Training material_定性调研课件

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training material for msa

training material for msa
Stability
Introduction: Where does the variation of measurement system come from?
• The Five Characterizations of Measurement System: 1. Location Variation: Bias; Stability; Linearity Linearity is the difference in the bias values through the expected operating range of the measurement instrument. It is a systematic error component of the measurement system.
Variable Gage
Attribute Gage (Go/No-go Gage)
Introduction: What is a measurement process
Measurement: The assignment of a numerical value to material things to represent the relations among them with respect to a particular process. Measurement Process: The process of assigning the numerical value to material things.
Repeatability
Introduction: Where does the variation of measurement system come from?

training material for msa(ppt 61页)

training material for msa(ppt 61页)
Training Material for
MEASUREMENT SYSTEM ANALYSIS
Contents :
1) INTRODUCTION FOR MEASUREMENT SYSTEM ANALYSIS
2) GENERAL METHODS ILLUSTRATION FOR
MEASUREMENT SYSTEM ANALYSIS
Introduction: Where does the variation of measurement system come from?
• The Five Characterizations of Measurement System: 1. Location Variation: Bias; Stability; Linearity Bias is the difference between the observed average of measurements and a reference value. Bias is often referred to as accuracy. It is a systematic error component of the measurement system
Introduction: Where does the variation of measurement system come from?
• The Five Characterizations of Measurement System: 1. Location Variation: Bias; Stability; Linearity Stability(Alias: Drift): Stability is the total variation in the measurements obtained with a measurement system on the same master or parts when measuring a single characteristic over an extended time period. A stable measurement process is in statistical control with respect to location.

training material for msa

training material for msa

Introduction: Where does the variation of measurement system come from?
• The Five Characterizations of Measurement System: 1. Location Variation: Bias; Stability; Linearity Bias is the difference between the observed average of measurements and a reference value. Bias is often referred to as accuracy. It is a systematic error component of the measurement system
• Followings are some practical examples to illustrate how to perform four methods respectively.
Analysis Techniques: Preparation before MSA
1. The approach to be used should be planned. 2. The number of appraisers, number of sample parts, and number of repeat readings should be determined in advance. 3. The appraisers should be selected form those who normally operate the instrument. 4. The sample parts must be selected from the process and represent its entire operating range. 5. The instrument must have a discrimination that allows at least one-tenth of the expected process variation of the characteristic to be read directly. 6. The measurement procedure should be defined in advance to ensure the consistent measuring method.

《定性调查》PPT课件

《定性调查》PPT课件
定性调查与定量调查的结合,可以更透彻地了解消 费者的需求。获得的资料内容更加丰富,也更具有 人情味、更具提醒性。
• 定性调查的局限
1 无法甄别细微差别导致的工作成败 2 不一定能反映出调查者所感兴趣的人群 3 调查人员的素质参差不齐
访问法
是将所拟定的பைடு நூலகம்查事项,以当面、 或者书面方式向被调查者提出询问, 以获得所需资料的调查方法。
完毕阶段
➢征求意见 ➢ 核对记录 ➢ 及时整理 分析
深度访问法
• 深度访问法是一种无构造、直接的、 一对一的访问,事先不拟定问卷、 访问提纲或访问的标准程序,由访 问者与受访者就某些问题自由交谈, 从交谈中获得信息的资料收集方法。
• 深度访问的过程
• 明确访问主题 • 如何进展访问、问什么问题完全由访
• 采用小型座谈会的形式,挑选一组 具有代表性的消费者或客户,在主 持人的组织下,就某个专题进展讨 论,从而获得对有关问题的深入了 解的资料收集方法。
• 特点:
• 通过与假设干受访者的集体座谈来了 解市场信息
• 一对多的交谈——
• 是主持人与多个被访者相互影响、相 互作用的过程
• 是经过精心组织安排的专题座谈会
3 便于对保密、敏感问题进行调查
4 便于评价所获得信息的信度和效度
5 访问的弹性更大
• 缺点
1 对访谈人员资深的素质要求更高 2 样本量偏小,偏差或误差较大
3 所得资料难以进行量化统计或推论 4 费用较高
5 受访者的合作
小组座谈法
• 什么是小坐座谈法
• 重点小组或焦点小组〔focus groups discussion,FGD〕
• 优点
• 参与者首先说明自己的想法然后再讨 论。

定性分析调PPT课件

定性分析调PPT课件
[Cd2+][S2-]=Ksp [S2-]=Ksp/[Cd2+]=7.1×10-23
[H+]=0.31mol/L 。 溶液的酸度不大于0.3mol/L,第二组硫化物都可 以完全沉淀出来。
.
10
第三组用溶度积最小的ZnS来计算,设[Zn2+]
=0.1mol/L,与之平衡的[S2-]为:
[Zn2+][S2-]=Ksp=1.2×10-23
0.2mol/LHCl。
.
12
(三)铜组与锡组 铜组(IIA):铅、铋、铜、镉。硫化物属于碱性
,不溶于NaOH、Na2S、(NH4)2S等碱性试剂 锡组(IIB):砷、锑、锡(IV)、汞。硫化物属于两
性,且酸性更为明显,能溶于上述几种碱性试剂。
本组硫化物与Na2S的反应是:
HgS+S2-=HgS22As2S3+3S2-=2AsS33Sb2S3+3S2-=2SbS33SnS2+S2-=SnS32-
.
3
2. 检出限量m(μg): 在一定条件下,某鉴定反应所能检出离子
的最小质量,单位:μg,记为m。检出限量 越小,反应越灵敏。又称为质量灵敏度。 3. 两种灵敏度间的换算关系
1:G=m×10-6:V m=V×106/G 表示反应的灵敏度时,要同时指出其最低 浓度和检出限量。
.
4
(二)鉴定反应的选择性 特效反应 在其他离子共存时不受干扰地鉴
过量的浓NaOH,这时只有Cd(OH)2能够沉淀,将 Cd(OH)2以稀的 甘油 —碱溶液洗净,溶于3mol/L HCl中,用水稀释,至酸度约为0.3mol/L,通人
.
8
三、第二组阳离子的分析
(铜锡组、硫化氢组)

Trainingmaterial定性调研课件

Trainingmaterial定性调研课件

Focus group discussion
• Summary: Collect multiple perspectives and opinions • Detailed description: Focus group discussion is a qualitative research
method that involves organizing a group of representative interviewees for group discussions to collect their perspectives, opinions, and feelings. In qualitative research on training materials, focus group discussions can help researchers understand the trainees' views and evaluations of the training materials, as well as their needs and expectations for the training materials. Through group discussions, researchers can gather multiple perspectives and opinions, which helps to comprehensively understand the needs and expectations of trainees.
Conduct research to understand the needs and expectations of students for training materials, providing a basis for the design of training materials.

trainingmaterialformsa.pptx


Introduction: Where does the variation of measurement system come from?
• The Five Characterizations of Measurement System: 1. Location Variation: Bias; Stability; Linearity Bias is the difference between the observed average of measurements and a reference value. Bias is often referred to as accuracy. It is a systematic error component of the measurement system
Introduction: The category of Measurement System
• Most industrial measurement system can be divided two categories, one is variable measurement system, another is attribute measurement system. An attribute gage cannot indicate how good or how bad a part is , but only indicates that the part is accepted or rejected. The most common of these is a Go/No-go gage.
Training Material for
MEASUREMENT SYSTEM ANALYSIS

《定性调查》课件

联系
虽然定量调查和定性调查在方法和目的上存在差异,但它们都是社会科学研究的 重要手段,可以相互补充。在某些情况下,可以先进行定性调查以了解研究领域 的背景和现状,再通过定量调查进行大规模的数据收集和分析。
02 定性调查方法
访谈法
总结词:直接交流
详细描述:访谈法是一种直接与受访者进行交流的方法,通过面对面的沟通,可 以深入了解受访者的观点、态度和行为。

讨论
对结果进行解释、分析 和讨论。
结论
总结调查发现,提出建 议和展望。
参考文献
列出报告所引用的文献 和资料。
报告的语言和表达
数据呈现
清晰、直观地展示 数据和信息。
文字排版
注意字体、字号、 行间距等排版细节 。
语言规范
使用准确、简练、 专业的语言。
图表制作
选用合适的图表类 型,使数据可视化 。
图文配合
为后续的调查设计提供指导。
确定调查范围和对象
要点一
总结词
确定调查范围和对象是定性调查设计的重要环节,直接影 响调查的准确性和可靠性。
要点二
详细描述
调查范围决定了调查的广度,即哪些领域或群体将纳入调 查范围;调查对象则决定了调查的深度,即具体的样本或 个体。选择适当的调查范围和对象是确保调查准确性和可 靠性的关键,有助于获取具有代表性的数据和信息。
观察法
总结词
需要专业训练
详细描述
观察法需要经过专业训练,掌握观察 技巧和方法,以确保观察结果准确可 靠。
焦点小组法
总结词:集体讨论
详细描述:焦点小组法是一种通过集 体讨论的方式,了解受访者对某一主 题或产品的看法和意见的方法。
焦点小组法
总结词:互动性强

定性调研方法介绍.pptx

• 目的:发现和归纳一些在常规的调研提问中所不能 获得的意见、感受、经历。具体体现为以下四点:
• 获取创意,理解顾客语言,显示顾客对产品或服务 的需要、动机、感觉以及心态,帮助理解从定量分 析中获得的信息。
• 获取创意:柯达案例
• 理解顾客语言:了解顾客在描述一项产品或服务时使用 的词句,以便在产品或服务宣传用词方面加以改进。如 DHA
直接观察与间接观察
• 直接观察指观察正在发生的行为。如购买西红柿的行为。 • 间接观察指观察过去的行为。调研者往往注意这一行为造
成的影响或结果多于注意行为本身。又分为档案记录及实 物痕迹。 • --档案记录:与现实问题有关的历史记录。作为第二手资 料,往往包括了较多的信息,又不应忽视。档案记录有多 种形式:电话记录观察销售人员电话访问的频率,仓库中 存货的变化反应市场销售情况,收银机扫描数据往往反应 价格变化对市场的影响。
优秀主持人应具备的10项条件
• 1. 对焦点小组调研有经验 • 2. 能够提供足够的帮助,使焦点小组访谈调研设计方案概念化,而不
只是简单地按照客户所想来执行访谈。 • 3. 在执行访谈之前,应准备详细的主持人提纲 • 4. 参与事先的准备工作,以对所讨论的领域有更好的了解 • 5. 对于计划访谈提供一些附加价值,而不仅是有效地执行访谈计划 • 6. 在不引导和不影响参与者的情况下,保持对访谈的控制 • 7. 愿意使用现代技术,如视觉刺激、概念图、态度量表或角色扮演等
人工观察与机械观察
• 人工观察:观察者是调研者雇用的人员或调研者本 人。
• 机械观察:如利用自动交通计数器统计车流量; • 用旋转门转动的次数统计进场观看比赛的人数。用
仪器代替人工记录家庭收看电视的习惯。
4.2.1.2 适用条件

市场调查与分析第五章 定性调研PPT课件


❖ 在调研过程的每一阶段包括之前、之中和之后, 为客户提供正确的反馈信息。
❖ 可靠性、可信赖性、责任心、独立精神和克服 困难的顽强意志。
❖ 与客户相契合的个人授课作:X风XX。
19
实施步骤3:编制讨论指南
❖ 讨论指南是小组会中所要涉及的话题概要,由主持 人根据调研客体和委托商所需信息设计的,以保证 按一定顺序逐一讨论所有突出的话题。
❖ B利用“剪贴技术”,步骤:
❖ —第一步是重放全部小组会议过程。
❖ —然后,调研人员审视整个过程,分析各种反应方式 的思路和倾向,将各组中类似的反应方式剪辑在一起, 分别存放在不同的文件夹中。
❖ —最后编写真正的报告。包括:调研目的、所调查的
主要问题、参与者的个人情况、征选过程、总结调研
发现、提出建议❖ 最后Fra bibliotek缺乏优秀的调研人员
授课:XXX
8
5.2 定性调研方法
❖ 1、焦点小组访谈法
❖ —电话焦点小组访谈法、双向焦点小组访谈法、电视会议焦 点小组访谈法、名义编组会议法
❖ 2、深度访谈法
❖ —一对一访谈法
❖ 3、投射法
❖ —词语联想法、句子和故事完型法、漫画测试法、照片归类 法、消费者图画法、第三人称法等
组织焦点小组访谈的关键个性特征和技巧
❖ 对人、人的行为、情感、生活方式、激情和观点真正感兴趣。
❖ 接受并重视人与人之间的区别,尤其是同自己的生活截然不同的人。
❖ 良好的倾听技巧:既要能听到说出来的,又要能分辨没有说出来的 潜台词。
❖ 良好的观察技巧:能观察到正在发生的和没发生的细节,善于理解 肢体语言。
❖ 5、每一个成员独立地对集中起来的意见的重要 性进行分类或分等
❖ 6、小组讨论以上分等,直到达成一致。总结出
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Makes me younger
Makes skin soft & smooth
Now we are getting somewhere!
The obvious/ rational factors
Moisturise skin Replenish lost
moisture
Copyright 2001 ACNielsen
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Copyright 2001 ACNielsen
Qualitative VS. Quantitative
Based on different principles and method
Qualitative
Describes and understands the consumer as an individual. Uses small samples. Unstructured and flexible.
Makes skin soft & smooth
The obvious/ rational factors
Moisturise skin Replenish lost
moisture
Copyright 2001 ACNielsen
What ads say
11

QUALITATIVE RESEARCH TECHNIQUES
EXPLORATORY
DIAGNOSTIC
CONCEPT
ADVERTISING
PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
POSITIONING
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Copyright 2001 ACNielsen
USES AND ABUSES OF FGDS
Uses: • to collect the different thoughts of ideas, thoughts, reactions of
Standard Groups
Friendship Groups
Mini Groups
Paired Depths
Conflict Groups
Reconvened Groups
Depth Interviews
Triads
Observation
• Appropriate methodologies selected after careful consideration of the project objectives.
Makes skin soft & smooth
The obvious/ rational factors
Moisturise skin Replenish lost
moisture
Copyright 2001 ACNielsen
What ads say
8
UNVEILING WOMEN’S SECRETS!!!
people • to uncover possibly new dimensions or aspects of an issue/
topic • to provide insight into a problem/ issue • to provide thinking about the feasibility of some proposition • to guide the structuring of a quantitative enquiry • to provide a creative think tank
6
Copyright 2001 ACNielsen
UNVEILING WOMEN’S SECRETS!!!
Moisturise skin Makes skin soft &
smooth
Copyright 2001 ACNielsen
What ads say
7
UNVEILING WOMEN’S SECRETS!!!
• Client has no clue about Consumer Attitudes/ Perceptions/Decision-making process/ Selection Factors
• Issues/clarifications needed prior to larger-scale quantification (in-home placement; BASES etc.)
To cover a wide range of topics and be able to explore them freely
2
Copyright 2001 ACNielsen
WHAT IS QUALITATIVE RESEARCH ?
A specialised, IN-DEPTH means of exploring
Abuses • to use it as a mini survey
15
Copyright 2001 ACNielsen
Qualitative VS. Quantitative
Qualitative answers WHY Quantitative answers HOW MANY
Qualitative
WHAT
Motivates people to use this category
5
Copyright 2001 ACNielsen
WHAT IS QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
WHY DO WOMEN USE MOISTURISERS?
A quantitative study will show: Moisturise my skin: x% Make my skin softer: y%
Discussion guide. Response oriented.
Quantitative
Tests and measures the consumers as a mass market.
Uses large samples.
Structured and fixed once confirmed.
Quantitative Can
Measure Monitor Estimate Forecast
18
Copyright 2001 ACNielsen
Qualitative VS. Quantitative
Remember:
Qualitative gives direction, insight and understanding. Quantitative tells you how many, how large.
Qualitative Research
Copyright 2001 ACNielsen
What is qualitative research?
Less formal and structured in content - but analysis is structured and based on psychology principals and models
Will tell you that your brand’s image is aggressive, professional, sophisticated and so on.
Will track changes in a brand’s image as result of advertising.
Quantitative
Will tell you what things are important to someone choosing a brand and why.
Will tell you which choice factors are the most important ones.
To give you a depth of understanding - rather than numeric data
To explain WHY rather than tell you WHAT
To give you an understanding of the market's dynamics
Structured questionnaire.
Question oriented.
17
Copyright 2001 ACNielsen
Qualitative VS. Quantitative
Qualitative Can
Understand Discover Diagnose Gain insight
Designed to answer questions like ....
WHY...
do people use one brand of shampoo instead of another
HOW
do people interpret advertising
HOW
Should I position my new product?
• Its not standard groups every time!
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Copyright 2001 ACNielsen
HOW QUALI FITS INTO THE RESEARCH PROCESS
• Often, it is the FIRST step - the BEGINNING!
Will diagnose whether and advertising campaign is capable of achieving the objectives set for it.
Will measure the effectiveness of a campaign in achieving specified objective.
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