被动语态语法知识详解
初中被动语态语法讲解知识讲解
初中被动语态语法讲解初中被动语态语法讲解(一) 语态分类英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
如：They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。
(二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。
不同时态的被动语态，列表如下：一般现在时：am / is / are + done一般过去时：was / were + done一般将来时：shall / will + be done一般过去将来时：should / would + be done现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done过去进行时：was / were + being + done现在完成时：have / has + been + done过去完成时：had + been + done将来完成时：shall / will + have been + done过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。
(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态1. 一般现在时：(1)People grow rice in the south of the country.Rice is grown in the south of the country.(2)The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.2. 一般过去时：(1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.(2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily.His lessons were not easily forgotten3. 一般将来时：(1)They will send cars abroad by sea.Cars will be sent abroad by sea.(2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers.Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.4. 过去将来时：(1)The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year.The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year.(2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible.The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible.5. 现在进行时：(1)The radio is broadcasting English lessons.English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.(2) We are painting the rooms.The rooms are being painted.6. 过去进行时：(1)The workers were mending the road.The road was being mended.(2)This time last year we were planting trees here.Trees were being planted here this time last year.7. 现在完成时：(1)Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.I have been told the sports meeting might be put off.(2)He has brought his book here.His book has been brought here.8. 过去完成时：(1)When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out the tickets.When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out.(2) People had considered him to be a great leader.He had been considered to be a great leader(四）含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+ 及物动词的过去分词”构成。
被动语态知识点讲解(更全面,思路清晰)
被动语态知识点讲解(更全面,思路清晰)被动语态知识点讲解被动语态是英语语法中的重要概念之一，它在句子中常常用来强调动作的接受者或者对象。
在本文中，我们将详细介绍被动语态的用法和结构，并提供一些实例用以帮助读者更好地理解和运用被动语态。
一、什么是被动语态被动语态是指句子的主语是动作的接受者或对象，而动作的执行者成为句子的宾语或介词短语。
被动语态使用助动词“be”加上动词的过去分词形式构成。
二、被动语态的结构根据被动语态的不同时态，其结构会有些许变化。
下面我们将一一介绍几种常见时态的被动语态结构：1. 一般现在时态：被动语态的一般现在时结构为：[be(am/is/are)] + [过去分词] + [by + 主语执行者]示例：1) 主动句：She writes a book.被动句：A book is written by her.2) 主动句：They make delicious cakes.被动句：Delicious cakes are made by them.2. 现在进行时态：被动语态的现在进行时结构为：[be(am/is/are)] + [being] + [过去分词] + [by + 主语执行者]示例：1) 主动句：He is washing the car.被动句：The car is being washed by him.2) 主动句：They are building a house.被动句：A house is being built by them.3. 一般过去时态：被动语态的一般过去时结构为：[be(was/were)] + [过去分词] + [by + 主语执行者]示例：1) 主动句：She bought a new car.被动句：A new car was bought by her.2) 主动句：They painted the wall.被动句：The wall was painted by them.4. 过去进行时态：被动语态的过去进行时结构为：[be(was/were)] + [being] + [过去分词] + [by + 主语执行者]示例：1) 主动句：He was cleaning the house.被动句：The house was being cleaned by him.2) 主动句：They were repairing the car.被动句：The car was being repaired by them.三、被动语态的用法被动语态的使用可以有多种情况，下面是几个常见的用法：1. 强调行为的接受者：被动语态可以强调动作的接受者或者对象，使其在句子中得到突出。
被动语态知识点讲解
被动语态语法专项讲解与训练(一) 语态分类：英语动词分主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
every day. (主动)The room(承) is cleaned(谓动) by Tom(执) every day. (被动)被动语态结构：助动词be + 动词的过去分词done，即be done ，常译为“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动关系。
(二) 被动语态的用法(1) 动作的执行者很明显。
这时往往不用by 短语。
Word processing skills are taught in our computer lessons.(2)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
Some new computers were stolen last night.(3) 突出或强调动作的承受者。
如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by 短语。
The window was broken by Mike. 窗户是迈克打破的。
(三) 被动语态的时态变化：通过助动词be的各种时态变化来体现，done不变。
注意主语的单、复数变化。
以do为例，掌握下列时态的被动结构，形式变化如下：1．一般现在时：am / is / are + done2．一般过去时：was / were + done3．一般将来时：shall / will + be done am/is/are going to be done4．现在完成时：have / has + been + done5．情态动词：can/may/must/should/have to be done以下时态的被动语态作一般了解：现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done 过去进行时：was / were + being + done过去完成时：had + been + done 过去将来时：should / would + be done(四) 主动语态变被动语态的方法My aunt invited me to her dinner party.执行者动词承受者→I was invited (by my aunt ) to her dinner party.承受者谓语by+执行者1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。
语法中的被动语态详解
语法中的被动语态详解被动语态是英语语法中的一个重要部分，它能够有效地改变句子的结构，让句子更加灵活和准确。
被动语态可以表达动作的承受者而不是执行者，强调事件或行为对主语的影响。
本文将对被动语态进行详细的解释和讨论。
1. 被动语态的构成被动语态由“be”动词的不同形式加上主动语态的过去分词构成。
根据时态的不同，被动语态的构成也会有所变化。
下面是常见的被动语态构成方式：- 一般现在时：am/is/are + 过去分词- 一般过去时：was/were + 过去分词- 一般将来时：will be + 过去分词- 现在进行时：am/is/are being + 过去分词- 过去进行时：was/were being + 过去分词- 现在完成时：has/have been + 过去分词- 过去完成时：had been + 过去分词2. 被动语态的用法（1）强调动作的承受者被动语态常用于强调动作的承受者而非执行者。
通过使用被动语态，可以使主语不再是动作的执行者，而是动作的承受者。
例如：- 主动语态：They built the house.- 被动语态：The house was built by them.（2）省略执行人当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁，或者无需提及执行者时，被动语态也是一种很好的选择。
例如：- Active: Someone cleaned the room before the guests arrived.- Passive: The room was cleaned before the guests arrived.（3）强调动作本身有时候，我们希望强调动作或事件本身而不太关注执行者，这时使用被动语态是非常合适的。
例如：- Active: The dog bit John.- Passive: John was bitten by the dog.3. 被动语态的注意事项（1）及物动词和不及物动词的被动语态不同及物动词可以直接变成被动语态，但不及物动词需要加上适当的介词才能构成被动语态。
被动语态语法知识点总结
被动语态语法知识点总结一、被动语态的基本结构被动语态是英语中的一种语法结构，通过将动作的承受者置于句子的主语位置，强调动作的接受者而非执行者。
被动语态的基本结构为：be动词（am, is, are, was, were）+过去分词。
例如：Active voice（主动语态）：The dog chased the cat.（狗追赶着猫。
）Passive voice（被动语态）：The cat was chased by the dog.（猫被狗追赶。
）二、被动语态的用法1. 强调动作的承受者：被动语态可以将动作的承受者放在句子的主语位置，使其成为句子的焦点。
例如：Active voice: He wrote a book.（他写了一本书。
）Passive voice: A book was written by him.（一本书被他写了。
）2. 隐藏执行者：有时候，句子的执行者并不重要或显而易见，这时可以使用被动语态来隐藏执行者。
例如：Active voice: They built this house.（他们建造了这座房子。
）Passive voice: This house was built by them.（这座房子被他们建造了。
）3. 表示客观事实：被动语态常用于描述客观事实或一般真理。
例如：Active voice: People speak English all over the world.（全世界人们讲英语。
）Passive voice: English is spoken all over the world.（英语在全世界都被讲。
）4. 句子的主语是动作的承受者：当动作的承受者比执行者更重要时，可以使用被动语态将其放在句子的主语位置。
例如：Active voice: The car hit the tree.（汽车撞到了树。
）Passive voice: The tree was hit by the car.（树被汽车撞到了。
高中英语语法-被动语态详解
.We can’t use the bridge now, because it ____. A. has been repaired B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is being repaired
❽
❾.
—Have you got the result of the last examination? —Not yet. We’ve been told that the papers ________. A. are marked B. are being marked C. have been marked D. were marked
trees here.
Trees were being planted here this
time last year.
(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 7. 现在完成时： (1)Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.
I have been told the sports meeting
被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化
主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全 一样。 am / is / are + P.P. 一般现在时的被动语态：
was / were + P.P. 一般过去时的被动语态： am/is/are going to + be +P.P. 一般将来时的被动语态： will + be + P.P. was/were going to + be + P.P. 过去将来时的被动语态： would + be +P.P. am / is / are + being + P.P. 现在进行时的被动语态： was / were + being + P.P. 过去进行时的被动语态： have / has + been + P.P. 现在完成时的被动语态： had + been + P.P. 过去完成时的被动语态：
被动语态——语法
被动语态英语被动语态的句子是以《be动词+过去分词》的形式来表达，如果要特别强调动作或行为的执行者时，句子后面需接by～，译为“被（由）……”。
1 被动语态的句型肯定句：主语+be +过去分词+（by～）.否定句：主语+be not +过去分词+（by～）.一般疑问句：Be +主语+过去分词+（by～）？特殊疑问句：疑问词+be +主语+过去分词+（by～）？被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的，be是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，be动词后面的过去分词不变。
一、被动语态的用法：1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词Our classroom is cleaned everyday.I am asked to study hard.Knives are used for cutting things.2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词A new shop was built last year.Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.3. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词A new hospital will be built in our city.Many more trees will be planted next year.4. 现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→My bike is being repaired by Tom now.They are planting trees over there. →Trees are being planted over there by them.5. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词This book has been translated into many languages.Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.6.过去进行时的被动语态构成：was/were + being + 及物动词的过去分词The boy was being operated on when his parents hurried to the hospital.The new road was being made.*过去将来时：should/would+及物动词的过去分词*过去将来完成时: should/would+have been +及物动词的过去分词7.过去完成时的被动语态构成：had + been + 及物动词的过去分词The classroom hadn’t been cleaned before the teacher came.The tickets had been sold out berore I came to the cinema.8.将来完成时的被动语态构成：shall/will + have doneThey will have been married for 20 years by then.The project will have been completed before May.9.含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词Young trees must be watered often.Your mistakes should be corrected right now.The door may be locked inside.Your homework can be handed in tomorrow.二、怎样把主动语态改成被动语态?把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单，可以遵循以下几个步骤：1. 先找出谓语动词；2. 再找出谓语动词后的宾语；3. 把宾语用作被动语态中的主语；4. 注意人称、时态和数的变化。
英语语法被动语态讲解
英语语法被动语态讲解英语语法被动语态讲解1.被动语态的构成由于不及物动词不能带宾语，故无被动语态，只有及物动词或相当于及物动词的动词短语才有被动语态，其基本构成方式是“助动词be+过去分词”。
注意：“be+过去分词”结构不一定都是被动语态，有些动词(如 be，feel，look，seem等)后面的过去分词已转化为形容词，用作表语表示状态。
如：My bike is broken.(我的自行车坏了。
)The door is open.(门开了。
)2.主动语态改被动语态的方法1)将主动语态改为被动语态应注意以下三个方面：①将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语;②将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be+过去分词”结构;③将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后(有时可省略)。
2)含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态改为被动语态时有两种情况：①把间接宾语改为被动语态的主语，直接宾语仍保留原位;②把直接宾语改为主动语态的主语，此时，间接宾语前要加介词to或 for。
如：He gave the boy an apple.→ The boy was given an a pple.(或An apple was given to the boy.)Her father bought her a present.→ She was bought a present by her father.(或A present was bought for her by her father.)3)不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的主动语态，改为被动语态时不定式前要加to。
如：They watched the children sing that morning.→ Th e children were watched to sing that morning.4)带复合宾语的动词在改为被动语态时，一般把主动语态的宾语改为主语，宾语补足语在被动语态中作主语补足语。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
初中英语被动语态详解●一、被动语态什么是被动语态？要弄懂什么是被动语态，让我们先了一下解语态。
什么叫语态？是动词的一种形式，用于表明主语与谓语之间的关系。
英语中时态很多，但语态只有两种，即：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者。
被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者。
所谓“被动语态”，相当于中文中常说的“被……”、“由……”的句式，如：“他的自行车被偷了。
”，“这座楼房是由他们建造的。
”●二、被动语态的谓语结构英语中被动语态是怎么样构成的呢?请看下面的例句(注意划线部分)：His bicycle was stolen.English is spoken by people in the world.通过上面的例句，可以看出，被动语态的谓语结构是：“be + 及物动词的过去分词”●三、被动语态的运用什么情况下要用被动语态呢?一般地说，有下面几种情况：1.不知道谁是动作的执行者。
例如：Paper is made from wood. (纸是由木材生产出来的。
)2.没有必要指出动作的执行者。
例如：The house is quite old. It was built in 1950. (这座房子太旧了。
它是1950年建成的。
)He was wounded in the fight. (他在战斗中受伤了。
)Electricity is used to run machines. (电是用来开动机器的。
)3.只需要强调动作的对象时。
例如：The classroom is cleaned every day.Calculator can't be used in the math exam.(计算器不能用于数学考试。
)4.为了使语气婉转，避免提到是谁做的这件事。
例如：The new library must be completed by the end of next month. (新图书馆必须在下个月底前完工。
)一般地讲，被动语态用于英语的各种时态。
为了能准确地运用被动语态，重点是要掌握be动词的各种时态变化。
各种时态的被动语态举例如下：●1、一般现在时的被动语态Our classroom is cleaned every day.This car is made in China.一般现在时被动语态的几种句型:1) 肯定句: 主语+am/is/are + V-ed + (by…)Our classroom is cleaned every day.2) 否定句: 主语+ am/is/are + not + V-ed + (by…)Our classroom is not cleaned every day.3) 一般疑问句: Am/Is/Are + 主语+ V-ed + (by…)?Is our classroom cleaned every day?4) 特殊疑问句: 疑问词+ am/is/are + 主语+ V-ed + (by…)?What time is our classroom cleaned every day?●2、一般过去式的被动语态E.g.His desk was cleaned just now.The building was built in 1928.一般过去时被动语态的几种句型:1) 肯定句: 主语+ was/were + V-ed + (by…)The news was published by the government.2) 否定句: 主语+ was/were + not + V-ed + (by…)The news wasn’t published by the government.3) 一般疑问句: Was/Were + 主语+ V-ed + (by…)?Was the news published by the government?4) 特殊疑问句: 疑问词+ was/were + 主语+ V-ed + (by…)?When was the news published by the government?●3、现在完成时的被动语态Some new building have been built in the city since last year.Your watch has been mended already.4、过去完成时的被动语态:had + been + 及物动词的过去分词如：He said that some new factories had been built in the city.I didn't know that my watch had been mended .●5、一般将来时的被动语态:①will/shall + be + 及物动词的过去分词② am/is/are + going to be +动词的过去分词.如：Some new building will be built in our city this year.Your watch is going to be mended in an hour.6、过去将来时的被动语态:(1).would / should + be + 及物动词的过去分词如：(2).was / were +going to be + 动词的过去分词.She said that some new factories would be built soon in our city.He thought that your watch was going to be mended after an hour.7.现在进行时的被动语态: am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词如：A new factory is being built in our city now.Some trees are being cut down in the park.8、过去进行时的被动语态: was / were + being + 及物动词的过去分词如：A new factory was being built in our city at that time. Some babies were being looked after by Miss Chen last year.●9、含情态动词的被动式：情态动词 + be +及物动词的过去分词如：The key could not be found last night.The homework must be finished before dinner.五、如何将主动语态变成被动语态I.主动语态变被动语态：可简单记为主变（介词by的）宾，宾变主，谓语结构主动变被动图示：主动语态：主语+ 谓语(主动）+宾语+其他被动语态：主语+谓语(被动）+（by+宾语）+其他II.主动语态与被动语态互换巧记法：主动语态：人们说英语。
People speak English in many countries.English is spoken（by people) in many countries..被动语态：英语被说。
如何将主动语态变成被动语态,具体方法举例:1、从句子意义上说，就是重新找出“什么事物”是“被完成”的。
例1.主动语态：人们说英语。
People speak English in many countries. 被动语态：英语被说。
English is spoken in many countries.. 例2.主动语态：我们造这座桥。
We built this bridge last year.被动语态：这座桥被建造。
This bridge was built last year.2、从语法的角度说，把原句的宾语改成主语。
例1.主动语态：小王邀请你(宾语) Xiao Liu has invited you to a lunch party. 被动语态：你(宾语)被邀请。
You has been invited to a lunch party by Xiao Wang.例2.主动语态：你不准带走杂志(宾语) You must not take these magazines out of the reading-room.被动语态：杂志(宾语)不准被带走.These magazines must not be taken out of the reading room.例3.主动语态：他们授给他(宾语)一枚奖章(宾语).They gave him a medal for his wonderful work.被动语态：他(宾语)被授予一枚奖章. He was given a medal for his wonderful work.被动语态：一枚奖章(宾语)被授给了他.A medal was given to him for his wonderful work.※关于被动语态以下几点需要特别注意：1.被动语态中介词by及它的宾语可以省略，除非必须指出动作的执行者。
eg .In the end ,we all know the window was broken by Tom.※2.感官动词如see, hear , feel ,find, watch, notice等和使役动词如make, let，have等，在主动语态中要接省略to不定式作宾语补足语，在被动语态中些词后面的动词不定式都需要带to即：都要接to do不定式.eg. My mother often lets me take out the rubbish.(主动）I am often let to take out the rubbish by my mother.(被动）顺口溜：感官动词一感二听三让四看主动句中to 离开，被动句中to回来3.及物动词和动词+介词或动词+副词后可接宾语的动词短语才有被动语态。
eg. The meeting will be put off tomorrow.注意: “不及物动词+介词 / 副词”构成的短语动词，变成被动句时，要把它们作为整体看待，介词或副词不可与其动词拆开或漏掉。
如：Our homework was handed in yesterday afternoon.The house was fixed up by my father.4.带双宾语的动词，变被动语态时，可以把其中任意一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。