各种生活场景的词汇

1）交通工具类vehicle 交通工具；车辆transport （动词）运输transportation (名词)运输；运输工具airplane (aircraft) 飞机direct flight 直达航班airliner 航空飞机supersonic 超音速jet 喷气式飞机jet lag 时差综合症runway 机场跑道pilot 飞行员crew 全体机务人员：全体船员helicopter 直升飞机boarding gate 登机口boarding pass 登机卡flight coupon 飞机联票ticket agency 售票代理处airport 飞机场confirm one’s flight 确认航班make a flight reservation 预定航班check-in procedure 登机程序passport 护照take off 起飞land 降落circle 盘旋first class 一等舱business class 商务舱economy class 经济舱train 火车train station 火车站platform 站台railroad 铁路non-stop train 直达列车express train 特快列车freight 货物；货运container 集装箱subway 地铁train schedule 列车时刻表one way ticket 单程票round trip ticket 双程票automobile(auto; car) 汽车taxicab(cab; taxi) 出租车bus 公共汽车trolley bus (trolley coach) 无轨电车truck 卡车shuttle bus 区间性公共汽车motorcycle 摩托车bicycle(bike) 自行车pedal 脚蹬；踏板gear 齿轮；（排）档engine 引擎；发动机tank 油箱brake （名词）闸；（动词）刹车exhaust （名词和动词）排气garage 车库license 执照parking 停车driver 司机bus conductor 汽车售票员tour guide 导游information desk 问讯处2）交通现象类traffic sign 交通标志traffic signal 交通信号traffic regulation 交通规则traffic emergency 交通紧急情况traffic congestion(jam) 交通堵塞speeding 超速行驶speed limit 限速illegal parking 非法停车parking lot 停车场parking meter 汽车停放计时器（收费机）go through the red light 闯红灯warn 警告3）其他highway 公路express way = free way 高速公路ramp （公路不同水平面之间的）斜坡toll 通行费toll gate（=toll booth）收费站driveway 私人车道interchange 交换道intersection 道路交叉口lane 车道avenue (thoroughfare) 马路；街boulevard 林荫大道5）饮食评价类名词结构类nutrient 营养（成分）fat 脂肪protein 蛋白质vitamin 维生素calorie 卡（路里）nutrition 营养dietitian 营养学家health food (green foodstuff) 保健食品（绿色食品）convenience food 方便食品形容词结构类nourishing (nutritious) 有营养的malnourished 营养不良的edible 可食用的sour 酸的sweet 甜的bitter 苦的spicy = hot 辣的salty 咸的bland 无味儿的；淡的tangy 味道浓的awful 味道糟糕的hit the spot = out of this world = delicious好吃的rare （肉）生的；嫩的medium （肉）中等程度的，适中的well-done （肉）熟透的overdone （肉）过老的burnt 烧焦的canned 罐装的fresh 新鲜的6）烹调类名词结构类cuisine 烹调recipe 食谱；配方spice(seasoning) 香料；调味品spread 涂抹食品的酱dressing 填馅；调料gourmet 美食家connoisseur 鉴赏家condiment 调味品动词结构类to bake 烘（糕点等）to roast 烤（肉等）to barbecue 烧烤to broil = grill = roast （在烤架等上面）烤to toast 烤（面包）to stew (simmer) 炖；焖to boil 煮7）付帐类to pick up the bill = to foot the bill 付帐to be on sb. = to be one’s dollar (buck) 由某人请客to take care of the bill 请客to treat sb. 请某人的客to split the bill 各付各的to split the expense 各付各的to go fifty fifty 各付各的to share the expense 各付各的8）饭店类restaurant 饭店coffee shop 咖啡馆；小吃店cafeteria 自助餐馆menu 菜谱cook 厨师bakery 面包店kitchen 厨房appetizer 开胃品dessert 甜食；点心snack = refreshments小吃；茶点speciality 特色菜肴,特产menu 菜单a course 一道菜waiter (waitress) 侍者chef 厨师tableware 餐具banquet 宴会paper napkin 餐巾纸be stuffed 吃饱work up an appetite 促进食欲on a diet 节食grab a snack = have a bite 吃点小吃或点心1）咖啡类coffee 咖啡black coffee 不加伴侣的咖啡white coffee 加伴侣的咖啡（一般加sugar, milk, or cream三种）gourmet coffee 美食家咖啡instant coffee 速溶咖啡flavor 咖啡尝起来的味道aroma 咖啡闻起来的香味coffee pot = coffee maker 咖啡壶coffee set = coffee service 做咖啡的全套器具microwave oven 微波炉caffeine 咖啡因coffee break 喝咖啡时的休息时间2）乳品饮料类drink=beverage 饮料water 水mineral water 矿泉水natural spring water 天然泉水orange juice 橙汁lemonade 柠檬汁cocktail 鸡尾酒bar 酒吧wine 葡萄酒liquor 烈性酒alcoholic 含酒精的dairy 奶制品butter 黄油cheese 奶酪cream 奶油ice cream 冰淇淋yogurt 酸奶yeast (leaven; ferment) (名词)酵母；（动词）发酵3）素食类vegetarian 素食cereal(grain) 谷类事物flour 面粉bread 面包toast 土司面包bagel 一种欧式面包doughnut=donut 甜面包圈pastry 面点心fruit 水果salad 色拉oatmeal 燕麦片potato chips 薯片hamburger 汉堡hot dog 热狗cake 蛋糕4）荤食类meat 荤食beef 牛肉(beef) steak 牛排；鱼排ground beef 绞牛肉；牛肉酱pork 猪肉mutton 羊肉poultry 家禽sea food 海味fried egg(sunny-side up ;over) 荷包蛋（单煎一面；煎两面）scrambled egg 炒鸡蛋ham and eggs (bacon; sausage) 火腿蛋（熏咸肉；香肠）6）课程考试类tuition 学费credit system 学分制semester/term 学期course guideline 课程纲要required course 必修课elective course 选修课seminar 高级研讨性课mid-term exam 期中考final exams = finals 期末考subjective test 主观性测试objective test 客观性测试pop quiz 抽查式测验major 主修minor 副修exemption 免修syllabus 教学大纲diploma, degree, certificate 文凭，学位，证书course, coursework 课程text, textbook 课文，教科书class, classroom 班，课exercise, practice 练习handout（s）分发的教材enrollment/registration 注册registrar 注册主任7）学习用品类stationery 文具book bag 书包backpack = knapsack 背包stapler 订书机（staples 订书钉）clips 夹子；回形针glue 胶水scotch tape 透明胶带scissors 剪刀brown paper 牛皮纸battery 电池bookmark 书签flashlight 手电筒lined paper 横格纸notebook 笔记本notepad 记事本projector 幻灯放映机typewriter 打字机printer 打印机printer ribbon打印机的色带word processor 文字处理器laptop 笔记本电脑desktop 台式机typing paper 打印纸record 唱片8）其它education 教育educational 教育的students'''' union 学生会students'''' council = government = association 学生会quit school 休学drop out of school 退学transfer to another school 转学educational board 教育董事会admissions office 招生办公室scholarship 奖学金assistantship 助研金fellowship 研究奖学金graduation commencement 毕业典礼diploma 毕业文凭admission 录取freshman （大学）一年级学生sophomore （大学）二年级学生junior （大学）三年级学生senior （大学）四年级学生a graduate, graduation 毕业生，毕业tuition, fee 费用subject 主题，专业academic 学术的excellent 出色的average 平均的，一般的below average 低于平均水平的，差的，advanced 先进的，高级的remedial 补习的9）电器类electronic appliance（instrument; equipment）电器heater, furnace 加热器，炉子heating unit 暖气片air conditioner 空调设备stove 炉子microwave oven 微波炉washer / dryer 洗衣机/烘干机（laundry 洗衣店）utensil 器皿；用具kitchen utensil 炊具oven 烤箱；烤炉range 煤气灶dishwasher 洗碟机washing machine 洗衣机（hot-water） heater 热水器coffeepot 咖啡壶refrigerator （freezer）冰箱vacuum cleaner 吸尘器tape player 录音机CD player CD机Laundromat 自动洗衣店maintenance 维修，保养10）家具类furniture 家具bookshelf 书架bookcase 书柜couch 沙发chest 柜子；橱；箱子dresser （bureau）梳妆台cabinet （电视机等）机箱；储藏柜；陈列柜cupboard （closet）碗橱storage wall 壁橱rug 小地毯carpet 地毯curtain 窗帘bathtub 浴缸fixture （房屋）固定装置furnishings 室内陈设1)成绩grade （mark 、score）分数perfect grade 优异成绩low grade 低分high mark 高分passing grade 及格分failing grade 不及格分full marks 满分straight A''s 全Abe all A''s and B''s 全是A和BB plus B加A minus A减pass the exam with flying colors 以优异成绩通过考试graduate with honors 以荣誉毕业2）图书馆类library图书馆librarian图书管理员publication 出版物periodical 期刊magazine 杂志book catalogue 图书目录classified catalogue 分类目录bibliography 参考书目title index 书目索引alphabetic index 按字母顺序排列的索引loan desk 借书处circulation 流通reserved books 馆藏书（只能在图书馆内借阅）library card 借书证overdue fine 过期罚金periodical reading room 期刊阅览室back issue 过期杂志current issue 近期杂志non-fiction 非小说类文学作品science-fiction 科幻小说copier 复印机check out 办理（借、还）手续renew 续借overdue过期3）作业类thesis/essay/dissertation 论文assignment 作业homework = coursework = schoolwork = studies 作业lab report 实验报告book report 读书报告presentation 发言term paper 学期论文project 作业broad （论文等）内容宽泛的narrow down （论文等）缩小范围4）学科类Mathematics 数学physics 物理chemistry 化学biology 生物学geography 地理学electronics 电子学computer science 计算机科学astronomy 天文学electronics engineering 电子工程学botany 植物学psychology 心理学zoology 动物学architecture 建筑学oceanography 海洋学ecology 生态学medical science 医学archaeology 考古学history 历史学linguistics 语言学pedagogics 教育学，教学法anthropology 人类学economics 经济学statistics 统计学accounting 会计学philosophy 哲学5）教师评价类教师称号professor 教授lecturer = instructor 讲师teaching assistant = TA 助教research assistant = RA 助研counselor, adviser 咨询者，顾问B.A. （Bachelor of Arts）文学士M.A （degree of Master of Arts）文学硕士M.S. （Master of Science）理硕士M.D. （Doctor of Medicine）医学博士Ph.D. （Doctor of Philosophy）（哲学）博士president 大学校长teacher/faculty 教师student''s advisor 学生顾问physicist 物理学家mathematician 数学家chemist 化学家historian 历史学家statistician 统计学家正评价fascinating = fantastic 精彩的thought provoking 发人深思的stimulating 令人兴奋的sense of humor 幽默感负评价boring 无聊的drop off to sleep 睡着了doze off 打瞌睡drowsy 昏昏欲睡的clock watcher 不断看表的人make no sense 毫无意义1. a picky eater 吃饭挑剔之人2. apple of one''''s eye 珍爱之人（或物），宝贝3. the cold shoulder 对某人冷淡4. a slip of the tongue 口误5. a bitter pill to swallow 吞下苦果6. an apple a day keeps the doctor away 一天一个苹果，不用请医生（常吃水果有益健康）7. a piece of cake 容易做的事（不费吹灰之力）8. as fit as a fiddle 非常健康9. a big appetite 胃口很好10. an adventurous eater 大胆的食客11. bring home the bacon 挣钱养家12. bite off more than you can chew 贪多而吃不下（尤指接下过多工作而完不成）13. burn the midnight oil 熬夜14. be kept in the dark 被蒙在鼓里15. behind the times 过时了，落伍了，不时髦16. bump into 偶然碰到,撞见17. burn the candle at both ends 非常忙碌，过度疲劳18. cry over spilt milk 覆水难收19. It is not my cup of tea 非我所爱20. the calm before the storm 暴风雨前的平静21. born with a silver spoon in your mouth 生于富贵之家，生来享受富贵22. by hook or by crook 不择手段，无论如何23. burn one''''s bridges 破釜沉舟，自断后路24. Beauty is in the eyes of the beholder 情人眼里出西施25. bite the hand that feeds you 忘恩负义26. eat like a horse 吃得很多27. go to pieces 破碎,沮丧，心碎28. go Dutch 各付各的钱29. get the axe: 被解雇，被开除30. go in one ear and out the other 听了并不照办,左耳朵进右耳朵出31. get carried away 得意忘形,失去理智32. give somebody a ring 给某人打电话33. give somebody a hand 帮助某人34. have your cake and eat it 鱼与熊掌兼得35. hold your horses 放慢，等一等36. high and dry 让某人陷入困境37. hit the hay 去睡觉38. be hot and bothered 焦虑，不安39. have one''''s hands full 很忙40. have cold feet 紧张41. hit the roof 很生气42. His name rings a bell 名字听起来很熟43. have a heart of gold 心好,好人44. in the wink of an eye 一眨眼功夫,很快45. to jump the gun 行动过早, 结论错误46. keep a straight face 摆出严肃面孔.忍住不笑47. keep one''''s fingers crossed 交叉手指,乞求好运48. keep an eye on someone 留心,留意49. to kick the bucket 死50. to knock your teeth out 打人51. look for a needle in a haystack 象大海捞针一样困难52. to let the cat out of the bag 泄露秘密53. to let one''''s hair down 放松,好好玩54. the least of my worries 次要的事情,小事一桩, 一点也不担心55. eat one''''s words 收回说过的话56. a fish out of water 如鱼儿离水,没有把握,有点不安57. to face the music 勇敢地面对困难58. make a monkey out of 嘲弄,戏弄59. make eyes at 送秋波,抛媚眼60. make one''''s mouth water 使人垂涎三尺,想吃61. make or break 涉及成败的关键时刻62. music to one''''s ears 悦耳的声音,喜讯63. make hay while the sun shines 趁热打铁，及时把握机会64. make some time 抽出时间,挤出时间65. meet each other half way 相互妥协,各让一步66. My legs have fallen asleep 双腿麻木67. make a night of it 痛快玩一夜68. make heads or tails of it 弄清楚,弄明白 (多用在搞不懂的情况下)。