英语复习笔记
小升初英语笔记整理归纳重点
小升初英语笔记整理归纳重点
小升初英语复习要点归纳:
1. 名词复数规则：一般情况下，直接加 s，如:book-books, bg-bas, at-ats, bd-beds;以 s、x、h、h 结尾，加 es，如:sbue-sbes, box-bxes, bruh-brshes,atch-waths;以辅音字母 y 结尾，变为 i，再加 es，如:amly-mils,strawbrry-strwrie;以 f 或 fe 结尾，变 f 或 fe 为 v，再加-es，如:knif-knie。
2. 代词：人称代词主格宾格形容词性物主代词 (短) 名词性物主代词 (长)。
3. 语法知识：几种基本的时态小学阶段就会接触到，小学英语会考到的无非是一般现在时、现在进行时、一般过去时和将来时。
要注意时态的正确使用和区分。
4. 动词：要注意动词的时态和语态，以及动词的不规则形式。
5. 形容词和副词：小学阶段的形容词和副词比较级和最高级形式要熟练掌握，同时要注意形容词和副词的用法和区别。
6. 阅读和写作：英语阅读和写作同时抓，阅读可以增加词汇量和语感，写作可以提高语言表达能力和语法运用水平。
要注意句子结构和语法的正确性。
7. 单词和词汇：小学阶段的单词和词汇很重要，学生必须熟练掌握重点单词、词汇的拼读、记忆。
可以将单词有意识地分类记忆，如颜色、食物、生活用品等。
以上是小升初英语复习的重点内容，考生需要认真梳理和总结。
同时，要注意练习和模拟考试，不断提高自己的英语水平和应试能力。
3至6年级英语全部笔记
3至6年级英语全部笔记一、引言本笔记旨在为3至6年级的学生及其家长提供英语学习的全面指导，涵盖了该阶段所需的词汇、语法、阅读、听力、口语、写作等各方面的详细笔记。
通过系统地梳理和归纳，希望能帮助学生们更好地掌握英语，为将来的学习打下坚实的基础。
二、词汇笔记1. 名词：包括各类物体、动物、人物、时间、地点等名词的拼写和用法。
例如：book, cat, girl, time, school。
2. 动词：注意不同时态的动词变化，如一般现在时、现在进行时、一般过去时。
例如：play, run, was, are, were。
3. 形容词和副词：理解形容词和副词的用法，以及它们在句子中的位置。
例如：happy, slowly, often。
4. 代词：掌握各类代词的用法，如我(I), 你(you), 他(he), 我们(we), 他们(they)。
5. 介词：理解介词的用法，如at, in, on, beside等，以及它们与名词或动名词的搭配。
三、语法笔记1. 时态：掌握并熟练运用英语的三大时态：现在时、过去时和将来时。
2. 句式结构：熟悉并掌握基本的句式结构，如主语+动词、There is/are等。
3. 主谓一致：理解并掌握主谓一致的规则。
4. 否定句：了解不同形式的否定句，如no+名词、not...any 等。
四、阅读笔记1. 阅读理解：学会从文章中获取信息，理解主旨和大意。
2. 句子理解：理解复杂句式和难懂词汇，提高阅读理解能力。
3. 快速阅读：掌握快速阅读技巧，提高阅读速度。
五、听力笔记1. 听力理解：学会听懂不同口音和语速的英语，提高听力理解能力。
2. 听写训练：通过听写训练，提高对单词和句子的记忆能力。
六、口语笔记1. 日常对话：熟练掌握日常对话，提高口语表达能力。
2. 角色扮演：通过角色扮演，提高口语交际能力。
3. 语音语调：注意英语语音语调的正确表达，增强口语表现力。
七、写作笔记1. 简单句写作：学会使用简单句写句子，表达清晰。
大一第一学期英语复习笔记
大学体验英语综合教程1复习笔记Unit1 college life重点词汇详解1. approach [????????] v. 走近，接近n. ①道路②学习（研究方法）【例句】The approach of the CET Band-4 makes me nervous.大学英语四级考试的临近令我紧张不已。
【词组】at the approach of在……快到的时候；be approaching (to)与……差不多，大致相等【辨析】approach, approximate与nearapproach 表“接近、走近、靠近”的含义时，可指时间、地点接近，也可指接近某个人，还可表示“对待、处理”问题、任务、困难等。
approximate 意为“接近、大致为”，表示抽象意义上的接近时可与approach互换使用，比后者常用，只有在词组approximate to 中作vi.。
near 表“接近、临近”的含义，大多出现在文学作品中，指人或者空间、时间上的接近时可与approach互的使用。
【巧记】ap (to) +proach (near)→接近，靠近【词汇扩展】approachable adj.可接近的，平易近人的【特别提示】注意approach 作动词用时，后不能跟to，作名词用表示“方法”则跟to。
如：a new approach to the study of English. 学习英语的新方法。
[错] We approached to the school.[对] We approached the school.我们快到学校了。
2. assurance [?????????] n. ①担保，确信②保险【例句】Despite repeated assurances he failed to repay the money he had borrowed.尽管他再三保证，但是借去的钱却始终没还。
英语复习笔记
英语复习笔记No.11. 名词复数：hero, video, stomach, wolf, leaf, a womanteacherheroes videos stomachs wolves leaves women teachers2. 反身代词(P48)：Help yourselves to some cakes, boys. / The answeritself is easy.3. a little +不可数/ little+不可数 / a few+复数 / few +复数肯定否定肯定否定(only a few/ only a little / very few/ very little…)4. 形容词：-ous / -y / -ful / -ly / -al / -ish / -ed / -ing protected /endangered5. 反义词(P80)：un- / dis- / im- / in- / ir-6. 副词(P83)：-ly7. 比较级、最高级(P13)No.21. 数词：9ninth、12twelfth、40fortieth、90ninetieth；two thousand students / thousands of students / two thousand of the students2. 反意疑问句(P42)：祈使句、陈述句（否定词：few / little / seldom/ never / hardly / none / …）3. 反问句/ 否定疑问句：难道…不…吗？（回答）4. 宾语从句(P94)：that / if / 疑问词；anyI don’t know if he will come tomorrow. If he comes, he will visit me.(when)5. 过去进行时(P99)：then / this time yesterday / from… to…yesterday / when / while6. 不定式(P47)：make sb do sth / see sb do sth / see sb doing sthDoing eye exercises is … / To prevent floods, we … / Hurry up, or we will …动名词作主语不定式表目的祈使句+or+将来时the first one to get to school / the best time to visit China7. 比较等级的用法(U1U2)：The more you eat, the fatter you will be.My father is the fatter of my parents. / one of the biggest cities / the second longest river / fatter and fatter / more and more beautiful8. 句子结构(P81)：连系动词；宾补—— make sb do sth / findEnglish easy / call A B9. It is + adj. + for sb + to do sth.It’s + adj. + of sb + to do sth.We find it (is) easy to learn English. / We found it (was) easy to learn English.10. 条件、时间状语从句（主将从现）：if / when / untilI will sleep until Mom comes back. / I won’t go to bed until Mom comesback.11. 缩写及符号(P88)：therefore / per cent12. 感叹句：What bad weather! = How bad the weather is!What great fun it was to fly kites! / What great fun we had flying kites!13. 花费巨型14. 地理关系：界内in / 界外且接壤 on / 界外且不相邻 to。
英语高考知识点笔记
英语高考知识点笔记一. 词汇与短语1. 动词短语- be + 形容词：He is tall.- 动词+副词：She ran quickly.- 动词+介词短语：They talked about the movie.- 动词+名词短语：She made a phone call.- 动词+形容词短语：He found the book interesting.- 动词+副词短语+名词短语：I woke up suddenly in the morning.2. 名词短语- 冠词+形容词+名词：a beautiful house- 形容词+名词：smart students- 名词+介词短语：a book about history- 名词+名词短语：a cup of coffee- 名词+不定式短语：a chance to travel- 名词+形容词短语：a city full of life3. 形容词与副词- 形容词：beautiful, intelligent, kind- 副词：quickly, carefully, loudly4. 介词短语- at home, in the park, on the table, under the tree二. 语法与句型1. 一般现在时- 表示经常、一般性的行为或状态：I often go to the cinema.- 表示客观事实、真理等：The sun rises in the east.- 表示现阶段的状况：He works at a restaurant.2. 一般过去时- 表示过去某一时间发生的动作：I watched a movie last night.- 表示过去的习惯或状态：She used to live in New York.3. 现在进行时- 表示现阶段正在进行的动作：I am studying for the exam.- 表示计划或安排的未来事件：They are traveling to Europe next week.4. 现在完成时- 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响：She has finished her homework.- 表示过去某一时刻已经完成的动作：I have lived in this city since 2010.5. 将来时- 表示将来某一时刻会发生的动作：I will visit my grandparents tomorrow.- 表示根据计划或安排将要发生的动作：We are going to have a party next week.三. 阅读理解技巧1. 寻找关键词- 阅读时注意关键词，帮助理解文章内容。
(完整)英语写作复习笔记
1．修辞手法1.Simile 明喻Eg. O my love's like a red,red rose.That man can not be trusted.He is as slippery as an eel 黄鳝She likes an apple in her eyes.2.Metaphor暗喻Eg. The picture of those poor people's lives was carved so sharply in his heart that he could never forget it.There was a medieval magnificence about the big dining hall.The street faded into a country road with straggling houses by it.There was a few lordly poplars before the house.All his former joy was drowned in the embarrassment and confusion he was feeling at the moment.Independent would not be a trial seperation,but would be a painful divorce.3.Personification 拟人Eg . Youth is hot and bold,age is weak and cold.The match will soon be over and defeat is staring us in the face.The storm was raging and an angry sea was continuously tossing抛their boat.4.Metonymy 借喻转喻不直接说明而是以另外一个与之相关的事物来说明Sword and cross in hand,the European conquerors fell upon the Americas.When the war was over,he lay down the sword and took up the pen.弃武从文His purse钱包would not allow him that luxuryThe kettle boils 水开了The room sat slient. 全屋人安静的坐着。
史上超强!英语国家概况复习笔记!
英语国家概况复习笔记Chapter 1 Land and People 英国的国土与人民Different Names for Britain and its Parts英国不同名称及其各组成部分1.Geographical names: the British Isles, Great Britain and England. 地理名称:不列颠群岛,大不列颠和英格兰.2.Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 官方正式名称:大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国.3.The British Isles are made up of two large islands—Great Britain (the larger one) and Ireland, and hundreds of small ones.不列颠群岛由两个大岛［大不列颠岛（较大的一个）和爱尔兰岛］及成千上万个小岛组成.4.Three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: England, Scotland and Wales.大不列颠岛上有三个政区:英格兰,苏格兰和威尔士.①England is in the southern part of Great Britain.It is the largest, most populous section. 位于大不列颠岛南部,是最大,人口最稠密的地区.②Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. It has three natural zones (the Highlands in the north; the Central lowlands; the south Uplands) Capital: Edinburgh. 苏格兰位于大不列颠的北部.它有三大自然区：北部高地,中部低地及南部山陵.首府：爱丁堡.③Wales is in the west of Great Britain. Capital: Cardiff 威尔士位于大不列颠的西部.首府：加的夫④Northern Ireland is the fourth region of the UK. Capital: Belfast. 北爱尔兰是英国第四个区域.首府：贝尔法斯特5.The Commonwealth (of nations) is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain.Member nations are joined together economically and have certain trading agreements.The Commonwealth has no special powers.The decision to become a member of the Commonwealth is left to each nation. It was founded in 1931, and has 50 member countries until 1991.英联邦是一个自由联合体,由曾是英国殖民地而现在已经独立的国家构成.成员国之间实行经济合作,有一定的贸易协议.英联邦没有特别的权利,是否参加英联邦由各成员国自己决定.它成立于1931年,到1991年止已有50个成员国.Chapter 2 The Origins of a Nation (5000BC-1066) 英国的起源1.Arrival and settlement of the Celts At about 700 BC the Celts began to arrive in Britain and kept coming until the arrival of the Romans.They may come originally from eastern and central Europe,now France,Belgium and southern Germany.约公元前700年,凯尔特人来到不列颠岛并一直陆续到来直到罗马人的入侵.他们可能源自东欧和中欧,即现在的法国,比利时和德国南部. They came in three main waves:the Gaels~about 600 BC;the Brythons~about 400 BC;the Belgae~about 150 BC.凯尔特人来到不列颠有三次高潮:第一次是约公元前600年的盖尔人;第二次是约公元前400年的布立吞人;第三次是约公元前150年的贝尔盖人. The Celtic tribes are the ancestors of the Highland Scots,the Irish and the Welsh,and their languages are the basis of both Welsh and Gaelic.凯尔特人是山地苏格兰人,爱尔兰人和威尔士人的祖先,他们的语言是威尔士语和盖尔语的基础. The Celts’ religion was Druidism. 凯尔特人的宗教为德鲁伊德教. The Belgae were the most industrious and vigorous of the Celtic tribes.贝尔盖人是最勤奋,最精力充沛的. The Celts were practised farmers. 凯尔特人是有经验的农民.2.Basis of modern English race: the Anglo-Saxons现代英国人的基础:盎格鲁—萨克逊(446-871) In the mid-5th century Jutes,Saxons, and Angles came to Britain.They were three Teutonic tribes.The Jutes,who fished and farmed in Jutland(now southern Denmark),came to Britain first.Then the Saxons came.They came from northern Germany,established their kingdoms in Essex, Sussex and Wessex. In the second half of the 6th century,the Angles who also came from northern Germany and were to give their name to the English people, settled in East Anglia, Mercia and Northumbria. 五世纪中叶,朱特人,撒克逊人和盎格鲁人来到不列颠岛.这是三支日耳曼部落.居住在朱特兰岛(现丹麦南部)从事打渔农耕的朱特人先到达不列颠;接着是撒克逊人,他们来自德国北部,在埃塞克斯,苏塞克斯和威塞克斯建立了王国;六世纪后半叶,同样来自德国北部把自己名字给了英国人的盎格鲁人,在东盎格利亚,麦西亚以及诺森伯利来定居.Heptarchy:During the Anglo-Saxon’s time,Britain was divided into many kingdoms,among which there were seven principal kingdoms of Kent,Essex,Sussex,Wessex,East Anglia,Mercia and Northumbria.They were given the name for Heptarchy. 在盎格鲁-撒克逊时期,英国被划分为许多王国,其中有七个主要王国:肯特,埃塞克斯,苏塞克斯,威塞克斯,东盎格利亚,麦西亚和诺森伯利来.他们被合称为七王国.The Anglo-Saxon tribes were constantly at war with one another,each trying to get the upper hand,so that the kingdoms were often broken up and often pieced together again. 盎格鲁-撒克逊部落之间不断交战,彼此都想占上风,因此王国总是分了合,合了又分The Anglo-Saxons brought their own Teutonic religion to Britain. 盎格鲁—撒克逊人把日耳曼宗教带到了英国.Although the Anglo-Saxons were ferocious people,they laid the foundations of the English state.Firstly,they divided the country into shires;Secondly,they devised the narrow-strip,three-field farming system which continued to the 18th century;Thirdly,they also established the manorial system.Finally,they created the Witan(council/meeting of wisemen)to advise the king,the basis of the Privy Council which still exists today. 虽然盎格鲁-撒克逊人是凶猛的民族,但他们为英国国家的形成打下了基础.首先他们把国家划分为郡;其次他们设计的窄条三圃田农耕制延用至18世纪;他们还建立了采邑制;最后他们还创立了议会(贤人会议),向国王提供建议,这是现存的枢密院基础.3.The Viking and Danish invasions The Norwegian Vikings and the Danes attacked various parts of England from the end of the 8th century.The Danes gained control of the north and east of England—the Danelaw.从8世纪末起,挪威海盗和丹麦人就不断袭击英格兰各地方.丹麦人控制英格兰北部和东部丹麦法区. After Alfred’s death,his s uccessors reconquered the Danelaw.King Ethelred the Unready tried paying the invaders to stay away.But the Danes didn’t go away but invade again. 亚尔弗雷德死后,他的继任者们重新征服了丹麦地区."未准备好者"埃塞尔雷德国王进贡给丹麦人以免被侵略,但丹麦人又再度进犯. After Ethelred’s death,Canute,the Danish leader was made English king in 1016.He proved to be a wise ruler.After his death in 1035,his sons Harold and Hardicanute reigned successively.After Hardicanute’s death the succession passed to the successor Edward the Confessor. 埃塞尔雷德死后,丹麦首领喀奴特在1016年成为了英国国王.他是位英明的通知者.1035年他死后,他的儿子哈罗德和哈迪喀奴特先后统治王国.哈迪喀奴特死后,王位传给了"忏悔者"爱德华.4.King Alfred and his contributions亚尔弗雷德国王和他所做出的贡献(849-899) ①Alfred was the king of Wessex and defeated the Danes and reached a friendly agreement with them in 879亚尔弗雷德是威塞克斯的国王.他打败了丹麦人,并于公元879年与他们达成了友好协议;②He founded a strong fleet and is known as “the father of the British navy”他因为建立了强大舰队,而以“英国海军之父”闻名于世;③He reorganized the Saxon army,making it more efficient他改组了撒克逊军队,使之更为高效;④He is said to have taught himself Latin and translated a Latin book into English据说他自学了拉丁语并将一本拉丁语书译成英语⑤He encouraged learning in others,established schools and formulated a legal system. All this earns him the title “Alfred the Great”他鼓励向他人求知并修建学校,并且制订法律制度.5.The Norman Conquest and its consequences诺曼征服及其影响(1066) It was said that king Edward had promised the English throne to William, but the Witan chose Harold as king. So William led his army to invade England. In October 1066, William defeated Harold in the battle of Hastings.On Christmas Day William was crowned king of England in Westminster Abbey. 爱德华国王曾答应把英格兰王位传给诺曼底公爵威廉,但是贤人会议挑选了哈罗德为国王.公元1066年10月,在哈斯丁斯战役中威廉打败了哈罗德军队.圣诞节这天在威斯敏斯特大教堂,威廉被加冕为英格兰国王. The Norman Conquest of 1066 is perhaps the best-known event in English history. William the Conqueror confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his Norman followers. He replaced the weak Saxon rule with a strong Norman government.The Norman Conquest ended the English history of being invaded, the feudal system was completely established in England . Relations with the Continent were opened, and civilization and commerce were extended. Norman-French culture, language, manners and architecture were introduced.The Church was brought into closer connection with Rome, and the church courts were separated from the civil courts. 公元1066年的诺曼征服也许是英国历史上的最著名事件.征服者威廉没收了几乎所有土地,将其分发给他的诺曼追随者.他用强大的诺曼政府取代软弱的撒克逊人统治.诺曼征服结束了被侵略的英国历史,英格兰完全确立了封建制度:扩展了与欧洲大陆的关系;文明和商业都得到发展;引进了诺曼—法国文化、语言、举止和建筑.教会与罗马的联系更为密切,教会法庭从世俗法庭中单独分离出来.Chapter 3 The Shaping of the Nation 英国的形成（公元1066-1381）1.England's feudalism under the rule of William the Conqueror在威廉统治下的英国封建制度①Under William,the feudal system in England was completely established在威廉统治下,英国的封建制度得到完全确立;②In this system,the King owned all the land personally根据此制度,国王拥有全国所有土地;③William gave his barons large estate s in England in return for a promise of military service and a proportion of the land’s produce威廉把英国的大片土地分给贵族,条件是贵族保证服役和交租;④These estates were scattered far and wide over the country,so that those who held them could not easily combine to rebel the king贵族的这些地产分散于各处,这样土地拥有者就不易联合起来反叛国王;⑤The barons parceled out his land to the lesser nobles,knights and freemen,also in return for goods and services贵族又把土地分配给小贵族,骑士和自由民,同样要他们交租和服役;⑥At the bottom of the feudal scale were the villeins or serfs在封建等级底层的是农奴;⑦One peculiar feature of the feudal system of England was that all landowners must take the oath of allegiance,not only to their immediate lord,but also to the king英国封建制独有的特色就是,无论是土地承租人还是二佃户,都必须要宣誓效忠于直接领主,而且要效忠于国王.William replaced the Witan with the Grand Council. 威廉用大议会取代了贤人会议. In order to have a reliable record of all his lands,his tenants and their possessions,William sent his clerks to compile a property record known as Domesday Book,which was completed in 1086. 为了使所有的土地,佃户和他们的财产记录可靠,威廉派官员编了一本财产清册,称为«末日审判书»2.Contents and the significance of the Great Charter«大宪章»的内容及意义Also known as the Magna Carta,Great Charter was signed by King John in 1215 under the press of the barons.«大宪章»是约翰国王1215年在封建贵族压力下签定的. It consists of 63 clauses. Its important provisions are as follows«大宪章»共有63条:①no tax should be made without the approval of the Grand Council没有大议会批准不得征税;②no freeman should be arrested,imprisoned,or deprived of his property except by the law of the land除依照法律,不得随意逮捕,拘禁自由民,不依照土地法不得剥夺其财产;③the Church should possess all its rights,together with freedom of elections教会拥有的权利和选举自由不受侵犯;④London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privileges伦敦和其它城市应保留其古老的权利和特权;⑤there should be the same weight and measures throughout the country全国应统一度量衡. Although the Great Charter has long been popularly regarded as the foundation of English liberties,it was a statement of the feudal and legal relationship between the Crown and the barons,a guarantee of the freedom of the Church and a limitation of the powers of the king.The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitation of the powers of the king,keeping them within the bounds of the feudal law of the land.尽管长期普遍认为«大宪章»是英国自由的基础,但它只是国王与贵族之间的封建与法律关系,保证教会的自由,限制国王的权力.«大宪章»的精神是限制王权,置王权于封建法律的约束下.3.The origins of the English Parliament英国议会的起源In 1258,the barons,under Simon de Montfort,forced Henry Ⅲand his son Prince Edward to swear to accept the Provisions of ter,Henry refused to confirm to the Provisions of Oxford,thus a civil war brake out between the king’s suppor ters and the baronial army led by Simon de Montfort. 1258年,贵族们在西蒙•德•孟福尔的领导下迫使国王和他的儿子爱德华王子宣誓接受"牛津协定".亨利拒绝批准牛津协定,国王的支持者和西蒙•德•孟福尔领导的封建主组成的军队之间爆发了内战.The Great Council is known to be the prototype of the current British Parliament. In 1265,Simon de Montfort summoned the Great Council,together with two knights from each country and two citizens from each town.,a meeting which has seen as the earliest parliament.It later developed into the House of Lords and the House of Common as a parliament. 大议会是当今英国议会的原型.1265年,西门德孟福尔召开大议会,各县有两名骑士,各镇有两名市民参加,此次会议被看作是最早的议会.大议会发展到后来演变成议会.分为上议院和下议院Its main role was to offer advice,not to make decisions.There were still no elections,no parties,and the most important part of Parliament was the House of Lords. 其作用是咨询而非决定,也没有选举和政党.议会的最重要的部分是上议院4.The Hundred Years' War with France and its consequences百年战争及其结果When Edward III claimed the French Crown but the French refused to recognize,the war broke out. 爱德华三世宣布要继承法国王位,但法国人民拒绝承认,于是引发了百年战争. The Hundred Years’ War with France refers to the war between England and France that lasted intermittently from 1337 to 1453.The causes of the war were partly territorial and partly economic. The territorial causes were related with the possession by the English kings of the large duchy of Aquitaine,while the French kings coveted this large slice. The economic causes were connected with cloth manufacturing towns in Flanders, which were the importer of English wool, but they were loyal to the French king politically. Besides, England's desire to stop France from giving aid to Scots and a growing sense of nationalism were the other causes.百年战争指1337年到1453年英法之间一场断断续续的战争.战争的起因既有领土因素又有经济因素.领土起因尤其是与英国国王拥有法国阿奎丹大片的公爵领地有密切关系,随着法国国王势力日增,他们日益渴望占领这片从他们领土内被分割出去的土地.经济原因则与弗兰德斯有关.弗兰德斯地区生产棉布的城镇是英国羊毛的主要进口地,但这些城镇在政治上却效忠法国国王.其他原因还有英国试图阻止法国帮助苏格兰人,以及不断觉醒的民族意识.When the war ended,Calais was the only part of France that still in the hands of English. 战争结束的时候只有加来港还被英军占领.Consequences:The expulsion of the English from France is regarded as a blessing for both countries:had they remained,the superior size and wealth of France would certainly have hindered the development of a separate English national identity,while France was hindered so long as a foreign power occupied so much French territory. 战争的结果:把英国人赶出了法国对两个国家都是幸事:若英国人继续留在法国,那么法国人在领土和财富上所占的优势必然会阻碍英国作为一个独立民族的发展;而法国如被外国势力占领了大量的领土,其民族特性的发展也要长期受阻.HenryⅤrenewed the war in 1415 and won a crushing victory at Argencourt.He was recognized to the French throne in 1420.After his death,the French,encouraged by Joan of Arc,finally drove the English out of France. 亨利五世在1415年重新发动战争.在阿根科特战役中大胜.他在1420年成为法国国王.亨利死后,法国人民在圣女贞德的鼓舞下,最终把英军驱逐出法国.5.Consequences of the Black Death黑死病的影响The Black Death was the modern name given to the deadly epidemic disease spread by rat fleas across Europe in the 14th century.It swept through England in the summer of 1348 without warning and,most importantly,without any cure.It reduced England’s population from four million to two million(about one half and one third of the population was killed) by the end of the 14th century. 黑死病是现代名称,指老鼠身上的跳蚤传播的致命的淋巴腺鼠疫引起的传染性疾病.14世纪传播了到欧洲.1348年夏天横扫全英国,事先毫无预兆,而更重要的是无药可救.英国的人口在14世纪末从400万锐减至200万. The economic consequences of the Black Death were far-reaching.As a result of the plague,much land was left untended and there was a terrible shortage of ndowners tended to change from arable to sheep-farming,which required less labour.The surviving peasants had better bargainning power and were in a position to change their serfdom into paid labour.So some landlords,unable or unwilling to pay higher wages,tried to force peasants back into serfdom.In 1351 the government issued a Statute of Labourers which made it a crime for peasants to ask for more wages or for their employers to pay more than the rates laid down by the Justices of the Peace. 黑死病对经济造成的后果更为深远.鼠疫导致了大片土地无人照管和劳动力极度匮乏.地主只得把耕地改成对人力需求较少的牧场.幸存的农民处于有利的可以讨价还价的地位,他们从农奴变为雇佣劳动力。
高一英语必修一复习知识点笔记
高一英语必修一复习知识点笔记1.高一英语必修一复习知识点笔记篇一present perfect and past simple。
现在完成时和一般过去式，现在完成时表示发生在过去的事情对现在依然有明显的影响发生在过去的动作但是不知道动作发生的时间或对动作发生的确切时间不感兴趣。
现在完成时经常和下列时间状语连用：Before, ever, never, already, and , yet. already 用于肯定句，yet用于疑问句和否定句。
Venus and Serena have played each other before.(重要的事他们过去进行了比赛，但是何时比赛并不重要—现在完成时)Venus and Serena have played each other in June 1999.(我们知道此事发生的确切时间—一般过去时)2.高一英语必修一复习知识点笔记篇二一、过去将来时参照一般将来时对比：用would do、was / were going to do sth.表过去将来;come、go、leave等过去进行时表过去将来时;was / were to do sth.和was / were about to do sth.表过去将来。
二、过去进行时①过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或某一阶段内发生或频繁发生。
②某一动作发生时另一动作正在发生，其中一个在由when或while引导的时间状语从句中。
三、现在完成时①现在完成时除可以和for、since引导的状语连用外，还可以和下面的介词短语连用：during / in /over the last(past)few years (months, weeks)、in recent years 等。
②下列句型中常用现在完成时It is (has been) + 一段时间 + since从句This(That / It)is the first(second…)time that + 完成时This(That / It)is the only … + that + 完成时This(that / It)is the best / finest / most interesting … + that 从句 + 完成时③在时间或条件状语从句中，现在完成时可以代替一般将来时。
(自考专升本资料)《高级英语》复习笔记3
高级英语复习笔记及讲解3Lesson Four1.dodge ： avoid , evade or elude 逃避.如；He was accused of dodging his taxes .他被指控逃税.You shouldn 't dodge your responsibilities. 你不能回避责认.move aside suddenly 突然闪开.如：I dodged out of the way when he threw a chair at me . 他将椅子向我扔来的时候,我急忙闪开.2.condemn： express an unfavorable judgement or opinion of 谴责.如：We condemned empty talk instead of hard work.我们谴责只说空话不务实的行为.3.to come to light ： to be discovered or revealed 暴露.如；On investigation some new facts came to light . 一经调查，一些新的事实就被暴露了.It has now come to light that he was financially backed by some interest group.人们刚刚得知，他受到了某个利益集团的经济支持.nguish ：1) become feeble ;droop ; lose liveliness orthe will to do things 凋萎，有气无力.如；languish from the heat /in prison/ in his dull job 由于天气炎热/坐牢/工作乏味而萎靡不振.2)suffer from a feeling of longing 苦思.如；languish for some kind words/her love 苦苦期盼一些抚慰的话语/ 她的爱.5.moral ： the moral teaching or practical lesson continued ina fable , tale , experience,etc.寓意.如；There is a moral to the story .这个故事有个寓意.arre ： unusual in appearance, style , or characters 夕卜貌,风格或性格怪异.如；a bizarre coincidence——次奇，怪的巧合;his bizrre behavior 他，怪异的行为.7.at her own request根据她本人的要求.另如：He wrote this book at the request of his 写了他根据……的要求那本书._vote on ：就进行表决.如：Let 's vote on this issue , since we can' t agree . 既然我们不能达成一致意见,就来投票表决吧.8.inprivate ： not publicly , secretly 私下.如：Such a thing is best discussed in private . 这种事情最好私卜讨论.He can be very rube in private, though he is usually polite in public .他私下可能很粗鲁，但在群众面前通常彬彬有礼.9.taboo adj.忌讳的，禁止的.如：This topic is taboo on the campus .校园里忌讳讨论这个话题.10.A. prolong ： cause sth. to continue longer 延长.如：I have to prolong my stay here for another three days . 我必须继续在这里呆三天时间.You should not have prolonged the ceremony . 你本不该延长仪式的时间.B. throes ： agony 痛苦.如；in death throes处于临终痛苦.11.h old out ： continue to last 坚持，挺住.如：Can you hold out much longer ?你能再坚持一段时间吗?12.a dminister to apple as a remedy 施用.如：administer laws执彳亍法律.The doctor administered some me medicine to the girl . 医生给女孩施用了一些药.ply with ： act in accordance with wishes , requirements or conditions 遵守（意愿，要求或条件等）.如；You ought to comply with the rules /the demands/ the 1aw/ the requests.你应该遵守规章/命令/法律/要求.14.p ose danger 造成危险.pose ： cause sth. to exist 导致产生.另如：pose problems 引起问题.15.b y contrast 相比之下.By contrast , his brother is quite easygoing . 相比之下，他的兄弟比拟好相处.16.u sher in ： herald 预报，宣告.如；usher in a new age of prosperity宣告新的繁荣时期的到来.The rising sun ushered in a new day . 太阳的升起宣告新的——天开始了.The cuckoo ushered in Spring.布谷鸟宣布春天到来.。
英语学习笔记知识点归纳总结
英语学习笔记知识点归纳总结
1. 词汇研究
- 提高词汇量对于英语研究至关重要，可以通过背单词、阅读和听力练来扩大词汇量。
- 熟练使用英汉词典可以帮助理解单词的意思及用法。
- 注意词汇的拼写和发音，可以使用英语在线词典进行查询和练。
2. 语法知识
- 掌握基本的句型结构，如主谓宾、并列句、从句等。
- 注意使用正确的时态、语态和语气，并理解其在句子中的用法。
- 研究常用的语法规则，如动词变化、名词性质等。
3. 句子构建
- 研究如何使用连接词和过渡词来使句子更连贯。
- 使用适当的修饰词和介词来表达自己的观点和描述事物。
- 注意句子的结构和顺序，避免重复和冗长。
4. 阅读和听力技巧
- 阅读英文材料可以提高词汇量和理解能力，建议选择适合自己水平的材料进行阅读。
- 听力练可以帮助提高听力理解和口语表达能力，可以使用听力材料和英语研究软件进行练。
5. 写作技巧
- 研究如何写作不同类型的文章，如议论文、说明文、记叙文等。
- 练写作，注意语法和拼写错误，并寻求他人的反馈和建议。
- 使用合适的过渡句和段落来使文章结构更清晰。
以上是英语学习笔记的知识点归纳总结，希望对你的英语学习有所帮助。
不断积累知识，勤加练习，相信你会在英语学习中取得好成绩！。
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英语复习笔记一、短文背诵1、大海What do you know about the sea ? You may have seen it . Some of us have swum or bathed in it . It looks beautiful on a fine sunny day , but it can be very rough when there is a strong wind . What else do you know about it?Of course , the sea is very large . In the world there is more sea than land . the sea covers more than tow thirds of the earth .2、写给老师的一封信Dear Mr . Ney Thompson ,I arrived at Pearson College in Victoria , British Columbia , in late August . Pearson College is a small school , quite different from University of Toronto in Ontario , which is huge and famous . I could have gone to the University of Toronto , but i chose this school for its small size and its excellent programme in my major field—linguistics.My classes started a few weeks ago , and i enjoy them very much . I`m taking four courses : English , applied linguistics , mathematics and psychology . There are not many students in my linguistics class , and the professor often gives us individual instruction during his office hours . He is a kind old man with my studies , i find time to play o the soccer team .3、风筝For thousands of years ,kites have been made and flown by people of all ages living in most parts of the world . In Korean Peninsula , people fly kites on the first few days of the year as a kind of celebration . In Japan , kite flying is an important part of theBoys` Festival that is held each May . In china , one day out of every year is celebrated as Kites` day . At these special “ kite celebrations ”, hundreds of thousands of kite are flown . They are made in all shapes , colours , and size . Some are shape like fish , dragons ,or birds . All of them are very bright are colourful .4、深夜Presently there came behind us the sound of a heavy tread , and before you could say “ Jack Robinson ” , a policeman was standing in front of me , his notebook open , a determined look on his face“ Excuse me , sir ” he said , “ you have a remarkable voice , if i may say so . Who taught you singing ? I `d very much like to find someone who can give my daughter sinding lessons . Would you be kind enough to tell me your tell me your name and address ? Then my wife or i would drop you a line and we could discuss the matter ” .二、翻译1、陆地只占地球表面积的三分之一Land covers only one third of the earth .2、我们的新教学楼高25米。
Our new classroom building is 25 meters high.3、科学家们正在研究海洋问题Scientists are making a study of the ocean issues.4、“泰坦尼克号”是由于撞上冰山而沉没的Titanic sank becomes of the icebery .5、你在海里游过泳吗Have you ever swum in the sea ?6、天气愈来愈冷了It is getting colder and colder .7、长江是中国最长的河流The Yangtze river is the longest river in china8、他的小提琴比玛丽拉得好He plays the violin better than Mary .9、武汉的夏季比北京热The summer in Wuhan is much hotter than it is in Beijing .10、声音传播得比光慢得多Sound travels much move slowly than light .11、世界上海洋的面积大于陆地In the world there is more sea than land .12、世界上最高的山峰也仅有大约九千米高The highest mountain in the world only about 9 kilometers high . 13、某些地方的海水比其他地方的海水要咸Some parts of the sea are more salty than other parts .14、他们用其巨大无比的鄂吞下比自身大数倍的鱼With their great jaws , they can swallow fish larger than themselves .15、随着潜水员下沉，海水变得越来越冷Then as the divers go down ,the sea becomes colder and colder . 16、玛丽的中文讲的比约翰好Mary speaks Chinese better than John17、这是课文中最难的句子This is the difficult sentence in the text18、在我们班，她游泳最好She is the best swimmer in our class .19、我们三个中他最年轻He is the youngest of us there20、在所有女生中她是学习最勤奋的She studies the hardest among the girl students1、他们在火车抵达前20分钟就已到达车站。
They arrived at the station twenty minutes before the train was due .2、索菲亚回到家心情好极了Sofia felt in excellent spirits when she arrived home .3、有迹象表明此事故是完全可以避免的Indications are that the accident could have been prevented4、我真不知道我还能怎么做I do not see how i could have done otherwise5、他是历史专业的学生He is a history major .6、贝蒂主修经济，而我主修英语Betty majors in economics and i major in English.7、只有两门课供你选修There are just two courses you can take .8、你会发觉我们都想和你交朋友You will find us all wanting to make friends with you .9、他把一生都贡献给了为人类造福的事业He has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind.10、那位大夫每周出四天门诊The doctor had office hours four days a week .11、皮尔逊学院规模不大，与安大略的多伦多大学有很大的不同，多伦多大学又大又有名气。
12、我和一位加拿大学生交了朋友，他叫罗伯特.威尔逊。
13、罗伯特主修基础教育，很多大学生都义务为附近贫困家庭的孩子上课，她就是其中之一。
14、像我们近半数同学一样，我靠奖学金来支付一部分上学费用、15、我一直记得您上的那些课，那些课使我受益匪浅。
16、我哥哥的专业是心理学。
17、他们说做广告很值得18、他是一位负责任的医生，并得到病人的信任19、青年节马上就要到了。