2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试新课标I卷
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试新课标I卷英语试题第一部分听力(共两节,满分30 分)做题时,现将答案标在试卷上,录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分7.5 分)听下面5 段对话,每段对话后有一个小题。
从题中所给的A,B,C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt?A.£ 19.15B.£ 9.18C.£ 9.15答案是C。
1.What are the speakers talking about?A. Having a birthday party.B. Doing some exercise.C. Getting Lydia a gift2.What is the woman going to do?A. Help the man.B. Take a bus.C. Get a camera3.What does the woman suggest the man do?A. Tell Kate to stop.B. Call Kate's friends.C. Stay away from Kate.4.Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a wine shop.B. In a supermarket.C. In a restaurant.5.What does the woman mean?A. Keep the window closed.B. Go out for fresh air.C. Turn on the fan.听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.What is the man going to do this summer?A. Teach a course.B. Repair his house.C. Work at a hotel.7.How will the man use the money?A. To hire a gardener.B. To buy books.C. To pay for a boat trip.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
8.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Schoolmates.B. Colleagues.C. Roommates.9.What does Frank plan to do right after graduation?A. Work as a programmer.B. Travel around the world.C. Start his own business. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题10.Why does the woman make the call?A. To book a hotel room.B. To ask about the room serviceC. To make changes ti a reservation11.When will the women arrive at the hotel?A. On September 15B. On September 16C. On September 2312.How much will the woman pay her room per night?A. $179B.$199C. $219听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13.What is the woman’s plan for Saturday?A. Going shoppingB. Going campingC. Going boating14.Where will the woman stay in Keswick?A. In a country innB. In a five-star hotelC. In her aunt’s home15.What will Gordon do over the weekend?A. Visit his friendsB. Watch DVDsC. Join the woman16.What does the woman think of Gordon’s coming weekend?A. RelaxedB. BoringC. Busy.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题17.Who is Wang Ming?A.A studentB. An employer C .An engineer18.What does the speaker say about the college job market this year?A. It’s unpredictableB. It’s quite stableC. It’s not optimistic19.Whar percentage of student job seekers have found a job by now?A.20%B. 22%C. 50%20.Why are engineering graduates more likely to accept a job?A. They need more work experienceB. The salary is usually goodC. Their choice is limited.第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AYou probably know who Marie Curie was,but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below,who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?Jane Addams(1860-1935)Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addans helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区)by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need In 1931,Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.Rachel Carson(1907-1964)If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not ex ist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.Sandra Day O’Connor(1930-present)When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952,she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and ,in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many importa nt cases during her 24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks(1913-2005)On December 1,1955,in Montgomery, Alabama, Rasa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks.21.What is Jane Addams noted for in history?A. Her social work.B. Her lack of proper training in law.C. Her efforts to win a prize.D. Her community background.22. What is the reason for O’Connor’s being rejected by the law firm?A. Her lack of proper training in law.B. Her little work experience in court.C. The discrimination against women.D. The poor financial conditions.23. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the US?A. Jane Addams.B. Rachel Carson.C. Sandra Day O’Connor.D. Rosa Parks24. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?A. They are highly educated.B. They are truly creative.C. They are pioneers.D. They are peace-lovers.BGrandparents Answer a CallAs a third generation native of Brownsville, Texas, Mildred Garza never planned to move away,. Even when her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help with their children, she politely refused . Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms Garza finally say yes. That was four years ago. Today all three generations regard the move as a success, giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities.No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to the children and grandchildren. Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing. Even President Obama’s mother-in-law, Marian Robinson, has agreed toleave Chicago and into the White House to help care for her granddaughters. According to a study by grandparents com, 83 percent of the people said Mrs. Robinson's decision will influence the grandparents in the American family. Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama’s family.“In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn’t get away from home far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our own, ”says Christine Crosby, publisher of Grand, a magazine for grandparents .We now realize how important family is and how important it is to be near them, especially when you’re raising children.”Moving is not for everyone. Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead. Having your grandchildren far away is hard, especially knowing your adult child is struggling, but giving up the life you know may be harder.25. Why was Garza’s move a success?A. It strengthened her family ties.B. It improved her living conditions.C. It enabled her make more friends.D. It helped her know more new places.26.What was the reaction of the public to Mrs. Robinson’s decision?A.17% expressed their support for it.B. Few people responded sympathetically.C.83% believed it had a bad influence.D. The majority thought it was a trend.27. What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s?A. They were unsure of themselvesB. They were eager to raise more children.C. They wanted to live away from their parents.D. They had little respect for their grandparent.28. What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the last paragraph?A. Make decisions in the best interests of their ownB. Ask their children to pay more visits to themC. Sacrifice for their struggling childrenD. Get to know themselves betterCI am Peter Hodes ,a volunteer stem courier. Since March 2012, I've done 89 trips--- of those , 51 have been abroad. I have 42 hours to carry stem cells(干细胞)in my little box because I've got two ice packs and that's how long they last. In all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we’ve got 72 hours at most. So I am always conscious o f time.I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence, Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said:” Well , I’m really sorry, I’ve got some bad news for you---there are no flights from Washington. ”So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said: ”In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient---please, ple ase, you’ve got to get me back to the United Kingdom. ”She just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me, re-routed(改道)me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.For this courier job, you’re consciously aware that in that box you’ve got something that is potentially going to save somebody's life.29.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier” in Paragraph1 ?A .provider B. delivery manC .collector D. medical doctor30.Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42 hours?A. He cannot stay away from his job too long.B. The donor can only wait for that long.C. The operation needs that very much.D. The ice won't last any longer.31.Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?A. To LondonB. To NewarkC. To ProvidenceD. To WashingtonDThe meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙)with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person's needs.Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what maybe implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.32. What does the author say about silence in conversations?A. It implies anger.B. It promotes friendship.C. It is culture-specific.D. It is content-based.33. Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?A. The Chinese.B. The French.C. The Mexicans.D. The Russians.34. What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?A. Let it continue as the patient pleases.B. Break it while treating patients.C. Evaluate its harm to patients.D. Make use of its healing effects.35. What may be the best title for the text?A. Sound and SilenceB. What It Means to Be SilentC. Silence to Native AmericansD. Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold第二节(共 5 小题,每小题 2 分,满分10 分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
2016普通高等学校招生全国统一考试和答案(新课标I)
2016普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标I)英语试卷类型A第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力(共两节,满分30 分)做题时,现将答案标在试卷上,录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话,每段对话后有一个小题。
从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt?A. £ 19. 15B. £ 9. 18C. £ 9. 15答案是C。
1. What are the speakers talking about?A. Having a birthday party.B. Doing some exercise.C. Getting Lydia a gift.2. What is the woman going to do?A. Help the man.B. Take a bus.C. Get a camera.3. What does the woman suggest the man do?A. Tell Kate to stop.B. Call Kate, s friends.C. Stay away from Kate.4. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a wine shop.B. In a supermarket.C. In a restaurant.5. What does the woman mean?A. Keep the window closed.B. Go out for fresh air.C. Turn on the fan.听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
2016年高考全国新课标1卷物理含详细解析
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(I 卷)一、选择题:本题共8小题,每小题6分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,第14~17题只有一项符合题目要求,第18~21题有多项符合题目要求。
全部选对的得6分,选对但不全的得3分。
有选错的得0分。
1、一平行板电容器两极板之间充满云母介质,接在恒压直流电源上。
若将云母介质移出,则电容器() A 、极板上的电荷量变大,极板间电场强度变大 B 、极板上的电荷量变小,极板间电场强度变大 C 、极板上的电荷量变大,极板间电场强度不变 D 、极板上的电荷量变小,极板间电场强度不变2、现代质谱仪可用来分析比质子重很多倍的离子,其示意图如图所示,其中加速电压恒定。
质子在入口处从静止开始被加速电场加速,经匀强磁场偏转后从出口离开磁场。
若某种一价正离子在入口处从静止开始被同一加速电场加速,为使它经匀强磁场偏转后仍从同一出口离开磁场,需将磁感应强度增加到原来的12倍。
此离子和质子的质量比约为()A 、11B 、12C 、121D 、1443、一含有理想变压器的电路如图所示,图中电阻12R R 、和3R 的阻值分别是31ΩΩ、和4Ω,○A 为理想交流电流表,U 为正弦交流电压源,输出电压的有效值恒定。
当开关S 断开时,电流表的示数为I ;当S 闭合时,电流表的示数为4I 。
该变压器原、副线圈匝数比为()A 、2B 、3C 、4D 、54、利用三颗位置适当的地球同步卫星,可使地球赤道上任意两点之间保持无线电通讯。
目前,地球同步卫星的轨道半径约为地球半径的6.6倍。
假设地球的自转周期变小,若仍仅用三颗同步卫星来实现上述目的,则地球自转周期的最小值约为() A 、1h B 、4h C 、8h D 、16h5、一质点做匀速直线运动。
现对其施加一恒力,且原来作用在质点上的力不发生改变,则() A 、质点速度的方向总是与该恒力的方向相同B 、质点速度的方向不可能总是与该恒力的方向垂直C、质点加速度的方向总是与该恒力的方向相同D、质点单位时间内速率的变化量总是不变6、如图,一光滑的轻滑轮用细绳'OO悬挂于O点;另一细绳跨过滑轮,其一端悬挂物块a,另一端系一位于水平粗糙桌面上的物块b。
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题(全国卷1,含解析)
绝密★启封前试卷类型A 2016普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标I)英语注意事项:1.答题前,先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。
2.选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.非选择题的作答:用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4.考试结束后,请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力(共两节,满分30 分)做题时,现将答案标在试卷上,录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分7.5 分)听下面 5 段对话,每段对话后有一个小题。
从题中所给的A,B,C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt?A.£ 19.15B.£ 9.18C.£ 9.15答案是C。
1.What are the speakers talking about?A. Having a birthday party.B. Doing some exercise.C. Getting Lydia a gift2.What is the woman going to do?A. Help the man.B. Take a bus.C. Get a camera3.What does the woman suggest the man do?A. Tell Kate to stop.B. Call Kate, s friends.C. Stay away from Kate.4.Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a wine shop.B. In a supermarket.C. In a restaurant.5.What does the woman mean?A. Keep the window closed.B. Go out for fresh air.C. Turn on the fan.听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
(全国Ⅰ卷 理科)2016年高考全国卷1(语文英语理数理综)共四套含答案
1.下列关于原文内容的表述,不正确的一项是
()
A. 殷墟甲骨文是商代后期王公贵族占卜吉凶时写刻在龟甲或兽骨上的文字,它的
发现对中国学术界产生了深远的影响。
B. 在殷墟甲骨文发现之前,人们只能从有限的文献记载中了解到中国历史上存在 过一个商王朝,然而这些文献却并非成于商代。
甲骨文的发现还大大加速了对传统的中国文字学的改造。汉代以后中国的文字学家 崇尚许慎的《说文解字》,传统的文字学主要是《说文》学;但由于北宋以来金石学的 发展,特别是对金文的研究,已不断地用商周古文字对《说文》的文字学进行补充。到 了清代,对金石学的研究进一步深入,使《说文》的权威性受到了较大的冲击。甲骨文 的发现提供了汉字的早期形式,其构成离小篆甚远,多有象形、会意文字,令当时学者 眼界大开。《说文》以小篆为本解释字源的理论难以维持,从此中国文字学就进入了一 个新的时期。
所载殷王世系几乎皆可由卜辞资料印证,是基本可靠的。论文无可辩驳地证明《殷本纪》
所载的商王朝是确实存在的。 无
甲骨文的发现也使《史记》之类的历史文献中有关中国古史记载的可信性增强。因
为这一发现促使史学家们想到,既然《殷本纪》中的商王世系基本可信,司马迁的《史
记》也确如刘向、扬雄所言是一部“实录”,那么司马迁在《史记·夏本纪》中所记录
C. 由于缺少成于商代的文字史料,因此从稳妥的角度出发,胡适认为古史研究大 致可从西周时代开始进行。
D. 1917 年王国维写的《殷卜辞中所见先公先王考》及《续考》,证明了《史记·殷 本纪》所载内的一项是
()
A. 在 20 世纪 20 年代疑古思潮流行时期,一些历史学家对《世本》的可靠性将信 将疑,认为其中记载的一些内容恐怕是虚构的。
2016普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标I)(含答案)
高考真题及答案2016普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标I)英语试卷类型A第Ⅰ 卷第一部分听力(共两节,满分30 分)做题时,现将答案标在试卷上,录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分7.5 分)听下面 5 段对话,每段对话后有一个小题。
从题中所给的A、 B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt?A. £19. 15B.9£.18C.9£.15答案是C。
1. What are the speakers talking about?A. Having a birthday party.B. Doing some exercise.C. Getting Lydia a gift.2. What is the woman going to do?3. What does the woman suggest the man do?A. Tell Kate to stop.B. Call Kate, s friends.C. Stay away from Kate.4. Where does the conversation probably take place?5. What does the woman mean?A. Keep the window closed.B. Go out for fresh air.C. Turn on the fan.听第 6 段材料,回答第 6 、 7 题。
6. What is the man going to do this summer?7. How will the man use the money?A. To hire a gardener.B. To buy books.C. To pay for a boat trip.听第 7 段材料,回答第8 、 9 题。
2016年新课标I卷试题及解答
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试理科综合能力测试•物理试题部分(I 卷)二、选择题:本大题共8小题,每小题6分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,第14 ~ 18题只有一项是符合题目要求,第19 ~ 21题有多项符合题目要求.全部选对的得6分,选对但不全的得3分.有选错的得0分.14.一平行电容器两极板之间充满云母介质,接在恒压直流电源上,若将云母介质移出,则电容器A .极板上的电荷量变大,极板间的电场强度变大B .极板上的电荷量变小,极板间的电场强度变大C .极板上的电荷量变大,极板间的电场强度不变D .极板上的电荷量变小,极板间的电场强度不变15.现代质谱仪可用来分析比质子重很多的离子,其示意图如图所示,其中加速电压恒定.质子在入口处从静止开始被加速电场加速,经匀强磁场偏转后从出口离开磁场.若某种一价正离子在入口处从静止开始被同一加速电场加速,为使它经匀强磁场偏转后仍从同一出口离开磁场,需将磁感应强度增加到原来的12倍.此离子和质子的质量比约为 A .11 B .12 C .121 D .144 16.一含有理想变压器的电路如图所示,图中电阻R 1,R 2和R 3的阻值分别为3Ω ,1Ω ,4Ω ,○A 为理想交流电流表,U 为正弦交流电压源,输出电压的有效值恒定.当开关S 断开时,电流表的示数为I ;当S 闭合时,电流表的示数为4I .该变压器原、副线圈匝数比为 A .2 B .3 C .4 D .517.利用三颗位置适当的地球同步卫星,可使地球赤道上任意两点之间保持无线电通讯,目前地球同步卫星的轨道半径为地球半径的6.6倍,假设地球的自转周期变小,若仍仅用三颗同步卫星来实现上述目的,则地球自转周期的最小值约为 A .1h B .4h C .8h D .16h18.一质点做匀速直线运动,现对其施加一恒力,且原来作用在质点上的力不发生改变,则A .质点速度的方向总是与该恒力的方向相同B .质点速度的方向不可能总是与该恒力的方向垂直C .质点加速度的方向总是与该恒力的方向相同D .质点单位时间内速率的变化量总是不变 19.如图,一光滑的轻滑轮用细绳OO'悬挂于O 点;另一细绳跨过滑轮,其一端悬挂物块a ,另一端系一位于水平粗糙桌面上的物块b .外力F 向右上方拉b ,整个系统处于静止状态.若F 方向不变,大小在一定范围内变化,物块b 仍始终保持静止,则 A .绳OO'的张力也在一定范围内变化 B .物块b 所受到的支持力也在一定范围内变化 C .连接a 和b 的绳的张力也在一定范围内变化D .物块b 与桌面间的摩擦力也在一定范围内变化20磁场过轨迹最低点P 的竖直线对称.忽略空气阻力.由此可知 A .Q 点的电势比P 点高B .油滴在Q 点的动能比它在P 点的大C .油滴在Q 点的电势能比它在P 点的大D .油滴在Q 点的加速度大小比它在P 点的小21.甲、乙两车在平直公路上同向行驶,其v – t 图像如图所示.已知两车在t = 3s 时并排行驶,则 A .在t = 1s 时,甲车在乙车后B .在t = 0时,甲车在乙车前7.5mC .两车另一次并排行驶的时刻是t = 2sD .甲、乙两车两次并排行驶的位置之间沿公路方向的距离为40m第II 卷(非选择题共174分)三、非选择题:包括必考题和选考题两部分.第22题~第32题为必考题,每个试题考生都必须做答.第33题~第40题为选考题,考生根据要求做答. (一)必考题(共129分) 22.(5分)某同学用图(a )所示的实验装置验证机械能守恒定律,其中打点计时器的电源为交流电源,可以使用的频率有220Hz 、30Hz 和40Hz ,打出纸带的一部分如图(b )所示.该同学在实验中没有记录交流电的频率f ,需要用实验数据和其他条件进行推算. (1)若从打出的纸带可判定重物匀加速下落,利用f 和图(b )中给出的物理量可以写出:在打点计时器打出B 点时,重物下落的速度大小为_________,打出C 点时重物下落的速度大小为________,重物下落的加速度的大小为________. (2)已测得s 1 = 8.89cm ,s 2 = 9.50cm ,s 3 = 10.10cm ;当重力加速度大小为9.80m/s 2,试验中重物受到的平均阻力大小约为其重力的1%.由此推算出f 为________Hz . 23.(10分) 现要组装一个由热敏电阻控制的报警系统,当要求热敏电阻的温度达到或超过60°C 时,系统报警.提供的器材有:热敏电阻,报警器(内阻很小,流过的电流超过I c 时就会报警),电阻箱(最大阻值为999.9Ω),直流电源(输出电压为U ,内阻不计),滑动变阻器R 1(最大阻值为1000Ω),滑动变阻器R 2(最大阻值为2000Ω),单刀双掷开关一个,导线若干.在室温下对系统进行调节,已知U 约为18V ,I c 约为10mA ;流过报警器的电流超过20mA 时,报警器可能损坏;该热敏电阻的阻值随温度的升高而减小,在60°C 时阻值为650.0Ω.(1图(a )图(b )(2)在电路中应选用滑动变阻器________(填“R1”或“R2”).(3)按照下列步骤调节此报警系统:①电路接通前,需将电阻箱调到一定的阻值,根据实验要求,这一阻值为______Ω;滑动变阻器的滑片应置于______(填“a”或“b”)端附近,不能置于另一端的原因是______.②将开关向______(填“c”或“d”)端闭合,缓慢移动滑动变阻器的滑片,直至______.(4)保持滑动变阻器滑片的位置不变,将开关向另一端闭合,报警系统即可正常使用.24.(14分)如图,两固定的绝缘斜面倾角均为θ,上沿相连.两细金属棒ab(仅标出a端)和cd (仅标出c端)长度均为L,质量分别为2m和m;用两根不可伸长的柔软导线将它们连成闭合回路abdca,并通过固定在斜面上沿的两光滑绝缘小定滑轮跨放在斜面上,使两金属棒水平.右斜面上存在匀强磁场,磁感应强度大小为B,方向垂直于斜面向上,已知两根导线刚好不在磁场中,回路电阻为R,两金属棒与斜面间的动摩擦因数均为μ,重力加速度大小为g,已知金属棒ab匀速下滑.求Array(1)作用在金属棒ab上的安培力的大小;(2)金属棒运动速度的大小.25.(18分)如图,一轻弹簧原长为2R,其一端固定在倾角为37°的固定直轨道AC的底端A处,另一端位于直轨道上B处,弹簧处于自然状态,直轨道与一半径为R的光滑圆弧轨道相切于C 点,AC =7R,A、B、C、D均在同一竖直面内.质量为m的小物块P自C点由静止开始下滑,最低到达E点(未画出),随后P沿轨道被弹回,最高点到达F点,AF= 4R,已知P 与直轨道间的动摩擦因数μ = ,重力加速度大小为g.(取sin37° = 0.6,cos37° = 0.8)(1)求P第一次运动到B点时速度的大小.(2)求P运动到E点时弹簧的弹性势能.(3)改变物块P的质量,将P推至E点,从静止开始释放.已知P自圆弧轨道的最高点D处水平飞出后,恰好通过G点.G点在C点左下方,与C点水平相距R、竖直相距R,求P运动到D点时速度的大小和改变后P的质量.(二)选考题:共45分.请考生从给出的3道物理题、3道化学题、2道生物题中每科任选一题做答,并用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选题目题号后的方框涂黑.注意所选题目的题号必须与所涂题目的题号一致,在答题卡选答区域指定位置答题.如果多做,则每学科按所做的第一题计分.33.[物理——选修3–3](15分) (1)(5分)关于热力学定律,下列说法正确的是________.(填正确答案标号.选对1个得2分,选对2个得4分,选对3个得5分.每选错1个扣3分,最低得分为0分) A .气体吸热后温度一定升高 B .对气体做功可以改变其内能 C .理想气体等压膨胀过程一定放热D .热量不可能自发地从低温物体传到高温物体E .如果两个系统分别与状态确定的第三个系统达到热平衡,那么这两个系统彼此之间也必定达到热平衡(2)(10分)在水下气泡内空气的压强大于气泡表面外侧水的压强,两压强差Δp 与气泡半径r 之间的关系为Δp =2σr ,其中σ = 0.070 N/m .现让水下10 m 处一半径为0.50 cm 的气泡缓慢上升,已知大气压强p 0 = 1.0×105 Pa ,水的密度ρ = 1.0×103 kg/m 3,重力加速度大小g =10 m/s 2.(i )求在水下10 m 处气泡内外的压强差;(ii )忽略水温随水深的变化,在气泡上升到十分接近水面时,求气泡的半径与其原来半径之比的近似值.34.[物理——选修3–4](15分) (1)(5分)某同学漂浮在海面上,虽然水面波正平稳地以1.8 m./s 的速率向着海滩传播,但他并不向海滩靠近.该同学发现从第1个波峰到第10个波峰通过身下的时间间隔为15 s .下列说法正确的是___________.(填正确答案标号.选对1个得2分,选对2个得4分,选对3个得5分.每选错1个扣3分,最低得分为0分) A .水面波是一种机械波 B .该水面波的频率为6 Hz C .该水面波的波长为3 mD .水面波没有将该同学推向岸边,是因为波传播时能量不会传递出去E .水面波没有将该同学推向岸边,是因为波传播时振动的质点并不随波迁移 (2)(10分)如图,在注满水的游泳池的池底有一点光源A ,它到池边的水平距离为3.0 m .从点光源A 射向池边的光线AB 与竖直方向的夹角恰好等于全反射的临界角,水的折射率为.(i )求池内的水深;(ii)一救生员坐在离池边不远处的高凳上,他的眼睛到地面的高度为2.0 m.当他看到正前下方的点光源A时,他的眼睛所接受的光线与竖直方向的夹角恰好为45°.求救生员的眼睛到池边的水平距离(结果保留1位有效数字).35.[物理——选修3–5](15分)(1)(5分)现用一光电管进行光电效应的实验,当用某一频率的光入射时,有光电流产生.下列说法正确的是_________________.(填正确答案标号.选对1个得2分,选对2个得4分,选对3个得5分.每选错1个扣3分,最低得分为0分)A.保持入射光的频率不变,入射光的光强变大,饱和光电流变大B.入射光的频率变高,饱和光电流变大C.入射光的频率变高,光电子的最大初动能变大D.保持入射光的光强不变,不断减小入射光的频率,始终有光电流产生E.遏止电压的大小与入射光的频率有关,与入射光的光强无关(2)(10分)某游乐园入口旁有一喷泉,喷出的水柱将一质量为M的卡通玩具稳定地悬停在空中.为计算方便起见,假设水柱从横截面积为S的喷口持续以速度v0竖直向上喷出;玩具底部为平板(面积略大于S);水柱冲击到玩具底板后,在竖直方向水的速度变为零,在水平方向朝四周均匀散开.忽略空气阻力.已知水的密度为ρ,重力加速度大小为g.求:(i)喷泉单位时间内喷出的水的质量;(ii)玩具在空中悬停时,其底面相对于喷口的高度.参考答案:14.D;本题考查电容器的及其基本计算。
2016年高考英语全国Ⅰ卷试题及答案
2016普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标I)英语试卷类型A第Ⅰ卷第二节(共 5 小题,每小题 2 分,满分10 分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
Secret codes (密码)keep messages private。
Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” Spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”38 You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Let’s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a n umber for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 5 20 13 5.”A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 39 For example, “bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “Bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.”40 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.B. In any language, some letters are used more than others.C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.第三部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2016高考全国卷1理综化学含答案及解析
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标I卷)理科综合(化学部分)7.化学与生活密切相关。
下列有关说法错误的是()A、用灼烧的方法可以区分蚕丝和人造纤维B、食用油反复加热会产生稠环芳烃等有害物质C、加热能杀死流感病毒是因为蛋白质受热变性D、医用消毒酒精中乙醇的浓度为95%【答案】D【解析】A、蚕丝的主要成分为蛋白质,灼烧时会有烧焦羽毛的气味,而人造纤维由纤维素改性得到,灼烧时有刺激性气味,可由此区分二者,故A正确。
B、食用油反复加热,碳链会变成环状,产生稠环芳烃等有害物质,故B正确。
C、加热、强酸碱、重金属盐均可以使蛋白质变性,因此加热可杀死流感病毒,故C正确。
D、医用酒精中乙醇的浓度为75%,工业酒精中乙醇的浓度为95%,故D错误。
因此,本题选D。
8.设N A为阿伏加德罗常数值。
下列有关叙述正确的是()A、14 g乙烯和丙烯混合气体中的氢原子数为2N AB、1 mol N2与4 mol H2反应生成的NH3分子数为2N AC、1 mol Fe溶于过量硝酸,电子转移数为2N AD、标准状况下,2.24L CCl4含有的共价键数为0.4N A【答案】A【解析】9.下列关于有机化合物的说法正确的是()A、2-甲基丁烷也称为异丁烷B、由乙烯生成乙醇属于加成反应C、C4H9Cl有3种同分异构体D、油脂和蛋白质都属于高分子化合物【答案】B【解析】10.作能达到实验目的的是()A、用长颈漏斗分离出乙酸与乙醇反应的产物B、用向上排空气法收集铜粉与稀硝酸反应产生的NOC、配制氯化铁溶液时,将氯化铁溶解在较浓的盐酸中再加水稀释D 、将Cl 2与HCl 混合气体通过饱和食盐水可得到纯净的Cl 2【答案】C 【解析】11.三室式电渗析法处理含Na 2SO 4废水的原理如图所示,采用惰性电极,ab 、cd 均为离子交换膜,在直流电场的作用下,两膜中间的Na +和SO 42–可通过离子交换膜,而两端隔室中离子被阻挡不能进入中间隔室。
全国卷高考英语试题及答案-全国卷
绝密★启封前2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标I)英语注意事项:1.答题前,先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。
2.选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.非选择题的作答:用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4.考试结束后,请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力(共两节,满分 30 分)做题时,现将答案标在试卷上,录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题分,满分分)听下面 5 段对话,每段对话后有一个小题。
从题中所给的 A,B,C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
are the speakers talking aboutA. Having a birthday party.B. Doing some exercise.C. Getting Lydia a gift2. What is the woman going to doA. Help the man.B. Take a bus.C. Get a camera3. What does the woman suggest the man doA. Tell Kate to stop.B. Call Kate, s friends.C. Stay away from Kate.4. Where does the conversation probably take placeA. In a wine shop.B. In a supermarket.C. In a restaurant.5. What does the woman meanA. Keep the window closed.B. Go out for fresh air.C. Turn on the fan.听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
2016全国卷1化学试题答案+解析
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试化学(新课标I )一、选择题:本大题共13小题,每小题6分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
7.化学与生活密切相关,下列有关说法错误的是A.用灼烧的方法可以区分蚕丝和人造纤维B.食用油反复加热会产生稠环芳香烃等有害物质C.加热能杀死流感病毒是因为蛋白质受热变性D.医用消毒酒精中乙醇的浓度为95%【答案】D考点:考查化学在生活的应用的知识。
8.设N A为阿伏加德罗常数值。
下列有关叙述正确的是A.14 g乙烯和丙烯混合气体中的氢原子数为2N AB.1 molN2与4 mol H2反应生成的NH3分子数为2N AC.1 molFe溶于过量硝酸,电子转移数为2N AD.标准状况下,2.24 LCCl4含有的共价键数为0.4N A【答案】A【解析】试题分析:A、乙烯和丙烯的最简式相同,均是CH2,14 g乙烯和丙烯混合气体中的氢原子数为14214AN⨯⨯=2N A,正确;B、N2与H2反应生成的NH3的反应是可逆反应,反应物不能完全转化为生成物。
1 molN2与4 mol H2反应生成的NH3分子数小于2N A,B错误;C.1 molFe溶于过量硝酸生成硝酸铁,电子转移数为3N A,错误;D、标准状况下四氯化碳是液态,不能利用气体摩尔体积计算物质的量,错误。
考点:考查阿伏加德罗常数计算的知识。
9.下列关于有机化合物的说法正确的是A.2-甲基丁烷也称异丁烷B.由乙烯生成乙醇属于加成反应C.C4H9Cl有3种同分异构体D.油脂和蛋白质都属于高分子化合物【答案】B【解析】试题分析:A.2-甲基丁烷也称异戊烷,错误;B.乙烯与水发生加成反应生成乙醇,正确;C.C4H9Cl有4种同分异构体,错误;D.油脂不是高分子化合物,错误。
考点:考查有机物结构和性质判断的知识。
10.下列实验操作能达到实验目的的是A.用长颈漏斗分离出乙酸与乙醇反应的产物B.用向上排空气法收集铜粉与稀硝酸反应产生的NOC.配制氯化铁溶液时,将氯化铁溶解在较浓的盐酸中再加水稀释D.将Cl2与HCl混合气体通过饱和食盐水可得到纯净的Cl2【答案】C考点:考查化学实验基本操作的知识。
