2020年职称英语(卫生类)教材阅读理练习2
2020年职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读理解练习及答案(2)
2020年职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读理解练习及答案（2）Stress at Work and Still HealthyThe term could yet become the word of the year： stress is on everyone's lips these days and everywhere.Not onlymanagers,officials and teachers are complainingnowadays,housewives,children and pensioners now also havetheir own problems.They too sacrifice themselves forothers,feel under- or overworked and quickly lose their inner balance.Irritation,tiredness and exhaustion quickly follow.-But that is only the negative aspect.Stress,after all,is alsolinked to positive terms such as joy of life,tension andvitality （活力）。
"Firstly,stress is healthy," says Wolfgang Stehling fromEltvelle.The doctor and management consultant says： "It occurs when the body loses its inner balance,but then stress hormones are produced to re-establish the balance." Thusstress is nothing more than a positive reaction of the bodyto pressure.It is unavoidable as part of our nature： "There is no such thing as a stress-free life."But whether stress leads to tensions in the mind or .totenseness of the muscles depends on the duration （持续时间）,its cause or causes and the sufferer's personalsituation.People who have trouble sleeping or suffer from badmoods or simply the flu will not be on top of the world andwill take every little strife as negativestress.Others,people who feel refreshed at every new turn,arerelaxed and successful,will view a difficult round ofnegotiations or competition at work more as a positivechallenge than a cross to bear.Exercise,healthy eating and relaxation are thus the threepillars by which stress can be conquered almost everytime.These factors form a unit,explains Marita Voelker-Albert,spokeswoman for the government's Nutrition AdviceCenter in Cologne.Its campaign "Gut Drauf' （Feeling Good）is targeted at young people.The government agency's researchsuggests that three out of four adolescents feeltired,overtaxed （负担过重） and under stress.Eatingdisorders and complaints such as migraines （偏头痛） and indigestion （消化不良）,nervousness and concentrationproblems have increased among 12- to 16-year-olds.But even the best solutions don't work if they are notput into practice,says Stehling.Anybody who goes joggingregularly,practices yoga （瑜伽功） and prescribes goodliterature as a cure for negative stress,may well end upunder more pressure as he tries to find the time for itall.Sometimes,says the consultant,it helps to take time outto reduce stress levels over a weekend.6 Which of the following is NOT a correct view on stress？A Stress has both positive and negative aspects.B Stress is only a positive reaction of the body topressure.C Stress is unavoidable as part of our nature.D Stress only leads to serious problems.7 A person who has lost his inner balance may soon feelA fit and healthy.B under-or overworked.C irritated,tired and exhausted.D relaxed and happy.8 Who will easily take every little strife as negative stress？A Those who are in good moods.B Those who suffer from the flu.C Those who are successful.D Those who feel refreshed at every new turn.9 All the following complaints are said to have increased among children aged 12 to 16 EXPECTA painful headache.B indigestion.C loss of memory.D nervousness and concentration problems.10 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a possible cure for negative stress？A Reading good literature.B Practicing yoga.C Working overtime.D Having a healthy diet.[参考答案]6.D 7.C 8.B 9.C 10.C。
2020年职称英语考试卫生类B级阅读理解练习及答案(2)
2020年职称英语考试卫生类B级阅读理解练习及答案（2）Too Late to Regret ItWhen I was a junior,I met a second-year student in my department.He wasn't tall or good-looking,but he was verynice,attractive and athletic.He had something that I admiredvery much.He was natural,warm,and sincere.I disregarded （不顾） my parents' disapproval.We werevery happy together.He picked me up from my dorm everymorning,and after class we would sit alongside the streamthat ran through campus,or sunbathe （晒太阳） on the lawn.At night he would walk me back to my dorm.He came from a poor family,but in order to make me happy,he borrowed money fromhis friend to buy presents and meals for me.Our fellowstudents looked up to him as a role model,and the girlsenvied （妒忌） me.He wasn't a local,but wanted to stay hereafter graduation.I thought we had a future together.However,when I got a part-time job during the summervacation,people began giving me a lot of pressure,saying thata pretty,intelligent girl like me should find a better guy tospend time with.This was also what my family thought.He spentthe summer in his hometown,so I was all by myself.When he got back,I began finding fault with him.But his big heart andwarmth soon drove all unpleasant thoughts away.However,I hadno idea how badly I had hurt him and that things would getworse.I had a good part-time job off campus that paid prettywell.With my good performance at school,I also got admissionto graduate school at one of China's best universities.He,onthe other hand,did not do so well at school or at work.I hadto worry about his living expenses,job and scores.Almost all my colleagues and friends advised me to breakup with him.Then we had a quarrel last June.He was in greatpain,and my cold words and bad moods started turning him away.Graduation time was drawing near,and he said he wanted togo back to his hometown.He said that he couldn't put up withme anymore.I was shocked and looked at him in despair，True love happens only once,but I found it out too late.第 36 题 When did the author fall in love with the boy？A.After she had a quarrel with him.B.When she was a junior.C.When she was a second-year student.D.After she found a part-time job.[准确答案]： B第 37 题 What did he do to make her happy？A.He studied much harder.B.He often took her for a ride.C.He always endured her insults.D.He often bought her presents and meals.[准确答案]： D第 38 题 Who advised her to break up with him？A.His parents.B.Her teachers.C.Her colleagues and friends.D.Their fellow students.[准确答案]： C第 39 题 Why did he leave her？A.Because he could no longer bear her.B.Because he hated her.C.Because his parents needed taking care of.D.Because he wasn't a local.[准确答案]： A第 40 题 Upon learning that he would leave her,she wasA.very happy.B.extremely joyful.C.quite relieved.D.in great pain.[准确答案]： D。
2020年职称英语卫生类A级阅读理解练习题及答案(2)
2020年职称英语卫生类A级阅读理解练习题及答案(2) The Best Way to Reduce Your WeightYou hear this：“No wonder you are fat.All you ever do is eat.”You feel sad：“I skip my breakfast and supper.I run every morning and evening.What else can I do?”Basically you can do nothing.Your genes，not your life habits，determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it.Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that，“80 percent of the children of two obese parents become obese，as compared with no more than 14 percent of the offspring of two parents of norm al weight.”How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting?Well，dieting can be effective，but the health costs are tremendous.Jules Hirsch，a research physician at Rockefeller University，did a study of eight fat people.They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories aday1.After more than 10 weeks，the subjects lost 45kg on average.But after leaving the hospital，they all regained.The results were surprising：by metabolic measurement，fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving.They had psychiatric problems.They dreamed of foodor breaking their diet2.They were anxious and depressed;some were suicidal.They hid food in their rooms.Researchers warn that it is possible that weight reduction doesn’t result in normal weight，but in an abnormal state resembling that of starved non-obese people.Thin people，however，suffer from the opposite：They have to make a great effort to gain weight.Ethan Sims，of theUniversity of Vermont，got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight.In four to six months，they ate as much as they could.They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 to 25 percent.But months after the study ended，they were back to normal weight and stayed there.This did not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight.It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly battle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly lower their weight.The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true-each person has a comfortable weight range3.The range might be as much as 9kg.Someone might weigh 60-69kg without too much effort.But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult.The body resists by feeling hungry or full and changing the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks.词汇：skip/skIp/v.跳过 obese/Eu5bi：s/adi.肥胖的metabolic/metE5bClIk/adj.新陈代谢的psychiatric/7saIkI5Atrik/adj.精神病的abnormal/Ab5nC：ml/adj.异常的注释：1. They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.他们被给予一种流食配方，每天提供600热卡。
2020职称英语卫生类考试阅读判断习题(2)
2020职称英语卫生类考试阅读判断习题（2）Health care in the US is well-known but very expensive. Paying the doctor's bill after a major illness or accident can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars.In the US,a person's company,not the government,pays for health insurance.Employers have contracts with insurance companies,which pay for all or part of employees' doctors' bills.The amount that the insurance company will pay out to a patient differs wildly. It all depends on what insurance the employer pays. The less the boss pays to the insurance company,the more the employee has to pay the hospital each time he or she gets sick. In 2004,the average worker paid an extra US$558 a year,according to a San Francisco report.The system also means many Americans fall through the cracks （遭遗漏）.In 2004,only 61 per cent of the population received health insurance through their employers,according to the report. The unemployed,self-employed,part-time workers and graduated students with no jobs were not included.Most US university students have a gap between their last day of school and their first day on the job. Often,they are no longer protected by their parents' insurance because they are now considered independent adults. They also cannot buy university health insurance because they are no longer students.Another group that falls through the gap of the US system is international students. All are required to have healthinsurance and cannot begin their classes without it. But exact policies （保险单） differ from school to school.Most universities work with health insurance companies and sell their own standard plan for students Often,buying the school plan is required,but luckily it's also cheaper than buying direct from the insurance company.1 In the US,a person's company buys him or her health insurance.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned2 All employees in the US have the same kind of health insurance.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned3 In 2004,most of the unemployed in the US were women.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned4 In the US,graduated students with no jobs can buy university health insurance.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned5 All international students in the US have to buy health insurance.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned6 The international students in the US work harder than the American students.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned7 The health care system in the US takes care of everyone in the country.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned参考答案：16. A 17. B 18. C 19. B 20. A21. C 22. B。
2020年职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读理解练习及答案(2)
2020年职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读理解练习及答案（2）Stress at Work and Still HealthyThe term could yet become the word of the year： stress is on everyone's lips these days and everywhere.Not only managers,officials and teachers are complainingnowadays,housewives,children and pensioners now also have their own problems.They too sacrifice themselves forothers,feel under- or overworked and quickly lose their inner balance.Irritation,tiredness and exhaustion quickly follow.-But that is only the negative aspect.Stress,after all,is also linked to positive terms such as joy of life,tension and vitality （活力）。
"Firstly,stress is healthy," says Wolfgang Stehling from Eltvelle.The doctor and management consultant says： "It occurs when the body loses its inner balance,but then stress hormones are produced to re-establish the balance." Thus stress is nothing more than a positive reaction of the body to pressure.It is unavoidable as part of our nature： "There is no such thing as a stress-free life."But whether stress leads to tensions in the mind or .to tenseness of the muscles depends on the duration （持续时间）,its cause or causes and the sufferer's personal situation.People who have trouble sleeping or suffer from bad moods or simply the flu will not be on top of the world and will take every little strife as negativestress.Others,people who feel refreshed at every new turn,arerelaxed and successful,will view a difficult round of negotiations or competition at work more as a positive challenge than a cross to bear.Exercise,healthy eating and relaxation are thus the three pillars by which stress can be conquered almost everytime.These factors form a unit,explains Marita Voelker-Albert,spokeswoman for the government's Nutrition Advice Center in Cologne.Its campaign "Gut Drauf' （Feeling Good）is targeted at young people.The government agency's research suggests that three out of four adolescents feeltired,overtaxed （负担过重） and under stress.Eatingdisorders and complaints such as migraines （偏头痛） and indigestion （消化不良）,nervousness and concentration problems have increased among 12- to 16-year-olds.But even the best solutions don't work if they are notput into practice,says Stehling.Anybody who goes jogging regularly,practices yoga （瑜伽功） and prescribes good literature as a cure for negative stress,may well end upunder more pressure as he tries to find the time for itall.Sometimes,says the consultant,it helps to take time outto reduce stress levels over a weekend.6 Which of the following is NOT a correct view on stress？A Stress has both positive and negative aspects.B Stress is only a positive reaction of the body to pressure.C Stress is unavoidable as part of our nature.D Stress only leads to serious problems.7 A person who has lost his inner balance may soon feelA fit and healthy.B under-or overworked.C irritated,tired and exhausted.D relaxed and happy.8 Who will easily take every little strife as negative stress？A Those who are in good moods.B Those who suffer from the flu.C Those who are successful.D Those who feel refreshed at every new turn.9 All the following complaints are said to have increased among children aged 12 to 16 EXPECTA painful headache.B indigestion.C loss of memory.D nervousness and concentration problems.10 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a possible cure for negative stress？A Reading good literature.B Practicing yoga.C Working overtime.D Having a healthy diet.[参考答案]6.D 7.C 8.B 9.C 10.C。
2020年职称英语综合类阅读判断练习及答案(2)
2020年职称英语综合类阅读判断练习及答案（2）Stem Cell Therapy May Help Repair the HeartAccording to scientists in the USA,stem cell therapy may one day be able to repair the hearts of people with heart failure.Researchers at Pittsburgh University School of Medicine examined 20 patients who had severe heart failure and were going to have surgery.They injected stem cells into the parts of their hearts that were damaged.They then compared their hearts with those of people who had undergone surgery without having the stem cells injected into them(they had also suffered from severe heart failure).The patients who had the stem cells injected had hearts that were able to pump(用泵抽水)more blood than the others.According to Professor Robert Kormos,one of,the researchers,these results could revolutionize heart treatment.Although previous studies had indicated that there might be a benefit,this is the first study that has actually proved that stem cell therapy can help the failing heart work better.All the patients in this study had hearts that could not pump blood properly.The scientists measured their ejection fraction(射血分数).This is a measure of heart performance;you measure how much blood is being pumped out by the left ventricle(心室).Healthy people's ejection fraction is about 55%.These patients had ejection fraction of under 35%.They all had by-pass surgery(搭桥手术)performed on them.Some of the patients had stem cells taken from their hip bones and injected into 25-30 sites in the damaged heart muscle.Six months latertheir ejection fraction rate was 46.1% while those who just had surgery but no stem cell injections averaged 37.2%.No side effects were reported.Heart failure is a common problem all over the world.In the UK alone about 650,000 people suffer from heart failure every year.As the number of people suffering from heart failure increases in the world in general these findings are particularly significant.Current treatments relieve the symptoms.This new stemcell therapy actually repairs the damaged muscle in the heart and has the potential of curing the disease.1.The 20 patients had stem cell injections instead of surgery.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned2.The experiment proved to be satisfactory.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned3.The control group patients regretted not having had stem cell injections.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned4.The study actually proved for the first time the benefit of stem cell therapy.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned5.The ejection fraction rate of the patients with stem cell injections decreasedA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned6.Heart failure is more common in the UK than anywhere else in the world.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned7.Stem cell therapy seems to have great prospects.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned参考答案：1.B 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.A。
2020年职称英语卫生类阅读判断习题及答案(2)
2020年职称英语卫生类阅读判断习题及答案（2）Most Adults in US Have Low Risk of Heart DiseaseMore than 80 percent of US adults have a less than 10–percent risk of developing heart disease in the next 10 years,according to a report in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology. Just 3 percent have a risk that exceeds 20 percent."I hope that these numbers will givephysicians,researchers,health policy analysts,and others a better idea of how coronary heart disease is distributed in the US population," lead author Dr. Earl S. Ford,from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention1 in Atlanta,said in a statement.The findings are based on analysis of data from 13,769 subjects,between 20 and 79 years of age,who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1988 to 1994.Overall,82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent,15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent,and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent.The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age,and men were more likely than women to be in this group.2 By contrast3,race or ethnicity had little effect on risk distributions.Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10–year risk of heart disease,a large proportion have a high or immediate risk4,Dr. Daniel S. Berman,from Cedars-SinaiMedical Center in Los Angeles,and Dr. Nathan D. Wong,from the University of California at Irvine,note in a related editorial.Aggressive treatment measures and public healthstrategies are needed to shift the overall population risk downward,they add.练习：1.The 10–year risk of heart disease is low for most US adults.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned2.Only 3 percent of US adults have a more than 10 percent 10–year risk of heart disease.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned3.More than 100 thousand people participated in the survey.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned4.There was a greater proportion of men than women in the survey.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned5.The distributions of the risk of heart disease are closely related to race.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned6.Elderly people have a higher risk of heart disease than younger people.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned7.The US government will take measures to reduce the overall population risk.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned答案与题解：1.A 文章第一段提到,美国80%以上的成年人未来十年内患心脏病的风险低于10%,而文章第六段进而表明该数字是低的。
2020年职称英语考试卫生类阅读理解练习题(2)
2020年职称英语考试卫生类阅读理解练习题(2)Stop Eating Too Much"Clean your plate!" and"Be a member of the clean―plate club!" Just about every kid in the US has heard this from a parent or grandparent.Often,it's accompanied by an appeal："Just think about those starving orphans(孤儿)in Africa T"Sure,we should be grateful for.every bite offood.Unfortunately, many people in the US take too many bites.Instead of staying"clean the.plate",perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow.According to news reports,US restaurants are partly to blame for the growing bellies(肚子).A.waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer,with two to four times the amount recommended by the government,according to a USA.Today story.Americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that.They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little.Barbara Rolls,a nutrition(营养)professor at Pennsylvania State University, told USA.Today that restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1 970s,the same time that the American waistline(腰围)began to expand.Health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller portions.Now,apparently,some customers are cal¨not for this"too.The restaurant industry trade magazine QSR reported last month that 57 percent of more than 4,000 people surveyed believed restaurants served portions that were too large;23 percent had no opinion;20percentdisagreed.But a closer look at the survey indicates that many Americans who can't afford fine dining still prefer large portions.Seventy percent of those earning at least $1 50,000 per year prefer smaller portions;but only 45 percent of those earning less than$25,000 want smaller.It's not that working class Americans don't want to eat healthy.It's just that,after long hours at low―payingjobs,getting less on their plate hardly seems like a good deal.They live from paycheck(薪金支票)to paycheck,happy to save a little money for next year's Christmas presents.36.Parents in the United States tend to ask theirchildrenA.to save food for tomorrow.B.to wash the dishesC.not to eat too much.D.not to waste food.37.Why do American restaurants serve large portions?A.Because Americans have big bellies.B.Because Americans associate quantity with value.C.Because Americans are good eaters.D.Because Americans are too weak.38.What happened in the 1970s?A.The US government called on its people to reduce their weight.B.Health experts persuaded restaurants to serve smaller portions.C.The American waistline started to expand.D.The United States produced more grain than needed.39.What does the survey indicate?A.Twenty percent of Americans want smaller portions.B.Many low-income Americans want large portions.C.Fifty--seven percent of Americans want large portions.D.Forty--five percent of Americans want smaller portions.40.Which of the following is NOT true 0f working class Americans?A.They work long hoursB.They live from paycheck to paycheck.C.They want to save money for presents.D.They don't want to be healthy eaters.参考答案：CADAC。
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2020年职称英语（卫生类）教材阅读理练习2
Medical Journals
Medical journals are publications that report medical information to physicians and other health professionals.
In the past,these journals were available only in
print.With the development of electronic publishing.many medical journals now have Web sites on the Internet,and some journals publish only online.A few medical journals,like the Journal of the American Medical Association,are considered general medical journals because they cover many fields of medicine.Most medical journals are specialty journals that focus on a particular area of medicine.
Medical journals publish many types of articles.Research articles report the results of research studies on a range of topics varying from the basic mechanisms of diseases to clinical trials that compare outcomes of different treatments.Review articles summarize and analyze the information available on a specific topic based on a careful search of the medical literature.Because the results of individual research studies can be affected by many
factors,combining results from different studies on the same topic can be helpful in reaching conclusions about the scientific evidence for preventing,diagnosing or treating a particular disease.Case conferences and case reports may be published in medical journals to educate physicians about particular illnesses and how to treat them.Editorials in medical journals are short essays that express the views of the authors,often regarding a research or review article
published in the same issue.Editorials provide perspective on how the current article fits with other information on the same topic.Letters to the editor provide a way for readers of the medical journal to express comments,questions or criticisms about articles published in that journal.
注释：
1.Because the results of individual research studies can be affected by many factors,combining results from different studies on the same topic can be helpful in reaching conclusions about the scientific evidence for
preventing,diagnosing or treating a particular disease.因为个体研究的结果可能受很多因素的影响，所以将相关同一题目的不同研究的结果汇总起来，可能有助于得出相关预防、诊断或是治疗某一疾病所需的科学证据的结论。
1.The main readers of medical journals are
A.the general public.
B.health professionals.
C.medical critics.
D.news reporters.
2.Which of the following statements is NOT true？
A.Many medical journals also publish online.
B.A few medical journals are general medical journals.
C.Most medical journals publish only online.
D.Most medical journals are specialty journals.
3.How many major types of articles are mentioned in the passage？
A.Five.
B.Seven.
C.Four.
D.Six.
4.An article dealing with results from different studies on the same topic is called
A.a research article.
B.a review article.
C.a case report.
D.an editorial.
5.Letters to the editor enable readers of a medical journal to express comments on
A.any medical event.
B.articles published in the same issue.
C.articles published in that journal.
D.medical development.
答案与题解：
1.B从文i的第一段能够得知，医学杂志主要向医生和其他医务人员提供医学信息。