2019高考英语全国I短文改错精细解析

黑龙江绥化一中高考命题研究名师高云峰

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident. One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. Suddenly football fell just in front of me but almost hit me. I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground. To everyone`s surprising, the ball went into the net. All the football player on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football. From now on, I started to play my football with classmates after school. I am a good player now.

【精细解析1】形容词运用错误

把interesting改为interested。解题逻辑思路：每遇到形容词的时候查3件事——①形副是否

串用②比较等级是否合理③doing和done串没串。此题明显可见，interest的形容词形式

作表语说明人的，故应该使用其v-ed形式。

【精细解析2】语义逻辑错误

把where改为when。解题思路：短文改错10个错误里一般有一两个错误属于语义逻辑错误，

即非语法错误。需要按原词理顺翻译全句就可发现是否存在这种错误。该句按原词理顺翻

译为“一天下午在我在学校的地方，我正在学校操场边上走着。”，发现其语义逻辑不通，

应该改为“一天下午当我在学校里的时候，我正在操场边上走着。”。所以发现了一个由

于连词错用造成的语义逻辑错误，故答案是把where改为when。

【精细解析3】名词处理错误

在football前加不定冠词a。可数名词单数通常不能独立使用，因为独立使用既不泛指也不

特指，泛指即指类，前面需加a/an；特指则前边需加the或物主代词。根据词句语言环境明

显可知“一只足球”为泛指，故需要在football前加a。

【精细解析4】语义逻辑题错误

把but改为and。解题思路：短文改错10个错误里一般有一两个错误属于语义逻辑错误，

即非语法错误。需要按原词理顺翻译全句就可发现是否存在这种错误。该句按原词理顺翻

译全句为“突然，有一只足球正好落到我前边，可是差点击中我”，可见其语义逻辑不通，

应改为“突然有一只足球正好落到我前边，（并且）差点击中我”，所以应该把but改为

and。此题为连词运用错误导致的语义逻辑错误。

【精细解析5】语义逻辑错误

把hardly改为hard。短文改错10个错误里一般有一两个错误属于语义逻辑错误，即非语法

错误。需要按原词理顺翻译全句就可发现是否存在这种错误。该句按原词理顺翻译全句为

“我把球停住，几乎没把它踢回到操场。”，可见其语义逻辑不通，根据语言环境应改为

“我把球停住，使劲把它踢回到操场”，所以应该把hardly（几乎不）改为hard（努力地；

用力地）。此题为形似词运用导致的语义逻辑错误。

【精细解析6】词性串用错误（名-形串用）

把surprising改为surprised。明显可见to sb.’s 后需加名词而不是形容词。故必须把surprising

改为surprise。

【精细解析7】名词处理错误

解题思路：每遇名词只需查2件事——单复数和泛特指。根据player前面受到all修饰，可

知必用其复数形式。故把player改为players。

【精细解析8】动词处理错误

动词处理题的解题逻辑路径是：首分大方向，即分清谓与非谓。根据语句结构可见，cheered

已经是谓语动词了，和另一个动词say之间没有连词，所以say必然是非谓语动词。在这里say

短语作伴随状语。根据非谓语动词作状语的基本规律：目的/未来是to do；主动doing被动done，

可知此题需要把say改为saying。

【精细解析9】语义逻辑错误

把now改为then。解题思路：短文改错10个错误里一般有一两个错误属于语义逻辑错误，

即非语法错误。每句需要按原词理顺翻译全句就可发现是否存在这种错误。From now on, I

started to play my football with classmates after school. 该句按原词理顺翻译为“从现在起我开

始和同学在放学后踢足球了”，但根据前述语言环境可知该句存在语义逻辑错误，应该改

为“从那时起我开始和我的同学在放学后踢足球了”。可见其语义逻辑不通，所以应该把

now改为then。此题为正反小词运用错误导致的语义逻辑错误。

【精细解析10】多余用词错误

本句中另一处错误是限定词惯用法错误。From now on, I started to play my football with

classmates after school.。play（进行/演奏）后接乐器或球类运动名词时，名词前习惯上是零

冠词。故，答案是去掉my。重要提示：多词错误多见于英语小词——介、连、冠（包括物

主代词）、代。

【全题小结总评】2019全国1卷的短文改错命题考点分布看，考查了v-ed与v-ing形式形容词区分1个；

动词处理（谓与非谓）1个；名词处理题2个（泛特指一个；单复数一个）；词性串用（形

-名）1个；语义逻辑错误4个；多词错误1个。总体看没看到命题高水平，体现在：1.语义

逻辑错误数量过多（4个），常规情况为1-2个，毕竟该题以考查语法为中心；2. 该短文改

错题有11处错误，最后第二句里的classmates应该是特指，其前应该加上限定词my，可见

命题不够严谨。

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