Edgar Allan Poe 的介绍演示文稿
Edgar Allan Poe 介绍PPT课件
“rhythmical creation of beauty.”
阿尼兊斯特英国文学史纲detectivestory10gothicstoryreddeath红死病的假面舞会ovalportrait椭囿形画像usedup被用光的人kingpest瘟疫王11detectivestorythouarturloinedletter被窃之信marieroget玛丽罗杰疑案ruemorgue莫格街谋杀案oblongbox长方形箱子12poetryhelen致海伦13iiihistoricalpositionmostfamousamericanpoetsfictionistsliteraturecritics
Bruce bulls(安布鲁斯·布尔斯) and Howard Phillips Lovecraft（洛夫 克拉夫特 ）as the most famous three horror fictionists .
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Poe is a great writer of fiction, a poet of the first rank, and a critic of insight
a short story writer
his tales are "complete works of art"
a poet
his poetry is “exquisitely refined“( 精致优雅)
a critic
"the greatest journalistic critic of
爱伦坡及其诗歌赏析--Ellen-PoePPT课件
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哦，我清楚地记得那是在萧瑟的十二 月；
每一团奄奄一息的余烬都形成阴影伏在地 板。
我当时真盼望翌日；——因为我已经枉费 心机
想用书来消除悲哀——消除因失去丽诺尔 的悲叹—— 因那被天使叫作丽诺尔的少女，她美丽娇 艳—— 在这儿却默默无闻，直至永远。
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2. The function of poetry is not to summarize and interpret earthly experience, but to create a mood in which the soul soars toward supernal beauty. The basic tone is melancholy.
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维琴妮亚用温柔与爱启示爱伦坡写成了很多最优美 的诗句，其中就有那篇不朽的名诗《乌鸦》。这首 诗爱伦坡写了又写，改了又改，足足花费了十年的 时间，可是仅卖了十块钱。这件事立刻在当地传为 最大的笑话，爱伦坡成为了公认的弱智与无能之辈。 许多人都为自己能够识别出一个白痴而骄傲，感觉 自己与相中良马的伯乐一样出色(但是他们犯了最大 的错误，今天这首诗的原稿已售价数万美元)。
据研究侦探小说的专家霍华德海克雷夫特认为这个杜宾也是坡的自我理想化身因为他自幼聪颖异常处处想表现自己的优越所以就把杜宾写成具有超人智力观察入微料事如神的理想人物为了衬托他的了不起又借一个对他无限钦佩相形见拙的朋友来叙述他的事迹此外还写了一个头脑愚钝动机虽好而屡犯错误的警探作为对比
Edgar Allan Poe (1809 - 1849)
Edgar Allen Poe作者、写作风格及代表作简介
Edgar Allen Poe (1809-1849) is a master of the suspenseful short story. He is also a poet and the first great critic of America. Poe was born in Boston, gifted but tormented. His life was precarious, frequently destitute and completely impoverished. He worked for several magazines and joined the staff of the New York Mirror newspaper in 1844. All the while, he was battling a drinking problem. After the Mirror published his poem “The Raven” in January 1845, Poe achieved national and international fame. He was an inventor of a new symbolic poetry, the new short story in the detective and science fiction, an important artistic theory and analytical criticism. Poe was brilliantly talented, intellectually untrained, and socially displaced. His themes and his view was shaped by the French symbolist poets. He was not popular in America until the 20th century because his view was ahead of his time. In the 20th century, he became a major romantic writer in America, very popular with Freudian psychological critics.Poe's literary theory lies in poetry and fiction. His poetry is the creation of beauty and the tone of sadness. His short poems are the level of emotion. The most potential topic of his poetry is the death of a beautiful woman. The object of poetry is pleasure. Music is an essential part of his poetry. Poe's fiction presents 70 tales of wonder or horror, wit or humor, reflection or ratiocination and the deductive skill. He is the first to develop the short story as a distinctive art form, unity of impression and brevity. His fiction focuses on the effect first and then the incidents. He believes the merit of a work of art is its psychological effect upon the reader and that writer should subordinate everything to effect. Poe cared about effect, not ideas. His subjects and themes of both poetry and fiction are either universal or exotic. His fiction is the earliest American detective fiction and science fiction. Poe is also a pioneering aesthetician, psychological investigator, and literary technician.The Fall of the House of Usher is one of his major works. The central theme is terror that arises from the complexity and multiplicity of forces that shape human destiny. Dreadful, horrifying events result not from a single, uncomplicated circumstance but from a collision and intermingling of manifold, complex circumstances. In Poe’s story, the House of Usher falls to ruin for the reasons listed under "Other Themes". From the very beginning, the narrator realizes that he is entering a world of mystery when he crosses the tarn bridge. He observes, "What was it–I paused to think–what was it that so unnerved me in the contemplation of the House of Usher ? It was a mystery all insoluble."。
爱伦坡 Edgar_Allan_Poe 介绍
柯南· 道尔说：“在推理小说 创作这条狭窄的小路上， 一个作家必须步行，而他总 会看到在他的前面有
爱· 伦坡Edgar Allan Poe
的脚印。”
Edgar Allan Poe
• Born: January 19, 1809) Boston, Massachusetts, USA • Died: October 7, 1849 (aged 40) Baltimore, Maryland, USA • Occupation: Poet, short-story writer, editor, literary critic • Genres: Horror fiction, crime fiction, detective fiction • Literary movement: Romanticism
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• Pioneer of Symbolism 象征主义先驱 • Aesthete唯美主义者
Influences of Poe
• 1. Influenced writers of split personality. • 2. Influenced literary (psychoanalytic) criticism. • 3. Influenced writers dealing with the disintegration of personality ( psychological fiction). • 4. father of the detective fiction （ ratiocinative fiction) & psychoanalytic criticism 5. contributed to the science fiction
Edgar_Allan_Poe(1809—1849)埃德加_爱伦坡
• Whitman: admit Poe’s genius, but it was “its narrow range and unhealthy, lurid quality” (terrible) • T. S. Eliot: a critic of the first rank, but with “slipshod writing” (careless)
Reasons for Misunderstanding
• 1) As a perceptive critic, he wrote some scathing criticisms on distinguished literary figures. • 2) His literary executor sullied his reputation after his death.
Part II. Poe’s literary position
– Forerunner of western decadent literature – Forerunner of aesthetic literature – Explorer of abnormal psychology – Father of psychoanalytic criticism – Path-breaker of American detective novel – Father of modern short story
Edgar Allan Poe 坡 (1809—1849)
E.A. Poe (1809llan Poe
（1809—1849）埃德加.爱伦.坡
• • • • • •
Part Part Part Part Part Part
美国文学欣赏Edgar_Allan_Poe(课堂PPT)
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In America
• Emerson: “the jingle man” (noisy)
• Mark Twain: His prose is unreadable.
musical effect of words themselves) • Negligence of so-called truth and social, political and
moral suggestions • “Pure poetry” or “pure art” • Unity of effect and atmosphere; content in service of
• Most controversial and misunderstood in America • Well received in Europe, England, Spain, esp. in France • Literary output:
some seventy short stories and a dozen poems • A: Poems • B: Short stories • C: literary theory • D: one full-length novel:
Edgar Allan Poe 坡
(1809—1849)
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E.A. Poe (1809—1849)
Poe’s mother
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Edgar Allan Poe
（1809—1849）埃德加.爱伦.坡
Lecture 4 Allan Poe
Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849)His life:•He was born as Edgar Poe in Boston; his parents died when he was young.•Poe was taken in by John and Frances Allan.•After spending a short period at the University of Virginia and briefly attempting a military career, Poe parted ways with the Allans.•He was the first well-known American writer to try to earn a living through writing alone, resulting in a financially difficult life and career .•In 1827, Poe's publishing career began humbly, with an anonymous collection of poems, Tamerlane and Other Poems.•In January 1845, Poe published his poem "The Raven" to instant success.•His wife died of tuberculosis two years later.•In 1849, at age 40, Poe died; the cause of his death is unknown.Poe’ s Short stories:•One of the earliest American practitioners of the short story•Best known for his tales of mystery and the macabre.•The inventor of the detective-fiction genre.•He believed that quality work should be brief and focus on a specific single effect. To that end, he believed that the writer should carefully calculate every sentiment and idea.The Cask of Amontillado :The story is set in a nameless Italian city in an unspecified year and concerns the deadly revenge taken by the narrator on a friend who he claims has insulted him.•The narrator has been irreparably insulted by his acquaintance, Fortunato. Angry over some unspecified insult, he seeks revenge.•He wants to exact this revenge, however, in a measured way, without placing himself at risk.•He decides to use Fortunato’s fondness for wine against him.•Then Montresor tells the story of the night that he took his revenge on Fortunato.•He plots to murder his friend during Carnival when the man is drunk, dizzy, and wearinga jester’s motley.•He baits Fortunato by telling him he has obtained what he believes to be a pipe of Amontillado (about 130 gallons), a rare and valuable sherry wine.•He claims he wants his friend’s expert opinion on the subject.•Fortunato goes with Montresor to his wine cellars of the latter’s palazzo, where they wander in the catacombs.•During their walk, Montresor mentions his family arms: a foot in a blue background crushing a snake whose fangs are embedded in the foot’s heel, with the motto “Nemo me impune lacessit”. (=No one attacks me with impunity).•When they come to a niche, Montresor tells his victim that the Amontillado is within.•Fortunato enters and, drunk and unsuspecting, does not resist as Montresor quickly chains him to the wall.•Montresor walls up the niche, entombing his friend alive.•In the last few sentences, Montresor reveals that it has been 50 years since the murder, hehas never been caught, and Fortunato’s body still hangs from its chains in the niche where he left it.•The murderer, seemingly unrepentant, ends the story by remarking: In pace requiescat (=May he rest in peace).•The mystery in the story is in Montresor’s motive for murder. Without a detective in the story, it is up to the reader to solve the mystery.•The enduring horror of the story is the fact of punishment without proof and the insanity of the narrator.•Poe uses Fortunato’s name symbolically, as an ironic device. Though his name means “the fortunate one”in Italian, Fortunato meets an unfortunate fate as the victim of Montresor’s revenge.•Fortunato adds to the irony of his name by wearing the costume of a court jester. While Fortunato plays in jest, Montresor sets out to fool him, with murderous results.•While the carnival usually indicates joyful occasion, now it can be murderously serious. •The carnival and the costumes suggest deception, falseness and presenting an innocent image, while hiding Montresor’s true nature.•The repeated allusions to the bones of Montresor’s family that line the vaults foreshadow the story’s descent into the underworld.•The two men’s underground travels are a metaphor for their trip to hell.The Style•The story features the dark side of human nature, set in eerie places. The catacombs definitely fit that description, and Montresor’s resolutely and calmly planned revenge fit the feature of exploring the darkness that humans are capable of.•It is also written in first-person, which allows the reader to get inside the narrator's head. This way, we know the sinister thoughts of Montresor. That first-person angle adds suspense.•The narrator’s voice and style is also very distinct; Montresor is a calculated, calm, unrepentant murderer, and it shows in his commentary.Questions:1.To build suspense in the story, Poe often employs foreshadowing. Please cite someexamples.2.Please explain some symbols used in the story.。
Edgar Allan Poe
Edgar Allan Poe（1809-1849）埃德加艾伦坡General introduction:Edgar Allan Poe was born in Boston in 1809, the child of struggling traveling actors. Both of his parents died within two years after his birth. Edgar was taken into the home of John Allan, a merchant of Richmond, Virginia, whose name Poe later added to his own.For a brief period Poe was happy with the Allan family, but friction soon began to develop between the boy and his foster father. Poe entered the University of Virginia, but left a short time later because he would not enter the profession of law as Allan wished. After a brief enlistment if the arty, Poe accepted an appointment to West Point, which Allan had helped to arrange. Poewas discharged less than a year later, in 1831, for reasons that are still not completely clear. This episode marked the final break between Poe and the Allans.For a time he lived in Baltimore with his father’s sister, Mrs. Maria Clemm, and her daughter Virginia. He had already published two volumes of poems at his own expense, but had made no money and little reputation from them. When he won a contest with his story “Ms. Found in a Bottle”in 1833, the Southern novelist John Pendleton Kennedy helped him get a job as editor with the Southern Literary Messenger in Richmond. Poe lost the position because of excessive drinking and an inability to meet deadlines, but he managed to regain the job in 1835. Confident of a secure position and a steady income, Poe then married hisyoung cousin, Virginia Clemm.In his post on the Messenger, Poe showed his true talents as an editor, a poet, a literary critic, and a writer of fiction. He remained for over two years, improving the magazine and building its circulation enormously. Then he quit suddenly in 1837, partly because he felt that his salary was far too low. With his family he set out to try his luck in New York and Philadelphia.For several years he drifted. He was en editor at various times of Graham’s magazine, two newspapers, and Burton’s Gentleman’s Magazine (where “The Fall of the House of Usher”《厄舍大厦的倒塌》first appeared). The years from 1837 to 1845 were hard, yet in spite of shifting jobs and chronic poverty, Poe managed to write some of his most famous stories during thisperiod. His first collection of short shotires, Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque,(述异集) appered in 1840. The Raven was published in 1845 as the title poem of a collection. Through his essays and reviews, Poe had also gained stature as a literary critic. Yet none of his successes brought him security. Misfortune spoiled every opportunity and frustrated his dream of starting his own magazine. Ironically, while Poe was struggling in America, his work was commanding more and more praise in Europe, where he was hailed as a pioneer in poetic and fictional techniques. His influence was especially strong on many French writers.His European fame was of little benefit to Poe. Poverty remained his typical condition. After an agonizinglyslow decline, his young wife Virginia died of tuberculosis in the winter of 1847, in their bare cottage in New York City. Two years later, at forty, Poe himself was dead. Like so much else about the man, many of the circumstances surrounding his death remain a mystery. He had traveled to Richmond to make arrangements for his marriage to a widow, Mrs. A.B. Shelton. On the return trip to New York, he stopped in Baltimore to visit some friends. A common theory is that, arriving in the city on Election Day, he fell into the hands of political hoodlums who got him drunk and made him a voter in dishonest election practices. Whatever had occurred, on October 3 Poe was found in a tavern in a drunken and desperately ill condition he died four days later.Poe’s views on nature and relation to it literature: Like Emerson, Poe adventures into the human mind. But that is where their similarities end. When Emerson sees nature, he sees emblems of the divine security; he sees order; and his seeing is inspired by and is instrumental of the Over-soul. Nature, to Poe, is disorder, offering no security. Where Emerson discovers the cosmic force of the Over-soul, Poe discerns an elusive beauty (飘忽不定，难以捉摸，难以言传，使人迷惑, elusiveness, ) and with it, the shadow of death, destruction and disintegration. If Emerson embraces Romantic affirmation, Poe embraces Romantic agony. Poetic imagination becomes a means with which Poe ventures into the labyrinthine and haunted human mind. (文学的目的在于探索那迷宫一般的，为焦虑所折磨的人的精神世界)。
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Edgar Allan Poe
Literary style and themes:
Poe's best known fiction works are Gothic. His most recurring themes deal with questions of death. Many of his works are generally considered part of the dark romanticism genre.
Edgar Allan Poe
Life : ❀He was born in Boston,
Massachusetts; he was orphaned young when his mother died shortly after his father abandoned the family. Poe was taken in by John Allan.
Edgar Allan Poe
Publishing:
His publishing career began humbly, with an anonymous collection of poems, Tamerlane and Other Poems
Edgar Allan Poe
In JanuaryБайду номын сангаас1845 Poe published his poem, The Raven, to instant success.
Edgar Allan Poe
Edgar Allan Poe
January 19, 1809 – October 7, 1849 American author, poet, editor and literary critic, considered part of the American Romantic Movement
Edgar Allan Poe
The tales of mystery and the macabre. one of the earliest American practitioners of the short story . the inventor of the detective fiction genre. the first well-known American writer to try wellto earn a living through writing alone, resulting in a financially difficult life and career.
Edgar Allan Poe
❀He attended the
University of Virginia for one semester but left due to lack of money.
❀ Then enlisted in the
Army and later failing as an officer's cadet at West Point.
Edgar Allan Poe
❀ in 1835, he married
Virginia Clemm, his 13year-old cousin.
Edgar Allan Poe
❀ His death :
On October 3, 1849,and the causes of his death remain uncertain.
Edgar Allan Poe
Literary theory:
He believed that quality work should be brief and focus on a specific single effect. Poe's writing reflects his literary theories, which he presented in his criticism and also in essays such as "The Poetic Principle".