2020年职称英语理工类B级真题及答案
2020年职称英语理工类B级真题及答案理工类B级阅读理解Can you hear This ?When something creates a sound wave in a room or an auditorium (礼堂)，listeners hear the sound wave directly from the source. They also hear the reflections as the sound bounces off the walls , floor ,and ceiling . These are called the reflected wave or reverberant (反射的) sound , which can be heard even after the sound is no longer coming from the source .The reverberation time of an auditorium is determined by the volume or interior size of the auditorium .It is also determined by how well or how poorly the walls , ceiling, floor , and contents of the room (including the people ) absorb sound. There is no ideal reverberation time .The full-sound performance of music such as Wagner operas or Mahler symphonies should have a long reverberation time . Thelight ,rapid musical passages of Bach or Mozart need a reverberation time somewhere between .Acoustic problems often are caused by poor auditorium design .Smooth , curved (弯曲的)reflecting surfaces create large reflections . Parallel (平行的)walls reflect sound back and forth, creating a rapid ,repetitive pulsing(有节奏的跳动)effect. Large pillars (柱)and corners can cause acousticshadows as the sound waves try to pass around the object . Some of these problems can be solved by using absorbers and relectors to change the reverberation time of a room .For example , hanging large reflectors , called clouds , over the performers will allow some sound frequencies to reflect and others to pass yo achieve a pleasing mixture of sound.1.This Passage is mainly aboutA sound waves and their acoustic effect .B the types of music orchestras playC walls of an auditoriumD the design of an auditorium2.Wagner operas and Mahler symphonies sound fuller in an auditorium with~ 2 / 3 ~A a short reverberation timeB a long reverberation timeC an intermediate reverberation timeD no reverberation time3.This passage suggests that a good auditorium shouldA achieve a pleasing mixture of soundB get rid of all reflectionsC not have absorbers.D have smooth surfacesrge pillars and corners mayA make sound rich and fullB be cures for sound problemsC be sources of sound problemsD function as well as clouds5.The word “acoustic “in the last paragraph has something to do withA performanceB MusicC soundD noiseSmart WindowWindows not only let light in to cut down an electricity use for lighting，but the light coming through the window also provides heat.However，windows are not something people typically associate with being a cutting edge1technology.Researchers are now working on new technologies that enable a window to quickly change from clear to dark and anywhere in between with a flip of a switch2.“It took us a long time to figure out what a window really is,” says Claes Granqvist.He's a professor of solid-state physics at Uppsala University in Sweden3.“It's contact with the outside world.You have to have visual contact with the surrounding world to feel well.” So，windows and natural light are important for improving the way people feel when they're stuck indoors.Yet，windows are the weak link in a building when it comes to energy and temperature control.In the winter，cold air leaks in.When it's hot and sunny，sunlight streams in.All of this sunlight carries lots of heat and energy.And all of this extra heat forces people to turn ontheir air conditioners.Producing blasts of cold air，which can feel so refreshing，actually suck up enormous amounts of electricity in buildings around the world.Windows have been a major focus of energy research for a long time. Over the years，scientists have come up with a variety of strategies for coating，glazing，and layering windows to make them more energy efficient.Smart windows go a step further.They use chromogenic technologies which involve changes of color.Electrochromic windows use electricity to changecolor.For example，a sheet of glass coated with thin layers of chemical compound such as tungsten oxide works a bit like a battery.Tungsten oxide is clear when an electric charge is applied and dark when the charge is removed，that is，when the amount of voltage is decreased，the window darkens until it's completely dark after all electricity is taken away.So applying a voltage determines whether the window looks clear or dark.One important feature that makes a smart window so smart is that it has a sort of “memory.” All it takes is a small jolt of voltage to turn the window from one state to theother.Then，it stays that way.Transitions take anywhere from10 seconds to a few minutes，depending on the size of the window.The development of smart windows could mean that massive air conditioning systems may no longer need.“In the future,” Granqvist says,“our buildings may look different.”练习：1. Which of the following statements does not indicatethe importance of windows as described in the first two paragraphs?A Windows can change from clear to dark to save energy.B Windows help to save energy by letting light in.C Windows help to save energy by providing heat.D Windows enable people to have contact with the outside world.2. When are windows the weak link in a building?A In the cold winter.B In the hot summer.C When air conditioners are turned on.D Both A and B.3. What are smart windows，according to Paragraph 4?A Windows that are coated.B Windows that are glazed.C Windows the color of which can be changed.D Windows that have many layers.4. To make electrochromic windows change color，what is applied to the window glass?A Electricity.B Tungsten oxide.C A battery.D A voltage.5. What will he the benefit if the research on smart windows turns out to be successful，according to the last paragraph?A The buildings will look different.B Windows can be as large as you want.C We may not need air conditioners any more.D They are less expensive than traditional windows.词汇：flip n.& v.用手指轻弹，轻击tungsten oxide 氧化钨air conditioner 空调 (器)jolt n.& v.震摇，颠簸，晃动refreshing adj.使人清爽的electrochromic adj.电致变色的glaze v.装玻璃，用玻璃覆盖voltage n.电压chromogenic adj.发色的air conditioning 空调，空调系统注释：1. cutting edge：本意为“(刀片的)刃口，刀刃”;比喻意为“最先进的，科技含量的”。
职称英语考试理工类B级试题及答案
职称英语考试理工类B级试题及答案20XX年职称英语考试理工类B 级试题及答案20XX年职称英语考试理工类B级试题及答案第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
1．Have you talked to her lately? A．lastly B．finally C．shortly D．recently2．While we don’t agree，we continue to be friendsA．whoever B．where C．Although D ．Whatever3．Enormous sums of money have been spent on space exploration．A．Much B．Large C．Small D．Fixedt 4．About one million Americans are d iagnosed annually with skin cancer．A．every year B．severely C．actively D．every month11．The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth．A．take out B．break off C．push in D．dig up12．The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September．A．play B．show C．send D．tell 13．This table is strong and durable．A．long-lasting B．extensiveC．far-reaching D．eternal14．He endured great pain before he finally expired．A．fired B．resigned C．died D．retreated 15．The girl is gazing at herself t he mirror．A．smiling B．laughing C．shouting D．staring第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C.Mother Nature Shows Her StrengthTornadoes(龙卷风)and heavy thunderstorms moved across the Great Lakes and inc0 Trumbull County on Saturday evening．：The storms were dramatic and dangerous．George Snyder was driving the fire truck down Route 88 when he first noticed that a funnel (漏斗状的)cloud was behind him．“I stopped the truck and watched the funnel cloud．It was about 100 feet off the ground and I saw it go up and down for a while．It was moving toward Bradley Road and then suddenly it disappeared．”Snyder said．Snyder only saw one of the funnel clouds that passed through northeastern Ohio onSaturday．In Trumbull County, a tornado turned trees onto their sides．Sometrees feel onto houses and Cars．Other trees fell into telephone and electrical wires as they went down．Amanda Symcheck was having a party when the storm began．“I knew something was wrong，”she said．“I saw the sky go green andpink(粉红色)．Then it sounded like a train rushing toward the house．I started crying and told everyone to go to the basement for protection．”The tornado caused a lot of damage to cars and houses in the area．It will take a long time and much money to repair everything．There was also serious water damage from me 也under storms．The heavy rains and high wind caused the power to go out in many homesThe storms caused serious flooding in areas near the river．More than four inches of rain fell in parts of Trumbull County．The river was so hight that the water ran into streets and houses．Many streets had to be closed to Cars and trucks because of the high water．’This made it difficult for fire trucks．police cars，and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble.Many people who live near the river had to leave their homes for their own safety．Some people reported five feet of water in their homes．Local and state officials opened emergency shelters for thepeople who were evacuated(撤走)．The Red Cross served meals to them．“T his was a really intense storm。
职称英语理工类B级阅读理解真题及答案(第三篇)
职称英语理工类B级阅读理解真题及答案(第三篇)第4部分：阅读理解（第31——45题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。
请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个选项。
第三篇Can You Hear This?When something creates a sound wave in a room or anauditorium, listeners hear the sound wave directly from the source. They alsohear the reflections as the sound bounces off thewalls. floor, and ceiling. These are called the reflected wave or reverberant(反射)sound, which can be heard evenafter the sound is no longer coming from the source.The reverberation time of an auditorium isdetermined by the volume or interior size of the auditorium. It is alsodetermined by how well or how poorly the walls, ceiling, floor, and contents ofthe room (including the people) absorb sound. There is no ideal reverberation time,because each use of an auditorium calls for different reverberation. Speechneeds to be understood clearly; therefore rooms used for talking must have ashort reverberation time. The full-sound performance of music such ad Wagneroperas or Mahler symphonies should have a long reverberation time. The light,rapid musical passages of Bach or Mozart need a reverberation time somewherebetween.Acoustic problems often are caused by poorauditorium design. Smooth, curved reflecting surfaces create large reflections.Parallel (平行的）wallsreflect sound back and forth, creating a rapid, repetitive pulsing rge pillars (柱）and comerscan cause acoustic shadows as the sound waves try to pass around the object.Some of theseproblems can be solved by using absorbers and reflectors tochange the reverberation time of a room. For example, hanging large reflectors,called clouds, over the performers will allow some sound frequencies to reflectand others to pass to achieve a pleasing mixture of sound.41 This passage is mainly aboutA. Sound waves and their effects.B. the types of music orchestras play.C. walls of an auditorium.D.the design of an auditorium.答案：D42. Wagner operas and Mahler symphonieswith full-sound effect haveA. a short reverberation time.B. an intermediate reverberation time.C. no reverberation time.D. along reverberation time.答案：D43. This passage suggests that a goodauditorium shouldA. get rid of all reflections.B. not have absorbers.C.achieve a pleasing mixture of soundD. have smooth surfaces.答案：C44. Large pillars and corners mayA. make sound rich and full.B. be cures for sound problems.C.be sources of sound problems.D. function as effectively as clouds.答案：C45. The word” acoustic” in thelast paragraph has something to do withA. performanceB.soundC. audienceD. weather答案：B。
2020年职称英语理工类B级真题及答案
2020年职称英语理工类B级真题及答案第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）1．There was something peculiar in the way he smiles.A．different B．wrong C．strange D．funny2．I have little information as regards her fitness for the post.A．at B．with C．about D．from3．She came across three children sleeping under a bridge.A．found by chance B．passed by C．took a notice of D．woke up4．The rules are too rigid to allow for humane error.A．general B．complex C．direct D．inflexible5．It seems incredible that he had been there a week already.A．unbelievable B．right C．obvious D．unclear6．She gets aggressive when she is drunk.A．worried B．sleepy C．anxious D．offensive7．Rumors began to circulate about his financial problems.A．send B．hear C．spread D．confirm8．As a politician, he knows how to manipulate public opinion.A．express B．influence C．divide D．voice9．These animals migrate south annually in search of food.A．explore B．travel C．inhabit D．prefer10．He was tempted by the high salary offered by the company.A．taught B．kept C．changed D．attracted11．The police will need to keep a wary eye on this area of town.A．cautious B．naked C．blind D．private12．Make sure the table is securely anchored.A．repaired B．cleared C．booked D．fixed13．Come out, or I’ll bust the door down.A．shut B．break C．set D．beat14．The contract between the two companies will expire soon.A．shorten B．start C．end D．resume15．He paused, waiting for her to digest the information.A．understand B．withhold C．exchange D．contact第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是准确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
2024年职称英语考试理工类B级试题及答案
3.When do you go to Beijing?
4.I have a sore throat.
5.I’m two years younger than you.
四、1B 2A 3C 4E 5D
五、C A B C C
六、A B A A C
职称英语考试理工类B级试题及答案 2
( ) 8. How xxxxxare you ?
----- I’m 160 cm tall.
A. old B.tall C.heavy
( ) 9. My nosexxxxxx.
A. hurt B. hurts C. is hurting
( ) 10. xxxxxxis it ?
-----It’s Tuesday.
C. Swim and play basketball.
D. Play ping-pong and ride bikes.
3. Where do they fly kites ? ( )
A. Near the lake. B. In the park.
C. On the beach. D. Near the river.
听力答案：
一、C B B B C
二、B A B B C
三、× √ √ × ×
笔试部分答案：
一、 first shorter thinner teeth eye swimming has read bought does not
二、
A B C B B
C C B B A
B C B B A
三、 1.He likes listening to music.
二、选择：15分
2020职称英语考试理工B级阅读理解真题答案
2020职称英语考试理工B级阅读理解真题答案Can you hear This ?When something creates a sound wave in a room or an auditorium (礼堂)，listeners hear the sound wave directly from the source. They also hear the reflections as the sound bounces off the walls , floor ,and ceiling . These are called the reflected wave or reverberant (反射的) sound , which can be heard even after the sound is no longer coming from the source .The reverberation time of an auditorium is determined by the volume or interior size of the auditorium .It is also determined by how well or how poorly the walls , ceiling, floor , and contents of the room (including the people ) absorb sound. There is no ideal reverberation time .The full-sound performance of music such as Wagner operas or Mahler symphonies should have a long reverberation time . Thelight ,rapid musical passages of Bach or Mozart need a reverberation time somewhere between .Acoustic problems often are caused by poor auditorium design .Smooth , curved (弯曲的)reflecting surfaces create large reflections . Parallel (平行的)walls reflect sound back and forth, creating a rapid ,repetitive pulsing(有节奏的跳动)effect. Large pillars (柱)and corners can cause acoustic shadows as the sound waves try to pass around the object .Some of these problems can be solved by using absorbers and relectors to change the reverberation time of a room .For example , hanging large reflectors , called clouds , over the performers will allow some sound frequencies to reflect and others to pass yo achieve a pleasing mixture of sound.1.This Passage is mainly aboutA sound waves and their acoustic effect .B the types of music orchestras playC walls of an auditoriumD the design of an auditorium2.Wagner operas and Mahler symphonies sound fuller in an auditorium with~ 2 / 3 ~A a short reverberation timeB a long reverberation timeC an intermediate reverberation timeD no reverberation time3.This passage suggests that a good auditorium shouldA achieve a pleasing mixture of soundB get rid of all reflectionsC not have absorbers.D have smooth surfacesrge pillars and corners mayA make sound rich and fullB be cures for sound problemsC be sources of sound problems。
2020年b级英语考试真题及答案
2020年b级英语考试真题及答案2020 B-Level English Exam Questions and AnswersPart I: Reading Comprehension1. Hong Kong Disneyland Resort is the fifth Disneyland in the world. (F)2. California Adventure is located across a giant bridge from Disneyland Resort. (T)3. Disneyland plans to offer a retail area twice the size of the largest mall in the United States. (T)4. Disneyland opened in 1955 and is located in Orlando, Florida. (F)5. The Disney Magic Kingdom Resort has a lighthouse at its entrance. (F)Part II: Grammar and Vocabulary1. Choose the correct preposition to fill in the blank: The cat jumped ___ the table.A. inB. onD. underAnswer: B. on2. Choose the correctly spelled word:A. recieveB. reeceiveC. receiveD. reciveAnswer: C. receive3. Choose the word that best fits in the sentence: She ________ her family in the park last weekend.A. am seeingB. seeC. sawD. seeingAnswer: C. saw4. Choose the word that best fits in the sentence: The weather was _______ hot, so we decided to go swimming.B. soC. tooD. alsoAnswer: B. so5. Choose the word that best fits in the sentence: She plays the piano ____________.A. goodB. wellC. betterD. bestAnswer: B. wellPart III: WritingWrite an essay of at least 300 words on the topic: "The Importance of Learning a Second Language".Learning a second language is becoming increasingly important in today's globalized world. With the rise of international business, travel, and communication, being able tospeak more than one language can open up countless opportunities for individuals.First and foremost, learning a second language can greatly enhance your career prospects. Many companies now operate on a global scale and having the ability to communicate in multiple languages can make you a valuable asset to employers. Being bilingual or multilingual also allows for greater flexibility in terms of job opportunities both at home and abroad.In addition to professional benefits, learning a second language can also enrich your personal life. It opens up the possibility of connecting with people from different cultural backgrounds and gaining a deeper understanding of their perspectives and experiences. This can lead to enhanced empathy and communication skills, as well as a broader worldview.Furthermore, learning a second language has been shown to have cognitive benefits such as improved memory,problem-solving skills, and multitasking abilities. It can also delay the onset of cognitive decline in later life.In conclusion, learning a second language is not only practical but also immensely rewarding. It can provide you with new opportunities, broaden your horizons, and enrich your life inways you never thought possible. So, whether you're studying for career advancement or personal growth, taking the time to learn a second language is definitely worth it.Overall, the 2020 B-Level English exam tested students' reading comprehension, grammar, vocabulary, and writing skills. By completing the exam, students were able to demonstrate their proficiency in English and showcase their ability to communicate effectively in a second language.。
职称英语理工类B级词汇选项考试真题及答案
职称英语理工类B级词汇选项考试真题及答案第1部分：词汇选项（第1——15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1. The revelationof his past led to his resignation.A. imaginationB. disclosureC. confirmationD.recall答案为B. revelation(揭露) – disclosure(揭露)2. Jensenis a dangerous man, and can be very brutal.A. carelessB. cruelC. strongD.hard答案为B. brutal(残忍的) – cruel3. You’llhave to sprint if you want to catch the train.A. jumpB.escapeC. runD.prepare答案为C. sprint (快速奔跑) – run(奔跑)4. We areworried about this fluid situation full with uncertainty.A. changeableB. stableC. suitableD.adaptable答案为A. fluid(不稳定的) – changeable (易变的)5. Thenew garment fits her perfectly.A. haircutB.purseC. clothesD.necklace答案为C. garment(衣服) – clothes(衣服)6. Thephobia may have its root in a childhood trauma.A. fearB.joyC. hurtD.memory答案为C. trauma(精神上的创伤) – hurt (感情上的伤心或痛苦)7. Theyhave to build canals to irrigate the desert.A. decorateB. waterC. changeD.visit答案为B. irrigate(灌溉) – water(给…浇水)8. Heroverall language proficiency remains that of a toddler.A. disabledB.pupilC. teenagerD. baby答案为D. toddler(学步的儿童) – baby (婴儿)9. Thecoastal area has very mild winter, but the central plains remainextremely cold.A. warmB.severeC. hardD.dry答案为A. mild(温暖的) – warm(温暖的)10. Thedetails of the costume were totally authentic.A. realB. outstandingC. creativeD. false答案为A. authentic(逼真的) – real (逼真的)11. Weare aware of the potential problems.A. globalB. possibleC. ongoingD.central答案为B. potential(可能的)- possible(可能的)12. Theidea was quite brilliant.A. positiveB. cleverC. keyD. original答案为B. brilliant(绝妙的) – clever (聪明的)13. Stockmarket price tumbled after rumor of a rise in interest rate.A. regulatedB. increasedC. maintainedD. fell答案为C. tumbled(暴跌) –fell(下降)14. Thecourse gives you basic instructions in car maintenance.A. coachingB. ideaC. termD. aspect答案为A. instructions (指导说明)—coaching（教导）15. Allhouses within 100 metres of the seas at risk of flooding.A. in dangerB. out of controlC. between equalsD. in particular答案为A indanger of （处于危险中）— at risk of （处于风险中）。
2020年理工类B级职称英语考试真题(代码22)
2020年理工类B级职称英语考试真题（代码22）ADHD Linked to Air PollutantsChildren have an increased of attention problems,seen as early as grade school.If their noses inhaled(吸入)a certain type of air pollution when they were pregnant.That's the finding of a new study.Released when things aren't burned completely,this pollution is known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,or PAHs.The biggest sources of these PAHs：the burning of fossil fuels,wood and trash.Frederica Perera works at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health is New York City.She researches how exposure to things in the environment affects children's health in a new study,she and her team studied the exposure to air pollution of 233 nonsmoking pregnant women in New York City.Because burning tobacco can spew(排放)PAHs into the air and lungs,Perera's team focused on nonsmokers.The researchers wanted to probe(探查)other sources of PAHs,ones that's would have been hard for an individual to avoid.The team started by testing the blood of each woman during pregnancy.The reason Any PAHs in a woman's blood would also be available to the baby in her womb.Nine yearslater,the researchers investigated signs of attention problems in those children,now age 9.They asked each child's mother a series of questions.These included whatever herchild had problems doing things that needed sustained(长期的)mental effort,such as homework or games with friends.The scientists also asked if the kids had trouble following instructions or made frequent,careless mistakes.All of thesecan be symptoms of a disorder called Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder,or ADHD.About one in U.S.children has ADHD.Among the women studied,traffic and home heating were the primary sources of air pollution exposure,Perera and her team suspect.Some of these women had low levels of PAHs in their blood.Ohters had high levels.Those with high levels were five times as likely to have children who showed attention problems by age 9.The new findings were published November 5 in the journal PLOS ONE.16.Perera and her team chose nonsmoking pregnant womenall over America.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned17.The main purpose of the research was to find out how exposure to PAHs played a role in harming the subjects' physical health.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned18.Nonsmoking mothers were selected because the effect of smoking on PAHs was unclear.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned19.The blood of each woman was tested once a month during pregnancy.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned20.Kids with ADHD commonly fail in school.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned21.The women with high levels of PAHs in their blood were more likely to have kids with ADHD.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned22.Traffic and home heating were considered to be the biggest sources of PAHs for the subjects in the research.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentionedFirst Image-recognitions software1）Dartmouth researchers and their colleagues have created an artificial intelligence software that uses photos to locate documents on the Internet with far greater accuracy than ever before.2）The new system,witch was tested on photos and is now being applied to videos,shows for the first time that a machine learning algorithm（运算法则）for image recognition and retrieval is accurate and efficienti enough to improve large-scale document searches online.The system uses pixel （像素）data in images and potentially video—rather thanjust text—to locate documents.It learns to recognize the pixels associatedwith a search phrase by studying the results from text-based image search engines.The knowledge gleaned （收集）from those results can then be applied to other photos without tags or captions（图片说明），making for more accurate document search results.3）"Over the last 30 years,"says Associate Professor Korenzo Torresani,a co-author of the study,"the web has evolved from a small collection of mostly text documents to a modern,massive,fast-growing multimedia datastet,where nearly every page includes multiple pictures of videos.When a person looks at a Web page,he immediately get the gist（主旨）of it by looking at the pictures in it.Yet,sruprisingly,allexisting popular search engine,such as Google or Bing,strip away the information contained in the photos and use exclusively the text of Wed pages to perform the document retrieval.Our study is the first to show that modern machine vision systems are accurate and efficient enough to make effective use of the information contained in image pixels to improve document search"4）The researchers designed and tested a machine vision system—a type of artificialintelligence that allows computers to learn without being explicitly programmed—that extracts semantic（语义的）information from pixels of photos in Web pages.This informationg is used to enrich the description of the HTML page used by search engines for document retrieval.The researchers tested their approach using more than 600 search queries（查询）on a database of 50 million Wed pages.They selected the text-retrieval search engine with the best performance and modified it to make use of the additional semantic information extracted by their method from the pictures of the Web pages.They found tht this produced a 30 percent improvement in precision over the original search engine purely based on text.23.Paragraph 1 _____24.Paragraph 2 _____25.Paragraph 3 _____26.Paragraph 4 _____A.Popularity of the new systemB.Publication of the new discoveryC.Function of the new systemD.Artificial intelligence software createdE.Problems of the existing search enginesF.Improvementi in document retrieval27.The new system does document retrieval by _____.28.The new system is expected to improve precision in_____.29.When performing document retrieval the existing search engines ignore _____.30.The new system was found more effective in document search than the _____.rmation in imagesB.current popular search enginesing photosD.machine vision systemsE.document searchF.description of the HTML pageDangers await babies with altitudeWomen who live in the world's highest communities tend to give birth to under-weight babies,a new study suggests.These babies may grow into adults with a high risk of heart disease and strokes.Research has hinted that newborns in mountain communities are lighter than average.But it wasn't clear whether this is due to reduced oxygen levels at high altitude or becausetheir mothers are under-nourished—many people who live at high altitudes are relatively poor compared with those living lower down.To find out more,Dino Giussani and his team at Cambridge University studied the records of 400 births in Boliviaduring 1976 and 1998.The babies were born in both rich and poor areas of two cities： La Paz and Santa Cruz.L Paz is the highest city in the world,at 3.65 kilometers above sealevel,while Santa Cruz is much lower,at 0.44 kilometers.Sure enough,Giussani found that the average birthweight of babies in La Paz was significantly lower than in Santa Cruz.This was true in both high and low-income families.Even babies born to poor families in Santa Cruz were heavier on average than babies born to wealthy families in lofty La Paz."We were very surprised by this result，"says Giussani.The results suggest that babies born at high altitude are deprived of oxygen before birth."This may trigger the release or suppression of hormones that regulate growth of the unborn child，"says Giussani.His team also found that high-altitude babies tended to have relatively larger heads compared with their bodies.This is probably because a fetus starved of oxygen will send oxygenated blood to the brain in preference to rest of the body.Giussani wants to find out if such babies have a higher risk of disease in later life.People born in La Paz might be prone to heart trouble in adulthood,for example.Low birthweight is a risk factor for coronary（冠状的） heart disease.And newborns with a high ratio of head size to body weight are often predisposed to high blood pressure and strokes in later life.Why Buy Shade-Grown Coffee?When people argue about whether coffee is good for health,they're usually thinking of the health of the coffee drinker.Is it food for your heart? Does it increase blood pressure? Does it help you concentrate? However,coffeeaffects the health of the human population in other ways,too.Traditionally,coffee bushes were planted under the canopy （树冠）of taller indigenous（土生土长的）trees.However,more and more farmers in Latin America are deforesting the land to grow full-sun coffees.At first,this increases production because more coffee bushes can be planted if there aren't any trees.With increased production come increased profits.Unfortunately,deforesting for coffee production immediately decreases local-wildlife habitat.Native birdsnest and hide from predators（捕食者）in the tall trees and migrating birds rest there.Furthermore,in the long term,the full-sun method also damages the ecosystem because more chemical fertilizers and pesticides are needed to grow the coffee.The fertilizers and pesticides kill insects that eat coffee plant,but then the birds eat the poisoned insects and also die.The chemicalskill or sicken other animals as well,and can even enter the water that people will eventually drink.Fortunately,farmers in Central and South America are beginning to grow more coffee bushes in the shade.We can support these farmers by buying coffee with such labels as "shade grown"and "bird friendly."Sure,these varieties might cost a little more.But we're paying for the health of the birds,the land,ourselves,and the planet.I think it's worth it.More Rural Research is NeededAgricultural research funding is vital if the world is to feed itself better than it does now.Dr.Tony Fischer,crop scientist,said demand was growing at 2.5% per year but with modern technologies and the development of new ones,the world should be able to stay ahead."The global decline in investment in international agricultural research must be reversed if significant progress is to be made towards reducing malnutrition（营养不良）and poverty."he said.Research is needed to solve food production,land degradation（贫瘠化）and environmental problems.Secure local food supplies led to economic growth which is turn,slowed population growth.Dr.Fischer painted a picture of the world's ability to feed itself in the first 25 years,when the world's population is expected to rise from 5 X to X billionpeople.He said that things will probably hold or improve but there'll still be a lot of hungry people.The biggest concentration of poor and hungry people would be in sub-Saharan Africa and southern Asia in 2020,similar to the currenti pattern.If there is any change,a slighe improvement will be seen in southern Asia,but not in sub-SaharanAfrica.The major improvement will be in East Asia,South America and South-East Asia.The debeloping world was investing about 0.5%,or $8billion a year,of its agricultural gross domestic product （GDP）on research and developed world was spending 2.5% of its GDP.Dr.Fischer said more was needed from all countries.He said crop research could produce technologies that spread across many countries,such as wheat productionresearch having spin-offs（有用的副产品）for Mexico,China or India."Technologies still need to be refined for the local conditions but a lot of the strategic research can haveglobal application,so that money can be used very efficiently."Dr.Fischer said.Yields of rice,wheat ad maize（玉米）have grown impressively in the past 30 years,especially in developing countries.For example,maize production rose from 2 to 8tonnes per hectare between 1950 and 1995.But technologies driving this growth such as high-yieldvarieties,fertilizers,and irrigation,were becoming exhausted."If you want to save the land for non-agricultural activities,for forests and wildlife,you're going to have to increase yield."Dr.Fischer said.Saving a City's Public ArtAvoiding traffic jams in Los Angeles may beimpossible,but the city's colorful freeway murals（壁画）can brighten even the worst commute.Paintings that depict（描述）famous people and historical scenes cover office buildingsand freeway walls all across the city.With a collection of more than 2，000 murals,Los Angeles is the unofficial mural capital of the world.But the combination of graffiti（涂鸦）,pollution,and hot sun has left many L.A.murals in terrible condition._____（46）In the past,experts say,little attention was given to caringfor public art.Artists were even expected to maintain their own works,not an easy task with cars racing by along the freeway._____（47）The work started in 2003.So far,16 walls have been selected,and more may be added later.Until about 1960,public murals in Los Angeles wererare.But in the 1960s and 1970s,young L.A.artists began to study early 20th-century Mexican mural painting._____（48）The most famous mural in the city is Judith Baca's "The Great Wall,"a 13-foot-high（4-meter-high）painting that runs for half a mile （0.8 kilometer） in North Hollywood，_____（49）it took eight years to complete—400 underprivileged teenagers painted the designs—and is probably the longest mural in the world.One of the murals that will be restored now is Kent Twitchell's "Seventh Street Altarpiece."which he painted for the Los Angeles Olympics in 1984._____ （50）Twitchell said,"It was meant as a kind of gateway through which the traveler to L.A.must drive.The open hands represent peace.”Artists often call murals the people's art.Along a busy freeway or hidden in a quiet neighborhood,murals can reach people who would never pay money to see fine art in a museum,"Murals give a voice to the silent majority，"said one artist.A.The mural represents the history of ethnic groups in California.B.Artists like murals because they like the work of Mexican artists.C.The city trying to stop the spread of graffiti,has painted over some of the murals complete.D.Soon,their murals became a symbol of the city'scultural expressions and a showcase for L.A.'s cultural diversity.E.This striking work depicts two people facing each other on opposite sides of the freeway near downtown Los Angeles.F.Now the city is beginning a huge project to restore the city's murals.I'll Be BachComposer David Cope is the inventor of a computer program that writes original works of classical music.It took Cope 30 years to develop the software.Now most people can't_____(51)the difference between music by the famous German composer J.S.Bach (1685-1750) and the Bach-like compositions from Cope's computer.It all started in 1980 in the United States,when Cope was trying to write an opera.He was having _____(52)thinking of new melodies,so he wrote a computer program to create the melodies.At first this music was not_____(53)to listento.What did Cope do? He began to rethink how human beings compose music.He realized that composers,brains_____(54)like big databases.First,they take in all the music that they have ever heard.Then they take_____(55)the music that they dislike.Finally,they make new music from whatis_____(56).According to Cope,only the great composers are able to create the database accurately,remember it,and form new musical patterns from it.Cope built a_____(57)database of existing music.He began with hundreds of works by Bach.The software analyzed the dataa_____(58)it down into smaller pieces and looked for patterns.It then combined the_____(59)into newpatterns.Before long,the program could compose short Bach-like works.They weren'tgood,but it was a start.Cope knew he had more work to do-he had a whole opera to write.He continued to improve the software.Soon itcould_____(60)more complex music.He also added many other composers,including his own workto the database.A few years later,Cope's computer program,called "Emmy",was ready to help him with hisopera.The_____(61)required a lot of collaboration between the composer and Emmy.Cope listened to the computer's musical ideas and used the_____(62)that he liked.With Emmy,the opera took only two weeks to finish.It was called CradleFalling,and it was a great_____(63)! Cope received some of the best reviews of his career,but no one knewexactly_____(64)he had composed the work.Since that first opera,Emmy has written thousands of compositions.Cope still gives Emmy feedback on what he likes and doesn't like of her music,_____(65)she is doing most of the hard work of composing these days!51._____A.MakeC.TakeD.understand52._____A.troubleB.timeC.fearD.pleasure53._____A.LoudB.peacefulC.classicD.easy54._____A.FeelB.lookC.soundD.work55._____A.inB.atD.out56._____A.addedB.leftC.createdD.released57._____A.SmallB.hugeC.SimpleD.colorful58._____A.cutB.dropC.brokeD.turned59._____A.partsB.programsC.ideasD.pieces60._____A.playB.hearC.collectD.analyze61._____A.stageB.processC.periodD.application62._____A.onesB.casesC.othersD.sides63._____A.lossB.endC.successD.rush64_____A.whenB.howC.whatD.why65._____A.butB.untilC.soD.because。
2020职称英语理工B真题及答案：阅读判断(文字版)
2020职称英语理工B真题及答案：阅读判断(文字版)第2部分：阅读判断（第16——22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是准确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
The Theory of EverythingIf Stephen Hawking lives until the year2020, he will have lived more than 50 years longer than Ns doctors expected. When he was a college student, doctors discovered that he had arare disease. This disease causes a gradualdisintegration(分解)of the nerve cells in the braincells that regulate voluntary muscle activity. Death almost always occurswithin two or three years.Today Stephen Hawking cannot walk or speak.He cannot move his arms or his head. He can not taste of smell anything. Andyet this man is Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University, a positionheld by the famous scientist Isaac Newton in 1669.Hawking Is often described as the greatestscientist since Albert Einstein, but to the world outside science. He isalso known as the man who made scientific theory understandable. His book, A Brief History of Time, has sold overeight million copies.He says that since he does not have tothink about his body or do any of the things other men have to worryabout,such as washing the car or working in the yard, he can dedicate all of his timeto thinking. This puts him in theperfect positionto find the answer to the question that he has dedicated his life to. Hisquestion is： Is there a complete theory of the universe and everything in it?Despite his tremendous physicaldisabilities, he has already made some very important discoveries about theorigin of the universe, how the universe holds together, and how it willprobably end. He has also been able to explain the secrets of “black holes”inspace. Now he is looking for a set of rules that everything in our universemust obey. He calls it the Theory of Everything. He thinks that someone willhave found the answer within the next 20 years.If Stephen Hawking it able to find hisTheory of Everything, he will have given the world the opportunity tounderstand things that will change the whole nature of science and probablyalso the way we live.16. StephenHawking will be 50 years old by 2020.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned答案为B;17. StephenHawking suffers from a rare brain disease.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned答案为B;18. StephenHawking is Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University.A.RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned答案为A；19. A Brief History of Time is verydifficult for students to understand.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned答案为B;20. StephenHawking has much time to think because he doesn't have to work.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned答案为B;21. StephenHawking has spent around ten years explaining the secrets of……….A. RightB.WrongC. Not mentioned答案为： C.22. TheTheory of Everything Is about the rules that everything in our……… follow.A.RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned答案为A。
2020年职称英语理工类B级阅读判断专项测试及答案解析
2020年职称英语理工类B级阅读判断专项测试及答案解析第一篇Dining CustomEvery land has its own dining custom, and the UnitedStates is no exception. Americans feel that the first rule of being a polite guest is to be on time. Ifa person is invitedto dinner at 6：30, the hostess expects him to be there at 6：30 or not more than a few minutes after. Because she usually does her own cooking, she times the meal so that the coffee and meat will be at their best at the time she asks the guest to come. If he is late, the food will not be so good, and the hostess will be disappointed. When the guest can not come on time, he calls his host or hostess on the telephone,gives the reason, and tells at what time he thinks he can come.As guests continue to arrive, the men in the group stand when a woman enters and remain standing until she found a chair. A man always rises when he is being introduced to a woman. A woman does not rise when she is being introduced either to a man or a woman unless the woman is much older.When the guests sit down at a dinner table, it is customary for the men to help the ladies by pushing their chairs under them.Even an American may be confused by the number of knives, forks, and spoons besides his plate when he sits down to a formal dinner. The rule is simple, however： use them in theorder in which they lie, beginning from the outside, or watch the hostess and do what she does. The small fork on the outside on the left is for salad, which is often served with the soup. The spoon on butter spreader, on a small bread-and-butter plate at the left. As the bread is passed, each guest puts hispiece on the bread-and-butter plate.1. As a country of immigrants, the U.S. does not have its own dinning customs.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned2. The guest is expected to arrive on time because the coffee and meat will be at their best at the time he is required to come.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned3. A woman usually rises when she is being introduced to an aged gentleman.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned4. At a dinner table, it is customary for the men to arrange chairs for ladies.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned5. At formal American dinner, the knives, forks, and spoons besides the plate are placed in a certain order.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned6. The right order to use the knives, forks and spoons ata formal dinner is from the left to the right.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned7. At a formal dinner, bread is usually served together with salad and soup.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned第二篇Computer Mouse。