children are inevitable.D. Parents have made mistakes in munication with children.答案解析：1.[A]细节判断题。
专四模拟试题(阅读)
专四模拟试题（阅读篇1）专四模拟试题（阅读篇1）Glacier National Park in Montana shares boundaries with Canada, an American Indian reservation, and a national forest. Along the North Fork of the Flathead River, the park also borders about 17,000 acres of private lands that are currently used for ranching, timber, and agriculture. This land is an important part of the habitat and migratory routes for several endangered species that frequent the park. These private lands are essentially the only ones available for development in the region.With encouragement from the park, local landowners initiated a land use planning effort to guide the future of the North Fork. The park is a partner in an inter local agreement that calls for resource managing agencies to work together and with the more than 400 private owners in the area. A draft plan has been prepared, with objective of maintaining traditional economic uses but limiting new development that would damage park resources. Voluntary action by landowners, in cooperation with the park and the county, is helping to restrict small lot subdivisions, maintain wildlife corridors, and minimize any harmful impact on the environment.The willingness of local landowners to participate in this protection effort may have been stimulated by concerns that congress would impose a legislative solution. Nevertheless, many local residents want to retain the existing character of the area. Meetings between park officials and landowners have led to a dramatically improved understanding of all concerns.1. The passage mainly discusses______.A. the endangered species in Glacier National ParkB. the protection of lands surrounding Glacier National ParkC. conservation laws imposed by the state of MontanaD. conservation laws imposed by Congress2. Why are the private lands surrounding Glacier National Park so important?A. They function as a hunting preserve.B. They are restricted to government use.C. They are heavily populated.D. They contain natural habitats of threatened species.3. The relationship between park officials and neighboring landowners may best be described as______.A. indifferentB. intimateC. cooperativeD. disappointing4. It can be inferred from the passage that a major interest of the officials of Glacier National Park is to______.A. limit land development around the parkB. establish a new park in MontanaC. influence national legislationD. settle border disputes with Canada答案解析：1. B) 这是一道主旨题。
专四阅读理解练习题
专四阅读理解练习题专四阅读理解练习题California is a land of variety and contrast. Almost every type of physical land feature, sort of arctic ice fields and tropical jungles can be found within its borders. Sharply contrasting types of land often lie very close to one another.People living in Bakersfield, for instance, can visit the Pacific Ocean and the coastal plain, the fertile San Joaquin Valley, the arid Mojave Desert, and the high Sierra Nevada, all within a radius of about 100 miles. In other areas it is possible to go snow skiing in the morning and surfing in the evening of the same day, without having to travel long distance.Contrast abounds in California. The highest point in the United States (outside Alaska ) is in California, and so is the lowest point (including Alaska). Mount Whitney, 14,494 feet above sea level, is separated from Death Valley, 282 feet below sea level, by a distance of only 100 miles. The two areas have a difference in altitude of almost three miles.California has deep, clear mountain lakes like Lake Tahoe, the deepest in the country, but it also has shallow, salty desert lakes. It has Lake Tulainyo, 12,020 feet above sea level, and the lowest lake in the country, the Salton Sea, 236 feet below sea level. Some of its lakes, like Owens Lake in Death Valley, are not lakes at all: they are dried瞮p lake beds. In addition to mountains, lakes, valleys, deserts, and plateaus, California has its Pacific coastline, stretching longer than the coastlines of Oregon and Washington combined.1. Which of the following is the lowest point in the United States?A. Lake Tulainyo.B. Mojave desert.C. Death Valley.D. The Salton Sea.2. Where is the highest point in the United States located?A. Lake Tahoe.B. Sierra Nevada.C. Mount Whitney.D. Alaska.3. How far away is Death Valley from Mount Whitney?A. About 3 miles.B. Only 100 miles.C. 282 feet.D. 14,494 feet.4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as being within a radius of about 100 miles of Bakersfield?A. The Pacific Ocean.B. San Joaquin Valley.C. Mojave Desert.D. Oregon and Washington.5. Which statement best demonstrates that California is a land of variety and contrastA. The highest lake in California is Lake Tulainyo.B. It is possible to go surfing and snow skiing in some parts of California without having to travel long distance.C. Sierra Nevada, San Joaquin Valley, Mojave Desert and the Pacific Ocean all lie within a radius of about 100 miles.D. Owens Lake, in Death Valley, is not really a lake at all.。
Material4_5综合英语专四阅读训练
Material4_5综合英语专四阅读训练Material 4-5Text ALast year, when President George W. Bush announced that federal funds could be used to support research on human embryonic stem cells, he mandated that only those cell lines that existed at the time would qualify for such support. More than a year later it's becoming increasingly clear that these existing cell lines are inadequate. Unless more are created, the research slowdown may exact a staggering cost in terms of human suffering.Since this announcement, the U. S. National Institutes of Health has tried to stimulate research on the existing cell lines with new funding and efforts to streamline the initially cumbersome process of obtaining approved cells. However, whether there are 60 cell lines, as originally stated, or nine, as now appear to be available to NIH-funded investigators, the number is not adequate. Given the genetic diversity within the population, scientists need access to new cell lines if they are to come up with the most effective cell therapies.The issue is partly one of safety. In conducting research with human participants, we must minimize risks. The most effective cell line might not be the safest. When developing a new medicine, a large number of molecules must be screened to find a balance between effectiveness and safety. The same is true with cells. In the context of cell therapy, it will be important to minimize unwanted immune reactions and inflammation. This requires selection from a large number of cell lines to obtain the best match.It's clear from experiments with animals that stem-cell therapies can reduce human suffering. Parkinsonian mice have been cured with embryonic stem cells that were programmed to become dopamine-secreting, replacement nerve cells. Soon, cells induced to make insulin in tissue cultures will be used in attempts to treat diabetic mice. Similar successes have been achieved in animal models of spinal-cord injury, heart failure and other degenerative disorders. We are at a frontier in medicine where tissues will be restored in ways that were not imaginable just a few years ago. The ethical issues raised by human-embryo research are profound. The human costs of restricting this research must be taken into account as well. The cost in dollars of delaying new stem-cell research is difficult to estimate. It might measure in the hundreds of billions of dollars, especially if one adds the lost productivity of individuals who must leave work to care for victims of degenerative disorders.A less obvious, but real, cost is the damage to the fabric of America's extraordinary culture of inquiry and technical development in biomedical science. Our universities and teaching hospitals are unparalleled. We attract the very best students, scientists and physicians from around the world. But these institutions are fragile. Research and education play key roles in attracting the best physicians. A crippled research enterprise might add an unbearable stress with long-lasting effects on the entire system. If revolutionary new therapies are delayed or outlawed, we could be set back for years, if not decades.To steer clear of controversy, some investigators will redirect their research. Others will emigrate to countries where such research is allowed and encouraged. Some will drop out entirely.The pall cast over the science community could extend far beyond stem-cellresearch. Many therapies have emerged from collaboration between government-sponsored researchers and private enterprise. Few of these discoveries would have emerged if, for instance, recombinant DNA research had been outlawed 30 years ago. We face the same type of decision today with limits placed on human embryonic stem cells. Safeguards will be necessary. But if we do not proceed embracing the values of objective, open, inquiry with complete sharing of methods and results, the field will be left to less rigorous fringe groups here and abroad. Patients and society will suffer.1. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that the author .A. is in favor of stem-cell research.B. welcomes the research slowdown.C. takes a neutral stand on the research.D. thinks it essential to speed up the research2. The word "streamline" in the second paragraph probably means .A. strengthenB. simplifyC. ascertainD. subvert3. All of the following are the consequences of the research slowdown EXCEPT .A. the negative impact on technical advancementB. the detriment to the culture of inquiryC. the loss of one's productivityD. the collapse of American dreams4. Which of the following statements about the research isTRUE?A. Some researchers are dubious of the feasibility of the research.B. Private enterprise doesn't show the interest in the research.C. There should be a balance between caution and audacity.D. Many researchers have given up their research.5. The most suitable title for the passage would be .A. The Cell LinesB. The Stem-cell ResearchC. The Dangers of DelayD. Costs on American PatientsText B"The intensification of political risks makes discerning the economic path ahead especially difficult." Alan Greenspan's testimony to the Senate Committee on Banking on February 4th was notable for its caution. The chairman of the Federal Reserve, America's central bank, is not going to offer hostages to fortune at such a sensitive time for the world's biggest economy. Indeed, so circumspect has Mr. Greenspan become that he was unwilling to guarantee that a successful resolution to the Iraq crisis would see the economy surge ahead.But the testimony does not believe the American recovery has run out of steam. Mr. Greenspan and his colleagues are still modestly upbeat about the prospects for 2003, reckoning that by the fourth quarter of the year the economy will have grown by 3% or more compared with the last quarter of 2002. But the continuing reluctance of companies to invest, now exacerbated by the global political uncertainties, has made the Fed hesitate.Mr. Greenspan has talked about the economy going through a soft patch before. Now, though, there appears to be a newdimension to his caution. On Capitol Hill he acknowledged the possibility that what now looks like temporary setbacks might, once theIraq-related problems are resolved, turn out to be "persisting imbalances that have been misidentified as transitory".If that were to be the case, Mr. Greenspan reckons that the authorities would have to explore conventional ways of stimulating the economy—through fiscal and monetary policy—and also look at further improving America's economic flexibility. The Fed chairman is convinced that freer global trade, national economic deregulation and gains in information technology have already contributed to the economy's ability to withstand—and recover from—shocks.Neither President George Bush nor many of Mr. Greenspan's audience in Congress would be particularly thrilled to hear him argue that tax and spending policies have the potential to affect economic flexibility—especially since the Fed chairman went on to urge the politicians to reestablish fiscal discipline. Mr. Greenspan went so far as to say that, in his view, fiscal stimulus package was premature—and would be until the extent of the impact of war worries on the economy became clearer.The Fed chairman is a skilled political operator and he was careful to focus his testimony in the long term. He gave warning that the current system of budget-accounting seriously underestimated the government's future liabilities. In the end, Mr. Greenspan reckons that a government can always—and might be forced to—raise taxes, even if that harms economic growth; cutting spending is always far more difficult because of the inbuilt political resistance to such cuts. That is why Mr. Greenspan wants action now to restrain spending and curb budget deficits.6. What is the text mainly about?A. Mr. Greenspan's new policies in face of possible war with Iraq.B. Mr. Greenspan's cautious remarks about economic prospects.C. Mr. Greenspan's criticism of President Bush's fiscal package.D. Mr. Greenspan's testimony to the Congress about his work.7. What does Mr. Greenspan's testimony try to show?A. The political uncertainties make it more difficult to judge economic prospects.B. Mr. Bush's fiscal stimulus is mature enough to be carried out.C. Mr. Greenspan is optimistic about the economic prospect.D. Economic setbacks in the U. S. are temporary.8. Why does the Fed hesitate about the economic prospects?A. Because politics in the world is uncertain.B. Because companies are reluctant to invest.C. Because war with Iraq is likely to break out.D. Because Mr. Bush is going to carry out fiscal stimulus.9. What is the new dimension to Mr. Greenspan's caution in the testimony?A. The economic prospects may become uncertain.B. Economic setbacks may become transitory imbalances.C. Temporary setbacks may become everlasting imbalances.D. Economic setbacks may last for a long time.10. What are Mr. Greenspan's views on President George Bush's fiscal stimulus package?A. It is too hasty to be carried out.B. It is too difficult to carry out.C. It harms economic growth.D. It underestimates the government's liabilities。
【2018年公共英语考试四级阅读强化训练(五)】四级阅读强化训练600题答案
【2018年公共英语考试四级阅读强化训练（五）】四级阅读强化训练600题答案If ambition is to be well regarded, the rewards of ambition — wealth, distinction, control over one’s destiny — must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices made on ambition’s behalf. If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality, it must be widely shared; and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves admired, the educated not least among them. In an odd way, however, it is the educated who have claimed to have given up on ambition as an ideal. What is odd is that they have perhaps most benefited from ambition — if not always their own then that of their parents and grandparents. There is a heavy note of hypocrisy in this, a case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped — with the educated themselves riding on them.Certainly people do not seem less interested in suess and its signs now than formerly. Summer homes, European travel, BMWs — the locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago. What has happened is that people cannot confess fully to their dreams, as easily and openly as once theycould, lest they be thought pushing, acquisitive and vulgar. Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools. For such people and many more perhaps not so exceptional, the proper formulation is, “Sueed at all costs but avoid appearing ambitious.”The attacks on ambition are many and e from various angles; its public defenders are few and unimpressive, where they are not extremely unattractive. As a result, the support for ambition as a healthy impulse, a quality to be admired and fixed in the mind of the young, is probably lower than it has ever been in the United States. This does not mean that ambition is at an end, that people no longer feel its stirrings and promptings, but only that, no longer openly honored, it is less openly professed. Consequences follow from this, of course, some of which are that ambition is driven underground, or made sly. Such, then, is the way things stand: on the left angrycritics, on the right stupid supporters, and in the middle, as usual, the majority of earnest people trying to get on in life.1. It is generally believed that ambition may be well regarded if ____.A. its returns well pensate for the sacrificesB. it is rewarded with money, fame and powerC. its goals are spiritual rather than materialD. it is shared by the rich and the famous2. The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that it is ____.A. customary of the educated to discard ambition in wordsB. too late to check ambition once it has been let outC. dishonest to deny ambition after the fulfillment of the goalD. impractical for the educated to enjoy benefits from ambition3. Some people do not openly admit they have ambition because ____.A. they think of it as immoralB. their pursuits are not fame or wealthC. ambition is not closely related to material benefitsD. they do not want to appear greedy and contemptible4. From the last paragraph the conclusion can be drawn that ambition should be maintained ____.A. secretly and vigorouslyB. openly and enthusiasticallyC. easily and momentarilyD. verbally and spiritually参考答案：ACDB内容仅供参考。
大学英语专业四级阅读理解模拟试题(含答案)(05)
PART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.TEXT AA study of art history might be a good way to learn more about a culture than is possible to learn in general history classes. Most typical history courses concentrate on politics, economics, and war. But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people, but also religious beliefs, emotions, and psychology. In addition, information about the daily activities of our ancestors—or of people very different from our own—can be provided by art. In short, art expresses the essential qualities of a time and a place, and a study of it clearly offer us a deeper understanding than can be found in most history books.In history books, objective information about the political life of a country is presented; that is, facts about politics are given, but opinions are not expressed. Art, on the other hand, is subjective: it reflects emotions and opinions. The great Spanish painter Francisco Goya was perhaps the first truly “political”artist. In his well-known painting The Third of May 1808, he criticized the Spanish government for its misuse of power over people. Over a hundred years later, symbolic images were used in Pablo Picasso’s Guernica to express the horror of war. Meanwhile, on another continent, the powerful paintings of Diego Rivera, Jose Clemente Orozco, and David Alfaro Siqueiros—as well as the works of Alfredo Ramos Martines—depicted these Mexican artists’deep anger and sadness about social problems.In the same way, art can reflect a culture’s religious beliefs. For hundreds of years in Europe, religious art was almost the only type of art that existed. Churches and other religious buildings were filled with paintings that depicted people and stories from the Bible. Although most people couldn’t read, they could still understand biblical stories in the pictures on church walls. By contrast, one of the main characteristics of art in the Middle East was (and still is) its absence of human and animal images. This reflects the Islamic belief that statues are unholy.1.More can be learned about a culture from a study of art history than general history because art history__.A.show us the religious and emotions of a people in addition to political values.B.provide us with information about the daily activities of people in the past.C.give us an insight into the essential qualities of a time and a place.D.all of the above.2.Art is subjective in that__.A.a personal and emotional view of history is presented through it.B.it can easily rouse our anger or sadness about social problems.C.it will find a ready echo in our hearts.D.both B and C.3.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A.Unlike Francisco Goya, Pablo and several Mexican artists expressed their political opinions in theirpaintings.B.History books often reveal the compilers’political views.C.Religious art remained in Europe for centuries the only type of art because most people regarded the Bibleas the Holy Book.D.All the above mentioned.4.The passage is mainly discussing__.A.the difference between general history and art history.B.The making of art history.C.What can we learn from art.D.The influence of artists on art history.5.In may be concluded from this passage that__.A.Islamic artists have had to create architectural decorations with images of flowers or geometric forms.B.History teachers are more objective than general history.C.It is more difficult to study art history than general history.D.People and stories from the Bible were painted on churches and other buildings in order to popularize theBible.TEXT BAs we know, it is very important that a firm should pay attention to the training of its staff as there exist many weak parts in its various departments. Staff training must have a purpose, which is defined when a firm considers its training needs, which are in turn based on job descriptions and job specifications.A job description should give details of the performance that is required for a particular job, and a job specification should give information about the behavior, knowledge and skills that are expected of an employee who works in it. When all of this has been collected, it is possible to make a training specification. This specifies what the Training Department must teach for the successful performance of the job, and also the best methods to use in the training period.There are many different training methods, and there are advantages and disadvantages of all of them. Successful training programmes depend on an understanding of the difference between learning about skills and training in using them. It is frequently said that learning about skills takes place "off the job" in the classroom, but training in using these skills takes place "on the job", by means of such activities as practice in the workshop.It is always difficult to evaluate the costs and savings of a training programme. The success of such a programme depends not only on the methods used but also on the quality of the staff who do the training. A company can often check oh savings in time and cost by examining the work performed by the workers and technicians who have completed a training programme. The evaluation of management training is much more complex than that.6.To be successful in our training programmes, we must understand the difference between______.A. a job description and a job specificationB. what is taught and how it is taughtC. learning about skills and training in using themD. the savings in time and the savings in cost7.The success of a training programme depends on_________.A. the places where the training takes placeB. the correct evaluation of the costs and savings of the programmeC. the performance of the workers and technicians trained in the programmeD. the training methods and the quality of the training staff8. A training specification specifies_______.A. the performance required for a certain jobB. the behavior, knowledge, and skills expected of an employeeC. the training contents and methodsD. the costs and savings of the programme9.According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?A. As there exist weak parts in different departments of a firm, the training of its staff is highly necessary.B A training specification is based on the information collected from a job description and a job specification.C. Training in using skills and learning about skills usually do not happen at the same place.D. It is easier to evaluate management training than to evaluate the training of workers and technicians.10.The best title for this passage might be_______.A A Successful Training ProgrammeB. How to Describe and Specify a JobC. Staff TrainingD. The Importance of Training Workers and TechniciansTEXT CRecent research has claimed that an excess of positive ions in the air can have an ill effect on people’s physical or psychological health. What are positive ions? Well, the air is full of ions, electrically charged particles, and generally there is a rough balance between the positive and the negative charged. But sometimes this balance becomes disturbed and a larger proportion of positive ions are found. This happens naturally before thunderstorm, earthquakes when winds such as the Mistral, Hamsin or Sharav are blowing in certain countries. Or it can be caused by a build-up of static electricity indoors from carpets or clothing made of man-made fibres, or from TV sets, duplicators or computer display screens.When a large number of positive ions are present in the air many people experience unpleasant effects such as headaches, fatigue, irritability, and some particularly sensitive people suffer nausea or even mental disturbance. Animals are also affected, particularly before earthquakes, snakes have been observed to come out of hibernation, rats to flee from their burrows, dogs howl and cats jump about unaccountably. This has led the US Geographical Survey to fund a network of volunteers to watch animals in an effort to foresee such disasters before they hit vulnerable areas such as California.Conversely, when large numbers of negative ions are present, then people have a feeling of well-being. Natural conditions that produce these large amounts are near the sea, close to waterfalls or fountains, or in any place where water is sprayed, or forms a spray. This probably accounts for the beneficial effect of a holiday by the sea, or in the mountains with tumbling streams or waterfalls.To increase the supply of negative ions indoors, some scientists recommend the use of ionisers: small portable machines, which generate negative ions. They claim that ionisers not only clean and refresh the air but also improve the health of people sensitive to excess positive ions. Of course, there are the detractors, other scientists, who dismiss such claims and are skeptical about negative/positive ion research. Therefore people can only make up their own minds by observing the effects on themselves, or on others, of a negative rich or poor environment. After all it is debatable whether depending on seismic readings to anticipate earthquakes is more effective than watching the cat.1.What effect does exceeding positive ionization have on some people?A.They think they are insane.B.They feel rather bad-tempered and short-fussed.C.They become violently sick.D.They are too tired to do anything.2.In accordance with the passage, static electricity can be caused by___.ing home-made electrical goods.B.wearing clothes made of natural materials.C.walking on artificial floor coverings.D.copying TV programs on a computer.3.A high negative ion count is likely to be found___.A.near a pound with a water pump.B.close to a slow-flowing river.C.high in some barren mountains.D.by a rotating water sprinkler.4.What kind of machine can generate negative ions indoors?A.Ionisers.B.Air-conditioners.C.Exhaust-fansD.Vacuum pumps.5.Some scientists believe that___.A.watching animals to anticipate earthquakes is more effective than depending on seismography.B.the unusual behavior of animals cannot be trusted.C.neither watching nor using seismographs is reliable.TEXT DPersonality is，to large extent, inherent --A-type parents usually bring about A-type offspring. But the environment must also have a profound effect, since if competition is improtant to the parents, it is likely to become a major factor lives of their children.One place where children soak up A characteristics is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools adopt the "win at all costs" moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A types seem in some way better than their B-type fellows. Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences:remember that Pheidippides ,the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying:"Rejoice, we conquer!".By far the worst form of competition in school is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations . It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrate on those things they do well.The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable, but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful.Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A youngsters change into 'B's. The would needs types, and schools have an important duty to try to fit a child's personality to his possible future employment. It is top management.11.According to the author, what factors contribute to the building of personality?A. inheritanceb. inheritance, competition and environmentc. competitiond. environment12.Which of the following statements is not true according to the author of the passage?A.Schools usually adopt severe competitive policies.B. Students are often divided by competition results.C. School is place where children cultivate their characteristics.D. The stronger desire for winning, the better.13.The phrase "soak up" is closest in meaning to ____.A. pull upb. take upc. take ind. pull in14.What attitude does the author hold toward examinations in schools?A. positiveb. negativec. doubtfuld. neutral15.what suggestion does the author make concerning the management of schools?A. All students be made into competitive A types.B. A child's personality be considered in regard to his possible future job.C. All students be changed into B characteristics.D. Schools abolish all forms of examinations.参考答案：答案：1-5DDDCA6-10 CDCDC 11-15 BCDAA 16-20 BDCCB。
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专四阅读练习5TEXT AMost earthquakes occur within the upper 15 miles of the earth's surface. But earthquakes can and do occur at all depths to about 460 miles. Their number decreases as the depth increases. At about 460 miles one earthquake occurs only every few years. Near the surface earthquakes may run as high as 100 in a month, but the yearly average does not vary much. In comparison with the total number of earthquakes each year, the number of disastrous earthquakes is very small.The extent of the disaster in an earthquake depends on many factors. If you carefully build a toy house with an erect set, it will still stand no matter how much you shake the table. But if you build a toy house with a pack of cards, a slight shake of the table will make it fall. An earthquake in Agadir, Morocco, was not strong enough to be recorded on distant instruments, but it completely destroyed the city. Many stronger earthquakes have done comparatively little damage. A third and very serious factor is panic. When people rush out into narrow streets, more deaths will result.The United Nations has played an important part in reducing the damage done by earthquakes. It has sent a team of experts to all countries known to be affected by earthquakes. Working with local geologists and engineers, the experts have studied the nature of the ground and the type of most practical building code for the local area. If followed, these suggestions will make disastrous earthquakes almost a thing of the past.There is one type of earthquake disaster that little can be done about. This is the disaster caused by seismic sea waves, or tsunamis. In certain areas, earthquakes take place beneath the sea. These submarine earthquakes sometimes give rise to seismic sea waves. The waves are not noticeable out at sea because of their long wave length. But when they roll into harbors, they pile up into walls of water 6 to 60 feet high. The Japanese call them "tsunamis", meaning "harbor waves", because they reach a sizable height only in harbors.Tsunamis travel fairly slowly, at speeds up to 500 miles an hour. An adequate warning system is in use to warn all shores likely to be reached by the waves. But this only enables people to leave the threatened shores for higher ground. There is no way to stop the oncoming wave.81. We learn from the first paragraph that _______.A. depth suggests frequency of earthquakeB. depth suggests damage of earthquakeC. the annual number of earthquake varies muchD. the number of disastrous earthquake is striking each year82. The example of the earthquake in Agadir is used to illustrate that _______.A. people should keep a cool head when earthquakes comeB. it is one of the strongest earthquakes in historyC. a sound building construction and building sites really countD. people should avoid building a toy house with a pack of cards83. The United Nations' experts are supposed to _______.A. teach the locals how to escape from an earthquakeB. come to the rescue work whenever neededC. provide psychological aid for the survivorsD. work out a suitable pattern of building for the local area84. Which of the following statements about tsunamis is NOT true?A. The cause for tsunamis is an earthquake beneath the sea.B. Once rolling into harbours, they can be greatly disastrous.C. By preventing its coming, people can reduce the damage caused by tsunamis.D. The only thing people can do when tsunamis come is to leave as early as possible for a safer place.85. What is the main topic of the passage?A. A brief introduction of earthquake patterns.B. Efforts that people make to reduce earthquake damage.C. New patterns of earthquake disasters.D. Trends of development in tsunamis prevention.TEXT BWhen the German cruise ship Wilhelm Gustloff was hit by torpedoes (鱼雷) fired from a Russian submarine in the final winter of World War II, more than 10,000 people –mostly women, children and old people fleeing the final Red Army push into Nazi Germany –were packed aboard. An ice storm had turned the decks into frozen sheets that sent hundreds of families sliding into the sea as the ship tilted and began to go down. Others desperatelytried to put lifeboats down. Some who succeeded fought off those in the water who had the strength to try to claw their way aboard. Most people froze immediately.Now Germany's Nobel Prize-winning author Guenter Grass has revived the memory of the 9,000 dead, including more than 4,000 children – with his latest novel Crab Walk, published last month. The book, which will be out in English next year, doesn't dwell on the sinking; its heroine is a pregnant young woman who survives the catastrophe only to say later, "Nobody wanted to hear about it, not here in the West (of Germany) and not at all in the East." The reason was obvious. As Grass put it in a recent interview with the weekly Die Woche, "Because the crimes we Germans are responsible for were and are so dominant, we didn't have the energy left to tell of our own sufferings."The long silence about the sinking of the Wilhelm Gustloff was probably unavoidable – and necessary. By unreservedly owning up to their country's monstrous crimes in World War II, Germans have managed to win acceptance abroad, marginalize the neo-Nazis at home and make peace with their neighbors. Today's unified Germany is more prosperous and stable than at any time in its long, troubled history. For that, a half-century of willful forgetting about painful memories like the German Titanic was perhaps a reasonable price to pay. But even the most politically correct Germans believe that they have now earned the right to discuss the full historical record. Not to equate German suffering with that of its victims, but simply to acknowledge a terrible tragedy.86. Why was the sinking of the Wilhelm Gustloff a terrible tragedy in maritime history?A. It was attacked by Russian submarine.B. Most of its passengers were drowned.C. Its victims were mostly women and children.D. It caused a large number of casualties.87. The word "tilted" (Para.1) most probably means _______.A. leaned toward one sideB. fell apart all of a suddenC. broke into piecesD. shook vehemently88. The Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy was little talked about for more than half a century because Germans _______.A. wanted to win international acceptanceB. felt guilty for their crimes in World War IIC. couldn't get through the sorrow brought by the huge lossD. were afraid of offending their neighbors89. Which perspective does Guenter Grass choose to revive the memory of the Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy?A. The horrible scene of the torpedo attack.B. The ship's sinking in great detail.C. An interview with the weekly Die Woche.D. The survival of a young pregnant woman.90. It can be learned from the passage that Germans no longer think that _______.A. they will be misunderstood when talking about the Wilhelm Gustloff tragedyB. the Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy is a reasonable price to pay for the nation's past misdeedsC. Germany is responsible for the horrible crimes it committed in World War IID. it is wrong to equate their sufferings with those of other countriesTEXT CAn important discussion raging across the world is about the conflicting between smallholders and agribusiness corporations. Some critics say smallholders will be "exterminated" because of the unequal competition they face from large corporations for land and other resources.Agribusiness is defined as the sum of production and distribution of agricultural inputs, production operation within farms, warehousing, stocking and processing of agriculture products and byproducts. Davis and Goldberg, of Harvard, first put forward this definition in 1957. And they do not differentiate between large and small firms, and family and independently owned firms. The critics therefore are fuzzy.Buying and selling efficiently on a global scale in the long term is a game for well-prepared businesses in any industry. We must offer these opportunities to small farmers.Many researchers claim that smallholders' biggest challenge is how to add value to premium products in niche markets in which scale grains are not critical for success. As a small producer, a Swiss dairy farmer or an Ethiopian coffee grower can achieve success through premium or special products targeted at a particular group of consumers willing to pay more for those products. Organic and more recently fair-trade products fit well into this philosophy.Irrespective of the products, the challenge for the small producers is to target niche markets and to have a strong marketing capability. Interestingly, when large firms or professionally organized non-profit organizations (like Rain Forest and Agro Fair) opened their eyes to the niche areas they started growing faster.Governments in developing countries have spent lots of resources on structuring small growers' production areas, transferring land ownership rights to them and providing farms with investments and training. There have been successes, but unfortunately the percentage of failures is much larger, especially when most of the support turned out to be a blind help.91. Why are these critics fuzzy over the conflict between smallholders and agribusiness corporations?A. The definition of agribusiness has ignored the different scales of companies.B. The smallholders are to be got rid of in the future.C. Smallholders and agribusiness corporations are facing similar situation.D. Scale of a company is the key to market share.92. According to the passage, which one has NO relation with agribusiness?A. Tobacco planting.B. Warehousing.C. Edible oil processing.D. Eco-tourism.93. Which of the following statement is TRUE?A. Small businesses are left with no chance of winning the competition.B. Many critics are confused about the difference between smallholders and agribusiness corporations.C. Some critics hold a pessimistic attitude towards smallholders' future.D. Most governments have succeeded in working out useful ways to help small businesses out of difficulty.94. What does "niche market" (Para. 4) probably mean?A. A market producing peculiar things.B. A market with fierce competition for land and resources.C. A market specially set up for small businesses.D. A market more suitable for smallholders for its less fierce competition.95. How can smallholders survive the competition?A. By targeting markets ignored by the agribusinesses giants.B. By setting up an association to protect their interests.C. By turning to local governments for financial help.D. By forming non-profit organizations for faster growth. TEXT DWe dream for four hours every night, but may just be able to remember one dream every few days. It is every person's secret life and one we typically want to know more about. We want to tap into those nighttime fantasies that have us flying, saving the world and dating movie stars. And we'd like to both learn from and escape our nightmares, e.g. being chased by wild animals, falling off a cliff or sitting down to an exam we never studied for.Dream researchers find that pain is rarely experienced in dreams. And we do dream in color. But because it's so hard to remember dreams most people forget that fact. 70 to 80 percent of a dream's content comes from the previous day, though the elderly often dream of events of their teens and twenties. Women dream of males and females, and their dreams are often focused on relationships. Men's dreams focus more on males, success and failure.Today's dream experts agree with Sigmund Freud, who believed that dreams were the subconscious way of communicating with us and getting to know our dreams was a way to learn about ourselves. For instance, having nightmares means you are psychologically disturbed, suffering from stress, anxiety or depression. Nightmares can be stopped. One way to do this is by dealing with the problem. Confronting a bully at work could stop the dreams of their breaking into your house.Another way is to write dreams down, changing any detail that doesn't feel right. That could mean making the monster run away, or simply changing the color of the walls. Doing this helps get the fear out of nightmares, and they disappear.96. What does the phrase "tap into" (Para.1) probably mean?A. Take advantage of.B. Make use of.C. Explore.D. Examine.97. According to today's dream experts, which of the following statement is NOT correct?A. Dreams reflect one's subconsciousness.B. Nightmares result from psychological disturbance.C. Nightmares can be avoided.D. A good dream will bring good luck in the coming days.98. If meeting a bully at work, how should a person avoid dreaming about him at night?A. Change color of the walls.B. Deal with the problems with him boldly.C. Change a job.D. Stop him breaking into your house.99. What's probably the reason why we dream of flying?A. We work on the mechanics of flying.B. We cry for freedom.C. We are planning a travel by sea.D. We are suffering from loneliness.100. Which of the following methods is NOT mentioned to drive away nightmares?A. To ask for psychological counseling.B. To change the color of sleeping environment.C. To change any unpleasant detail by writing the dream down.D. To confront the tough problem or person.。