系表结构短语
基本句型(2)系表结构
3. Is Helen outdoors? Summer is over. You know what you are after. This book is about Anne Frank, a Jewish girl. I’ve got tired of looking at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows. We are concerned about his health.
Read the following sentences and understand the underlined verbs:
1. I stayed awake. 2. He seemed quiet normal. 3. The weather is getting cooler and cooler. 4. It sounds a good idea. 5. The question remained unsolved
1. The dog’s leg is broken and she is very upset about it. 2. Many people are concerned about our environment. 3. She hasn’t been outdoors for a long time. 4. The window was open and Anni was upstairs. 5. I’m not good at communicating with people.
Complete the sentences according to the context:
1. I was so tired that I fell __________ asleep quickly. 2. Mother gave her a beautiful present. The little girl appeared ___________. happy upset 3. Anne seemed ______ this morning. What’ wrong with her? 4. In summer, food goes ________ easily. bad 5. When you are in trouble, you must keep _________. calm 6. I can’t eat this. I’ve tried it and it tasted ________. terrible
五种基本句型主系表结构
五种基本句型——主系表结构主语＋系动词＋表语主语,主语是五种基本句型都具备的;从位置上来看,主语一般在句子开头,也就是一个句子的“头把交椅”;从意义上理解,主语一般是一个句子的“陈述对象”,后面的一切都是针对主语来说的;主语一般是名词或代词当然还有其他,这里暂且详细讨论系动词是联系动词的简称,顾名思义,它是起到联系作用的动词,是连接主语和表语的;系动词的数量是有限的,常见的只有十来个,我们把它们分成四组,这样有助于我们记忆系动词：一、be动词类：am、is 、are 、was 、were二、表示变化类：become、get 、turn 、grow 、go三、感官动词类: 眼look 耳sound鼻smell舌taste身feel四、表示延续性的动词：remain 、stay 、keep表语从位置上来讲,它总是在系动词后面系动词和表语关系甚为紧密,没有系动词,就没有表语：没有表语,就没有系动词;二从意义上讲,表语通常是来说明主语的性质、特征的;表语通常是由形容词、介词短语、名词、代词、动词不定式、doing 等来充当;上面就是对主系表结构的简要介绍,其中,系动词是主系表结构的核心,它是这个结构的标志,看到了系动词,也就能立刻判断出句子的结构是主系表,因此,记住系动词非常重要;练习找出下面句子中的主语、系动词及表语,并指出主语和表语分别是由什么词性或词类来充当的;1 Tom is a student.2 He is fat.3 I am tired .4 We are students.5 The bag was lost .6 The boy was foolish .7 They were kind.8 She is in the room.9 The books are on the desk.10 Snow is white.11 Kate was here yesterday.12 My father became a teacher in 1978.13 The weather gets hot in summer.14 She looks beautiful.15 The flower smells good.16 We were very happy.17 You are right.18 The soup tastes delicious.19 The chair is yours.20 The children are asleep.21 The story is interesting.22 He feels better today.23 The leaf turns green.24 I stayed awake all the night.25 The weather still remained cold in April.26 The little girl is six.27 My work is to look after the baby.28 His job is taking care of the patient.29 The girl is very pretty.30 He went mad.31 Please don’t get angry.32 The weather is getting colder and colder.33 You look angry.34 She looks like her mother.35 You look unhappy, what’s the matter36 Those roses smell beautiful.37 This tastes nice. What’s in it38 Do you feel happy39 He remained silent.40 The weather is going to stay fine.41 M y job is teaching English．42 She is at home．43 I feel terrible．44 He is older than he looks．他比看上去要老;45 He seen interested in the book．他似乎对这本书感兴趣;46 The story sounds interesting．这个故事听起来有趣;47 The desk feels hard．书桌摸起来很硬;48 The cake tastes nice．饼尝起来很香;49 The flowers smell sweet and nice．花闻起来香甜;50 You have grown taller than before．你长得比以前高了;51 He has suddenly fallen ill．他突然病倒了;52 He stood quite still．他静静地站看;53 He becomes a teacher .．他当了教师;54 He looks well.他面色好;55 It sounds nice.这个听起来不错;56 I feel good.我感觉好;57 The egg smells bad.这个鸡蛋难闻;58 He became a teacher at last.59 His face turned red.60 Is he an English teacher, Chinese teacher or Japanese teacher 他是一个英语、汉语还是日语老师练习答案找出下面句子中的主语、系动词及表语,并指出主语和表语分别是由什么词性或词类来充当的;1 Tom is a student. 汤姆是一个学生;Tom主语,名词a student表语名词2 He is fat. 他很胖;He主语,代词fat表语,形容词3 I am tired .我累了I 主语,代词tired表语,形容词4 We are students.我们是学生;We 主语,代词students表语,名词5 The bag was lost.包丢了;The bag 主语,名词lost丢,形容词,表语6 The boy is foolish.这男孩是愚蠢的;The boy主语,名词foolish愚蠢的,形容词,表语7 They were kind.他们很亲切;They主语,代词kind.亲切的,和蔼的,形容词,表语8 She is in the room.她在屋里;She 主语,代词in the room.在屋里,介词短语,表语9 The books are on the desk.书在桌子上;The books 主语,名词on the desk.在桌子上,介词短语,表语10 Snow is white.雪是白色的;Snow 主语,名词white白色的,形容词,表语11 Kate was here yesterday.凯特昨天在这;Kate主语,名词here 代词,表语yesterday时间状语12 My father became a teacher in 1978.我爸爸在1978年成为一名教师;My father 主语,名词 a teacher名词,表语in 1978.时间状语13 The weather gets hot in summer.夏天,天气变热了;The weather主语,名词hot 形容词表语in summer时间状语14 She looks beautiful.她看起来很漂亮;She 主语,代词beautiful表语,形容词15 The flower smells good.花闻起来很香;The flower 主语,名词good形容词,表语16 We were very happy.我们很高兴;We 主语,代词very happy表语,形容词17 You are right.你对了;You主语,代词right形容词,表语18 The soup tastes delicious.汤尝起来美味;The soup主语,名词delicious美味的,形容词,表语19 The chair is yours.椅子是你的;The chair 主语,名词yours表语,物主代词20 The children are asleep.孩子们睡着了;The children主语,名词asleep表语,形容词21 The story is interesting.这故事挺有趣;The story 主语,名词interesting形容词,表语22 He feels better today.他今天感觉不错;He 主语,代词better 形容词,表语today时间状语23 The leaf turns green. 树叶变绿了;The leaf 主语,名词green表语,形容词24 I stayed awake all the night.我整夜没睡;I 主语,代词awake 形容词,表语all the night时间状语25 The weather still remained cold in April.四月份天气在仍很冷;The weather 主语,名词cold 形容词,表语in April时间状语26 The little girl is six.这小女孩六岁了;The little girl主语,名词six数词,表语27 My work is to look after the baby.我的工作是照看小孩;My work 主语,名词to look after the baby动词不定式短语做表语28 His job is taking care of the patient.他的工作是照顾病人;His job 主语,名词taking care of the patient动名词短语做表语29 The girl is very pretty.这女孩很漂亮;The girl主语,名词very pretty.形容词,表语30 He went mad.他疯了;He 主语,代词mad形容词,表语31 Please don’t get angry.请不要生气;祈使句,缺少主语,get做系动词,后边的做表语32 The weather is getting colder and colder.天变的越来越冷了,The weather 主语,名词colder and colder形容词短语做表语,形容词比较级and形容词比较级表示一个渐变的过程;33 You look angry.你生气了;You 主语,代词angry形容词,表语34 She looks like her mother.她看起来象她妈妈;She 主语,名词her mother名词,表语35 You look unhappy, what’s the matter 你看起来不高兴,怎么了;You 主语,名词unhappy形容词,表语36 Those roses smell good.这些玫瑰花闻起来很香;Those roses主语,名词good形容词,表语37 This tastes nice. What’s in it 这东西尝起来不错,它里边包的什么This 代词,主语nice形容词,表语38 Do you feel happy 感觉快乐么;Do you feel happy 一般疑问句,do助动词提前,you主语,代词,happy形容词,表语39 He remained silent.他保持沉默;He 主语,代词silent形容词,表语40 The weather is going to stay fine.天气将持续晴朗;The weather 主语,名词fine形容词,表语41 M y job is teaching English．我的工作是教英语;M y job 主语,名词English名词,表语42 She is at home．她在家呢;She 主语,代词at home介词短语做表语43 I feel terrible．我感觉很可怕;I 主语,代词terrible形容词,表语44 He is older than he looks．他比看上去要老;He 主语,代词older than he looks表语,形容词短语45 He seems interested in the book．他似乎对这本书感兴趣;He 主语,代词the book名词,表语46 The story sounds interesting．这个故事听起来有趣;The story 主语,名词interesting形容词,表语47 The desk feels hard．书桌摸起来很硬;The desk 主语,名词hard形容词,表语48 The cake tastes nice．饼尝起来很香;The cake名词,主语nice形容词,表语49 The flowers smell sweet and nice．花闻起来香甜;The flowers主语,名词sweet and nice并列形容词做表语50 You have grown taller than before．你长得比以前高了;You 主语,代词taller than before形容词短语做表语51 He has suddenly fallen ill．他突然病倒了;He主语,代词ill形容词做表语52 He stood quite still．他静静地站看;He主语,代词still形容词做表语53 He becomes a teacher ．他当了教师;He主语,代词a teacher名词做表语54 He looks well.他面色好;He主语,代词well形容词做表语55 It sounds nice.这个听起来不错;It主语,代词nice形容词做表语56 I feel good.我感觉好;I主语,代词good形容词做表语57 The egg smells bad.这个鸡蛋难闻;The egg主语,名词bad形容词做表语58 He became a teacher at last.他最终成了一名教师;He主语,代词a teacher名词做表语59 His face turned red.他的脸变红了;His face名词做主语red形容词做表语60 Is he an English teacher, Chinese teacher or Japanese teacher他是一个英语、汉语还是日语老师一般疑问句式,He主语,代词an English teacher名词做表语。
主系表结构表达看法的句子
主系表结构表达看法的句⼦1. 主系表结构的句⼦有哪些1、To understand A and B is essential.必须学习A和B2、This kind of food tastes delicious.这种⾷物吃起来很可⼝。
3、He looked worried just now.刚才他看上去有些焦急。
4、Springcomes. It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了，天⽓变得越来越暖和。
5、The tree has grown much taller than before.这棵树⽐以前长得⾼多了。
句型：Subject （主语） + Link. V（系动词） + Predicate（表语）这种句型主要⽤来表⽰主语的特点、⾝份等。
扩展资料：主系表结构是指英语句⼦中的主要成分是主语、系动词和表语。
主语是⼀句话的中⼼，系词本⾝有⼀定的意义，不能单独使⽤，表语是⽤来修饰的。
主语（ Subject ）：主语是⼀句话的中⼼，表⽰所说的是谁或是什么，其位置⼀般放在句⾸。
英语中主语⼀般不省略。
系动词系动词，只称系动词（Linking Verb），是⽤来辅助主语的动词。
它本⾝有词义，但不能单独⽤作谓语，其后必须跟表语，构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。
表语（ Predicative ）：表语是⽤来修饰主语的，说明主语的⾝份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语位于系动词之后，与系动词联系⼗分紧密，有系动词就有表语，有表语就有系动词。
1、例句：你好漂亮：you are beautiful.解析：句中没有谓语动词，所以句⼦结构是主系表，所以⽤系语动词be，句⼦是⼀般现在时，说的是他⼈现在的状态，同时主语是第⼆⼈称，所以将be动词变为are，表语位置放上beautiful是个形容词，所以满⾜表语的规定。
2、例句：我们在这⾥（here）:we are here.解析：表⽰现在的状态，⼀般现在时，主语是第⼀⼈称我们，所以系动词be变为are,here是⼀个副词，表⽰这⾥的意思。
主系表结构的英语句子
主系表结构的英语句子主系表结构是英语句子中最常见的结构之一，其特点是句子中以主语为谓语所表示的动作，如：“I eat apple”（我吃苹果）、“He plays ball.”（他玩球）。
主系表结构由三部分组成：主语、谓语和宾语。
一个完整的主系表结构就是一个完整的句子，句子中包含了一个主语，一个谓语，以及（有时）一个宾语。
主语是句子的主要构成部分，它指的是针对谓语所描述的动作或状态的主体，通常用代词、名词或词组、从句表示，如：He、John、the boy、the old lady、those books、whoever comes first等等。
谓语是主系表结构中极为重要的一部分，谓语描述主语所做的动作或所处的状态，谓语通常由动词、动词短语或动词结构构成，如：eat （吃）、plays（玩）、has（有）、is dancing（跳舞）、has been working （一直在工作）、will arrive（将会到达）等等。
宾语是构成主系表结构的第三部分，它与谓语动作有关，它是谓语所表示的动作的对象，宾语可以是名词、代词、词组、从句、介词短语等，如：apple（苹果）、him（他）、the music（音乐）、the reason why（原因）、in an hour（在一小时内）等等。
在英语句子中，主系表结构有着重要的作用，它不仅可以使英语句子清晰、流畅地表达出来，而且它可以帮助我们认识语言，掌握英语句子的结构，因此学习主系表结构非常重要。
首先，我们要了解主系表结构在英语句子中的表现形式，一般来说，主系表结构可以分为三种形式，即基本（basic）形式、进行（continuous）形式和完成（perfect）形式。
基本形式是指主语+谓语，如“I eat.”（我吃）；进行形式指主语+助动词be（am、is、are等）+现在分词，如“He is eating.”（他正在吃）；完成形式指主语+助动词have（has、had等）+过去分词，如“He has eaten.”（他已经吃了）。
五种基本句型-主系表结构
五种基本句型——主系表结构主（语）＋系（动词）＋表（语）主语，主语是五种基本句型都具备的。
从位置上来看，主语一般在句子开头，也就是一个句子的“头把交椅”。
从意义上理解，主语一般是一个句子的“陈述对象”，后面的一切都是针对主语来说的。
主语一般是名词或代词（当然还有其他，这里暂且详细讨论）系动词是联系动词的简称，顾名思义，它是起到联系作用的动词，是连接主语和表语的。
系动词的数量是有限的，常见的只有十来个，我们把它们分成四组，这样有助于我们记忆系动词：一、be动词类：am、is 、are、was 、were二、表示变化类：become、get、turn、grow、go三、感官动词类：眼（look ）耳（sound）鼻（smell）舌（taste）身（feel）四、表示延续性的动词：remain、stay、keep表语从位置上来讲，它总是在系动词后面（系动词和表语关系甚为紧密，没有系动词，就没有表语：没有表语，就没有系动词。
二从意义上讲，表语通常是来说明主语的性质、特征的。
表语通常是由形容词、介词短语、名词、代词、动词不定式、doing等来充当。
上面就是对主系表结构的简要介绍，其中，系动词是主系表结构的核心，它是这个结构的标志，看到了系动词，也就能立刻判断出句子的结构是主系表，因此，记住系动词非常重要。
练习找出下面句子中的主语、系动词及表语，并指出主语和表语分别是由什么词性或词类来充当的。
1Tom is a student.2He is fat.3I am tired .4We are students.5The bag was lost .6The boy was foolish .7They were kind.8She is in the room.9The books are on the desk.10Snow is white.11Kate was here yesterday.12My father became a teacher in 1978.13The weather gets hot in summer.14She looks beautiful.15The flower smells good.16We were very happy.17You are right.18The soup tastes delicious.19The chair is yours.20The children are asleep.21The story is interesting.22He feels better today.23The leaf turns green.24I stayed awake all the night.25The weather still remained cold in April.26The little girl is six.27My work is to look after the baby.28His job is taking care of the patient.29The girl is very pretty.30He went mad.31Please don’t get angry.32The weather is getting colder and colder.33You look angry.34She looks like her mother.35You look unhappy, what’s the matter?36Those roses smell beautiful.37This tastes nice. What’s in it?38Do you feel happy?39He remained silent.40The weather is going to stay fine.41M y job is teaching English．42She is at home．43I feel terrible．44He is older than he looks .他比看上去要老。
主系表结构
主语+系动词+表语1 状态系动词：只有be一词;如：She is always like that. 她总是那样;I am used to going about alone. 我习惯于独来独往;These shoes are too tight for me. 这双鞋我穿太小;动词be,若是用于进行时态或者被动语态,则不是系动词,而是助动词;I am playing basketball.He is hit by one brick.2 持续系动词：表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep, remain, stay, rest, lie, stand;如：I hope you’ll keep fit. 我希望你身体好;He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默;The door remained closed. 门仍然关着;We can remain friends. 我们可以继续做朋友;Please stay seated. 请继续坐着;He stayed single. 他仍然是单身;3 表像系动词：表示“看起来好像”,主要有seem, appear, look 等;如：He looks tired. 他看起来很累;He seems to be quite happy. 他好像很快活;The doctor seemed very capable. 那医生似乎很能干;He appeared quite well. 他显得身体相当好;He appeared taken aback. 他似乎很吃惊;She appeared perplexed. 她显得迷惑不解;4 感官系动词：表示“……起来”,有feel摸起来,感觉 , smell闻起来 , sound听起来 , taste尝起来,吃起来等;如：This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布摸起来很软;He looks honest, but actually he’s a rogue.他看起来很老实,实际他是一个坏蛋;They all look alike to me. 他们的模样我看起来都一样;Everybody feels contented. 每个人都感到很满足;Ice feels cold. 冰感觉起来是凉的;Silk feels soft and smooth. 丝绸摸起来很柔软平滑;It sounds a good idea. 这听起来是个好主意;This food tastes good. 这菜好吃;5 变化系动词：表示主语变成什么样,主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run如：He became mad after that. 自那之后,他疯了;She had grown thinner and thinner. 她越来越瘦了;His cold was growing worse. 他的感冒越来越严重了;She’s growing fat. 她正在发胖;He’s grown used to it. 他对此已经习惯;When she saw this, she turned red. 她看到这,脸红了;His hair turned grey in a few weeks.在几个星期中他头发就变灰白了The milk will soon turn sour. 牛奶很快就会变酸;Several people fell ill, victims of blood poisoning.几个人生病了,都是血中毒的受害者;We get wiser as we get old. 随着年岁的增长,我们也变得聪明些了;Your hair has gone quite white 你的头发全白了She went pale at the news. 听到这消息,她脸色变得苍白;When I mentioned it to him he went red.我对他提及此事时他脸红了;He went mad. 他疯了;The children must not go hungry. 孩子们不能挨饿;6 终止系动词：主要有prove, turn out结果是,证明是等;如：His story proved false. 他讲的情况原来是假的;His advice proved sound. 他的劝告证明是对的;My intuition turned out to be correct. 我的直觉证明是对的;另一种角度理解主系表1 状态系动词用来表示主语状态,只有be 一词1Mr. Brown is an engineer. 名词做表语2The machine is out of order. 介词短语做表语3The television was on.副词做表语4His plan is to keep the affair secret.动词不定式做表语5My job is repairing cars.动名词做表语6The question is what you want to do.从句做表语,即：表语从句2 持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度（1）T he door remained closed.过去分词做表语,remain意为“仍然”处于某种状态The teacher asked the twelfth of us to remain after school. vi 留下；剩下2The shop stays open till seven o'clock.stay 意为“保持某种状态”I stayed at a hotel in New York.stay 是不及物动词,留下,逗留,暂住3The book lies open on the table.The snow lies thick on the ground.“表示所处状态”I am lying on the bed. India lies to the south of China.躺；位于4How do things stand at the moment Stand still情况如何,处于某种状态Stand up, please5With the wind it’s so difficult to keep warm.如：keep warm, keep safe, keep silent, keep dryWe are going to keep the house in Beijing and rent it out. 保留3 表象系动词用来表示“看起来像”这一概念,主要有：1 Anna does not seem sure.It seems that someone left the building unlocked last night.2 Lucy appears upset. Lily appears calm.3 How do I look in this dressYou look like one million dollars.You look as if you have not slept all night.4 感官系动词1 Your hands feel cold“摸起来有某种感觉”The doctor feels my belly 触摸2Your story sounds interesting“听起来”He sounds the bell loudly敲响3The milk tastes sour.“吃或喝起来…..”taste some of this cake.“尝”4That soup smells delicious.smell good, nice, spicy We must clean the bird cage –it is starting to smell.5 变化系动词表示主语变成什么样子1Fish soon goes bad in hot weather. He has gone blind. go 意为“变为”多跟形容词,变化通常是由好变坏;短语搭配：go wrong, go bad, go mad, go hungry, go dead and go against. 2The sky turns pink.天空一片红霞He turned writer two years ago.turn 意为“变为”,多和颜色相搭配;在名词做表语时,不定冠词要省略;3 They are getting richer and richer.become 与 get 作为变化系动词,可以由好变坏,也可以由坏变好;4 My dream has come true.Wrong never comes right.The handle has come loose.门把手意为“成为”5 The baby falls asleep.He often falls ill.“进入某种状态”Leaves fall down from the trees.vi 落下6She grows impatient with his constant excuses.grow old, hot, worseIt is too cold for rice to grow in the northeast of China.6 终止系动词表示主语已终止动作1His story proves false.“后来事实表明是…”He proved a very useful friend.He has proved his courage in battle.证明2Hopefully tomorrow will turn out fine.It turned out that she did not get the job in the end.turn out 意为“结果是…,最后情况是…”注意：在下面的句子中,形容词做表语,在表语的后面常常接不定式结构; I'm happy to meet you. They are willing to help. We are determined to follow his example.。
系动词和主系表结构
linking verbs
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Questions:
1.What are linking verbs?
2.What can be used as linking verbs? 3.What can be used after linking verbs?
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Attentions:
Practice 2:
• This machine is in good condition.
• Silk feels soft and smooth.
• He has suddenly fallen ill.
• He stood quite still.
• The lift is out of order/has gone wrong.
He turned writer after he graduated from a medical college.
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Practice 1:
1. 这些橘子吃起很好吃。(taste) These oranges taste good.
2. 这消息证实有假。(prove) The news proved (to be) false.
with rage.
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6 ) become :变成，成为（好坏均可的情况） turn : “新的与原来完全不同”,变质(色) 还指“达到，超过”…
He became angry with me. Maple trees turn red in autumn. It was cloudy this morning, but
• It will stay/remain cold (for) several days.
主系表结构完整归纳
主系表结构句型SVSC(1) 主语+be+表语（句词/代词）用法在本句型中，名词或代词作表语，名词或代词可带附加成分，要注意主谓一致和时态问题佳句背诵I’m a college student. It must bea grammar mistake.①人类居住的唯一家园是地球。
The only home for man to live on is the earth.②失败乃成功之母。
Failure are the mother of success.③所有这些词典都对我帮助很大。
All these dictionaries are great help to me.④门口那辆摩托车不是我的。
The motorcycle at the gate is not mine.⑤倘若我是你，我就采纳他的建议。
If I wereyou , I would follow/take his advice.句型SVSC(2) 主语+be+形容词（+介词短语）用法在本句型中，形容词作表语。
用于本句型的形容词有：①一般形容词，pleasant,fine,busy,warm,absent,rich,angry,differ ent等；多数形容词后有固定的介词搭配。
②表语形容词，如：ready,sure,certain,sorry,present,content,fond,alive,awake,asleep,alike,alone,afra id,ashamed,aware等。
③跟of介词短语的形容词，如forgetful, doubtful, proud, full, free, short, careful, capable。
④跟of介词短语，用来描述人的品行或特点的形容词，如good,clever,kind,nice,foolish,silly,cruel,importa nt, careless, stupid, right, unwise, rude,wrong,naughty等。