考研英语长难句分析之 特殊句式
2020考研英语语法干货：特殊长难句分析技巧
2020考研英语语法干货：特殊长难句分析技巧
同学们，是否在考研复习时,为英语语法而头疼呢? 不用担心。
下面是小编为大家带来的“2020考研英语语法干货：特殊长难句分析技巧”相关内容，欢迎大家阅读。
2020考研英语语法干货：特殊长难句分析技巧
特殊结构，总结了分裂结构、嵌套结构、平行结构，如导图所示。
分裂结构中，如果是同位语或插入语造成的分裂，直接去掉不看。
如果是状语从句的插入，要把从句后移，移到句子末尾再看。
如果是从句后移的分裂(从句过长，主语过短，为了避免意思表达的不连贯，因此把长的从句后移)，要把从句还原到原本的位置。
嵌套结构只不过是从句套从句，就好像Android布局的嵌套一样咯(写代码还是有好处的)。
理解的时候，得先由内而外断开句子，再由外而内理解意思。
平行结构，又称并列结构，类似中文的排比，并列的多个成分往往是词性相同或形式一致的。
与之前的并列句，几乎无差啦。
考研英语的长难句
考研英语的长难句考研英语的长难句篇1一、逆序法逆序法即倒置法。
有些英语长句的表达次序与汉语习惯不同，甚至语序完全相反，这就必须从原文的后面译起，逆着原文的顺序翻译。
例如：“There was little hope of continuing my inquiries after dark to any useful purpose in a neighborhood that was strange to me.”该句可分为三部分①“There was little hope”;②“continuing my inquiries after dark to any useful purpose”;③“in a neighborhood that was strange to me.”前两层表结果，第三层表原因。
这句英语长句的叙述层次与汉语逻辑相反，因此要打破原句的结构，按照汉语造句的规律重新加以安排。
译为：这一带我不熟悉，天黑以后继续进行调查，取得结果的希望不大。
二、顺序法有些英语长句按逻辑关系安排，与汉语的表达方式比较一致，或者叙述的一连串动作按发生的时间先后安排，这类句子可按原文顺序译出，相比较要容易一些，大家可以按照正常的思维翻译即可。
三、分译法有些英语长句的主句与从句或主句与修饰语间的关系并不十分密切，为使意思连贯，建议考生们可把长句中的从句或短语化为句子分开来叙述，有时还可适当增加词语。
例如：“He became deaf at five after an attack of typhoid fever.”该句有两个介词短语，代表两层意思。
因此，按照分译法，打破原句的结构翻译成：他五岁的时候，生了一场伤寒病，变成了聋子。
四、综合法另有一些英语长句用前三种翻译方法翻译时都有困难，需要用综合法。
即或按时间先后，或按逻辑先后，或按逻辑顺序，有顺有逆地进行综合处理。
例如：“The phenomenon y in which light physically scatters when it passes through particles in the earth’s atmosphere that are1/10 in diameter of the color of the light.”该句可以分解为四个部分①“The phenomenon describes the way”;②“in which light physically scatters”;③“when it passes through particles in the earth‘s atmosphere”;④“that are1/10in diameter of the color of the light.”其中，第一、二和三、四部分之间是修饰与被修饰的关系。
考研英语长难句总结
考研英语长难句总结一、定语从句1.The people who’ve been hurt the worst are those who’ve stayed too long.2.I can’t think of a single search I’ve done where a board has not instructed me to look at sittingCEOs first.3.In addition, the computer programs a company uses to estimate relationships may be patentedand not subject to peer review or outside evaluation.4.But recently, many historians have begun to focus on the roles slavery played in the lives ofthe founding generation.5.The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domesticsituations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals.二、名词性从句1.Unhappy parents rarely are provoked to wonder if they shouldn’t have had kids, but unhappychildless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world: obviously their misery must be a direct result of the gaping baby-size holes in their lives.2.The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more (and morediverse) communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways.3.What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just how fast thingsare changing.4.But it’s obvious that a majority of the president’s advisers still don’t take global warmingseriously.三、状语从句1.Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard, Seniorwrites that ―the ve ry things that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources ofintense gratification and delight.‖2.But in some cases, one marketer’s owned media become another marketer’s paid media – forinstance, when an e-commerce retailer sells ad space on its Web site.3.We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organizationsplace their content or e-commerce engines within that environment.四、后置定语1.According to several studies concluding that parents are less happy than childless couples,single parents are the least happy of all.2.Consumers passionate about a product may create ―earned‖ media by willingly promoting itto friends, and a company may leverage ―owned‖ media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site.3.The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconventional.4.The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in theinstitution of the traditional classical concert.5.Databases used by some companies don't rely on data collected systematically but rather lumptogether information from different research projects.6.It’s not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suitsone to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.7.Such standardized tests may not assess all the important elements necessary to succeed inschool and in life, argues Robert J. Sternberg.五、伴随状语1.If that happens, passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products,putting the reputation of the target company at risk.2.But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life, we may consider theoriginal Puritans as carriers of European culture, adjusting to New World circumstances.3.Not long ago, with the country entering a recession and Japan at its pre-bubble peak, the U.S.workforce was derided as poorly educated and one of the primary causes of the poor U.S.economic performance.4.More recently, while examining housing construction, the researchers discovered that illiterate,non-English-speaking Mexican workers in Houston, Texas, consistently met best-practice labor productivity standards despite the complexity of the building industry's work.5.But particularl y when viewed against America’s turbulent past, today’s social indices hardlysuggest a dark and deteriorating social environment.六、形式主语1.But it’s interesting to wonder if the images we see every week of stress-free,happiness-enhancing parenthood aren’t in some small, subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience.2.To be sure, he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions, but it is notnecessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall, or anywhere else, to hear interesting orchestral music.3.It is critical that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments thatscience can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.4.It’s OK to keep pouring fumes into the air until w e know for sure.5.Surely it should be obvious to the dimmest executive that trust, that most valuable ofeconomic assets, is easily destroyed and hugely expensive to restore – and that few things are more likely to destroy trust than a company letting sensitive personal data get into the wrong hands.七、形式宾语1.The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one.2.At the start of the first year in infant school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front,to make it easier to remember their names.八、长主语1.The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director hasbeen the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009.2.The most thoroughly studied intellectuals in the history of the New World are the ministersand political leaders of seventeenth-century New England.3.The relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widelymisunderstood by economists and politicians alike.4.The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly the onlyMadonna-and-child image on newsstands this week.九、同位语1.Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across CareerBuilder, a jobdatabase on the Internet.2.But as diet and health improved, children and adolescents have, on average, increased inheight by about an inch and a half every 20 years, a pattern known as the secular trend in height.3.Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court ineffect supported the medical principle of ―double effect‖, a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects — a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen — is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.4.Sternberg notes that traditional test best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measurecreativity and practical knowledge, components also critical to problem solving and life success.十、并列结构1.Besides generating income, the presence of other marketers makes the site seem objective,gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies’ marketing, and may help expand user traffic for all companies con cerned.2.Alex Ross, a classical-music critic, has described him as a man who is capable of turning thePhilharmonic into ―a markedly different, more vibrant organization.‖3.For the time, attention, and money of the art-loving public, classical instrumentalists mustcompete not only with opera houses, dance troupes, theater companies, and museums, but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century.4.Progress in both areas is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political and intellectualdevelopment of these and all other societies.5.This increasingly high level of education is probably a necessary, but not a sufficient,condition for the complex political systems required by advanced economic performance.十一、插入语1.One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise, however, is that Gilbert iscomparatively little known.2.The details may be unknowable, but the independence of standard-setters, essential to theproper functioning of capital markets, is being compromised.3.Washington, who had begun to believe that all men were created equal after observing thebravery of the black soldiers during the Revolutionary War, overcame the strong opposition of his relatives to grant his slaves their freedom in his will.4.The Internet –and pressure from funding agencies, who are questioning why commercialpublishers are making money from government-funded research by restricting access to it – is making access to scientific results a reality.5.I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life theactivity of thinking in a Socratic (苏格拉底) way about moral problems.十二、比较1.From the middle-class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like anopportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholesale shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders.2.Rather, it involves setting specific goals, obtaining immediate feedback and concentrating asmuch on technique as on outcome.3.In fact, the more new things we try — the more we step outside our comfort zone — the moreinherently creative we become, both in the workplace and in our personal lives.4.So it seems paradoxical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation.5.Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct ourown change by consciously developing new habits.6.Instead of intimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite,‖ these were stores ―anyone couldenter, regardless of class or background.十三、倒装1.According to the standard history of American philosophy, nowhere else in colonial Americawas ―s o much importance attached to intellectual pursuits.‖2.Only when humanity began to get its food in a more productive way was there time for otherthings.3.Adding to a woman’s increased dose of stress chemicals are her increased ―opportunities‖ forstress.4.Among the firms making the biggest splash in this new world is Straitford, Inc., a privateintelligence-analysis firm based in Austin, Texas.十四、强调句1.It was the Federal Circuit itself that introduced such patents with its 1998 decision.2.It is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the town’s revenue because theyspend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants.十五、That1.As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led bymusicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise.2.When the competitive environment pushed our ancestors to achieve that potential, they couldin turn afford more education.。
近几年来关于长难句八大类型的总结
近几年来，考研英语出现了很多难句。
并且这些难句主要是长难句。
英语长难句不限于并列句和复合句，简单句有时也很长。
它的一个重要特点便是修饰语较长，而这些较长的修饰语一般都是短语和从句，它们或是位于名词后面的定语短语或从句，或是位于动词后面的状语短语或从句。
这类修饰语在句子中还可以一个套一个连用，甚至一连套上好几个也很普通。
于是，英语文章中出现的长句少则四、五行，多则十余行，甚至整个一段就是一个长句。
对于考研英语的考生来说，英语长句的理解，关键在于语法分析。
具体地说，理解长句大体可以分两个步骤进行：(1)判断出句子是简单句，并列句，还是复合句；(2)先找出句中的主要成分，即主语和谓语动词；然后再分清句中的宾语、状语、表语、宾语补足语、定语等。
一般说来考研英语的句式往往具有以下特点：1)句子偏长，多为复杂句。
2)句子修饰语多，层次复杂。
3)使用插入语和分隔结构4)成分省略5)多枝共干6)改变语序7)否定结构8)比较结构这八种方式往往可以相互结合．从而形成更长的难句。
形成长难句的目的却只有一个。
就是打断和打乱考生正常的阅读习惯和思维习惯。
从而达到考察考生阅读能力和翻译能力的目标。
下面分别对这八种方式一—解析。
第一节：句子偏长，多为复杂句具体表现在以下几点：I. 主语为长句，且放在前面如果句子的主语比谓语长许多，可用各种修饰手段变成主谓语两头基本平衡。
阅读理解短文中大多数也是这种句子。
但是，也有相当一部分长句不是这样，而是头顶一个长长的主语，其后的谓语却非常短。
例如：【例1】Much of the language used to describe monetary policy, such as "steering the economy to a soft landing" or "a touch on the brakes", makes it sound like a precise science.【简析】本句的主语部分是: Much of the language used to describe monetary policy, such as "steering the economy to a soft landing" or "a touch on the brakes", 长达24 个单词，而谓语只是一个词make.对中国学生来说，这样长的主语往往会打乱我们的思维习惯，使我们摸不清句子结构关系，导致理解错误。
考研英语常见10种长难句句型结构
考研英语常见10种长难句句型结构长难句是考研英语的一大难点，为帮助考生们攻破这一难题，以下是店铺搜索整理的关于2018考研英语常见10种长难句句型结构，供参考借鉴，希望对大家有所帮助!想了解更多相关信息请持续关注我们店铺!1 省略句一、理论常识省略结构在考研英语中的考查主要体现在句子的理解层面，主要分为两类：一类是借助于其他词语的省略，如使用助动词代替前文出现过的动词，使用代词代替提到过的名词;另一类直接省略，如略去上下文的重合部分，通常是主语(和/或)谓语。
省略结构的掌握要求是：1.快速识别句子省略的内容;2.补全句子省略的内容。
常见的省略现象会出现在并列结构中、状语从句中、名词性从句中和定语从句中。
(1)并列结构中的省略在并列句中，后面的分句往往省略和上文重合的部分。
例：I think you’ll win the race; i ndeed we all think so.我认为你一定会赢得这场比赛，事实上我们都这样想。
(so=you’ll win the race)(2)状语从句中的省略在when/while/if/as if/though(although)/as/until/whether等连词引导的状语从句中，若谓语是be，主语是it或与主句的主语相同时，则通常连同be动词一起被省略。
例：If (it is) necessary, we can give you another chance.如果必要的话，我们可以再给你一次机会。
(3)名词性从句中的省略常见的是使用不定式在主动表达中省略动词的施动者，在被动表达中省略助动词、情态动词等。
例：She will go to Beijing, but I don’t know how (she will go to Beijing).她将去北京但我不知道她怎么去。
(4)定语从句中的省略定语从句中也常使用不定式作为省略的手段;当用as引导非限制性定语从句时，常省略系动词。
2023考研英语真题典型长难句解析结构分析附译文全套
考研英语真题典型长难句解析结构分析附译文He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics.词汇突破:assert [əˈsɜːt]vt. 维护，坚持；断言；主张；声称purely [ˈpjʊəli]adv. 纯粹地；仅仅，只不过；完全地；贞淑地；清洁地pure [pjʊə(r)]adj. 纯净的；纯粹的；纯的；干净的；完全的；纯真的；清晰的abstract [ˈæbstrækt , æbˈstrækt]adj. 纯理论的；抽象的；抽象派的n. 摘要；抽象；抽象的概念；抽象派艺术作品v. 摘要；提取；抽象化；退出；转移；使心不在焉结构分析:句子的主干结构是：He asserted that 引导的宾语从句。
that 引导的宾语从句的结构是：his power (主语) + was (系动词) + limited (表语)，其中不定式to follow ... of thought 做定语修饰从句主语power。
for which reason 引导的非限制性定语从句修饰前面整个句子。
其中，又包含一个由that 引导的宾语从句。
参考译文:他还声称，他在理解一串冗长而纯粹抽象的思想方面的能力非常有限，因此他确信自己在数学方面永远不会取得成功。
He believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations.词汇突破:compensate [ˈkɒmpenseɪt]vi. 补偿，赔偿；抵消vt. 补偿，赔偿；付报酬intently [ɪnˈtentli]adv. 专心地；一心一意地；心无旁骛地intent [ɪnˈtent]adj. 专心的；坚决的n. 目的，意图结构分析:句子的主干结构是：He (主语) + believes (谓语)。
2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析nothing but
2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析nothing butThus we can roughly define what we mean by the art of reading as follows: the process whereby a mind with nothing to operate on but the symbols of the readable matter, and with no help from outside, elevates itself by the power of its own operations. The mind passes from understanding less to understanding more. The skilled operations that cause this to happen are the various acts that constitute the art of reading.【翻译】因此我们可以把阅读的艺术大致定义如下: 阅读的艺术是一个过程，通过这个过程，人的大脑只依靠自己对可以阅读的材料上的文字符号进行操作，也不需要来自外部的帮助，通过自己的操作能力就能够提升自己。
人的大脑从懂得更少逐渐过渡到懂得更多。
促使这件事情发生的技术操作就构成了阅读艺术的各种行动。
【语法分析】第一句是一个主从复合句。
主句是We can roughly define，从句是what we mean by the art of reading，作define的宾语。
as follows作状语。
这里的follows是一个名词，复数。
冒号后面的the process是同位语，作follows的同位语，具体解释follows的内容。
在the process的后面跟的是一个定语从句，修饰process. 定语从句的主干是whereby a mind elevates itself(大脑通过这个过程提升了自己)。
考研英语历年真题阅读长难句句精析
考研英语历年真题阅读长难句句精析————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期:ﻩ考研英语历年真题阅读长难句10０句精析１.Ｗhｉｌe warningｓaｒe often apprｏｐrｉａte and necｅsｓary —tｈe ｄan ｇｅrs of drug intｅrａcｔions,fｏr example—aｎd many are requirｅｄby sｔａte or fedｅral rｅguｌations,it ｉsn't cleａr that tｈey acｔualｌｙproｔｅｃtｔhe manｕfactｕrｅrｓand sｅllers frｏmｌiabilｉtｙif a cusｔomer ｉｓｉnjurｅd.【译文】尽管警告常常是适当而且必须的——比如对于药物相互作用的危险提出警告——许多警告还是按州或联邦政府规定要求给出的,然而(我们）并不清楚，如果顾客受到伤害时,这些警告是不是确实可以使得生产者和销售者豁免责任。
【分析】在这个主从复合句中,ｉt isn'ｔcｌear that thｅyａctｕalｌyｐroｔeｃt tｈe ｍanufａcturerｓaｎd ｓｅllers from lｉabｉlity if a customer ｉs inｊured是主句。
主句用了一个形式主语ｉt,真正的主语是that引导的从句，而that从句之后是一个ｉf 引导的条件从句。
从句由两个部分组成,中间用and连接。
破折号之间的部分是举例说明warnings的内容。
注意：ｍａnｙaｒｅrｅquｉrｅｄby sｔaｔe ｏrｆederａl regulaｔions中的many是指mａny warnings。
２.Aｄdｉtioｎal social stｒesses may ａlso occｕr becａｕsｅoｆthe populａtion eｘpｌoｓion ｏｒproblems aｒiｓiｎｇfrom masｓmigｒaｔｉon mｏvｅｍent ｓ—ｔheｍsｅlves made relａtivｅlｙeasy noｗadａys bｙｍoｄｅｒn mｅans ｏf tr ａｎsporｔ.【译文】由于人口猛增或大量人口流动（现代交通工具使大量人口流动变得相对容易) 所引起的各种问题也会对社会造成新的压力。
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第五讲特殊句式及长难句解析1．简单句、并列句、复合句从句: 名词性：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句形容词性：定语从句副词性：状语从句--- 时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、条件、让步、比较、方式2．省略句、比较结构、倒装句、分割结构英语中还有一些特殊句式，出现在阅读理解中，势必会成为我们理解文章的障碍。
但是，特殊句式还是有语法规律的，因此，如果我们能熟练应用特殊句式的语法规律，在阅读中一眼就能识别并领会这些特殊语法现象，障碍就基本克服了。
1.省略句资料47 To err is human; to forgive, divine.Brevity is the soul of wit. 文体畅晓，其智乃见。
（省略是将句子中的赘述部分删去，避免重复，使句子更简洁，加强表达内容的连贯性和逻辑性。
被省略的部分大多是主语、谓语或谓语中的助动词等。
文章中的省略现象会使句子成分短缺，造成句子不完整，如果看不出句子中省略了什么成分，就容易造成对文章的理解困难。
省略句一般只有当各组成部分有共同的成分才可能出现省略。
对于这类句式，其难点在于发现省略成分，一旦找出并补充完整，句意理解就会大大简化。
省略句如果出现在翻译中，在翻译的时候，一定要把省略的部分翻译出来，否则会扣分。
A：and 连接的并列句的省略材料48页：Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected, and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems.（2002）分析：很明显，and with it possibly the only way to solve our problem，是一个省略句，with 做状语一般表示伴随，这一个分句只有一个状语加一个名词结构，构不成一个完整的句子。
实际上，与前句相同的成分才会被省略，前一句的谓语部分是：will continue to be rejected. 所以，后一分句补充完整就是：with the rejection of the technology of behavior, possibly the only way to solve our problem will continue to be rejected.练习：1. The reasons for poverty are many, but for the most part center on illiteracy, the lack of opportunities and in some cases pure laziness. (主语the reasons)2.He majors in English, and I, in French. (谓语major )3.Self-confidence gives you light when you are in dark and encouragement when you aredismay. (省略主谓)B：状语从句中的省略规则：当主句的主语与从句主语一致时候，且从句的谓语动词是Be动词时候，从句可省略主谓。
See 材料48页1. 让步状语从句2 时间状语从句3．If handled properly and not misused, the clone technology will only bring more benefit than disaster to mankind. (条件状语从句)4．Some people look as if afraid of nothing. (方式状语从句)5．The computer is still not yet able to do the work as well as an intelligent secretary. （比较）真题例句1 Actually we know of no type of astronomical body in which the conditions can be favorable to life except planets like our own revolving round a sun.这是复合句。
in which引导定语从句，修饰astronomical body. 介词except引起的短语作状语。
在介词短语like our own后面省略了planet. revolving为现在分词短语作定语，修饰our own planet. 翻译时根据汉语习惯，将状语提前译出。
译文事实上，除了像地球这样围绕太阳旋转的行星以外，我们不知道是否在其他类型的天体上也有适合生命存在的条件。
真题例2：Failing hips can be replaced, clinical depression controlled, cataracts removed in a 30-minute surgical procedure.【解析】本句是由三个并列结构的短句组成，其中后两个分句clinical depression controlled 和cataracts removed in a 30-minute surgical procedure都承第一个分句省略了can be。
此句注意不要将后两个平行结构的分句看成了独立主格结构。
【翻译】髋骨出了问题可以更换，临床的忧郁症可以控制，白内障仅用30分钟的外科手术便可以切除。
2．比较结构英语比较结构最主要分为两种一：平级as…as结构，这种结构的基本模式是：as+形容词或副词原级+as, 通常表示事物之间某方面一样；翻译：A和B 一样；和B一样，A……否定形式not as/so…as, 表示两者程度不等，not as/so … as 前者不如后者A不如B People are not so honest as they once were.not so much …as 与其不如See 材料48页二：比较级than 结构，表达事物之间差别1）less… than…(与其…不如…，可等同于not as much… as)等等。
See 材料49页Science, in practice, depends far less on the experiments it prepares than on the preparedness of the minds of the men who watch the experiments. See 材料51页【分析】less...than可以理解为“不是……而是……”。
【翻译】在实践中，科学不是依靠事先有准备的试验，而是依靠实验观察者有所准备的头脑。
2）more…than结构，这种结构的基本模式是：形容词或副词比较级+than，其否定形式多用not as/so…as, 形容词或副词比较级前常用much, far, a little, a bit, a lot, a great deal等词语修饰；See 材料50页The complexity of the human situation and the injustice of the social order demand far more fundamental changes in the basic structure of society itself than some politicians are willing to admit in their speeches.和有些政客们在演讲中愿意公开承认的事实相比,人类生存状态和社会不公正现象目前已经非常复杂,这种复杂性要求社会结构进行根本性改革.Medicine is more an art than a science.3) no more than See 材料51页The heart is no more intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlled by the brain.译文：心脏和胃一样都无智力可言，因为它们都是由大脑控制的。
4) no less thanthe more people online, the more potential customers there are。
The more foreign capital you have helping you build your Third Wave infrastructure, which today is an electronic infrastructure, the better off you’re going to be.【分析】本句主干使用了the more…the more…（越……越……）的结构。
you have 是省略了引导词的定语从句，修饰先行词foreign capital; 现在分词结构helping you build your Third Wave infrastructure作foreign capital的后置定语。
逗号之前是由which引导的非限定性定语从句which today is an electronic infrastructure，修饰前面的Third Wave infrastructure。
【翻译】你拥有的用于建造第三次浪潮基础设施（今天主要指电子基础设施）的外国资金越多，你将越富有。
3．倒装结构倒装是一种语法手段，用以强调某一句子结构或某一句子成分。
倒装分为两种：将主语和谓语完全颠倒过来，叫做完全倒装；只将助动词（包括情态动词）移至主语之前，叫做部分倒装。
Then began a hot debate between the two parties. (完全倒装)Never have we found him in such a good mood.（部分倒装）理解倒装句的有效对策是找到句中的主语、谓语，进而将谓语动词还原到主语之后按照正常语序再来完整的理解该句话。
See 材料51页☆例句分析：see 材料59页Emerging from the 1980 census is the picture of a nation developing more and more regional competition.【解析】本句是全部倒装句，正常语序为The picture…is emerging from the 1980 census…, 倒装的原因是这个句子主语the picture 后面的现在分词结构developing more and more regional competition作nation的后置定语。