外文文献
如何查找外文文献
如何查找外文文献
查找外文文献是学术研究的重要环节之一，以下将介绍如何进行外文文献检索和查找的方法。
一、了解文献检索工具
1. 学术引擎：如Google学术、PubMed、Microsoft Academic等。
这些引擎提供了全球范围内的学术出版物，包括期刊文章、学位论文、会议论文等。
2. 文献数据库：如Web of Science、Scopus、IEEE Xplore、ScienceDirect等。
这些数据库提供了大量的学术出版物，并且可以进行更加精确和专业的文献检索。
3.图书馆索引和目录：如大学图书馆的在线目录、OPAC等。
图书馆的资源丰富，通常也有电子文献资源，可以通过图书馆网站进行检索。
二、选择合适的检索词和检索策略
1.检索词的选择：根据研究主题，选择合适的关键词进行检索。
关键词应与所研究的领域相关，可以包括专业术语、主题词、人名、地名等。
2.组合使用检索词：不同的检索词可以组合使用，使用布尔运算符（如AND、OR、NOT）构建逻辑关系，缩小或扩大检索范围，以获得更加精确的检索结果。
三、进行文献检索和筛选
1.首先选择一个合适的文献数据库或引擎，输入相关的检索词。
3.阅读和筛选文献全文，如果文献符合研究需求，可以进一步收集相
关的引用文献。
1.引文索引：在已经找到的高质量文献中，查找其中引用的其他文献。
通过查阅引文索引，可以找到相关的后续研究或者经典文献。
五、利用文献管理工具。
外文参考文献译文及原文【范本模板】
广东工业大学华立学院本科毕业设计（论文）外文参考文献译文及原文系部城建学部专业土木工程年级 2011级班级名称 11土木工程9班学号 23031109000学生姓名刘林指导教师卢集富2015 年5 月目录一、项目成本管理与控制 0二、Project Budget Monitor and Control (1)三、施工阶段承包商在控制施工成本方面所扮演的作用 (2)四、The Contractor’s Role in Building Cost Reduction After Design (4)一、外文文献译文（1）项目成本管理与控制随着市场竞争的激烈性越来越大,在每一个项目中，进行成本控制越发重要。
本文论述了在施工阶段,项目经理如何成功地控制项目预算成本。
本文讨论了很多方法。
它表明，要取得成功，项目经理必须关注这些成功的方法.1。
简介调查显示,大多数项目会碰到超出预算的问……功控制预算成本.2.项目控制和监测的概念和目的Erel and Raz (2000）指出项目控制周期包括测量成……原因以及决定纠偏措施并采取行动。
监控的目的就是纠偏措施的。
.。
标范围内。
3.建立一个有效的控制体系为了实现预算成本的目标，项目管理者需要建立一……被监测和控制是非常有帮助的。
项目成功与良好的沟通密。
决（ Diallo and Thuillier， 2005）.4.成本费用的检测和控制4.1对检测的优先顺序进行排序在施工阶段，很多施工活动是基于原来的计……用完了。
第四,项目管理者应该检测高风险活动，高风险活动最有。
..重要（Cotterell and Hughes, 1995)。
4.2成本控制的方法一个项目的主要费用包括员工成本、材料成本以及工期延误的成本。
为了控制这些成本费用，项目管理者首先应该建立一个成本控制系统：a)为财务数据的管理和分析工作落实责任人员b)确保按照项目的结构来合理分配所有的……它的变化-—在成本控制线上准确地记录所有恰..。
外文参考文献及翻译稿的要求与格式
百度文库- 让每个人平等地提升自我！外文参考文献及翻译稿的要求及格式一、外文参考文献的要求1、外文原稿应与本研究项目接近或相关联；2、外文原稿可选择相关文章或节选章节，正文字数不少于1500字。
3、格式：外文文献左上角标注“外文参考资料”字样，小四宋体。
1.5倍行距。
标题：三号，Times New Roman字体加粗，居中，行距1.5倍。
段前段后空一行。
作者（居中）及正文：小四号，Times New Roman字体，首行空2字符。
4、A4纸统一打印。
二、中文翻译稿1、中文翻译稿要与外文文献匹配，翻译要正确；2、中文翻译稿另起一页；3、格式：左上角标“中文译文”，小四宋体。
标题：宋体三号加粗居中，行距1.5倍。
段前、段后空一行。
作者（居中）及正文：小四号宋体，数字等Times New Roman字体，1.5倍行距，首行空2字符。
正文字数1500左右。
4、A4纸统一打印。
格式范例如后所示。
百度文库 - 让每个人平等地提升自我！外文参考文献Implementation of internal controls of small andmedium-sized pow erStephen Ryan The enterprise internal control carries out the strength to refer to the enterprise internal control system execution ability and dynamics, it is the one whole set behavior and the technical system, is unique competitive advantage which the enterprise has; Is a series of …………………………标题：三号，Times New Roman字体加粗，居中，行距1.5倍。
外文文献 研究方法
外文文献研究方法
外文文献研究方法主要包括以下几种：
1. 文献回顾：这是外文文献研究的基础，主要是通过查阅大量的文献资料，了解相关领域的研究现状、研究问题、研究方法和研究成果等，为进一步的研究提供参考和依据。
2. 内容分析法：通过对文献内容进行系统分析和比较，探究文献中主题、观点、理论框架等方面的异同点，从而得出一定的结论。
3. 引文分析法：通过分析文献中的引文，了解文献之间的内在联系和知识结构，从而判断研究领域的发展趋势和研究动态。
4. 历史研究法：通过对相关历史资料的研究和分析，了解研究领域的背景和发展历程，从而更好地理解当前研究现状和未来发展方向。
5. 案例分析法：通过对具体案例的研究和分析，探究案例中存在的问题、解决方案和经验教训等，从而得出一般性的结论或提出相应的建议。
6. 问卷调查法：通过发放问卷的方式，了解相关人群对外文文献的认知程度、使用情况、评价和建议等方面的信息，从而为进一步的研究提供数据支持。
7. 比较分析法：通过对不同文献或同一文献的不同方面进行比较和分析，探究它们之间的异同点和优劣之处，从而更好地理解研究领域的特点和发展趋势。
以上是外文文献研究方法的主要内容，不同的研究方法各有优劣，应根据具体的研究需求和实际情况选择合适的方法。
外文参考文献
[1]G. Einsele a, SK. Chough b, T. Shiki，1996. Depositional events and their records-an introduction[J].Sedimentary Geology, 104：l-9.[2]Kauffman E.G.,Elder W.P. and Sageman B.B..High-resolution correlation: a new tool in chronostratigraphy. In: Einsele et al. (Editor), Cycle and Events in Stratigraphy. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, 1991,798-819.[3]Bruce C. Heezen, D.B. Ericson, Maurice Ewing.Further evidence for a turbidity current following the 1929 Grand banks earthquake[J].Deep Sea Search.1954,1(4):193-202.[4]Cita and Lucchi.Marine Geology[J].Seismicity and sedimentation.1984, 55(1-2):VII–X.[5]Frank R Ettensohn,Carlton E Brett. Stratigraphic evidence from the Appalachian Basin for continuation of the Taconian orogeny into Early Silurian time[J]. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth.2002,27(1): 279-288.[6]Fabrizio Storti, Paola Vannucchi.Preface[J].Sedimentary Geology.2007,196(1-4):1-3.[7]R. Bernhart Owen;Robin W. Renaut and Michael G. te Miocene lacustrine sedimentation in the Mytilinii Basin, Samos Island, Greece[J].Journal of Paleolimnology.2011,46(1):151-166.[8]DengWeidong, YangBaoguo, WuXiaogen. 1997. Studies of storm deposits in China:a review. Continental Shelf Research, 17(13): 1645-1658.[9]H.N. Bhattacharya, Biplab Bhattacharya, Indranil Chakraborty, Abhijit Chakraborty.Sole marks in storm event beds in the Permo-Carboniferous Talchir Formation, Raniganj Basin, India[J].Sedimentary Geology.2004, 166(3-4):209–222. [10]Shu Degan , Conway Morris S , Zhang Xingliang .A Pikaialike chordate from the Lower Cambrian of China[J]. Nature.1996a,384 : 156 -157.[10]Shu Degan, Conway Morris S, Zhang Xingliang, et al.. A pipiscid-like fossil from the Lower Cambrian of South China[J]. Nature, 1999a,400: 746 -749.[11]Becker L, Poreda R J, Hunt A G, et al . . Impact event at the Permian-Triassicboundary: Evidence from extraterrestrial noble gases in fullerenes[J]. Science, 2001, 291 (5508): 1530-1533.[12]Bambach R K. . Phanerozoic biodiversity mass extinctions[J]. Annu Rev Earth Planet Sci..2006, 34: 127-155.[13]Alvarez L W, Alvarez W, Asaro F, et al.. Extraterrestrial Cause for the Cretaceous-Tertiary Extinction[J]. Science.1980,208: 1095-1108.[14]Wolfgang Stinnesbeck, Gerta Keller, Peter Schulte, Doris Stüben, Zsolt Berner, Utz Kramar, JoséGuadalupe Lopez-Oliva.The Cretaceous–Tertiary (K/T) boundary transition at Coxquihui, state of Veracruz, Mexico: evidence for an early Danian impact event?[J]Journal of South American Earth Sciences .2002,15 (5) :497–509. [15]S. J. Nichols and S. G. Hagemann[16]P. Farrimond, G. Eglinton, S.C. Brassell, H.C. Jenkyns.The Toarcian black shale event in northern Italy[J].Organic Geochemistry.1988,13(4-6):823-832.[17]Röhl, Hans-Joachim;Schmid-Röhl, Annette;Oschmann, Wolfgang;Frimmel, Andreas.Erratum to “The Posidonia Shale (Lower Toarcian) of SW-Germany: an oxygen-depleted ecosystem controlled by sea level and palaeoclimate”[J].Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology.2001,169(3-4):271.[18]Anthony S. Cohen;Angela L. Coe and David B. Kemp.The Late Palaeocene–Early Eocene and Toarcian (Early Jurassic) carbon isotope excursions: a comparison of their time scales, associated environmental changes, causes and consequences[J].Journal of the Geological Society.2007,164(6):1093-1108.[19]Bryony A. Caswell;Angela L. Coe;Anthony S. Cohen.New range data for marine invertebrate species across the early Toarcian (Early Jurassic) mass extinction[J].Journal of the Geological Society.2009,166(5):859-872.[20]Mattioli[21]Suan[22]Hoffman P F, Li Zhengxiang. A palaeogeographic context for Neoproterozoic glaciation[J]. Palaeogeogrpahy.2009,277: 158-172.[23Ramzi Gharsalli, Taher Zouaghi, Mohamed Soussi, Riadh Chebbi, Sami Khomsi, Mourad Bédir.Seismic sequence stratigraphy of Miocene deposits related to eustatic,tectonic and climatic events, Cap Bon Peninsula, northeastern Tunisia[J].Comptes Rendus Geoscience.2013,345(9-10):401-417.[24]Yuzhu Zhang;Chun Chang Huang;Jiangli Pang;Xiaochun Zha;Yali Zhou;Xiaqing Wang.Holocene palaeoflood events recorded by slackwater deposits along the middle Beiluohe River valley, middle Yellow River basin, China[J].Boreas.2015,44(1):127-138.[25]Keim[26]Hornung[27]David Z. Piper.Rare earth elements in the sedimentary cycle: A summary[J].Chemical Geology.1974,14(4):285-304.[28]Mclennan S M. 1989. Rare earth elements in sedimentary rocks: influence of provenance and sedimentary processes. In: Lipin B R, Mckay G R, eds. Geochemistry and mineralogy of rare earth elements. Reviews in Mineralogy, 21: 169-200.[29]Mclennan S M, Hemming S, McDanial D K, et al.. Geochemical approaches to sedimentation, provenance, and tectonics[J]. Geological Society of American Special Paper.1993,284: 21-40.[30]Bhatia M R..Plate tectonics and geochemical composition of sandstones[J].Journal of Geology, 1991,91:611-629.。
外文文献及翻译
外文文献及翻译1. 文献："The Effects of Exercise on Mental Health"翻译：运动对心理健康的影响Abstract: This article explores the effects of exercise on mental health. The author discusses various studies that have been conducted on this topic, and presents evidence to support the claim that exercise can have positive impacts on mental well-being. The article also examines the mechanisms through which exercise affects mental health, such as the release of endorphins and the reduction of stress hormones. Overall, the author concludes that exercise is an effective strategy for improving mental health and recommends incorporating physical activity into daily routines.摘要：本文探讨了运动对心理健康的影响。
作者讨论了在这个主题上进行的各种研究，并提出证据支持运动对心理健康有积极影响的观点。
该文章还探讨了运动如何影响心理健康的机制，如内啡肽的释放和压力激素的减少。
总的来说，作者得出结论，运动是改善心理健康的有效策略，并建议将体育活动纳入日常生活。
2. 文献： "The Benefits of Bilingualism"翻译：双语能力的好处Abstract: This paper examines the benefits of bilingualism. The author presents research findings that demonstrate the cognitiveadvantages of being bilingual, such as enhanced problem-solving skills and improved attention control. The article also explores the social and cultural benefits of bilingualism, such as increased cultural awareness and the ability to communicate with people from different backgrounds. Additionally, the author discusses the positive effects of bilingualism on mental health, highlighting its role in delaying the onset of cognitive decline and in providing a buffer against age-related memory loss. Overall, the author concludes that bilingualism offers a range of advantages and recommends promoting bilingual education and language learning. 摘要：本文研究了双语能力的好处。
外文文献格式
外文文献格式
外文文献的格式通常遵循国际通用的学术写作规范，常见的格式包括APA （American Psychological Association）、MLA（Modern Language Association）、Chicago等。
APA格式（社会科学领域常用）：
作者姓氏, 作者名字的缩写. (发表年份). 文献标题. 期刊名, 期刊号(期数), 页码.
例如：
Smith, J. A., & Johnson, L. (2002). The impact of climate change on agriculture. Journal of Environmental Studies, 15(2), 123-145.
MLA格式（人文学科领域常用）：
作者名字, 作者姓氏. "文献标题." 期刊名, vol.号, no.号, 发表年份, 页码. 例如：
Doe, John. "The Role of Symbolism in Literature." Literary Journal, vol. 28, no. 3, 2016, pp. 45-60.
Chicago格式（常见于历史、艺术等领域）：
作者名字, 作者姓氏. "文献标题." 期刊名, vol.号, 发表年份, 页码.
例如：
Johnson, Lisa. "Artistic Movements in the 20th Century." Art History Journal, vol. 15, 2008, pp. 89-102.。
外文文献查找方法及翻译要求
文献查找：根据自己课题到知网或类似的数据库网站查找，有相关英文文章可以进行下载之后翻译。
如果不能下载，网站的中英文摘要一般都可以看到，根据英文关键词到谷歌搜索里面搜相关的英文文章。
要求的翻译原文不一定是专业的科技文章，只要内容相关，难度跟篇幅合适都可以拿来用。
如果想翻译专业的英文文献，可以通过谷歌的学术搜索网站/schhp?hl=zh-CN，给出的链接比较多，多数是链接到数据库上，没有账号不能下载，但是有些时候搜索出来的条目会有PDF链接，直接点击就能下载下来。
还可以通过维基百科查找相关词条的英文解释，/wiki/Main_Page，但无论英文还是中文都要符合模板中的格式要求，如果英文原文不能编辑，可以不作处理。
英译中：翻译一段检查一段，中文语言一定要通顺，不要有漏译。
不知道的单词一定要查，不要猜。
另一个是，同一个单词在文章里多次出现，每次翻译的时候都要用同样的单词翻译，不能原文同一个单词，在译文里出现的时候是不同的单词。
格式和原文要完全一样，原文有表格，就在译文里也画表格，原文是图片，译文也是图片，原文图片里文字的位置和译文图片里文字的位置要一致。
还有，整个文章统一字体。
查词顺序：先查英语国语字典或者用GOOGLE英文网页，理解英文单词的意思，然后用翻译软件英译中翻译，用翻译软件翻译出来的中文单词，用百度查中文单词的意思，如果查到的中文单词的意思和英语国语字典或者用GOOGLE英文网页的英文单词的解释是一致，翻译软件翻译的是正确的，如果不一致，翻译软件翻译的是错的！翻译工具：1) 在线词典有道词典：/爱词霸：/responsibly/用爱词霸的词典选项。
注：以上两个在线词典的准确率相对较高，可用于查词组译法，灵格斯字典，360上下载，到软件管家里找就可以，这里技术类名词多一些。
爱词霸英中互译翻译软件：/尽量不使用GOOGLE翻译软件。
可参考：GOOGLE翻译软件: /#ja|zh-CN|%0D%0A GOOGLE翻译软件总有翻译错的时候，所以，用GOOGLE翻译软件要注意！牛津字典，或者英语国语词典，灵格斯字典下载一个，自己下载一个吧！注意！！必须有英语国语词典，网上的！。
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译文：互联网货币基金对商业银行经营的影响巴塞尔本文运用了商业银行经营管理理论和资本资产定价模型，分析了互联网货币基金的金融产品属性、特点和优势，并分别就互联网货币基金的第三方支付功能和代销基金功能影响商业银行的经营情况和效果进行了定性分析。
在此基础上，本文对互联网货币基金影响银行绩效又进行了定量研究。
上述研究表明：互联网货币基金不仅对商业银行同类型的理财产品造成了冲击，还对商业银行的支付业务、存款业务、中间业务产生了替代效应，进而影响到银行的经营绩效。
1互联网货币基金概述1.1 互联网货币基金的概念互联网货币基金是第三方支付与货币市场基金在互联网平台融合的产物，兼备第三方支付平台的流动性、货币市场基金的收益性以及互联网金融产品的便利性。
虽然说单纯的货币市场基金并非互联网金融的产物；但是其在与互联网技术、第三方支付平台融合后，改变了原有金融产品在流动性、安全性和收益率三者的平衡点，颠覆了传统金融产品格局。
值得注意的是，简单的互联网代销货币基金模式可以为基金销售提供便利，但是并不能改变货币市场基金作为一款基金产品在流动性方面的限制，只是在其对接第三方支付平台实现了T+0赎回后，其产品属性才得到了本质的提升。
互联网货币基金之所以能超越其他基金产品，进而在金融产品属性上产生质的飞越，离不开第三方支付平台的高速发展、迅速普及。
第三方支付是通过互联网在客户、第三方支付公司和银行之间建立链接，帮助客户快速实现货币支付、资金结算等功能，同时也起到了信用担保和技术保障等作用。
来自艾瑞咨询的数据显示，2013年度，我国第三方互联网支付市场交易规模达53729.8亿元，同比增速达46.8%；同时，在其内部结构占比中，互联网金融元年爆发的基金申购市场也一跃成为仅次于网络购物和航空客票的第三大细分市场，占比为10.5%。
据此测算，2013年通过第三方互联网支付申购货币基金的规模约为5641.63亿元。
1.2 互联网货币基金的现状在本文中，我们将讨论通过互联网销售，货币市场基金的联合第三方支付平台，互联网尤其是货币基金。
虽然是新概念诞生后出现的宝物的平衡，但这种新的金融产品已经取得了让人惊诧，高速的发展。
为了平衡宝等。
因为它引入了2 013年6月13日，业务发展迅速。
截至2014年2月的月底，余额宝规模已达到502.76十亿人民币，1.926十亿元左右的平均每天增加;用户达到82547700的8 2547700 households.Increased平均每天增长更为迅速，2014年，2014年1月1日至2014年2月28日，平均每天新增用户664800，日均新的金额为5.119十亿人民币，分别在2013的2.1倍和4.6倍，而作为大多数用户来说，最大的基金产品的平均增幅。
这是因为在一个高速发展的时期互联网货币型基金，每季度都有新产品，很难在数量和规模的综合统计，所以在这里我们主要分析天平宝，百度百赚，微信金融网易，现金与苏宁变革宝宝五大互联网货币基金产品。
五个主要的货币基金，互联网是在2013年第一季度末到2014年，推出的时间不长。
与资金对接是顶级大牌基金公司特别设计的产品。
到2014年第一季度末，超过五个主要的互联网货币型基金总规模（净值）为772.661十亿人民币，升至527. 349十亿人民币，增长了214.97％，每个季度保持高的超过了100％高速增长（见图表1）。
虽然上述五个主要的互联网货币资金对接仅有7只货币市场基金，但大小比例高达所有货币市场基金的53％。
表1显示了预期收益的平均上网货币资金超过5％，但第一种情况后，已经降低：在2013年底达到了高，平均预期年收益率6.81％，比同类理财产品高得多。
这主要是由于货币基金的资产配置比例，网上银行协议存款非常高，但在赛季结束后，在检查点的商业银行年底，协议存款利率会增加很多（据调查，在利率的一些关键点，一些银行甚至在7％以上）的报价;在检查点，因为Internet 货币资金规模，处于一个更好的位置与商业银行进行谈判，一些缺乏小型和中型银行的资金必须给提供高利率。
1.3互联网货币型基金的特点银行理财产品是指各种载体的融资过程。
同时依托货币资金在互联网上的互联网工具，具有第三方支付的功能，但其本质仍是一种金融产品。
从投资者的角度来看，理财产品的未来收益是其最重要的一个属性，并根据资本资产定价模型（资本资产PRICINGMODEL，CAPM），理财产品的预期收益率不是孤立的，而是与它的预期风险。
因为有金融产品和优质长期保费和规模因素的影响，一般长的投资期限，风险，高门槛，高收益产品的估值风险溢价。
我们试图更广阔的视野，因此，考虑到金融产品和投资，风险收益的基础上，门槛和投资目标相关的时间限制，将互联网货币基金作为短期理财产品，以及具有相似功能的活期存款和短期流动性，金融产品的风险和收益，购房门槛比较一般的居民，总结其特点。
与第三方支付工具的对接，流动性强的金融产品流动性是指无损失现金的能力。
银行活期存款无疑是最强的三个流动性;而理财产品通常投资期限已同意（大部分的金融产品投资期限为3-6个月，甚至超短期理财产品期限为3-7天），在这段时间购买基金后不能被调出。
高流动性的互联网货币型基金是其重要特征之一。
互联网货币基金本质上是金融产品的货币市场基金的开放对接，并打开一个货币市场基金可以随时申购和赎回，但通常是赎回操作后，需要T（T）+ 2，+ 1或金钱返回银行账户。
通过第三方平台或垫资基金公司网上垫资货币型基金，可以实现对赎回款项当天给客户张某T + 0.That是说，上没有利息损失的前提下，实现了客户资金转移该基金，即实时支付宝账户，而这又是用来随时转移到银行刷卡消费或网上赎回，使其接近银行流动性的活期存款，并高于多数instruments.Balance宝为例，该产品是通过客户赎回垫资基金公司实现资本的功能可以在同一天到账T + 0。
2商业银行业务的互联网货币型基金的影响货币资金的银行互联网上的影响力反映在第三方支付和对应于银行支付货币资金，资产和负债的佣金两大功能，以及中间业务的影响，等等。
2.1商业银行经营管理的传导分析的互联网第三方支付功能的货币基金传统的薪酬是指资金的转移。
支付功能是银行业的基础，也是现代经济活动普遍的基本需求的个人和企业不可缺少的一部分。
金融业，尤其是在竞争日益激烈的今天，支付业务为商业银行带来的不仅是丰富的中间业务收入，也可以吸引客户，提高客户粘性，提高金融服务的整体水平。
其结果是，银行的重要性是不言而喻的。
付款与帐户紧密结合，帐户是工资和归属感的起点。
在传统的支付业务，从银行账户到另一个银行账户的钱。
这种支付行为只会导致不同的银行账户之间的资金转移。
而第三方支付的时候到来，在以下两种模式影响银行的支付业务：一个是在考虑到第三方支付平台的平衡形式的钱（以下简称“托管账户”），银行账户支付账户纳入第三方支付业务的一部分。
在这种情况下，使用托管账户支付客户端，使部分支付到资金的第三方账户之间流动，从而取代银行账户之间的流动，以减少银行的薪酬JieSuanLiang;它是在银行账户的情况下平衡形式的资本，大部分通过第三方平台清算银行间支付业务，让很多那需要在银行支付结算系统的差异沉降进行资金，可通过第三方支付公司在整个中部开设不同的银行账户中，只有跨行支付少量是由中央银行的支付清算系统来完成，从而减少支付JieSuan Liang央行支付结算系统。
具体看，根据16家上市银行的数据，在2010年至2 013年期间，银行手续费收入占比逐年上升的趋势，主营业务收入中的比重，到2013年，比重达到19.52％，上平均。
由此可见。
手续费收入是商业银行盈利的重要来源，特别是在利率丝光加速的背景下，目前，越来越成为银行调整业务结构，推动非利息收入的发展的重要途径。
货币资金支付结算业务的互联网第三方支付功能已形成银行业的竞争，降低银行结算和银行卡业务的需求，以及相应的结算清算手续费收入，银行卡手续费形成的影响，间接地增加银行手续费收入增长的难度。
2.2货币基金货币基金沽货的商业银行经营管理的影响，互联网分析传导的佣金为基础的功能货币资金早在美国还有另一种产品的存款，其销售本身是一定要绕过某些居民存款，因此，不将绕过因互联网货币基金银行存款。
但是，确实是一个货币基金“净”，大大加速了这一进程。
文献出处：Bansal P.The Influence of Internet Currency fund to Commercial Banks Business[J].St rategic management journal,2014，26(3):197-218.原文：The Influence of Internet Currency fund to Commercial Banks BusinessBaselThis papaer use the capital asset pricing model to research the influence of the commercia l bank management theory,analyzes the Internet financial product properties,characteristics an d advantages of monetary fund,and the third party payment of Internet currency fund respective ly and consignment fund functions affect the operating condition and effect of commercial ban k has carried on the qualitative analysis.On this basis,this article on the Internet affect bank mon etary fund performance and conducted a quantitative research.The study shows that Internet m oney funds of commercial Banks not only the impact on the same type of products,also pay busi ness of commercial Banks,savings business,intermediate business has a substitution effect,whic h affect the operating performance of the bank.1Internet money funds overview1.1 The concept of Internet currency fundsCurrency fund is Internet third-party payment and the money market fund in the product of Internet platform integration,with the third party payment platform,liquidity and profitability of money market funds and the convenience of the Internet financial products.Although purely mo netary market fund is not the product of the Internet financial;But the fusion with the Internet te chnology,the third-party payment platform,changed the original financial products in the balanc e of liquidity,security,and yields,overturns the traditional pattern of financial products.It is worth noting that the simple model of the Internet on a commission basis of monetary f und can provide convenience for fund sales,but does not change as money market fund fund pro ducts in liquidity constraints,only in the third-party payment platform to achieve docking after T +0to redeem its product attribute to the nature of ascension.Internet money funds can go beyo nd other fund products,which produced in the financial product attributes over,to do with the hi gh development of the third-party payment platform,the rapid spread.Third-party payment is th rough the Internet in the customer,creates a link between the third party payment companies and Banks,help customers to quickly implement monetary payment,fund settlement,and other fu nctions,but also the credit guarantee and technical support,etc.,according to data from iresearc h consulting for the year2013,our country third party Internet payment market size of5.37298tr illion yuan,year-on-year growth of46.8%.At the same time,in its internal structure of outbreak o f the first year of the Internet financial funds Explain the market has become second only to the n etwork shopping and the third largest airline ticket market segment,10.5%.Accordingly,in2013t hrough a third party Internet payment subscription monetary fund size is about564.163billion y uan.1.2The status quo of Internet currency fundsIn this paper,we discuss the Internet especially monetary fund through Internet sales,joint t hird-party payment platform of money market funds.Although it is in the balance of the treasur e to appear after the birth of the new concept,but this kind of new financial products has mad e a surprised people,high-speed development.In order to balance the treasure,for example.Sin ce it was introduced the June13,2013,business development rapidly.As of the end of Februar y2014,balance treasure scale has reached502.76billion yuan,average daily increase of1.926bil lion yuan;Users reached82.5477million,the average daily increase of82.5477million household s.Increased more rapidly in2014,on January1,2014to February28,2014,the average daily ne w subscribers664800,average daily new amount is5.119billion yuan,respectively,in2013the a verage increase of2.1times and4.6times,and as most users,the largest fund products.It is beca use of internet money funds in a high-speed development period,each quarter has new produc ts,hard to comprehensive statistics of the number and size,so here we mainly analysis the balan ce Po,baidu hundred earn,micro letter financial netease,cash and suning change treasure treasu re the five major Internet monetary fund products.Five main monetary fund,the Internet is at th e end of2013to2014in the first quarter,launch time is not long.And docking of funds are the to p big fund company specially designed products.By the end of the first quarter of2014,more tha n five main Internet money funds total scale(net)is772.661billion yuan,rose to527.349billio n yuan,a214.97%increase,and each quarter to keep more than100%of high-speed growth(se e chart1).Although the above five main Internet monetary fund docking only7only money mark et funds,but the size proportion is as high as53%of all money market funds.Table1shows that the average Internet monetary fund expected return is over5%,but hasbeen lowered after the first situation:at the end of2013reached a high,average expected annua l return of6.81%,much higher than similar financial products.This is mainly due to the Internet b ank agreement deposit in monetary fund asset allocation proportion is very high,but in the end o f the season,at the end of the commercial Banks of the inspection point,agreement deposit inter est rates will increase a lot of(according to the survey,some Banks in some key point of interest r ates offer even in more than7%);In the inspection point,because Internet monetary fund scale,i n be in a better position to negotiate with the commercial Banks,some of the lack of funds of sm all and medium-sized Banks have to give offer high interest rates.1.3the characteristics of Internet currency fundsFinancial products refers to the financing process of all kinds of carrier.Money funds while r elying on the Internet Internet tools and has function of third-party payment,but its essence is sti ll a financial product.From the perspective of investors,the financial product in the future earnin gs is one of its most important attributes,and according to the capital asset pricing model(capita l asset pricingmodel,CAPM),the expected rate of return of financial products are not isolated,bu t is related to its expected risk.Because there are a risk premium in the valuation of the financia l products and premium term premiums and scale factors,generally long investment horizon,ris k,high threshold,high product yield.We attempts to a broader perspective,therefore,in conside ration of the yield of financial products and its investment,risk,the time limit of correlation base d on threshold and investment target,will the Internet money funds as a short-term financial pro ducts,and for the general residents with similar function demand deposits and short-term liquidi ty,financial product in the Risks and benefits,purchase threshold comparison,summarized its ch aracteristics.Docking with the third-party payment tools,with high liquidity financial products liq uidity refers to its cash ability without loss.Bank demand deposits is undoubtedly the liquidity o f the strongest of the three;And wealth management products usually have agreed in the invest ment period(most of the financial product investment deadline for3-6months,even the super s hort-term financial product deadline is3-7days),in this period of time after purchase funds cann ot be transferred out.The Internet money funds of high liquidity is one of its important features.I nternet monetary fund is essentially docking with the open of money market funds of financial pr oducts,and open a money market fund can be ready to explain buy and redemptive,but commo nly after redemptive operation need T T+2,+1or money to return to the bank account.Internet mat endowment money funds through a third party platform or mat endowment fund compan y,can realize the customer on the day of redemption money to zhang T+0.That is to say,on the p remise of no interest loss,realized the customer transfer funds for redemption of the fund,namel y real-time to pay treasure account,which in turn is used to transfer to the bank card consumptio n or online at any time,to make it close to the bank liquidity demand deposits,and higher tha n most of the instruments.Balance treasure,for example,the product is through client redemptio ns mat endowment fund company to realize the function of capital can be on the same day to zh ang T+0.2The influence of the Internet money funds of commercial Banks businessMonetary fund's influence on bank Internet were reflected in the third-partypayment and commission two big functions corresponding to a bank to pay money funds,assets and liabilities,and the impact of intermediary business,etc.2.1monetary fund of Internet third-party payment function of conduction analysis of commerc ial bank managementTraditionally pay refers to the transfer of money.Payment function is the foundation of the b anking industry,is also an indispensable part of the individuals and enterprises in modern econo mic activities widespread basic needs.The financial industry,especially in an increasingly competi tive today,payment business for commercial Banks not only bring rich intermediate business inco me,also can attract customers,and improving customer stickiness,improve the overall level of fi nancial services.As a result,the bank's importance is self-evident.Payment is closely combined with the account,account is the starting point of pay and belon ging.In the traditional payment business,money from a bank account to another bank account.T his payment behavior will only cause funds transfer between different bank accounts.And when t he coming of the third party payment,it in the following two modes affect the bank's payment b usiness:one is the money in the form of balance in account of the third-party payment platfor m(hereinafter referred to as the"escrow account"),part of the bank account of payment accoun t into the third party payment business.In this case,the client using escrow account to pay,mak e partial payments into the flow of funds between the third party account,thus replacing the flo w between bank accounts,to reduce the bank's pay JieSuanLiang;it is in the capital in the form o f balance in the bank account of cases,most of the liquidation inter bank payment business through the third party platform,make a lot of that need to be done in the bank payment and settleme nt system differential settlement of funds,can through the third party payment companies in diff erent bank accounts opened in the middle of the complete,only a small amount of interbank pay ment is done by the central bank's payment and settlement system,thereby reducing the payme nt JieSuanLiang central bank payment and settlement system.Specific look,according to the dat a of16listed Banks,during the period of2010to2013,the banking fee income accounted for th e proportion of main business income of the trend of rising year by year,to2013,the proportio n reached19.52%on average.This shows.Fee income is an important source of commercial ban k profitability,especially in the current under the background of the acceleration of mercerizatio n of interest rate,more become Banks adjust the business structure,an important way of promot ing the development of non-interest income.The Internet third-party payment function of monet ary fund payment and settlement business has formed the competition of banking industry and r educe the banking settlement and bank card business demand,and the corresponding settlemen t clearing fee income and the bank card fees to form the impact,indirectly increased the difficult y of banking fee income growth.2.2monetary fund money funds to sell goods on a commission basis function of the Internet im pact conduction analysis of commercial bank managementMonetary fund as early as in the United States there is a deposit of alternative product,its s ales itself is sure to bypass certain residents deposits,therefore,does not will bypass all bank dep osits due to Internet currency funds.But,is indeed a monetary fund"net"greatly accelerated this process.文献出处：Bansal P.The Influence of Internet Currency fund to Commercial Banks Business[J].St rategic management journal,2014，26(3):197-218.。