专业英语复习提纲
英语复习提纲
模具专业英语复习提纲一、平时成绩：考勤+课文P113 Lathe Chuck 整篇翻译(结合翻译软件，然后修正词汇含义，调整语句顺序，直译即可，要求语句通顺，意思清楚)；二、考试范围：Lesson 1，Lesson 5，Lesson 12 ，Lesson 15 ，Lesson 23 ，Lesson 27；三、复习技巧：1、每篇文章先将中文理解清楚，然后中英文对照熟练阅读。
2、课文后的单词要看熟，起码要做到看到英文单词知道它的意思，或者知道在哪篇课文里。
3、每篇课文后典型句子的翻译要理解清楚。
4、每篇课文后的问题每个都要会回答，知道在课文中的位置。
5、结合课文复习提纲，把英文内容熟练掌握。
6、Lathe Chuck 整篇务必翻译详细，并理解清楚，一定要在考试之前完成并上交。
四、课文复习提纲课文课后所有习题Lesson 1 Tool Materials1、工具材料的选择2、工具材料的分类及所属类常见材料3、材料的物理性能和力学性能，所属性能包含的具体对象4、工具钢的功能、特点Lesson 5 Jig and Fixture Design1、钻模的定义和分类2、设计夹具应考虑的因素3、夹具的功能4、钻模和夹具的不同点Lesson 12 Compression Molding for Plastics1、塑料压缩模的工作过程2、塑料压缩模的分类及所属类型的特点Lesson 15 Forging Dies1、锻造工艺加工的类型2、锻件的力学特性和具备该优良力学特性的原因3、锻造工艺的类型及所属类型的特点Lesson 23 The Computer in Die Design1、CAD的常见解释2、CAD两种解释的具体描述3、CAD的组成4、CAD的发展过程，含发展过程中影响发展的软硬件Lesson 27 Rapid Protyping and Manufacruting1、快速成型的定义2、快速成型的相关技术3、快速成型的一般工作过程4、应用快速成型的优点5、光固化成型（SL）的工作过程五、试卷结构1、填空（28%）：10小题2、名词解释（12%）3小题3、简答（30%）5小题主要从课后习题提炼4、翻译（15%）5小题一部分从上课补充的句子提炼，一部分课本原句，一部分课外5、阅读理解（15%）5小题考试类型：开卷考，可以带字典，文曲星！温馨提示：考试有难度，及格需用心。
考研英语语法重点复习提纲
考研英语语法重点复习提纲大家好，今天我们来聊一聊考研英语语法的重点复习提纲。
考研英语是许多考生心中的一座大山，而语法部分更是众多考生头疼的难题之一。
但是，只要掌握了重点，有条不紊地复习，相信大家一定能在考试中游刃有余。
接下来，让我们一起来看看英语语法的重点复习提纲。
一、名词在考研英语中，名词是一个非常基础但又十分重要的语法知识点。
名词的单复数变化、所有格的构成、不可数名词的用法等都是考试中常考的内容。
因此，在复习名词时，要特别注意这些细节。
二、代词代词也是一个需要重点复习的部分。
包括人称代词、物主代词、指示代词等各种类型的代词，在句子中起着承上启下的作用，是连接句子、段落的纽带，因此掌握代词的用法是非常重要的。
三、动词动词作为句子的核心，承担着表达行为和状态的重要作用。
在考研英语中，动词的时态、语态、语气等方面的考查是比较常见的。
因此，复习时要重点关注这些内容，做到举一反三，灵活运用。
四、形容词与副词形容词和副词在句子中用来修饰名词或动词，起着描述和补充信息的作用。
在考研英语中，形容词和副词的级比较、修饰位置等问题经常被考察。
因此，在复习这部分知识时，要注意掌握其用法和变化规律。
五、介词介词是连接词和短语的重要成分，在句子中承担着表示时间、地点、方式等关系的作用。
在考研英语中，介词的搭配和固定搭配是经常被考查的内容，因此复习时要注意积累常见的介词搭配，提高应用能力。
六、连词连词用来连接句子成分，承上启下，使句子结构更加丰富多样。
在考研英语中，连词的种类和用法繁多，需要考生们多加注意。
熟练掌握各种连词的使用方法，可以帮助提高句子的连贯性和逻辑性。
七、句子结构句子结构在考研英语中扮演着非常重要的角色，是考查考生语法知识掌握程度的关键之一。
从简单句到复杂句，再到长难句，复习时要逐步深入，多加练习，提高自己的句子构建能力。
考研英语语法复习虽然有许多难点和细节需要注意，但只要我们有条不紊地学习，掌握重点，灵活运用，相信大家一定能取得优异的成绩。
材料科学与工程材料专业英语期末考试复习提纲及答案
常用元素及化合物Hydrogen H氢Lithium Li锂Sodium Na钠Potassium K钾Magnesium Mg镁Calcium Ca钙Aluminum Al铝Carbon C碳Silicon Si硅Tin Sn锡Lead Pb铅Copper Cu铜Zinc Zn锌Mercury Hg汞Nitrogen N氮Phosphorus P磷Oxygen O氧Sulfur S硫Fluorine F氟Chlorine Cl氯Neon Ne氖Argon Ar氩Iron Fe铁Manganese Mn锰Bromine Br溴Silver Ag银Gold Au金常见二元化合物常见的二元化合物有卤化物，氧化物，硫化物，氮化物，磷化物，碳化物，金属氢化物等，命名时需要使用后缀-ide，如：fluoride，chloride，bromide，iodide，oxide，sulfide，nitride，phosphide，carbide，hydride；OH-的名称也是用后缀-ide：hydroxide。
非最低价的二元化合物还要加前缀，如O22-：peroxide，O2-：superoxide。
举例：NaF：sodium fluoride，AlCl3：aluminium chloride，Mg2N3：magnesium nitride，Ag2S：silver sulfide，CaC2：calcium carbide，Fe(OH)2：iron(II) hydroxide。
基本的盐正盐：根据化学式从左往右分别读出阳离子和阴离子的名称。
如FeSO4：iron(II)sulfate，KMnO4：potassium permanganate。
酸式盐：同正盐的读法，酸根中的Ｈ读做hydrogen，氢原子的个数用前缀表示。
如NaHCO3:sodium hydrogen carbonate，NaH2PO3:sodium dihydrogen phosphate。
英语专业综合教程复习提纲Unit6~14
1. demanding jobs= jobs needing a lot of attention or effort 费力的工作2. with regard to = in connection with; on the subject of 关于，至于3. stigma =sign of shame; feeling of being ashamed 耻辱，受到侮辱4. give-and-take =willingness of each person to satisfy others’ wishes妥协，互让5. declined = decreased6. sibling jealousy = the feeling of wanting to get what sb else has among brothers and sisters__________________________________________________________________1. She is famous for her advocacy of human rights. (advocate)2. When the time for parting came, he shook hands with everyone respectfully. (respect)3. It is estimated that China has enormous potential for economic development in the comingyear. (potentially)4. The job of a surveyor is to examine the condition of a building, or to measure and record thedetails of an area of land. (survey)5. The British Air Force succeeded despite overwhelming odds against them. (overwhelm)6. The association between the two companies dates back to the last century. (associate)7. There is no English equivalent for “bon appetite,” so we have adopted the French expression.(equivalence)8. I thought his remark was highly inappropriate, given the circumstances. (appropriate)____________________________________________________________________1.advocate (v.) 提倡，主张，拥护advocation (n.)拥护，支持，辩护advocator (n.)提倡者，拥护者advocatory (a.)拥护者的，有关拥护者的advocacy (n.)拥护，主张，辩护2. respect (v.) 尊敬，尊重；遵守respectable (a.) 人格高尚的，值得尊敬的respectful (a.)恭敬的，礼貌的 respective (a.)分别的，各自的3. potential (n.) 可能性，潜能potent (adj.) 有效的，强有力的，有权势的4. survey（v.）监督，监视surveillance (n.) 监督，监视surveyor (n.) 测量员，检验员5. overwhelm (v.) 压倒，淹没，受打击overwhelming (adj.) 压倒性的，势不可挡的overwhelmingly (adv.) 压倒性地，不可抵抗地6. associate（v.）结交，交往association (n.) 协会，联盟，社团associative (adj.) 联合的，联想的，组合的associator (n.) 社员，伙伴，会员7. equal (adj.) 相等的，胜任的，平等的equality (n.) 平等，相等equation (n.) 等式，方程式equivalent (adj.) 相等的，等价的，同意义的 equivalence (n.) 等值，相等8. appropriate ( adj.) 适当的appropriately (adv.) 适当地inappropriate (adj.) 不适当的，不相称的_________________________________________________________________________1．让她感到为难的是，要不要把丈夫得了不治之症的真相告诉他。
英语复习提纲
英语复习提纲英语是一门全球通用的语言，在现代社会中具有重要的地位。
无论是学术研究、国际交流还是职业发展，掌握英语都是必不可少的。
然而，由于时间和精力的限制，我们需要有一个系统的复习提纲来帮助我们高效地学习英语。
本文将提供一个全面的英语复习提纲，以帮助读者制定合理的学习计划。
一、听力理解听力是英语学习的基础，也是日常交流中必不可少的技能。
为了提高听力能力，我们可以采取以下措施：1. 听英语广播和新闻：通过听英语广播和新闻，我们可以提高对英语语音和语调的理解能力，同时了解国际事务和文化。
2. 听英语歌曲和电影：通过欣赏英语歌曲和电影，我们可以提高对英语的敏感度和理解能力，同时学习地道的口语表达。
3. 听英语教材和录音：通过听英语教材和录音，我们可以熟悉各种语法结构和词汇用法，同时提高听力的速度和准确性。
二、口语表达口语是英语学习的重要组成部分，也是与他人交流的主要方式。
为了提高口语表达能力，我们可以采取以下措施：1. 多与他人交流：与他人交流是提高口语表达能力的最有效方法。
可以通过参加英语角、与外国友人交流或者参加语言交流活动来提高口语表达能力。
2. 多模仿和练习：通过模仿和练习，我们可以提高语音和语调的准确性，同时学习地道的口语表达。
3. 创造语境：通过创造语境，我们可以提高对不同场景下口语表达的适应能力。
可以通过角色扮演、口语训练等方式来提高口语表达能力。
三、阅读理解阅读是英语学习中提高词汇量和语法理解能力的重要途径。
为了提高阅读理解能力，我们可以采取以下措施：1. 阅读英语报纸和杂志：通过阅读英语报纸和杂志，我们可以了解国际时事和文化，同时提高阅读理解能力。
2. 阅读英语小说和故事：通过阅读英语小说和故事，我们可以提高对不同文学风格和表达方式的理解能力，同时扩大词汇量。
3. 阅读英语教材和练习册：通过阅读英语教材和练习册，我们可以系统地学习和巩固各种语法结构和词汇用法，同时提高阅读速度和准确性。
专业英 复习提纲(翻译后)
A It is the process by which vehicle insures determine whether or not to insure an individual and what insurance premium to charge .机动车保险决定是否给个人保险或索要什么保险费。
Depending on the insurance premium can be either mandated by the government or determined by the insurance company in accordance to a framework of regulation set by the government.依靠保险费要么可以得到政府的授权，要么由保险公司按照政府的章程框架来决定，Often,the insurer will have more freedom to set the price on physical damage coverage than on mandatory liability coverages.通常保险公司有更多的自由决定身体损伤保险的价格，而不是执行强制的责任保险。
B Pays the insured’s collision deductible during a hit and run or when the at-fault party is uninsured when the policy holder is able to identify the at-fault party 在碰撞中和赛跑中，或者错误的一方没有保险的情况下，只要投保人能确定肇事方，保险公司就可减免付给投保人的碰撞事故。
C The act of maintaining an insurance policy beyond date of completion维持保险策略的法案超过完成日期D In most states,moving violations ,including running red lights and speeding , assess points on a driver’s driving record . 在大多数的州，闯红灯、超速等违法交通规则的行为会在驾驶员的驾驶记录上留下标记。
中专英语考试大纲及复习要点
中专英语考试大纲及复习要点关键信息项1、考试范围词汇语法听力阅读写作2、考试形式笔试口试（如有）考试时间题型分布3、复习资料教材辅导书在线学习资源4、评分标准各部分分值比例及格线优秀标准11 考试范围111 词汇掌握约 2000 个常用单词和一定数量的短语及习惯用语，能够正确拼写、理解其词义，并能在不同语境中正确运用。
112 语法系统掌握英语语法知识，包括名词、代词、形容词、副词、动词、时态、语态、非谓语动词、虚拟语气、定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句等。
113 听力能听懂日常交际中的简单对话和独白，理解主旨大意，获取关键信息，如时间、地点、人物、事件等。
114 阅读能够读懂一般性的文章，包括记叙文、说明文、议论文等，理解文章的主旨大意、细节信息、推理判断、作者观点等。
115 写作能根据所给题目或提示，用英语写一篇不少于 100 词的短文，内容连贯，语法正确，表达清晰。
12 考试形式121 笔试考试时间为具体时长，采用闭卷形式。
题型包括单项选择题、完形填空题、阅读理解题、翻译题、写作题等。
122 口试（如有）考查学生的口语表达能力，包括发音、语调、流利度、准确性等。
形式可能为对话、短文朗读、口头作文等。
13 复习资料131 教材以学校指定的中专英语教材为主要复习依据，全面掌握教材中的知识点和例句。
132 辅导书推荐使用权威的英语辅导书，如辅导书名 1、辅导书名 2等，进行针对性的练习和强化。
133 在线学习资源利用在线英语学习平台，如平台名 1、平台名 2等，获取丰富的学习资料、模拟试题和听力练习。
14 评分标准141 各部分分值比例词汇和语法约占X%，听力约占X%，阅读约占X%，写作约占X%。
142 及格线总分为具体分数，及格分数为具体分数。
143 优秀标准总分达到具体分数及以上为优秀。
21 词汇复习要点制定合理的词汇学习计划，每天背诵一定数量的单词。
通过单词卡片、记忆软件等方式加强记忆。
注重词汇的词性、词义、搭配和用法，结合例句进行理解和记忆。
城市轨道交通专业英语复习
城市轨道交通专业英语复习提纲考试题型：①英汉互译②选择题（10题）③英译汉④汉译英⑤作文一、词汇Aaccess to platforms 站台入口additional coach 加挂列车additional train 加开列车arrival and departure siding 到发线assistant driver/motorman 副司机assistant station master 副站长ATC signal 列车自动控制信号automatic door operation 自动开关车门automatic train control （ATC）列车自动控制automatic train operation （ATO）列车自动运行，列车自动驾驶Bbaggage office/room 行李房ballast 道砟，道床berth ticket 卧铺车票boarding gate 检票口box car/wagon 棚车Ccab 司机室，驾驶室carriage with cushioned berths 软卧车carriage with cushioned seats 软坐车carriage with hard seats 硬座车carriage with semi-cushioned berths 硬卧车check ticket 检票，查票chief conductor 列车长chief dispatcher 调度长city railway 城市铁路coach NO.6 六号车厢consist 列车编组顺序表【美】；车列【美】container 集装箱crew 乘务组；乘务人员crew car 宿营车crew member/man乘务人员crew room 乘务员室Ddining-car 餐车direct train 直达车down direction 下行方向Eelectric multiple-unit（EMU）电动车组emergency braking 紧急制动entrance 入口，进站口exit 出口，出站口express ticket 特快车票Ggrade crossing 平面交叉；平交道口，道口【美】guests’waiting-room 贵宾候车室Hhead driver=head engineer 司机长heavy rail 重轨high-speed intercity train 高速城际列车hump 驼峰hump yard 驼峰调车场Iinformation bureau 问讯处【美】in transfer to 中转到issuing station 售票站Llevel crossing 平面交叉，平交道口light rail 轻轨locomotive 机车locomotive depot 机务段long-distance passenger train 长途旅客列车lower berth 下铺luggage office=baggage office 行李房，行李托运处luggage storage service 行李寄存处Mmaglev（magnetically levitated）train 磁悬浮列车main-line coach 干线客车maintenance维修，保养metro 地铁middle berth 中铺monorail 单轨铁路Ppassenger service 客运passenger station 客运站people mover 小型快速交通系统personal rapid transit system小型快速交通系统pick-up goods train 摘挂列车platform 站台points 道岔Rrailway signaling 铁路信号railway station 火车站railway transport/transportation 铁路运输rapid transit 快速交通系统reception and departure of trains 接发列车refund of ticket 退票rolling stock 机车车辆总称round-the-clock service 昼夜服务round-trip fare 往返票价Sservice charge 手续费Service Counter 服务台station attendant 车站服务员station facilities 车站设备Station Master 站长station operator 车站值班员straddle monorail 跨骑式单轨铁路suspended monorail 悬挂式单轨铁路Tterminal 终点站；枢纽ticket office=booking office=reservation office 售票处ticket valid 车票有效期time interval 时间间隔to endorse ticket 签票TOFC（trailer on flat car）平车装运的集装箱挂车tunnel 隧道；地道Uunclaimed baggage 无人认领行李underground 地铁unmanned crossing=unstaffed level crossing 无人看守道口up direction 上行方向upper berth 上铺Vvehicle 车辆；运输工具Wwaiting room 候车室waiting-room for soft seat passengers 软席候车室二、选择题Unit 21、The dictionary definition of a train is a long line of vehicles traveling in （C）direction.A、differentB、leftC、the sameD、right2、A maglev train floats about（A）mm above the guideway on a magnetic field.A、10B、11C、9D、83、Because there are no wheels running along there is no wheel（B）.A、maintenanceB、noiseC、disturbanceD、resistance4、Of the 5,000 km that TGV trains serve in France，only about （C）km is high speed line.A、1,000B、1,100C、1,200D、1,3005、The vast majority of resistive force at high speed is（A）resistance.A、airB、frictionC、electricityD、heatUnit101、A rapid transit usually has high capacity and frequency，with large trains and total or near total（C）separation from other traffic. A、level B、part C、grade D、whole2、Power is commonly supplied by means of a single live third rail at（A）volts.A、600 to 750B、700 to 850C、500 to 650D、800 to 950 3、Metro systems generally use（B）power.A、ACB、DCC、overheadD、return4、Rubber tires system is much （A）than conventional steel-wheeled trains.A、quieterB、noisierC、largerD、smaller5、Some cities with steep hills incorporate（C）railway technologies into their metros.A、undergroundB、suspendedC、mountainD、conventionalUnit141、（A）is a station sited where a railway line ends or terminates.A、A terminusB、An interchangeC、A unionD、A depot2、A（C）is a stopping place that may not even have platform.A、taxi rankB、bus bayC、haltD、pub3、Some stations have unusual platform layouts,due to space constraints of the station location,or the （D）of the railway lines.A、curveB、elevationC、parallelD、alignment4、Considerrations for people with disabilities include elevator or （A）access to all platforms,matching platform height to train floors,etc.A、rampB、humpC、campD、lamp5、There are safety measures for disabled people,such as（B）markingof platform edges and covering of third rail.A、audibleB、tactileC、tastefulD、smellyUnit161、Propulsion for the train is typically provded by a separate locomotive,or from individual motors in self-prolled（B）.A、single unitB、multiple unitC、double unitsD、triple units2、A train hauled by two locomotive is said to be（A）.A、double-headedB、single-headedC、triple-headedD、multiple-headed3、Special trains are also used for track maintenance,this is called （C）.A、RPOB、TPOC、MOWD、TOFC4、Tilting is a system where the passenger cars automatically（A）into curves,reducing the centrifugal forces.A、leanB、goC、moveD、run5、The trains are electrically powered,usually by（B）rail.A、firstB、secondC、thirdD、fourth三、对话A:Are you a conductor? 你是列车员吗？B:No,I am a station attendant. 不，我是车站服务员。
专业英语复习提纲
有重复的，没有挑选。
1、计算机支持的协作学习（CSCL）Computer Supported Collaborative/Cooperative Learning2、视听教学 Audiovisual Education3、教育信息化 Educational Informationization4、信息技术与课程整合 Integrating Information Technology into Curriculum5、远程教育 Distance Education6、学习社区 Learning Community7、网络教学 web-based Instruction8、媒体素养 Media Literacy9、在线交流 Online Interaction10、教学策略 Instructional Strategies/Strategy（二）请将下列专业术语翻译成汉语1、sensormotor stage 感知运算阶段2、rote learning 机械学习3、Mastery Learning 掌握学习4、Mass Instruction 集体教学5、Zone of Proximal Development 最近发展区6、Formative Evaluation 形成性评价7、Assimilation and Accommodation 同化与顺应8、Correspondence Course 函授课程9、Transfer of Learning 学习迁移10、Courseware on Demand 课件点播1、认知心理学 Cognitive Psychology 学习目标 Learning Objective2、标准参照测验 Criterion-referenced test3、视听教学 Audiovisual Instruction4、5、发现学习 Discovery learning6、程序教学 Programmed instruction7、言语信息 Verbal Information8、信息素养 Information literacy9、计算机支持的协作学习CSCL Computer Supported Collaborative/Cooperative Learning10、学习环境 Learning Environment（二）请将下列专业术语翻译成汉语1、Transfer of Learning 学习迁移2、Constructivism 建构主义3、EPSS（Electronic Performance Support System）电子绩效支持系统4、Independent Learning 自主学习 /独立式学习5、Zone of Proximal Development 最近发展区6、Role Playing 角色扮演法7、Multi-intelligence Theory 多元智能理论8、Component Display Theory（CDT）成分展示理论9、Motor Skills 动作技能10、Artificial Intelligence 人工智能1、先行组织者 advanced organizer（2分）2、认知结构 cognitive structure （2分）3、常模参照测验 normal-referenced test（2分）4、基于探究的学习 inquiry-based learning（2分）5、教学策略 instructional strategies/strategy （2分）6、学习共同体(COL) the commonwealth of learning （2分）7、虚拟现实 virtual reality（2分）8、信息素养 information literacy（2分）9、计算机支持的协作学习Computer Supported Collaborative/Cooperative Learning（2分）10、学习需求分析 analysis of learning needs（2分）1、Field-independent 场独立（2分）2、Entry Behavior 初始能力/行为（2分）3、Mastery Learning 掌握学习（2分）4、Correspondence Course 函授课程（2分）5、Zone of Proximal Development 最近发展区（2分）6、CMC(Computer Mediated Communication) 基于计算机的通信/计算机媒介通信（2分）7、Multi-intelligence Theory 多元智能理论（2分）8、Component Display Theory（CDT）成分展示/显示理论（2分）9、Anchored Instruction 锚定式教学/抛锚式教学（2分）10、Cone of Experience 经验之塔（2分）5、认知心理学 Cognitive Psychology 学习目标 Learning Objective6、标准参照测验 Ccriterion-referenced test视听教学 Audiovisual Instruction5、发现学习 Discovery learning6、程序教学 Programmed instruction7、言语信息 Verbal Information8、信息素养 Information literacy9、计算机支持的协作学习CSCL Computer Supported Collaborative/Cooperative Learning10、学习环境 Learning Environment（二）请将下列专业术语翻译成汉语1、Objectives-Oriented Instruction 目标导向教学2、Constructivism 建构主义3、EPSS（Electronic Performance Support System）电子绩效支持系统4、Independent Learning 自主学习 /独立式学习5、Zone of Proximal Development 最近发展区6、Role Playing 角色扮演法7、Multi-intelligence Theory 多元智能理论8、Component Display Theory（CDT）成分展示理论9、Motor Skills 动作技能10、Artificial Intelligence 人工智能二、名词解释（每题5分，共10分）1、Information literacy refers to the ability to access and use a variety of information sources to solve an information need.2. Instructional Design is the systematic development of instructional specifications using learning and instructional theory to ensure the quality of instruction.3.AECT94.04 定义一、教育技术AECT94定义: 是为了促进学习对有关资源与过程进行设计,开发,利用,管理和评价的理论与实践.Instructional technology is the theory and practice of design．development．utilization,management and evaluation of processes and resources for learningEducational Technology is the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance by creating, using, and managing appropriate technological processes and resources.（04）三、短文翻译（英译汉）30分1.The following material is about Gerlach and Ely Model , Please translate into Chinese.The Gerlach and Ely Model emphasize the simultaneous identification of content and objectives prior to assessing any student behaviors. “Recognize that many teachers first think about instruction from the standpoint of content.” Teachers are often expected to design instruction to meet a specific assigned curriculum and use existing materials.The design and development of the instruction are completed together as an ongoing process. The steps are not necessarily progressive. Evaluation of performance enables the instructor to assess whether the instruction was successful and if the learning objectives were met. Finally the analysis of feedback allows the designer to make any necessary changes to the design.There is some discussion as to whether the model is more appropriate for novice or more experienced designers. A novice model can allow teachers to use materials already in existence and not truly allowing for “change” within the system. However as an expert model, it is used within a specific context and allows for selecting and including media within instruction, when the content and /or other materials are provided. This approach suggests that the selection process is intense and requires expert knowledge of the needs of the students.2、The following material is about the process of communication , Please translate into Chinese.To gain a more complete overview of what take place when people engage in an cat of communication, let us first analyze the process in terms of six specific stages that take place in the following order:1.the act of human communication begins with a sender, who decides to initiate a message witha specific set of intended meanings2.the sender then encodes the intended meanings by selecting specific words and gestures that receiver will presumably understand.3.The message is then transmitted—spoken or written—so as to cross the space between sender and receiver.4.The receiver, the individual to whom the message is directed, attends to and perceives the incoming message as a specific pattern of symbols.5.The receiver then decodes the message by constructing his or her own interpretations of meanings of the symbols6.As a result of interpreting the message, the receiver is influenced in some way. That is, the meaning of the communication has some effect.This is a basic linear model of human communication. It is obvious that such a model greatly oversimplifies the process. However, its value is that it permits us to understand each of the stages represented.Look at in this somewhat artificial way, the communicative act begins, goes through the stages and then stops, like a tape recorder being turned on and off. In reality, the conversations that we engage in with people around us are much more complex.. Most face-to-face human conversations are transactional in that each person encodes and decodes messages at the some time and is alert to all kinds of cues from the other person.. Many factors influence the process. What has already been said plays a key part in what comes next. In addition, the meanings constructed by each party are influenced by the relationship between sender and receiver.Moreover, the sociocultural situation and even the physical surroundings can influence the meanings constructed by both parties.In spite of its simplicity and obvious limitations, the basic linear model is useful for analyzing the communication process, breaking it down into its distinct stages so as to understand what happens at each.1.The following material is about Gagné’s theory of instruction , Please translate into Chinese.Gagnéproposed an integrated and comprehensive theory of instruction that is primarily on two foundations :cognitive information processing theory and Gagné’s own observations of effective teaching in the classroom.As it evolved, then , Gagné’s theory of instruction came to comprise three components:(1) a taxonomy of learning outcomes that defined the types of capabilities humans can learn;(2) internal and external learning conditions associated with the acquisition of each category of learning outcome;(3) nine events of instruction that each facilitates a specific cognitive process during learning.According to Gagné,there are five major categories of learning ,they are verbal information, intellectual skill, cognitive strategies, attitudes, motor skill.The reason for defining different categories of learning outcomes stems from the assumption that they must all require different conditions for learning. In addition to conditions of learning that are unique to each learning outcome, there are conditions of learning which facilitate the process of learning in general. Gagné conceived of the nine events of instruction as learning conditions to support internal processes such as attention, encoding and retrieval.The events of instruction are:1)Gaining attention, 2)Informing the learner of the objective,3)Stimulating recall of prior learning, 4)Presenting the stimulus, 5)Providing learning guidance, 6)Eliciting performance, 7)Providing feedback, 8)Assessing performance, 9)Enhancing retention and transfer.2.The fo加涅基于认知信息加工理论和自己在课堂上对有效教学的观察提出一整套综合性的教学理论。
大学英语专科复习提纲
大学英语专科复习提纲一、语音知识（5分）2012年成人高考辅导书第9—10页二、词汇与语法知识（30分）大学英语精读1 第123—125页大学英语精读1 第263—265页三、词汇填空（10分）大学英语精读1 第一单元第4页acquaintance 第4页environment大学英语精读1 第二单元第27页accomplish 第27页nightmare大学英语精读1 第三单元第49页primary 第49页mayor大学英语精读1 第四单元第71页current 第71页divorce大学英语精读1 第五单元第96页manuscript 第97页contract大学英语精读1 第六单元第131页bureau 第132页bachelor大学英语精读1 第七单元第157页privilege 第158页benevolence 大学英语精读1 第八单元第182页critical 第182页mirror大学英语精读1 第九单元第209页astronomer 第209页atmosphere大学英语精读1 第十单元第233页folklore 第234 页snapshot四、完形填空（10分）大学英语精读1第265—267页大学英语精读1第125—127页五、阅读理解（30分）大学英语精读1 第118—123页大学英语精读1 第257—263页六、书面表达（15分）1. 阅读One of the most popular hobbies among people is reading books. Many people of different ages, sexes and professions prefer spending their pastime in reading books though the books they are interested in vary from one person to another.Why is reading favored so much? For one thing, just as a saying goes, books are the source of wisdom. Through reading books, we may acquire much knowledge about nature, society, ourselves and many other things. And for the other, books may enrich our life experiences. Sometimes, we may find our routine life monotonous. While reading, we may share the colorful life of heroes and heroines; we may share their agonies, joys and happiness.In a word, we can derive a lot of valuable things. It would be unimaginable if we are deprived of books. Reading books is essential to our spiritual elevation as well as the expansion of our knowledge.2. 节制饮食With the development of social economy, people pay more and more attention to their health and going on a diet becomes extremely popular. It keeps people from growing too fat and saves them from many inconveniences and diseases related to fatness. At the same time, it provides people with sufficient nutrition to keep them in a fit condition. Besides its good effects on people’s health, going on a diet can also help many young girls become slim and bring their dream into reality.However, if carried too far, going on a diet could become extremely dangerous. It often happens in the cases of some young girls. With all their eagerness to have a beautiful figure, they will even risk their lives to lose weight. The tragedy of young Carpenter has proved this. Even if it doesn’t cost their lives, it will damage their health on a certain degree.Thus, apart from its positive effects, going on a diet has its bad side-effects. The proper way to use it is to put health in the first place. If it is good for our health, stick to it; if not, just abandon it.。
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专业英语复习提纲一题型：1、缩写2、词组翻译（中译英）3、选词填空4、英译汉5、汉译英二、主要内容⏹Lesson1主要句子P3- LINE 8 compared to the old technology, transistors were much smaller, faster, and cheaper to manufacture.P3-LINE14 What allowed the creation of modern processors was the invention of the integrated circuit, which is a group of transistors manufactured from a single piece of material and connected together internally, with extra wiringP3-LINE28 After the invention of the integrated circuit, it took very little time to realize the tremendous benefits of miniaturizing and integrating larger numbers of transistors into the same integrated circuit.P4-LINE4 Large-scale integration came to refer to the creation of integrated circuits that had previously been made form multiple discrete components.P4-LINE9 Building on the success of earlier integration efforts, engineers learned to pack more and more logic into a single circuit.⏹Lesson 2P6-LINE1 Memories can be made in mechanical, magnetic, optical, biological and electronic technologies.⏹Lesson 3P12-line4 Modern microprocessors contain complete floating point processors that can perform extremely sophisticated operations on large floating point numbers.P14-LINE15 One problem with today’s RAM chips is that they forget everything once the power goes off.P14-LINE22 The BIOS instructions do things like test the hardware in the machine, and then it goes to the hard disk to fetch the boot sector.P15-LINE23 Every instruction can be broken down as a set of sequenced operations like these that manipulate the components of the microprocessor in the proper order.P15-LINE33 In a pipelined architecture, instruction execution overlaps. So even though it might take five clock cycles execute each instruction , there can be five instructions in various stages of execution simultaneously.⏹Lesson 4P31-line11 Passive components had much better drift characteristics than active components had, thus if an amplifier’s gain could be made dependent on passive components, the problem would be solved.P31-LINE28 Well, time has proved Harry right, but there is a minor problem that Harry didn’t discuss in detail, and that is the oscillation problem.P32-LINE17 The programming was hard wired with a series of circuits that performed mathoperations on the data, and the hard wiring limitation eventually caused the declining popularity of the analog computer.P33-LINE28 The IC OP amp is here to stay; the latest generation op amps cover the frequency spectrum from 5-Khz GBW to beyond 1-GHz GBW.P33-LINE33 It can function as a line driver, comparator, amplifer, level shifter, oscillator, filter, signal conditioner, actuator driver, current source, voltage source, and etc..⏹Lesson 5P37-10 But how does the complex function in s relate to the circuit’s response to actual frequencies/P37-11 We use the expression jwL for impedance of an inductor and 1/jwC for that of a capacitor. P37-14 The jw in AC analysis is in fact the imaginary part of s, which, as mentioned earlier, is composed of a real part O and an imaginary part jw.P37-20 We have sliced the function along the jw axis and emphasized the RC low-pass filter’s frequncey response curve by adding a heavy line for function values along the positive j axis.P38-1 While the complex frequency’s imaginary part(jw) helps describe a response to ac signal, the real part helps describe a circuit’s transient respone.P38- 6 for the low-pass filter, pole positions further down the –o axis mean a high w0, a shorter time constant, and therefore a quicker transient response. Conversely ,a pole c loser to the j axis causes a long transient response.P38-12 Because both the integrator and the RC filter have only one s in the denominator of their transfer functions, they each have only one pole. That is ,they are first-order filters.P39-7 Y ou can obtain such a response by using inductance and capacitance in a passive circuit or by creating an active circuit of resistors,capacitors, and amplifers.P40 -13 Decreasing the Q moves the poles toward each other, whereas increasing the Q moves the poles in a semicircle away from each other and toward the jw axis.P41-4 Figure 5.4a shows the function as a curved surface, depicted in the three-dimensional space formed by the complex plane and a vertical magnitude vector.P42-2 On the other hand, if Q becomes infinite, the pole infinte, the pole…….⏹Lesson 6P44-3 This is capable of very high-speed conversion and thus can accommodate…P44-6 THE flash converter operates by simultaneously presenting…. N-bit word representing the input sample level.P45-5 These largely arise from the inevitable quantization ………..(dicated by the number of bits in the ADC)P45-15 THE reason for the difference between these two values………..trading off sampling rate as shown below.P46-9 A simple formula for the maximum processing ………and that the noise is uniformly distributed.P47-7 The converter is essentially a highly…..realize the processing gain.P47-19 IN fact , there are many tens of ADC Menthods in use, Successive Approximation………over its rivals.⏹Lesson 7P61-6 recent advances in semiconductor …………….conversion arena today.P61-11 IT operates by reducing a higher…………..to changes in its load.P61—17 the cost of the heatsink…………….applications.P61---23 THE average switching power………………the input voltage.P61---22 THE Buck converter is capable of kilowatts …………catastrophic results.P63---5 The amount of energy ……..demands of the load or,P65---14 THE companies building………………failure conditions.⏹Lesson 8P67---13 Crystal oscillators are the ………….requiring clocks.P68---14 The phase/Frequency Detector……………….frequency respectivelyP69---12 Jitter can be classified ….long-term jitter.P69---17 Period jitter ……….clock edges.P69---10 Skew is the variation ……..timeP69---17 SKEW in PLL-based-----output loading.⏹Lesson 9P74—7 Electrical characteristics:………….filtering.P74---9 Mechanical characteristics:….soldering technique.P75----3 Interconnect effects …..noise characteristics of a circuitP75---7 This all means that one of ……….may be present.P75---12 AN interconnect that must ……..an unwanted reflection.P75---26 Backward ,also……….inductive coupling.⏹Lesson 10P97-1 Wireless telephones…………..as a set for use within the home.P97-9 The first mobile system……..by the FCC.P97-23 A second area where the U.S………Phone numbers.P99-18 NOTICE that for each…….and low interference.⏹Lesson 11P102---9 D-AMPS was carefully designed to ……..in the same cell.P102---最后一行ON a D-AMPS mobile …………..predictive encoding schemes.P103—12 Each frame is divided into six…..frequency pair.P103---24 From the operator’s perspective …..and explains much of the popularity of PCS. P104---9 Aslo in both systems, a single………..multiple mobiles.P106---14 Thus , the key to CDMA is to,,,,, random noise.P106---25 Increasing the amount of …………form of spread spectrum communication.P107---10 CDMA IS typically used for wireless …………….the transmitters are.⏹Lesson 12P112---23 YOU SEE THE bios software……….(POST)P114---2 the operating system writes………..same setting.。