银行招聘考试笔试英语复习资料
银行招聘考试金融英语词汇
银行英语词汇（熟记）account number 帐目编号depositor 存户pay-in slip 存款单a deposit form 存款单a banding machine 自动存取机to deposit 存款deposit receipt 存款收据private deposits 私人存款certificate of deposit 存单deposit book, passbook 存折credit card 信用卡principal 本金overdraft, overdraw 透支to counter sign 双签to endorse 背书endorser 背书人to cash 兑现to honor a cheque 兑付to dishonor a cheque 拒付to suspend payment 止付cheque,check 支票cheque book 支票本order cheque 记名支票bearer cheque 不记名支票crossed cheque 横线支票blank cheque 空白支票rubber cheque 空头支票cheque stub, counterfoil 票根cash cheque 现金支票traveler's cheque 旅行支票cheque for transfer 转帐支票outstanding cheque 未付支票canceled cheque 已付支票forged cheque 伪支票Bandar's note 庄票，银票banker 银行家president 行长savings bank 储蓄银行Chase Bank 大通银行National City Bank of New York 花旗银行Hongkong Shanghai Banking Corporation 汇丰银行Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China 麦加利银行Banque de I'IndoChine 东方汇理银行central bank, national bank, banker's bank 中央银行bank of issue, bank of circulation 发行币银行commercial bank 商业银行，储蓄信贷银行member bank, credit bank 储蓄信贷银行discount bank 贴现银行exchange bank 汇兑银行requesting bank 委托开证银行issuing bank, opening bank 开证银行advising bank, notifying bank 通知银行negotiation bank 议付银行confirming bank 保兑银行paying bank 付款银行associate banker of collection 代收银行consigned banker of collection 委托银行clearing bank 清算银行local bank 本地银行domestic bank 国内银行overseas bank 国外银行unincorporated bank 钱庄branch bank 银行分行trustee savings bank 信托储蓄银行trust company 信托公司financial trust 金融信托公司unit trust 信托投资公司trust institution 银行的信托部credit department 银行的信用部commercial credit company(discount company) 商业信贷公司（贴现公司）neighborhood savings bank, bank of deposit 街道储蓄所credit union 合作银行credit bureau 商业兴信所self-ser vice bank 无人银行land bank 土地银行construction bank 建设银行industrial and commercial bank 工商银行bank of communications 交通银行mutual savings bank 互助储蓄银行post office savings bank 邮局储蓄银行mortgage bank, building society 抵押银行industrial bank 实业银行home loan bank 家宅贷款银行reserve bank 准备银行chartered bank 特许银行corresponding bank 往来银行merchant bank, accepting bank 承兑银行investment bank 投资银行import and export bank (EXIMBANK) 进出口银行joint venture bank 合资银行money shop, native bank 钱庄credit cooperatives 信用社clearing house 票据交换所public accounting 公共会计business accounting 商业会计cost accounting 成本会计depreciation accounting 折旧会计computerized accounting 电脑化会计general ledger 总帐subsidiary ledger 分户帐cash book 现金出纳帐cash account 现金帐journal, day-book 日记帐，流水帐bad debts 坏帐investment 投资surplus 结余idle capital 游资economic cycle 经济周期economic boom 经济繁荣economic recession 经济衰退economic depression 经济萧条economic crisis 经济危机economic recovery 经济复苏inflation 通货膨胀deflation 通货收缩devaluation 货币贬值revaluation 货币增值international balance of payment 国际收支favourable balance 顺差adverse balance 逆差hard currency 硬通货soft currency 软通货international monetary system 国际货币制度the purchasing power of money 货币购买力money in circulation 货币流通量note issue 纸币发行量national budget 国家预算national gross product 国民生产总值public bond 公债stock, share 股票debenture 债券treasury bill 国库券debt chain 债务链direct exchange 直接（对角）套汇indirect exchange 间接（三角）套汇cross rate, arbitrage rate 套汇汇率foreign currency (exchange) reserve 外汇储备foreign exchange fluctuation 外汇波动foreign exchange crisis 外汇危机discount 贴现discount rate, bank rate 贴现率gold reserve 黄金储备money (financial) market 金融市场stock exchange 股票交易所broker 经纪人commission 佣金bookkeeping 簿记bookkeeper 簿记员an application form 申请单bank statement 对帐单letter of credit 信用证strong room, vault 保险库equitable tax system 等价税则specimen signature 签字式样banking hours, business hours 营业时间。
银行系统招聘考试英语(中国工商银行)历年真题试卷汇编1
银行系统招聘考试英语（中国工商银行）历年真题试卷汇编1(总分：48.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、词汇与语法结构(总题数：2，分数：4.00)1.With our new Quick Pay system, your monthly subscription fee will be debited automatically from the bank account of your______.（分数：2.00）A.choice √B.chooseC.choicesD.chose解析：2.Mr. Crane______ your report on increasing operational efficiency, and he is eager to talk to you about it on Monday.（分数：2.00）A.seenB.seeC.has seen √D.seeing解析：解析：现在完成式时态，have／has+动词过去分词。
二、选词填空(总题数：2，分数：12.00)January 15 Esther Chen 555 Queens Road Leeds, EnglandDear Dr. Chen Thank you for your letter. We understand that you have decided not to【K1】______your subscription to international medicine. We are truly sorry to lose you as a subscriber. As you know, most other journals in the field focus on specialized research topics, with little【K2】______to day-to-day medical care. Our magazine is one of the few to feature new advances in both medical research and clinic at practice. We would like to offer you a 40 percent discount on one year' s subscription. Plus, if you contact our subscription office before January 30, we will send you any issues you have missed free of charge. Please mention my name in order for your discount to be applied【K3】______ We hope to hear from you.Sincerely,Robert GoldbergVice President, Subscriptions Department（分数：6.00）(1).【K1】（分数：2.00）A.renewB.reviewC.supply √D.include解析：解析：supply your subscription意为“提供你的捐助”。
银行职位招聘考试-英语试题
银行职位招聘考试-英语试题第一部分：单项选择题（40分）1. The primary function of a bank is to:- A. provide loans to customers- B. issue credit cards to customers- C. accept deposits from customers- D. offer insurance services to customers2. Which of the following is NOT a type of bank account? - A. Checking account- B. Savings account- C. Investment account- D. Credit account3. A bank's interest rate is the:- A. cost of borrowing money from the bank- B. amount of money deposited in a bank account- C. fee charged for using a bank's services- D. percentage paid to account holders for keeping money in the bank4. What is the purpose of a bank statement?- A. To show the history of transactions in a bank account- B. To provide information on bank loans and credit cards- C. To inform customers about new banking products- D. To advertise the bank's services to customers5. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a secure online banking system?- A. Strong encryption to protect customer information- B. Two-factor authentication for login- C. Regular password changes for customers6. When a customer deposits money into their savings account, the bank:- A. lends the money to other customers- B. invests the money in the stock market- C. uses the money to pay for operating expenses- D. holds the money for safekeeping7. What is the main purpose of the Federal Reserve System in the United States?- A. To regulate and supervise banks- B. To provide loans to individuals and businesses- C. To determine interest rates for bank accounts- D. To issue and regulate the country's currency- A. Issuing credit cards- B. Providing mortgage loans- C. Managing investment portfolios- D. Offering insurance products9. What is the role of a bank teller?- A. To manage a bank's investments- B. To handle customer deposits and withdrawals- C. To develop marketing strategies for the bank- D. To provide legal advice to bank customers10. What is the purpose of the Dodd-Frank Act?- A. To regulate the activities of banks and protect consumers- C. To provide financial assistance to struggling banks第二部分：简答题（60分）2. Describe the role of a bank in the process of issuing a loan to a customer.3. What are the main factors that determine a person's credit score and why is it important?4. Explain the difference between a debit card and a credit card.5. How does online banking benefit both customers and banks? Provide two examples for each.6. Describe the role of a bank's customer service department and why it is important for a bank to have good customer service.7. What is the purpose of the Know Your Customer (KYC) policy in banks and how does it help prevent financial crimes?8. Briefly explain the concept of inflation and how it can affect a country's economy.9. Describe the main steps involved in the process of opening a bank account.10. What is the role of a bank's risk management department and why is it important for a bank to effectively manage risks?第三部分：案例分析题（40分）请根据以下案例回答问题：Case Study: Mr. Johnson wants to apply for a mortgage loan from a bank to buy a house. He has a stable job and a good credit score. The bank offers him a loan with a fixed interest rate of 4% for a term of 30 years.1. What are the advantages and disadvantages of choosing a fixed interest rate for a mortgage loan?2. If Mr. Johnson decides to make a down payment of 20% of the house price, how much money will he need to pay upfront?3. How much will Mr. Johnson's monthly mortgage payment be if he borrows $200,000 from the bank?4. Explain the concept of amortization and how it applies to Mr. Johnson's mortgage loan.第四部分：论述题（60分）请根据以下问题进行论述：1. Discuss the impact of technology on the banking industry. How has technology transformed banking operations and customer experience? Provide examples.2. Explain the role of a bank in promoting financial inclusion. How can banks ensure that individuals and businesses have access to financial services? Provide strategies and examples.3. Discuss the importance of financial literacy for individuals. How can banks and other financial institutions contribute to improving financial literacy? Provide suggestions and examples.4. Explain the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the banking industry. How can banks integrate CSR into their operations and contribute to sustainable development? Provide strategies and examples.以上是《银行职位招聘考试-英语试题》的内容，希望考生认真阅读并按要求作答。
中国银行笔试英语
中国银行笔试英语【原创版】目录1.中国银行笔试英语的概述2.中国银行笔试英语的考试内容3.备考中国银行笔试英语的建议正文【中国银行笔试英语的概述】中国银行笔试英语是作为中国银行招聘过程中的一个重要环节。
它主要是测试应聘者的英语水平，以确保他们能够在工作中使用英语进行有效沟通。
中国银行笔试英语主要针对的是那些想要在中国银行工作的应届毕业生和在职人员。
【中国银行笔试英语的考试内容】中国银行笔试英语主要测试应聘者的英语听、说、读、写能力。
笔试通常包括听力、阅读理解、完形填空、翻译和写作等部分。
听力部分主要是测试应聘者的英语听力能力，需要应聘者听懂英语对话、新闻报道和演讲等，并能准确理解其意义。
阅读理解部分主要是测试应聘者的英语阅读能力，需要应聘者阅读英语文章并正确理解其中的信息和作者的观点。
完形填空部分主要是测试应聘者的语境理解和词汇运用能力，需要应聘者在阅读一篇短文后，根据上下文填入合适的单词。
翻译部分主要是测试应聘者的英汉互译能力，需要应聘者将英语句子翻译成中文或中文句子翻译成英语。
写作部分主要是测试应聘者的英语写作能力，需要应聘者根据题目要求，用恰当的语言和表达方式完成一篇短文。
【备考中国银行笔试英语的建议】对于备考中国银行笔试英语的应聘者来说，可以从以下几个方面进行准备：1.加强英语基础知识的学习，包括语法、词汇和句型等。
2.提高英语听力能力，可以通过听英语广播、看英语电影和参加英语角等方式进行。
3.提高英语阅读理解能力，可以通过阅读英语报纸、杂志和书籍等方式进行。
4.加强英汉互译能力的训练，可以通过翻译英语文章或中文文章进行。
5.多进行英语写作练习，可以模拟考试题目进行写作。
中国农业银行招聘笔试英语历年试卷汇编及答案解析
中国农业银行招聘笔试英语历年试卷汇编及答案解析一、选词填空( 总题数： 40，分数： 80.00)1.He is neither______European, nor______American. He is from______Australia.A.a; a; /B.a; an; theC.a; an; / √D.an; an; /【解析】 European 是辅音开头，所以前面用不定冠词a，表示“一个欧洲人”； American 元音开头，前面用不定冠词an，表示“一个美国人”；第三个空指他来自澳大利亚，前面不用冠词。
故选C。
2._____the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is quite clear to the people all over the world.A.That √B.WhetherC.WhatD.If【解析】 That 引导主语从句，不可省略。
3._____coal, the most important natural fuels are the gas and oil.A.Except forB.ExceptC.BesideD.Apart from √【解析】 Except for 一般放在句首，表示“除了⋯⋯之外，若不是”； Except“除了”，一般放在句中； Beside 表示“在旁边；与⋯⋯相比”； Apart from 有两种意思： (1) “除了⋯⋯外( 都) ，若不是”，相当于except for ；(2) “除了⋯⋯之外( 还) ，此外”，相当于besides 。
本句句意为除了煤以外，最重要的天然燃料是天然气和石油。
因此答案为D。
4.No fault is attached______ the bus driver for the terrible accident at the railway crossing.A.forB.withC.inD.to √【解析】 be attached to ⋯意为“与⋯⋯相关”，因此答案为D。
银行招聘考试试题【英语部分】.doc
银行招聘考试试题【英语局部】想要进入银行工作是需要通过笔试的`，下面为大家精心了关于英语局部的银行试题，欢送大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到大家!1. Food products containing chocolate are subject to a of up to 35 percent when imported to Japan.A. testB. tariffC. souvenirD. shipment2. The Hinman University Math Team in the 27th annual International Collegiate Math Olympics.A. participateB. participantC. participatedD. participative3. Mr. Voorhies planned to send the dresser and bedthat purchased in Bali to the Netherlands.A. heB. hisC. himD. himself4. Actress Lisa Ross--Ellis filed a lawsuit against The Entertainment Files magazine over false made in their November issue.A. auseC. ausationsD. ausatory5. Although subway fare was cheaper, Danielle chose to take a taxi to the concert hall she would not be late.A. soB. orC. butD. and6. Aording to the travel Web site, many travelers staying at the Reliant Hotel in Hanoi.A. testifyB. concludeC. remendD. disappoint7. Students taking the entrance exam are required to provide their student number.A. identifyB. identifiableC. identifiablyD. identification8. to use crutches for six months severely limited Mr. Locke's ability to work in the shipping facility.A. HasB. HaveD. Has had9. I've been waiting for him for hour and half.A. ×; ×B. the; aC. a; ×D. an; a10. Who draw Jack?A. so well asB. as well asC. so better thanD. as good as11. What you do this Sunday if it ?A. do, will rainB. will, rainC. do, rainsD. will, rains12. I wish it fine tomorrow.A. would beB. will beC. isD. to being13. All the girls swam in the lake except two, who halfway.A. gave offC. gave awayD. gave out14. --Can I get the house cheaper?--Sorry, it's my power to sell it any cheaper.A. withoutB. exceptC. beyondD. out15. Many people believe we are heading for an environmental disaster (灾难) we radically (根本地) change the way we live.A. butB. thoughC. unlessD. in casePresident Arling has put his long-awaited economic restructuring program before the Congress. It provides a coordinated program of investment credits, research grants, educational reforms, and tax changes designed to make American industry more petitive. This is necessary to reverse the economic slide into unemployment, lack of growth, and trade deficits that have plagued the economyfor the past six yearsThe most liberal wing of the President's party has called for stronger and more direct action. They want an ines policy to check inflation while Federal financing helps rebuild industry behind a wall of protective tariffs.The Republicans, however, decry even the modest, graduated tax increases in the President's program. They Want tax cuts and a more open market. They say if Federal money has to be injected into the economy, let it through defence spending.Both these alternatives ignore the unique nature of the economic problem before us. It is not simply a matter of markets or financing. The new technology allows vastly increased production for those able to master it. But it also threatens those who fail to adopt it with permanent second-class citizenship in the world economy. If an industry cannot lever itself up to the leading stage of technological advances, then it will not be able to pete effectively. I fit cannot do this, no amount of government protectionism or aess to foreign markets can keep it profitable for long. Without the profits and experience of technological excellence to reinvest, that industry can only fall still further behind its foreign petitors.So the crux is the technology and that is where the President's program focused. The danger is not that a plan will not be passed, it is that the ideologues of right andleft will distort the bill with amendments that will blur its focus on technology. The economic restructuring plan should be passed intact. If we fail to restructure our economy now, we may not get a second chance.16. The focus of the President's program is on .A. investmentB. economyC. technologyD. tax17. What is the requirement of the most liberal wing of the Democratic Party?A. They want a more direct action.B. They want an ines policy to check inflation.C. They want to rebuild industry.D. They want a wall of protective tariffs.18. What is the editor's attitude?A. Support.B. Distaste.C. Disapproval.D. Compromise.19. The danger to the plan lies in .A. the two parties' objectionB. different ideas of the two parties about the planC. its passageD. distortion20. The passage is .A. a reviewB. a prefaceC. an advertisementD. an editorial。
河北省银行招聘考试英语资料练习八
河北省银行招聘考试英语资料练习八1. He is an incurable idealist; it's unlike to help him come down to earth and be more _______.A. RealisticB. RacialC. RecycledD. Rebellious2. To keep health, we have to keep _______ hours.A. ReliableB. RegularC. ReluctantD. religious3. The cowboy looked ________ in that strange-looking hat.A. ResidentialB. RemoteC. RiskyD. ridiculous4. Both the Bible and the Koran are regarded as ________ books.A. SacredB. RubbishC. SecretD. Satisfied5. Mr. White always wears sunglasses because his eyes are ________ to light.A. Self-evidentB. SeldomC. SentimentalD. sensitive6. In 1976 Sarah Caldwell became _________ at the Metropolitan Opera House in New York City.A. she was the first woman to conductB. the first woman conductorC. the woman was first conductingD. the woman conducts first7. Perhaps the most significant postwar trend was the decentralization of cities throughout the United States, _________ when massive highway-building programs permitted greater suburban growth.A. and accelerated a phenomenonB. a phenomenon that acceleratedC. accelerating a phenomenon whichD. the acceleration of which phenomenon8. _________, domesticated grapes grow in clusters, range in color from pale green to black, and contain sugar in varying quantities.A. Their botanical classification as berriesB. Although their botanical classification as berriesC. Because berries being their botanical classificationD. Classified botanically as berries9. Of all the candidates for head of accounting, Mr. Lee is by far the most _________and experienced.A. conditionalB. requisiteC. securedD. qualified10. Flower deliveries are made within 24 hours_________ orders are called in by 2 P.M.A. whenB. evenC. overD. while1.【答案】A. 解析：他是个无可救药的理想主义者;很难将他拉回现实、让他更实际点。
银行招聘考试英语题集
银行招聘考试英语题集题目一1. What is the role of a bank in the economy?题目二2. Explain the concept of interest rates and how they affect the economy.题目三3. What is the difference between a savings account and a checking account?题目四4. What are the key factors to consider when evaluating a borrower's creditworthiness?题目五5. Describe the process of issuing a loan from a bank's perspective. 题目六6. What are the main functions of central banks in a country?题目七7. Explain the concept of inflation and how it impacts the economy. 题目八8. What are the risks associated with investing in the stock market? 题目九9. Discuss the role of technology in the banking industry and its impact on customer experience.题目十10. What are the ethical considerations that banks should take into account when dealing with customers?题目十一11. Describe the steps involved in opening a bank account.题目十二12. What are the main types of financial products offered by banks?题目十三13. Explain the concept of foreign exchange and its importance in international trade.题目十四14. Discuss the role of regulations in the banking industry and their impact on consumer protection.题目十五题目十六16. Explain the concept of money laundering and the measures banks can take to prevent it.题目十七题目十八题目十九19. Describe the process of issuing and managing credit cards.题目二十20. Explain the concept of financial risk management and its importance for banks.以上是银行招聘考试英语题集的题目，希望对您的备考有所帮助。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
经济学名词解释大全汇总1.绝对优势（Absolute advantage）如果一个国家用一单位资源生产的某种产品比另一个国家多，那么，这个国家在这种产品的生产上与另一国相比就具有绝对优势。
2.逆向选择（Adverse choice）在此状况下，保险公司发现它们的客户中有太大的一部分来自高风险群体。
3.选择成本（Alternative cost）如果以最好的另一种方式使用的某种资源，它所能生产的价值就是选择成本，也可以称之为机会成本。
4.需求的弧弹性（Arc elasticity of demand）如果P1 和Q1 分别是价格和需求量的初始值，P2 和Q2 为第二组值，那么，弧弹性就等于-（Q1-Q2）（P1＋P2）/（P1-P2）（Q1＋Q2）5.非对称的信息（Asymmetric information）在某些市场中，每个参与者拥有的信息并不相同。
例如，在旧车市场上，有关旧车质量的信息，卖者通常要比潜在的买者知道得多。
6.平均成本（Average cost）平均成本是总成本除以产量。
也称为平均总成本。
7.平均固定成本( Average fixed cost）平均固定成本是总固定成本除以产量。
8.平均产品（Average product）平均产品是总产量除以投入品的数量。
9.平均可变成本（Average variable cost）平均可变成本是总可变成本除以产量。
10.投资的β(Beta）β度量的是与投资相联的不可分散的风险。
对于一种股票而言，它表示所有现行股票的收益发生变化时，一种股票的收益会如何敏感地变化。
11.债券收益(Bond yield）债券收益是债券所获得的利率。
12.收支平衡图（Break－even chart）收支平衡图表示一种产品所出售的总数量改变时总收益和总成本是如何变化的。
收支平衡点是为避免损失而必须卖出的最小数量。
13.预算线(Budget line）预算线表示消费者所能购买的商品X 和商品Y 的数量的全部组合。
它的斜率等于商品X 的价格除以商品Y 的价格再乘以一1。
14.捆绑销售（Bundling）捆绑销售指这样一种市场营销手段，出售两种产品的厂商，要求购买其中一种产品的客户，也要购买另一种产品。
15.资本（Capital）资本是指用于生产、销售及商品和服务分配的设备、厂房、存货、原材料和其他非人力生产资源。
16.资本收益（Capital gain）资本收益是指人们卖出股票（或其他资产）时所获得的超过原来为它支付的那一部分。
17.资本主义（Capitalism）资本主义是一种市场体系，它依赖价格体系去解决基本的经济问题：生产什么？如何生产？怎样分配？经济增长率应为多少？18.基数效用(Cardinal utility）基数效用是指像个人的体重或身高那样在基数的意义上可以度量的效用（它意味着效用之间的差别，即边际效用，是有意义的）。
序数效用与它相反，它只在序数的层面上才有意义。
19.卡特尔（Cartel）卡特尔是指厂商之间为了合谋而签订公开和正式协议这样一种市场结构形态。
20.科布一道格拉斯生产函数是指这样的生产函数Q=AL“IK”2Mi3。
式中，Q 为产量；L 为劳动的数量；K 为资本的数量；M 为原材料的数量；A，31，12，23 均为常数。
21.勾结（Collision）勾结是指一个厂商和同业内其他的厂商签订有关价格、产量和其他事宜的协议。
22.比较优势（Comparative advantage）如果与生产其他商品的成本相比，一个国家生产的某种产品的成本比另一个国家低，那么，该国就在这种商品的生产上与另一个国家相比具有比较优势。
23.互补品（Complements）如果X 和Y 是互补品，X 的需求量就与Y 的价格成反向变化。
24.成本不变行业（Constant-cost industry）成本不变的行业是指具有水平的长期供给曲线的行业，它的扩大并不会引起投入品价格的上升或下降。
25.规模收益不变（Constant returns to scale）如果所有投入品的数量都以相同的百分数增加，并导致产量也以相同的百分数增加，就是规模收益不变的。
26.消费者剩余（Consumer surplus）消费者剩余是指消费者愿意为某种商品或服务所支付的最大数量与他实际支付的数量之差。
27.可竞争市场（Contestable market）可竞争市场是指那种进入完全自由以及退出没有成本的市场。
可竞争市场的本质在于它们很容易受到打了就跑的进入者的伤害。
28.契约曲线（Contract curve）契约曲线是（在消费者之间进行交换时）两个消费者的边际替代率相等的点的轨迹，或者（在生产者之间进行交换时）两个生产者的边际技术替代率相等的点的轨迹。
29.角点解（Corner solution）角点解是指这样一种情形，预算线在位于坐标轴上的点处达到最高的可获得的30.需求的交叉弹性（Cross elasticity of demand）需求的交叉弹性是指商品Y 的价格发生1％的变化时所引起的商品X 的需求量变化的百分比。
31.垄断的无谓损失（Deadweight loss of monopoly）如果一个完全竞争的市场转变为一个垄断的市场，这种转变所带来的总剩余的减少就是无谓损失。
32.买方垄断的无谓损失（Deadweight loss of monopsony）如果一个完全竞争的市场转变成一个买方垄断的市场，这种转变所带来的总剩余的减少即为无谓损失。
33.成本递减行业（Decreasing-cost industry）成本递减行业是指具有向下倾斜的长期供给曲线的行业，它的扩大会引起平均成本下降。
34.规模收益递减（Decreasing return to scale）如果所有投入品的数量都以相同的百分数增加，并导致产量增加的百分数小于该百分数，就是规模收益递减的。
35.需求曲线（Demand curve）需求曲线表示在每一价格下所需求的商品数量。
36.可贷资金的需求曲线（Demand curve of loanable funds）可贷资金的需求曲线表示可贷资金的需求量与利率二者之间的关系。
37.贴现率（Discount rate）当利率用于计算投资的净现值时，它被称为贴现率。
38.可分散风险(Diversifiable risk）可以通过多样化来避免的风险是可分散风险。
39.主导厂商（Dominant firm）在寡头垄断的行业中，主导厂商是一个制定价格的大型厂商，它允许该行业中的小厂商在此价格下销售它们想出售的全部数量的商品。
40.优势策略（Dominant strategy）不论其他局中人采取什么策略，优势策略对一个局中人而言都是最好的策略。
41.双头垄断（Duopoly)双头垄断是指有两个卖主这样一种市场结构。
古诺模型，以及其他模型中都涉及双头垄断。
42.经济效率（Economic efficiency）经济效率是指这样一种状况，所进行的任何改变都不会给任何人带来损失而能增加一些人的福利。
这样一种状态就是经济的有效率状况（或者帕累托效率或帕累托最优）。
43.经济利润（Economic profit）经济利润是指厂商的收益与它的成本之差，后者包括从最有利的另外一种厂商资源的使用中可以获得的收益。
44.生产的经济区域（Economic region of production）生产的经济区域是指等产量线斜率为负的投入品组合。
没有一个厂商会在等产量线斜率为正的点上运行，因为在这种点上总会有一种投入品的边际产品为负。
45.经济资源（Economic resource）经济资源是指一种稀缺的、要求一个非零价格的资源。
46.范围经济（Economies of scope）范围经济是指由厂商的范围而非规模带来的经济。
只要把两种或更多的产品合并在一起生产比分开来生产的成本要低，就会存在范围经济。
47.有效市场假说（Efficient markets hypothesis）根据这一假设，投资者在买卖股票时会迅速有效地利用可能的信息.所有已知的影响一种股票价格的因素都已经反映在股票的价格中，因此根据这一理论，股票的技术分析是无效的。
（这个假设有三种形式。
）48.财富状况（Endowment position）财富状况是指消费者每年的收人。
49.恩格尔曲线（Engel curve）恩格尔曲线反映的是所购买的一种商品的均衡数量与消费者收入水平之间的关系。
它是以19 世纪德国的统计学家恩斯特·恩格尔的名字命名的。
50.均衡（Equilibrium）均衡是指没有任何变化趋势的状态。
例如，均衡价格就是一种能够维持的价格。
51.过剩生产能力（Excess capacity）过剩生产能力是指成本最低产量与长期均衡中的实际产量之差。
垄52.断竞争理论有一个著名的且颇有争论的结论，它认为这种市场结构之下的厂商往往会在还有过剩生产能力的情况下进行生产。
53.扩张路径( Expansion path）扩张路径是指与各种产量相对应的等产量线与等成本线相切的点的轨迹。
（所有投入品都是可变的。
）54.期望货币价值（Expected monetary vale）为了确定一项投机的期望货币价值，计算每一种可能出现的结果的货币收益（或损失）与其出现的概率相乘以后的和。
55.预期利润（Expected profit）预期利润就是长期的平均利润值，也就是用所出现的概率加权以后的各种可能的利润水平之和。
56.完全信息的预期价值（Expected value of perfect information）完全信息的预期价值是指决策者获得完全信息所导致的预期的货币价值的增加。
它是决策者为获得完全的信息而能支付的最大数量。
57.显成本（Explicit costs）显成本是指账目上所包括的厂商的正常费用，诸如工资成本和原材料支付。
58.外部不经济（External diseconomy）外部不经济是指由于消费或者其他人和厂商的产出所引起的一个人或厂商无法补偿的成本。
59.外部经济（External economy）外部经济是指由于消费或者其他人和厂商的产出所引起的一个人或厂商无法索取的收益。
60.先动优势（First-mover advantages）先动优势是由于在博弈中第一个采取行动的局中人所拥有的优势。
61.固定成本（Fixed cost）固定成本为每个时期不变投入品的总成本。
62.不变投人品（FIXed input）不变投入品是指生产过程中所使用的（如厂房和设备）、在考察的期间数量不变的资源。
63.自由资源（Free resource)自由资源是指特别富裕以致在零价格就可以获得的资源。