06年专八口试真题评分解析

合集下载

2006专八翻译分析

若问我们的目标是什么?我可以用一个词来回答,那就是胜利.不惜一切代价,去夺取胜利——不惧一切恐怖,去夺取胜利——不论前路如何漫长,如何艰苦,去夺取胜利. 因为没有胜利就不能生存. 我们务必认识到,没有胜利就不复有大英帝国,没有胜利就不复有大英帝国所象征的一切,没有胜利就不复有多少世纪以来的强烈要求和冲动: 人类应当向a commodity; the real thing cannot be bought, sold, traded or stolen. It is an act of the will, a turning of the emotions, a change in the climate of the personality. 然而, 爱情并非商品;真爱 , 买不到, 然而 , 爱情并非商品;真爱, 买不到 , 卖不了 , 不能交换, 也不能偷盗. 爱情, 是意志行为不能交换 , 也不能偷盗 . 爱情 , ,是感情转折,是个性风标的转向. 是感情转折,是个性风标的转向.
We tend to treat persons like goods. We ever speak of children "belonging" to their parents. But nobody "belongs" to anyone else; each person belongs to himself, and to God. Children are entrusted to their parents, and if their parents do not treat them properly, the state has a right to remove from their parents' trusteeship. 我们往往视人如物.我们总是说孩子"属于" 我们往往视人如物.我们总是说孩子"属于"父母 .但是,在这个世界上,谁也不"属于"谁.每个但是,在这个世界上,谁也不"属于" 人只属于自己,属于上帝. 人只属于自己,属于上帝.孩子不过是托付给了父母,如果父母不善待孩子,州政府有权取消父母的如果父母不善待孩子, 托管权. 托管权.

(整理)专八口语考试真题讲评.

英语专业八级口试口译真题评析（以2009年、2010年真题为例）专八口译虽然是量化计分，但是参考答案往往不是唯一的，只要是在可以接受范围内都给分的。

例如：2009年英译中的第一个句子Together with my colleagues from Chang’an and Ford, I want to thank you for joining us during the inauguration of the most advanced automotive manufacturing plant in China.其中the inauguration of ...plant既可以译成“竣工投产仪式”，也可以译成“建成仪式”、“正式启用”、“启用典礼”等等都算对。

由于口译的灵活度比较大，即便是不在给定的可接受参考答案内的，经验丰富的评分老师也可以根据情况酌情给分。

所以不用担心误判的问题。

关于评分的有效性问题，实际上每位同学的录音至少有两位老师评分。

如果两位老师评分接近，那么评分有效，否则请第三位老师评分。

下面通过2009年英译中真题讲解，分析一下同学们口译中出现的常见问题以及这两年真题的参考译文。

【真题示例】2009年英译中：l . Together with my colleagues from Chang’an and Ford, I want to thank you for joining us during the inauguration of the most advanced automotive manufacturing plant in China.问题：1）这句话的前半句有部分学校录音没录上，同学白白丢了2分。

2）inauguration这个词有些同学没反应过来，还有些硬译成“就职仪式”。

参考译文：与长安和福特的同事们一起，我感谢你们参加中国最先进的汽车制造厂竣工投产仪式。

日语专八06真题

大学日本語専攻生八級能力試験問題（２００６）（総合問題）（試験時間：聴解を除いて９０分間）注意：回答はすべて解答用紙に書くこと一、聴解（２点×１０＝２０点）問題一次の会話を聞いてください。

その後で文を四つ読みますから最も適当なものをＡ、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄの中から一つ選んでください。

会話も文も繰り返しません。

１番２番３番４番５番６番７番問題二次の話を聞いてください。

その後で質問をします。

それから、その答えを四つずつ読みます。

その中から適当なものを一つ選らんでください。

９番１０番二、次の文の下線を付けた部分はどれに当たるか、それぞれＡ、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄの中から一つ選びなさい。

（１点×１０＝１０点）１１．人間同士というものは、一つでも歯車食い違っただけで、傷付けあったりいがみ合ったりするものだ。

A.はぐるまB.はしゃC.しくるまD.ししゃ１２．約１万年前に絶滅したとされるマンモスが、シベリアの永久凍土から発掘され、グローバル·ハウスで展示される。

A.ぜつめいB.ぜつめつC.ぜっめつD.ぜめつ１３．商店街の中には、漫才や落語、歌に踊りが繰り広がられる演芸場もある。

A.おちことばB.おちがたりC.らくごD.ろくご１４．神戸の洋菓子は、舌の肥えた神戸っ子を今も魅了し続けているのだ。

A.こB.はC.ひD.ひと１５．基盤の目のように道路が走る整然とした街並みを歩くと、開拓時代の面影を残す西洋風の館を見ることができる。

A.めんえいB.めんかげC.つらかげD.おもかげ１６．タビは洋装でいえば靴下のようなもので、草履や草鞋などと併用される。

A.多比B.荼毘C.足袋D.田尾１７．意気細君らしくなった豊世の風俗は、昔カタギの老婆に気に入らなかった。

A.堅気B.気質C.気性D. 堅儀１８．１８世紀後半、江戸の庶民の典型的な風俗。

娘はスアシに下駄、次女は草履を履いている。

A.裸足B.素足C.赤足D.白足１９．漫画は、江戸時代になると、木版技術の進歩により、版本·ハンガとして生み出されていく。

2006专八真题及答案

2006年专业八级真题及答案PARTI LISTENING COMPREHESIONSection A Mini-lectureSection B InterviewIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview.1. Which of the following statements is TRUE about Miss Green’s university days?A. She felt bored.B. She felt lonely.C. She cherished them.D. The subject was easy.2. Which of the following is NOT part of her job with the Department of Employment?A. Doing surveys at workplace.B. Analyzing survey results.C. Designing questionnaires.D. Taking a psychology course.3. According to Miss Green, the main difference between the Department of Employment and the advertising agency lies inA. the nature of work.B. office decoration.C. office location.D. work procedures.4. Why did Miss green want to leave the advertising agency?A. She felt unhappy inside the company.B. She felt work there too demanding.C. She was denied promotion in the company.D. She longed for new opportunities.5. How did Miss Green react to a heavier workload in the new job?A. She was willing and ready.B. She sounded mildly eager.C. She a bit surprised.D. She sounded very reluctant.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet. Questions 6 and 7 based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10seconds to answer each of the two questions. Now listen to the news.6. The man stole the aircraft mainly because he wanted toA. destroy the European Central Bank.B. have an interview with a TV station.C. circle skyscrapers in downtown Frankfurt.D. remember the death of a US astronaut.7. Which of the following statements about the man is TRUE?A. He was a 31-year-old student from Frankfurt.B. He was piloting a two-seat helicopter he had stolen.C. He had talked to air traffic controllers by radio.D. He threatened to land on the European Central Bank.Question 8 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.8. The news is mainly about the city government’s plan toA. expand and improve the existing subway system.B. build underground malls and parking lots.C. prevent further land subsidence.D. promote advanced technology.Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions. Now listen to the news.9. According to the news, what makes this credit card different from conventional ones isA. that it can hear the owner’s voice.B. that it can remember a password.C. that it can identify the owner’s voice.D. that it can remember the owner’s PIN.10. The newly developed credit card is said to said to have all the following EXCEPTA. switch.B. battery.C. speaker.D. built-in chip.参考答案：Section A Mini-lecture1.the author2.other works3.literary trends4.grammar,diction or uses of image5.cultural codes6.cultural7.the reader8.social9.reader competency10. social sructure,traditions of writing or political cultural influences,etc.Section B Interview1-5 CDDDASection C News Broadcast6-10 DCBCAPART II READING COMPREHENSION(30MIN)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet.TEXT AThe University in transformation, edited by Australian futurists Sohail Inayatullah and Jennifer Gidley, presents some 20 highly varied outlooks on tomorrow’s universities by writers representing both Western and mon-Western perspectives. Their essays raise a broad range of issues, questioning nearly every key assumption we have about higher education today.The most widely discussed alternative to the traditional campus is the Internet University –a voluntary community to scholars/teachers physically scattered throughout a country or around the world but all linked in cyberspace. A computerized university could have many advantages, such as easy scheduling, efficient delivery of lectures to thousands or even millions of students at once, and ready access for students everywhere to the resources of all the world’s great libraries.Yet the Internet University poses dangers, too. For example, a line of franchised courseware, produced by a few superstar teachers, marketed under the brand name of a famous institution, and heavily advertised, might eventually come to dominate the global education market, warns sociology professor Peter Manicas of the University of Hawaii at Manoa. Besides enforcing a rigidly standardized curriculum, s uch a “college education in a box” could undersell the offerings of many traditional brick and mortar institutions, effectively driving then out of business and throwing thousands of career academics out of work, note Australian communications professors David Rooney and Greg Hearn.On the other hand, while global connectivity seems highly likely to play some significant role in future higher education, that does not mean greater uniformity in course content – or other dangers – will necessarily follow. Counter-movements are also at work.Many in academia, including scholars contributing to this volume, are questioning the fundamental mission of university education. What if, for instance, instead of receiving primarily technical training and building their individual careers, university students and professors could focus their learning and research efforts on existing problems in their local communities and the world? Feminist scholar Ivana Milojevic dares to dream what a university might become “if we believed that child-care workers and teachers in early childhood education should be one of the highest (rather than lowest) paid professionals?”3Co-editor Jennifer Gidley shows how tomorrow’s university faculty, instead of giving lectures and conducting independent research, may take on three new roles. Some would act as brokers, assembling customized degree-credit programmes for individual students by mixing and matching the best course offerings available from institutions all around the world. A second group, mentors, would function much like today’s faculty advisers, but are likely to be working with many more students outside their own academic specialty. This would require them to constantly be learning from their students as well as instructing them.A third new role for faculty, and in Gidley’s view the most challenging and rewarding of all, would be as meaning-makers: charismatic sages and practitioners leading groups of students/colleagues in collaborative efforts to find spiritual as well as rational and technological solutions to specific real-world problems.Moreover, there seems little reason to suppose that any one form of university must necessarily drive out all other options. Students may be “enrolled” in courses offered at virtual cam puses on the Internet, between –or even during – sessions at a real-world problem-focused institution.As co-editor Sohail Inayatullah points out in his introduction, no future is inevitable, and the very act of imagining and thinking through alternative possibilities can directly affect how thoughtfully, creatively and urgently even a dominant technology is adapted and applied. Even in academia, the future belongs to those who care enough to work their visions into practical, sustainable realities.11. When the book reviewer discusses the Internet University,A. he is in favour of it.B. his view is balanced.C. he is slightly critical of it.D. he is strongly critical of it.12. Which of the following is NOT seen as a potential danger of the Internet University?A. Internet-based courses may be less costly than traditional ones.B. Teachers in traditional institutions may lose their jobs.C. internet-based courseware may lack variety in course content.D. The Internet University may produce teachers with a lot of publicity.13. According to the review, what is the fundamental mission of traditional university education?A. Knowledge learning and career building.B. Learning how to solve existing social problems.C. Researching into solutions to current world problems.D. Combining research efforts of teachers and students in learning.14. Judging from the Three new roles envisioned for tomorrow's university faculty, university teachersA. are required to conduct more independent research.B. are required to offer more course to their students.C. are supposed to assume more demanding duties.D. are supposed to supervise more students in their specialty.15. Which category of writing does the review belong to?A. Narration.B. DescriptionC. persuasionD. Exposition.TEXT BEvery street had a story, every building a memory, Those blessed with wonderful childhoods can drive the streets of their hometowns and happily roll back the years. The rest are pulled home by duty and leave as soon as possible. After Ray Atlee had been in Clanton (his hometown) for fifteen minutes he was anxious to get out.The town had changed, but then it hadn't. On the highways leading in, the cheap metal buildings and mobile homes were gathering as tightly as possible next to the roads for maximum visibility. This town had no zoning whatsoever. A landowner could build anything wiih no permit no inspection, no notice to adjoining landowners. nothing. Only hog farms and nuclear reactors required approvals and paperwork. The result was a slash-and-build clutter that got uglier by the year.But in the older sections, nearer the square, the town had not changed at all The long shaded streets were as clean and neat as when Kay roamed them on his bike. Most of the houses were still owned by people he knew, or if those folks had passed on the new owners kept the lawns clipped and the shutters painted. Only a few were being neglected. A handful had been abandoned.This deep in Bible country, it was still an unwritten rule in the town that little was done on Sundays except go to church, sit on porches, visit neighbours, rest and relax the way God intended.It was cloudy, quite cool for May, and as he toured his old turf, killing time until the appointed hour for the family meeting, he tried to dwell on the good memories from Clanton. There was Dizzy Dean Park where he had played little League for the Pirates, and (here was the public pool he'd swum in every summer except 1969 when the city closed it rather than admit black children. There were the churches - Baptist, Methodist, and Presbyterian - facing each other at the intersection of Second and Elm like wary sentries, their steeples competing for height. They were empty now, hut in an hour or so the more faithful would gather for evening services.The square was as lifeless as the streets leading to it. With eight thousand people, Clanton was just large enough to have attracted the discount stores that had wiped out so many small towns. But here the people h ad been faithful to their downtown merchants, and there wasn’t s single empty or boarded-up building around the square – no small miracle. The retail shops were mixed in with the banks and law offices and cafes, all closed for the Sabbath.He inched through the cemetery and surveyed the Atlee section in the old part, where the tombstones were grander. Some of his ancestors had built monuments for their dead. Ray had always assumed that the family money he’d never seen must have been buried in those graves. He parked and walked to his mother’s grave, something he hadn’t done in years. She was buried among the Atlees, at the far edge of the family plot because she had barely belonged.5Soon, in less than an hour, he would be sitting in his father’s study, s ipping bad instant tea and receiving instructions on exactly how his father would be laid to rest. Many orders were about to be give, many decrees and directions, because his father(who used to be a judge) was a great man and cared deeply about how he was to be remembered.Moving again, Ray passed the water tower he’d climbed twice, the second time with the police waiting below. He grimaced at his old high school, a place he’d never visited since he’d left it. Behind it was the football field where his brother Forrest had romped over opponents and almost became famous before getting bounced off the team.It was twenty minutes before five, Sunday, May 7. Time for the family meeting.16. From the first paragraph, we get the impression thatA. Ray cherished his childhood memories.B. Ray had something urgent to take care of.C. Ray may not have a happy childhood.D. Ray cannot remember his childhood days.17. Which of the following adjectives does NOT describe Ray’s hometown?A. Lifeless.B. Religious.C. Traditional.D. Quiet.18. Form the passage we can infer that the relationship between Ray and his parents wasA. close.B. remote.C. tense.D. impossible to tell.19. It can be inferred from the passage that Ray’s father was all EXCEPTA. considerate.B. punctual.C. thrifty.D. dominant.Text CCampaigning on the Indian frontier is an experience by itself.Neither the landscape nor the people find their counterparts in any other portion of the globe.Valley walls rise steeply five or six thousand feet on every side.The columns crawl through a maze of giant corridors down which fierce snow-fed torrents foam under skies of brass.Amid these scenes of savage brilliancy there dwells a race whose qualities seem to harmonize with their environment.Except at harvest time,when self-preservation requires a temporary truce,the Pathan tribes are always engaged in private or public war.Every man is a warrior,a politician and a theologian.Every large house is a real feudal fortress made,it is true,only of sun-baked clay,but with battlements,turrets,loopholes,drawbridges,plete.Every village has its defence.Every family cultivates its vendetta; every clan,its feud.The numerous tribes and combinations of tribes all havetheir accounts to settle with one another.Nothing is ever forgotten,and very few debts are left unpaid.For the purposes of social life,in addition to the convention about harvest-time, a most elaborate code of honour has been established and is on the whole faithfully observed.A man who knew it and observed it faultlessly might pass unarmed from one end of the frontier to another.The slightest technical slip would,however,be fatal.The life of the Pathan is thus full of interest; and his valleys,nourished alike by endless sunshine and abundant water,are fertile enough to yield with little labour the modest material requirements of a sparse population.Into this happy world the nineteenth century brought two new facts:the rifle and the British Government.The first was an enormous luxury and blessing; the second,an unmitigated nuisance.The convenience of the rifle was nowhere more appreciated than in the Indian highlands.A weapon which would kill with accuracy at fifteen hundred yards opened a whole new vista of delights to every family or clan which could acquire it.One could actually remain in one’s own house and fire at one’s neighbour nearly a mile away.One could lie in wait on some high crag,and at hitherto unheard of ranges hit a horseman far below.Even villages could fire at each other without the trouble of going far from home.Fabulous prices were therefore offered for these glorious products of science.Rifle-thieves scoured all India to reinforce the efforts of the honest smuggler.A steady flow of the coveted weapons spread its genial influence throughout the frontier,and the respect which the Pathan tribesmen entertained for Christian civilization was vastly enhanced.The action of the British Government on the other hand was entirely unsatisfactory.The great organizing,advancing,absorbing power to the southward seemed to be little better than a monstrous spoil-sport.If the Pathan made forays into the plains,not only were they driven back (which after all was no more than fair),but a whole series of subsequent interferences took place,followed at intervals by expeditions which toiled laboriously through the valleys,scolding the tribesmen and exacting fines for any damage which they had done.No one would have minded these expeditions if they had simply come,had a fight and then gone away again.In many cases this was their practice under what was called the “butcher and bolt policy” to which the Government of India long adhered.But towards the end of the nineteenth century these intruders began to make roads through many of the valleys,and in particular the great road to Chitral.They sought to ensure the safety of these roads by threats,by forts and by subsidies.There was no objection to the last method so far as it went.But the whole of this tendency to road-making was regarded by the Pathans with profound distaste.All along the road people were expected to keep quiet,not to shoot one another,and above all not to shoot at travellers along the road.It was too much to ask,and a whole series of quarrels took their origin from this source.20. The word debts in“very few debts are left unpaid”in the first paragraph meansA loans.B accounts.C killings.D bargains.21. Which of the following is NOT one of the geographical facts about the Indian frontier?A Melting snows.B Large population.C Steep hillsides.D Fertile valleys.722. According to the passage,the Pathans welcomedA the introduction of the rifle.B the spread of British rule.C the extension of luxuries.D the spread of trade.23. Building roads by the BritishA put an end to a whole series of quarrels.B prevented the Pathans from carrying on feuds.C lessened the subsidies paid to the Pathans.D gave the Pathans a much quieter life.24. A suitable title for the passage would beA Campaigning on the Indian Frontier.B Why the Pathans Resented the British Rule.C The Popularity of Rifles among the Pathans.D The Pathans at WarText D“Museum”is a slippery word. It first meant (in Greek) anything consecrated to the Muses:a hill,a shrine,a garden,a festival or even a textbook.Both Platos Academy and Aristotles Lyceum had a mouseion, a muses shrine.Although the Greeks already collected detached works of art,many temples—notably that of Hera at Olympia (before which the Olympic flame is still lit)—had collections of objects,some of which were works of art by well known masters,while paintings and sculptures in the Alexandrian Museum were incidental to its main purpose.The Romans also collected and exhibited art from disbanded temples,as well as mineral specimens,exotic plants,animals; and they plundered sculptures and paintings (mostly Greek) for exhibition.Meanwhile,the Greek word had slipped into Latin by transliteration (though not to signify picture galleries,which were called pinacothecae) and museum still more or less meant“Muses- shrine”.The inspirational collections of precious and semi-precious objects were kept in larger churches and monasteries—which focused on the gold-enshrined,bejewelled relics of saints and martyrs.Princes,and later merchants,had similar collections,which became the deposits of natural curiosities:large lumps of amber or coral,irregular pearls,unicorn horns,ostrich eggs,fossil bones and so on.They also included coins and gems—often antique engraved ones—as well as,increasingly,paintings and sculptures.As they multiplied and expanded,to supplement them,the skill of the fakers grew increasingly refined.At the same time,visitors could admire the very grandest paintings and sculptures in the churches,palaces and castles; they were no t“collected”either,but“site-specific”,and were considered an integral part both of the fabric of the buildings and of the way of life which went on inside them—and most of the buildings were public ones.However,during the revival of antiquity in the fifteenth century,fragments of antique sculpture were given higher status than the work of any contemporary,so that displays of antiquities would inspire artists to imitation,or even better,toemulation; and so could be considered Muses- shrines in the former sense.The Medici garden near San Marco in Florence,the Belvedere and the Capitol in Rome were the most famous of such early“inspirational”collections.Soon they multiplied,and,gradually,exemplary “modern”works were also added to such galleries.In the seventeenth century,scientific and prestige collecting became so widespread that three or four collectors independently published directories to museums all over the known world.But it was the age of revolutions and industry which produced the next sharp shift in the way the institution was perceived:the fury against royal and church monuments prompted antiquarians to shelter them in asylum-galleries,of which the Musee des Monuments Francais was the most famous.Then,in the first half of the nineteenth century,museum funding took off,allied to the rise of new wealth:London acquired the National Gallery and the British Museum,the Louvre was organized,the Museum-Insel was begun in Berlin,and the Munich galleries were built.In Vienna,the huge Kunsthistorisches and Naturhistorisches Museums took over much of the imperial treasure.Meanwhile,the decline of craftsmanship (and of public taste with it) inspired the creation of “improving”collections.The Victoria and Albert Museum in London was the most famous,as well as perhaps the largest of them.25. The sentence“Museum is a slippery word”in the first paragraph means thatA the meaning of the word didn’t change until after the 15th century.B the meaning of the word had changed over the years.C the Greeks held different concepts from the Romans.D princes and merchants added paintings to their collections.26. The idea that museum could mean a mountain or an object originates fromA the Romans.B Florence.C Olympia.D Greek.27. “...the skill of the fakers grew increasingly refined” in the third paragraph means thatA there was a great demand for fakers.B fakers grew rapidly in number.C fakers became more skillful.D fakers became more polite.28. Paintings and sculptures on display in churches in the 15th century wereA collected from elsewhere.B made part of the buildings.C donated by people.D bought by churches.29. Modern museums came into existence in order toA protect royal and church treasures.B improve existing collections.C stimulate public interest.D raise more funds.30. Which is the main idea of the passage?A Collection and collectors.9B The evolution of museums.C Modern museums and their functions.D The birth of museums.11-15 BAACD 16-20 CDBAC 21-25BABAB 26-30 DCBAB【人文知识】There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section.Choose the best answers to each question. Mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet.31.The Presidents during the American Civil War wasA. Andrew JacksonB. Abraham LincolnC. Thomas JeffersonD. George Washington32.The capital of New Zealand isA.ChristchurchB.AucklandC.WellingtonD.Hamilton33.Who were the natives of Austrilia before the arrival of the British settlers?A.The AboriginesB.The MaoriC.The IndiansD.The Eskimos34.The Prime Minister in Britain is head ofA.the Shadow CabinetB.the ParliamentC.the OppositionD.the Cabinet35.Which of the following writers is a poet of the 20th century?A.T.S.EliotwrenceC.Theodore DreiserD.James Joyce36.The novel For Whom the Bell Tolls is written byA.Scott FitzgeraldB.William FaulknerC.Eugene O'NeilD.Ernest Hemingway37._____ is defined as an expression of human emotion which is condensed into fourteen linesA.Free verseB.SonnetC.OdeD.Epigram38.What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is the notion ofA.referenceB.meaningC.antonymyD.context39.The words"kid,child,offspring" are examples ofA.dialectal synonymsB.stylistic synonymsC.emotive synonymsD.collocational synonyms40.The distinction between parole and langue was made byA.HalliayB.ChomskyC.BloomfieldD.Saussure参考答案: 31-35BCADA 36-40 DBDBD【改错】We use language primarily as a means of communication withother human beings. Each of us shares with the community in which we live a store of words and meanings as well as agreeing conventions as ___1 to the way in which words should be arranged to convey a particular ___2 message: the English speaker has iii his disposal at vocabulary and a ___3 set of grammatical rules which enables him to communicate his ___4 thoughts and feelings, ill a variety of styles, to the other English ___5 speakers. His vocabulary, in particular, both that which he uses active-[y and that which he recognises, increases ill size as he growsold as a result of education and experience. ___6But, whether the language store is relatively small or large, the system remains no more, than a psychological reality for tike inpidual, unlesshe has a means of expressing it in terms able to be seen by another ___7 member of his linguistic community; he bas to give tile system a concrete transmission form. We take it for granted rice’ two most ___8 common forms of transmission-by means of sounds produced by our vocal organs (speech) or by visual signs (writing). And these are ___9 among most striking of human achievements. _____1011改错参考答案PART IV1. agreeing-agreed2. in which 可有可无3. in his disposal- at his disposal4.enables-enable5.the other English speakers-other English speakers6.old-older7.seen-understood8.take it for granted- take for granted9.or-and10. the most striking of human achievements汉译英及参考译文中国民族自古以来从不把人看作高于一切，在哲学文艺方面的表现都反映出人在自然界中与万物占着一个比例较为恰当的地位，而非绝对统治万物的主宰。

2006年英语专业八级真题及答案

PartⅠ. Listening Comprehension (Section A)1.(the)author(s)/ (the)writer(s)2.other works/ the other works/ othersworks/ other/ the other3.(the)literary trend(s)/ literature trend(s)/ literary tendency/ literature tendency/ literature tradition4. grammar/ image(s)/diction/ use of image(s)5. cultural code(s)/ culture code(s)Literary tradition/ cultural/ culture/ code(s)/ cultural tradition6. cultural/ culture7. (the) reader(s)8. social9. reader competency/ reader(’s) competencecompetency/ competence/ competentreader10. social system(s)/ social structure(s)/ literary traditions/ political influence(s)/ cult ural influence(s)/ personal influence(s)Part Ⅳ. Proofreading and Error Correction1.agreeing --------agreed2.∧words----------these/those words3.in the disposal --------at the disposal4.enables--------enable5.delete ―the‖ before ―other English speakers‖6.old------ older7.seen ------ perceived, understood, comprehended8.delete ―it‖ before ―for granted‖9.And ----- Yet; However10.∧most ------ the most strikingAmbition(写作用,影响类)Ambition is the decision one makes and the resolution with which he carries o ut that decision. It provides us with the required driving force to accomplish any un dertakings in our life. Just as Joseph Epstein, a famous American writer put it, ―And as we decide and choose, so are our lives formed.‖ Indeed, once we make up our minds to choose to do something, then our life becomes meaningful and specificall y orientated. This notion of life, as far as I observe, is closest to truth and does a pply to almost all aspects of life.First things first, ambition renders us a sense of mission. No matter what deci sion you make you have to be responsible for your choice. Your choice procures yo u a sense of orientation, or more specially a sense of mission. And only a strong m ission may enable one to accomplish greatness. Caesar of the ancient Roman Empir e was urged by his ambition ―I came, I saw, I conquered.‖ And became an unrival ed empire builder in the history of Rome. John Milton, stimulated always by his am bition that aimed at writ ing some ―mighty lines‖ which England would unwillingly forget, had in due time secured his position as the second Shakespeare in the history of English literature.In the second place, ambition can bring one’s potentials to the full. Ambition may well serve as a catalyst activating one’s dormant potentials. Without ambition o ne’s potentials will remain slumbering like a dormant volcano. A case in point is Ms Zhang Haidi, a Chinese Helen Keller. It was her ambition to be a useful person ha s turned the almost paralyzed Zhang Haidi into a well-accomplished figure whose ac hievements would dwarf those of some normal people aim at the sun, though, at w orst, they may probably land on the moon.Influential as it is upon us, however, ambition must be channeled in the right direction. If wrongly directed, one’s ambition may bring havoc on him and others. H itler, whose ambition was to conquer Europe by whatever evil means, finally turned him into a demon. It was this demon that almost cast Europe into an unfathomabl e abyss of anguish and suffering. Another case is Macbeth whose ambition was to become the king of Scotland. However, his ambition was materialized by the murder of King Duncan. Consequently, unbearable guilt and psychological agony drove him to his tragic doom.To sum up, ambition can benefit us tremendously if wisely and correctly chann eled, otherwise it may ruin others and ourselves. A poet says: life can be bad; life can be good; life can be dirty; life can be sad,; life can even be painful. In my mi nd’s ey e, a person can make his life beautiful, meaningful and rewarding and stand out as a respectable personage if he is motivated by a well-orientated ambition.作文原题Joseph epstein, a famous american writer,once said"we decide whatis important and what is trivial in life we decide that what makes ussignificant is either what we do or what we refuse todo but no matter how indifferent the universe may be to our choices and decisions, thesechoices and decisions are ours to make. we decide. we choose.and as we decide and choose, so are our lives formed. in the end, forming our own destiny is what ambition is aboutdo you agree or disagree with him? write an eassay of about 400 words entitled: AMBITIONin the first part of your essay you should state clearly your opinion in response to epstein'viewin the second give details ........in the end , give a conclusion...(略写)[size=4]阅读理解[/size]11-15 BAACD 16-20 CDBAC 21-25BABAB 26-30 DCBAB11-15 BAACD 16-20 CDBAC 21-25BABAB 26-30 DCBABTEXT AThe University in transformation, edited by Australian futurists Sohail Inayatullah and Jennifer Gidley, presents some 20 highly varied outlooks on tomorrow’s universities by writers representing both Western and mon-Western perspectives. Their essays raise a broad range of issues, questioning nearly every key assumption we have ab out higher education today.The most widely discussed alternative to the traditional campus is the Internet Univ ersity –a voluntary community to scholars/teachers physically scattered throughout a country or around the world but all linked in cyberspace. A computerized universit y could have many advantages, such as easy scheduling, efficient delivery of lecture s to thousands or even millions of students at once, and ready access for students everywhe re to the resources of all the world’s great libraries.Yet the Internet University poses dangers, too. For example, a line of franchised co urseware, produced by a few superstar teachers, marketed under the brand name o f a famous institution, and heavily advertised, might eventually come to dominate th e global education market, warns sociology professor Peter Manicas of the University of Hawaii at Manoa. Besides enforcing a rigidly standardized curriculum, such a ―co llege education in a box‖ could undersel l the offerings of many traditional brick and mortar institutions, effectively driving then out of business and throwing thousands of career academics out of work, note Australian communications professors David Rooney and Greg Hearn.On the other hand, while global connectivity seems highly likely to play some signifi cant role in future higher education, that does not mean greater uniformity in cours e content –or other dangers –will necessarily follow. Counter-movements are also at work.Many in academia, including scholars contributing to this volume, are questioning th e fundamental mission of university education. What if, for instance, [color=#DC143 C]instead of receiving primarily technical training and building their individual careers, university students and professors could focus their learning and research efforts o n existing problems in their local communities and the world?[/color] Feminist schola r Ivana Milojevic dares to dream what a university might become ―if we believed th at child-care workers and teachers in early childhood education should be one of th e highest (rather than lowest) paid professionals?‖Co-editor Jennifer Gidley shows how tomorrow’s university faculty, instead of giving lectures and conducting independent research, may take on three new roles. Some would act as brokers, assembling customized degree-credit programmes for individua l students by mixing and matching the best course offerings available from institutio ns all around the world. A second group, mentors, would function much like today’s faculty advisers, but are likely to be working with many more students outside thei r own academic specialty. This would require them to constantly be learning from t heir students as well as instructing them.A third new role for faculty, and in Gidley’s view the most challenging and rewardin g of all, would be as meaning-makers: charismatic sages and practitioners leading groups of students/colleagues in collaborative efforts to find spiritual as well as ration al and technological solutions to specific real-world problems.Moreover, there seems little reason to suppose that any one form of university mus t necessarily drive out all other options. Students may be ―enrolled‖ in courses offer ed at virtual campuses on the Internet, between –or even during –sessions at a re al-world problem-focused institution.As co-editor Sohail Inayatullah points out in his introduction, no future is inevitable, and the very act of imagining and thinking through alternative possibilities can dire ctly affect how thoughtfully, creatively and urgently even a dominant technology is adapted and applied. Even in academia, the future belongs to those who care enou gh to work their visions into practical, sustainable realities.11. When the book reviewer discusses the Internet University,A. he is in favour ofB. his view is balanced.--------------------------------------------okC. he is slightly critical of it.D. he is strongly critical of it.12. Which of the following is NOT seen as a potential danger of the Internet Unive rsity?A. Internet-based courses may be less costly than traditional ones.---------------------o kB. Teachers in traditional institutions may lose their jobs.C. internet-based courseware may lack variety in course contentD. The Internet University may produce teachers with a lot of publicity.13. According to the review, what is the fundamental mission of traditional universit y education?A. Knowledge learning and career building.-------------------------------------okB. Learning how to solve existing social problems.C. Researching into solutions to current world problemsD. Combining research efforts of teachers and students in learning.14. Judging from the Three new roles envisioned for tomorrow's university faculty, university teachersA, are required to conduct more independent research.B. are required to offer more course to their students..C. are supposed to assume more demanding duties.---------------------------okD. are supposed to supervise more students in their specialty.15. Which category of writing does the review belong to?A. Narration.B. DescriptionC. persuasiOND. Exposition.=---------------------------------okTEXT BEvery street had a story, every building a memory, Those blessed with wonderful c hildhoods can drive the streets of their hometowns and happily roll back the years. The rest are pulled home by duty and leave as soon as possible. After Ray Atlee h ad been in Clanton (his hometown) for fifteen minutes he was anxious to get out. The town had changed, but then it hadn't. On the highways leading in, the cheap metal buildings and mobile homes were gathering as tightly as possible next to the roads for maximum visibility. This town had no zoning whatsoever. A landowner co uld build anything wiih no permit no inspect ion, no notice to adjoining landowners. nothing. Only hog farms and nuclear reactors required approvals and paperwork. Th e result was a slash-and-build clutter that got uglier by the year.But in the older sections, nearer the square, the town had not changed at all The l ong shaded streets were as clean and neat as when Kay roamed them on his bike. Most of the houses were still owned by people he knew, or if those folks had pas sed on the new owners kept the lawns clipped and the shutters painted. Only a fe w were being neglected. A handful had been abandoned.This deep in Bible country, it was still an unwritten rule in the town that little was done on Sundays except go to church, sit on porches, visit neighbours, rest and rel ax the way God intended.It was cloudy, quite cool for May, and as he toured his old turf, killing time until t he appointed hour for the family meeting, he tried to dwell on the good memories from Clanton. There was Dizzy Dean Park where he had played little League for the Pirates, and (here was the public pool he'd swum in every summer except 1969 w hen the city closed it rather than admit black children. There were the churches - Baptist, Methodist, and Presbyterian - facing each other at the intersection of Secon d and Elm like wary sentries, their steeples competing for height. They were empty now, hut in an hour or so the more faithful would gather for evening services. The square was as lifeless as the streets leading to it. With eight thousand people, Clanton was just large enough to have attracted the discount stores that had wipe d out so many small towns. But here the people had been faithful to their downto wn merchants, and there wasn’t s single empty or boarded-up building around the square –no small miracle. The retail shops were mixed in with the banks and law offices and cafes, all closed for the Sabbath.He inched through the cemetery and surveyed the Atlee section in the old part, where the tombstones were grander. Some of his ancestors had built monuments for t heir dead. Ray had always assumed that the family money he’d never seen must h ave been buried in those graves. He parked and walked to his mother’s grave, som ething he hadn’t done in years. She was buried among the Atlees, at the far edge of the family plot because she had barely belonged.Soon, in less than an hour, he would be sitting in his father’s study, sipping bad in stant tea and receiving instructions on exactly how his father would be laid to rest. Many orders were about to be give, many decrees and directions, because his fath er(who used to be a judge) was a great man and cared deeply about how he was to be remembered.Moving again, Ray passed the water tower he’d climbed twice, the second time wit h the police waiting below. He grimaced at his old high school, a place he’d never visited since he’d left it. Behind it was the football field where his brother Forrest h ad romped over opponents and almost became famous before getting bounced off t he team.It was twenty minutes before five, Sunday, May 7. Time for the family meeting.16. From the first paragraph, we get the impression thatA. Ray cherished his childhood memories.B. Ray had something urgent to take care of.C. Ray may not have a happy childhood.------------------------okD. Ray cannot remember his childhood days.17. Which of the following adjectives does NOT describe Ray’s hometown?A. Lifeless.B. Religious.C. Traditional.D. Quiet.------------------------------------ok18. Form the passage we can infer that the relationship between Ray and his paren ts wasA. close.B. remote.---------------------------okC. tense.D. impossible to tell.19. It can be inferred from the passage that Ray’s father was all EXCEPTA. considerate.----------------------------------okB. punctual.C. thrifty.D. dominant.TEXT CCampaigning on the Indian frontier is an experience by itself. Neither the landscape nor the people find their counterparts in any other portion of the globe. Valley wal ls rise steeply five or six thousand feet on every side. The columns crawl through a maze of giant corridors down which fierce snow-fed torrents foam under skies of b rass. Amid these scenes of savage brilliancy there dwells a race whose qualities see m to harmonize with their environment. Except at harvest-time, when self-preservation requires a temporary truce, the Pathan tribes are always engaged in private or public war. Every man is a warrior, a politician and a theologian. Every large house is a real feudal fortress made, it is true, only of sun-baked clay, but with battleme nts, turrets, loopholes, drawbridges, etc. complete. Every village has its defence. Ev ery family cultivates its vendetta; every clan, its feud. The numerous tribes and co mbinations of tribes all have their accounts to settle with one another. Nothing is e ver forgotten, and very few debts are left unpaid. For the purposes of social life, in addition to the convention about harvest-time, a most elaborate code of honour ha s been established and is on the whole faithfully observed. A man who knew it and observed it faultlessly might pass unarmed from one end of the frontier to another. The slightest technical slip would, however, be fatal. The life of the Pathan is thus full of interest; and his valleys, nourished alike by endless sunshine and abundant water, are fertile enough to yield with little labour the modest material requirements of a sparse population.Into this happy world the nineteenth century brought two new facts: the rifle and t he British Government. The first was an enormous luxury and blessing; the second, an unmitigated nuisance. The convenience of the rifle was nowhere more appreciat ed than in the Indian highlands. A weapon which would kill with accuracy at fifteen hundred yards opened a whole new vista of delights to every family or c lan which could acquire it. One could actually remain in one's own house and fire at one's n eighbour nearly a mile away. One could lie in wait on some high crag, and at hithe rto unheard-of ranges hit a horseman far below. Even villages could fire at each ot her without the trouble of going far from home. Fabulous prices were therefore offered for these glorious products of science. Rifle-thieves scoured all India to reinforce the efforts of the honest smuggler. A steady flow of the coveted weapons spread i ts genial influence throughout the frontier, and the respect which the Pathan tribes men entertained for Christian civilization was vastly enhanced.The action of the British Government on the other hand was entirely unsatisfactory. The great organizing, advancing, absorbing power to the southward seemed to be little better than a monstrous spoil-sport. If the Pathan made forays into the plains, not only were they driven back (which after all was no more than fair), but a wh ole series of subsequent interferences took place, followed at intervals by expedition s which toiled laboriously through the valleys, scolding the tribesmen and exacting fi nes for any damage which they had done. No one would have minded these expedi tions if they had simply come, had a fight and then gone away again. In many cas es this was their practice under what was called the "butcher and bolt policy" to w hich the Government of India long adhered. But towards the end of the nineteenth century these intruders began to make roads through many of the valleys, and in p articular the great road to Chitral. They sought to ensure the safety of these roads by threats, by forts and by subsidies. There was no objection to the last method so far as it went. But the whole of this tendency to road-making was regarded by th e Pathans with profound distaste. All along the road people were expected to keep quiet, not to shoot one another, and above all not to shoot at travellers along the road. It was too much to ask, and a whole series of quarrels took their origin from this source.20. The word debts in "very few debts are left unpaid" in the first paragraph mean sA．loans.B．accountsC．killings -----------OKD．bargains.21. Which of the following is NOT one of the geographical facts about the Indian fr ontier?A. Melting snows.B. Large population. -------------OKC. Steep hillsides.D. Fertile valleys.22. According to the passage, the Pathans welcomedA. the introduction of the rifle. -------------OKB. the spread of British rule.C. the extension of luxuriesD. the spread of trade.23. Building roads by the BritishA. put an end to a whole series of quarrels.B. prevented the Pathans from earning on feuds. -----------------okC. lessened the subsidies paid to the Pathans.D. gave the Pathans a much quieter life.24. A suitable title for the passage would beA. Campaigning on the Indian frontier. --------------OKB. Why the Pathans resented the British rule.C. The popularity of rifles among the Pathans.D. The Pathans at war.TEXT D"Museum" is a slippery word. It first meant (in Greek) anything consecrated to the Muses: a hill, a shrine, a garden, a festival or even a textbook. Both Plato's Acade my and Aristotle's Lyceum had a mouseion, a muses' shrine. Although the Greeks al ready collected detached works of art, many temples - notably that of Hera at Oly mpia (before which the Olympic flame is still lit) - had collections of objects, some of which were works of art by well-known masters, while paintings and sculptures i n the Alexandrian Museum were incidental to its main purpose.The Romans also collected and exhibited art from disbanded temples, as well as mi neral specimens, exotic plants, animals; and they plundered sculptures and paintings (mostly Greek) for exhibition. Meanwhile, the Greek word had slipped into Latin bytransliteration (though not to signify picture galleries, which were called pinacothec ae) and museum still more or less meant "Muses' shrine".The inspirational collections of precious and semi-precious objects were kept in large r churches and monasteries - which focused on the gold-enshrined, bejewelled relics of saints and martyrs. Princes, and later merchants, had similar collections, which became the deposits of natural curiosities: large lumps of amber or coral, irregular pearls, unicorn horns, ostrich eggs, fossil bones and so on. They also included coins and gems - often antique engraved ones - as well as, increasingly, paintings and s culptures. As they multiplied and expanded, to supplement them, the skill of the fak ers grew increasingly refined.25.The sentence "Museum is a slippery word" in the first paragraph means thatA. the meaning of the word didn't change until after the 15th century.B. the meaning of the word had changed over the years.C. the Greeks held different concepts from the Romans.D. princes and merchants added paintings to their collections.26.The idea that museum could mean a mountain or an object originates fromA. the Romans.B. Florence.C. Olympia.D. Greek.27. "... the skill of the fakers grew increasingly refined" in the third paragraph mea ns thatA. there was a great demand for fakers.B. fak ers grew rapidly in number.C. fakers became more skillful.D. fakers became more polite.28. Painting and sculptures on display in churches in the 15th century wereA. collected from elsewhere.B. made part of the buildings.C. donated by people.D. bought by churches.29. Modern museums came into existence in order toA. protect royal and church treasures.B. improve existing collections.C. stimulate public interest.D. raise more funds.30. Which is the main idea of the passage?A. Collection and collectors.B. The evolution of museums.C. Modern museums and their functions.D. The birth of museums.欢迎您进入本贴，本贴既有本人答案，还有众多同学结晶-------特此感谢!，为方便您查看此贴有上外同学，上海其他学校同学,吉大同学，湖南工业，大连外院同学,广西大学等给您提供最新参考答案,他们可能在其他论题,,,我把他们整理在一起,可能方便些.再一次感谢! 听力填空1. the author(writer) --------------------------OK2.some other works ----------------------------OK3.literary tradition(trends) -------------------------OK4.grammar ---------------------OK5.cultrual codes----------------OK6.cultural --------------------------OK7.the reader ------------OK8.social ---------------------OK9. reader competency ---------------OK10. cultural ,class,political-,social structure-------------答案不同了按oK算听力填空1. the author(writer) --------------------------OK2.some other works ----------------------------OK3.literary tradition(trends) -------------------------OK4.grammar ---------------------OK5.cultrual codes----------------OK6.cultural --------------------------OK7.the reader ------------OK8.social ---------------------OK9. reader competency ---------------OK10. cultural ,class,political-,social structure等------------OKPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION(35MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You. will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When t he lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blan k sheet for note-taking.SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answ er the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your colo ured answer sheet.Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will b e given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.1. Which of the following statements is TRUE about Miss Green’s university days?A. She felt bored.B. She felt lonely.C. She cherished them.D. The subject was easy.2. Which of the following is NOT part of her job with the Department of Employme nt?A. Doing surveys at workplace.B. Analyzing survey results.C. Designing questionnaires.D. Taking a psychology course.3. According to Miss Green, the main difference between the Department of Employ ment and the advertising agency lies inA. the nature of work.B. office decoration.C. office location.D. work procedures.4. Why did Miss green want to leave the advertising agency?A. She felt unhappy inside the company.B. She felt work there too demanding.C. She was denied promotion in the company.D. She longed for new opportunities.5. How did Miss Green react to a heavier workload in the new job?A. She was willing and ready.B. She sounded mildly eager.C. She a bit surprised.D. She sounded very reluctant.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answ er the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your colo ured answer sheet.Questions 6 and 7 based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions.Now listen to the news.6. The man stole the aircraft mainly because he wanted toA. destroy the European Central Bank.B. have an interview with a TV station.C. circle skyscrapers in downtown Frankfurt.D. remember the death of a US astronaut.7. Which of the following statements about the man is TRUE?A. He was a 31-year-old student from Frankfurt.B. He was piloting a two-seat helicopter he had stolen.C. He had talked to air traffic controllers by radio.D. He threatened to land on the European Central Bank.Question 8 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.8. The news is mainly about the city government’s plan toA. expand and improve the existing subway system.B. build underground malls and parking lots.C. prevent further land subsidence.D. promote advanced technology.Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions.Now listen to the news.9. According to the news, what makes this credit card different from conventional o nes isA. that it can hear the owner’s voice.B. that it can remember a password.C. that it can identify the owner’s voice.D. that it can remember the owner’s PIN.10. The newly developed credit card is said to said to have all the following EXCEP TA. switch.B. battery.C. speaker.。

2006_专八真题_附带答案解析

2006年英语专业八级考试真题及答案PART II READING COMPREHENSION(30MIN)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a totalof20multiple-choice questions.Read the passages and then mark your answerson yourcoloured answer sheet.Text AThe University in Transformation,edited by Australian futuristsSohailInayatullah and Jennifer Gidley,presents some20highly variedoutlooks ontomorrow’s universities by writers representing both Western andnon-Westernperspectives.Their essays raise a broad range of issues,questioningnearly everykey assumption we have about higher education today.The most widely discussed alternative to the traditional campusis theInternet University―a voluntary community to scholars/teachersphysicallyscattered throughout a country or around the world but all linked incyberspace.A computerized university could have many advantages,suchas easyscheduling,efficient delivery oflectures to thousands or evenmillions ofYet the Internet University poses dangers,too.For example,a lineoffranchised courseware,produced by a few superstar teachers,marketedunder thebrand name of a famous institution,and heavily advertised,might340eventually cometo dominate the global education market,warns sociology professorPeter Manicasof the University of Hawaii atManoa.Besides enforcing a rigidly standardizedcurriculum,such a“college education in a box”could undersell theofferings ofmany traditional brick and mortar institutions,effectively drivingthem out ofbusiness and throwing thousands of career academics out of work,noteAustraliancommunications professors David Rooney and Greg Hearn.On the other hand,while global connectivity seems highly likely to play somesignificant role in future higher education,that does not mean greater uniformity in course content―or other dangers―will necessarilyfollow.Counter-movements are also at work.Many in academia,including scholars contributing to thisvolume,arequestioning the fundamental mission ofbuilding theirindividual careers,university students and professors could focustheir learningand research efforts on existing problems in their local communitiesand theworld?Feminist scholar Ivana Milojevic dares to dream what auniversity mightbecome“if we believed that childcare workers and teachers in earlychildhoodeducation should be one of the highest (rather than lowest)paid professionals?”Co-editor Jennifer Gidley shows how tomorrows universityfaculty,instead ofgiving lectures and conducting independent research,may take on three newroles.Some would act asbrokers,assembling customizeddegree-creditprogrammes341for individual students by mixing and matching the best courseofferingsavailable from institutions all around the world.A secondgroup,mentors,wouldfunction much like today’s faculty advisers,but are likely to beworking withmany more students outside their own academic specialty.This wouldrequire themto constantly be learning from theirchallenging andrewarding of all,would be asmeaning-makers:charismatic sages and practitionersleading groups of students/colleagues in collaborative efforts to findspiritualas well as rational and technological solutions to specific real-world problems.Moreover,there seems little reason to suppose that any one formofuniversity must necessarily drive out all other options.Students maybe“enrolled”in courses offered at virtual campuses on theInternet,between―oreven during―sessions at a real world problem focused institution.As co-editor Sohail Inayatullah points out in his introduction,nofuture isinevitable,and the very act of imagining and thinking throughalternativepossibilities can directly affect how thoughtfully,creatively andurgently evena dominant technology is adapted and applied.Even in academia,thefuture belongsto those who care enough to work their visions intopractical,sustainablerealities.11.When the book reviewer discusses the Internet University,[A]he is in favour of it.[B]his view is balanced.a potential danger of theInternetUniversity?[A]Internetbased courses may be less costly than traditional ones.[B]Teachers in traditional institutions may lose their jobs.[C]Internetbased courseware may lack variety in course content.[D]The Internet University may produce teachers with a lot ofpublicity.13.According to the review,what is the fundamental mission oftraditionaluniversity education?[A]Knowledge learning and career building.[B]Learning how to solve existing social problems.[C]Researching into solutions to current world problems.[D]Combining research efforts of teachers and students in learning.14.Judging from the three new roles envisioned for tomorrowsuniversityfaculty,university teachers[A]are required to conduct more independent research.[B]are required to offer more courses to their students.[C]are supposed to assume more demanding duties.[D]are supposed to supervise more students in their specialty.15.Which category of writing does the review belong to?[A]Narration.[B]Description.a memory.Those blessedwithwonderful childhoods can drive the streets of their hometowns andhappily roll343back the years.The rest are pulled home by duty and leave as soon aspossible.After Ray Atlee had been in Clanton(his hometown)for fifteen minuteshe wasanxious to get out.The town had changed,but then it hadn’t.On the highways leadingin,the cheapmetal buildings and mobile homes were gathering as tightly as possiblenext tothe roads for maximum visibility.This town had no zoning whatsoever.A landownercould build anything with no permit,no inspection,no notice toadjoininglandowners,nothing.Only hog farms and nuclear reactors requiredapprovals andpaperwork.The result was aslash-and-build clutter that got uglier bythe year.But in the older sections,nearer the square,the town had not changedat all.Thelong shaded streets were as clean and neat as when Ray roamed them onhisbike.Most of the houses were still owned by people he knew,or if thosefew were being neglected.A handful had been abandoned.This deep in Bible country,it was still an unwritten rule in thetown thatlittle was done on Sundays except go to church,sit on porches,visitneighbours,rest and relax the way God intended.It was cloudy,quite cool for May,and as he toured his oldturf,killing timeuntil the appointed hour for the family meeting,he tried to dwell onthe goodmemories from Clanton.There was Dizzy Dean Park where he had playedLittleLeague for the Pirates,and there was the public pool he’d swum in everysummerexcept1969when the city closed it rather than admit black344children.There werethe churches―Baptist,Methodist,and Presbyterian―facing each otherat theintersection of Second and Elm like wary sentries,their steeplescompeting forheight.They were empty now,but in an hour or so the more faithful wouldgatherfor evening services.The square was as lifeless as the streets leading to it.With eightthousandpeople,Clanton was just large enough to have attracted the discountdowntown merchants,and there wasn’t a single empty or boarded-upbuilding aroundthe square―no small miracle.The retail shops were mixed in with thebanks andlaw offices and cafes,all closed for the Sabbath.He inched through the cemetery and surveyed the Atlee section inthe oldpart,where the tombstones were grander.Some of his ancestors had built monuments for their dead.Ray had always assumed that the family moneyhe’d neverseen must have been buried in those graves.He parked and walked to his mother’sgrave,something he hadn’t done in years.She was buried among theAtlees,at thefar edge of the family plot because she had barely belonged.Soon,in less than an hour,he would be sitting in his father’sstudy,sippingbad instant tea and receiving instructions on exactly how his father would belaid to rest.Many orders were about to be given,many decrees anddirections,because his father(who used to be a judge)was a great manand careddeeply about how he was to be remembered. Moving again,Ray passed the water tower he’d climbed twice,thesecond time345it was the football field wherehisbrother Forrest had romped over opponents and almost became famousbeforegetting bounced off the team.It was twenty minutes before five,Sunday, May7.Time for the familymeeting.16.From the first paragraph,we get the impression that[A]Ray cherished his childhood memories.[B]Ray had something urgent to take care of.[C]Ray may not have a happy childhood.[D]Ray cannot remember his childhood days.17.Which of the following adjectives does NOT describe Ray’shometown?[A]Lifeless.[B]Religious.[C]Traditional.[D]Quiet.18.From the passage we can infer that the relationship between Rayand hisparents was[A]close.[B]remote.[C]tense.[D]impossible to tell.19.It can be inferred from the passage that Ray’s father was all EXCEPT[A]considerate.[B]punctual.[C]thrifty.[D]dominant.Text CCampaigning on the Indian frontier is ancounterparts in any other portionof theglobe.Valley walls rise steeply five or six thousand feet on everyside.Thecolumns crawl through a maze of giant corridors down which fiercesnow-fedtorrents foam under skies of brass.Amid these scenes of savagebrilliancy theredwells a race whose qualities seem to harmonize with theirenvironment.Except atharvesttime,when self-preservation requires a temporary truce,thePathan tribesare always engaged in private or public war.Every man is a warrior,apoliticianand a theologian.Every large house is a real feudal fortress made,itistrue,only of sun-baked clay,but with battlements,turrets,loopholes,drawbrid ges,plete.Everyvillage has itsdefence.Every family cultivates its vendetta;every clan,its feud.The numeroustribes and combinations of tribes all have their accounts to settlewith oneanother.Nothing is ever forgotten,and very few debts are leftunpaid.For thepurposes of social life,in addition to the convention aboutharvest-time,a mostelaborate code of honour has beenunarmed fromone end of the frontier to another.The slightest technical slipwould,however,befatal.The life of the Pathan is thus full of interest;and hisvalleys,nourishedalike by endless sunshine and abundant water,are fertile enough toyield withlittle labour the modest material requirements of a sparse population. Into347this happy world the nineteenth century brought two new facts:the rifleand theBritish Government.The first was an enormous luxury and blessing;the second,anunmitigated nuisance.The convenience of the rifle was nowhere moreappreciatedthan in the Indian highlands.A weapon which would kill with accuracyat fifteenhundred yards opened a whole new vista of delights to every family orclan whichcould acquire it.One could actually remain in one’s own house and fireat one’sneighbour nearly a mile away.One could lie in wait on some high crag,andathitherto unheard of ranges hit a horseman far below.Even villages couldfire ateach other without the trouble of going far from home.Fabulous pricesall India to reinforce the efforts of the honest smuggler.A steady flowof thecoveted weapons spread its genial influence throughout thefrontier,and therespect which the Pathan tribesmen entertained for Christiancivilization wasvastly enhanced.The action of the British Government on the otherhand wasentirely unsatisfactory.The great organizing,advancing,absorbingpower to thesouthward seemed to be little better than a monstrous spoil-sport.Ifthe Pathanmade forays into the plains,not only were they driven back(which afterall wasno more than fair),but a whole series of subsequent interferences tookplace,followed at intervals by expeditions which toiled laboriously through thevalleys,scolding the tribesmen and exacting fines for any damage whichthey had348done.No one would have minded these expeditions if they had simplycome,had afight and then gone away again.In many cases this was their practiceunder whatwas called the“butcher and bolt policy”to which the Government ofIndia longadhered.But towards the end of thetoChitral.They sought to ensure the safety of these roads by threats,byforts andby subsidies.There was no objection to the last method so far as itwent.But thewhole of this tendency to road-making was regarded by the Pathans withprofounddistaste.All along the road people were expected to keep quiet,not toshoot oneanother,and above all not to shoot at travellers along the road.It wastoo muchto ask,and a whole series of quarrels took their origin from thissource.20.The word debts in“very few debts are left unpaid”in the firstparagraphmeans[A]loans.[B]accounts.[C]killings.[D]bargains.21.Which of the following is NOT one of the geographical facts aboutthe Indianfrontier?[A]Melting snows.[B]Large population.[C]Steep hillsides.[D]Fertile valleys.22.According to the passage,the Pathans welcomed[A]theintroduction of therifle.[B]the spread of British rule.[C]the extension of luxuries.[D]the spread of trade.23.Buildingthe Pathans from carryingon feuds.[C]lessened the subsidies paid to the Pathans.[D]gave the Pathansa muchquieter life.24.A suitable title for the passage would be[A]Campaigning on theIndianFrontier.[B]Why the Pathans Resented the British Rule.[C]ThePopularity ofRifles among the Pathans.[D]The Pathans at War.Text D“Museum”is a slippery word.It first meant (in Greek)anythingconsecratedto the Muses:a hill,a shrine,a garden,a festival or even atextbook.Both PlatosAcademy and Aristotles Lyceum had a mouseion,a muses shrine.Althoughthe Greeksalready collected detached works of art,many temples―notably that ofHera atOlympia(before which the Olympic flame is still lit)―had collectionsofobjects,some of which were works of art by wellknown masters,whilepaintings andsculptures in the Alexandrian Museum were incidental to its mainpurpose.The Romans also collected and exhibited art from disbandedtemples,as wellas mineral specimens,exoticslippedinto Latin by transliteration(though not to signify picturegalleries,whichwere called pinacothecae)and museum still more or less meant“Musesshrine”. The inspirational collections of precious and semi-precious350objects werekept in larger churches and monasteries―which focused on thegold-enshrined,bejewelled relics of saints and martyrs.Princes,andlatermerchants,had similar collections,which became the deposits of natural curiosities:large lumps of amber or coral,irregular pearls,unicornhorns,ostricheggs,fossil bones and so on.They also included coins and gems―oftenantiqueengraved ones―as wellas,increasingly,paintings and sculptures.Astheymultiplied and expanded,to supplement them,the skill of the fakers grew increasingly refined.At the same time,visitors could admire the very grandest paintingsandsculptures in the churches,palaces and castles;they werenot“collected”either,but“site-specific ”,and were considered anintegral partboth of the fabric of the buildings and of the way of life which wentantiquity in the fifteenthcentury,fragments of antique sculpture weregivenhigher status than the work of any contemporary,so that displays of antiquitieswould inspire artists to imitation,or even better,to emulation;andso could beconsidered Muses-shrines in the former sense.The Medici garden nearSan Marcoin Florence,the Belvedere and the Capitol in Rome were the most famousof suchearly“inspirational”collections.Soon theymultiplied,and,gradually,exemplary “modern”works were also added to such galleries.In the seventeenth century,scientific and prestige collectingbecame sowidespread that three or four collectors independently publisheddirectories to351museums all over the known world.But it was the age of revolutions andindustrywhich produced the next sharp shift in the way the institution wasperceived:thefury against royal and church monuments prompted antiquarians toshelter them inasylum-galleries,of which the Musee des Monuments Francais was the most famous.Then,in the first half of theGallery andthe British Museum,the Louvre was organized,the Museum-Insel was beguninBerlin,and the Munich galleries were built.In Vienna,the huge Kunsthistorischesand Naturhistorisches Museums took over much of the imperialtreasure.Meanwhile,the decline of craftsmanship(and of public tastewith it)inspired the creation of“improving”collections.The Victoria and Albert Museumin London was the most famous,as well as perhaps the largest of them.25.The sentence“Museum is a slippery word”in the first paragraphmeans that[A]the meaning of the word didn’t change until after the15thcentury.[B]the meaning of the word had changed over the years.[C]the Greeks held different concepts from the Romans.[D]princes and merchants added paintings to their collections.26.The idea that museum could mean a mountain or an object originatesfrom[A]the Romans.[B]Florence.[C]Olympia.[D]Greek.27.“...the skill of the fakers grew increasingly refined”in thethird352[D]fakers became more polite.28.Paintings and sculptures on display in churches in the15th centurywere[A]collected from elsewhere.[B]made part of the buildings.[C]donated by people.[D]bought by churches.29.Modern museums came into existence in order to[A]protect royal and church treasures.[B]improve existing collections.[C]stimulate public interest.[D]raise more funds.30.Which is the main idea of the passage?[A]Collection and collectors.[B]The evolution of museums.[C]Modern museums and their functions.[D]The birth of museumsText A短文大意本文主要介绍了澳大利亚未来预测家Sohail Inayatullah和JenniferGidley共同编撰的《转型中的大学》一书的主要内容。

2006年英语专业八级考试真题及答案-中大网校

2006年英语专业八级考试真题及答案总分：100分及格：60分考试时间：190分PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN) SECTION A MINI-LECTURE(1)<A href="javascript:;"></A><Ahref="javascript:;"></A>(2)根据材料，请在（2）处填上最佳答案。

(3)根据材料，请在（3）处填上最佳答案。

(4)根据材料，请在（4）处填上最佳答案。

(5)根据材料，请在（5）处填上最佳答案。

(6)根据材料，请在（6）处填上最佳答案。

(7)根据材料，请在（7）处填上最佳答案。

(8)根据材料，请在（8）处填上最佳答案。

(9)根据材料，请在（9）处填上最佳答案。

(10)根据材料，请在（10）处填上最佳答案。

SECTION B INTERVIEW & SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST(1)<Ahref="javascript:;"></A>(2)Which of the following is NOT part of her job with the Department of Employment?A. Doing surveys at workplacB. Analyzing survey resultC. Designing questionnaireD. Taking a psychology cours(3)According to Miss Green，the main difference between the Department of Employment and the advertising agency lies inA. the nature of worB. office decoratioC. office locatioD. work procedure(4)Why did Miss Green want to leave the advertising agency?A. She felt unhappy inside the companB. She felt work there too demandinC. She was denied promotion in the companD. She longed for new opportunitie(5)How did Miss Green react to a heavier workload in the new job?A. She was willing and readB. She sounded mildly eageC. She was a bit surpriseD. She sounded very reluctan(6)<A href="javascript:;"></A><Ahref="javascript:;"></A>(7)Which of the following statements about the man is TRUE?A. He was a 31－year－old student from FrankfurB. He was piloting a two－seat helicopter he had stoleC. He had talked to air traffic controllers by radiD. He threatened to land on the European Central Ban(8)<Ahref="javascript:;"></A>(9)According to the news，what makes this credit card different from conventional ones isA. that it can hear the owner’s voicB. that it can remember a passworC. that it can identify the owner’s voicD. that it can remember the owner's PI(10)The newly developed credit card is said to have all the following EXCEPTA. switcB. batterC. speakeD. built－in chiPART ⅡREADING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)(1)<Ahref="javascript:;"></A>(2)Which of the following is NOT seen as a potential danger of the Internet University?A. Internet based courses may be less costly than traditional oneB. Teachers in traditional institutions may lose their jobC. Internet-based courseware may lack variety in course contenD. The Internet University may produce teachers with a lot of publicit(3)According to the review，what is the fundamental mission of traditional university education?A. Knowledge learning and career buildinB. Learning how to solve existing social problemC. Researching into solutions to current world problemD. Combining research efforts of teachers and students in learnin(4)Judging from the three new roles envisioned for tomorrow’s university faculty，university teachersA. are required to conduct more independent researcB. are required to offer more courses to their studentC. are supposed to assume more demanding dutieD. are supposed to supervise more students in their specialt(5)Which category of writing does the review belong to?A. NarratioB. DescriptioC. PersuasioD. Expositio(6)<Ahref="javascript:;"></A><Ahref="javascript:;"></A>(7)Which of the following adjectives does NOT describe Ray’s hometown?A. LifelesB. ReligiouC. TraditionaD. Quie(8)From the passage we can infer that the relationship between Ray and his parents wasA. closeB. remotC. tensD. impossible to tel(9)It can be inferred from the passage that Ray’s father was all EXCEPTA. consideratB. punctuaC. thriftD. dominan(10)<Ahref="javascript:;"></A><Ahref="javascript:;"></A>(11)Which of the following is NOT one of the geographical facts about the Indian frontier?A. Melting snowB. Large populatioC. Steep hillsideD. Fertile valley(12)According to the passage，the Pathans welcomedA. the introduction of the riflB. the spread of British rulC. the extension of luxurieD. the spread of trad(13)Building roads by the BritishA. put an end to a whole series of quarrelB. prevented the Pathans from carrying on feudC. lessened the subsidies paid to the PathanD. gave the Pathans a much quieter lif(14)A suitable title for the passage would beA. Campaigning on the Indian frontieB. Why the Pathans resented the British rulC. The popularity of rifles among the PathanD. The Pathans at wa(15)<Ahref="javascript:;"></A>The sentence “Museum is a slippery word” in the first paragraph means thatA. the meaning of the word didn’t change until after the l5th centurB. the meaning of the word had changed over the yearC. the Greeks held different concepts from the RomanD. princes and merchants added paintings to their collection(16)The idea that museum could mean a mountain or an object originates fromA. the RomanB. FlorencC. OlympiD. Gree(17)“．．．the skill of the fakers grew increasingly refined”in the third paragraph means thatA. there was a great demand for fakerB. fakers grew rapidly in numbeC. fakers became more skillfuD. fakers became more polit(18)Painting and sculptures on display in churches in the l5th century wereA. collected from elsewherB. made part of the buildingC. donated by peoplD. bought by churche(19)Modern museums came into existence in order toA. protect royal and church treasureB. improve existing collectionC. stimulate public interesD. raise more fund(20)Which is the main idea of the passage?A. Collection and collectorB. The evolution of museumC. Modern museums and their functionD. The birth of museumPART ⅢGENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)(1)<Ahref="javascript:;"></A>(2)The capital of New Zealand isA. ChristchurcB. AucklanC. WellingtoD. Hamilto(3)Who were the natives of Australia before the arrival of the British settlers?A. The AborigineB. The MaorC. The IndianD. The Eskimo(4)The Prime Minister in Britain is head ofA. the Shadow CabineB. the ParliamenC. the OppositioD. the Cabine(5)Which of the following writers is a poet of the 20th century?A. ElioB. LawrencC. Theodore DreiseD. James Joyc(6)The novel For Whom the Bell Tolls is written byA. Scott FitzgeralB. William FaulkneC. Eugene O’NeilD. Ernest Hemingwa(7)__________is defined as an expression of human emotion which is condensed into fourteen lines.A. Free verseB. SonnetC. OdeD. Epigram(8)What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is the notion ofA. referencB. meaninC. antonymD. contex(9)The words “kid，child，off spring”are examples ofA. dialectal synonymB. stylistic synonymC. emotive synonymD. collocational synonym(10)The distinction between parole and langue was made byA. HallidaB. ChomskC. BloomfielD. SaussurPART ⅣPROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15MIN)(1)<Ahref="javascript:;"></ A><Ahref="javascript:;"></A>(2)根据材料，请在（2）处填上最佳答案。

2006年9月中级口译真题及答案

2006年9月中级口译真题及答案2006年9月中级口译真题+参考答案1Part A: Spot DictationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.British people are far more sophisticated about beverages than they were 50 years ago. Witness the Starbucks revolution and you'll know where ___________ （1）goes. However, spurred on by recent studies suggesting that it can cut the risk of ___________ （2）and retard the aging process, tea is enjoying a ___________ （3）.Although tea is available in more places than ever, it remains to be _____________ （4）of a typical British family.If you are invited to an English home, _____________ （5）in the morning you get a cup of tea. It is either brought in by a heartily _____________ （6）or an almost malevolently silent maid. When you are _____________ （7）in your sweetest morning sleep you must not say: 'Go away, you _____________ （8）.' On the contrary, you have to declare with your best five o'clock smile: 'Thank you very much. I _____________ （9）a cup of tea, especially in the morning.' If they leave you alone with the liquid you may pour it _____________ （10）!Then you have ___________ （11）; then you have tea at 11 o'clock in the morning;_____________ （12）; then you have tea for tea; then after supper; and again at eleven o'clock _____________ （13）.You must not refuse any additional cups of tea under the _____________ （14）: if it is hot; if it is cold; if you are _____________ （15）; if you are nervous; if you are watching TV;（B）I'll think more about the agreement before making a decision.（C）It's obvious that I'll discuss the agreement with my assistant first.（D）It's out of question that I should get into any agreement with you.4. （A）The better members decided to cancel the meeting.（B）Less than half of the committee was away on business trips.（C）It'd be better if no one had attended this morning's committee meeting……（D）The meeting was cancelled because of low attendance.5. （A）Supermarkets in the inner city and the suburbs are usually owned by the same company.（B）Products in grocery stores are more expensive than those in supermarkets.（C）There is a price difference for the same product even in shops run by the same company.（D）People prefer to shop in supermarkets, which are mostly located in the suburbs, with free parking space.6. （A）Many Americans cannot afford higher education because of the soaring college tuition fees and expenses.（B）Sending their children to college is no longer a bigger challenge for millions of Americans.（C）The American government has set the goal that it will eventually stop funding higher education institutions.（D）Nowadays, American parents have to pay more to send their children to college.7. （A）For many university graduates, the jobs they take will not be related to their academic achievements.（B）Because of economic recession, the number of university students majoring in liberal arts is declining.（C）University students who are interested in liberal arts will have more job opportunities upon graduation.（D）With high unemployment rate, many university students will have to opt for transferring to other majors.8. （A）Good business negotiators will never repeat what other people have already restated.（B）Restating by good business negotiators is not an effective way to check the information.（C）Good business negotiators are sometimes curious about other people's restatements.（D）Restating what others have said is a good strategy for confirming understanding.9. （A）We cannot reach an agreement, let alone a spoken promise.（B）We'd better draft and then sign a written agreement.（C）We generally keep our promises in business transactions.（D）We hope you understand why we are unable to keep our promises.10. （A）I don't think you have more to say on that topic.（B）I think we'd better talk about that in detail sometime later.（C）I am truly appreciative if you can elaborate on that topic after lunch.（D）I am busy right now, so we might as well discuss it over lunch today.2. Talks and ConversationsDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations After each of these, you will hear a few questions. Listen carefully because you will hear the talk or conversation and questions ONLY ONCE. When you hear a question, read the four choices and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 11-1411. （A）Two （B）Three （C）Four （D）Five12. （A） A profit-making private school.（B） A non-profit-making independent school.（C） A state school that is funded by non-governmental sources.（D） A secondary school that is open to the majority of British students.13. （A）Many children are no longer placed in schools according to their academic abilities.（B）Many children can afford to study in private schools, as they become part of the state system.（C）Children from wealthy families no longer choose to go and study in public schools.（D）Cleverer children will be sent to the best private schools in the country for a better development.14. （A）Clever and less bright children will mix well with each other.（B）School authorities will receive more funds from the government.（C）Most students will do well in their entrance examination for the higher education.（D）Every child will have an equal opportunity to go on to higher education.Questions 15-1815. （A）One that is unabridged with detailed definitions.（B）One that contains fewer words and emphasizes on special words.（C）One that contains a broad range of words in common usage.（D）One that spans several volumes and has extensive word histories16. （A）The New Oxford Picture Dictionary（B）The American Heritage Dictionary（C）The Dictionary of Legal Terms（D）The Drinking Water Dictionary17. （A）It lists abbreviations, proper nouns, and tables of measures.（B）It is an unabridged edition providing as many as 500,000 entries.（C）It was randomly compiled and contains as many foreign words as possible.（D）It provides detailed information of famous people and places.18. （A） A school dictionary. （B） A college dictionary.（C） A general dictionary. （D） A specialized dictionary.Questions 19-2219. （A）He's bought his wife a present. （B）He's missed an important phone call. （C）He's dismissed his new secretary. （D）He's popped out shopping.20. （A）Talking about the latest fashion.（B）Offering special reductions.（C）Giving bigger discounts to female customers.（D）Pressing on the customer to make a decision.21. （A）Upside down and inside out. （B）Inside out and back to front.（C）With its sleeves as trouser legs. （D）With its pattern upside down.22. （A） A V-necked pullover with short sleeves.（B） A high-necked pullover with long sleeves.（C） A white pullover with a pattern.（D） A blue pullover with a high neck.Questions 23-2623. （A）That of a creator. （B）That of a re-creator.（C）That of a receiver. （D）That of a performer.24. （A）Because we need to concentrate for our quiet thought.（B）Because we want to give full attention to the driving.（C）Because we try to avoid being caught by the patrolling police. （D）Because we intend to be as casual as possible in the driving. 25. （A）In the elevator. （B）In the car.（C）In the bathroom. （D）In the church.26. （A）By perceptive and analytical listening.（B）By taking a sonic bath.（C）By attending classical concerts.（D）By listening to an emotional piece of music.Questions 27-3027. （A）His grandfather's house. （B）His parents' remarks.（C） A magazine. （D） A coursebook.28. （A）Enjoying visiting zoos. （B）Driving a car.（C）Making money. （D）Taking kids to a museum.29. （A）It died a few years ago. （B）It killed several tourists. （C）It is only a legend. （D）It is a living dinosaur.30. （A）No one has provided an accurate des cription of the animal. （B）No dead bodies of the animal have ever been found.（C）There are only 500 species living in Loch Ness.（D）The lake is not deep enough for such a huge animal.Part C: Listening and Translation1. Sentence TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 sentences in English. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.（1）（2）（3）（4）（5）2. Passage TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening.（1）（2）SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS （45 minutes）Directions: In this section, you will read several passages. Each passage is followed by several questions based on its content. You are to choose ONE best answer, （A）, （B）, （C）or （D）, to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1-5The purpose of the American court system is to protect the rights of the people. According to American law, if someone is accused of a crime, he or she is considered innocent until the court proves that the person is guilty. In other words, it is the responsibility of the court to prove that a person is guilty. It is not the responsibility of the person to prove that he or she is innocent.In order to arrest a person, the police have to be reasonably sure that a crime has been committed. The police must give the suspect the reasons why they are arresting him and tell him his rights under the law. Then the police take the suspect to the police station to "book" him. "Booking means that the name of the person and the charges against him are formally listed at the police station.The next step is for the suspect to go before a judge. The judge decides whether the suspect should be kept in jail or released. If the suspect has no previous criminal record and the judge feels that he will return to court rather than run away-for example, because he owns a house and has a family-he can go free. Otherwise, the suspect must put up bail. At this time, too, the judge will appoint a court layer to defend the suspect if he can't afford one.The suspect returns to court a week or two later. A lawyer from the district attorney's office presents a case against the suspect. This is called a hearing. The attorney may present evidence as well as witnesses. The judge at the hearing then decides whether there is enough reason to hold a trial. If the judge decides that there is sufficient evidence to call for a trial, he or she sets a date for the suspect to appear in court to formally plead guilty or not guilty.At the trial, a jury of 12 people listens to the evidence from both attorneys and hears the testimony of the witnesses. Then the jury goes into a private room to consider the evidence and decide whether the defendant is guilty of the crime. If the jury decides that the defendant is innocent, he goes free. However, if he is convicted, the judge sets a date for the defendant to appear in court again for sentencing. At this time, the judge tells the convicted person what his punishment will be. The judge may sentence him to prison, order him to pay a fine, or place him on probation.The American justice system is very complex and sometimes operates slowly. However, every step is designed to protect the rights of the people. These individual rights are the basis, or foundation, of the American government.1. What is the main idea of the passage?（A）The American court system requires that a suspect prove that he or she is innocent.（B）The US court system is designed to protect the rights of the people.（C）Under the American court system, judge decides if a suspect is innocent or guilty.（D）The US court system is designed to help the police present a case against the suspect.2. What follows 'in other words' （para.1）?（A）An example of the previous sentence.（B） A new idea about the court system.（C）An item of evidence to call for a trial.（D） A restatement of the previous sentence.3. According to the passage, 'he can go free' （para.3）means _________.（A）the suspect is free to choose a lawyer to defend him（B）the suspect does not have to go to trial because the judge has decided he is innocent（C）the suspect will be informed by mail whether he is innocent or not（D）the suspect does not have to wait in jail or pay money until he goes to trial4. What is the purpose of having the suspect pay bail?（A）To pay for the judge and the trial.（B）To pay for a court lawyer to defend the suspect.（C）To ensure that the suspect will return to court.（D）To ensure that the suspect will appear in prison.5. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?（A）The American justice system sometimes operates slowly.（B）The police can arrest a suspect without giving any reasons.（C）It is the responsibility of the suspect to prove he is innocent.（D）The jury considers the evidence in the court room.Questions 6-10So you've got an invention-you and around 39,000 others each year, according to 2002 statistics!The 64,000-dollar question, if you have come up with a device which you believe to be the answer to the energy crisis or you've invented a lawnmower which cuts grass with a jetof water （not so daft, someone has invented one）, is how to ensure you're the one to reap the rewards of your ingenuity. How will all you garden shed boffins out there keep others from capitalizing on your ideas and lining their pockets at your expense?One of the first steps to protect your interest is to patent your invention. That can keep it out of the grasp of the pirates for at least the next 20 years. And for this reason inventors in their droves beat a constant trail from all over the country to the doors of an anonymous grey-fronted building just behind London's Holborn to try and patent their devices.The building houses the Patent Office. It's an ant heap of corridors, offices and filing rooms-a sorting house and storage depot for one of the world's biggest and most varied collections of technical data. Some ten million patents-English and foreign-are listed there.File after file, catalogue after catalogue detail the brain-children of inventors down the centuries, from a 1600's machine gun designed to fire square bullets at infidels and round ones at Christians, to present-day laser, nuclear and computer technology.The first 'letters patent' were granted as long ago as 1449 to a Flemish craftsman by the name of John Utynam. The letters, written in Latin, are still on file at the office. They were granted by King Henry VI and entitled Utynam to 'import into this country' his knowledge of making stained glass windows in order to install such windows at Eton College.Present-day patents procedure is a more sophisticated affair than getting a go-ahead note from the monarch. These days the strict procedures governing whether you get a patent for your revolutionary mouse-trap or solar-powered back-scratcher have been reduced to a pretty exact science.From start to finish it will take around two and a half years and cost ￡165 for the inventor to gain patent protection for his brainchild. That's if he's lucky. By no means all who apply to the Patent Office, which is a branch of the Department of Trade, get a patent.A key man at the Patent Office is Bernard Partridge, Principal Examiner （Administration）, who boils down to one word the vital ingredient any inventor needs before he can hope to overcome the many hurdles in the complex procedure of obtaining a patent-'ingenuity'.6. People take out a patent because they want to __________.（A）keep their ideas from being stolen（B）reap the rewards of somebody else's ingenuity（C）visit the patent office building（D）come up with more new devices7. The phrase 'the brain-children of inventors' （para.5）means _________.（A）the children with high intelligence（B）the inventions that people come up with（C） a device that a child believes to be the answer to the energy crisis（D） a lawnmower that an individual has invented to cut grass8. What have the 1600's machine gun and the present-day laser in common?（A）Both were approved by the monarch.（B）Both were granted by King Henry VI.（C）Both were rejected by the Department of Trade.（D）Both were patented.9. Why is John Utynam still remembered?（A）He is the first person to get a patent for his revolutionary mouse-trap.（B）He is the first person to be granted an official patent.（C）He is the first person to be an officer in the Patent Office.（D）He is the first person to have invented a lawnmower.10. According to the passage, how would you describe the complex procedure of obtaining a patent for an invention?（A）It is rather expensive.（B）It is an impossible task.（C）It is extremely difficult.（D）It is very tricky.Questions 11-15All living cells on earth require moisture for their metabolism. Cereal grains when brought in from the field, although they may appear to be dry, may contain 20 per cent of moisture or more. If they are stored in a bin thus, there is sufficient moisture in them to support several varieties of insects. These insects will, therefore, live and breed and, as they grow and eat the grain, it provides them with biological energy for their life processes. This energy will, just as in man, become manifest as heat. Since the bulk of the grain acts as an insulator, the temperature surrounding the colony of insects will rise so that, not only is part of the grain spoiled by the direct attack of the insects but more may be damaged by the heat. Sometimes, the temperature may even rise to the point where the stored grain catches fire. For safe storage, grain must be dried until its moisture content is 13 per cent or less.Traditional arts of food preservation took advantage of this principle in a number of ways. The plant seeds, wheat, rye, rice, barley millet, maize, are themselves structuresevolved by nature to provide stored food. The starch of their endosperm is used for the nourishment of the embryo during the time it over-winters （if it is a plant of the Temperate Zone）and until its new leaves have grown and their chlorophyll can trap energy from the sunlight to nourish the new-grown plant. The separation by threshing and winnowing is, therefore, to some degree part of a technique of food preservation.The direct drying of other foods has also been used. Fish has been dried in many parts of the world besides Africa. Slices of dried meat are prepared by numerous races. Biltong, a form of dried meat, was a customary food for travelers. The drying of meat or fish, either in the sun or over a fire, quite apart from the degree to which it exposes the food to infection by bacteria and infestation by insects, tends also to harm its quality. Proteins are complex molecular structures which are readily disrupted. This is the reason why dried meat becomes tough and can, with some scientific justification, by likened to leather.The technical process of drying foods indirectly by pickling them in the strong salt solutions commonly called 'brine' does less harm to the protein than straightforward drying, particularly if this is carried out at high temperatures. It is for this reason that many of the typical drying processes are not taken to completion. That is to say, the outer parts may be dried leaving a moist inner section. Under these circumstances, preservation is only partial. The dried food keeps longer than it would have undried but it cannot be kept indefinitely. For this reason, traditional processes are to be found in many parts of the world in which a combination of partial drying and pickling in brine is used. Quite often the drying involves exposure to smoke. Foods treated in this way are, besides fish of various sorts, bacon, hams and numerous types of sausages.11. According to the passage, insects spoil stored cereals by ________.（A）consuming all the grain themselves（B）generating heat and raising the surrounding temperature（C）increasing the moisture content in the grain（D）attacking each other for more grain12. In speaking of the traditional methods of food preservation, the writer ________. （A）expresses doubts about direct smoking（B）describes salting and pickling as ineffective（C）condemns direct drying（D）mentions threshing and winnowing13. Direct drying affects the quality of meat or fish because ________.（A）it exposes them to insects（B）it makes them hard（C）it damages the protein（D）it develops bacteria14. We can learn from the passage that salting preserves food by ________.（A）destroying the protein（B）drawing away moisture from the food（C）drying the food in the sun（D）dressing the food15. According to the passage, partial drying is useful because ________.（A）it damages the protein less（B）it can be combined with pickling（C）it leaves the inside moist（D）it makes the food softQuestions 16-20We are moving inexorably into the age of automation. Our aim is not to devise a mechanism which can perform a thousand different actions of any individual man but, on the contrary, one which could by a single action replace a thousand men.Industrial automation has moved along three lines. First there is the conveyor belt system of continuous production whereby separate operations are linked into a single sequence. The goods produced by this well-established method are untouched by the worker, and the machine replaces both unskilled and semiskilled. Secondly, there is automation with feedback control of the quality of the product: here mechanisms are built into the system which can compare the output with a norm, that is, the actual product with what it is supposed to be, and then correct any shortcomings. The entire cycle of operations dispenses with human control except in so far as monitors are concerned. One or two examples of this type of automation will illustrate its immense possibilities. There is a factory in the U.S.A. which makes 1,000 million electric light bulbs a year, and the factory employs three hundred people. If the preautomation techniques were to be employed, the labour force required would leap to 25,000. A motor manufacturing company with 45,000 spare parts regulates their entire supply entirely by computer. Computers can be entrusted with most of the supervision of industrial installations, such as chemical plants or oil refineries. Thirdly, there is computer automation, for banks, accounting departments, insurance companies and the like. Here the essential features are the recording, storing, sorting and retrieval of information.The principal merit of modern computing machines is the achievement of their vastly greater speed of operation by comparison with unaided human effort; a task which otherwise might take years, if attempted at all, now takes days or hours.One of the most urgent problems of industrial societies rapidly introducing automation is how to fill the time that will be made free by the machines which will take over the tasks of the workers. The question is not simply of filling empty time but also of utilizing the surplus human energy that will be released. We are already seeing straws in the wind: destructive outbursts on the part of youth whose work no longer demands muscular strength. While automation will undoubtedly do away with a large number of tedious jobs, are we sure that it will not put others which are equally tedious in their place? For an enormous amount of sheer monitoring will be required. A man in an automated plant may have to sit for hours on and watching dials and taking decisive action when some signal informs him that all is not well. What meaning will his occupation bear for the worker? How will he devote his free time after a four or five hour stint of labour? Moreover, what, indeed, will be the significance for him of his leisure? If industry of the future could be purged of its monotony and meaninglessness, man would then be better equipped to use his leisure time constructively.16. The main purpose of automation is _________.（A）to devise the machine which could replace the semi-skilled（B）to process information as fast as possible（C）to develop an efficient labor-saving mechanism（D）to make an individual man perform many different actions17. The chief benefit of computing machines is ________.（A）their greater speed of operation（B）their control of the product quality（C）their conveyor belt system of continuous production（D）their supervision of industrial installations18. One of the problems brought about by automation in industrial societies is_________.（A）plenty of information（B）surplus human energy（C）destructive outbursts（D）less leisure time19. Which of the following best explains the use of 'stint' （para.4）?（A）Effort.（B）Force.（C）Excess.（D）Period.20. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?（A）There is no automation with feedback control of the quality of the product.（B）Computers are reliable in any supervision of industrial installations.（C）The essential features for banks are the recording and sorting of information.（D）Automation will undoubtedly eliminate numerous tedious jobs.Questions 21-25The city water pipes in Rome were usually of baked clay or lead; copper was sometimes used and also hollowed stone. For the large supply conduits leading to the city the Romans used covered channels with free water surfaces, rather than pipes. Perhaps this choice wasa matter of economics, for apparently they could make lead pipes up to 15 inches in diameter. While pipes can follow the profile of undulating ground, with the pressure increasing in the lower areas, channels cannot. They must slope continuously downwards, because water in channels does not normally flow uphill; and the grade must be flat, from 1 in 60 in small channels to perhaps 1 in 3,000 in large ones, to keep the water speed down to a few feet per second. Thus the main supply channels or aqueducts had long lengths of flat grade and where they crossed depressions or valleys they were carried on elevated stone bridges in the form of tiered arches. At the beginning of the Christian era there were over 30 miles of these raised aqueducts in the 250 miles of channels and tunnels bringing water to Rome. The channels were up to 6 feet wide and 5 to 8 feet high. Sometimes channels were later added on the tops of existing ones. The remains of some of these aqueducts still grace the skyline on the outskirts of Rome and elsewhere in Europe similar ruins are found.Brick and stone drains were constructed in various parts of Rome. The oldest existing one is the Cloaca Maxima which follows the course of an old stream. It dates back at least to the third century B.C. Later the drains were used for sewage, flushed by water from the public baths and fountains, as well as street storm run-off.The truly surprising aspect of the achievements of all the ancient hydraulic artisans is the lack of theoretical knowledge behind their designs. Apart from the hydrostatics of Archimedes, there was no sound understanding of the most elementary principles of fluid behaviour. Sextus Frontinus, Rome's water commissioner around A.D. 100, did not fully realize that in order to calculate the volume rate of flow in a channel it is necessary to allow for the speed of the flow as well as the area of cross-section. The Romans' flow standard was the rate at which water would flow through a bronze pipe roughly 4/3 inch in diameter and9 inches long. When this pipe was connected to the side of a water-supply pipe or channel asa delivery outlet, it was assumed that the outflow was at the standard rate. In fact, the amount of water delivered depended not only on the cross-sectional area of the outlet pipe but also on the speed of water flowing through it and this speed depended on the pressure in the supply pipe.。

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

2006年度全国英语专业八级口试参考答案及评分标准参考答案English-Chinese:1. Today, in almost every industry in almost every part of the world there are many examples of enterprises applying information technology to increase their competitiveness.①如今，几乎在世界上每个地方、每个行业，都有许多将信息技术用于提高企业竞争力的例子。

②当今，几乎世界的每一个地方、每个行业里，都有许多例子表明企业应用信息技术来提高他们的竞争力。

③今天，几乎世界各地，几乎各行各业，企业应用信息技术提高竞争力的例子比比皆是。

④今天，在世界上几乎所有的地方，涉及几乎所有的行业，许许多多的企业都在应用信息技术，以便增强它们的竞争力。

2. I think we’re seeing this technology reach the point that all transformational technologie s reach when they are no longer controlled by just a small group of skilled professionals.①我认为，我们正在目睹这种技术进入所有具有变革性技术都会到达的一个阶段，它们不再只被一小部分熟练的专业人员所掌控。

②我认为，这种技术正在到达所有转变性技术都会达到的阶段，一个它不再只被一小群专业人士所控制的阶段。

③革命性技术发展到一定阶段便不再仅仅为一小部分专业技术人员所掌控，我想，我们正在目睹信息技术步入这一阶段。

3. Networking technology is still in its infancy, yet it has already reached the point where we can call it a new mass medium.①虽然网络技术还处于初级阶段，但是它已经达到了一个阶段，可以被称为新的大众媒体。

②尽管网络技术仍然处于其初始阶段，但其发展现已达到一定的规模，我们完全可以称其为一种新型的大众传媒。

③网络技术尚处在新生期，但是它已达到我们称之为新型大众媒介的地步。

④网络技术虽然刚刚起步，但就其发展情况看，我们完全可以把它称为新的大众传媒。

4. Less than 5 years after the birth of the Internet, some 90 million people are online around the world, and that number will soon be hundreds of millions.①虽然互联网诞生还不到5年，全世界已有约9千万用户，并且这个数字很快将达到几亿。

②互联网出现不到5年，全球的上网人数便有大约9千万，而且很快将高达几亿人。

③互联网出现不到5年时间，全世界就有了约9千万用户，很快用户将会数以亿计。

5. Here in China, the number of Internet users has nearly doubled since last October, and I’ve seen statistics that say your Internet population will exceed 7 million people by the year 2002.①自去年10月以来，中国的互联网用户几乎翻了一番，而且我看到的统计数字还显示你们的上网人数到2002年将突破7百万。

②从去年10月份以来，中国的网民几乎增加了一倍。

我看到的数据表明，你们的上网人数到2002年底前将超过7百万人。

③在中国，自去年10月以来，网民的数量几乎翻倍。

而我还见到一些统计数据称到2002年中国网民的数量将会超越7百万。

Chinese-English:1. 近来，社会各界乃至全球华人都在以各种形式纪念郑和下西洋的伟大创举。

①Recently, people from all walks of life in China as well as overseas Chinese around the worldare organizing various events to commemorate the great achievement of Zhenghe’s Ocean-going voyages.②Lately, people from all circles in China and overseas Chinese all over the world are holdingvarious activities in memory of Zhenghe’s great expeditions into the Pacific and Indian Oceans.2. 纪念活动表达了对历史的尊重、对现实的关注和对未来的期盼。

①All these commemorations show our respect for the past, concern for the present, andexpectation for the future.②These commemorative activities express people’s respect for the history, attention to thereality and hope for the future.③The commemorating activities reflect a respect for what happened in the history, a closeattention to what is happening at present, and an anticipation of what will happen in the future.④From 1405 to 1433, Zheng He set out from Taicang, Jiangsu as commander of a huge fleet,sailing into the Western Ocean 7 times, between China and over 303. 公元1405年至1433年，郑和率领庞大的船队，从江苏太仓出发，七下西洋，往返于中国和亚非30多个国家之间。

①From 1405 to 1433, Zhenghe commanded a grand fleet 7 times to the Pacific and IndianOceans, setting out from Taicang, Jiangsu Province, traveling betweenChina and over 30 Asian and African countries. countries in Asia and Africa .②Between 1405 and 1433, starting form Taicang, Jiangsu, Zheng He led his enormous fleet,sailing westward between China and more than thirty countries in Asia and Africa for seven times.4. 其规模之大、人数之多、范围之广、技术之新都是前所未有的。

①His voyages were unprecedented/unparallel in terms of the scale of the fleet, thetechnology.②The big scale of the fleet, the great number of the crew, the vast area they traveledthe new technology they and number of the crew, the coverage of the area, and the advance of the adopted were unprecedented/unparallel.③There had never been such a big scale of fleet, such a large number of crews, such a longdistance, and such advanced technology.④The size of the fleet was the largest, the people who participated were the most, the area itcovered was the largest, and the technology was the most advanced. It had never happened before. )5. 郑和下西洋充分展示了中华民族的高超智慧和非凡勇气，证明了中华民族在历史上就致力于打开国门、走向世界。

①Zhenghe’s expeditions fully reflected Chinese people’s supreme wisdom and utmost courage,and proved Chinese nation’s early effort in opening up to the outside world.②Zhenghe’s voyages have shown the extraordinary wisdom and courage of Chinese people, andhas proved that Chinese nation, in history, has been engaged in opening its door and communicating with the rest of the world.③Zheng He’s ocean-going voyages have fully demonstrated the remarkable intelligence andcourage of the Chinese people, and proved the fact that the nation was long ago committed to opening itself to the outside world.评分细则（英译汉、汉译英满分各100分，每句20分，踩点给分，每点4分，有斜线的斜线前后各2分。