力学专业英语资料(一)考研必备
[新版]力学专业英语
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字号：大中小力学mechanics牛顿力学Newtonian mechanics经典力学classical mechanics静力学statics运动学kinematics动力学dynamics动理学kinetics宏观力学macroscopicmechanics,macromechanics细观力学mesomechanics微观力学microscopicmechanics,micromechanics一般力学general mechanics固体力学solid mechanics流体力学fluid mechanics理论力学theoretical mechanics应用力学applied mechanics工程力学engineering mechanics实验力学experimental mechanics计算力学computational mechanics理性力学rational mechanics物理力学physical mechanics地球动力学geodynamics力force作用点point of action作用线line of action力系system of forces力系的简化reduction of force system等效力系equivalent force system刚体rigid body力的可传性transmissibility of force平行四边形定则parallelogram rule力三角形force triangle力多边形force polygon零力系null-force system平衡equilibrium力的平衡equilibrium of forces平衡条件equilibrium condition平衡位置equilibrium position平衡态equilibrium state分析力学analytical mechanics拉格朗日乘子Lagrange multiplier拉格朗日[量] Lagrangian拉格朗日括号Lagrange bracket循环坐标cyclic coordinate循环积分cyclic integral哈密顿[量] Hamiltonian哈密顿函数Hamiltonian function正则方程canonical equation正则摄动canonical perturbation正则变换canonical transformation正则变量canonical variable哈密顿原理Hamilton principle作用量积分action integral哈密顿--雅可比方程Hamilton-Jacobi equation 作用--角度变量action-angle variables阿佩尔方程Appell equation劳斯方程Routh equation拉格朗日函数Lagrangian function诺特定理Noether theorem泊松括号poisson bracket边界积分法boundary integral method并矢dyad运动稳定性stability of motion轨道稳定性orbital stability李雅普诺夫函数Lyapunov function渐近稳定性asymptotic stability结构稳定性structural stability久期不稳定性secular instability弗洛凯定理Floquet theorem倾覆力矩capsizing moment自由振动free vibration固有振动natural vibration暂态transient state环境振动ambient vibration反共振anti-resonance衰减attenuation库仑阻尼Coulomb damping同相分量in-phase component非同相分量out-of-phase component超调量overshoot参量[激励]振动parametric vibration模糊振动fuzzy vibration临界转速critical speed of rotation阻尼器damper半峰宽度half-peak width集总参量系统lumped parameter system 相平面法phase plane method相轨迹phase trajectory等倾线法isocline method跳跃现象jump phenomenon负阻尼negative damping达芬方程Duffing equation希尔方程Hill equationKBM方法KBM method,Krylov-Bogoliu-bov-Mitropol'skii method 马蒂厄方程Mathieu equation平均法averaging method组合音调combination tone解谐detuning耗散函数dissipative function硬激励hard excitation硬弹簧hard spring, hardening spring谐波平衡法harmonic balance method久期项secular term自激振动self-excited vibration分界线separatrix亚谐波subharmonic软弹簧soft spring ,softening spring软激励soft excitation邓克利公式Dunkerley formula瑞利定理Rayleigh theorem分布参量系统distributed parameter system 优势频率dominant frequency模态分析modal analysis固有模态natural mode of vibration同步synchronization超谐波ultraharmonic范德波尔方程van der pol equation频谱frequency spectrum基频fundamental frequencyWKB方法WKB method,Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin method缓冲器buffer风激振动aeolian vibration嗡鸣buzz倒谱cepstrum颤动chatter蛇行hunting阻抗匹配impedance matching机械导纳mechanical admittance机械效率mechanical efficiency机械阻抗mechanical impedance随机振动stochastic vibration, random vibration隔振vibration isolation减振vibration reduction应力过冲stress overshoot喘振surge摆振shimmy起伏运动phugoid motion起伏振荡phugoid oscillation驰振galloping陀螺动力学gyrodynamics陀螺摆gyropendulum陀螺平台gyroplatform陀螺力矩gyroscoopic torque陀螺稳定器gyrostabilizer陀螺体gyrostat惯性导航inertial guidance姿态角attitude angle方位角azimuthal angle舒勒周期Schuler period机器人动力学robot dynamics多体系统multibody system多刚体系统multi-rigid-body system机动性maneuverability凯恩方法Kane method转子[系统]动力学rotor dynamics转子[一支承一基础]系统rotor-support-foundationsystem静平衡static balancing动平衡dynamic balancing静不平衡static unbalance动不平衡dynamic unbalance现场平衡field balancing不平衡unbalance不平衡量unbalance互耦力cross force挠性转子flexible rotor分频进动fractional frequency precession 半频进动half frequency precession油膜振荡oil whip转子临界转速rotor critical speed自动定心self-alignment亚临界转速subcritical speed涡动whirl连续过程continuous process碰撞截面collision cross section 通用气体常数conventional gas constant 燃烧不稳定性combustion instability稀释度dilution完全离解complete dissociation火焰传播flame propagation组份constituent碰撞反应速率collision reaction rate燃烧理论combustion theory浓度梯度concentration gradient阴极腐蚀cathodic corrosion火焰速度flame speed火焰驻定flame stabilization火焰结构flame structure着火ignition湍流火焰turbulent flame层流火焰laminar flame燃烧带burning zone渗流flow in porous media, seepage达西定律Darcy law赫尔-肖流Hele-Shaw flow毛[细]管流capillary flow过滤filtration爪进fingering不互溶驱替immiscible displacement不互溶流体immiscible fluid互溶驱替miscible displacement互溶流体miscible fluid迁移率mobility流度比mobility ratio渗透率permeability孔隙度porosity多孔介质porous medium比面specific surface迂曲度tortuosity空隙void空隙分数void fraction注水water flooding可湿性wettability地球物理流体动力学geophysical fluid dynamics 物理海洋学physical oceanography大气环流atmospheric circulation海洋环流ocean circulation海洋流ocean current旋转流rotating flow平流advection埃克曼流Ekman flow埃克曼边界层Ekman boundary layer大气边界层atmospheric boundary layer大气-海洋相互作用atmosphere-oceaninteraction埃克曼数Ekman number罗斯贝数Rossby unmber罗斯贝波Rossby wave斜压性baroclinicity正压性barotropy内磨擦internal friction海洋波ocean wave盐度salinity环境流体力学environmental fluid mechanics斯托克斯流Stokes flow羽流plume理查森数Richardson number污染源pollutant source污染物扩散pollutant diffusion噪声noise噪声级noise level噪声污染noise pollution排放物effulent工业流体力学industrical fluid mechanics流控技术fluidics轴向流axial flow并向流co-current flow对向流counter current flow横向流cross flow螺旋流spiral flow旋拧流swirling flow滞后流after flow混合层mixing layer抖振buffeting风压wind pressure附壁效应wall attachment effect, Coanda effect 简约频率reduced frequency爆炸力学mechanics of explosion终点弹道学terminal ballistics动态超高压技术dynamic ultrahigh pressuretechnique流体弹塑性体hydro-elastoplastic medium 热塑不稳定性thermoplastic instability空中爆炸explosion in air地下爆炸underground explosion水下爆炸underwater explosion 电爆炸discharge-induced explosion激光爆炸laser-induced explosion核爆炸nuclear explosion点爆炸point-source explosion殉爆sympathatic detonation强爆炸intense explosion粒子束爆炸explosion by beam radiation聚爆implosion起爆initiation of explosion爆破blasting霍普金森杆Hopkinson bar电炮electric gun电磁炮electromagnetic gun爆炸洞explosion chamber轻气炮light gas gun马赫反射Mach reflection基浪base surge成坑cratering能量沉积energy deposition爆心explosion center爆炸当量explosion equivalent火球fire ball爆高height of burst蘑菇云mushroom侵彻penetration规则反射regular reflection崩落spallation应变率史strain rate history流变学rheology聚合物减阻drag reduction by polymers挤出[物]胀大extrusion swell, die swell无管虹吸tubeless siphon剪胀效应dilatancy effect孔压[误差]效应hole-pressure[error]effect 剪切致稠shear thickening剪切致稀shear thinning触变性thixotropy反触变性anti-thixotropy超塑性superplasticity粘弹塑性材料viscoelasto-plastic material滞弹性材料anelastic material本构关系constitutive relation麦克斯韦模型Maxwell model沃伊特-开尔文模型Voigt-Kelvin model宾厄姆模型Bingham model奥伊洛特模型Oldroyd model幂律模型power law model应力松驰stress relaxation应变史strain history应力史stress history记忆函数memory function衰退记忆fading memory应力增长stress growing粘度函数voscosity function相对粘度relative viscosity复态粘度complex viscosity拉伸粘度elongational viscosity拉伸流动elongational flow第一法向应力差first normal-stress difference 第二法向应力差second normal-stress difference 德博拉数Deborah number魏森贝格数Weissenberg number动态模量dynamic modulus振荡剪切流oscillatory shear flow宇宙气体动力学cosmic gas dynamics等离[子]体动力学plasma dynamics电离气体ionized gas行星边界层planetary boundary layer阿尔文波Alfven wave泊肃叶-哈特曼流] Poiseuille-Hartman flow哈特曼数Hartman number生物流变学biorheology生物流体biofluid生物屈服点bioyield point生物屈服应力bioyield stress电气体力学electro-gas dynamics铁流体力学ferro-hydrodynamics 血液流变学hemorheology, blood rheology血液动力学hemodynamics磁流体力学magneto fluid mechanics磁流体动力学magnetohydrodynamics, MHD磁流体动力波magnetohydrodynamic wave 磁流体流magnetohydrodynamic flow 磁流体动力稳定性magnetohydrodynamicstability生物力学biomechanics生物流体力学biological fluid mechanics生物固体力学biological solid mechanics 宾厄姆塑性流Bingham plastic flow开尔文体Kelvin body沃伊特体Voigt body可贴变形applicable deformation可贴曲面applicable surface边界润滑boundary lubrication液膜润滑fluid film lubrication向心收缩功concentric work离心收缩功eccentric work关节反作用力joint reaction force微循环力学microcyclic mechanics微纤维microfibril渗透性permeability生理横截面积physiological cross-sectional area 农业生物力学agrobiomechanics纤维度fibrousness硬皮度rustiness胶粘度gumminess粘稠度stickiness嫩度tenderness渗透流osmotic flow易位流translocation flow蒸腾流transpirational flow过滤阻力filtration resistance压扁wafering风雪流snow-driving wind停滞堆积accretion遇阻堆积encroachment沙漠地面desert floor流沙固定fixation of shifting sand流动阈值fluid threshold。
力学专业 英语词汇
专业英语第一节一般术语1. 工程结构building and civil engineering structures房屋建筑和土木工程的建筑物、构筑物及其相关组成部分的总称。
2. 工程结构设计design of building and civil engineering structures在工程结构的可靠与经济、适用与美观之间，选择一种最佳的合理的平衡，使所建造的结构能满足各种预定功能要求。
3. 房屋建筑工程building engineering一般称建筑工程，为新建、改建或扩建房屋建筑物和附属构筑物所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
4. 土木工程civil engineering除房屋建筑外，为新建、改建或扩建各类工程的建筑物、构筑物和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
5. 公路工程highway engineering为新建或改建各级公路和相关配套设施等而进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
6. 铁路工程railway engineering为新建或改建铁路和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
7. 港口与航道工程port ( harbour ) and waterway engineering为新建或改建港口与航道和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
8. 水利工程hydraulic engineering为修建治理水患、开发利用水资源的各项建筑物、构筑物和相关配设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
9. 水利发电工程（水电工程）hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering以利用水能发电为主要任务的水利工程。
材料力学专业英语1
Test Specimens
试样
样品
The axial loading shown in Fig. 1-2(a) occurs frequently in structural and machine 夹具 design problems. To simulate this loading in the 电力地 laboratory, a test specimen is held in the grips of either an electrically driven gear-type testing machine or a hydraulic machine. Both of these machines are commonly used in materials 液压的 testing laboratories for applying axial tension.
Normal Stress
法应力
应力
Instead of speaking of the internal force acting on some比较的 element of area, it is small better for comparative purposes to treat the normal force acting over a unit area of the 把…称作 cross section. The intensity of normal force per unit area is termed the normal stress and is expressed in units of force per unit area, e,g., 1N/m2.
专业英语工程力学
专业英语工程力学第一篇：专业英语工程力学1.In the finite element method ,the actual continuum or body of matter like solid ,liquid orgasis represented as an assemblage of subdivisions called finite elements.these elements areconsidered to be interconnected at specified joints which are called nodes or nodal points.the nodes usually lie on the element boundaries where adjacent elements are considered to be connected.在有限元方法中，本来连续体物质像固体液体气体被看做是一个划分后有限单元的集合。
这些单元被认为是在指定的关节是相互联系的,这些关节被称为节点。
这些节点通常附着在与附近单元相联系的边界上2.With the program registered in some information support, and the data and proper controlcommands added, the program is ready to be tested by submitting it for processing.At the beginning, the program will include some errors that may be syntax errors and logic errors.Syntax errors appears because some of the rules of the language are violated.Normally these can be easily detected and corrected.Logic errors correspond to the case that a syntax error-free program is submitted for execution, but it does not produce the desired results.随着程序的编写在信息的支持下，数据和合适的控制命令的增加，这个程序快速的被测试，通过提交它给过程。
工程力学专业英语_词汇
1．Energy Release Rate: 能量释放率2．Brittle Material: 脆性材料3．Strain Energy: 应变能4．Ductile Matetrial 韧性材料5．Strength Criterion: 强度判据/强度准则6．Crack tip 裂纹顶端7．Homogeneous 各向同性8．Principle of Virtual Work: 虚功原理9．Time-Dependent Deformation: 时间相关变形10．Fatigue in Metals: 金属的疲劳11．damage and Fracture 损伤与断裂12 . stress concentration ．应力集中13. crack propagation 裂纹传播14．stress intensity factor 应力强度因子15．brittle fracture 脆性断裂16．ductile fracture 韧性断裂17．Fatigue life 疲劳寿命18．creep deformation 蠕变变形19．plastic deformation 塑性变形20．constitutive relationship 本构关系31. longitudinal 纵向32. transverse 横向33. horizontal 水平的34 . resistance 抵抗力35. ultimate 终极的36. isotropic 各向同性37. deviatoric 偏量的38. assumption 假设39. bind 结合40. blunt 钝的41 FRACTURE TOUGHNESS 断裂韧性42 POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIALS 多晶体材料43 Single Crystalline materials 单晶体材料43 AMORPHOUS MATERIALS 非晶态材料44 CRYSTAL STRUCTURE 晶体结构45 Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics 线弹性断裂力学46 theory of elasticity 弹性理论47 homogeneous state of stress 均匀应力状态48 stress invariant 应力不变量49 strain invariant 应变不变量50 strain ellipsoid 应变椭球51 homogeneous state of strain 均匀应变状态52 equation of strain compatibility 应变协调方程accumulated damage累积损伤brittle damage脆性损伤ductile damage延性损伤macroscopic damage宏观损伤microscopic damage细观损伤microscopic damage微观损伤damage criterion损伤准则damage evolution equation损伤演化方程damage softening损伤软化damage strengthening损伤强化damage tensor损伤张量damage thresh old损伤阈值damage variable损伤变量damage vector损伤矢量damage zone损伤区Fatigue疲劳low cycle fatigue低周疲劳stress fatigue应力疲劳random fatigue随机疲劳creep fatigue蠕变疲劳corrosion fatigue腐蚀疲劳fatigue damage疲劳损伤fatigue failure疲劳失效fatigue fracture疲劳断裂fatigue crack疲劳裂纹fatigue life疲劳寿命fatigue rupture疲劳破坏fatigue strength疲劳强度fatigue striations疲劳辉纹fatigue threshold疲劳阈值alternating load交变载荷alternating stress交变应力stress amplitude应力幅值strain fatigue应变疲劳stress cycle应力循环stress ratio应力比safe life安全寿命overloading effect过载效应cyclic hardening循环硬化cyclic softening循环软化environmental effect环境效应crack gage裂纹片crack growth, crack Propagation裂纹扩展crack initiation裂纹萌生。
研究生机械工程专业英语考试必背单词
研究生机械工程专业英语考试必背单词在研究生机械工程专业的学习中，英语考试是必不可缺的一部分。
为了顺利通过考试，背诵和掌握一些重要的专业词汇是至关重要的。
本文将为大家介绍一些研究生机械工程专业英语考试必背单词，助您在考试中取得好成绩。
1. Mechanics（力学）Mechanics is a branch of physics that deals with the behavior of physical bodies when subjected to forces or displacements, and the subsequent effect on their motion.（力学是物理学的一个分支，研究物体在受力或变位作用下的行为及其对运动的影响。
）2. Dynamics（动力学）Dynamics is the branch of mechanics that deals with the motion of objects and the forces that cause the motion.（动力学是研究物体运动及引起运动的力的力学分支。
）3. Kinematics（运动学）Kinematics is the branch of mechanics that deals with the motion of objects without considering the forces that cause the motion.（运动学是研究物体运动而不考虑引起运动的力的力学分支。
）4. Thermodynamics（热力学）Thermodynamics is the branch of physics that deals with the relationships between heat and other forms of energy.（热力学是研究热能与其他形式能量之间关系的物理学分支。
力学英语知识点
力学英语知识点力学是物理学中的基础学科之一，主要研究物体的力、质点和刚体的运动以及力的作用和效果。
在学习力学的过程中，掌握一些常用的力学英语术语和概念非常重要。
本文将逐步介绍一些力学的基础知识点。
1.力 (Force) 力是物体或系统相互作用时产生的一种物理量。
力可以改变物体的状态，如速度、方向和形状。
力的单位是牛顿 (N)。
2.质量 (Mass) 质量是物体所具有的固有属性，表示物体内部包含的物质量。
质量的单位是千克 (kg)。
3.加速度 (Acceleration) 加速度是物体在单位时间内速度改变的量。
在力学中，加速度可以通过牛顿第二定律计算，即 F = m × a，其中 F 是力的大小，m 是物体的质量，a 是加速度。
4.速度 (Velocity) 速度是物体在单位时间内位移的变化率。
速度的单位是米每秒 (m/s)。
5.位移(Displacement) 位移是物体从一个位置到另一个位置的变化量。
位移通常用矢量表示，具有大小和方向。
6.动量 (Momentum) 动量是物体运动的一种量度，是质量与速度的乘积。
动量的单位是千克米每秒 (kg·m/s)。
7.力矩 (Torque) 力矩是力绕物体某一点旋转的效果。
力矩可以通过力与力臂的乘积来计算，力臂是力作用点到旋转轴的垂直距离。
8.弹性 (Elasticity) 弹性是物体恢复其原始形状和大小的能力。
在力学中，弹性可以用弹性系数来衡量，弹性系数越大，物体的弹性越好。
9.能量 (Energy) 能量是物体具有的做功的能力，是物体状态的一种量度。
在力学中，能量可以分为动能和势能两种形式。
10.功 (Work) 功是力在物体上做的效果，是力乘以物体位移的乘积。
功可以通过力与位移的乘积来计算，单位是焦耳 (J)。
以上是力学中一些常用的英语知识点。
通过学习这些知识点，我们可以更好地理解和应用力学的原理和公式。
在解决物理问题和工程实践中，正确理解和使用力学英语术语是非常重要的。
工程力学专业英语阅读1
onal图ar1e并a A根据of物th体e b的a平r, F衡u条rth件er，m可or以e, 得fro出m应t力he的eq合u力ilibrium
n in与Fi轴g.向1(b力),Pw必e须ca的n 大als小o相se等e t，ha方t t向hi相s r反es。ul由tan此t 可mu以st be e
water by solid bodies
名词化结构
阿基米德最先发现固体排水的原理
作用： 简化了同位语从句： 强调displacement这一事实
行文简洁 强调存在的事实
二、广泛使用被动句
被动结构可收简洁客观之效
即：1、应尽量避免使用第一、第二人称
避免造成主观臆断的现象
2、尽量使用第三人称叙述，使主要信息置于句首
can readily see that its resultant is eq外ual to the intensity times the
cross-sectional area A of the bar, Furthermore, from the equilibrium of the
body shown in Fig.1(b),we can also see that this resultant must be equal in
stress and is commonly denoted by the Greek letter . Assuming that the
力学专业英语-Lecture_1_Introduction
• How are you doing? • How is life?
EVERY DAY GREETINGS
“Good morning”
“Good evening” “Good afternoon” “Good Night” “Goodbye”
What can you say to someone when you meet them for the first time?
Topics
Is greeting and introduction important?
What is a good greeting or introduction? How to make foreign friends?
Write your own opinion and submit it to qingheБайду номын сангаасao@.
Activities 2：
Using the above format, introduce the your partner at
a formal function.
FORMAL GREETINGS
Greeting
• Good Morning, Mr. Jack • Good Afternoon, Mr. Blue • Good Evening, Mommy
Listening
Most people are born with good hearing, but not good
listening skills. Listening must be learned. Listening is a mental process requiring effort, and we can learn how to be good listeners.
力学专业最常用几个英语单词
力学 mechanics牛顿力学 Newtonian mechanics经典力学 classical mechanics静力学 statics运动学 kinematics动力学 dynamics动理学 kinetics宏观力学 macroscopic mechanics,macromechanics 细观力学 mesomechanics微观力学 microscopic mechanics,micromechanics 一般力学 general mechanics固体力学 solid mechanics流体力学 fluid mechanics理论力学 theoretical mechanics应用力学 applied mechanics工程力学 engineering mechanics实验力学 experimental mechanics计算力学 computational mechanics理性力学 rational mechanics物理力学 physical mechanics地球动力学 geodynamics力 force作用点 point of action作用线 line of action力系 system of forces力系的简化 reduction of force system等效力系 equivalent force system弹性力学 elasticity弹性理论 theory of elasticity均匀应力状态 homogeneous state of stress应力不变量 stress invariant应变不变量 strain invariant应变椭球 strain ellipsoid均匀应变状态 homogeneous state of strain应变协调方程 equation of strain compatibility拉梅常量 Lame constants各向同性弹性 isotropic elasticity .。
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I. Theoretical Mechanics理论力学
Gravitational Force, Gravity重力
Concurrent Force汇交力, Coplanar Force共面力
Force, Torque / Moment扭矩, Couple 约束力，反应，被动力，内力
Constraint Force, Reaction, Passive Force, Internal/External Force 静力学直角坐标分量，合力，平行四边形准则
Rectangular Components, Resultant Force, Parallelogram Law 1. Statics Composition of Force力的合成, Free Body Diagram隔离体
Vector (Magnitude, Direction)矢量, Scalar标量
静力平衡平衡方程平衡条件Net Force = 0
Static Equilibrium, Equation of Equilibrium, Conditions for Equilibrium
Net Torque/Moment = 0
Rectilinear Movement
Motion of Particle粒子运动
Curvilinear Movement
运动学 Translation平移
2. Kinematics Motion of Rigid Body刚体运动
Rotation扭转
Linear线性的
Velocity速度, Acceleration加速度
Angular有角的
Momentum, Kinetic Energy, Potential Energy动量，动能，势能
动力学Moment of Inertia (Rectangular, Polar), Radius of Gyration惯性矩，回转半径
3. Dynamics, Kinetics Centroid (Center of Mass/Gravity)中心
Vibration, Oscillation (Free/Forced/Damped/Undamped)振动
Simple Harmonic Motion, Period, Frequency简谐振动，周期，频率
Pendulum, Centrifugal/Centripetal Force钟摆，离/向心力
II. Mechanics of Materials材料力学
材料强度 Compressive, Compression压缩
1. Strength of Materials Tensile, Tension (Elongation, Extension)伸长
Shear, Shearing剪切
Linear, Hooke’s Law
Elastic弹性, Elasticity Non-linear
Viscoelasticity, Pseudo-elasticity, Super-elasticity
粘弹性，拟弹性，超弹性
应力应变关系塑性 Perfect Plasticity理想塑性
2. Stress-Strain Relation/Behavior Plastic, Plasticity Viscoplasticity, Viscosity黏性, Creeping徐变, Relaxation
Brittle脆性, Ductile柔性
Work Hardening/Softening, Strain Hardening/Softening
弹性模量，弹性系数 Young’s Modulus = Axial Stress / Axial Strain杨氏模量
3. Modulus of Elasticity, Elastic Modulus Shear Modulus = Shear Stress / Shear Strain剪切模量
Bulk Modulus = Volumetric Stress / Volumetric Strain体积弹性模量
破坏理论，失效准则，屈服准则 Maximum Principal Stress Theory最大应力准则
4. Failure Theory, Failure Criteria, Yield Criteria Shear Stress Theory
Mohr-Coulomb Theory库伦理论
Shear Force剪力, Bending Moment弯矩, Flexural Load弯曲荷载
梁 Bending Stress弯曲应力, Normal Stress正应力, Shear Stress剪应力 (Horizontal/Longitudinal, Vertical/Transverse)
5. Beam Neutral Axis中性轴, Flexure屈曲, Deflection挠曲
Cantilever Beam悬臂梁, Simply Supported Beam简支梁, Pin-end, Fixed End固定端
Uniformly/Linearly Distributed Load均布荷载, Concentrated Load集中荷载
Buckling屈曲系数, Euler’s Equation欧拉方程
6. Column 长细比，有效长度，临界荷载，偏心率
Slenderness Ratio, Effective Length, Critical Load/Stress, Eccentricity Ratio
Tension弹力, Compression压缩, Uniaxial/Axial Load单轴荷载
7. Shaft杆, Rod长杆, Bar Inner/Outer Diameter内/外径
Torsion扭转, Torque扭矩, Twisting
Radial Distance辐射距离
平面应变平面应力双向应力（单轴，三轴）应变能最大/小主应力
8. Plane Strain, Plane Stress, Biaxial Stress (Uniaxial, Triaxial), Strain Energy, Major (Minor) Principal Stress Deformation变形, Displacement位移, Deflection偏向
Stiffness, Rigidity刚度, Hardness硬度, Flexibility弹性, Compliance
Dynamic Loading动力荷载, Cyclic/Fluctuating Loading脉冲荷载, Fatigue疲劳度
Thermal Stress热应力/Strain/Deformation, Coefficient of Thermal Expansion热膨胀系数
Factor of Safety安全系数, Safety Factor
Limit State Design极限状态设计 (Ultimate Limit State极限状态, Serviceability Limit State正常使用极限状态), Probabilistic Design概率设计
III. Structural Mechanics, Structural Analysis
Rod, Shaft, Bar
构件Beam, Girder
1. Structural Element Column, Pillar
Plate, Shell, Membrane
Shear Wall, Shear Panel
2. Truss构架, 3-hinge Arch, Rigid Frame刚性框架 (Joint节点, Pin-Joint, Hinge, Node)
3. Statically Determinate静定, Statically Indeterminate超静定, Degree of Static Indeterminacy, N-fold Statically Indeterminate, Degree of Freedom自由度
虚功原理 Virtual Displacement, (Matrix) Displacement Method, Stiffness Method
4. Virtual Work Principle Virtual Force, (Matrix) Force Method, Flexibility Method
Finite Element Method
IV. Theory of Elasticity
(Differential) Equilibrium Equation, Physical Equation, Compatibility/Geometrical Equation
Boundary Conditions。