阅读材料 Unit 1
课外阅读Unit 1The Age of Robots
Unit 1The Age of RobotsPassage 1A Dream of Robot’s RightsCapri makes small talk to the familiar barista（咖啡师）, then takes his chai latte（印度奶茶拿铁咖啡）to a window table where he sits alone and ruminates(1) about whether all this human interaction will disappear in the near future as robots will have a bigger role in society.There is no idling by Capri as he sits down. His mind is processing scenarios of sentient(2) robots being abused as slaves and he is fearful that another Civil Rights battle might erupt.“A s of 2011, the emphasis in robotics has been to make robots functional as mechanical servants, but soon robots will possess both thought and feeling,” said Capri.Capri foresees(3) the programming of thoughts and feelings into robots as the next big step in robotic evolution and he is concerned humans won’t recognize a robot’s feelings. In the next 20 years, Capri envisions(4) that robots will be sentient and they’ll need protection. “This is where I would draw the line and call for a Bill of Rights for Robo ts.” He added, “We, as humans, need to exercise our sense of empathy(5) toward Guess the meanings of the following words from their context.（1）ruminate A. 沉思 B. 反刍 C. 玩味（2）sentient A. 伤感的 B. 有感情的 C. 敏感的（3）foresee A. 朝前看 B. 预见 C. 看见（4）envision A. 看见 B. 视线 C. 想象（5）empathy A. 可怜 B. 移情 C. 敏感the robots we are creating, and robots should be programmed with a sense of empathy toward us and each other.”Capri’s knowledge as a cosmologist-futurist has him worried that as robots become more advanced, humans will fail to realize that robots are more than machines to simplify their lives.“As we program robots at higher levels, I’ll be lobbying for programming an ethic(6) of empathy.” More empathy is something humans could benefit from as well, believes Capri. “As humans, with at best a shaky record when it comes to avoiding war and harsh prejudices towards one another, we could do with some reprogramming ourselves.” The stronger the empathy, the less likely one’s tendency toward violence as a means of solving problems, explains Capri. “The hope of the future is not technology alone,” Capri adds. “It’s the empathy necessary for all of us, human and robot, to survive and thrive.”“The evolution of robots is inevitable,” Capri states for ebodingly. The line between human and machine is already beginning to blur, and Capri wonders what will life be like for people who have had limbs and human features replaced by robotic parts. Humans will become more robotic as robots become more human. (392 words)Abridged and revised from/index.php/a-dream-of-robot-rights（6）ethic A. 伦理 B. 种族 C. 人种Select the most appropriate answer for each of the following questions.（1）Robots are supposed to be_______ in this passage.A. sentientB. lonelyC. sentimentalD. emotionless（2）Capri believes robots are so sentient that they may ask for__________.A. voting rightsB. democratic rightsC. civil rightsD. refusal rights（3）Capri is co ncerned humans won’t recognize a robot’sr__________ .A. loveB. hateC. revengeD. feelings（4）Capri believes robots should be programmed with a sense ofr__________ .A. empathyB. humorC. painD. happiness（5）It can be inferred from the passage that__________.A. robots may be the slaves of human beingsB. robots may become dominant in human beings’ societyC. robots may serve human beingsD. robots may become more violent in the futurePassage 2Pipeline Exploration RobotRegular inspection of pipelines is a key factor in ensuring safe transport and finding pipe leakages or blockages(1) for a wide variety of applications(2), e.g. oilGuess the meanings of the following words from their context.（1）bloclbgf A. 封锁 B. 堵塞 C. 收缩（2）bppljcbujoo A. 用途 B. 申请 C. 实施and gas transport. Using pipeline exploration robots to enter pipelines and carry out inspection work with HD cameras greatly increases Efficiency and quality of inspection. A pipeline exploration robot system includes a control station and a robot.A control station is a single board computer or a PC responsible for receiving, storing and displaying video signals sent by robots as well as controlling robots’behavior by sending instructions.Pipeline exploration robots consist of a multimedia application processor, status and environment information, camera and a communication system. The application processors controls robots’ movements and operate(3) the camera system based on the instructions sent by the control station, while simultaneously sending robot status and encoded video signals back to the control station. Pipeline exploration robots usually use wheels or caterpillar tracks（履带）as their moving system because gas/ oil pipelines always have a large diameter. An individual moving system of this kind is equipped with multiple brushless motors to ensure the capability of overcoming obstacles. The status and environment information system is composed of a rotary encoder（旋转编码器）, an electronic compass, a 3—axis accelerometer and temperature & humidity sensors. The system can provide general information about robots’locations, speed and inclination angle, temperature & humidity data which are helpful for the operators to make decisions on robot behavior control. The camera system consists of motion control and video processing units, and usually is coupled with an ultrasonic sensor to detect the thickness status of pipelines. The motion control unit has a servo motor to adjust the camera’s height and rotation so that all the areas in the pipelines can be scanned by camera. The task of video signal processing is handled by imaging sensors and multimedia application processors which work together to implement video capture(4), signal conversion and encoding processes. In order to achieve better communication quality and longer distance, the encoded video and control signals are combined into a single signal by a FPGA（现场可编程门阵列）included in the communication system, and then processed by a serializer to produce LVDS (Low Voltage Differential Signal) to be transmitted through twisted-pair cables. If signals have to travel a much longer distance, fiber-optic cables could be a good option as they can cover distances up to several kilometers. （3）operate A. 做手术 B. 操作 C. 经营（4）capture A. 采集 B. 俘虏 C. 抓住As robotics technology develops, future pipeline exploration robots would feature more sophisticated A. I. (Artificial Intelligence), making them capable of “thinking and working” with minimum human intervention. (417 words)Abridged and revised from/jsp/bespoke/bespoke7.jsp?bespokepage=common/fr/technology-first/ applications/robotics/pipeline-exploration-robot.jspSelect the most appropriate answer for each of the following questions.（1）Pipeline exploration robots can greatly increase________.A. the variety of applications of pipelinesB. the Efficiency and quality of inspectionC. the frequency of inspectionsD. the application of robots（2）A pipeline exploration robot system includes a(n________ and a(n) ________.A. single board computer, PCB. control station, robotC. rotary encoder, electronic compassD. sensor, processor（3）Pipeline exploration robots usually use________as their moving system.A. wheels or caterpillar tracksB. legs and feetC. supportsD. propellers（4）The motion control unit has a ________ to adjust the camera’s height and rotation.A. propellerB. machineC. servo motorD. mechanical arm（5）The author believes pipeline exploration robots in the future will be able to________ .A. walk and runB. speak and communicateC. stand up and kneel downD. think and workPassage 3Time Taken: ________ minutesDirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Artificial intelligence (AI) is a （1） trend in computer automation systems. Several types of AI technology are available. These （2） robotics, voice-recognition systems, and many smart computer systems. Artificial intelligence refers to any computer system that uses a （3） process to learn and improve based on the surrounding environment and prior mistakes.Robotics is an area that is （4） with artificial intelligence technology. Historically, robots were （5） computers that could only move with manual remote controls. Modern robots include environment （6） that can detect explosives and other materials. This creates a smarter robot that can be used in dangerous conditions including accidents involving hazardous materials and nuclear disasters.One of the most basic systems that uses AI technology is the automatic vacuum. This household gadget can actually learn and map the logistics of a living area. The automatic vacuum cleaner is a device that （7） these coordinates based on hitting the walls and furniture of the home. Once the vacuum has （8） the rooms, it can clean the rooms without hitting any obstacle.Voice-recognition systems are （9） form of artificial intelligence technology. This computer technology is quickly becoming available in most cars and cell phones. Voice-recognition systems were one of the most （10） systems to build because voices have specific characteristics that are hard to decipher. Modern voice-recognition systems learn commands based on the user voice, and then learn to accept commands based on that pattern. (237 words)Abridged and revised from/what-are-the-different-types-of-artificial-intelligencetechnology.htm（A）include（I ）logical（B）sensors（J ）growing（C）learns（K）mapped（D）another（L）drawn（E）evolving（M）average（F）target（N）dumb（G）latest（O）invest（H）difficultPassage 4Time Taken: ________ minutesDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Digital Technology — A Third Industrial RevolutionA “As manufacturing goes digital, it will change out of all recognition,” says Paul Markillie. And some of the business of making things will return to rich countries. Outside the Frankfurt Messe （法兰克福博览会）, home of innumerable German trade fairs, stands the “Hammering Man”, a 21-metre kinetic statue that steadily raises and lowers its arm to bash a piece of metal with a hammer. Jonathan Borofsky, the artist who built it, says it is a celebration of the worker using his mind and hands to create the world we live in. That is a familiar story. But now the tools are changing in a number of remarkable ways that will transform the future of manufacturing.B One of those big trade fairs held in Frankfurt is EuroMold （欧洲模具展销会）, which shows machines for making prototypes of products, the tools needed to put those things into production and all manner of other manufacturing kit. Old-school engineers worked with lathes, drills, stamping presses and molding machines. These still exist, but EuroMold exhibits no oily machinery tended by men in overalls. Hall after hall is full of squeaky-clean American, Asian and European machine tools, all highly automated. Most of their operators, men and women, sit in front of computer screens. Nowhere will you find a hammer. And at the most recent EuroMold fair, last November, another group of machines was on display: three-dimensional (3D) printers. Instead of bashing, bending and cutting material the way it always has been, 3D printers build things by depositing material, layer by layer. That is why the process is more properly described as additive manufacturing. An American firm, 3D Systems, used one of its 3D printers to print a hammer for your correspondent, complete with a natty wood-effect handle and a metalized head.C This is what manufacturing will be like in the future. Ask a factory today to make you a single hammer to your own design and you will be presented with a bill for thousands of dollars. The makers would have to produce a mould, cast the head, machine it to a suitable finish, turn a wooden handle and then assemble the parts. To do that for one hammer would be prohibitively expensive. If you are producing thousands of hammers, each one of them will be much cheaper, thanks to economies of scale. For a 3D printer, though, economies of scale matter much less. Its software can be endlessly tweaked and it can make just about anything. The cost of setting up the machine is the same whether it makes one thing or as many things as can fit inside the machine; like a two-dimensional off ice printer that pushes out one letter or many different ones until the ink cartridge and paper need replacing, it will keep going, at about the same cost for each item.D Additive manufacturing is not yet good enough to make a car or an iPhone, but it is already being used to make specialist parts for cars and customized covers for iPhones. Although it is still a relatively young technology, most people probably already own something that was made with the help of a 3D printer. It might be a pair of shoes, printed in solid form as a design prototype before being produced in bulk. It could be a hearing aid （助听器）, individually tailored to the shape of the user’s ear. Or it could be a piece of jewelery, cast from a mould made by a 3D printer or produced directly using a growing number of printable materials.E But additive manufacturing is only one of a number of breakthroughs leading to the factory of the future, and conventional production equipment is becoming smarter and more flexible, too. Volkswagen has a new production strategy called Modularer Querbaukasten, or MQB （横置发动机模块化平台）. By standardizing the parameters of certain components, such as the mountingpoints of engines, the German carmaker hopes to be able to produce all its models on the same production line. The process is being introduced this year, but will gather pace as new models are launched over the next decade. Eventually it should allow its factories in America, Europe and China to produce locally whatever vehicle each market requires.F They don’t make them like that any more. Factories are becoming vastly more efficient, thanks to automated milling machines （铣床）that can swap their own tools, cut in multiple directions and “feel” if somethi ng is going wrong, together with robots equipped with vision and other sensing systems. Nissan’s British factory in Sunderland, opened in 1986, is now one of the most productive in Europe. In 1999 it built 271,157 cars with 4,594 people. Last year it made 480,485 vehicles — more than any other car factory in Britain, ever — with just 5,462 people.G “You can’t make some of this modern stuffusing old manual tools,” says Colin Smith, director of engineering and technology for Rolls-Royce, a British company that makes jet engines and other power systems. “The days of huge factories full of lots of people are not there any more.”H As the number of people directly employed in making things declines, the cost of labor as a proportion of the total cost of production will diminish too. This will encourage makers to move some of the work back to rich countries, not least because new manufacturing techniques make it cheaper and faster to respond to changing local tastes.I The materials being used to make things are changing as well. Carbon-fibercomposites, for instance, are replacing steel and aluminum in products ranging from mountain bikes to airliners. And sometimes it will not be machines doing the making, but micro-organisms that have been genetically engineered for the task.J Everything in the factories of the future will be run by smarter software. Digitization in manufacturing will have a disruptive effect every bit as big as in other industries that have gone digital, such as off ice equipment, telecoms, photography, music, publishing and films. And the effects will not be confined to large manufacturers; indeed, they will need to watch out because much of what is coming will empower small and medium-sized firms and individual entrepreneurs. Launching novel products will become easier and cheaper. Communities offering 3D printing and other production services that are a bit like Facebook are already forming online —a new phenomenon which might be called social manufacturing.K The consequences of all these changes amount to a third industrial revolution. The first began in Britain in the late 18th century with the mechanization of the textile industry. In the following decades the use of machines to make things, instead of crafting them by hand, spread around the world. The second industrial revolution began in America in the early 20th century with the assembly line, which ushered（引入）in the era of mass production.L As manufacturing goes digital, a third great change is now gathering pace. It will allow things to be made economically in much smaller numbers, more flexibly and with a much lower input of labor, thanks to new materials, completely new processes such as 3D printing, easy-to-use robots and new collaborative manufacturing services available online. The wheel is almost coming full circle, turning away from mass manufacturing and towards much more individualized production.And that in turn could bring some of the jobs back to rich countries that long ago lost them to the emerging world. (1,225 words)Abridged and revised from/node/21552901（1）Additive manufacturing is not yet good enough to make a car or an iPhone, but it is already being used to make specialist parts for cars and customized covers for iPhones.（2）Future manufacturing will be much cheaper thanks to 3D printer technology.（3）Traditional manufacturing tools are changing in a number of remarkable ways that will transform the future of manufacturing.（4）EuroMold exhibits no oily machinery tended by men in overalls.（5）Some micro-organisms that have been genetically engineered can be used as manufacturing materials.（6）Digitization in manufacturing will be extended to all aspects of society.（7）The cost of labor of production will diminish in the future manufacturing.（8）Digitalized manufacturing can be called the third industrial revolution.（9）Digital manufacturing could bring some of the jobs back to rich countries that long ago lost them to the emerging world as labor-intensive manufacturing is not necessary.（10）In the traditional way of making a hammer, the makers would have to produce a mould, cast the head, machine it to a suitable finish, turn a wooden handle and then assemble the parts.Chinese Ancient ArchitectureTogether with European and Arabian architecture, ancient Chinese architecture is an important component of the world’s architectural systems. During its long development, it gradually formed into a style that featured timberwork （木结构）combined with stone carving （石刻）, rammed earth construction （夯土）, bucket arch buildings（斗拱）and many other techniques. Industrious Chinese laboring people created many architectural miracles such as the Great Wall （长城）, Forbidden City （故宫）, and the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor （秦始皇陵）.The most significant characteristic of ancient Chinese architecture is the use of a timber framework. Paintings and carvings were added to the architectural work to make it more beautiful and attractive. Ancient Chinese buildings have a long history that can be traced back to the Shang Dynasty (16th century — 771 B.C.). It has its own principles of structure and layout. Through the long development, many wonders have been created by industrious and clever laboring people. Ancient architectural miracles are innumerable, ranging from the Great Wall, White Horse Temple （白马寺）, Mogao Caves （莫高窟）to the Summer Palace （颐和园）and Forbidden City.Ancient Chinese architecture is mainly timberwork. Wooden posts （柱）, beams（横梁）, lintels （过梁）and joists （托梁）make up the framework of a house. Walls serve as the separation of rooms without bearing the weight of the whole house, which is unique to China. As a famous saying goes, “Chinese houses will still stand when their walls collapse.” The specialty of wood requires antisepsis （防腐）methods to be adopted, and thus develops into China’s own architectural painting decoration. Colored, glazed roofs, windows with exquisite applique （贴花）design and beautiful flower patterns on wooden pillars （柱子）reflect the high-level of the craftsmen’s handicraft a nd their rich imagination.The layout of a courtyard complex is also unique to China. The main structure is located on the central axis of a court while less important structures are located to the left and right. The whole layout is symmetrical. Compared with European architectural style that is open and shut, a courtyard is like a hand scroll of painting that should be unfolded little by little. The scenery is different in each courtyard. Even moving several steps within the courtyard, you will be surprised at the changing of prospects. Likewise, from the interior of the buildings the view from no two windows is the same.Abridged and revised fromwww.travel China /intro/architectureUnit 1 The Age of RobotsPassage 1Guess the meanings of the following words from their context.（1）A（2）B（3）B（4）C（5）B（6）ASelect the most appropriate answer for each of the following questions.（1）A（2）C（3）D（4）A（5）BPassage 2Guess the meanings of the following words from their context.（1）B（2）A（3）B（4）ASelect the most appropriate answer for each of the following questions.（1）B（2）B（3）A（4）C（5）DPassage 3（1）J（2）A（3）I（4）E（5）N（6）B（7）C（8）K（9）D （10）HPassage 4（1）D（2）C（3）A（4）B（5）I（6）J（7）H（8）K（9）L （10）C1.4 Unit 3Food SafetyUnit 3Food SafetyPassage 1GM Food Safety Fear “Based on Distortion”The head of Britain’s leading scientific academy has accused the former Environment Minister Michael Meacher of “severely distorting（歪曲）” the scientific facts and uncertainties surrounding genetically modified foods.The furor(1) over GM foods（转基因食品）erupted once again on Sunday when Meacher published a newspaper article saying the government had ignored evidence that GM crops could be a hazard to human health. He had been Environment Minister for six years until losing his job on 13rd June.The latest row comes in the run up to a government decision on whether to end a three-year moratorium(2) on the commercial growing of GM crops in the U.K. The Prime Minister’s contribution “has been to emphasize the importance of the biotech industry to the U.K.” Meacherwrote in the Independent on Sunday, but the scientific data on GM crop safety was “clouded with deep uncertainty” meaning the decision sho uld be deferred.But Robert May, president of the U.K.’s Royal Society（英国皇家学会）, said on Wednesday that Meacher had “very selectively” quoted from a Royal Society report to back his “ideological opposition”. Now that his stance(3) is clear, “the public can judge for themselves his statements on GM science,” May said.Guess the meanings of the following words from their context.（1）furor A. 恐慌 B. 轰动 C. 狂热者（2）moratorium A. 禁令 B. 道德 C. 期限（3）stance A. 站立 B. 姿态 C. 彰显The controversy over GM crops was also stoked in the U.S. on Monday at a world biotechnology conference. U.S. President George W. Bush accused Europe of risking starvation in Africa by its rejection of GM crops. Public opposition to GM crops in the U.S. has been minor.In arguing that GM crops have not been shown to be safe for human consumption, Meacher quoted from several major reports. In particular, he highlighted comments from a 2002 Royal Society report that said the health effects of GM foods should be rigorously investigated before allowing them into baby food or to be marketed to pregnant women or elderly or infirm(4)people. “But he conspicuously fails to mention its principal conclusion that there is no scientific reason to doubt the safety of foods made from GM ingredients that are currently available, nor to believe that genetic modification makes GM foods inherently less safe than their conventional counterparts,” says May.The report also pointed out that GM techniques might be used in the future to improve the quality of food, a point also omitted by Meacher. But Meacher did note that, although millions of U.S. citizens have consumed GM foods over many years with no ill effects seen, there have been no trials in which the health of people eating GM and non-GM food have been directly compared.The way in which GM food is currently assessed —whether it is “substantially equivalent” to its conventional counterpart —is “scientifically vacuous (空白)”, according to Meacher. May rejects this charge, saying it is the only practical way of evaluating the safety of GM foods. (467 words)Abridged and revised from/.../dn3874-gm-food-safety（4）infirm A. 年长的 B. 年幼的 C. 体弱多病的Select the most appropriate answer for each of the following questions.（1）What caused a furor over GM food once again, according to the passage?A. Meacher had been Environment Minister for six years.B. There was no evidence to show GM food was safe.C. A newspaper article about GM food was published.D. The UK government paid no attention to pe ople’s health.（2）In Paragraph Two, “clouded with deep uncertainty” means “________ ”.A. not sureB. the clouds are too thickC. it’s uncertain whether it is raining or notD. not wrong（3）Why did Robert May say “the public can judge for themselves his statements on GM science”?A. He did not agree with Meacher.B. He believed Meacher’s idea was right.C. He called on the public to support Meacher.D. He himself opposed the GM science.（4）If the world rejects GM crops, what would happen in Africa?A. Wars.B. Infected diseases.C. Floods.D. Hunger.（5）What is May’s attitude towards the safety of GM foods, according to the passage?A. Positive.B. Negative.C. Indifferent.D. Not mentioned.Passage 2Time Taken: ________ minutesTaste ConsiderationsMany people prefer bottled water because of its taste. The taste of all water has to do with the way it is treated and the quality of its source, including its natural mineral content. Most bottled water comes from a ground water source, where water quality varies less from day to day, or is treated and immediately bottled. Bottled water from a dedicated(1) source or plant may have a more consistent taste than tap water, which mostly comes from surface sources and must travel through pipes to reach homes.One of the key taste differences between tap water and bottled water is due to how the water is disinfected(2). Tap water may be disinfected with chlorine （氯）, chloramines （氯胺）, ozone （臭氧）, or ultraviolet light to kill disease-causing germs. Water systems use these disinfectants, chlorine and chloramines, because they are effective and inexpensive, and they continue to disinfect as water travels through pipes to homes and businesses. Bottled water that is disinfected is typically disinfected using ozone or other technologies such as ultraviolet light or chlorine dioxide. Ozone is preferred by bottlers, though it is more expensive than chlorine, because it does not leave a taste and because bottlers do not need to worry about maintaining disinfectant in water sealed in a container. Untreated water, whether from a bottle or from a tap, will have the characteristic taste of its source.Guess the meanings of the following words from their context.（1）dedicated A. 奉献的 B. 专用的 C. 装饰的（2）disinfect A. 传染 B. 不影响 C. 消毒Bottled water must be tested and meet regulatory standards before it can be sold in the U.S. Bottled water, like tap water, can come from a ground water source, such as a well or spring, or a surface water source, such as a river or stream. Most bottled water comes from a ground water source. Ground water is typically less vulnerable(3) to contamination than water from surface sources. However, ground water can still contain naturally high amounts of certain contaminants, including radioactive elements, arsenic （砷）, and nitrates （硝酸盐）, or be vulnerable to contamination from human activities, such as industrial waste, faulty septic （化粪池）systems, and underground gas or chemical tanks. Some bottled water comes from surface water sources. This water typically comes from a public water system and receives additional treatment, such as filtration(4) and disinfection, before it is bottled. Bottlers must list on the label the type of bottled water (such as spring water, mineral water, or drinking water).If the water comes from a public water system and has not been treated to meet FDA’s (Food and Drug Administration) （美国食品和药物管理局）definition of “purified” or “sterile” water, the label must state that the source is from a community water system.If you are concerned about a particular contaminant(5) in your drinking water, consider the following questions: Is the source water likely to contain the contaminant? Has the water been treated to remove the contaminant? Water that originates from a protected ground water source is less likely to contain certain contaminants (such as disease-causing microbes), but not all ground water is protected, and no water is guaranteed to be completely free of contaminants. (498 words) Abridged and revised from/ogwdw/faq/2009/fs_healthseries_bottlewater.pdf（3）vulnerable A. 易于……的 B. 自由的 C. 自愿的。
(2021年整理)雅思阅读UNIT1Food
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UNIT 1 FoodWarm up—Thinking about the TopicLook at the two pictures below。
Talk about them with your partner。
1 What type of environment do these people and these plants live in？2 Match these descriptions to the right picture：a。
.。
look like a cactus， but are not related。
b. . .. grow in dry sandy or rocky areas.c. 。
move around the Kalahari desert in search of food.d。
. .. walk long distances on the hot sand。
e. 。
. only grow about 400 cm tall。
f ... have flowers which are 3 — 4 cm across。
g。
are traditional hunter-gatherers, who do not grow food。
3 Now, work together with a partner to make some sentences about the San people and the hoodia plant. Speak， do not write。
Unit 1(商务英语阅读教程1)
Homework
1.Summarize the main idea of the the Supplementary Reading on P9 with no more than 50 words. 2.Finish P10 Part V Test Yourself
Note on the Text
1. Enrolling in college is one step toward fulfilling our vision of the future．进入大学是完成将来梦想的第一步。 enroll in：登记入学，入伍，入会等。 如： It's too late to enroll in that class．现在报名进那个班太晚了。 2. Goal-setting involves developing a list of things you would like to achieve in your personal or professional lives-your goals． 设立目标包括列出一些你在个人生活和职业生活中想要完成的事情—— 即你的目标。 3. Understanding what success means to you and the level of success you are willing to accept in life is one of the first stages of new venture planning． 理解成功对你的意义和生活中你想获得的成功水平是计划新事业的第一 步。
Homework
1. If each country’s business had a national style or personality, what would the Chinese business personality be? Discuss how business in China typically operates. 2. Discuss the last time you had to strike a balance in order to reach an agreement about something? 3. Report on the similarities and differences in management of the multinationals (IKEA, TESCO, Walmart, P&G, etc.) in China. 4. Read Text B
Unit1 高级英语阅读ppt
move about much more freely to support your lifestyle
than someone with
decreases significantly
With a mountain of possessions
By shedding costly possessions
Graphic design, and software engineering on the ground 在旅途中
find jobs…, working or volunteering in…
Para.8
Language points
tradeoff between money and possessions for time and freedom is not a deterrent of the lifestyle, 阻碍 but rather a major draw 吸引力
yet
for some individuals
the romanticized idea of
living wihtout a permanent address
exploring the far reaches of the globe
is a reality
Para.3
modern nomads have found ways to exist earning money maitaining relationships paying bills
the benefits and drawbacks are
lessons might be learned from this lifestyle
2020-2021学年牛津译林版英语七年级下册 Unit1 阅读理解(有答案)
译林牛津英语7年级下册Unit 1阅读理解随堂练习1Mrs. Black goes to buy a fish with her daughter. She doesn’t know how to cook it, so she asks the shopkeeper to write down the way of cooking it on a note. She puts the note in her daughter’s p ocket and then they leave the shop with the fish.On their way home, a black cat sees them and follows them. Suddenly(突然) the cat jumps at her, takes the fish away from her quickly and runs off at once. Mrs. Black runs after it, but she can’t run faster than it. At last she stops, not knowing what to do. But she suddenly remembers(想起) something. She laughs and shouts at the cat, “You don’t know how to cook it. The note is still in my daughter’s pocket!”() 1. _______ tells Mrs. Black how to cook the fish.A. The catB. Mr. BlackC. The shopkeeperD. Mrs. Black’s daughter() 2. _______ enjoys the fish, too.A. The catB. Mrs. BlackC. The shopkeeperD. Mrs. Black’s daughter() 3.But she suddenly remembers something. Here “something” means “_______”.A. the fishB. the shopC. the noteD. the cat() 4. Which of the following statements is wrong(错误的)?A. The cat takes the f ish away from the shop.B. The woman can’t catch up with the cat.C. The cat takes the fish away from Mrs. Black.D. Mrs. Black and her daughter goes to a shop to buy a fish.() 5. Which of the following statements is right?A. The cat goes home with the two women.B. The daughter writes the note for her mother.C.The cat can’t eat the fish because it doesn’t know how to cook it.D. Mrs. Bl ack is foolish (愚蠢的).2Dear Kitty:News! We have a new flat! The rooms are small, but they are comfortable. There are morerooms here than in our old flat. This is good because now I have my own room. In the old flat, I share with my sister.My bedroom is my favourite room in our flat. I can be alone in it. I can read or draw. I can listen to my radio or play CDs. I can play games on my computer and send e-mails to my friends.My second favorite room is the kitchen. I love helping my mother cook our meals. She is a very good cook. She is teaching me how to make many different kinds of dishes. She lived in Morocco when she was a girl, and she can cook M oroccan food. It’s very delicious. That’s all for now.Write soon and tell me about your home. Please get on the Internet so that we can sende-mails to each other.All good wishes!Anna1. What is the main idea of this article?A. Ann a tells Kitty something about her family’s new flat.B. Kitty lives with her family in America.C. Anna likes her bedroom.D. Anna’s mother is teaching her Moroccan food.2. What is the difference between the old flat and the new one?A. The rooms in the new flat are big.B. The rooms in the old flat were smaller.C. There are more rooms in the new flat.D. There are more rooms in the old flat.3. Why is Anna very happy with the new flat?A. Because she has to share a room.B. Because she has a big room.C. Because she has a small room.D. Because she has her own room.4. Which room is Anna’s favorite?A. The living room.B. The kitchen.C. The bedroom.D. The bathroom.5. What does Anna do in the kitchen?A. She helps her mother cook their meals.B. She plays computer games.C. She teaches her mother how to cook.D. She reads about Moroccan food.3Who Pays the Money?It's Saturday. Han Ling has no classes today. She wants to buy a new dress. Her mother is at work, so she is going to the shop with her father. They go there by car. But her father doesn't like going shopping, so Han Ling does the shopping and her father sits in the car and waits for（等候）her.There are a lot of people in the shop. It is very crowded. Han Ling looks at the clothes and chooses（挑选）. Her father waits and waits. About an hour goes by(过去了), Han Ling doesn't come out. Her father is worried about her. "Why does she stay in the shop for so long?" He comes out from the car. Just now(正在这时), a man comes up to him. "Excuse me. Are you Han Ling's father?" "Yes." "Han Ling is waiting for you. She doesn't have enough(足够的) money. " "Oh, I see."Then he follows(跟随) the man into the shop. Han Ling is very happy to see her father. She chooses a nice green dress. After her father pays(交付) the money, they go home together(一起). ( )1. What does Han Ling's father do when she does some shopping?A. He follows Han Ling.B. He takes Han Ling.C. He reads newspapers.D. He sits in his car.( )2. -Why does Han Ling do shopping for so long a time? -Because_______.A. she buys too many thingsB. she can't choose（选择）clothesC. she has no enough moneyD. she can't find the way out( )3. How does Han Ling's father know the truth(真相)?A. Han Ling tells him about it.B. A man tells him.C. Han Ling calls him up.D. Han Ling's father asks Han Ling about it.( )4. Why does Han Ling feel happy when she sees father come in?A. Father can pay for the dress.B. She can go home with him.C. She misses him very much.D. She doesn't stay in the shop.4I still remember the way Grandma said goodbye to me when I packed my bags and got ready to go back to London after spending a summer holiday at home in Suzhou last year."Work hard and don't miss home, " she told me at the door, trying hard to hold back her tears (眼泪) , and then she walked back into the house before I got into Dad's car. I sawGrandma's lonely body slowly disappearing (消失) from my eyes. A sudden feeling(感受) of guilt came up. I wanted to call out to Grandma, to see her one more time, but at that moment, I found myself helplessly silent(沉默的).What I wanted was not just to spend a few more minutes, or even days with Grandma. I wished that I hadn't lived abroad(在国外) and we had stayed together for the past 17 years. But I knew, it would never be possible.She has always encouraged (鼓励) her grandchildren to study hard and run after their dreams. But with that, she was also saying goodbye to them. One by one, all three of her grandchildren have left, for good universities (大学), good jobs in big cities, and at last a good life in the West.We don't live with her, like kites flying high in the sky, but we will always be connected to(相连) the people who help us grow into who we are.( ) 1. The writer most probably(最可能) lives in now.A. SuzhouB. BeijingC. LondonD. Shanghai( ) 2. What does the underlined word "guilt" mean in Chinese?A.庆幸B. 内疚C. 无助D. 激动( ) 3. What did the writer really want to do when getting ready to leave?A. To let Grandma go with her.B. To stay with Grandma for more days.C. To talk to Grandma for a longer time.D. To make up(弥补) the time she didn't spend with Grandma.( ) 4. What do we know about the writer's cousins?A. The writer has three cousins.B. They work in big cities in China now.C. They live abroad now.D. They graduated(毕业) from foreign (外国的) universities.( ) 5. In which part of the newspaper can we find this passage?A.Family.B. Culture（文化）.C. Science.D. Travel.5."Dreams may be more important than sleep. We all need to dream," some scientists say. Dreams take up about one quarter of our sleeping time. People have several dreams each night. Dreams are like short films. They are usually in colour. Some dreams are like old films. They come to us over and over again. That may be because the dreamer is worrying about something. Dreaming may be a way of trying to find an answer. Some people get new ideas about their work from dreams. They may have been thinking about their work all day. These thoughts(想法) can carry over into dreams. Sometimes we wake up with a good feeling from a dream. But often we can't remember（记住）the dream. Dreams can disappear quickly from memory（记忆）. Too much dreaming can be harmful. The more we sleep, the longer we dream. The mind is hard at work when we dream. That is why we may have a long sleep and still wake up tired.( )1.It may be less important to sleep than to____________.A. thinkB. dreamC. workD. study( )2.Dreams and films are usually ____.A. very longB. in colourC. about workD. very sad( )3.Why do some people often dream about their work?A.Because they are tired in the daytime.B. Because they are not interested in their work.B.Because they may be thinking about their work all day.D. Because they have too much work to do.( )4.The main idea of the story is that ____.A.what dream isB. people like to sleepC. dreams are like filmsD. we always remember dreams译林牛津英语7年级下册Unit 1阅读理解随堂练习答案(1) 1-5 CACAD(2) 1-5 ACDCA(3) 1-4 DCBA(4) 1-5 CBDCA(5) 1-4 BBCA。
统编版四年级英语上册第一单元主题阅读附答案
统编版四年级英语上册第一单元主题阅读附答案以下是统编版四年级英语上册第一单元主题阅读的内容及答案。
主题阅读一：A New Student文章内容：My name is Lisa. I am nine years old. I am a new student at Sunshine Elementary School. I am from Canada. I can speak Englishand a little bit of Chinese. I like playing soccer and painting. I have a pet dog named Max. He is very cute.问题：1. What is the name of the new student?2. How old is Lisa?3. Where is Lisa from?4. What languages can Lisa speak?5. What are Lisa's hobbies?6. Does Lisa have a pet? What is its name?答案：1. The name of the new student is Lisa.2. Lisa is nine years old.3. Lisa is from Canada.4. Lisa can speak English and a little bit of Chinese.5. Lisa's hobbies are playing soccer and painting.6. Yes, Lisa has a pet. Its name is Max.主题阅读二：My Family文章内容：I have a small family. There are four people in my family. My father's name is John. He is a doctor. My mother's name is Mary. She is a teacher. I have a younger sister. Her name is Lily. She is seven years old. We love each other very much.问题：1. How many people are there in the family?2. What is the father's name?3. What is the father's occupation?4. What is the mother's name?5. What is the mother's occupation?6. How old is the younger sister?答案：1. There are four people in the family.2. The father's name is John.3. The father is a doctor.4. The mother's name is Mary.5. The mother is a teacher.6. The younger sister is seven years old.以上是统编版四年级英语上册第一单元主题阅读的内容及答案。
商务英语阅读1 Unit 1
Part II：Voice of Courage
I Background knowledge 1. Know abt
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Franklin D. Roosevelt(1882–1945), 32nd President of the United States, commonly known as FDR who served as the 32nd President of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945.
A Democrat, he won a record four presidential elections and emerged as a central figure in world events during the mid-20th century.
He directed the United States government during most of the Great Depression and World War II.
Although its causes are still uncertain and controversial, the net effect was a sudden and general loss of confidence in the economic future.
What 's the function of Roosevelt talk?
As a dominant leader of his party, he built the New Deal Coalition, realigning American politics into the Fifth Party System and defining American liberalism throughout the middle third of the 20th century. He is often rated by scholars as one of the three greatest U.S. Presidents, along with George Washington and Abraham Lincoln.
商务英语阅读教程Unit 1
Unit 1 EducationPart I Pre-reading Questionscation is generally defined as the process of learning and acquiring information. Formal learning in a school or university is one of the most common types. It is generally classified into three types: school education, family education and social education.cation plays an important role in our lives, the function of which includes cultivating high-quality and knowledgeable talents, providing work-force for the development of economy and creating scientific knowledge for our nation.3.It hasn’t realized the elimination of social inequality. Because of realistic and historical reasons, there still exists unfairness in the area of education. Take China for example, the deficiency of educational investment is a prominent problem. Some children in poor areas can’t be equally educated compared with the children in cities.Part II Extensive ReadingText A Getting In Gets Harder1.主旨归纳：The article begins with the story that the student named Maxine fails to apply to Northwestern University, and then the article indicates the situation where the number of applications is increasing in recent years, so universities become selective. Maxine decides to apply to other universities after being rejected from Northwestern University.2.结构分析Part I The introduction: the experience of Maxine Wally who gets rejected from Northwestern University (Para. 1)Part II The body: the difficult situation where the number of applications begins to increase, which makes universities more selective (Paras. 2-7)Part III The conclusion: Universities take measures to confront the overflowing applications. (Paras. 8-10)3. 难句解析(1) For students like Maxine who are applying to college for next fall, that dream is turning out to be frustratingly unobtainable. (Para. 2)如今有很多像玛克辛一样正在申请秋季入学的学生，他们感受到这样的梦想遥不可及，希望非常渺茫。
Unit 1阅读理解专项训练-人教版英语九年级全册(含解析)
人教版英语九年级上册专项训练Unit 1阅读理解学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读单选Interesting Festivals in the World1．How many festivals are mentioned in the passage?A．One.B．Two.C．Three.D．Four.2．Where will you probably go to enjoy one of the festivals above in May? A．Spain.B．England.C．The United States.D．Thailand. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A．The tomatoes are thrown into the crowd to eat.B．Not all the festivals above fall on the single day.C．Burning a large real man is the best part of the festival.D．Songkran is the only reason for attracting lots of tourists.4．The passage is most probably taken from ________.A．a tour guide B．a science report C．a storybook D．a fashion magazineI used to hate my mother because she worked a lot and didn’t spend much time with me. Then one Friday morning I took part in a three-day self-help program for teenagers. Whether you believe it or not, that weekend changed my life.About 100 other teenagers were there. During the first two days I met a lot of great people. I was glad because I made so many friends there.On Sunday, the leader did an interesting exercise called “Chocolate or Toys”. He asked a girl which she liked better, chocolate or toys. She chose chocolate. Then he asked her to choose again between chocolate and chocolate. Of course, she didn’t have a choice.This exercise told us that sometimes we don’t have a choice in life, and that sometimes we have to accept something, rather than complaining(抱怨).A girl stood up and started talking about her mom who was a drug addict(吸毒者) and how much she hated her mother.“I want a new mom,” she cried.“Unluckily, you can’t have one,” the leader replied. “You have to accept the mother that you have.”This hit me hard. I realized that, for better or worse, my mom was my mom. I couldn’t choose another mom, but I could try to make the best of the situation.5．The writer used to hate his mother because ________.A．she had no time to be with himB．she didn’t care for himC．she was too strict with himD．she was a drug addict6．The self-help program for teenagers lasted ________.A．only one day B．two days C．three days D．a week7．What can we learn from the passage?A．The writer’s mom is a very bad person.B．The writer used to love his mom for years.C．The writer’s mom loves her son very much.D．The writer will try to get along with his mother.8．What is the main idea of this passage?A．Choices can be made as we like.B．Everyone should take part in a self-help program.C．Chocolate can influence one’s attitude(态度) towards things.D．We should try to accept things instead of complaining about them.二、阅读判断A long time ago, somebody gave Paris the name “City of Light”, and for years, artists have tried to put the light and colors of Paris into pictures.The River Seine which winds through the center of Paris is a favorite scene because it’s a peaceful place in the heart of the busy city. Old men spend hours fishing from the banks of the river. They don’t catch many fish, but they don’t mind. They enjoy just being by the river. Many people spend hours walking along the river or relaxing under the old trees. It’s so pleasant to buy some cheese, some wine and a long loaf(条) of French bread and then have a picnic here on a sunny day. Sometimes you see an unusual sight, like a man padding a kayak(小艇) down the river. A bridge crosses the river to the Latin Quarter, which is the home of many artists and writers.根据短文内容，正确（T），错误（F）。
雅思阅读Unit1
UNIT 1 EducationEducati on over the past 100 yearsA The education of our young people is one of the most important aspects （方面）of anycom mun ity, and ideas about what and how to teach reflect the accepted attitudes and un spoke n beliefs of society. These ideas cha nge as local customs and attitudes cha nge, and these cha nges are reflected in the curriculum [k?'rikj ?l ?m]（课程）,teachi ng and assessme nt [?'sesm? nt]（评价）methods and the expectati ons of how both stude nts and teachers should behave.B Teach ing in the late 1800s and early 1900s was very differe nt from today. Rules for teachersat the time in the USA covered both the teacher ' s duties andthektcon行为）out ofclass as well. Teacher at that time were expected to set a good example to their pupils and to behave in a very virtuous [ v?t?u?s]'（有道德的）and proper manner. Women teachers should not marry, nor should they‘ keep company with men. ' They had to wear long dresses and no bright colours and they were not permitted to dye （染色）their hair. They were not allowed to loiter [ l?it?]（闲荡）dow ntow n in an ice cream store, and wome n were n ot allowed to go out in the eve nings uni ess to a school function, although men were allowed one evening a week to take their girlfrie nds out if they went to church regularly. No teachers were allowed to drink alcohol. They were allowed to read only good books such as the Bible, and they were give n a pay in crease of 25c （25 cen ts） a week after five years of work for the local school.C As well as this long list of ‘ dos'该做与不该做bn）：tesdhers had certain duties to perform each day .In country schools, teachers were required to keep the coal bucket full for the classroom fire, and to bring a bucket of water each day for the childre n to drink. They had to make the pens for their students to write with and to sweep （打扫）the floor and keep the classroom tidy. However, despite this list of duties, little was stipulated [ stipjuletid]（规定）about the content of the teach ing, nor about assessme nt methods.D Teachers would have been expected to teach the three ‘ r-feading, writing and arithmetic [? r ri ®k]ri?算术），and to teach the children about Christianity [,kristi ?n ?ti]（基督教精神）’and read from the Bible every day. Education in those days was much simpler than it is today and covered basic literacy [ lit ?r?si]'（读写能力）skills and religious education. They would almost certainly have used corporal[ k?rp?r?l] punishment （体罚）such as a stick or the strap [str?p]（皮条）on naughty or unruly children, and the children would have sat together in pairs in long rows in the classroom. They would have bee n expected to sit quietly and to do their work, copy ing long rows of letters or doing basic maths sums （算术题）.Farm ing childre n in country areas wouldhave had only a few years of schooli ng and would probably have left school at 12 or 14 years of age to join their pare nts in farm work.E Compare this with a country school in the USA today! If you visited today, you would see the children sitting in groups round large tables, or even on the floor. They would be working together on a range of different activities, and there would almost certainly be one or more computers in the classroom. Childre n no wadays are allowed and even expected to talk quietly to each other while they work, and they are also expected to ask their teachers questions and to actively en gage in （参力口finding out in formatio n for themselves, in stead of just liste ning to the teacher.F There are no rules of con duct for teachers out of the classroom, and they are not expected toperform caretaking (照顾学生)duties such as cleaning the classroom or making pens, but nevertheless(虽然如口此)their jobs are much harder than they were in the 1900s. Teachers today are expected to work hard on planningtheir lessons, to teach creatively and to stimulate [stimj?'let](激励)childre n ' s min ds, and there are strict proto((o条款)about assessme nt acrossthe whole of the USA. Corporal puni shme nt is illegal, and any teacher who hit a child would be dismissed (开除)in sta ntly. Ano ther big differe nee is that most state schools in wester n coun tries are secular [ sekj?l?](现世的),so religious teaching is not part of the curriculum.G These cha nges in educatio nal methods and ideas reflect cha nges in our society in gen eral. Childre n in wester n coun tries no wadays come from all part of the globe and they bring differe nt cultures, religi ons and beliefs to the classroom. It is no Ion ger con sidered acceptable or appropriate [ ?'pr?upri?t](合适的)for state schools to teach about religious beliefs. Ideas about the value and purpose of education have also changed and with the increasing sophistication [s?,fisti kei?n](复杂)of workplaces and life skills needed for a successful career, the curriculum has also expanded to try to prepare children for the challenges of a diverse [dai v?s](多种多样的) work ing com mun ity. It will be in terest ing to see how these cha nges con ti nue into the future as our society and culture grows and develops.4. _ Teach ing content in the past___ Teaching in the prese nt___ Rules for teachers in the past___ The importa nee of educati onal beliefs___ Chan ges in teach ing and in society___ Teachings duties in the past___ Rules for teachers in the prese ntD E B A G C F5. (1) ___ Stude nts as Classroom Researchers(2) ____ In creas ing Teacher Expectatio ns(3) ____ Teachers as School Clea ners(4) ____ Educatio n as Preparati on for Worki ng Life(5) ____ Teach ing as a Mirror of Societal Beliefs(6) ____ Expectati ons of Early Teachers(7) ____ A Basic CurriculumE F C G A B D(8) In the early 1900s wome n teachers were:A allowed to get married after five yearsB not allowed to read the Bible at schoolC allowed to go to school eventsD allowed to wear colorful dresses(9) In the early 1900s teachers did not have to :A sweep the floor and fill the coal bucketB ask the stude nts to do group workC teach read ing ,writ ing and arithmeticD teach about the Bible and Christia nity(10) In the early 1900s ,the childre n:A sat in order and were not allowed to speak in classB were not smacked if they were n aughtyC stayed at school un til they were at least 15D lear ned how to speak a foreig n Ian guage(11) Nowadays ,childre n:A must sit quietly and work by themselvesB have access to computersC may not ask the teacher questio nsD must do research after school ,not in school timeC B A B(12) Nowadays ,teachers :A must pla n their classes carefullyB have strict assessme nt pla ns to followC may smack n aughty childre nD teach childre n to thi nk for themselvesE in sist on sile nee in the classroomF may not smoke after work hoursG may not teach about religi on in state schoolsa b d gEducati onal ideas and methods gen erally ____ the way people think in any society .People 'attitudes to what is importa nt can in flue nee the expectatio ns of teachers' behavior in a community .For example , in the 1900' ,teachers had to _______________________________ according to a set of strictrules ,and there were many things they were not ________________ to do , such as drinkalcohol .Nowadays ,the __________ of teachers outside the classroom is not consideredimportant ,because ideas have changed. In the 1900s there was a list of caretaking _________ forteachers ,but nowadays this does not happen 」deas about discipline have also cha nged . puni shme nt was a com mon form of discipli ne in the past ,but this is _________________________________now.Reflect behave permitted con duct duties Corporal illegal(20) The writer ' main idea is that: dA educati on is very importa nt for young peopleB ideas about educati on cha nge all the timeC society cha nges as educati onal ideas cha ngeD educati onal ideas cha nge as our society cha nges6. ________ A . i s a key part of effective educ ati on ‘because stude nts and teachers n eed to know whatSeati ng arran geme ntshas bee n lear ned and un derstood .B. ______ The best schools have high _________ of the students' achievement」n theseschools ,stude nts ,teachers and pare nts share a similar ___ to the importa nee of hard work andstudy ,and all _____ of educati on are valued .C Changes in lifestyle ,such ans bigger houses and more car ownership , ________________ the developme nt of our economy .D In modern schools , _________ a ctivities such as free writing are encouraged ,and there is a____________ which offers a ______ of subject choices to meet the n eeds and in terests of each pupil .There is an in creas ing level of ____________ in the curriculum to meet the n eeds of the workplace .E Stude nts who _______ i n school activities gen erally do better tha n those who are notin terested .F In most schools ,smok ing is not ______ on the gro unds .G ________ skills such as readi ng and writi ng are an importa nt ____ f or success in life .H This IELTS readi ng book n eeds to in clude _______ readi ng passage which are similar tothose found in the read ing test . Writers n eed to ____ len gth ,topic and writi ng style .Assessme ntexpectati ons ,attitude ,aspectsreflectCreative ,diverse curriculum ,range ,sophisticati on .ParticipateLiteracy,basisAppropriate ,con sidercatio n importa nt aspect of societyIdeas cha nges as _______ cha ngesChan ges affect -curriculum ,teach ing and assessme nt-expectati ons of ____ and _______Rules for teachers in 1900s -duties and______Con duct -set a good _____ t o stude ntsExample : Wome n could not ___________Clothes rules: _____________Social life: ___________Reading: ____________Duties-had to ________________________Subject-readi ng , _______ , _________ , ________Pun ishme nt ______________________________Seati ng arran geme nts : pairs , seats in ______Teachi ng style: sit ____________________________Teachi ng style ____________________________Rules for teachers ____________________________May not teach religi onMay not _______ childre nEducati on in the 2000s is to help childre n with the ____ for worki ng life答案：societyTeachers stude ntsRules for teachers in 1900s con ductExampleSmoke ,dri nk alcohol ,get marriedLong dresses ,no bright colors ,no hair dyeon ly school related events ,no visit ing menThe Bible and good books onlyKeep the coal bucket full ,bring water for children ,sharpen pens ,sweep floor ,keep classroom tidy 1900s -teach ing -strict and in flexibleWriti ng ,arithmetic ,BibleCorporal -hit with stick or strapRowsQuietly ,copy from the board2000s - teach ing -looser and more flexibleGroupsCreative ,do research ,ask questi ons ,work togetherNo rules about con duct outside classroomSmack or hitSkills9.Word option 1 opti on 2 opti on 3 part ofspeech Virtuous strict well behaved tidy adj.Keep compa ny go out with talk tostart a bus in esswithv.Loiter talk to people eat food in public stay for a while v.Fun cti on use meet ing lesso n n.Stipulated required needed discussed v.(p.p.) Corporal army physical severe adj. Un ruly pretty badly behaved young adj. Protocols ideas nu mbers rules n(pl)Illegal sick aga inst the law n aughty adj Secular in cities not religious gover nment fundedadj。
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阅读材料Unit 1一.阅读课文,选择正确答案.( ) 1. Unless we deal with our problems, we can easily_________.A.become happyB. become richC. become unhappyD. become poor ( ) 2. _____ have probably been angry with our friends, parents or teacher. A. Most of us B. Some of us C. All of us D. None of us( ) 3. Many students often complain about school. They might feel_____ sometimes.A.they have too much time to playB. they have too much homework to doC.they have no time to playD. they have no money to buy things ( ) 4. By comparing yourself to other people, you will find your problems are_____.A. not so goodB. not so terribleC. very badD. peffect( ) 5. How do we deal with our problems? _______.A. By learning to forgetB. By reg arding problems as challenges.C. By thinking of something worseD. All of above.二.用所给词的正确形式填空.1. Sometimes they have ________(agreement) and decide ________(not talk) to each other.2. It is our duty _________(try) our best ________( keep) our city clean.3. I think __________(play) computer games is ___________(important) for you now.4. I often learn English by __________(listen) to English songs.5. Don’t complain about _____________( do) too much homework every day.三. 完成英语. 1. I’ll get someone else ______ ______ ______ (对付)them.2. Yesterday he _____ _____ _______ (对…..生气) her for keeping him so long.3. We should _____ ______ ________ (尽力) to learn English well.4. Let’s ______ _______ ________(面对挑战).5. I think I can learn English well ______ _____ ______ _______ (在…的帮助下)our teachers.四. 完成对话. A: Excuse me. B: Yes?A:______________________________? B: My favorite subject is English.A:______________________________? B: I learn by watching English-language videos.A:______________________________? B: For two years.A: ______________________________? B: Yes, I have studied with a group. A: Thank you for answering my questions. B:_____________________>Unit 2一:根据短文选择最佳答案:( ) 1.The mother looked after the son _______ she could.A.as good asB.as well asC.so patient as( ) 2.Although Aspis had many failures ,he was successful ________.A.at the endB.at the end ofC.in the end( ) 3.It seems _____ you are the first one here .A.asB.ifC.as if( ) 4.Smoking is bad for your health .You should _______.A.give upB.give it upC.give up it( ) 5.He refused to tell me ________.A.anything importantB.important anythingC.any thing important 二:根据短文完成句子：1.I _______ _________ _________（付不起）such a price for I am short of money.2.________ ________ _________ ________（使我大为惊奇的是）he left here without telling anybody anything.3.It was not long before the boy ________ ________ _________（惹祸）.4.He________ ________ ________（过去常常）cause a lot of trouble.5.We _________ _________ ________ ________(已做出决定) to go abroad next summer.6.I’ll stand by you __________ __________(即使) you don’t succeed.7.Smith works in a bank .He ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(对….感到极大的自豪) such a job.三：动词的适当形式填空：One night , a 5-year-old son__________(teach) by his mother about God. “Do you know that God __________(know) where everybody is,and exactly what they are doing .So if you do something wrong ,he __________(get) angry .”The little boy _______(look) at his mother and said , “Wow!He must ________(have) a computer.”四：完成对话：A：Hello !May I speak to Linda?B: ________.Who is ________?A:This is Tom. B:Hi,Tom!What’s the matter?A:There is _________ ________ with my computer .It doesn’t ________.B:______ you repair it?A:I _________ think so.And my father isn’t _____. He has gone to New York on business.B:Don’t _________.I’ll ask my father to help you. He is a computer engineer .I’m ______ he can solve the problem. A:That’s good news !Thank you very much.Unit Three Reading PracticeI.Say “Yes” or “No” to the following sentences according to the text; ( )1.Many teenagers have hobbies.But these hobbies can always get in the way of schoolwork.( )2.Teenagers often think their parents should allow them to practice their hobbies as much as they want.( )3.Liu Yu wants to be a professional basketball player.( )4.Liu Yu’s parents think Liu Yu can achieve his dreams.( )5.Liu Yu’s parents didn’t allow him to make decisions for himself. ( )6.The only thing Liu Yu has wanted to do is being a professional runner. ( )7.Liu Yu’s parents allow him to practice from Monday night to Friday night.( )8.You can guess Liu Yu become a professional runner at last.II.Finish the sentences:1.I should_____ ________ _______(被允许)make my own decisions.2.These hobbies can______ _______ _________ _________(妨碍)of schoolwork.3.I want to see you______ ______ ________(实现梦想).4.Liu Yu agrees with his parents____ _____ ______(最后).5.My parents allow me_____ _________ ___________(练习跑步).6.They aren’t _______ ________(足够认真)at that age.7.I want to______ _______ ________ -________(休息一晚).III.Finish the blanks:Many teenagers have hobbies and they think they should _________(allow) to practice their hobbies as much as they want.But their parents _________(worry) about their success.For example,Liu Yu is sixteen years old.He is a running star and is onhis school_______ (run) team.He has always wanted ________(be) a professional athlete.But his parents won’t _________(let) him________(train) as much as he would like to.They think they have nothing against _________(run),but they think their son __________(need) to be realistic.What ______ (happen) if he ________________(not become) a professional runner?Liu Yu thinks he should be allowed ____________ (make) ______________(decide) for himself.His parents always teach him how___________(study) hard.But ________(be) a professional runner is the only thing he has ever wanted ________(do).Liu Yu ____________(not allow) to practice__________(run) on school nights.They think it is a difficult dream________(achieve).Their son must ____________(spend) his time ___________(learn) knowledge.Liu Yu thinks he must make a decision for himself.Only then will he ___________(have) a chance of __________(achieve) his dream.III.Practice the tenses:1.English dictionaries _____________(use) every day.2.He can’t go in if he __________(not allow).3.I think our classroom must ____________( clean) once a day.4.Math ___________(teach) by Miss Zheng.5.English should_____________(speak) in English class.6.She wants to get her vegetables_____________(wash).7.Please don’t have your nose____________(pierce).8.Trees must___________(plant) every spring.Reading of Unit FourI.Choose the best answer:( )1.What does Martin Robinson do?A: a famous teacher B:a nice programmer C:a writer D:a doctor( )2.What would you do if you cut yourself by accident?A:Cover with a clean cloth B:Press it hard C:see a doctor D:All above( )3.If your grandma fell downstairs and wasn’t moving,you should first_________.A:stay with her B;make her comfortable C:call the hospital D:not worry( )4.What would you do if you injured your knee while running?A:Go on running B:Stop the pain C:Stop exercising D:Rest a few days( )5.What should you do if your friend offers you cigarettes at a party?A:Smoke it B:Say no C:Thanks D:Good idea( )6.You get pimples when you are nervous.What should you do?A:Don’t be nervous. B.Eat candy C:Have much water.D:Smile.( )7.If you meet your “internet friend”,you should________.A:go alone B: tell your parents first C:don’t be afraid D:braveII.Finish the sentences:1.If I________(是)you,I________ __________(穿) a shirt.2.If I________(有) a million dollars,I________ _________(买)snacks.3.______ ________(如果…怎么办) he doesn’t come?4.But you always ______ ______ _______(想出) good________(方法) to people’s problems.5.Don’t______your teachers _________(让…失望).6.I don’t like _________ __________(作演讲).7.If he________(割)his hand______ ________(偶然),what would he do?8.You should____ ____ ___ ______(大量饮水)and ask your doctor forsome______(建议).III.Fill in the blanks:A:Where are you going ,Larry? B:I________(go)to Tom’s Party.A:Lucky you! B:I’d love________(go) to that party.A:Well,I’m a little nervous.I don’t know what _________(wear).A:If I______(be) you,I___________(wear) a shirt and tie.B:What if everyone else is ________(wear)jeans and T-shirts.A:Oh ,you shouldn’t________(worry) about what other people are_____(wear).B:And I don’t have a present.What if everyone _________(bring) a present?A:If I ______(be) you,I____________(take) a small present-a pen or something. ________(keep) it in your pocket and if everyone has a present, you can____ (give) him yours.If not, you can keep it. B:Ok.But what if I don’t know anyone? A;If you don’t know anyone ,you can_____(talk)to Tom.He will _______(introduce) you to people. B:I guess I can do that.A:Look!You’re sure______(have) fun.But if you’re still nervous,you can___(leave).IV.Finish the tenses:1.English must___________(read) every day.2.Our classroom__________(clean) twice a day.3.These bikes should___________(put) here.4.If he _______(be) here,he_______(help) you.5.Basketball___________(play) all over the world.6.If she_________(have) a million dollars,she____________(give) it to charity.7.If she__________(not come) this afternoon,she_________(miss) the lessons.8.Lots of homework ____________(do) every day.9.Advice can ___________(give) to him.10.These problems should______________(solve) at once.11.Anna wants to get her mouth ______________(pierce).The reading of Unit Six一：Choose the best answer:1.Who thinks the food tastes good for health?A.Peter and TonyB.Tony and LauraC.Peter and Laura2.Who never eats fast food ann meat? A:Laura B.Peter C.Tony3.What food can increase the risk of cancer?A.burnt foodB.fast foodC.fruits and vegetablesD.the food that tastes good4.Who is a strict vegetarian? ura B.Tony C.Peter5.We should eat _______ to keep healthy? A.a balanced dietB.too much burnt foodC.too much fast foodD.fruits and vegetables二：Finish the sentences:1.I prefer music that ________ _______ _________(有优美的歌词) .2.I love singers who ______ ______ ______ ________(能自己谱写的音乐).3.He likes musicians who ______ _____ _____ _____ ____(演奏不同的音乐)4.He _______ me _________ my bother(使…想起).5.I ________ pop music __________ country music.(比起….更喜欢)6.________ ________ _________ ,I only like eating fruits.(老实说)7.His mother told her son to ________ _______ ________(远离) fire.8.Eating burnt food can increase ______ _____ _____ ____(癌症的发病率). 三：Fill in the blanks:Dear Tom,I_______(have) a great time in Hong kong ,although I have to be honest and say that I prefer Shanghai .Still,it’s a great place_________(visit) and I’m lucky______(be) here for my __________(six month) English couse.Some other students ___________(learn) French.I might like to learn it too.What language would you like _________(learn).There’s just so much________(see) and do here .Last night I ______(go) to a Chinese music concert.Most of my friends _______(like) loud music that they can _______(dance) to.I prefer quiet ,traditional music so the concert __________(suit) me just fine .What kind of music do you like?Before the concert we ________(go) for Italian food .Do you like it?There are lots of different kinds of food here .I don’t know what ___________(try) next.What kinds of food do you prefer? My host family __________(take) me to an Indian film festival next weekend. I’m not sure what __________(expect) because I’ve never______(see) an Indian film before .Have you?Some people say they’re boring,but others say they’re great.What kinds of films do you prefer?Yours,Lingling四：Using “who, that ,which”to fill in the blanks:1.I like music ___I can sing along with.2.Rosa likes music_____is quiet and gentle.3.I love musicians ________ play different kinds of music.4.We prefer music _____has great lyrics.5.I like clothes ______are unusual.6.He is the doctor_______ we often talk about .7.Those are the things _____ I lost in the street yesterday.8.Watch carefully everything______ the teacher will do.五：Choose the best answer:( )1.I like to live in a house____is big and bright.A:that B.who C.how D./ ( )2.The man ____ we visited yesterday is a famous writer.A.whichB.whatC.whoD.when( )3.-What do you think of the film____ “The Myth”?-It’s beautiful and interesting.A.calledB.to callC.which calledD.calling( ) 4.This is a good piece of song for us to_______.A.dancingB.dancing toC.dance withD.dance to( )5. Who can make the naughty boy______ quiet?A. to beB. to keepC. keepsD. keep( )6.This picture _____me of my primary school teacher.A. talksB. tellsC. remindsD. asks( )7.Be sure ___late for the meeting. A.to be B.not to be C.not being D.not be ( )8. The woman likes both the hats, she can’t decide_____.A. to buy which oneB.which to buy oneC.which one to buyD.one to buy which( )9. What would you like to eat? Would you like _____?A. any cakesB. some cakesC. some orangeD. any bread( )10. It was windy outside, we had to keep the window _____ that day.A. closeB. to closeC. closedD. closing( )11. Great news! The police have caught the man______ stole our car.A. whichB. whoC. whenD. what( )12.Lin Tao is ____honest boy, so we all like him. A.the B.an C. / D.a ( )13. –Will it be OK if I come around at three?-Yes, that’ll _____me fine. A. fit B.meet C.suit D.match ( )14.Which do you___, juice or milk? “Milk.” A.like B.take C.enjoy D.prefer ( )15. If he ______alive today, how happy we _____!A.was; will beB. was; would beC. were; would beD. were; will be ( )16.This story happened_____ a Monday morning. A. on B. in C. at D. to ( )17.The baby ______by his grandparents from Monday to Friday.A.was take careB.was taken care ofC.was lookedD.was taken care ( )18.Zhang Hong thinks she is lucky to be in the school for her ___English course. A.seven-month B.seven month C.seven-months D. seven months ( )19.The book __I put on the desk just now is gone.A.whoB.thatC.whyD.where( )20.The music _____my hometown.A.reminds me ofB.reminds of meC.reminding me ofD.remind of me。