考研英语(阅读)-试卷27
考研英语（阅读）-试卷27(总分：70.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 Reading Comprehension(总题数：7，分数：70.00)1.Section II Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.（分数：10.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：As college seniors hurtle into the job hunt, little lies on the resume—for example, claiming a degree when they"re three credits shy of graduation—seem harmless enough. So new grads ought to read this memo now: those 20-year-old falsehoods on cream-colored, 32-lb. premium paper have ruined so many high-profile executives that you wonder who in the business world hasn"t got themessage.A.resume listing two fabricated degrees led to the resignation of David Edmondson, CEO of RadioShack, in February. Untruthful resume have also hindered the careers of executives at the U.S. Olympic Committee. The headlines haven"t dented job seekers" desire to dissemble even as employers have grown increasingly able to detect deception. InfoLink Screening Services, a background-checking company, estimates that 14% of job applicants in the U.S. lie about their education on their resumes. Employees who lie to get in the door can cause untold damage on a business, experts say, from staining the reputation and credibility of a firm to upendingco-workers and projects to igniting shareholder wrath—and that"s if the he is found out. Even when it isn"t, the falsified resume can indicate a deeply rooted inclination toward unethical behavior. "There"s a lot of evidence that those who cheat on job applications also cheat in school and in life," says Richard Griffith, director of the industrial and organizational psychology program at the Florida Institute of Technology. "If someone says they have a degree and they don"t, I"d have little faith that person would tell the truth when it came to financial statements and so on." Employers" fears have sparked a boom in the background-screening industry. But guarding the henhouse does little good if the fox is already nestled inside. To unmask the deceivers among them, some employers are conducting checks upon promotion. Verified Person markets its ability to provide ongoing employee screening through automated criminal checks. With this increased alertness comes a thorny new dilemma; figuring out whether every lie is really a fireable offense. Many bosses feel that a worker"s track record on the job speaks more strongly than a stretched resume, says John Challenger of the outplacement firm Challenger, Gray & Christmas. Rather than booting talented workers, Challenger suggests, employers should offer a pardon period "A moratorium would let anyone who needs to come clean," he says And the culprit could always go back to school and finish that degree—maybe even on company time.（分数：10.00）(1).By citing the examples of David Edmondson, the author intends to show that_____.（分数：2.00）A.little lies on the resume seem risk-free to the companyB.falsehoods on the resume may lead to career collapse √C.high-profile executives have to be careful about their backgroundD.fabricated degrees can sometimes bring positions to senior executives解析：解析：事实细节题。
举例一般是为了说明某一观点/看法，因而要在例子前面找答案。
第二句说到许多高管因为简历造假而纷纷下马，可见第三句的例子是为了举例说明第二句的情况。
B项为正确答案。
(2).By saying "The headlines haven"t dented job seekers" desire to dissemble" (Para. 2), the author means that _____.（分数：2.00）A.the news hasn"t prevented job applicants from being dishonest √B.the headings have made job seekers more eager to hide their true feelingsC.the news hasn"t any kind of impacts on job applicants at allD.the headings have succeeded in persuading job seekers to give up lying解析：解析：句意理解题。
题干所引述的句子为第二段第一句，原文中其后的内容对其进行例证。
根据第二句提供的数据“在美国，约14%的求职者在简历中谎报受教育经历”，可推断出造假行为并没有因为新闻而消失，故A项正确。
(3).If a lie is found out, one consequence will probably be _____.（分数：2.00）A.the increased number of laid-off coworkersB.the interference of stakeholdersC.the possibility of more unethical behaviorsD.the ruined image of the company √解析：解析：推理判断题。
根据第三段第一句，作者列举了三种后果“损害公司声誉、影响同事的正常工作和项目的正常进行以及引起股东的愤怒”，可得出D项为正确答案。
(4).Falsehood on resume shows that the job seeker may _____.（分数：2.00）A.have extreme views towards workingB.be more likely to cheat in other fields √C.stay honest in financial statementsD.seek other ways to convey the truth解析：解析：观点态度题。
考研英语(一)-27
考研英语(一)-27(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Reading Comprehension(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：20.00)The longest bull run in a century of art-market history ended on a dramatic note with a sale of 56 works by Damien Hirst, Beautiful Inside My Head Forever, at Sotheby"s in London on September 15th 2008. All but two pieces sold, fetching more than ￡70m, a record for a sale by a single artist. It was a last victory. As the auctioneer called out bids, in New York one of the oldest banks on Wall Street, Lehman Brothers, filed for bankruptcy.The world art market had already been losing momentum for a while after rising bewilderingly since 2003. At its peak in 2007 it was worth some $65 billion, reckons Clare McAndrew, founder of Arts Economics, a research firm—double the figure five years earlier. Since then it may have come down to $50 billion. But the market generates interest far beyond its size because it brings together great wealth, enormous egos, greed, passion and controversy in a way matched by few other industries.In the weeks and months that followed Mr. Hirst"s sale, spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable . In the art world that meant collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms. Sales of contemporary art fell by two-thirds, and in the most overheated sector, they were down by nearly 90% in the year to November 2008. Within weeks the world"s two biggest auction houses, Sotheby"s and Christie"s, had to pay out nearly $200m in guarantees to clients who had placed works for sale with them.The current downturn in the art market is the worst since the Japanese stopped buying Impressionists at the end of 1989. This time experts reckon that prices are about 40% down on their peak on average, though some have been far more fluctuant. But Edward Dolman, Christie"s chief executive, says: "I"m pretty confident we"re at the bottom."What makes this slump different from the last, he says, is that there are still buyers in the market. Almost everyone who was interviewed for this special report said that the biggest problem at the moment is not a lack of demand but a lack of good work to sell. The three Ds—death, debt and divorce—still deliver works of art to the market. But anyone who does not have to sell is keeping away, waiting for confidence to return.（分数：20.00）(1).In the first paragraph, Damien Hirst"s sale was referred to as "a last victory" because （分数：4.00）A.the art market had witnessed a succession of victories.B.the auctioneer finally got the two pieces at the highest bids.C.Beautiful Inside My Head Forever won over all masterpieces.D.it was successfully made just before the world financial crisis. √解析：[解析] 含义题。
考研英语历年英语阅读真题及答案
考研英语历年英语阅读真题及答案引导语：为了帮助大家更好地准备考研，以下是店铺为大家整理的2017考研英语一阅读真题及答案，欢迎阅读!Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1First two hours , now three hours—this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight , at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security lines.Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804,which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea ,provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans’ economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.Last year, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons---both fake and real—past airport security nearly every time they tried .Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving Chicago’s O’Hare International .It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become—but the lines areobvious.Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel , so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.There is one step the TSA could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: Enroll more people in the PreCheck program. PreCheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the TSA. Passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. This allows the TSA wants to enroll 25 million people in PreCheck.It has not gotten anywhere close to that, and one big reason is sticker shock. Passengers must pay $85 every five years to process their background checks. Since the beginning, this price tag has been PreCheck’s fatal flaw. Upcoming reforms might bring the price to a more reasonable level. But Congress should look into doing so directly, by helping to finance PreCheck enrollment or to cut costs in other ways.The TSA cannot continue diverting resources into underused PreCheck lanes while most of the traveling public suffers in unnecessary lines. It is long past time to make the program work.21. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804 is mentioned to______.[A] stress the urgency to strengthen security worldwide[B] explain American’s tolerance of current security checks[C] highlight the necessity of upgrading major U.S. Airports[D] emphasize the importance of privacy protection【答案】B【解析】答案为B。
考研英语一完型填空专项强化真题试卷27(题后含答案及解析)
考研英语一完型填空专项强化真题试卷27(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious【B1】______to how they can best【B2】______such changes. Growing bodies need movement and【B3】______, but not just in ways that emphasize competition.【B4】______they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the【B5】______that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are【B6】______by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be【B7】______to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers,【B8】______, publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews,【B9】______student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. A variety of small clubs can provide【B10】______opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful【B11】______dynamics. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the【B12】______of some kind of organization with a supportive adult【B13】______visible in the background. In these activities, it is important to remember that the young teens have【B14】______attention spans. A variety of activities should be organized 【B15】______participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to 【B16】______else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants 【B17】______. This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility.【B18】______, they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by【B19】______for roles that are within their【B20】______and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules.1．【B1】A．thoughtB．ideaC．opinionD．advice正确答案：A解析：考查名词辨析。
2009年考研英语真题阅读理解试题(附答案、解析、翻译)
A history of long and effortless success can be a dreadful handicap, but, if properly handled, it may become a driving force. When the United States entered just such a glowing period after the end of the Second World War, it had a market eight times larger than any competitor, giving its industries unparalleled economies of scale. Its scientists were the world's best, its workers the most skilled. America and Americans were prosperous beyond the dreams of the Europeans and Asians whose economies the war had destroyed.It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew richer. Just as inevitably, the retreat from predominance proved painful. By the mid-1980s Americans had found themselves at a loss over their fading industrial competitiveness. Some huge American industries, such as consumer electronics, had shrunk or vanished in the face of foreign competition. By 1987 there was only one American television maker left, Zenith. (Now there is none: Zenith was bought by South Korea's LG Electronics in July。
2013年考研英语二真题及优化详解【试卷打印版】
2013年全国硕士研究生英语二入学统一考试Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET . (10 points)Given the advantage of electronic money, you might think that we should move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically.___1___, a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions have been___2___for two decades but have not yet come to fruition.For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment “would soon revolutionize the very___3___of money itself,” only to___4___itself several years later. Why has the movement to a cashless society been so___5___in coming?Although e-money might be more convenient and may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work___6___the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very___7___to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic money the___8___form of payment. Second, paper checks have the advantage that they___9___receipts, something that many consumers are unwilling to___10___. Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of "float"---it takes several days___11___a check is cashed and funds are___12___from the issuer's account, which means that the writer of the check can cam interest on the funds in the meantime. ___13___electronic payments are immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer. Fourth, electronic means of payment may___14___security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information ___15___there. The fact that this is not an___16___occurrence means that dishonest persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and___17___funds by moving them from someone else's accounts. The___18___of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a new field of computer science is developing to___19___security issues. A further concern is that the use of electronic means of payment leaves an electronic___20___that contains a large amount of personal data. There are concerns that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby violating our privacy.1. [A] However [B] Moreover [C] Therefore [D] Otherwise2. [A] off [B] back [C] over [D] around3. [A] power [B] concept [C] history [D] role4. [A] reward [B] resist [C] resume [D] reverse5. [A] silent [B] sudden [C] slow [D] steady6. [A] for [B] against [C] with [D] on7. [A] imaginative [B] expensive [C] sensitive [D] productive8. [A] similar [B] original [C] temporary [D] dominant9. [A] collect [B] provide [C] copy [D] print10. [A] give up [B] take over [C] bring back [D] pass down11. [A] before [B] after [C] since [D] when12. [A] kept [B] borrowed [C] released [D] withdrawn13. [A] Unless [B] Until [C] Because [D] Though14. [A] hide [B] express [C] raise [D] ease15. [A] analyzed [B] shared [C] stored [D] displayed16. [A] unsafe [B] unnatural [C] uncommon [D] unclear17. [A] steal [B] choose [C] benefit [D] return18. [A] consideration [B] prevention [C] manipulation [D] justification19. [A] cope with [B] fight against [C] adapt to [D] call for20. [A] chunk [B] chip [C] path [D] trailSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing [A] , [B] , [C] or [D] Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET . (40 points)Text 1In an essay, entitled “Making It in America,” in the latest issue of The Atlantic, the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton country about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill has only two employees today, “a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog, and the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.”Davidson’s article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and sagging middle-class incomes today is largely because of the big drop in demand because of the Great Recession, but it is also because of the quantum advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign workers.In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job, could earn an average lifestyle. But, today, average is officially over. Being average just won’t earn you what it used to. It can’t when so many more employers have so much more access to so much more above average cheap foreign labor, cheap robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius. Therefore, everyone needs to find their extra — their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment. Average is over.Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will. As they say, if horses could have voted, there never would have been cars. But there’s been an acceleration. As Davidson notes, “In the 10 years ending in 2009, (U.S.) factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70 years; roughly one out of every three manufacturing jobs — about 6 million in total — disappeared.”There will always be changes —new jobs, new products, new services. But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the IT revolution, the best jobs will require workers to have more and better education to make themselves above average. Here are the latest unemployment rates from the Bureau of Labor Statistics for Americans over 25 years old: those with less than a high school degree, 13.8 percent; those with a high school degree and no college, 8.7 percent; those with some college or associate degree, 7.7 percent; and those with bachelor’s degree or higher, 4.1 percent.In a world where average is officially over, there are many things we need to do to buttress employment, but nothing would be more important than passing some kind of G.I. Bill for the 21st century that ensures that every American has access to post-high school education.21. The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate__________.[A] the impact of technological advances[B] the alleviation of job pressure[C] the shrinkage of textile mills[D] the decline of middle-class incomes22. According to Paragraph 3, to be a successful employee, one has to_________.[A] work on cheap software[B] ask for a moderate salary[C] adopt an average lifestyle[D] contribute something unique23. The quotation in Paragraph 4 explains that _________.[A] gains of technology have been erased[B] job opportunities are disappearing at a high speed[C] factories are making much less money than before[D] new jobs and services have been offered24. According to the author, to reduce unemployment, the most important is__________[A] to accelerate the IT revolution[B] to ensure more education for people[C] to advance economic globalization[D] to pass more bills in the 21st century25. Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?[A] New Law Takes Effect[B] Technology Goes Cheap[C] Average Is Over[D] Recession Is BadText 2A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic included settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and 7 million people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for example, eventually returned to Italy for good. They even had an affectionate nickname, “uccelli di passaggio,” birds of passage.Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants. We divide newcomers into two categories: legal or illegal, good or bad. We hail them as Americans in the making, or brand them as aliens fit for deportation. That framework has contributed mightily to our broken immigration system and the long political paralysis over how to fix it. We don’t need more categories, but we need to change the way we think about categories. We need to look beyond strict definitions of legal and illegal. To start, we can recognize the new birds of passage, those living and thriving in the gray areas. We might then begin to solve our immigration challenges.Crop pickers, violinists, construction workers, entrepreneurs, engineers, home health-care aides and physicists are among today’s birds of passage. They are energetic participants in a global economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas. They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them. They can manage to have a job in one place and a family in another.With or without permission, they straddle laws, jurisdictions and identities with ease. We need them to imagine the United States as a place where they can be productive for a while without committing themselves to staying forever. We need them to feel that home can be both here and there and that they can belong to two nations honorably.Accommodating this new world of people in motion will require new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle. Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrong means opening up the middle ground and understanding that managing immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes. Including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system.26. “Birds of passage” refers to those who________[A] immigrate across the Atlantic.[B] leave their home countries for good.[C] stay in a foreign country temporarily.[D] find permanent jobs overseas.27. It is implied in Paragraph 2 that the current immigration system in the US________[A] needs new immigrant categories.[B] has loosened control over immigrants.[C] should be adapted to meet challenges.[D] has been fixed via political means.28. According to the author, today’s birds of passage want_________[A] financial incentives.[B] a global recognition.[C] opportunities to get regular jobs.[D] the freedom to stay and leave.29 The author suggests that the birds of passage today should be treated __________[A] as faithful partners.[B] with economic favors.[C] with legal tolerance.[D] as mighty rivals.30 Which of the following is the most appropriate title?[A] come and go: big mistake.[B] living and thriving: great risk.[C] with or without: great risk.[D] legal or illegal: big mistake.Text 3Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whether someone is dangerous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react very quickly, within milliseconds. But we need more time to assess other factors. To accurately tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least a minute, preferably five. It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality, like neuroticism or open-mindedness.But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren’t exclusive to the interpersonal realm. Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fast-food logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even though reading has little to do with eating. We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we’re doing. Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.Yet we can reverse such influences. If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housing options when we see a happy face (one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling), we can take a moment before buying. If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants, we can help screeners understand their biases-or hire outside screeners.John Gottman, the marriage expert, explains that we quickly “thin slice” information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in “thick sliced” long-term study. When Dr. Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together, he invites them to his island retreat for a much longer evaluation; two days, not two seconds.Our ability to mute our hard-wired reactions by pausing is what differentiates us from animals: dogs can think about the future only intermittently or for a few minutes. But historically we have spent about 12 percent of our days contemplating the longer term. Although technology might change the way we react, it hasn’t changed our nature. We still have the imaginative capacity to rise above temptation and reverse the high-speed trend.31. The time needed in making decisions may________.[A] vary according to the urgency of the situation[B] prove the complexity of our brain reaction[C] depend on the importance of the assessment[D] predetermine the accuracy of our judgment32. Our reaction to a fast-food logo shows that snap decisions________.[A] can be associative[B] are not unconscious[C] can be dangerous[D] are not impulsive33. To reverse the negative influences of snap decisions, we should________.[A] trust our first impression[B] do as people usually do[C] think before we act[D] ask for expert advice34. John Gottman says that reliable snap reactions are based on___________.[A] critical assessment[B] “thin sliced” study[C] sensible explanation[D] adequate information35. The author’s attitude toward reversing the high-speed trend is__________.[A] tolerant [B] uncertain [C] optimistic [D] doubtfulText4Europe is not a gender-equality heaven. In particular, the corporate workplace will never be completely family-friendly until women are part of senior management decisions, and Europe’s top corporate-governance positions remain overwhelmingly male. Indeed, women hold only 14 percent of positions on European corporate boards.The Europe Union is now considering legislation to compel corporate boards to maintain a certain proportion of women—up to 60 percent. This proposed mandate was born of frustration. Last year, Europe Commission Vice President Viviane Reding issued a call to voluntary action. Reding invited corporations to sign up for gender balance goal of 40 percent female board membership. But her appeal was considered a failure: only 24 companies took it up.Do we need quotas to ensure that women can continue to climb the corporate Ladder fairy as they balance work and family?“Personally, I don’t like quotas,” Reding said recently. “But I like what the quotas do.” Quotas get action: they “open the way to equality and they break through the glass ceiling,” according to Reding, a result seen in France and other countries with legally binding provisions on placing women in top business positions.I understand Reding’s reluctance—and her frustration. I don’t like quotas either; they run counter to my belief in meritocracy, government by the capable. But, when one considers the obstacles to achieving the meritocratic ideal, it does look as if a fairer world must be temporarily ordered.After all, four decades of evidence has now shown that corporations in Europe as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top position—no matter how much “soft pressure” is put upon them. When women do break through to the summit of corporate power—as, for example, Sheryl Sandberg recently did at Facebook—they attract massive attention precisely because they remain the exception to the rule.If appropriate pubic policies were in place to help all women—whether CEOs or their children’s caregivers—and all families, Sandberg would be no more newsworthy than any other highly capable person living in a more just society.36. In the European corporate workplace, generally_________.[A] women take the lead[B] men have the final say[C] corporate governance is overwhelmed[D] senior management is family-friendly37. The European Union’s intended legislation is ________.[A] a reflection of gender balance[B] a reluctant choice[C] a response to Reding’s call[D] a voluntary action38. According to Reding, quotas may help women _________.[A] get top business positions[B] see through the glass ceiling[C] balance work and family[D] anticipate legal results39. The author’s attitude toward Reding’s appeal is one of _________.[A] skepticism [B] objectiveness [C] indifference [D] approval40. Women entering top management become headlines due to the lack of ______.[A] more social justice[B] massive media attention[C] suitable public policies[D] greater “soft pressure”Part BDirections:You are going to read a list of headings and a text. Choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each numbered paragraph (41-45).Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET . (10 points)[A] Live like a peasant[B] Balance your diet[C] Shopkeepers are your friends[D] Remember to treat yourself[E] Stick to what you need[F] Planning is evervthing[G] Waste not, want notThe hugely popular blog the Skint Foodie chronicles how Tony balances his love of good food with living on benefits. After bills, Tony has £60 a week to spend, £40 of which goes on food, but 10 years ago he was earning £130,000 a I year working in corporate communications and eating at London's betft restaurants'" at least twice a week. Then his marriage failed, his career burned out and his drinking became serious. "The community mental health team saved my life. And I felt like that again, to a certain degree, when people responded to the blog so well. It gave me the validation and confidence that I'd lost. But it's still a day-by-day thing." Now he's living in a council flat and fielding offers from literary agents. He's feeling positive, but he'll carry on blogging - not about eating as cheaply as you can - "there are so many people in a much worse state, with barely any money to spend on food" - but eating well on a budget. Here's his advice for economical foodies.41._______________________Impulsive spending isn't an option, so plan your week's menu in advance, making shopping lists for your ingredients in their exact quantities. I have an Excel template for a week of breakfast, lunch and dinner. Stop laughing: it's not just cost effective but helps you balance your diet. It's also a good idea to shop daily instead of weekly, because, being-human, you'll sometimes change your mind about what you fancy.42________________________This is where supermarkets and thci; anonymity come in handy. With them, there's not the same embarrassment as when buying one carrot in a little greengrocer. And if you plan properly, you'll know that you only need, say, 350g of shin of beef and six rashers of bacon, not whatever weight is pre-packed in the supermarket chiller.43________________________You may proudly claim to only have frozen peas in the freezer - that's not good enough. Mine is filled with leftovers, bread, stock, meat and fish. Planning ahead should eliminate wastage, but if you have surplus vegetables you'll do a vegetable soup, and all fruits threatening to "go off' will be cooked or juiced.44________________________Everyone says this, but it really is a top tip for frugal eaters. Shop at butchers, delis and fish-sellers regularly, even for small things, and be super friendly. Soon you'll feel comfortable asking if they've any knuckles of ham for soups and stews,or beef bones, chicken carcasses and fish heads for stock which, more often than not, Theyil let you have for free.45_________________________You won't be eating out a lot, but save your pennies and once every few months treat yourself to a set lunch at a good restaurant - £1.75 a week for three months gives you £21 - more than" enough for a three-course lunch at Michelin-starred Arbutus. It's £16.95 there - or £12.99 for a large pizza from Domino's: I know which I'd rather eat.Section III Translation46. Directions: Translate the following text from English to Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET . (15 points)I can pick a date from the past 53 years and know instantly where I was, what happened in the news and even the day of the week, I’ve been able to do this, since I was 4.I never feel overwhelmed with the amount of information my brain absorbs. My mind seems to be able to cope and the information is stored away neatly. When I think of a sad memory, I do what everybody does – try to put it to one side. I don't think it's harder for me just because my memory is clearer. Powerful memory doesn't make my emotions any more acute or vivid. I can recall the day my grandfather died and the sadness I felt when we went to the hospital the day before. I also remember that the musical Hair opened on Broadway on the same day – they both just pop into my mind in the same way.Section IV Writing47 WritingSuppose your class is to hold a charity sale for kids in need of help.Write your classmates an email to(1) inform them about the details and(2) encourage them to participate 100 words use Li Ming. Don't write your address.(10 points)48 Write an essay based on the following chart in your writing, you should(1) interpret the chart, and(2) give your commentsYou should write about 150 words. (15 points)某高校学生兼职情况2013年考研英语二真题答案Section I Use of English1.【答案】A（However）【解析】空前作者讲到“鉴于电子货币的优势,你也许会认为,我们将快速步入非现金社会,实现完全电子支付。
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析（27）
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析（27）考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(27)In spite of “endless talk of difference,” American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people. There is “the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse, and the casualness and absence of difference” characteristic of popular culture. People are absorbed into “a culture of consumption” launched by the 19th-century department stores that offered “vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere. Instead of intimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite。
” these were stores “anyone could enter, regardless of class or background. This turned shopping into a public and democratic act。
” The mass media, advertising and sports are other forces for homogenization。
Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture, which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous. Writing for the National Immigration Forum, Gregory Rodriguez reports that today’s immigration is neithe r at unprecedented level nor resistant to assimilation. In 1998 immigrants were 9.8 percent of population; in 1900, 13.6 percent .In the 10 years prior to 1990, 3.1 immigrants arrived for every 1,000 residents; in the 10years prior to 1890, 9.2 for every 1,000. Now, consider three indices of assimilation－language, home ownership and intermarriage。
考研英语二(阅读)模拟试卷25
考研英语二（阅读）模拟试卷25(总分：40.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、<B>Part B</B>(总题数：4，分数：40.00)Last month Sheryl Sandberg, chief operating officer at Facebook, published "Lean In", a controversial declaration on why women have not ascended to the most senior positions at companies. She concludes that it is partly women's own fault: they do not "lean in" and ask for promotions, pipe up at meetings and insist on taking a seat at the table. Some of it is down to simple miscommunication. Barbara Annis and John Gray argue in "Work With Me" that men and women are biologically wired to think and react differently to situations, and have "gender blind spots" when it comes to understanding their co-workers' behaviour. Ms Annis, who leads workshops on gender for big companies and governments, and Mr Gray, author of "Men are from Mars, Women are from Venus", a bestselling book in 1992 about relationship problems, have collaborated to produce aneasy-to-read guide to workplace communications. Women ask more questions, gather more people's opinions and seek collaboration with co-workers more frequently than men. Men view these preferences as signs of weakness, and women, in turn, grow annoyed by how competitively men work, and how quickly and subjectively they arrive at conclusions. If both female and male employees became more "gender intelligent" about how their work and behavioural preferences are hard-wired, it would contribute to a more harmonious workforce. Women have been choosing to leave companies at twice the rate of men, and more than half the women whom the authors met in workshops were considering leaving their firms. Women often tell their bosses that they are quitting for personal reasons, but the majority actually leave because they feel excluded from teams and not valued for their contributions. Communication and gender equality are not just problems at large firms. In "A Rising Tide" Susan Coleman and Alicia Robb look beyond women's experience at big companies. They focus instead on women entrepreneurs, who have the potential to become leaders in their field, earn a high income and hire more women. In a positive shift, women have been starting more firms in the past decade. However, these tend to be in the service and retail industries (as opposed to fast-growth industries like technology). They also remain smaller than men's firms. Ms Coleman and Ms Robb point out that part of this may be by design; women sometimes want to keep their businesses small in order to balance their family responsibilities. However, women also often lack the financing that male entrepreneurs enjoy. They have fewer savings, so usually launch their businesses with less capital than men, and are less likely to apply for a loan for fear of being denied. How has the success of high-achievers differentiated them from other women? In "The XX Factor", Alison Wolf, the director of public policy and management at Kings College London, argues that there are now around 70 million highly educated, high-earning women around the world. They have more in common with elite men than with other women. These elite women tend to marry more often and have fewer children than less-educated women. They spend more time working, and, unexpectedly, more time parenting. Ms Sandberg also makes this point. As the demands on women in the workplace have increased, so too have the standards for being a good, involved mother—which（分数：10.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：F）解析：解析：全文的第一句话就提到了“Lean In”一书的内容。
考研英语2024真题试卷
考研英语2024真题试卷考研英语试卷一、听力部分（共30分）A节（共15分）1. 听短对话，选择最佳答案。
（共5题，每题1分）- 问题1：What is the man going to do this weekend?A. Go to the library.B. Visit his parents.C. Work on a project.2. 听长对话，选择最佳答案。
（共5题，每题2分）- 问题1：What is the main topic of the conversation?A. A job interview.B. A travel plan.C. A birthday party.B节（共15分）1. 听短文，选择最佳答案。
（共5题，每题3分）- 问题1：What is the speaker mainly talking about?A. The importance of environmental protection.B. The impact of technology on daily life.C. The benefits of regular exercise.二、阅读部分（共40分）A节（共20分）1. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
（共4篇，每篇5题，每题5分）- 文章1：The Impact of Social Media on Youth问题1：What is the author's opinion on social media?A. It is beneficial for young people's development.B. It has a negative impact on young people's mental health.C. It is a necessary part of modern life.D. It should be used with caution.B节（共20分）1. 阅读下列长文章，回答相关问题。
考研英语(阅读)-试卷22
考研英语（阅读）-试卷22(总分：70.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 Reading Comprehension(总题数：7，分数：70.00)1.Section II Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.（分数：10.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：Teenagers are spending more money than ever. Just last year, 31.6 million teens spent 155 billion, according to the Northbrook, Illinois-based market research group Teenage Research Unlimited. Much of that money, of course, comes from parents. Shocked at how much money kids spend? Maybe you haven"t checked theprice tags lately on some of the younger generation"s must-haves. To some, such extravagant spending on the notoriously fickle young might seem outrageous. Why do some parents give in? One factor is surely the sheer power of marketing through mass media. According to the group Ad-busters, teenagers are exposed to an estimated 3,000 advertisements each day. Combine the ads with programming itself, like the fashion-, music- and skin-filled shows on MTV, and you"ve got a barrage of messages telling kids what they should own if they want to fit in. "The pressures on parents today are enormous," says Tom Vogele, a single father of twin 18-year-old girls in Newport Beach, Calif. "I truly believe it is harder today to raise children without spoiling them, not because parents are less capable or lazy, but because so many forces are working against me." Many working parents probably compensate by spending money on their kids, says Timothy Marshall, an associate professor of developmental psychology at Christopher Newport University in Virginia. For some, there is probably some guilt involved in not spending enough time at home. But, adds Marshall, spending money is also often more convenient in our fast-paced society than going to baseball games or other activities. "It"s easier to say let"s go out and spend some money, in terms of finding time in a busy schedule to spend with kids," Marshall said. For many families, of course, keeping up with their children"s costly demands for designer clothing, CDs, and concert tickets is a financial impossibility. Even for those families who can afford such lavish spending, striking a compromise between spoiling the kids and denying them is tricky, but possible. Teaching kids how to budget and save is key, Marshall says. Instead of just giving children the toys or clothing they desire, give them an allowance and show them how they can save up for whatever they want, he says. And don"t be afraid to just say no, Marshall adds. "We need to step up and tell kids where the boundaries are, that"s part of our responsibility as parents," he said.（分数：10.00）(1).Judging from the first paragraph, "Northbrook" is most probably _____.（分数：2.00）A.a market research company based in IllinoisB.a spokesman for the Teenage Research UnlimitedC.the base of the Teenage Research Unlimited √D.the city where the spending survey was carried out解析：解析：推理判断题。
2023年考研英语一试卷及答案
2023年考研英语一试卷及解答一、完形填空考察了丝绸之路上的驿站话题，选项没有什么特别难的词或者短语，文章逻辑也很好懂，考到了并列逻辑和举例逻辑，只要考生认真读题应该拿到不错的分数Use of EnglishCaravanserais were roadside inns that were built along the Silk Road in areas includingChina, North Africa and the Middle East. They were typically __1__ outside the walls of a city or village and were usually funded by governments of __2__.This word “Caravanserais” is a __3__ of the Persian word “karvan”, which means a group of travellers or a caravan, and seray, a palace or enclosed building. The Perm caravan was used to __4__ groups of people who travelled together across the ancient network for safety reasons, __5__ merchants, travellers or pilgrims.From the 10th century onwards, as merchant and travel routes become more developed, the __6__ of the Caravanserais increased and they served as a safe place for people to rest at night. Travellers on the Silk Road __7__ possibility of being attacked by thieves or being __8__ to extreme conditions. For this reason, Caravanserais were strategically placed __9__ they could be reached in a day’s travel time.Caravanserais served as an informal __10__ point for the various people who travelled the Silk Road. __11__, those structures became important centers for culture __12__ and interaction, with travelers sharing their cultures, ideas and beliefs, __13__ tal knowledge with them, greatly __14__ the development of several civilizations.Caravanserais were also an important marketplace for commodities and __15__ in the trade of goods along the Silk Road. __16__, it was frequently the first stop merchants loo to sell their wares and __17__ supplies for their own journeys. It is __18__ that around 120000 to 15000 caravanserais were built along the Silk Road, __19__ only about 3000 are known to remain today, many of which are in __20__.1、解答：C. located2、解答：A. privately3、解答：D. combination4、解答：C. describe5、解答：C. such as6、解答：A. construction7、解答：B. faced8、解答：B. subjected9、解答：A. so that10、解答：D. meeting11、解答：D. As a result12、解答：C. exchange13、解答：C. as well as14、解答：B. influencing15、解答：A. aided16、解答：B. indeed17、解答：D. stock up on18、解答：A. believed19、解答：D. although20、解答：A. ruins二、阅读理解Text 1The weather in Texas may have cooled since the recent extreme heat, but the temperature will be high at the State Board of Education meeting in Austin this month as officials debate how climate change is taught in Texas schools.Pat Hardy, who sympathized with views of the energy sector, is resisting the proposed change to science standards for pre-teen pupils. These would emphasise the primacy of human activity in recent climate change and encourage discussion of mitigation measures.Most scientists and experts sharply dispute Hardy’s views. “They casually dismiss the career work of scholars and scientists as just another misguided opinion.” says Dan Quinn, senior communications strategist at the Texas Freedom Network, a non-profit group that monitors public education，“What millions of Texas kids learn in their public schools is determined too often by the political ideology of partisan board members, rather than facts and sound scholarship.”Such debate reflects fierce discussion discussions across the US and around the world, as researchers, policymakers, teachers and students step up demands for a greater focus on teaching about the facts of climate change in schools.A study last year by the National Center for Science Education, a non-profit group of scientists and teachers, loo at how state public schools across the country address climate change in science classes, gave barely half of US states a grade B+ or higher. Among the 10 worst performers were some of the most populous states, including Texas, which was given the lowest grade (F) and has a disproportionate influence because its textbooks are widely sold elsewhere.Glenn Branch, the centre’s deputy director, cautions that setting state-level science standards is only one limited benchmark in a country that decentralises decisions to local school boards. Even if a state is considered a high performer in its science standards, “that does not mean it will be taught”, he says.Another issue is that while climate change is well integrated into some subjects and at some ages — such as earth and space sciences in high schools — it is notas well represented in curricula for younger children and in subjects that are more widely taught, such as biology and chemistry. It is also less prominent in many social studies courses.Branch points out that, even if a growing number of official guidelines and textbooks reflect scientific consensus on climate change, unofficial educational materials that convey more slanted perspectives are being distributed to teachers. They include materials sponsored by libertarian think-tanks and energy industry associations.21. In paragraph 1, the weather in Texas is mentioned to解答：C. indicate the atmosphere at the board meeting22. What does Quinn think of Hardy?解答：B. She denies the value of scientific work.23. The study mentioned in Paragraph 5解答：A. Climate education is insufficient at state public school24. According to Branch, state-level science standards in the US解答：C. have limited influence25. It is implied in the last paragraph that climate change teaching in some schools解答：D. can be swayed by external forcesText 2Communities throughout the region have been attempting to regulate short-term rentals since sites like Airbnb took off in the 2010s. Now, with record-high home prices and historically low inventory, there’s an increased urgency in such regulation, particularly among those who worry that developers will come in and buy up swaths of housing to flip for a fortune on the short-term rental market.In New Hampshire, where the rental vacancy rate has dropped below 1 percent, housing advocates fear unchecked short-term rentals will put further pressure on an already strained market. The state Legislature recently voted against a bill that would’ve made it illegal for towns to create legislation restricting short-term rentals.“We are at a crisis level on the supply of rental housing, so anytime you’re ta the tool out of the toolkit for communities to address this, you’re potentially ta supply off the market that’s already incredibly stressed,’’ said Nick Taylor, executive director of the Workforce Housing Coalition of the Greater Seacoast. Without enough affordable housing in southern New Hampshire towns, “employers are having a hard time attracting employees, and workers are having a hard time finding a place to live,’’ Taylor said.However, short-term rentals also provide housing for tourists, a crucial part of the economies in places like Nantucket, Cape Cod, or the towns that make up New Hampshire’s Seacoast and Lakes Region, pointed out Ryan Castle, CEO of the Cape Cod & Islands Association of Realtors. “A lot of workers are servicing the tourist industry, and the tourism industry is serviced by those people coming in short term,’’ Castle said, “and so it’s a cyclical effect.’’Short-term rentals themselves are not the crux of the issue, said Keren Horn, an affordable housing policy expert at the Un iversity of Massachusetts Boston. “I think individuals being able to rent out their second home is a good thing. If it’s their vacation home anyway, and it’s just empty, why can’t you make money off it?’’ Horn said. Issues arise, however, when developers a ttempt to create large-scale short-term rental facilities —de facto hotels —to bypass taxes and regulations. “I think the question is, shouldn’t a developer who’s really building a hotel, but disguising it as not a hotel, be treated and taxed and regulated like a hotel?’’ Horn said.At the end of 2018, Governor Charlie Baker signed a bill to rein in those potential investor-buyers. “The bill requires every rental host to register with the state, mandates they carry insurance, and opens the potential for local taxes on top of a new state levy,’’ the Globe reported. Boston took things even further, limiting who is authorized to rent out their home, and requiring renters to register with the city’s Inspectional Services Department.Horn said similar registration requirements could benefit other strugglingcities and towns. The only way to solve the issue, however, is by creating more housing. “If we want to make a change in the housing market, the main one is we have to build a lot more.’’26.Which of the following is true of New England?解答：A. Its housing supply is at a very low level.27.The bill mentioned in the Paragraph 2 was intended to?解答：D. allow a free short-term rental market.28 . Compared with Castle, Tailor is more likely to support?解答：B in increase in a affordable housing29. What does Horn emphasize in paragraph 3?解答：C the necessity to stop developers from evading taxes.30. Horn holds that imposing registration requirements is解答：D an inadequate solution.Text 3If you’re heading for your nearest branch of Waterstones in search of the Duchess of Sussex’s new children’s book The Bench, you might have to be prepared to hunt around a bit; the same may be true of The President's Daughter, the new thriller by Bill Clinton and James Patterson. Both of these books are published next week by Penguin Random House, a company currently involved in a stand-off with Waterstones.The problem began late last year, when Penguin Random House confirmed that it had introduced a credit limit with Waterstones “at a very significant level”. The trade magazine The Bookseller reported that Waterstones branch managers were being told to remove PRH books from prominent areas such as tables, display spaces and windows, and w ere “quietly retiring them to their relevant sections”.PRH declined to comment on the issue, but a spokesperson for Waterstones told me: “Waterstones are currently operating with reduced credit terms from PRH, the only publisher in the UK to place any limitations on our ability to trade. We are not boycotting PRH titles but we are doing our utmost to ensure that availability for customers remains good despite the lower overall levels of stock. We do this generally by giving their titles less prominent positioning within our bookshops. “We are hopeful with our shops now open again that normality will return and that we will be allowed to buy appropriately. Certainly, our shops are exceptionally busy and book sales are very strong. The sales for our May Books of the Month surpassed any month since 2018.”In the meantime, PRH authors have been the losers - as have customers, who might expect the new titles from the country’s biggest publisher to be prominently displayed by its biggest book retailer. Big-name PRH authors may suffer a bit, but it’s those mid-list authors, who normally rely on Waterstones staff’s passion for promoting books by lesser-known writers, who will be praying for an end to the dispute.It comes at a time when authors are already worried about the consequences of the proposed merger between PRH and another big publisher, Simon & Schuster - the reduction in the number of unaligned UK publishers is likely to lead to fewer bidding wars, lower advances, and more conformity in terms of what is published. And one wonders if PRH would have been confident enough to deal with Waterstones in the way it has if it weren’t quite such a big company (it was formed with the merger of Penguin and Random House in 2013) and likely to get bigger.“This is all part of a wider change towards concentration of power and cartels. Literary agencies are getting bigger to have the clout to negotiate better terms with publishers, publishers consolidating to deal with Amazon,” says Lownie. “The publishing industry talks about diversity in terms of authors and staff but it also needs a plurality of ways of delivering intellectual contact, choice and different voices. After all, many of the most interesting books in recent years have come from small publishers.”We shall see whether that plurality is a casualty of the current need among publishers to be big enough to take on all-comers.31. the author mentions two books in the paragraph 1 to present ____解答：A. an ongoing conflict32. Why did Waterstones shops retire PRH books to their relevant sections?解答：C. to respond to PRH's business move33. What message did the spokesman of Waterstones seem to convey?解答：A. their customers remain royal34. What can be one consequence of the current dispute?解答：A Sales of books by mid-list PRH writers fall off considerably35. Which of the following statements best represents Lownie`s view?解答：D The merger of publishers is a worrying trendText 4Scientific papers are the recordkeepers of progress in research. Each year researchers publish millions of papers in more than 30,000 journals. The scientific community measures the quality of those papers in a number of ways, including the perceived quality of the journal (as reflected by the title’s impact factor) and the number of citations a specific paper accumulates. The careers of scientists and the reputation of their institutions depend on the number and prestige of the papers they produce, but even more so on the citations attracted by these papers.In recent years, there have been several episodes of scientific fraud, including completely made-up data, massaged or doctored figures, multiple publications of the same data, theft of complete articles, plagiarism of text, and self-plagiarism. And some scientists have come up with another way to artificially boost the number of citations to their work.Citation cartels, where journals, authors, and institutions conspire to inflate citation numbers, have existed for a long time. In 2016, researchers developed an algorithm to recognize suspicious citation patterns, including groups of authors that disproportionately cite one another and groups of journals that cite each other frequently to increase the impact factors of their publications. Recently, I cameacross yet another expression of this predatory behavior: so-called support service consultancies that provide language and other editorial support to individual authors and to journals sometimes advise contributors to add a number of citations to their articles and the articles of colleagues. Some of these consultancies are also active in organizing conferences and can advise that citations be added to conference proceedings. In this manner, a single editor can drive hundreds of citations in the direction of his own articles or those of colleagues that may be in his circle.How insidious is this type of citation manipulation? In one example, an individual—acting as author, editor, and consultant—was able to use at least 15 journals as citation providers to articles published by five scientists at three universities. The problem is rampant in Scopus, which includes a high number of the new “international” journals. In fact, a listing in Scopus seems to be a criterion to be targeted in this type of citation manipulation.36 According paragraph1, the careers of scientists can be determined by________解答：B how many times their papers are cited37 The support service consultancies tend to _________.解答：C ask authors to include extra citation38 the function of the milk cow to journals is to ________.解答：A boost citation counts for certain authors39. What can be learned about Scopus from the last two paragraph?解答：[B] It has the capability to identify suspicious citation40. What should an author do to deal with citation manipulation?解答：[D]Reveal their misconduct三、新题型考察了排序题，出题形式与往年略有差异，给出了三个既定选项位置，并给出了8个选项，首段空缺，虽然出题形式略有差异但解题思路和难度并无差异，只要能看出指代即可轻松判断出首段，整体难度中等。