软件工程介绍--英文版
软件工程专业英文介绍PPT
methods and tools for professional software development. Expenditure on software represents a significant fraction of GNP in all developed countries.
An Introduction to Software Engineering
©Ian Sommerville 2006
Software Engineering, 8th edition. Chapter 1
Slide 1
Objectives
To introduce software engineering and to explain le 2006
Software Engineering, 8th edition. Chapter 1
Slide 5
FAQs about software engineering
What is software? What is software engineering? What is the difference between software
©Ian Sommerville 2006
Software Engineering, 8th edition. Chapter 1
Slide 3
Software engineering
The economies of ALL developed nations are dependent on software.
0835软件工程一级学科简介
0835软件工程一级学科简介一级学科（中文）名称：软件工程（英文）名称： Software Engineering一、学科概况软件工程经过四十余年的发展，明确了自身的学科问题，形成了软件工程领域的基础理论、工程方法与技术体系，完善了软件工程教育体系，具备了学科的完整性和教育学特色，具有广泛的研究领域和研究方向，作为独立学科为软件产业发展提供了理论、技术与人才支撑。
1968年在德国举行的NATO软件工程会议上，为应对“软件危机”的挑战，“软件工程”术语被首次提出。
在这个时期，具有代表性的软件工程定义是“为了经济地获得在真实机器上可靠工作的软件而制定和使用的合理工程原则和方法”。
1972年，IEEE学会计算机协会第一次出版了“软件工程学报”。
此后，“软件工程”这个术语被广泛用于工业、政府和学术界，众多的出版物、团体和组织、专业会议在它们的名称中开始使用“软件工程”这个术语，很多大学的计算机科学系先后开设了软件工程课程。
1980年代末到1990年代初，基于瀑布模型的软件开发过程和结构式过程语言编程范型占主导地位，软件工程研究在软件需求分析、软件设计、软件测试、软件质量保证、软件过程改进等多个子领域得到深化和扩展，形成了软件工程学科的雏形。
同期，软件工程教育得到卡内基·梅隆大学软件工程研究所（SEI）的培育和支持。
该研究所调查软件工程教育的现状，出版软件工程推荐教程，在卡内基·梅隆大学建立软件工程硕士教育计划，并组织和推动软件工程教育者研讨会。
1991年，ACM和IEEE-CS的计算学科教程CC1991专题组将“软件工程”列为计算学科的九个知识领域之一。
1993年，IEEE-CS和ACM 为了将软件工程建设成为一个专业，建立了IEEE-CS/ACM联合指导委员会。
随后，该指导委员会被软件工程协调委员会（SWECC）替代。
SWECC 提出了“软件工程职业道德规范”、“本科软件工程教育计划评价标准”以及“软件工程知识体系（SWEBOK）”。
0835软件工程一级学科简介
0835软件工程一级学科简介级学科（中文）名称：软件工程（英文）名称：Software Engineering一、学科概况软件工程经过四十余年的发展，明确了自身的学科问题，形成了软件工程领域的基础理论、工程方法与技术体系，完善了软件工程教育体系，具备了学科的完整性和教育学特色，具有广泛的研究领域和研究方向，作为独立学科为软件产业发展提供了理论、技术与人才支撑。
1968年在德国举行的NATC软件工程会议上，为应对“软件危机” 的挑战，“软件工程”术语被首次提出。
在这个时期，具有代表性的软件工程定义是“为了经济地获得在真实机器上可靠工作的软件而制定和使用的合理工程原则和方法”。
1972年，IEEE学会计算机协会第一次出版了“软件工程学报”。
此后，“软件工程”这个术语被广泛用于工业、政府和学术界，众多的出版物、团体和组织、专业会议在它们的名称中开始使用“软件工程”这个术语，很多大学的计算机科学系先后开设了软件工程课程。
1980年代末到1990年代初，基于瀑布模型的软件开发过程和结构式过程语言编程范型占主导地位，软件工程研究在软件需求分析、软件设计、软件测试、软件质量保证、软件过程改进等多个子领域得到深化和扩展，形成了软件工程学科的雏形。
同期，软件工程教育得到卡内基•梅隆大学软件工程研究所（SEI）的培育和支持。
该研究所调查软件工程教育的现状，出版软件工程推荐教程，在卡内基•梅隆大学建立软件工程硕士教育计划，并组织和推动软件工程教育者研讨会。
1991年，ACM和IEEE-CS的计算学科教程CC199传题组将“软件工程”列为计算学科的九个知识领域之一。
1993年，IEEE-CS和ACM为了将软件工程建设成为一个专业，建立了IEEE-CS/ACM联合指导委员会。
随后，该指导委员会被软件工程协调委员会（SWEQC替代。
SWECC 提出了“软件工程职业道德规范”、“本科软件工程教育计划评价标准”以及“软件工程知识体系（SWEBOK”。
课程名称-英文(软件工程)
体育4-1 Physical Education Ⅳ-1艺术欣赏ⅠAppreciation of ArtⅠ大学英语3-1 College EnglishⅢ-1小学生心理发展2-1 Elementary school student psychological development Ⅱ-1硬笔书法Hard-tipped Pen Calligraphical计算机应用基础Computer Applications Basic大学英语3-2 College English Ⅲ-2体育4-2 Physical Education Ⅳ-2中国近现代史纲要Outline of Modern Chinese History中国古典诗歌意象专题Chinese Classical Poetry Imager Thematic Curriculum应用开发 Application and Development计算机维修与维护Computer Repair and Maintenance体育4-3 Physical Education Ⅳ-3高等数学2-1 Advanced Mathematics Ⅱ-1信息科学导论Introduction to Information Science军事理论Military Theory （1 credit）民族音乐学Ethnomusicology计算机网络Computer Networks操作系统Operating SystermC#.net 应用开发C#.net Application and DevelopmentWEB应用开发WEB Application and Development新闻学原理与应用Principle and Application of JournlismUNIX高级程序设计UNIX Advanced Programming定向运动与野外生存Orienteering and Outdoor Life高等数学2-2 Advanced Mathematics Ⅱ-2软件需求分析Software Requirement Analysis毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义Mao Zedong Thought and Socialism With China Characteristics软件测试技术Software Test Technology国家学生体质健康标准National Student Physical Heath Standard心理健康（1学分）Mental Health （1 credit）形势与政策（1学分）Situation & Policy （1 credit）大学英语四级CET-4 College English Test（Band 4）毕业论文（设计）Graduation Thesis（design）思想道德修养与法律基础Thought morals Tutelage and Legal Foundation数学思维教育Mathematical Thinking Education现代汉语2-1 Modern Chinese Language Ⅱ-1儿童文学2-1 Children's LiteratureⅡ-1儿童文学2-2 Children's LiteratureⅡ-2小学生心理发展2-2 The Psychological Development of Children Ⅱ-2教师成长与专业发展Teachers Professional Development军训（1学分）Military Training（1 credit）现代汉语2-2 Modern Chinese Language Ⅱ-2实用化学实验The Utility of Chemistry Experiment编译原理Fundamentals of Compiling数据库原理Fundamentals of Database大学英语3-3 College English Ⅲ-3数据结构Data Structure线性代数Linear Algebra民谣弹唱基础Folk Guitar Based体育4-4 Physical Education Ⅳ-4C语言程序设计 C Language Program Designing马克思主义基本原理Basic Principles of Marxism算法设计与分析Algorithmic Design & Analysis英文文献导读English Literature新闻英语News EnglishULM原理与应用Principle & Application of UML计算机组成原理Principles of Computer Composition离散数学Discrete Mathematics毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义Mao Zedong Thought and Socialism WithChina Characteristics软件工程Software Engineering项目开发与管理Project Development and Management专题讲座Lecture各类讲座（2学分）All kinds of Lectures（2 credits）专业实习Specialty Practice社会实践（2学分）Practical Work（2 credits）。
软件工程介绍--英文版
Topics covered
FAQs about software engineering Professional and ethical responsibility
Engineering) What are the attributes of good software? What are the key challenges facing software
engineering?
What is software?
Computer programs and associated documentation such as requirements, design models and user manuals.
Software products may be developed for a particular customer or may be developed for a general market.
Software products may be
• Generic - developed to be sold to a range of different customers e.g. PC software such as Excel or Word.
FAQs about software engineering
What are the costs of software engineering? What are software engineering methods? What is CASE (Computer-Aided Software
软工英文版2-Process
▪ 对象图是类图的一种实例化。一张对象图表示的 是与其对应的类图的一个具体实例，即系统在某 一时期或者某一特定时刻可能存在的具体对象实 例以及它们相互之间的具体关系。
Object Diagram（对象图）
作者
名字：String 年龄：Integer 0..1
Uses
类图
计算机
名字：String 内存：Ineger
小王：作者
名字 =“王小影” 年龄 =32
小王的工作PC： 计算机
名字 = “Dell486” 内存 = 64
对象图
小王的工作PC： 计算机
名字 = “Compaq X” 内存 =32
Object Diagram（对象图）
RUP动态结构
▪ 初识阶段 ▪ 细化阶段 ▪ 构造阶段 ▪ 移交阶段
每个阶段包含一个或多个迭代
RUP的核心
▪ RUP核心是解决可操作性问题，帮助开发人员尽 可能少地依赖那些“不可描述的经验”。
▪ 它详细给出了 每个阶段参与该过程的各种角色， 该角色在该过程中的产出。
RUP的核心
1. 尽早并且持续的化解重大风险：风险列表是不 断变化的，要持续不断的化解风险。
源代码，可执行体 ▪ Workflow 工作流：when 例如 顺序图
RUP分析设计步骤
1. 创建Actors； 2. 创建Use Cases，并描述每个Use Case（功能描
述）； 3. 创建Sequence Diagrams, Statechart Diagrams,
得到系统Objects； 4. 从Sequence Diagrams分析出的Objects入手，
(完整)软件工程专业英语
软件工程英语文档：Documents软件工具：Software Tools工具箱：Tool Box集成工具：Integrated Tool软件工程环境：Software Engineering Environment传统：Conventional经典：Classical解空间：Solution Domain问题空间：Problem Domain清晰第一，效率第二Clarity the first，Efficiency the next。
设计先于编码Design before coding使程序的结构适合于问题的结构Make the program fit the problem开发伴随复用，开发为了复用Development with reuse, Development for reuse。
靠度量来管理:Management by Measurement软件度量学：Software Metrics软件经济学：Software Economics软件计划WHY软件分析WHAT软件实现HOW软件生存周期过程的开发标准Standard for Developing Software Life Cycle Process软件开发模型:Software Development Model编码员：Coder瀑布模型：Waterfall Model快速原型模型:Rapid Prototype Model 增量模型:Incremental Model线性思维：Linear Thinking演化模型：Evolutionary Model螺旋模型：Spiral Model对象：Object类：Class继承：Inheritance聚集:Aggregation消息：Message面向对象＝对象Object+分类Classification+继承Inheritance+消息通信Communication with Messages 构件集成模型：Component Integration Model转换模型：Transformational Model净室软件工程:Cleanroom Software Engineering净室模型：Cleanroom Model软件需求规格说明书：Software Requirement Specification ，SRS分析模型：Analysis Model便利的应用规约技术：Facilitated Application Specification Techniques ,FAST结构化语言：Structured Language判定树：Decision Tree基数：Cardinality事件轨迹：Event Trace对象－关系Object—Relationsship结构化分析:SA（Structured Analysis）由顶向下，逐步细化Top-Down Stepwise Refinement面向对象分析：Object-Oriented Analysis包含：Contains临近：Is Next To传到：Transmits to来自:Acquires from管理:Manages 控制:Controls组成:Is Composed of细化：Refinement抽象：Abstraction模块:Module策略：Strategy信息隐藏:Information Hiding数据封装：Data Encapsulation抽象数据类型：Abstract Data type模块化设计：Modular Design分解：Decomposition模块性：Modularity单模块软件：Monolithic Software模块独立性：Module Independence内聚：Cohesion偶然性内聚:Coincidental Cohesion逻辑性内聚：Logical Cohesion时间性内聚：Temporal Cohesion过程性内聚： Procedural Cohesion通信性内聚：Communicational Cohesion顺序性内聚：Sequential Cohesion功能性内聚:Functional Cohesion非直接偶合:No Direct Coupling数据偶合：Data Coupling特征偶合:Stamp Coupling控制偶合:Control Coupling外部偶合:External Coupling公共偶合：Common Coupling内容偶合： Content Coupling由底向上设计：Bottom-Up Design自顶向下设计：Top-Down Design正式复审：Formal Review非正式复审：Informal Review走查，排练：Walk-Through会审：Inspection映射:Mapping传入路径：Afferent path传出路径：Efferent path变换中心：Transform Center接受路径：Reception path动作路径:Action path事务中心:Transaction Center分支分解：Factoring of Brandches瓮形：oval-shaped一个模块的控制域：Scope of Control 一个模块的作用域：Scope of Effect 结构化程序设计：Structured Programming通心面程序:Bowl of Spaghetti流程图：Flow Diagram编码:Coding方框图：Block DiagramPDL （Pidgin）：Program Design Language伪代码：Pseudo CodeJSD:Jackson System Development对象建模技术：Object Modeling Technique基础设施:Infrastructure控制线程：Thread of Control保护者对象:Guardian Object协议：protocolUML：Unified Modeling Language OMG：Object Management Group统一方法:Unified Method关联:Association泛化:Generalization依赖：Dependency结点：Node接口：Interface包：Package注释： Note特化：Specialization元元模型：Meta—Meta Model用户模型：User Model静态图:Static Diagram动态图：Dynamic Diagram用例视图：Use Case View逻辑视图:Logical View并发视图：Concurrent View构件视图:Component View实现模型视图：Implementation Model View部署视图：Deployment View航向：Navigability重数：Multiplicity共享聚集：Shared Aggregation组合：Composition泛化：Generalization简单消息：Simple Message同步消息：Synchronous Message异步消息:Asynchronous Message事件说明：Event_Signature守卫条件:Guard_Condition动作表达式：Action_Expression 发送子句：Send_Clause时序图：Sequence Diagram协作图：Collaboration Diagram前缀:Predecessor循环子句：Iteration-Clause活动图：Activity Diagram构件图：Component Diagram配置图：Deployment Diagram建模过程指导(RUP）：Rational Unified Process可执行代码:Executalbe Codes实现：Implementation编码风格：Coding Style标准：Classical控制流的直线性：Linearity of Control Flow程序风格设计要素：先求正确后求快 Make it right before you make it faster.先求清楚后求快 Make it clear before you make it faster.求快不忘保持程序正确 Keep it right when you make it faster.保持程序简单以求快 Keep it simpleto make it faster。
软件技术专业介绍英语作文
软件技术专业介绍英语作文Software Engineering: A Comprehensive Overview.Software engineering is a comprehensive and multifaceted discipline that encompasses the design, development, deployment, and maintenance of software systems. It involves the application of scientific and mathematical principles to the creation and improvement of software, ensuring its efficiency, reliability, and maintainability.Software engineering professionals, known as software engineers, are responsible for transforming user requirements into functional and robust software solutions. They utilize a structured and systematic approach to software development, adhering to well-defined processes and methodologies.Key Concepts in Software Engineering.1. Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC): The SDLC isa comprehensive framework that outlines the phases of software development, from planning and requirements gathering to testing and deployment. It ensures a systematic and organized approach to software creation.2. Software Requirements: Software requirements define the functionality, performance, and other attributes of the software system. They serve as the foundation for software design and development, ensuring that the final product meets the intended needs of the users.3. Software Design: Software design involves creating blueprints for the software system. It defines the architecture, data structures, and algorithms that form the backbone of the software.4. Software Implementation: The implementation phase involves writing the actual code that brings the software design to life. Software engineers select appropriate programming languages and development tools to translate the design into a functional system.5. Software Testing: Testing is a crucial phase that ensures the software meets the specified requirements and functions as expected. Software engineers employ various testing techniques to identify and rectify any errors or defects.6. Software Deployment: Deployment refers to the process of delivering the software to the end-users. It involves creating installation packages, configuring the software, and providing documentation and training.7. Software Maintenance: Software maintenance involves updating and improving the software over its lifespan to ensure it remains effective and meets changing user needs. It includes bug fixes, feature enhancements, and performance optimizations.Importance of Software Engineering.Software engineering plays a vital role in the modern world, underpinning the functionality of countless devices,systems, and applications that we rely on daily.1. Efficiency and Productivity: Software engineering practices promote efficiency and productivity by automating tasks, streamlining processes, and enhancing data management.2. Reliability and Security: Software systems are designed to be reliable and secure, ensuring data integrity and protection from vulnerabilities and malicious attacks.3. Innovation and Growth: Software engineering enables continuous innovation and growth by facilitating the creation of new products, services, and solutions that drive technological advancements.4. Economic Impact: The software industry is a major contributor to the global economy, creating jobs and stimulating growth in various sectors.Career Opportunities in Software Engineering.Software engineering offers a wide range of career opportunities for individuals with the necessary skills and qualifications.1. Software Developer: Responsible for designing, developing, and testing software solutions.2. Software Architect: Leads the design andarchitecture of complex software systems.3. Software Tester: Ensures the quality andreliability of software by performing various testing procedures.4. Software Project Manager: Manages the planning, execution, and delivery of software projects.5. Software Consultant: Provides expertise and adviceto organizations on software development and implementation.Education and Training in Software Engineering.Becoming a software engineer typically requires a formal education in computer science, software engineering, or a related field. Many universities offer undergraduate and graduate programs that provide a solid foundation in software development concepts and practices.In addition to formal education, software engineers must continuously update their skills and knowledge to keep pace with evolving technologies and best practices. Industry certifications and professional development courses can help engineers enhance their expertise and stay competitive.Conclusion.Software engineering is a rapidly evolving field that drives innovation and shapes the modern world. By applying scientific and mathematical principles to the design, development, and maintenance of software systems, software engineers create solutions that empower businesses, enhance our lives, and drive economic growth. The demand forskilled software engineers is expected to continue to riseas technology continues to permeate every aspect of our society.。
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Objectives
To introduce software engineering and to explain its importance
To set out the answers to key questions about software engineering
Software engineering is concerned with costeffective software development.
FAQs about software engineering
What is software? What is software engineering? What is the difference between software
methods and tools for professional software development. Expenditure on software represents a significant fraction of GNP in all developed countries.
Software costs
Software costs often dominate computer system costs. The costs of software on a PC are often greater than the hardware cost.
Software costs more to maintain than it does to develop. For systems with a long life, maintenance costs may be several times development costs.
To introduce ethical and professional issues and to explain why they are of concern to software engineers
Topics covered
FAQs about software engineering Professional and ethical responsibility
engineering and computer science? What is the difference between software
engineering and system engineering? What is a software process? What is a software process model?
What is software engineering?
Software engineering is an engineering discipline that is concerned with all aspects of software production.
Software engineers should adopt a systematic and organised approach to their work and use appropriate tools and techniques depending on the problem to be solved, the development constraints and the resources available.
Software products may be developed for a particular customer or may be developed for a general market.
Software products may be
• Generic - developed to be sold to a range of different customers e.g. PC software such as Excel or Word.
Software engineering
The economies of ALL developed nations are dependent on software.
More and more systems are software controlled Software engineering is concerned with theories,
FAQs about software engineering
What are the costs of software engineering? What are software engineering methods? What is CASE (Computer-Aided Software
• Bespoke (custom) - developed for a single customer according to their specification.
New software can be created by developing new programs, configuring generic software systems or reusing existing software.
Engineering) What are the attributes of good software? What are the key challenges facing software
engineering?
What iams and associated documentation such as requirements, design models and user manuals.